Waterproofing wet rooms is an important factor in a healthy and comfortable microclimate throughout the living space. It is a barrier to moisture penetration from bathrooms, showers and toilets - the dampest rooms in any apartment. Until recently, the most popular and frequently used waterproofing materials based on organic components - bitumen and bitumen-polymer mastics. However, modern polymer waterproofing is a much more "advanced" and high-tech material.

What quality waterproofing should be, what criteria should it meet? Its main task is to prevent the penetration of moisture from one room to another. Moisture entering the thickness of the walls destroys brickwork and plaster layer, forms foci of fungus and mold under the wallpaper and putty, spoils appearance renovation and the mood of the owners. Therefore, it is necessary to fight with it by all available methods, but it is better to use materials specially designed for this.

According to the method of application, waterproofing materials have always been divided into roll and coating. The former are more difficult to install, and the result was not always reliable - this is already “yesterday”. Materials that are applied to the surface with a brush or roller are much more convenient and reliable. These include polymer-cement waterproofing.

This group of materials is produced on the basis of inorganic substances and has a number of advantages over traditional bituminous mastics.

Materials are produced by many manufacturers who patent their developments and technologies, but in general, the composition of cement-polymer waterproofing materials includes the same components: Portland cement, finely ground sand, elasticizing polymer substances. One-component and two-component mixtures are on sale. The former contain dispersion polymers in the form of powders (DPP), the latter contain aqueous polyacrylic dispersions as an elasticizer.

Ease of application is one of the advantages of polymer-cement waterproofing

Advantages of polymer-cement waterproofing materials

• Waterproofing compounds are completely composed of substances that are safe for health, so they can be used indoors for people living.
• Waterproofing based on inorganic materials has a significantly longer service life compared to bitumen. These materials have excellent adhesion to all materials used in construction - concrete, brick, wood, metal.
• Ease of use - cement-polymer waterproofing is applied to surfaces using a conventional paint brush. This allows you to qualitatively miss the slightest irregularities, since it is clearly visible where the composition was applied unevenly and there are "bald spots" in the material layer. Covering repairs are also very simple.
• The waterproofing layer completely blocks the path of water, while letting in water vapor - the wall "breathes". This property eliminates the formation of air bubbles under the membrane. The main feature of this material is the ability to apply it even on a damp wall, moreover, it is recommended to moisten the surfaces before starting work.
• The resulting layer has high ductility and resistance to deformation, which excludes damage in the event of the formation of small cracks on the base.

The advantage of polymer-cement compositions is the ability to apply to wet surfaces

Step-by-step guide to waterproofing a bathroom with polymer-cement compounds

Using this kind of materials, you can get great results. To do this, it is necessary to carefully follow the manufacturer's recommendations for applying cement-polymer waterproofing. In general, they are approximately the same, the differences can only be in numbers - the drying time of the layer, thickness, and in the method of preparing the material for work. Before starting work, it is necessary to mark those "wet" areas that will be subject to increased exposure to moisture - walls around the bathtub, washbasin, etc. Be sure to apply the coating to the lower part of all walls (25-30 cm) and the entire floor area.

Wet areas of the bathroom need particularly careful treatment

1. Preparation of the base (walls, floor) must be carried out with great care. It is necessary to remove all debris and dirt, dried splashes of mortars. Irregularities are filled with plaster.
2. Usually, the manufacturer indicates the need to wet the surfaces before applying the composition. If there is such a remark, it is necessary to moisten the base using a conventional spray gun.
3. Material preparation: mixing all components of the polymer-cement composition in the sequence specified by the manufacturer. The mixture should become homogeneous.
4. The composition is applied to all marked surfaces with a hard brush in an even layer. Carefully make sure that there are no "non-beautiful". In places of abutment of walls and floors, as well as pipes of water supply, sewerage or risers, it is necessary to lay a layer of construction mesh made of polypropylene, geotextile, etc. material. It is embedded in a layer of waterproofing material and is well oiled.
5. The first layer is dried within the time specified in the manufacturer's instructions. It is better not to artificially reduce this period by drying with heat guns or building hair dryers.
6. Before applying the second layer of material, the surface is slightly wetted again (if recommended by the manufacturer). A second waterproofing layer is applied.
7. The surface is dried according to the recommendations of the material supplier, after which it is ready for decorative finishing.

