Decorative plaster. Advantages and disadvantages. Gypsum plaster: advantages and rules of use Disadvantages of decorative plaster

Among professional builders, disputes about which is better - a machine or hand plaster... Finishers working with plastering stations see only advantages in the mechanical (mechanized) application of a layer of plaster. The old-fashioned plasterers present their arguments. It is very difficult for the customer to understand this controversy.

What is the difference between machine applied plaster from manual labor? The widespread automation and mechanization of production processes did not bypass the plastering work. The plastering station took over the physical labor of applying the mortar.

For work, water is poured into it and a dry plaster mixture is poured. Special augers wipe dry components well and feed them into a mixing vessel, from where, under high pressure through the sleeve and mortar gun, the mixture is fed to the wall.

To prevent the solution from sticking to the working surfaces of the machine (the walls of the tank and the sleeve), special additives are added to it. The station operates only on dry mixes of factory preparation. In the premises, gypsum plaster is used, outside there are cement-sand mixtures.

This distribution is understandable:

Plaster, where one of the components is gypsum, is not used outdoors;
Cement-sand mixtures are much heavier than gypsum solutions. Therefore, it is much more difficult for a plastering machine to work with them, as a result of which the plaster feed rate drops by 1.5-2 times.

At the same time, the wear of the augers increases, the replacement of which results in significant amounts. Naturally, no one in the room will plaster with cement mortar.

Advantages and disadvantages of machine plaster

Craftsmen working at plastering stations usually note only positive aspects in mechanized application of mortar:

Lack of heavy physical labor;
The speed of work execution increases 3-4 times;
Materials for machine application of plaster are cheaper than similar mixtures for manual work;
Consumption of materials is less than when plastering by hand;
The cost of the work itself is almost two times lower (from 220 rubles / m2 when working with the station and 550 rubles / m2 when applying 3 layers with a trowel);
The quality of work is higher:

the mixture is supplied under high pressure, which contributes to better adhesion of the plaster to the wall;
the plaster solution is more homogeneous in composition, as it is ground by two screws, as a result of which the surface of the plaster practically does not crack;
errors in the preparation of the mixture are excluded - its consistency is included in the station by the program.

Professionals do not see any drawbacks. In their opinion, the question - “which plaster is better, manual or mechanized” - should not be on the agenda at all.

However, if you carefully study the technology of the plaster station, you can find both direct and relative disadvantages:

A high noise level, which excludes work at night, is a relative disadvantage, since during the day the neighbors will understand and tolerate;
Work on three-phase current (available only in apartments with electric stoves);
Long period of plaster drying - 7-8 days;
A lot of time for maintenance of the station at the beginning and end of the shift, which will certainly be reflected in the price of work with different amounts of plaster (preparation of the station for work according to the regulations should last 2 hours and another 2 hours is spent on cleaning the equipment after its completion)
It is impossible to plaster the walls in the bathroom and in the kitchen under the tiles with plaster. Manufacturers of dry mortars write on the packaging that the mixtures can be applied to walls in damp rooms, including the bathroom. But nowhere is it indicated that tiles can be laid on such a plaster. Practice shows that it breaks and falls behind on gypsum plaster. The plasterers of the machine station completed the work and left, and what happened to the tiles later, they may not know;
Mandatory installation of plaster corners during inner corners, which increases the cost of work.

Which is better, machine or hand plaster

The above advantages of mechanical plaster seem to be unequivocally and unconditionally buried old method plasters - manual. However, in order to understand not biased, which plaster is better, machine or manual, it is necessary to carry out comparative analysis... Only then can you see the difference between these methods.

Since here we are talking about individual customers, we will simultaneously consider an individual house and an apartment, that is, orders for works from 50 m 2 to 250 m 2.

