How to decorate walls from foam blocks inside. Houses made of foam blocks: outdoor decoration - a variety of options. Different types of tiles

The question of what can be used to sheathe a house from outside from foam blocks worries many who decided to use this material for construction. Although there is an opinion that finishing is not a mandatory measure, but it is this process that helps to give the building a presentable look, as well as significantly increase its durability. Now there are several of the most popular options that are actively used for external use.

When deciding how to decorate the facade of a house from foam blocks, it is necessary to take into account a number mandatory conditionsthat the materials must meet:

1. Resistant to seasonal temperature fluctuations. The cladding must withstand long freeze-thaw cycles, and this cannot affect the appearance or protective characteristics.
2. Water vapor permeability. Since foam blocks are breathable products, exterior decoration should not interfere with this process. It should be borne in mind that when used for cladding products that significantly interfere with steam exchange, a special technology is used.
3. Waterproof. Protection load-bearing structures moisture is a parameter that prevents premature destruction of the structure.

Naturally, if all of the above factors are present in the material, this indicates its durability. But we must not forget that the exterior wall decoration of foam blocks should have a significant margin of safety, because there is a high probability of mechanical impact.

On a note! An important role is played by the feature of the foam blocks themselves, which are a type of foam concrete. This material is characterized by cellularity and porosity, which must be taken into account when performing any work.

Types of products for home decoration outside

A house made of foam blocks from the outside does not look very presentable, so the selected material, in addition to quality characteristics, should create a good decorative view... Therefore, the final decision should be taken only after evaluating all the characteristics of the facing products.

Natural and artificial stone

The use of natural stone requires reinforced surfaces and a solid foundation. That is why, if the base for the house does not imply a significant increase in the weight of the structure, it is better to refuse such an option or replace it with an imitation.

In any case, natural and artificial stone has undoubted advantages:

1. Excellent decorative look. The coating is completely individual.
2. Durability. Even an analogue of natural material has a long service life.
3. Resistance to various kinds of influences. Indeed, the surface does not lose its quality even over time.

Example of finishing the facade with decorative stone

Unfortunately, the products also have quite significant disadvantages:

• Complexity of installation. This is especially true for the natural option. In addition to the difficulty in processing, such products require special adhesives. Also, we must not forget that due to the large weight, the structure must initially be reliable.
• High cost. The most accessible variety is considered to be sandstone, which is quite widespread. Of course, it is much cheaper to use imitation, but it will also require significant financial costs.

Finishing the foam block from the outside with a stone can be carried out in two ways: fixing on the base (which reduces the level of steam exchange) and mounting on the frame. The latter method is typical for modern artificial varieties. The stone is most often used in combination with other materials, it is excellent for finishing part of the building.

Tile

In general, the tile is an analogue of stone, the technology of its use completely repeats the process of working with this option. Today there are several main varieties for facing foam blocks:

• clinker;
• porcelain stoneware;
• ceramic for facades.

All of them are united by the following positive qualities:

1. Ability to withstand aggressive environmental influences.
2. Wide decorative range.
3. Excellent protection against moisture penetration.

The disadvantages are almost identical to those inherent in natural stone. In addition, the cost of such products depends on their quality.

Facade cladding with porcelain stoneware

On a note! Much attention should be paid to installation technology, especially joints. It is because of their rapid destruction that moisture penetrates, which gradually deforms the coating.

Brick

Exterior decoration of a house made of foam blocks using bricks is a laborious and expensive undertaking; it is almost impossible to carry out it with high quality without appropriate experience. During installation, it is necessary to provide for many nuances. For example, if the dwelling will be operated year-round, then it is necessary to install an air gap and ventilation holes.

Brick has many advantages, which depend on the type chosen: clinker, silicate or ceramic, but it is better to entrust the work to professionals.

Plastering and painting

There is a cheap, but popular option when facing a house from foam blocks is carried out using plaster mixtures. The application technology is quite simple. There are two main ways of finishing with this composition:

1. Manual. Works are being carried out hand tool, and for more accurate alignment, installed beacons are used.
2. Machine. This method allows the surface to be tiled in a short time, but leveling is also done using a rule and a trowel.

Regardless of which option it is decided to decorate the house, a reinforcing mesh is used to strengthen the coating. And to make the surface really reliable, an additional layer of paintwork materials is applied to it. You should be extremely careful with facade paint, the composition should not greatly violate vapor permeability.

On a note! There is a so-called decorative plaster, which has inclusions of different factions. It is applied directly to foam blocks without an additional plaster layer or as a topcoat.

Ventilated facade construction

Due to the fact that when decorating houses from foam blocks from the outside, it is necessary to pay great attention to steam exchange, the best solution can be considered products that are mounted on a frame. There is a special group of materials for this.

Decorative facade block

An excellent alternative can be a facade foam block, which already has decorative trim... When using it, the problems of choosing a material for cladding an erected house completely disappear.