The joints of the walls and floor of the bathroom must be glued with waterproofing tape.

Features of polymer coating waterproofing

This group of materials also belongs to modern one-component coating compositions for "cutting" moisture. They are formulated with acrylic, epoxy or polyurethane resins, which give them very high ductility. Surfactants increase the adhesive properties of polymeric waterproofing compounds. The resulting layer has a high vapor permeability, it is very elastic, but durable, similar to rubber. This material is applied with a brush or roller, and the surface is pre-moistened.

Let the polymer waterproofing for the bathroom not be aggressively affected chemical substances, but, nevertheless, it is very resistant to such influences, therefore, it is most often used for outdoor work - when waterproofing swimming pools, sewage and treatment facilities, etc. Materials intended for indoor use can be carried out in a wide colors, under the influence of ultraviolet radiation on the street, they fade very quickly.

Indoors, you can use polymer waterproofing of any color

General recommendations for the use of polymer waterproofing compounds

1. When applying any materials, be it wallpaper, paint or waterproofing compounds, it is very important to prepare the base. Mark areas on the walls that will be exposed to increased moisture. The lower part of the walls and the entire floor are also necessarily waterproofed.
2. Walls and floors should be well dust-free, free from mortar or plaster slugs, large potholes should be leveled. All rubbish is carefully removed. The surface must be dry.
3. Concrete, metal surfaces are primed with special primers recommended by the manufacturer.
4. The composition is applied in the first layer at a temperature above 0 ° C, the exact curing time is indicated on the package by the manufacturer; this is necessary for polymerization of the applied composition. In places where the floor and walls meet, as well as the outlets of risers and pipes, it is advisable to lay a layer of geotextile or polypropylene construction mesh. The material is well coated and embedded in the waterproofing layer.
5. After the first layer has hardened, the second is applied. To make it easier to control the uniformity of the application of the second layer, it is better to make it in a contrasting color. In places where the bottom layer shines through, after the second layer has hardened, you need to apply the mastic again.
6. After the second layer has hardened, the surfaces are ready for decorative finishing.

Polymer waterproofing in the bathroom

In general, the process of applying modern waterproofing compounds is quite simple. However, as in any work, it has a number of subtleties that are familiar only to specialists. To keep your bathroom shiny and clean, and the walls of neighboring rooms to be dry, invite professionals, and let everyone do their own thing!

Moisture is the main threat to building structures of any material. It is for moisture protection that modern waterproofing materials are used .. We will consider all existing species waterproofing and help you choose the best option.

Read in the article

What is waterproofing for and the basic requirements for it

Water tends to penetrate almost all building materials and destroy them. The components of the solutions lose their bonds, the wood swells and rots. Freeze and thaw cycles also play a role. Ice breaks the most durable. That is why it is so important to protect structures from atmospheric and ground moisture. Waterproofing materials are fabrics and compounds to prevent moisture penetration.

Waterproofing materials must meet several basic requirements:

• do not leak or absorb water;
• do not form condensation;
• have high strength and elasticity;
• be resistant to high and low temperatures;
• do not be afraid of direct sun rays and other natural influences.

Almost all modern waterproofing products meet these requirements, it remains only to choose them correctly in accordance with the specifics of the design.

Types and properties of modern waterproofing materials

Builders classify waterproofing according to several criteria. At the place of application, protection can be external or internal. The outer one is placed on and on the outer part of the building, respectively, on the inner surfaces of walls and partitions.

Another gradation is for a specific purpose. Distinguish between anti-pressure and non-pressure insulation. Anti-pressure is used to cover, protect walls and from groundwater. Gravity, for example, protects buildings from the inside.

Waterproofing can be different in composition: bituminous, polymer, tar, rubber and mineral.

The types of waterproofing materials are distinguished by the technology of their installation. They are divided into glued (and canvases), and coating, injection.

It is difficult to say with certainty which type of waterproofing is better than the rest. Let's look at different technologies for their application, in most cases this factor is decisive when choosing.