For the price, dry mix for plastering stations is cheaper than similar for work with a trowel. Sounds convincing and at the same time corresponds to the truth. But who said that gypsum-based mixtures will be used for manual plastering? They are very inconvenient to work with and financially costly. The use of cement, sand and concrete mixer leads to the fact that materials for manual work cost 2-3 times less. And the thicker the plaster layer, the more noticeable the difference.
Indeed, when using a dry solution during the operation of a machine station, 3 kg of plaster are saved per 1 m 2 (consumption 13 kg versus 16 kg, respectively). But when replacing it with cement-sand plaster, this advantage disappears due to the low price of the plaster mixture.
The quality of work is higher. The difference between machine plaster and manual plaster, in the field of plaster quality, is imaginary. Subject to technology, there is no difference in quality. The problem of more intense surface cracking in cement plaster is solved by using fiberglass fibers. Its use more effectively keeps the plaster layer from shrinking and cracking than in a gypsum solution applied mechanized way.
Only by hand you can plaster the bathroom and toilet because of the plaster solution. The best option is to entrust these works to the tiler, so that there are no problems with the quality of the laid tiles later - they will not shift the blame on each other.

As you can see, the advantages of plastering stations have not yet been discovered. Perhaps they are in the cost of the work, which is often the decisive argument.

Which is cheaper

Prices for machine plastering work start from 220 rubles / m2 (data for St. Petersburg), with manual plastering - from 250-300 rubles / m2 for the first layer due to the need for preparatory work and about 550 rubles / m2 when applying 3 layers.

At first glance, everything is obvious here. But it's not that simple. If everything is clear with the price tag of plasterers with a trowel, then on the other side it is formed on the basis of many factors.

1. The indicated price is applied for the volume of works from 2000 m 2 and more. With a decrease in volume, the cost of plastering increases. The customer may object - the machine station will complete the work in 5-6 hours. I will pay for them and I will win. But important points are omitted here:

It takes time to prepare the surface and install the beacons. They will be included in the price;
There are unplastered slopes - they are made only by hand. They are not and cannot be in the price list. It will not work to invite to these works from outside - professionals always refuse, since there is a lot of trouble, but little money. Masters of mechanized plastering take 1.5-2 times more for such work, since their work is generally appreciated much higher;
The price includes the time of moving, preparing the station for work, washing it at the end of the shift. These amounts are significant, while being fixed. It is one thing to divide tens of thousands of rubles by 2,000 m 2, and another, by 50-250 m 2.

2. The price for work does not include the cost of electricity. The landlord will have to pay.

3. Another feature of machine plaster - the price does not include work on the installation of plaster corners. They are paid separately.

In order to fully understand what is better - mechanized or manual plastering of walls, we will carry out an enlarged calculation of the cost of work per 100 m 2 of the wall.

Machine plaster:

price - 350 rubles / m 2;
layer thickness 1 cm;
consumption rate of dry plaster per 1 m 2 - 13 kg;
the price of plaster is 410 rubles / bag ("Volma", 25 kg) or 16.4 rubles / kg.

The cost of materials will be 42 640 rubles. Salary - 35,000. For simplicity of calculations, we will not take into account the remaining costs. In total, 77 640 rubles will have to be paid from the family budget.

When working manually, you will need:

cement M400 - 350 kg (14 bags weighing 25 kg at a price of 235 rubles / pack) in the amount of 3,290 rubles;
fine sand - 1,500 kg for the amount of 3,000 rubles. (30 bags weighing 50 kg at a price of 100 rubles per package);
delivery with the rise to the apartment - 4,000 rubles;
fiberglass fiber - 200 rubles.

Note: Cement prices can vary significantly depending on the manufacturer. For calculations, Portland cement was selected from the middle price category. There is cement and 135 rubles / bag.

In total, it is necessary to purchase building materials in the amount of 10,490 rubles. The salary will be 55,000 rubles. (100 m 2 x 550 rubles / m 2). The total cost of plastering work is 65,490 rubles.

Calculations without words show the advantages and disadvantages of each type of plastering work.

Conclusion

The above arguments say that a private customer has only one choice: cement, sand, concrete mixer.

Gypsum plaster is a versatile material for covering walls and ceiling structures in residential buildings and industrial buildings. The advantage is that gypsum plaster, if necessary, is laid in a thick layer, this is what makes it possible to perfectly hide noticeable surface defects.

