What types of wallpaper are there. Types of wallpaper and their characteristics. Lettering on the wallpaper

Wallpaper is a popular wall covering. They are so diverse that they are suitable for finishing both budget rooms and expensive interiors. But when it comes to choosing suitable type, many simply take material at random, focusing on external characteristics. In this article, we will tell you in detail about the types of wallpapers, how they differ from each other and which one is better to choose.

• paper;
• non-woven;
• vinyl;
• acrylic;
• natural;
• fiberglass;
• textile;
• metal;
• liquid.

Some of them can be used as a base for painting. These are paper, vinyl with a non-woven base and fiberglass.

Any of the species has a wide selection of designs, many patterns and colors. You can try to enhance the effect. Let's talk specifically about each of them.

When choosing wallpaper, rolls are bought from the same batch: the shades of colors in different batches may differ slightly.

Paper

The cheapest and most common type of wallpaper made entirely of paper. There are both single-layer (simplex) and two-layer (duplex). Most often, the surface is smooth, but sometimes it is also produced with a relief.


Benefits:

• low price - from 50-100 rubles. per roll;
• environmental friendliness - can be used in the nursery and in the bedroom;
• allow air to pass through, so the walls can "breathe";
• the easiest gluing process.

Disadvantages:

• fragility: light spots appear quickly, the maximum period of use is 5 years;
• fear of moisture (if dirt appears, you cannot wash them);
• the drawings fade in the sun;
• absorb odors.

The quality of the paper roll depends on the density of the material. Good quality wallpaper should weigh 110-140 g / sq. m.

Flesilin

Their base is made of interlining, a high density nonwoven fabric. In fact, this is the same paper, only with the addition of fabric fibers.


Pros of non-woven wallpaper:

• high strength, in contrast to paper types;
• let air through;
• do not shrink after drying;
• when wet, the material does not swell;
• hide small cracks on the surface;
• environmentally friendly, durable and wear-resistant;
• easy to stick: only the wall is covered with glue;
• well suited for walls and ceilings.

Such wallpaper is used for painting if foamed vinyl is applied to the non-woven base.

Non-woven wallpaper without a vinyl layer is considered harmless. They tend to be more difficult to find and more expensive. Also, safe wallpaper must be certified according to GOST 6810-2002 "Wallpaper".

Vinyl is a type of wallpaper coated with foamed vinyl. The base material is paper or non-woven. The surface is smooth and embossed, as well as in the silk-screen style.

• moisture resistant, they can be washed and cleaned (should be indicated on the packaging, they are ideal for the hallway);
• retain their color for a long time, almost do not fade;
• relief patterns visually hide small irregularities in the walls;
• there are types for painting that can be repainted up to ten times.

The disadvantages include airtightness, so it is better not to use them in the children's room and bedroom.


Read more about it in a separate article.

Acrylic Wallpaper

Acrylic wallpaper looks very similar to vinyl wallpaper. Foamed acrylic is used as the front layer.

Due to the thinner acrylic layer, they are not as durable. Spraying is applied in a dotted manner, therefore acrylic wallpaper able to pass air.

Natural wallpaper

Elite types of wallpaper for the hall are made from natural materials. Cork, jute, straw, veneer, bamboo, reed, seaweed are used as the top layer; most often paper as a base. Some of them have a non-woven base.


In most cases, the width of rolls made of natural material is 91 cm and the length is 5.5 or 10 m.

For gluing this type, use ordinary wallpaper glue, depending on the base. For a paper base, it is applied only to the canvas, for non-woven - on the wall, and if the canvas is heavy - both there and there.

• Natural materials create a cozy interior, very warm to the touch;
• the material is completely environmentally friendly;
• to protect them from dust, they are covered with special impregnations.

The disadvantages of natural wallpaper include:

• fear of moisture (the paint is water-based, and can easily lose color if wet);
• difficult gluing process;
• high price (because of this, they are rarely glued to all walls, only for zoning and highlighting accents;
• due to the peculiarities of the natural material, the joints remain visible between the canvases.
• bright colors can lose their color under the influence of the sun in just one season.

Wiping dust from natural types of wallpaper, do not use wet cleaning. It is permissible to use a vacuum cleaner or brush away dust with a long-bristled brush.

Glass fiber

Fiberglass wallpaper is optimal for use in a new building that shrinks. They are also often used in offices.

