How to make a hoist in a garage with your own hands, materials and tools. Do-it-yourself winch - simple ways of making Manual hoist 1t chain do it yourself

The winch is an indispensable device, as in householdand in the garage. Raise a roll of roofing material on the roof, throw a couple of bags of cement into the window of the second floor of a private house under construction, remove the engine from the bonnet space, and drag the broken car itself into the garage ... This is an incomplete list of things that can be easily done alone with its help.

Drum-type devices for lifting or moving weights differ in the way they transmit torque. Of school course physicists, we know how the shoulder works. Losing speed or distance - we gain strength. The phrase of Archimedes: "Give me a fulcrum and I will turn the Earth" just describes the principle of the winch.

IMPORTANT! When working with such a device, the points of support are the body and the place of attachment of the winch. Both elements must be reliable.

A manual winch, with the help of an attached shoulder, increases human strength so much that one operator can move cars or lift weights of several hundred kilograms. With the same (from the point of view of mechanics) principle of operation, these devices have different ways of execution.

Hand drum winch - varieties

The hand drum winch is a classic of the genre. In addition to the common element - the pulley on which the cable is wound, the devices have different types drive.

A large, main gear is firmly attached to the drum. The whole load falls on it, and on the mount. Therefore, the reliability of the elements must be at the proper level. In engagement with the main gear, there is a small drive gear.

The ratio of the number of teeth is the value of the gear ratio. Simply put - the gain. The drive gear is integral with the drive shaft. Since we are talking about hand tool - a handle for rotation is put on the shaft.

The length of the arm also affects the amount of reinforcement. The larger the handle shoulder, the less effort you need to apply.

With the help of such devices, you can single-handedly lift several quintals of cargo or move a vehicle weighing 2-3 tons. At the same time, the drum rotation speed is quite high.

The design consists of two or more pairs of gears, each of which has an amplification factor of tens of times. With successive engagement, these coefficients add up, multiplying the force.

The flip side of the coin is a proportional decrease in speed. With such a winch, you can carry out slow vertical lifting of loads of more than a ton, but if you have to work with two bags of cement, the lifting time will stretch for tens of minutes.

A movable and simpler, stationary crane beam in the garage with your own hands is quite doable if there is welding machine and two days of free time. For a professional auto repair shop, it is easier to buy ready-made lifting equipment.

If the need for a crane is rare, then it is cheaper to make a simple and reliable lift yourself. Such a homemade crane can easily lift the weight up to 800 kg, and this is quite enough for repair work in the garage.

In order to make a frame for a small beam crane in a standard garage with your own hands, you will need the following materials:

• i-beam (4 - 4.5 meters) - the required footage depends on the height of the garage;
• pipe (diameter 10-12 cm), length 2.4 meters - 2 pieces;
• one square pipe (10x10 cm);
• corners (10x10);
• hand hoist and telpher;
• bolts (M16) with nuts.

If you plan to build a mobile crane, then you need four more rollers and a hoist.

The procedure for making a crane frame with your own hands:

• we weld the crane legs - the corners must be welded to the I-pipe on both sides;
• the location of the corner is at an angle of 45 degrees. It turns out a kind of stiffening ribs that will firmly fix the rack, which accounts for the bulk of the load carried by the crane;
• we weld two triangles, spacers on each crane post.

• if the crane is a movable beam, then on both sides from the bottom, on each rack on the horizontal it is necessary to weld on a roller - ordinary rollers for metal containers will do, furniture will not bear the weight;
• from above, as a crossbar, we fix the pipe along which it will move lifting mechanism;
• in the center of the pipe, we weld an I-beam to fasten the roller, along which the steel cable of the crane lifting mechanism will move.

• on top of the I-beam we weld a piece of square pipe (to stiffen the frame) - 40 cm. The pipe should protrude at least 20 cm on both sides. It turns out that the side post is located in the middle of the crossbar stiffening pipe;
• insert the transverse tube of the frame crossbeam into the square tube;
• we drill through holes for fastening bolts on both sides of the square holder and in the crossbeam pipe itself - we need a rigid, reliable fixation on both sides of the vertical rack.

It turns out a U-shaped construction of the crane frame, which is installed on rigid legs with struts, and a crossbar pipe is rigidly bolted along the top.