Gypsum plaster has excellent adhesion, adheres well to any building material... Either brickwork or concrete wall... A distinctive characteristic of gypsum plaster is its high vapor permeability. Gypsum plaster is capable of absorbing excess moisture from the air masses of the room, and dries quickly when the temperature rises.

Smooth smooth walls are an indicator of perfectly executed renovation works... Plaster is the easiest and fastest way to correct all the defects, to make the surfaces even and smooth. Gypsum plaster for this business is ideal.

What surfaces is gypsum plaster suitable for?

Gypsum-based plaster is used for surface finishing primarily in residential premises. In general, this can be any room with an optimal humidity level. You can choose gypsum plaster for walls from:

Concrete;
Gas, expanded clay, foam concrete;
Clays;
Bricks;
Cement.

Also, gypsum plaster is applied to the outdated layer of the plastered surface, if the old one is firmly attached to the wall. It must be borne in mind that gypsum absorbs water. That is why gypsum plaster is used exclusively inside dry rooms. In particular, it is suitable for preparatory stage works. When further painting or gluing is planned.

Gypsum plaster can be purchased as:

Base mixture;
Decorative;
Fine-grained;
Prepared solution.

Gypsum plaster composition and characteristics

It is clear directly from the name, the basic "ingredient" in the composition of the variety of this plaster is gypsum. Gypsum is a calcium hydrate crushed into fine chips, which is obtained after heating the gypsum stone. Sometimes, depending on the manufacturer, the gypsum mass may contain:

Retarders;
Components for increasing strength;
Plasticizers;
Additives. They make the surface whiter. Salt of various metals or lime can be used as additives;
Various additives to help control thickening time and hardening duration
Specialized fillers. They reduce the weight and increase the thermal insulation properties of the gypsum plaster.

Gypsum plaster is an extremely clean, from an environmental point of view, finishing material. It poses absolutely no danger to humans. And even more. Due to its structure, gypsum plaster, as a finishing material, may well absorb excess moisture or give it away. Due to this, the microclimate of the room is always at an optimal level.

In addition to traditional gypsum plaster, Gypsum polymer is found on the market. This is a separate type of the considered finishing material. Gypsum polymer is used mainly in the event that it becomes necessary to level walls or ceilings made of concrete or brick. Gypsum-polymer-based compounds with reinforcing characteristics can sometimes be used for exterior decoration of buildings.

Bad and good qualities of gypsum plaster

The biggest disadvantage of gypsum plaster is its low resistance to moisture and an equally low level of strength. A wall lined with plaster is not very resistant to external influences. Such plaster can be easily scratched or even cracked. On top of that, gypsum plaster is definitely more expensive than.

Not too significant disadvantages pale in front of the advantages of gypsum plaster:

Does not shrink, unlike the same cement;
It is permissible to lay it in a thickened layer, without an auxiliary mesh;
Provides a good connection to the wall or ceiling. I must say that plaster-based plaster adheres to the wall several times better than cement. Due to this, it is permissible not to use the auxiliary mesh;
It is lightweight;
Gypsum plaster is very plastic, and therefore it is much easier to work with it than with other varieties of this material;
The gypsum-finished surface provides excellent sound and thermal insulation. It's much better than just concrete;
A wall covered with gypsum plaster will not be porous or cracked;
This variation is more economical. For comparison, the consumption of gypsum plaster for square meter surface is nine to ten kilograms. Cement plaster - sixteen to eighteen kilograms;
The complexity of the process is small.

How to properly prepare a gypsum plaster solution

To prepare a gypsum mixture, the dry mixture must be poured into a previously prepared container with water - preferably a plastic one. About seven hundred milliliters of liquid are needed per kilogram of the mixture. Usually there are 30 kilos of dry mixture in a bag, 18 liters of water are needed per bag.

Mixing can be done with a trowel. It is easier to stir by adding the mixture in portions. If the volume of work is large, it will be more convenient and faster to stir everything with a construction mixer or a drill with an appropriate attachment.