They are made by weaving from glass yarns, so they have increased tensile strength and are environmentally friendly. Unlike glass wool, they do not prick when touched. After gluing them, it is recommended to paint the walls with latex or water-based paints.

Among the advantages of fiberglass:

• great durability and wear resistance;
• service life of about 30 years, if necessary, you can repaint the top layer up to 15 times;
• protection of walls from cracks;
• fiberglass does not burn, is not afraid of water or smoke;
• the material does not create a breeding ground for microorganisms, fungi and mold, therefore, eliminates the most common causes of allergies;

The disadvantages include small choice drawings, the most popular of them: matting, herringbone, rhombus. The walls look pretty boring.

Textile wallpaper

The front part is made of natural materials: silk, linen, cotton, jute, velor. The base is made of paper or non-woven fabric. In production, they are treated with an antistatic and fire-fighting solution. Sometimes the coating is made of synthetic fabrics, it is easier to care for such material, if necessary, it can be vacuum cleaned.


Benefits:

• first of all, the fabric finish looks expensive and exclusive.
• completely environmentally friendly material;
• some flax-based species have antiseptic properties;
• resistant to sun exposure, additionally have heat and sound insulation.
• there are types with an increased roll width, which allows you to make a seamless coating.

The disadvantages include low resistance to dust, dirt, odors, moisture and pets. Since this is a designer type of finish, it has a high price tag. An experienced specialist is required for gluing.

Metallic wallpaper

Metallic wallpapers are perfect for high-tech interiors. They shine with beautiful glare in the sun, and additional lighting will only embellish them and show all their advantages. The interior will be filled with golden, silver or bronze glow.

• metallic wallpaper is attractive due to its beautiful appearance;
• the decorative layer consists of thin aluminum foil, which gives high wear resistance;
• are not afraid of exposure to sunlight and do not lose color over time;
• easy to clean;
• have good sound insulation;

Of course, the price per roll remains high. And before gluing it is required ideally, otherwise the thin foil will wrinkle.

The liquid wallpaper

One of the most unusual types is liquid wallpaper. They combine the best qualities of roll coatings and.

Without experience, it is easy to confuse them in appearance with structural plaster. However, the composition of liquid wallpaper is different: sand is not used in production, cellulose is used as the main component - a harmless adhesive. They contain decorative fibers, glitter, natural dyes to give them a pleasant look.


Liquid wallpaper is sold in the form of a dry powder, which is diluted with water before use. The price for one package weighing 1 kg with a simple structure starts from 360 rubles, it is enough for 4-5 sq. m. when applied in a thin layer (1 mm). Usually the price depends on the amount of decorative particles in the mixture, the brighter it is, the more expensive.

Master class on application liquid wallpaper shown in the video:

They are seriously different from ordinary wallpapers and have the following advantages:

• no joints when applied;
• create an unusual relief structure;
• can level the walls, so finishing time is reduced;
• environmentally friendly material;
• have antistatic properties, do not attract dust;
• service life 6-8 years.

Drying time after applying the mixture is up to 48 hours. It is not recommended to use liquid wallpaper in damp rooms due to their high hygroscopicity.

Wallpaper

Wall murals are also worth mentioning. They allow you to get almost any pattern on the entire wall: flowers, cities, nature, the ocean. Most often, a self-adhesive base is used for their application.



We've covered almost all types of wallcoverings. Now it's easy to pick up the best option for your room, depending on the conditions, requirements and financial capabilities.

Let's talk about this important finishing material, which is used at the final stage of finishing work.

Wallpaper - roll construction material, designed for finishing walls and ceilings of premises to give it an aesthetic appearance and create a comfortable living atmosphere.

Today there are a huge number of types of wallpaper. Let's try to systematize all the basic information about the wallpaper, so that later you can easily determine for yourself what kind of wallpaper you should buy and use in different cases (conditions).

The average lifespan of wallpaper is 5 ... 6 years, although with good conditions it can last much longer.

Wallpaper classification

All wallpapers are classified according to the following criteria:

• water resistance;
• type of surface;
• pattern and texture.

Classification of wallpaper by water resistance

• ordinary - this type of wallpaper is not waterproof, only dry wiping of the wallpaper is possible;
• waterproof - it is possible to clean slightly dirty areas with a semi-moist sponge or towel, without the use of detergents and cleaning agents;
• washable - can be wiped with water and cleaned with detergents;
• increased water resistance, it is mainly vinyl wallpaper - able to withstand repeated cleaning without losing its aesthetic appearance.