Installation of lifting mechanism - manual or automatic

For mechanical lifting of loads on the frame, you need to install a manual hoist - a worm winch and a cable. How to attach the hoist to the frame:

• on the side of the rack we install a manual worm winch (lifting capacity 800 kg, not less);
• a steel cable runs on rollers.

This mechanism makes it easy to lift the engine or a car behind the hood on one side.

You can take the lifting mechanism and rollers from the elevator door as a drive. There the rollers are reliable and durable.

An electric lift drive can also be installed on the manufactured base. A 300 - 500 W engine will be enough for simple repair work in the garage.

Such cranes are often used for the repair and renovation of old wooden houses... The construction of a log house will go faster if the logs are laid with a mobile home-made crane. In this case, the width of the frame is along the length of the logs.

And you can make a simpler engine lift, on one support, watch the video.

Homemade winch (telpher, hoist). How to make a lifting mechanism for a garage, workshop, construction site.
Many home craftsmen would like to have some kind of lifting mechanism in their garage or workshop, such as a hoist, hoist or winch. Of course, you can buy them ready-made, but they are usually not very cheap - several thousand rubles. And they are not often on sale. The vehicle rescue lever winches available in almost any store cannot be used for lifting loads. Because their stoppers are made with a ratchet mechanism. And it only works well one way. It is easy to lift a load with such a winch. But to lower it smoothly is problematic. When making hoists or winches on their own, the master is faced with the task of where to get a powerful reliable gearbox (with a transmission of at least 1:20 - 50) and always with a self-braking effect. As a rule, these are powerful worm gearboxes and they do not often fall into the hands of the master.

Meanwhile, almost everyone can make a homemade winch or hoist, and, as they say, from scrap materials. Threaded rods up to 2 meters long are available for sale. And it can serve as an excellent gearbox for a homemade hoist.

The device of such a winch is clear from the sketches. The working principle of the winch is simple. If you rotate the threaded stud itself, and the nut on this stud is not allowed to rotate, then the nut will move along the stud. The force during this movement is much greater than that required to rotate the stud (all work on the same principle screw jacks, the increase in effort there reaches 20-30 times).

The ends of the stud are fixed in bearings, which, in turn, are mounted in supports. A nut on a stud is a rectangular metal plate to which ordinary nuts are welded. The plate prevents the nuts from spinning. A cable is also attached to the plate. The cable is passed through one of the supports and thrown over the block. At the other end of the cable is a lifting hook or a sling system (this depends on the purpose of the lifting winch).

The pin drive is easiest to do manually. For this, a pulley or gear is fixed at one of its ends. (you can even use a bicycle one, for example). A strong cord or chain is thrown through an endless loop through a pulley or gear. If you pull on either side of the cord, the pin will rotate and the nut will move along the pin. Accordingly, there will be a cable behind it, and the load will either lower or rise. Self-locking of the mechanism is absolute, no force on the nut will make the stud rotate. Rather, the whole thread will break.

Of course, an electric drive can also be made using any reversible electric motor with a power of 200-500 W. It is convenient to use, for example, any inexpensive electric drill with a rotation direction switch. These drills are now commercially available. The electric drive can be done both directly and through an additional pulley or flexible shaft.

A homemade winch like this can lift several hundred kilograms. In most cases, this is sufficient for household needs. The length of the stud, or rather the ability to move the nut along it, determines the lift height (in the simplest version of this homemade hoist). If you take a hairpin with a length of 2 meters, then this height will be approximately 170-180 cm, which in most cases is more than enough for a home workshop or garage. However, the lifting height is not difficult and can be increased with simple techniques.

The support (base) for such a winch can be made of durable dry wooden beams or a thick board. Although it is certainly better to apply metallic profile or channel. All connections are made by means of a check or bolted. It all depends on the purpose and capabilities of the master. It is also easy to organize the movement of this hoist under the ceiling. For example, with the help of some kind of T-beam, placed in the center of the workshop. And install the support itself on the beam so that it can rotate around its center. Then almost any point in the garage or workshop will be available. A similar result can, of course, be achieved with the help of various blocks, it would be possible to fix something on something. Of course, the floor beams of the building must also be designed for additional loads.

On the basis of such home-made winches, you can also make a home-made crane. This will require at least two such winches. It is most convenient to place them in the crane boom. One of the winches will raise the boom itself (change its angle of inclination), and the second will lift the load itself. Of course, don't forget about the counterweight.