Roll roofing waterproofing material and the advantages of its use

For the manufacture of roll materials, they take a base - fiberglass or non-woven polyester - and apply natural or polymer bitumen to it. On top, the fabric for waterproofing is sprinkled with fine sand, and the bottom of the sticky layer is protected with a film.

This coating can be used underneath or as a topcoat.

Advantages and disadvantages of waterproofing in rolls:

pros	Minuses
Application for insulation of all types of materials: from wood to metal	Requires a perfectly flat dry surface for installation
Economy - such products are relatively inexpensive	The joints are sealed by fusion - skills are needed in such work
Resistance to aggressive external influences	Cannot fit at temperatures below 10 degrees Celsius
	Not resistant to mechanical damage
	In most cases, they are applied in several layers.

Properties of bitumen-polymer waterproofing

Bituminous-polymer waterproofing is almost more popular than roll. It is represented by various mastics and sludges, applied in several layers. It is used to protect buildings, fill flat roofs and, as well as sealing cracks in the walls.

Lubricated polymer waterproofing: exceptional tightness

Waterproofing materials based on polymers, in principle, differ from bitumen only in composition. They additionally include latex, polyurethane, acrylic and other polymer components. Unlike bitumen composition, the polymer one is characterized by high elasticity and a wide temperature range of operation.

Features of penetrating materials for waterproofing

To isolate cracks and holes in concrete, special and silicate sand is used.

Why are liquid waterproofing materials attractive?

Liquid waterproofing is applied by spraying and forms a coating without seams or folds.

Geotextile materials for waterproofing

A bentonite mat is a two-layer mat with a layer of bentonite clay between the layers.

Modern waterproofing materials of injection type

The installation principle of this type of waterproofing is concluded in the process of injecting a hydrophobic gel between the soil and the structural parts.

Membrane moisture protection

At the peak of development now new technology - use of membrane materials.

Waterproofing Materials Manufacturing: Who Should You Trust?

For your own peace of mind and confidence in the quality of the material, use the products of famous brands. The high quality of this product is guaranteed by many years of application experience and numerous examinations. The editors of the site have selected for you several manufacturers who have earned high marks from construction professionals:

The greatest danger to many building materials represent water and its vapors, which accelerate their aging and destruction. To avoid this and extend the life of building materials and structures made of them, waterproofing is widely used.

There is a wide variety of modern waterproofing materials, each with its own characteristics. One of them, which has become widely known recently, is polymer waterproofing. In most cases, it is based on polyurethane, to which furan, phenol-formaldehyde, carbamide and other resins are added.

Features of polymer waterproofing:

The scope of application of such waterproofing is very wide. It is used to protect ground and underground structures and structures, hydraulic installations, roofing and floor coverings, walls, foundations, etc.

Moreover, all polymer waterproofing is subdivided into several categories:

Consistencies

It can be liquid or semi-liquid, and according to the component composition - cement-polymer or bitumen-polymer.

Appointment

• Method of application

The first contains Portland cement and synthetic resins, additives and fillers. The finished composition is a rather plastic mass, similar to plasticine. One of the conditions for the durability of a waterproofing coating made of this material is the absence of particles of dust and debris in it (this must be carefully monitored during work).

The second is made on the basis of oxidized bitumen with an organic solvent. In addition, various substances are added to the mixture that increase the characteristics of the waterproofing. It is released in the form of mastic, which is associated with some of the features of this waterproofing material. So, when it dries, it forms an uneven surface, which must be covered from above with a screed (if the floor is insulated) or sheathed with finishing material (on the walls).

Application of polymer waterproofing:

Most often, polymer waterproofing materials are used to treat dry surfaces, but there are also those that can be safely applied to wet ones.

In this case, most of the compositions are sold dry, and they must be prepared immediately before application. The main condition for this is the observance of the correct proportions and quick application of the compositions, since the "life span" of many of them is only a few hours (and sometimes even minutes).

In addition, polymer waterproofing is usually highly toxic and fire hazardous. Therefore, when working with them, it is important to strictly observe safety rules. True, at present, manufacturers are already producing practically harmless formulations that can be worked with in closed rooms.

Advantages of polymer waterproofing:

The indisputable advantages of this waterproofing material include the fact that it forms a continuous seamless fabric with high water-repellent properties.