The surface of different types of wallpaper can be as follows:

• smooth;
• with an extruded small pattern;
• with a relief (deep) pattern.

Different types of wallpaper can have the same surface.

Classification of wallpaper by pattern:

• wallpapers that require pattern adjustment;
• one-color wallpaper that does not require adjustment.

Main types of wallpaper

Let's consider in more detail the main types of wallpaper.

Paper wallpaper

One of the most common types of wallpaper, photo 1... Such distribution of paper wallpapers was obtained due to their relatively low cost and huge variety. This view wallpaper can be applied for various premises, except for those where there is high pollution and humidity.

Paper wallpaper are produced with usual properties and special ones, with the possibility of painting or additional treatment with means that increase the water resistance of the surface.

Paper wallpapers are available as single-layer (simplex) or multi-layer (duplex), usually consisting of two layers, photo 2. Two-layer wallpaper is produced with an embossed pattern or texture, intended for painting after installation. Such wallpapers are thicker than usual, which allows them to hide minor irregularities, bulges and other defects in the walls. These include corrugated paper (produced by flexographic printing) and embossed double layer paper wallpaper.

Let's list the main advantages and disadvantages of paper wallpaper.

Advantages of paper wallpaper:

• low cost;
• environmentally friendly material;
• not a complicated process of wallpapering;
• sufficiently high vapor permeability, which allows the wall to "breathe";
• increase the thermal insulation properties of walls;
• increase the soundproofing properties of walls (slightly, but there is an effect);
• a huge variety of patterns, colors and shades;
• wallpaper for painting can withstand 10 ... 15 paint cycles without losing its aesthetic appearance.

Disadvantages of paper wallpaper:

• low durability - up to 4 ... 5 years;
• low strength during installation and operation;
• there is practically no way to clean them;
• low quality;
• fade in the sun.

Vinyl wallpapers

Vinyl wallpapers are a two-layer roll material, in which the base is paper or non-woven, and the second layer is vinyl (polyvinyl chloride PVC). The top surface is made with an embossed pattern or illustrations. Such wallpapers are the second most popular after paper wallpapers. Vinyl wallpaper is the best option in terms of price / quality ratio. Roll widths are available from 53 cm to 90 cm.

Depending on the manufacturing technology, vinyl wallpaper is divided into:

1. Non-embossed structural vinyl wallpaper made on the basis of foamed vinyl ( photo 3). They have sufficient strength, practicality, are easy to wash and clean, well hide the unevenness of the walls.

1. Hot Stamping Vinyl Wallpaper – at high temperature, using rollers with a relief structure (not with a smooth surface), an indentation (embossing) is performed, and then a roll of wallpaper is passed through the rubber smoothing rollers. Thus, a durable and smooth wallpaper surface is obtained. Hot-stamped vinyl wallpaper is also divided into the following subspecies:
2. Silk Thread Vinyl Wallpaper (silk-screen vinyl wallpaper, also called satin wallpaper), photo 4... The addition of silk to the structure gives the wallpaper a special sophistication and metallic shine, a durable protective surface layer, which allows to increase the durability of this type of wallpaper. It should be noted that silk-screen wallpaper is thin, which requires an almost perfectly flat wall surface.

4. Compact vinyl imitates the surface of natural stones, various fabrics , photo 5;

5. Heavy-duty vinyl - highly durable, resistant to fading from sunlight, photo 6... The disadvantages include the complexity of gluing, the high cost of the material . Issued different sizes, for example in rolls: 0.53 × 10 m or 0.7 × 10 m.Heavy wallpaper is used for gluing walls in the hallway, corridor, etc.

6. Inhibition (chemical embossing), photo 7.in properties they are identical to heavy wallpaper, differ only in manufacturing technology.

Vinyl wallpaper can be used for pasting walls of rooms with high humidity and pollution, namely, kitchen, bath, hallway, etc.

Let's list the main advantages and disadvantages of using vinyl wallpaper.

Advantages of vinyl wallpaper:

• high water resistance, which allows it to be used in wet operating conditions, as well as to make simple cleaning of wallpaper;
• a wide variety of texture and surface types of wallpaper;
• high durability (compared to paper wallpaper; durability over 10 years);

Disadvantages of vinyl wallpaper:

• the complexity of installation - gluing. When moistened with glue, vinyl wallpaper expands greatly, and when it dries, it narrows, which presents additional difficulty when gluing;
• do not tolerate sudden changes in temperature and humidity;
• very low vapor permeability - in such rooms it is additionally necessary that there is a ventilation system.