Currently, there are three main types of such a product:

• Standard. This option is a fragment with a coating on one side. The building being erected takes on a very respectable look.
• Angular. Such foam blocks with lining have two decorative surfaces. They are excellent for installation in window and doorwaysas well as at the outer corners.
• With insulation. This material includes a layer of thermal insulation, which is especially important for difficult climatic zones.

Decorative facade foam block

Probably, a foam block with a facing side, as the production technology develops, will be able to completely eliminate the need for subsequent finishing.

Features of wall decoration from foam blocks

As you know, the humidity level inside the room is often higher than outside. Therefore, moisture along with air tends to leave the room through the walls. Of course, if they are made of a material with a low vapor permeability coefficient, for example, brick, moisture will remain on the surface and leave the room in another way - through the cracks in the windows and ventilation.

But the vapor permeability of foam concrete, or aerated concrete, ranges from 0.08 to 0.26 mg / (m · h · Pa), depending on the brand. This is a high figure, about the same as a tree and even higher. Therefore, in order to avoid getting the walls wet, you can follow one of the following paths:

• Trim the walls from the inside with a vapor barrier material... In this case, high humidity inside the building is possible, especially if the ventilation efficiency in the house is poor;
• Finish the outside with vapor-permeable material... As a result, moisture will freely go outside, respectively, the walls will not get damp and, at the same time, a favorable microclimate is formed in the house.

I must say that vapor permeability is not the only quality that the facing material should have. It is extremely important that the walls outside are protected from direct contact with water, since aerated concrete strongly absorbs moisture, which again will lead to dampness of the walls and their destruction.

Another important point is thermal insulation. If the walls are not insulated from the outside, the dew point will be located inside the foam concrete, which will also lead to its rapid destruction. That is why it is necessary to trim foam concrete buildings correctly.

Outdoor cladding materials

Wet or dry materials - the main features of finishing technologies

You can decorate the walls from the outside using two technologies:

• Wet facade. The technology, called a wet facade, involves pasting walls with insulation, the surface of which is plastered and covered decorative material... It allows you to decorate walls relatively inexpensively, reliably protecting them from negative environmental influences.

The advantage of wet materials is their low cost. However, the durability of such a finish is low - 15-20 years;

• Ventilated facade... The ventilated facade belongs to dry finishing methods. It involves the use of a frame on which the facade panels are attached. In this case, the insulation is located in the space of the frame between the sheathing and the wall.

A ventilated facade costs at least 20-30 percent more expensive than a wet one, but it can last longer and, most importantly, has good repair properties.

Related articles:

Option 1: wet facade

To achieve a positive result when decorating walls using technology wet facade, it is necessary to choose the right insulation. Beginners (and not only) often use expanded polystyrene as insulation. But, this material has zero vapor permeability.

As I said, in order to use polystyrene, polystyrene foam or any other vapor-proof insulation, it is necessary to reliably protect the walls from moisture from the inside.

Therefore, it is more advisable to use mineral (basalt wool) for insulation. The only thing is that it must be front, i.e. have a density of at least 120 kg / m3.

The thickness of the slabs should be at least 50 mm, and it is better not to save money and use mineral wool 100 mm thick.

In addition to mineral wool for wet wall decoration, prepare the following materials:

• Adhesive composition for mineral wool;
• Reinforcement mesh;
• Disc dowels;
• Plaster corners;
• Decorative plaster, for example, bark beetle.

The finishing process includes several stages:

The work is performed in the following sequence:

Illustrations	Actions
	Bonding boards: Dissolve the adhesive in water according to the manufacturer's instructions; Apply glue to the back of the tiles in lumps; Glue the slab and level it. According to this scheme, paste over the entire first row; Place the second row with an offset according to the masonry principle. Also, tie the corners so that there is no straight seam line. Do not forget to clean and prime the walls before installing the boards.
	Installation of dowels.Position the dowels according to the diagram shown. Drive them so that the cap is slightly recessed into the plate. You can start installing the dowels only after the glue has dried.
	Preparation for plastering: Hammer in all the gaps between the plates with scraps of mineral wool; Glue aluminum corners to the outer corners.
	Plaster: Cut the mesh into canvases along the height of the walls; Prepare the glue with which you glued the plates; Apply glue to a small surface and attach a mesh; Iron the mesh with a spatula; After the surface has dried, apply another layer of glue no more than two to three millimeters thick. When doing this, level the surface with a wide trowel.
	Decorative plaster finishing: After the surface has dried, treat it with a facade primer. Apply the composition with a roller or brush; Dissolve the plaster mixture in water; Apply with a trowel and spread evenly over the surface in a thin layer; When the coating begins to dry, trowel it with a trowel.

Mineral wool can irritate the skin, so be sure to wear gloves before work.