After mixing, the solution must be left alone for five minutes, and then mixed thoroughly so that no lumps remain. The finished solution should be plastic and viscous. At the same time, it is quite thick. It should not drain and the tool used for mixing. You have about 20-25 minutes to develop a gypsum plaster solution, then it will simply harden.

Components-plasticizers

Manufacturers of gypsum plaster strongly advise against adding unregulated additives to the prepared mixtures. Excess plasticizers can have a significant impact on the strength and integrity of the finished surface.

However, you can try to make the plaster mix at home using plaster of paris as a base. But it should be borne in mind that gypsum reacts very quickly to water, and therefore the plaster hardens quickly enough.

If you want the gypsum plaster solution not to harden too quickly, you can add one of the following plasticizer components to it:

Lime;
Acids - tartaric or citric;
Diluted PVA glue, approximately 1% of the total mixture.

Use in rooms with high humidity or for facades

It is not necessary to plaster the surface in which there are remnants of fasteners, screws or nails. Any metal elements must be removed. The fact is that absorbed moisture will interact and contribute to corrosive processes. As a result, you will find rust stains on new walls.

If such a need nevertheless arises, it is possible to increase the resistance of gypsum plaster to moisture. For this, the already applied plaster must be covered with a special acrylic primer.

Polymer mastic of a hydro-resistant type will also provide good protection against moisture. It must be applied to completely dry plaster with a roller or brush. For reliability, do not limit yourself to one layer.

Each new layer must be applied when the last one has dried. If the gypsum plaster is planned to be finished with ceramic tiles, then the ceramics can be glued only a day after the mentioned procedure.

How to plaster correctly

You can work with gypsum mortar with your own hand or using a special plaster station. In this case, it is the first option that will be considered - the application of gypsum plaster manually. This is done as follows:

The gypsum mixture can be applied not only to a bare wall, but also to an old layer of plaster;
If the wall needs to be leveled, this procedure will be much more convenient to carry out using special "beacons" - marks. They can also be made from plaster. For this, a little damp plaster must be applied to the wall and leveled according to the level. When they are dry, you can throw in the mixture. The thickness of the layer should correspond to the height of the gypsum marks;
Avoid layers thicker than five centimeters, if you need thicker, you must wait for the first layer to dry;
The dry mixture is consumed approximately ten kilograms per square meter. Provided that the layer is not thicker than one centimeter;
After completion of the work, dry plaster must be coated with a primer.
Gypsum plaster is procured in accordance with the expected scope of work. Do not make the solution "for use" and do not leave the diluted solution "for later"

Glossing and Grouting Procedures

Glossing is creating a perfectly flat surface without applying the final putty. Indeed, giving up finishing putty, gypsum plaster is easily rubbed to a shine.

Grouting is a process during which all irregularities, roughness, seams between layers are manually removed. Grouting is usually done when the plaster is dry. A metal grater is perfect for this.

For convenience, the tool must be moistened in water or in a primer, which is planned to be applied after a layer of gypsum plaster. Then it is necessary to process the surface with chaotic movements, in any direction. The grater must be regularly cleaned of mixture particles.

Glossing and grouting are similar methods. Almost the same. They even use the same tools. The only difference is that the polishing is carried out on a dried, but still wet mixture. Due to this, not only the working time is reduced, but also there is no need to apply a layer of putty.

Finishing finished surfaces

Once the gypsum plaster has been applied, it is necessary to decide how the subsequent finishing will be done.

To prepare the walls for painting or, it is advisable to process the wall after grouting with a trowel. it special tool with a rubberized or metal base. If thick or thick are glued, then the use of a trowel is not necessary.

It is better to take acrylic, water-dispersed or water-based paint. To begin with, the bare wall must be putty. It is imperative to cover with a layer of primer, and only then paint. This sequence will not only help protect surfaces from shedding, but will also allow more even and economical application of paint.

Textured or type plasters perfectly interact with gypsum. The pattern can be created using a decorative roller or a special construction stamp. But you can often use ordinary items that are at hand - a broom, a brush, and even an ordinary plastic bag. Design is limited only by imagination.