Textile wallpaper

Textile wallpaper Is a roll material that consists of a base (paper, non-woven, acrylic), which is laminated using natural and artificial fabric or thread. Textile wallpapers are available in different patterns and textures, depending on the fabric or fiber used:

• cotton;
• viscose;
• artificial fibers;
• velor pile;
• polyester;

We list the main types of textile wallpaper:

- synthetic textile wallpaper – the main sheet of wallpaper is glued to the foam base, fig 8... Such wallpapers have increased sound and heat insulation. The high price of such wallpapers limits their wide distribution.

- textile jute wallpaper – the composition contains jute, in the form of threads, fibers and fabric, fig 8. Jute Is a plant native to India. Natural material in the composition of the wallpaper gives it a beautiful, unique look. Wallpaper does not fade. Easily tolerate wet cleaning.

— textile silk wallpaper - an expensive type of wallpaper in the composition, which contains a small percentage of silk , photo 9... The main disadvantage of such wallpapers is that over time they can fade in the sun.

— textile velor wallpaper (the composition contains nylon pile) - it is very difficult to clean both dry and wet, a lot of dust quickly accumulates in the pile, absorbs odors photo 10... Such wallpapers have low durability. The manufacturer guarantees high resistance to fading of the wallpaper.

— textile linen wallpaper - textile linen is added to the wallpaper. Possesses high durability and resistance to UV radiation. They have bactericidal properties.

— textile felt wallpaper consist of felt natural fabric or artificial fabric imitating felt fabric (acrylic, microfiber, etc.) and also of expanded polypropylene, photo 12... These wallpapers are easy to clean, but difficult to stick. They are used for office and residential premises.

Let's list the main advantages and disadvantages of textile wallpaper:

Advantages of textile wallpaper:

• ecological material;
• increased heat and sound insulation of the material;
• increased lightfastness (resistance to UV radiation);
• hardly flammable material;
• high strength of the material;
• good aesthetic appearance;

• biostability of the material (only in linen wallpaper) - has bactericidal properties, since flax is present in its structure;
• when gluing, no joints are visible, which creates the appearance of a continuous coating.

Disadvantages of textile wallpaper:

• high price;
• low water resistance.

- is a powder or liquid consisting of cotton, cellulose, textile fiber and other components, which are diluted with water-based paint, photo 13... Liquid wallpaper is applied with a roller, spray gun or spatula (depending on the consistency of the starting material) on concrete, gypsum or plasterboard surfaces without significant damage to the surface.

Advantages of liquid wallpaper:

• resistant to UV radiation (colors do not "fade");
• easily cleaned of dirt;
• high durability (more than 10 ... 20 years);
• lack of joints;
• high rates of noise absorption.

Disadvantages of liquid wallpaper:

• not recommended for use in rooms with high humidity and with prolonged exposure to direct sunlight on their surface.
• high price.

Glass wallpaper (glass fabric wallpaper)

Glass fiber - are a roll material on a fiberglass base, impregnated with special compounds. Glass fiber wallpapers are widely used abroad, because it is a safe material. They are produced, as a rule, with a width of 1 m and a length of 25 or 50 m. I make glass wallpaper for painting with latex or other water-based paints, pic 14.

Glass fiber has a number of advantages:

• high fire resistance;
• high rates of heat and sound insulation;
• biologically pure material and its components (non-toxic);
• waterproof material;
• high strength;
• high durability (30 years or more);
• easy to clean with all cleaning agents;
• the ability to repaint the wallpaper up to 20 times without losing its aesthetic appearance;
• able to hide defects and irregularities in the surface of the walls.

Disadvantages of fiberglass:

• high price;
• special glue should be used for gluing.

These wallpapers are made of cork wood by pressing cork chips at a temperature of 360 ... 400 ° C, photo 15.

Benefits of cork wallpaper:

• environmentally friendly material (non-toxic);
• waterproof;
• high strength;
• resistant to "fading" - the color of the wallpaper does not fade when exposed to sunlight;
• antistatic material (dust does not settle so quickly).