I must say that walls can be clad not only with decorative plaster. Clinker or porcelain stoneware tiles will be held on the reinforced insulation. However, it makes little sense to glue it, since the plaster under the tiles will deteriorate much faster than the tiles themselves.

In addition, low-quality mineral wool under the weight of the tiles can begin to delaminate. Therefore, decorative plaster is the best optionand it is inexpensive.

Option 2: ventilated facade

To decorate the walls in this way, you will need the following materials:

• Facade panels. Their choice is simply huge - it can be vinyl, metal or fiber cement siding, corrugated board or sandwich wall panels;
• Wooden beam 50x50 or front metal profile;
• Minvata. Low density slabs can be used for a ventilated facade;
• Wooden slats;
• Wind-moisture protective membrane;
• Disc dowels;
• Dowel for foam concrete.

Facade cladding is carried out in several stages:

• Frame installation;
• Warming and moisture insulation;
• Facing with front panels.

So, let's move on to a step-by-step description of the process:

Illustrations	Actions
	Installation of the frame.Fasten the timber vertically to the wall. Position the racks so that they are vertically and in the same plane. Mount the racks using special chemical or mechanical dowels for aerated concrete. The step of the racks should leave 60 cm - this is standard width mineral slabs.
	Insulation and waterproofing: Fill the space between the posts with plates; To fix the insulation, “grab it with dowels; Fix the waterproof vapor-permeable membrane over the frame with a stapler. Place it on the frame with an overlap; On top of the membrane, nail wooden slats to the frame.
	Sheathing.Almost all facade panels are mounted according to the same scheme: The starting bar is installed below; Corner profiles are attached to the corners; Then the panels of the first row are connected to a lock with a starting bar and fixed on the frame with self-tapping screws; The panels of the second row are connected to the lock with the panels of the first row and are also fastened from above with self-tapping screws. You can learn more about the nuances of installing panels from the instructions from the manufacturer.

As you can see, the cladding is carried out quite quickly and easily.

Interior decoration

For interior decoration you can use ordinary plaster, for example, gypsum-lime. But, this method is old and well-known. Therefore, below I will talk about more modern technologies, such as:

• Frame plasterboard finishing;
• Frameless plasterboard finishing;
• Clapboard decoration.

Option 3: frame plasterboard finishing

Drywall has long been the most popular finishing material, as it allows you to quickly and easily level the surface of the walls and give them any shape. In addition, Drywall is a relatively cheap material. Thanks to a large assortment of types of gypsum boards, walls can be sheathed with them in any room, including those with high humidity.

Most often, drywall is attached to the frame. It is this technology that allows you to eliminate any unevenness and give the surface the desired shape.

To decorate the walls with plasterboard, you will need the following materials:

• CD and UD profiles, as well as straight hangers;
• Priming;
• Putty;
• Reinforcing tape, for example, serpyanka.

Installation of gypsum board in a frame method includes several stages:

Let's take a brief look at the nuances of installing gypsum board in a frame way:

Illustrations	Actions
	Markup: On the ceiling, opposite walls and the floor, the outline of the future wall should be marked; On the wall, which will be sheathed with gypsum board, you should draw lines,
	Assembling the frame: Fix UD profiles on the floor and ceiling; On the wall along the drawn lines, fix straight hangers with a pitch of 50 mm. To fix the suspensions, use special dowels for foam concrete walls; Insert the posts into the guides, place them opposite the drawn lines and fix with self-tapping screws in the hangers.
	GKL fastening.Attach the drywall sheets to the frame with self-tapping screws, screwing them in in 25 cm increments. Slightly sink the screw caps.
	Finishing: Prime the surface with acrylic primer; Cut off the chamfers from the edges of the sheets and stick the serpyanka on the joints; Fill the joints with putty and, after hardening, clean with a spatula; Cover the caps of the self-tapping screws with putty; Cover the entire wall surface with putty and then sand. How to putty properly you can learn from other articles on our portal.

Option 4: plasterboard finishing with a frame method

If the surface of the walls is relatively flat, it is often impractical to make a frame, since it takes a long time, and also reduces the usable space of the room. Therefore, drywall is mounted in a frameless way.

To perform this operation, in addition to gypsum plasterboard, you will need gypsum glue, as well as a primer. The process of installing drywall is quite simple:

Illustrations	Actions
	Surface preparation: If there is an old peeling coating on the walls, it must be removed; Ground the surface in two passes with interlayer drying.
	Bonding: Seal the glue in water according to the instructions on the package; Apply glue to a sheet of drywall (you can treat the entire surface or apply glue with "blobs") and attach it to the wall; Align the sheet, checking its position with the rule and level; Paste over all the walls using this scheme.

GKL finishing is carried out according to the scheme described above.

Option 5: lining

For finishing a bathhouse, as well as rooms with high humidity, for example, a bathroom, optimal solution is clapboard wall cladding. Moreover, the lining can be not only wooden.

Recently, PVC lining has been very popular, which can imitate wood, marble or even tile.