The simplicity and availability of such a homemade winch opens up a wide enough scope for its use in a home workshop, garage or construction site.

Konstantin Timoshenko

Homemade hand hoist is a good replacement for industrial designs, because it is no less effective. So it is worth getting such an assistant in the household, and we will help you do it and tell you about this device.

How is a hand-operated hoist structured?

A hoist is understood as a suspended lifting device. It can be manually or electrically driven, of course, the second option is more common. Tal, in general, is a special mechanism for lifting or lowering various loads, as well as for moving them. The carrying capacity can be up to 10 tons, and objects can be lifted to a height of up to 12 m - agree, not bad for a mechanism with a manual drive.

Based on these indicators, this device can be used to move various goods of large weight, it can be objects household appliances – gas stoves or refrigerators, freezers or washing machines etc. They are often used by retailers to put goods on shelves. Hand hoists are indispensable for construction or repair work, where it is often necessary to lift construction Materials or tools.

The usual manual, chain hoist has the following main elements: chain hoist, consisting of movable and fixed blocks connected to each other; a two-stage cylindrical coaxial gearbox with a manual mechanical drive; output shaft; specialized disc brake; additional cargo braking system; block suspension with a hook. The principle of operation is based on traction and load chain systems, which have round links. The main types of hand hoists: gear and lever.

Gear hand hoists - is popularity justified?

The main advantage of this type of hoist is the simplicity of design and reliability. One cannot do without them in many industries: neither in the construction, nor in the mining industry, nor in agriculture, nor at fuel and energy enterprises and others. Such a device can be used not only indoors, but also outdoors, even if there are no power sources. Moreover, such hoists are not only safe in operation, but also unpretentious in use and have a durable mechanism.

The gear type of hoists is adapted to work with large loads weighing from 0.5 to 10 tons, and they can be freely lifted to a height of 12 m. The special load chain with hook is designed for this load, and the available additional drive chain ensures not only good movement, but also easy movement of loads. It is necessary to control the work of such a hoist while standing on the ground. The action begins with a drive chain, this device is a stationary mechanism, and its purpose is to raise or lower loads from high shelves.

To move cargo with a hoist, monorails are installed indoors. Such stationary devices are usually used when you do not need to constantly move and lift loads. They are not designed for a large amount of work, and the movement speed is very low, this must be taken into account when choosing this tool. But at the same time, if you need to lift a fragile product or object, then these are the most successful hoists. Now we need to talk about the competitive model.

Lever hoist - advantageous payload physics

This type of hoist is necessary for working with small loads, the weight of which is no more than 5 tons, and it can be lifted to a height equal to the height of a person. It all depends on the constructive solution. Lifting, lowering and movement is carried out using a lever mounted in the body. The operator who is near the device controls the hoist. Such models are good for cable tension and lifting loads. Since they are not adapted for a large amount of work, utilities find their use.

They are necessary when you need to stretch cables or install pipes at the bottom of trenches, as well as for installing hatches. With their help, foresters pull out stumps, and industrialists place heavy equipment in workshops. Often their purpose is to lift the load in order to work with it, so. It can be different renovation work, for example, in car repair shops. To facilitate working with lever hoists, they are additionally equipped with special trolleys.

Worm hoists - compact strongman

In addition to these basic types of hand hoists, there are others. Recently, worm hoists are often used. For work, they are suspended permanently or use a mobile "cat". It is convenient for moving loads horizontally, such hoists can move along I-beams. There are a lot of models of this type of devices. They are used to lift or hold loads in a raised position, they are also suitable for moving. Everything takes place along a special suspended track made of an I-profile.

Their advantage is that work can be performed in rooms that are small in area, and the distance between beams and loads can be insignificant. Such hoists can be used for work in the open air.

They have some features, for example, a rotatable casing (and the structure can rotate 360 \u200b\u200bdegrees) allows you to control work from any place, that is, you can raise and lower the load in any position. This creates additional safety, the operator during work can be on the side of the hoists and also from the load itself. Also given view hoists are distinguished by their reliability, durability and low heating brake. All this makes them quiet and comfortable. And thanks to its low headroom, this equipment can be operated in confined spaces in vertical positions.

Homemade hand hoist - free household helper

Often you have to carry out repair work at home, and you need to lift tools, materials. If you buy a manual hoist, it is expensive, and often there is no time. In this case, you can do it yourself.