It is durable (warranty from 25 years, but in practice this period is much longer). At the same time, the waterproofing layer does not thin over time, and remains as even and strong as just after application. By the way, the service life of the cement-polymer coating is much longer than the bitumen-polymer coating.

It is also considered a plus that it is equally suitable for any structures - it can be easily applied even to complex and small, convex and concave elements. The type of surface on which the waterproofing is applied does not matter either. It will perfectly combine with concrete, block, metal, wood and other types of coatings.

It is not afraid of polymer waterproofing and ultraviolet radiation, temperature extremes, chemical effects of substances and mechanical damage (shock, scratches, etc.).

It is also important that this material is quite simple to apply. This does not require special qualifications and extensive experience. There is also a wide range of colors.

The only drawback is most often called the price of this type of waterproofing. However, as you know, the stingy has to pay more.

Rules for applying polymer waterproofing:

In order for the waterproofing to be able to fully demonstrate its merits, it is necessary to first comply with all the rules for its application.

Before proceeding with waterproofing work, it is necessary to prepare the surface, remove all dirt from it, and eliminate irregularities. Some solutions and mastics also require preliminary wetting of the surface with water (these requirements, together with the mixing proportions, must be indicated on the package). Only after all preparatory work carried out, you can start mixing the ingredients.

It is necessary to coat the surface evenly, paying special attention to "wet" places (where the greatest exposure to steam or water is expected). After applying the first layer, let the insulation dry and then repeat the procedure.

Polymer waterproofing video:

APPLICATION OF CEMENT-POLYMER WATERPROOFING TYPE

Quality cement itself has some waterproofing properties. However, an ordinary cement-sand mortar is difficult to make so that there are no pores at all in it, through which moisture penetrates. Special cement-polymer waterproofing compounds are devoid of these disadvantages.

The composition of cement-polymer mixtures includes three components:

• The binder (binder) is a high-quality cement that ensures the strength of the composition and is largely water repellent.
• The filler is fine quartz sand.
• Polymer additives. Provide increased adhesion of the composition to the base, penetrating deep into the surface of the concrete and crystallizing in its structure, firmly binding the base to the applied coating. Increases the hydrophobic properties of the cement composition.

Cement-polymer compositions in comparison with bitumen-polymer insulation have a number of advantages:

1. They can (and even should) be applied to a damp surface. The composition holds well not only on dry, but also on wet concrete. At the same time, the bituminous insulation will simply be torn off the surface when the water backs up (from the inside of the concrete).
2. The adhesion (strength of adhesion to the surface) of cement (mineral) waterproofing is higher than that of bitumen-polymer. The compositions hold well on concrete, brick (including sand-lime brick) metal and wooden surfaces... Mineral insulation has high mechanical strength and abrasion resistance.
3. The surface treated with cement waterproofing can be finished two weeks after application of the composition without any additional preparation. Glue tiles, plaster, putty, paint - decoration Materials adhere perfectly to mineral substrates. Bituminous insulation will have to be covered with plaster on a grid or screed. This is a huge plus in the manufacture of pool bowls and not only.
4. Cement-polymer waterproofing has a unique property: it is vapor-permeable. That is, water will not penetrate into the structure, for example, the basement of a building, while the masonry, if it is moistened, will dry out. The occurrence of delamination is excluded if moisture does not come from the outside, but from the inside of the concrete, it will gradually be removed to the outside. Bituminous waterproofing in such cases, moisture tears off. Due to its high vapor permeability, mineral insulation can be used specifically for internal waterproofing, and often it is the only possible solution for the reconstruction of buildings.
5. The compositions are chemically neutral, environmentally safe, and are approved for use in drinking water tanks.