The lining installation process includes several stages:

Installation of PVC lining is carried out as follows:

Illustrations	Actions
	Installation of battens... The battens of the battens should be fixed perpendicular to the location of the lining. If the panels are to be mounted vertically, fasten the battens horizontally. The spacing of the slats should be about 50 cm.
	Installation of guides: Secure the U-shaped guides with a stapler along the perimeter of the walls; Secure the corner guides.
	Panel mounting: Insert the first panel with a tongue into the guide; Screw the self-tapping screws into the bottom wall of the groove; Connect the second panel with the first into the lock and also fix it with self-tapping screws from the side of the groove. Thus, sheathe the entire wall; Cut the penultimate panel in width from the side of the groove, connect with the penultimate one and tuck into the guide bar.

Roughly the same scheme is mounted wooden lining, the only thing is that there are no guides for it. Therefore, in the corner from the side of the tongue, it is fastened with nails or self-tapping screws. Subsequently, the joints in the corners are closed with decorative wooden corners, which are attached with hairpins or studs without hats.

Conclusion

Now you know how and how to properly and beautifully decorate the walls of foam concrete blocks. If you have any difficulties, ask questions in the comments, and I will gladly answer you.

Foam concrete buildings have their own specifics finishing worksdue to the low moisture resistance of the material. In this regard, the interior decoration of a foam block house should include high-quality vapor barrier of the enclosing structures. It is advisable to carry out the external thermal insulation of the building, but in some cases it is necessary to arrange it inside the house, or one should start with the insulation of the walls.

Bung

This material is produced in the form of plates or in rolls. Cork is and finishing, therefore, high demands are placed on the preparation of wall surfaces. The substrate must be dry and clean, free from defects, well-plastered. Before starting the insulation of the house, the cork must be kept unpacked for 24 hours at room temperature. The walls are treated with a deep penetration primer, after which insulation is glued to them with the help of special glue. The average cost of 1 square meter of cork is about 1,200 rubles.

Penofol

It is made of foamed polyethylene, covered with aluminum foil on both sides. Penofol is attached to special bars mounted on the walls. To exclude gaps, the slabs are laid tightly butt-to-end, the seams are sealed with aluminum tape. Then the interior cosmetic finishing with clapboard or drywall is performed. Insulation of foam block walls from the inside with penofol makes it possible to maintain up to 97% of heat in the premises. Such insulation costs 25-35 rubles. for 1 sq.m.

Variety of interior decoration solutions

For walls from the inside in buildings made of foam concrete, the most popular design options are plastering followed by painting or wallpapering, plasterboard cladding, clapboard cladding and various decorative panels. Each of these methods has its own specifics of execution.

Plaster for finishing works

For foam concrete walls, it is recommended to choose breathable gypsum-based waterproofing compounds. Plaster interior walls will be more reliable when applying mesh. The thickness of the finishing layer from the inside of the house should be twice that of the outside. On top of the plaster, you can use acrylic paints or moisture-permeable wallpaper. A package (30 kg) of dry mix will cost about 200 rubles. This amount of material is sufficient for leveling 3 sq.m. a layer 1 cm thick.

• Before applying the solution, the walls must be abundantly moistened.
• The first layer is made of a water-cement mixture, the consistency of sour cream.
• The plaster is applied until the first mortar has dried.
• The works are carried out in small areas.
• When preparing the surface for wallpaper, the hardening solution is carefully processed with a trowel and a sponge float.
• If you plan to paint the walls, a day after plastering, they are smoothed with a slicker, abundantly moistened with water.
• It is possible to give the surface structure before painting - the not dried solution is treated with a hard brush, comb-type spatula or a relief roller, creating a variety of stains and patterns.

Plasterboard structures

The use of drywall on the frame provides ventilation of the wall surface. The interior decoration of a house made of foam concrete in this way has its own specifics:

1. A vapor barrier device is required using membranes that are mounted in the air gap between the drywall and the wall. For unhindered air circulation, it must be at least 5 cm.
2. Additional insulation from the inside slightly reduces the area of \u200b\u200bthe premises.
3. For the installation of the frame to the blocks, it must be used for foam concrete.
4. A moisture-resistant drywall is provided for the bathroom.

The price of 1 square meter of drywall is 100 rubles, and 1 running meter frame profile - 30.

Sheathing foam blocks with wooden clapboard

The technology of such finishing in eco-style consists in the installation of lining pre-treated with an antiseptic on a lathing made of bars. Today, the lining is fastened with special clamps, which imperceptibly and firmly fix the sheathing on the frame. Insulation is laid between the lining and the wall and a vapor barrier is arranged. During the finishing process, it is necessary to provide for the laying of electrical wiring.

To improve the safety and decorative qualities of the cladding, it can be varnished or impregnated after installation. Wall decoration from foam blocks inside is possible with similar modern materials - block house and euro lining. The price of the material varies, depending on the type of wood and the class of the product, from 140 to 800 rubles per 1 m 2.