Of all the many species, the most impressive is the so-called. It is created in several thin layers painted in different shades. And if you coat the top with a special wax, you can create the illusion of smooth marble.

As you can see, gypsum plaster is a really popular and useful material, despite all the minor disadvantages. But what material doesn't have them?

More and more people are giving up classic wallpaper in favor of interesting and original materials... Decorative plaster one of the types finishing walls, which is gaining more and more fans.
With help decorative plaster you can create a unique pattern on the walls. There are craftsmen who can paint beautiful panels on the walls using this material. What is remarkable, it is almost impossible to repeat the same drawing, which gives us a guarantee of uniqueness.

Advantages of decorative plaster:

Original design solutions. With this material, you can create truly unique walls in your home. It is beautiful and unusual.

Strength and durability. If the material is applied correctly, in compliance with all the manufacturer's recommendations, then the walls will delight you for many years. Decorative plaster is resistant to mechanical damage, practically does not crumble and does not crack.

Masking wall imperfections. Even if your walls are not perfect, decorative plaster will hide it. Of course, large cracks and irregularities will have to be processed, but it is not necessary to bring them to perfection. However, this statement is not true for Venetian plaster.

Suitable for any surface. Decorative plaster is suitable for wood, concrete, brick, metal. Almost any wall can be decorated with this material. There are types of plaster that are suitable for work outside the building.

Persistence. Decorative plaster is frost and moisture resistant. It also has a soundproofing effect.

It is an environmentally friendly material. The decorative plaster contains only natural ingredients that will never harm human health.

Disadvantages of decorative plaster:

High price. Whatever one may say, but the material itself is quite expensive. Moreover, in addition to the plaster itself, we will need related products. For example, paint, special tools for application, and more. If you decide to invite a professional for the decoration, then this will also cost you a pretty penny.

Difficult dismantling decorative plaster can also be attributed to the disadvantages. If you decide to make repairs and dismantle this material, then you will have to sweat. However, this can be called the reverse side of the coin of strength and durability.

Thorough preparation of the base may take you a while. Before applying the material, the wall should be cleaned to the ideal, there should now be no risk that something will fall off. The primer which is a prerequisite preparation of the walls is a tool for tighter adhesion.

Quite a lot of time you will have to spend to decorate the walls with this material. After preliminary preparation of the walls, plastering begins, which sometimes takes several days. Some types of this material require application in two layers, while the first must be completely dry.

Difficult to do it yourself such wall decor. Of course with simple options applying such plaster can be done by yourself. But it is the specialist who will be able to create a unique, artwork on the walls in your home.

We can unequivocally say that despite the existing shortcomings, decorative plaster is stylish and beautiful solution for your apartment.

It is not necessary to decorate every wall this way. In interior design, more and more attention is paid to different design walls in one room. Try to make one wall with decorative plaster, and wallpaper or just paint the other. With the right combination of colors and textures, the room will sparkle.

If possible, invite a specialist to create a masterpiece on a small section of the wall. However, before trusting the master, be sure to check the reviews about him and clearly explain what you want to see. This kind of work is highly appreciated and you shouldn't look for the cheapest option. If you choose a cheaper master, you can lose money and material and trust in people.

Imagine, create your own unique design, create! All the best and easy repairs to you!

Good plaster lasts for decades. Now gypsum mixes have replaced cement finishing coatings. But not all plasterers give up the usual materials. Let's take a look at the strengths and weaknesses of plaster and cement mixtures and we will figure out which plaster is better.

Features of a cement-based plaster mixture

The word "plaster" comes from the Italian term stuccatura, which meant the finishing materials familiar to the Romans (lime, alabaster, gypsum). Modern plaster is understood as a hardened building mixture intended for leveling walls. It is unambiguous to say which solution is better, and which cannot be worse. The optimal coating composition depends on many factors.