Disadvantages of cork wallpaper:

• the only color scheme;
• a complex process of wallpapering that requires skills;
• very thin, easy to tear;
• high price;
• need additional surface protection (varnish, wax).

They consist of two layers: non-woven and plastic polymer. Non-wovenmade from cellulose (70%), photo 16... Wallpaper can be smooth or embossed. Most of these wallpapers are available with an embossed paintable surface. For gluing non-woven wallpaper, you need a special glue designed only for this type of wallpaper.

They have the necessary vapor permeability indicators. A special feature of these wallpapers is their gluing: only the adhesive surface of the wall or ceiling is smeared with glue, and then the wallpaper is glued in a dry state. The advantage of such wallpaper is that it can be glued in any indoor areas... The wallpaper is not toxic. made from natural materials.

The main advantages of non-woven wallpaper:

• waterproof material;
• a sufficient indicator of vapor permeability;
• there is no expansion and shrinkage of the wallpaper when working with them;
• relatively inexpensive wallpaper.

Disadvantages of non-woven wallpaper:

• a small assortment of drawings;
• thin and transparent - when choosing light colors, the surface of the wall or ceiling should be monochromatic and light.

- consist of two layers: the first base layer is paper, and the second layer is thin foil, photo 17... They are distinguished by their special beauty and the ability to reduce the negative impact of electromagnetic waves on humans.

Benefits of metallic wallpaper:

• easy to stick
• good appearance of the wallpaper;
• high thermal insulation properties (compared to other wallpapers);
• waterproof;
• practical to operate.

Disadvantages of metallic wallpaper:

• non-vapor permeable material;
• the surface of the material is easily damaged by especially sharp objects;
• high price.

Wallpaper

They consist of simple paper or vinyl wallpaper on which photos or drawings of nature, landscape, animals, etc. are applied. This type of wallpaper is not resistant to mechanical and UV influences. In this regard, photowall-paper is often additionally treated with varnish, acrylic compositions to impart appropriate properties to the coating. Such wallpapers are usually very thin, which requires gluing to a flat wall surface.

Quartz wallpaper

This is a new kind of wallpaper, which is mainly intended for painting with latex paints.

The benefits of quartz wallpaper:

• fire resistance;
• high abrasion resistance;
• waterproof material;
• easily hides defects and irregularities in the surface of the walls.

Disadvantages of Quartz Wallpaper:

• the need to use a special glue for reliable adhesion of wallpaper to the wall surface (methylcellulose glue);
• wet cleaning is prohibited (only with a vacuum cleaner);
• high price of material.

Other types of wallpaper

There are also many other varieties of wallpaper, namely:

1. Linikrust- consists of two layers: the first consists of paper, the second is a coating that consists of polyvinyl chloride, lonoxin, wood flour and fillers. Such wallpapers have a long service life, are highly water-resistant and easy to clean.
2. Wallpaper based on serpyanka - This two-layer wallpaper, the first layer is non-woven cellulose in the form of a web, and the second layer is foamed cellulose. Such wallpapers are produced in the following widths: 1.06 m and one roll length - 25 m, as well as 0.53 m and a roll length of 10 m. Benefits: wide range of textures and colors (more than 60 types); the ability to paint wallpaper; sufficient vapor permeability of the material, etc.
3. Acrylic wallpaper.
4. Special baby wallpaper... Everyone knows the increased interest of young children in wallpaper and pencils. Therefore, manufacturers have created wallpaper-coloring, where it will be possible for children to develop the talent of an artist without prohibitions, photo 19.

And finally, here are some tips for using (choosing) wallpaper:

1. Do not use wallpaper in very humid operating conditions of the premises (replace them in these rooms with ceramic tiles or polymer lining).
2. All types of wallpaper are more or less afraid of the sun's rays, which eventually lead to "fading" (a decrease in color brightness).
3. The following types of wallpaper are produced for painting:

• paper;
• non-woven;
• fiberglass wallpaper.