Decorative MDF panels

When choosing how to sheathe the foam block from the inside, attention should be paid to such characteristics of the material as attractive appearance, durability, ease of installation. Often, cottage owners prefer MDF panels, which also have excellent sound and heat insulation performance. They are easy to care for, do not fade or absorb dirt. If you want to change the design of the room or damage part of the decoration, MDF panels can be easily dismantled and replaced. For work, you will need a plumbing square, a plumb line, a level, a tape measure, a drill with nozzles and a jigsaw. The cost of m 2 MDF panels is about 200 rubles.

The porous structure of the material determines its low density, which makes the use of conventional fasteners for finishing work useless. For the same reason, it is almost impossible to use without reinforcement conventional plasters... Such features, which the interior of the foam block has, require special technologies, which significantly increases the cost of finishing.

Interior decoration of a house from foam blocks is not easy decorative design the interior of the room, but an urgent need, taking into account the specifics of this building material. The use of foam concrete elements in the masonry of the walls of structures for various purposes has quite reasonably gained wide popularity, which is facilitated by their many advantages. However, walls made of foam blocks need mandatory two-sided protection, which must be taken into account during construction. In general, interior decoration has its own specifics, but in many respects it is similar to working with other materials. It is quite possible to do it yourself.

Features of finishing foam concrete blocks in the premises

The widespread use of the construction of houses from foam blocks is due to their advantages over other building materials:

• significant block sizes, which makes laying easier and faster;
• small specific gravity, which makes it possible to increase the dimensions of such elements;
• sufficiently high mechanical strength;
• high thermal insulation and soundproofing properties;
• resistance to temperatures in a wide range;
• incombustibility;
• harmless to the human body;
• ease of processing with hand tools.

Houses from a foam block have such an important advantage as the ability of walls to "breathe", that is, air can penetrate through foamed concrete.

Why is interior wall decoration made of foam blocks so necessary? The point is that most positive qualities caused by the presence of a porous structure. When moisture accumulates in internal inclusions, the material loses its thermal insulation properties. There is a risk of starting the cracking process. At the same time, foam concrete is quite hygroscopic, and moisture easily penetrates into the material. In addition, one should take into account such a circumstance as the appearance of condensation. Steam easily passes through the foam blocks, and when it meets the colder outer surface of the wall, it condenses. The resulting moisture gradually accumulates inside the material, destroying it. Thus, walls made of foam blocks require waterproofing both from the outside of the house and inside the premises.

Required tools

When carrying out interior decoration of walls from foam blocks, you should prepare the following tool in advance:

• electric drill;
• screwdriver;
• paint brush;
• paint roller;
• putty knife;
• master OK;
• construction mixer for solution preparation;
• a hammer;
• mallet;
• scissors;
• hacksaw for metal;
• building level;
• roulette;
• metal ruler.

Finishing principles

Do-it-yourself wall decoration from foam blocks has its own specifics. First of all, it should be borne in mind that the smooth surface of the elements and the composition of foam concrete do not allow the use of ordinary cement-sand mortars, which do not have reliable adhesion to the material in question. To ensure good adhesion, special primers are applied specifically for these purposes. Such agents are able to penetrate 3-4 mm deep into the foam concrete, which improves adhesion and reduces hygroscopicity.

The quality of finishing work largely depends on the correct implementation of the masonry blocks during the construction of the walls. If special glue was used during the construction of the walls, then the interblock joints have a width of no more than 2-3 mm, which provides a sufficiently smooth wall surface that facilitates the application of a protective coating. In addition, during laying, the walls are necessarily reinforced with reinforcing belts every 4-5 rows of foam blocks, which is necessary for the strength of the structure and the elimination of shrinkage phenomena. If the reinforcement is not made, then during operation the shrinkage of the blocks will lead to cracking of the outer and inner protective layers.

When carrying out measures to protect the walls, the internal finishing of the foam blocks is first carried out, and only then the work is carried out from the outside. All finishing work should be done in warm, dry weather during the summer months. This is important so that the wall can dry well after interior decoration, that is, before it is completely insulated with external waterproofing. In winter, moisture in the pores can freeze, which means it can be conserved inside the material.

What is the interior finishing of foam blocks? Correctly finishing walls from foam blocks is possible only by ensuring reliable protection from moisture penetration. To do this, before starting to decorate the room with a topcoat, it is necessary to perform some mandatory work to level the surface, ensure adhesion and protect the foamed concrete.

Protective-leveling coatings are provided in several layers. First, the surface is primed with a special compound designed specifically for foam concrete. A mandatory element of interior decoration is the imposition of a vapor barrier to prevent the appearance of condensation. It should be borne in mind that steam occurs in any living space and not only in the bathroom or in the kitchen. With his breath, a person ensures its presence in the room. Of modern steam insulators, it is especially necessary to note penofol, which is a roll material made of foamed polyethylene, which is covered with aluminum foil on both sides.