Plaster solutions have been used for thousands of years for finishing houses, apartments, building facades. The demanded finishing material has evolved with humanity. Over the past decades, builders have mainly used cement coatings in the construction and repair of houses.

The mixture consists of cement (main component), sand (filler), plasticizers. Limestone, gypsum or combinations thereof are used as the latter. Solutions are distinguished by the proportions of the components and depending on the surfaces to be finished. Cement-based coatings cover walls outside, inside buildings. Moreover, in the latter case, the premises may be unheated and with high humidity.

The strengths of cement finishing mortars include:

versatility;
plasticity remains for several hours - you can immediately prepare a large volume, spending it as needed;
the strength of the finishing layer;
affordable price.

However, cement plaster is far from ideal. Masters note the following disadvantages:

the mixture does not fit well on the concrete base:
the layer dries for about 14 days, which reduces the pace of finishing work;
high humidity when working with the mixture - for the crystallization of cement particles, the surface to be finished must be sprayed with water;
the main component is cement gives the finished surface an unsightly gray color;
at the final stage, finishing puttying is mandatory;
during work, a suspension of sand, cement rises into the air, getting into the respiratory tract.

The main problem when working with cement coatings is a cracked finish. In addition, as it dries, the composition will shrink, which will lead to the appearance of irregularities. By the way, for this reason, no additional equipment (heating elements, hair dryers, heat guns) is used to dry the premises.

Thus, the cement-based finishing mortar is suitable for walls in technical rooms, facade works, in apartments with draft and.

Advantages and disadvantages of gypsum coatings

Despite all the advantages cement mortar, at interior decoration gypsum plaster confidently competes with it. As the name suggests, the main component of the mixture is gypsum powder made from a natural mineral. In the production process, after a long heat treatment, this powder is ground. As a result, the finer the fraction (grain size), the better the surface to be treated.

In addition to gypsum, the composition of the solution includes natural or synthetic fillers, polymer additives. For leveling walls, the shape and size of the grains are of no small importance. In addition, fillers reduce mixture costs and increase the strength of the finishing layer. And polymer ingredients increase the adhesion of the solution, make it more elastic.

Based technical characteristics finishing coating, its advantages can be distinguished:

High adhesion - the solution can be applied to any substrate;
Leveling ability - a surface finished with a plaster coating is immediately ready for painting, whitewashing, wallpapering;
The consumption of this mixture is lower than that of cement. True, for this you need to follow the rules and technology of work;
Solid thickness of the finishing layer - sometimes it reaches 6 cm;
It is easy to work with the mixture - it fits well on the surface, smoothes, smoothes;
The surface treated with such plaster acquires additional sound and heat insulation qualities.

Despite all their positive traits, gypsum coating is not widely used. There are reasons for this:

Price. Plaster mix costs 1.5–2 times more expensive than cement;
Strength. The surface plastered with a plaster coating does not withstand mechanical damage;
The solution sets quickly, therefore, in order to avoid overspending, it will have to be prepared in small batches;
The need to use additional materials. For example, when treating a concrete surface, it is necessary to use primer solutions, and plastering metal surfaces without a waterproofing layer is unacceptable. In addition, it is not recommended to lay tiles on this decorative coating. Upon contact of the adhesive with finishing material ettringite is formed, a mineral that destroys gypsum.

The main disadvantage of such a mixture is the undesirability of using it for surface treatment outside the house.

There are three types of gypsum finishes. The first is a fine-grained solution, which includes carefully ground sand. It is recommended to apply such material in layers of 0.5–0.8 cm thick. For leveling, a second layer is applied. The main area of \u200b\u200bapplication is ceiling decoration.

Medium-grained gypsum building mixture is the most demanded and, as a result, widespread. It is the main competitor for cement-based mortars. The allowed thickness is 5 cm.

Coarse-grained gypsum plaster is used to hide significant surface defects. As a rule, broken slopes are repaired with its help, facades are updated. By the way, in the latter case, the selected mixture must be checked for resistance to water. Sometimes, despite the claims of manufacturers, it is better to play it safe and apply a protective layer.