1. Do not cover the ceilings with washing (waterproof) wallpaper, as will not perform their functions and disrupt the air exchange in the room.
2. In sleeping rooms, where there is no large "load" on the walls, it is recommended to use paper wallpaper, which will ensure the required vapor permeability of the walls; such wallpapers are environmentally friendly.
3. For walls in the bathroom, toilet and kitchen, it is recommended to use moisture-resistant wallpaper.
4. The vapor permeability of the wallpaper should be at least 100 g / m2 per day. This requirement is necessary to create a comfortable indoor climate. Otherwise, a ventilation system must be provided.
5. For dark rooms, choose a light wallpaper.
6. The room will look aesthetically pleasing and beautiful when wallpaper with a small pattern or plain wallpaper of light colors is used to "expand" the room. Monochromatic dark-colored wallpapers or wallpapers with large drawings, on the contrary, visually narrow the room.
7. It is not recommended to use wallpaper with contrasting colors for residential premises. The opposite should be applied neutral colorsthat will calm the person down.
8. Table 1 shows the most optimal area of \u200b\u200bapplication of different types of wallpaper.

Table 1

The use of wallpaper in various rooms

1. To successfully purchase wallpaper, you should study the most common conventions that are found on wallpaper, photo 20:

Lettering on the wallpaper:

• AND - acrylic;
• B - paper;
• BB - foamed vinyl;
• PV - flat vinyl;
• RV - embossed vinyl;
• TCS - textile wallpaper;
• PAGE - structural wallpaper for painting;
• STL - fiberglass.

Konev Alexander Anatolievich

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Wallpaper is a significant part of the interior, they give a finished look to the design or can themselves be the main highlight of the room. A huge variety of canvases with different performance properties, different designs make you confused in the choice. Therefore, when buying, first of all, you should be interested in quality characteristics, and not only appearance canvases.

Wallpaper classification

Unfortunately, not all sellers are conscientious, and may not know or not agree on the properties of the material. It is better to study the types of wallpaper before visiting the store in order to know their characteristics and your requirements for them. This will make it easier to make choices and dialogue.

Types of wallpaper

We list the types of wallpaper depending on the material of manufacture and present their photos:

The most expensive and natural ones are textile ones. They are chosen in the hall or in the bedroom, they are not suitable for the corridor and kitchen, since the material collects dust well and requires careful maintenance. It is because of this that they are not recommended for allergy sufferers.

Glass cloth - the most durable. Can be used for walls and ceilings. The texture allows you to hide the structure of uneven surfaces. Can be repainted up to 10 times while maintaining texture. An important requirement - the paint for the coating must correspond to the characteristics of the wallpaper, otherwise the purchase quality material will be useless. The same applies to glue: fiberglass wallpaper is heavy and requires special glue.

Non-woven wallpaper - Another type of coating for both walls and ceilings. They are lighter than fiberglass, but are painted no more than twice. To preserve the pattern, they require staining with latex paint with good hiding power. Such wallpapers are soft, easily scratched, therefore they are more often used for the ceiling, the texture of the canvases hides irregularities. It is very convenient for work that the glue is applied to the ceiling, and not to the canvas.

Vinyl wallpapers, depending on the manufacturing technology, are foamed and pressed. Foamed - they have a convex volumetric texture, they seem very warm and cozy. The versatile design allows it to be used in all rooms, but the wear resistance characteristics warn that such material does not withstand washing with aggressive detergents and brushes. And the pressed analogue creates the effect of silk-screen printing, is not afraid of washing and scratching - the cost of such wallpapers is much higher, but they will also last longer.

Paper wallpapers are chosen for bedrooms and children's rooms, they are painted with safe paints and do not emit toxic substances. They can be cleaned with a damp cloth, but do not withstand aggressive washing. The price is comparable to the embossed vinyl wallpaper. Visually, they are easy to distinguish due to the large volume of the roll, the paper base is not so flexible and does not allow to maintain its shape.

Liquid wallpaper - based on gypsum plaster and polymers. They are sold dry and require dilution with water. Safe and durable, create additional heat and sound insulation. Coarse grit can be applied on uneven surfaces even by non-professionals. This will create a unique pattern.

Professionals are able to create real masterpieces with it.

Stereoscopic canvases

In terms of visual effect, wallpapers can be ordinary and 3D stereoscopic. Common - all of the above. Stereoscopic canvases are the most modern type of wall material. The drawing on them is applied in such a way that a full sense of the presence of the image is created. It is especially important to use such material in small rooms to create additional space. When choosing, it should be borne in mind that the image must be viewed from a distance of 1.5 meters.

"Windows", "doors" and "balconies" are suitable for small kitchens, bedrooms. An example of correct use in the photo.

Wallpaper depicting large flowers and animals - for large loggias, halls.

How to choose wallpaper

By appointment

The choice of wall and ceiling coverings depends on their purpose: for which room, for which surface they are suitable.