Further finishing construction depends on the option chosen. The most common methods are the following:

• installation of drywall or chipboard with subsequent decorative cladding;
• plastering the wall for painting or whitewashing;
• wallpaper;
• lining with clapboard or other wood finishing materials.

Leveling walls with plaster mortar

Any variant of wall cladding inside the premises first of all needs to provide a flat surface, which is especially important in block construction. Leveling the surface is carried out by plaster. Such work is carried out in the following order:

1. Surface preparation. This preliminary procedure includes thorough cleaning of the wall from dirt, adhering mortar, grease and oil stains. If there are major defects, they must be repaired.
2. Primer. Special composition applied with a paint brush or roller in a thin layer over the entire wall surface. It is important that it penetrates inside the foam blocks to a depth of about 3-5 mm. Wide seams between the blocks are treated with adhesive.
3. Installation of the mesh. After the primer has completely solidified, the entire wall surface of foam blocks is covered with an assembly mesh. The most commonly used mesh is fiberglass. This element strengthens the finish and, most importantly, ensures the adhesion of the plaster.
4. Plastering. The task of this operation is to perfectly level the surface. For plastering, it is recommended to use ready-made dry mixes for internal works based on gypsum or cement. Often, masters use their own sand-cement mortar. In this case, they usually adhere to a 3: 1 ratio. The plastering technology depends on the subsequent facing. So, when preparing a wall for laying tiles, plaster in one layer is considered sufficient. If painting or wallpapering is planned, then we recommend a two-layer plaster with an outer, finishing layer that provides an ideal surface. In this case, the first layer (main) has a thickness of 2-3 cm, and the leveling, top layer is 10-12 mm.

Surface painting

After careful alignment of the foam block wall, the room can be decorated by painting it. This operation is carried out on plaster, and therefore differs little from similar finishing works with other building materials used. However, one nuance should be noted: acrylic-type paints are undesirable for foamed concrete, since they exclude the presence of a "breathing" effect. When painting foam concrete, it is considered optimal to use paints on a silicate or silicone base.

Recently, the loft style is in vogue in interior design. In that original interior visibility of the wall is needed. In order to provide this effect, preparatory work are limited only to a primer, and it is applied without hiding the masonry structure. Accuracy of design is ensured by preliminary sanding of foam blocks. To enhance the security of the wall, it must be coated with an impregnating compound with hydrophobic properties.

Plasterboard finishing

Finishing indoor spaces drywall is one of the most common options. With this finish, you can use any thermal and vapor barrier materials, as well as additional waterproofing. The technology is based on wall cladding with sheets of drywall on a crate of wooden beams or metal profile... As a rule, the frame is made by fixing vertical elements with a step of 45-55 cm. If necessary, they are reinforced with horizontal bridges.

Plasterboard installation works are carried out in the following order:

1. The preparatory stage, including a primer and one-layer plaster.
2. Installation of vertical lathing elements. For this, a U-shaped aluminum profile is used or wooden bar size 20x40 or 40x40 mm. Fastening is provided with self-tapping screws.
3. The imposition of hydro, heat and vapor insulation. First, a waterproofing made of a thick polyethylene film or roofing material is attached between the posts of the crate. Then, if necessary, a layer of thermal insulation is applied from mineral wool, expanded polystyrene or other materials. At the end, the protective layers are covered with a vapor barrier, while the foil layer must remain outside. Fastening of protective materials is provided with dowels, self-tapping screws or using an adhesive. It must be borne in mind that the gap between these layers and the elements of the sheathing is unacceptable.
4. Plasterboard sheets are fixed to the crate with screws or self-tapping screws for metal. To avoid material damage, holes are pre-drilled in the attachment points. Screw caps must be recessed. When fixing the sheets, it is necessary to provide a ventilation gap between the vapor barrier and drywall.
5. The final decoration of the walls using plasterboard is carried out using standard technology.

Foam blocks are widely used in the construction of houses, due to their numerous positive properties... However, this material requires reliable protection from moisture, which is provided by wall decoration both outside and inside the room. With the correct work, the foam blocks will serve for many years without requiring major repairs.

The foam block is convenient in construction as it has a low weight, but at the same time sufficient dimensions for the rapid construction of residential buildings. The material has a porous structure, therefore it is fast and absorbs moisture from the environment. This means that it is imperative to clad walls from a foam block.

It is a porous material. This structure is both an advantage and a disadvantage at the same time. Let's see why this is so. Let's start with the positives:

• The air in the body of the foam block helps to remove vapors from the interior. This allows you to create a comfortable microclimate in the rooms.
• Low rates of thermal conductivity - heat is retained. If the house was built in warm regions, then often it is not necessary to additionally insulate it. Walls made of foam blocks will save heat for a comfortable stay in the room.
• The low weight of the overall structure does not require a strong foundation, which means that the costs of its construction will be lower. But here you need to be careful. The type of cladding is determined in advance to add strength to the foundation if necessary.