Types of cement-polymer waterproofing. According to its properties, we would divide the cement-polymer waterproofing into three groups:

• Standard mixes for a highly abrasion resistant outer coating. However, it is inelastic and in the event of a crack in the base (concrete), the waterproofing will also be broken. And this, you see, is a significant drawback, since the probability of cracking is almost one hundred percent!
• Crystallizing mixtures (penetrating insulation) contain salt additives, which, when penetrated into concrete, form waterproof structures. Moreover, over time and as it gets wet, the waterproofing "grows" more and more into the base and becomes more reliable. Such compositions are capable of bridging small cracks (about 0.5 mm) in the base, they perfectly hold negative water backing, do not let water through wet concrete, which makes them indispensable for the reconstruction (drainage) of underground structures, where external waterproofing is absent or broken.
• Resilient polymer-cementitious coatings are designed for problem substrates where cracks can form, which is the majority of concrete substrates performed today! The brands recommended on the market are reliable, they are guaranteed to close cracks up to 1 mm, withstand vertical water pressure up to 50 m.

Polymer-cement compositionBitumsealFlex factory productionBitumPetrochemicalIndustriesLtd... bridges cracks larger than 2 mm! Thanks to the finished waterproofing coating added to the latex hydraulic additives BitumsealFlexunique elasticity is given.

Waterproofing technology

• Before starting work, the surfaces must be free of dust, dirt and oils. In the case of a loose loose substrate, the manufacturer Bitum Petrochemical Industries Ltd. recommends pretreating the surface with Aquapoxy 2K Penetrating Primer.
• The crumbling mortar and concrete are removed from the seams and cracks, cleaned and tightly coined with any non-shrinking cement mortar Cracks, seams and large shells embroidered and tightly filled with the same solution or hydro-seal.
• The surface must be moistened immediately before applying waterproofing.
• In the corners and in the floor-to-wall interface, make fillets with a radius of 3-4 cm beforehand. For this, you can use cement plaster. In addition, reinforce the joints with waterproofing tape, embedding it in the material. Lay an additional layer of Bitumseal Flex on top.
• Lubricants are applied only with a brush or spatula.
• With manual application cement mix thoroughly rubbed or smeared into the surface, leaving no gaps. Small shells are filled with the mixture.
• To achieve the desired result, apply two or three layers. When applying the first layer, the movements with the trowel should go in the same direction. Each subsequent layer is applied at intervals of 12-24 hours. The next layer is applied in a direction perpendicular to the previous one. The applied layers of the mixture should be protected from drying out too quickly. To do this, the surface must be wetted every 2-3 hours for 1-2 days.
• Internal processing of prefabricated concrete walls basement completed. After two weeks, the surface can be protected tiled cladding, plaster or screed.

When carrying out internal waterproofing of basement and basement floors, this is generally the only option.

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Polymer waterproofing

Polymer waterproofing

Recently, waterproofing materials have become extremely widespread. different types... Common enough polymer insulation, represented on the market by almost the largest number of brands and materials.

The use of polymer is one of the most promising ways of development of construction, since polymer materials provide increased resistance of structures and buildings to aggressive environmental forces, as well as restoration of the lost structure resource.

To date, the following effective waterproofing materials are most widely used to protect against moisture: bitumen-polymer, acrylic and polyurethane.

Polymer waterproofing used for all types of structures. Its most effective application is for waterproofing industrial reinforced concrete and sanitary facilities, various treatment facilities for household, industrial and sewage effluents, as well as containers for storing harmful liquids and full chemical protection concrete. In the overwhelming majority of cases, it is used in the form of mastics for coating the external parts of structures and structures.

Polymer compositions are intended mainly for waterproofing various dry surfaces, but there are compositions with special surfactants that significantly increase the adhesion of materials to a wet base. They are designed for waterproofing wet concrete surfaces. Most often, polymer compositions are prepared right at the work site, for which a polymer cocktail of resin, plasticizer and hardener is mixed. Depending on the composition and purpose of the material, the pot life of the prepared solution ranges from several minutes to several hours.

Bitumen-polymer compositions are good-quality materials based on bitumen diluted with polymers and rubbers. These additives have improved water resistance, durability and deformation bituminous mastics, and they also regulate the operational and technological properties of bitumen-polymer compositions. Bitumen-polymer compositions - the development of technology for waterproofing with bitumen, inexpensive, but not too durable. Thanks to the addition of materials of a new type, it was possible to obtain still relatively inexpensive, but already durable and high-quality waterproofing.

In general, polymer waterproofing is confidently gaining popularity among domestic consumers. The main advantage of the materials of this group is their relatively low cost with a fairly high quality of the insulating layer.