Working with gypsum and cement plaster - comparative analysis

The main factor that determines which plaster is better and which is worse is the characteristics declared by the manufacturer. But along with them, secondary factors must be taken into account - ease of use, the need to use additional materials.

At first glance, the advantages of gypsum coatings are obvious - they are elastic, stick to any surface, and easily set. And the faster the layer hardens, the faster the work moves. But with insufficient skill, the prepared batch of plaster will dry out. It cannot be reused. In other words, the cost of a mistake is an additional cost, and the cost of gypsum plaster is not very affordable.

The cement-based plaster dries for at least two hours, which makes it possible to cover large areas in one go. However, the adhesion of such a composition is lower and in some cases (ceiling, corners) the surface will have to be reinforced with a plaster mesh. On the one hand, this entails additional labor costs, on the other hand, the strength of such a plaster is several times higher.

As you can see, the answer to the question of which plaster to choose will be ambiguous. For outdoor work the best option will become cement plaster. But gypsum solution is an excellent option for working inside an apartment (except for the kitchen, bathroom,). In rooms with high humidity, you will have to varnish the finished surface.

Mechanized wall plastering simplifies finishing work, which saves the cost of physical strength and time. In this case, the leveling layer is applied using specially designed equipment. The devices spray the material and prepare it according to an automated program, that is, the owner can only control the process. Mechanization of plastering works is used on repair or construction sites for leveling both internal and external surfaces.

There is a list of advantages in working with the device, which you should familiarize yourself with before carrying out the procedure.

High performance... Compared to the manual method, automatic wall plastering allows you to process the area seven times faster.
Profitability... Since the process is automated, two employees are enough for it, which eliminates the cost of a construction team. Also, a lower consumption of materials was noted due to the fact that during mixing it is saturated with air and increases in volume.
Also, the advantage of mechanized plastering is the absence of the following actions in technology:
1. putting putty on the wall;
2. grease, etc.
Coating quality... After production in the apparatus, the composition acquires a uniform consistency, without lumps and air bubbles, which contributes to the durability and strength of the future coating. The mixture thoroughly fills all small cracks and gaps.

Selection of suitable formulations

During the work, special compositions are used, characterized by rapid solidification, as well as high rates of the following criteria:

sound and heat insulation;
strength;
clutch;
vapor permeability.

When applying plaster by machine, the room creates better conditions microclimate.

When choosing a mixture, rely on the type of work being carried out. For outdoor use, a standard mixture of sand and cement is often used. If the work is carried out inside, then it is better to use plaster material. It is suitable for dry rooms, and it is better to take products in bathrooms and kitchens where polymer impurities or acrylic resins will be present in the composition. You can also purchase ready-made diluted mixtures for applying plaster both by machine and by conventional means.

How automatic equipment works: types of devices

A wide range of devices is presented in hardware stores different sizes, with different power and equipment. IN latest models the staining function is on. In addition, a technique has been created in which there are separate containers for water and dry material, and for mixing them.

As standard, devices of compact size are used, which are assigned to the middle class. You can work with them yourself, without help. Such a wall plastering machine is equipped with a pump, which carries out the main functions of mixing, feeding and applying the solution (through the hose). The size and shape of the jet is regulated by special nozzles.

There are several types of devices, the choice of which depends on the scale of work. It also depends on whether it is worth purchasing equipment. If a one-time use is required in a small area, then it is recommended to rent special equipment.

Pneumatic shovel

This plastering machine looks like a metal container, which is equipped with nozzles of different diameters, which are selected based on the type of composition. A total of four pieces are needed for the mixture, and the same amount for the air supply. A tube coated with an elastomer or similar non-slip material is used to feed the surface to provide better tool retention. The tube of the plastering machine is equipped with a valve that is responsible for regulating the air supply.

Equipment productivity - 60 m 2 / h. It is presented in several models, since different ones are purchased for finishing the ceiling and walls - with a different location of the container relative to the pipe for supplying the solution. Machine plastering of walls with this device is easy:

press the mixture supply button;
point the tube at the wall, moving it to the sides.