Now let's get down to the negative aspects that the same porosity provokes. There are not so many of them, but you still need to be ready for this. The material absorbs quickly and a lot of moisture from the environment. In summer, such a condition will not bring much harm, but in late autumn or winter the situation is much more complicated.

Moisture penetrates the pores and freezes when the ambient temperature drops to negative values. Then ice forms, which destroys the foam block from the inside. Thus, structural strength is lost.

In addition, the material does not have special strength properties. It is easily damaged by impact. Because the walls are built from this building material require protection. Having familiarized yourself with the features of foam blocks, the question arises, what should be the facing in order to reliably protect it from the negative effects of the environment.

The finish must have the following characteristics:

1. The vapor transmission capacity is at the same level as that of the foam block, or better, higher.
2. Moisture repellent properties.
3. High strength.
4. Resistant to sudden surges temperature regimes, and especially to indicators below zero.
5. Long service life.

Of course, in order to reliably protect the foam block from moisture, it is not enough just to choose the right material for finishing and install everything with high quality. The following still needs to be done:

• Correctly design the roof.
• Arrange a drainage system for rain and melt water.
• Set the ebb over window openings and base.
• Make a blind area around the house.

Materials for exterior decoration, the better to sheathe the walls from the outside?

Since the construction market offers a huge selection of claddings, then choose suitable option for sheathing the foam block from the outside is not difficult. There are several popular ways to decorate such a facade. Each of them has its pros and cons, therefore, before dwelling on a specific option, you should familiarize yourself with all available ones.

Ventilated facades

This method is suitable for a foam block house. When arranging a ventilated facade, a gap remains between the wall and the cladding in which air circulates calmly, and at the same time removes excess moisture. The main thing is to build the correct frame and leave the necessary space for ventilation.

In this case, you can also. The heat-insulating material is chosen one that is able to pass a sufficient amount of steam from the interior. As decorative cladding use:

1. professional flooring;
2. siding;
3. fiber cement slabs.

Cassette curtain facade

it metal structure, which is made of aluminum or thin galvanized steel. Buying such a structure, a person receives everything necessary for installation, except for profiles for arranging the frame.

In addition, the kit also includes detailed installation instructions. Before starting the process, be sure to read carefully and note the most important points, without which the installation will not become of high quality.

This finish is most commonly found in commercial multi-storey buildings or industrial structures. In private construction, metal cassettes are used, but they are rarely chosen for facing houses. The main reason is the high cost of finishing materials.

The use of corrugated board for finishing the facades of buildings

Galvanized steel is used to create this material. The sheet has a special shape that gives it strength. Rectangular corrugated board covered with waves. Wave height maybe starts at 8 mm. This value indicates the strength of the material.

Previously, the profiled sheet was used only for the roof of the roof, since it did not have any special decorative properties. They are now producing a coated material that simulates and brickworkand a natural stone, and even a tree. Therefore, corrugated board is increasingly found on the facades of various buildings.

Let's consider its advantages:

• Creates an obstacle to the penetration of moisture to the foam block or insulation.
• Resistant to low temperatures.
• The installation process is simple and even a beginner can do it.
• Polymeric decorative coating reliably protects metal from corrosion.
• Fire safety.
• Easy maintenance.

You need to be prepared for what the material has and its disadvantages:

1. If you need to cut the material, then you should not use a grinder. Sparks that fly off during the sizing process damage the polymer coating and leave corrosive islands.
2. High noise level in rainy weather. Drops falling on metal from a great height create sounds that disturb the inhabitants of the house.

Using vinyl siding for cladding homes

Plastic finish belongs to the category budget options... Manufacturers create options with a different structure that imitate wood species, and the coloring components allow you to make facing in different shades.

The indisputable advantages of such material are:

• Low weight.
• Simple and quick installation.
• Moisture repellent properties.
• Biological inertness - mold, fungi and bacteria do not settle on vinyl siding.
• Good tolerance to changes in ambient temperature.
• Unpretentious care.

There are also some disadvantages:

1. Linear changes in the dimensions of the panels during heating and cooling. If this is not taken into account during the installation process, the siding will deteriorate irretrievably at the first jump in temperature.
2. Some unscrupulous manufacturers use bad dyes that are quickly destroyed by ultraviolet radiation. This means that finishing loses its attractiveness and it is necessary to sheathe the house again.
3. Low level fire safety... Although vinyl does not support combustion, it will high temperatures melt with the release of acrid smoke. If there is an open source of fire somewhere nearby, the lining will be damaged.

Fiber cement boards

This modern material are made of high quality concrete with the addition of cellulose. Thanks to such an additive, the cladding becomes a little lighter, and at the same time stronger. By appearance Fiber cement slabs resemble brick or tile masonry.