Air gun

This equipment is made in the form of a nozzle barrel, resembling an airbrush, on which there is a threaded connection used for nozzles. The choice depends on the level of spray required. The plastering machine is equipped with a container located in the upper area. They come in different volumes, as standard - 5 liters. Many models are equipped with a trigger that controls the solution flow.

There is an opening for the air supply hose at the bottom of the machine. This process is adjustable on the device, which allows both leveling of the area and decorative finishes, such as textured spraying.

How to assemble a plaster station yourself

For greater savings, the equipment can be assembled independently, having expendable materials and tools. A discharged fire extinguisher will serve as a blank, since it is already equipped with the required components for future equipment:

handle;
starting handle;
nozzle.

To make a do-it-yourself plastering machine, first cut off the bottom from the workpiece. This should be a small part in order to preserve the volume as much as possible. Then turn the cylinder over so that the hole is at the top, and secure in a vice. Opposite the trigger, cut a notch into which the air tube will go.

Equipment performance depends on:

compressor power;
diameter of the outlet nozzle;
distance from it to the compressor valve.

For the plastering machine to acquire more power, push the tube as far as possible - for example, 2 cm from the exit opening.

Important! The smaller the distance, the more the solution will spray.

Next use welding machine, but if it is not there, you can fill the inset section with hot resin. In this case, the cylinder must be at an angle of 45 °. Be careful in the process not to clog the entry gap.

You also need to get a compressor for air injection so that the walls are plastered in a mechanized way. It connects to a previously embedded tube. A pressure of 2 - 3 atmospheres will make it possible to create a "fur coat" coating, and for a denser laying of the material, the indicators need to be increased.

Machine application technology

The work is conventionally divided into several stages.

Preparation of the area

First, clean the surface of protrusions, dust, dirt, glue, etc. Assess the curvature of the walls, install beacons and strengthen the corners. Before plastering with the device, treat the surface with an anti-corrosion compound and a primer. It is better to reinforce cracks and joints with a nylon mesh.

Preliminary preparation: creating a solution

Knead the required solution according to the instructions. If you need to dilute a dry mixture, then for this it is better to use not ordinary water, but lime milk. This technique increases the strength of the coating.

Mechanical plastering of walls is often done with a mixture of cement and sand. The components are taken in a 1: 3 ratio. The finished composition should have the consistency of thick sour cream. If it is more liquid, it will spray more and cling worse. At the end of the process, plasticizers are added to increase the viscosity.

Work technology

Machine plastering of walls is carried out according to the following instructions.

Pour the composition into a container, filling ¾ the volume.
Install the compressor for easy operation.
Raise the sprayer.
Aim the gun perpendicularly towards the surface.
Pull the trigger.

Important! The distance from the wall to the nozzle should be no more than 30 cm.

One layer of plaster is made from 3 to 20 mm thick, depending on the type of surface and the owner's preferences. This indicator is regulated by the speed of movement of the plastering equipment.

The final stage

When the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe wall has been processed, after 30 - 50 minutes (depending on the type of composition), leveling of the material with a rule and spatulas is required. Reallocate surplus. Manually work through hard to reach places: corners, niches, joints, etc.

Then wait 30 minutes for the composition to dry. After that, plastering is carried out by machine method of the second layer. After 1 - 2 hours, grout to smooth the surface and eliminate defects.

Depending on the humidity of the air, the solution will dry for three to seven days. Only at the end of the period is it allowed to proceed with the finishing.

Work should be carried out at temperatures from +15 to +30 C °, and air humidity 70 - 75%.

When applying a gypsum solution, it is better to use an assistant, since such a composition is characterized by fast solidification. Therefore, a second person is needed who will immediately level the coating after spraying. Such compositions are used indoors, and for plastering the facades of buildings with an apparatus, it is better to take mixtures based on cement or acrylic material.

For decorative finishing use the technique with nozzles with wide nozzles.

Plastering by a mechanized method is carried out quite simply with your own hands. The main thing is to choose the right material, and to it - the necessary model of the device.