The material has the following characteristics:

• Low weight.
• Fire safety.
• Long service life.
• UV and low temperature resistant.
• Affordable cost.

As for the disadvantages, that is, they have fiber cement plates:

1. Complex installation that requires professional skills or the involvement of additional workers.
2. The material absorbs moisture from the environment. To eliminate this disadvantage, after installation, the skin is coated with a hydrophobic compound.

Use of facing bricks

In order to protect the foam block structure from external influences, they use a hedgehog brickwork. This type of cladding is included in the project. Of facing material an additional wall is erected at a distance of 5 cm from the main one. To sheathe a house with bricks, it is necessary that the foundation is designed for such a finish.

To make the structure strong and reliable, the main and facing walls are ligated. Suitable for this:

• Metal rods.
• Stainless tape for a bandage.
• Basalt plastic for flexible connections.
• Nails for cellular materials.

In the bottom row and under the eaves, empty vertical seams are left in the masonry, which will serve as ventilation holes. Such vents will allow vapors from the interior spaces to leave the ventilation space without restrictions.

Consider the benefits of brickwork:

1. It reliably protects the foam block from the effects of atmospheric precipitation, which means it increases the service life of the main structure.
2. Withstands negative temperatures.
3. Fire safety.
4. High strength indicators.
5. Insulation can be placed in the gap between the wall and the cladding.
6. Does not require maintenance during operation.
7. Serves for a long time.

There are several disadvantages:

• The complexity of styling. They constantly monitor whether the wall is level with the help of a building level.
• You need to be able to work with the solution.
• Whitish spots sometimes appear on poor-quality brick - efflorescence.
• High cost of facing material.

Facade tiles

You can decorate the walls of the foam block with tiles for the facade. One of the following will do:

1. clinker;
2. porcelain stoneware;
3. ceramic frost-resistant.

All kinds facade tiles have the following positive aspects:

• They are not wetted with water, which means they are able to reliably protect the foam block from moisture.
• Resistant to any temperature fluctuations.
• Has mechanical strength.
• Light weight, which allows installation on walls with low strength.

There are also negative points:

1. For installation, a flat surface is required, therefore, first, the wall is leveled with rough plastering.
2. The tile does not allow steam to pass through, which leads to the accumulation of condensation inside the premises.
3. There are high cost options.

Wall decoration with stone

Stone decoration looks expensive and attractive in any century and today it has not lost its relevance. The material is durable and reliable, it will well protect the foam block from moisture, low temperatures, mechanical damage, ultraviolet radiation and other negative influences.

But several disadvantages, very significant, scare off most private developers:

• Heavy weight - requires a large and solid foundation.
• High price. This is not only the material, but also the execution of the work.
• Difficulty in laying - especially if a wild stone with rough edges is chosen. Installation requires skills, so it will be very difficult to cope on your own.

Plastering walls with subsequent painting

If option c is selected, then only those mixtures are selected that form a breathable layer. At the same time, such a finish should protect the foam block from the effects of atmospheric moisture. Modern plaster mixes have the necessary properties, so they can be safely used for porous materials.

The main advantages of this finish are:

1. Repels moisture.
2. Possesses the required strength.
3. Permits steam from the interior.
4. Affordable cost.
5. Decorative plaster allows you to create an original facade.

Among the shortcomings are noted:

• For self-application, you must have minimal skills in this area.
• A difficult and lengthy process.
• Short service life up to 10 years.
• If you do not adhere to the technology, the applied layer may fall off even before it dries.

If you buy an unpainted mixture, be sure to take care of facade paint... It is selected for the composition of the plaster. This is a very important point, because the paint can lay poorly and the facade will not look attractive. Usually paint material applied in 2, and sometimes 3 layers, therefore they buy with a margin.

Materials for interior decoration

When choosing options for interior wall decoration, they focus on vapor permeability and moisture-repelling properties. From the side of the premises, the foam block is also susceptible to negative influences. For interior cladding, choose:

1. Plaster - will help level the surface, release steam outside, keep the foam block dry, even if the wall is poured with a hose. For strength, a reinforcing mesh is used. In the future, the plaster is decorated with wallpaper or paint.
2. Wooden lining. As you know, the tree perfectly lets steam through and at the same time can protect outer wall... The main disadvantage is the need to regularly renew the protective layer of varnish or paint. The lining is installed on the frame, which makes it possible to make an additional ventilated gap for the removal of vapors.
3. Drywall - also a good option for leveling internal walls, especially if complex structures are planned. I mount a sticker material or a frame, depending on what kind of work is planned to be done next. After installation, drywall is putty and painted or decorated with wallpaper.

The foam block is an excellent material for the quick construction of residential buildings, but at the same time it requires a protective coating. If this is not done, then after a decade the walls will begin to collapse, and reinforcing them is much more difficult and expensive than taking care of high-quality cladding at the beginning.