Non-woven and fiberglass wallpapers are ideal for the ceiling. In a new house that has not yet settled, it is better to use the second option, it is more durable and is able to maintain a flat surface even if a crack occurs. For the same reason, fiberglass wallpaper is popular for pasting walls in new buildings. Correct use of flowers and others design solutions will allow you to make the interior original and fun.

Non-woven wallpaper for the ceiling is a good option when updating the finish of an already settled house. In this case, the overpayment for the material is useless, such wallpapers will cope with the task of leveling and decorating the surface. Also the material is suitable for pre-sale cosmetic repairs. The cost of a 25 m roll of such wallpaper is comparable to the price of a 10 m roll of regular wallpaper.

Textile wallpapers are chosen to emphasize their status if desired. They are pleasant to the touch and create a special atmosphere of coziness and comfort. This choice is not always advisable, the visual difference between embossed vinyl and natural textiles is insignificant, but the price difference is huge.

Paper rolls are created for allergy sufferers and simply connoisseurs of their health. Although certificates of other types of wallpaper speak about their safety when used in residential premises.

Vinyl wallpapers are the most common and versatile. Suitable for all types of rooms, even bathrooms.

By room size

Depending on the size of the room, the color and pattern of the wallpaper is selected. For a small room, it is impractical to use bright colors and contrasting patterns; such a design will make the room even smaller. But the correct use of color can be beneficial and create a sense of comfort in a miniature bedroom, example in the photo.

The combination of a yellow background and white furnishings creates a sense of sunshine and airy space. The absence of a pattern on the wallpaper and the floor to match create a holistic image and remove unnecessary boundaries of space.

By design

Having decided on the style of the room and furniture, you can start choosing wallpaper. Country-style interior design requires walls with simple colors, lack of sheen and pretentiousness. This is how the romantic room turns out, as in the photo.

Classic and modern minimalist styles are compatible with solid color wallpapers. The photo shows an example of using bright walls in a large room. The absence of patterns and lines on the wallpaper and floor is replaced by the shape of furniture and lamps. The interior turns out to be original and boring.

Bold variations of creative, modern designs accentuate wallpaper with original geometric patterns. A minimum of furniture and a "clean" floor create free space, necessary for a comfortable stay in the room.

How to choose wallpaper glue

The choice of glue for wallpaper is an important point in the renovation. You should not skimp on this material, it must correspond to the labeling of the wallpaper. The packages have data on compatibility, each type of canvas has its own glue.

When preparing a solution, there is a possibility of error in calculations, therefore it is convenient to use ready-made compositions. It is especially important to use such mixtures when pasting walls and ceilings with heavy wallpaper. The finished glue retains its properties for a longer time and there is no need to prepare more and more new portions.

A special category of wallpaper is borders; special glue has also been created for them. It is thicker and has greater adhesion; this is required by the specifics of the decorative element. Curbs are subject to frequent tactile effects, thin stripes tend to return to a roll shape and are poorly straightened. The use of special glue will exclude the possibility of self-unsticking of the decor.

Photo of modern wallpaper

Modern fashion trends allow you to use any imagination in design. The types of wallpaper are so diverse that you can create an interior of any dream. And if you do not find a suitable drawing, draw it on fiberglass or non-woven fabrics, contact the design masters.

The craving for bright colors, for nature in the interior is perfectly compensated by the green color. It is worth noting that it is the most beneficial for a person's well-being. Psychologists believe that by surrounding yourself with green shades you can become more balanced, attentive, calmer.

The borders on the walls seem to be outdated, but new canvases with their imitation are being created. Look great in classic design, especially suitable for spacious corridors, as in the photo.

The use of light walls in the interior will allow you to change the design and mood of the room with the help of decorative elements and accessories. Such a canvas is a great background for any ideas.

Japanese style in the interior is relevant. To create it, you need bamboo trunks or their imitation, walls of calm gray, beige, green tones.

A luxurious interior for gold and silver lovers is created with matching walls.

Green kitchen - fashion trend modernity. This is especially true for nature lovers. A green corner in the kitchen is the dream of most housewives.

If in reality it is not realized, then you can create a visual effect that will please no less. After all, it does not need careful daily care.

The variety of finishing materials on the market allows you to choose the ideal option for each case. The choice is always individual, depends on many factors. For an adequate solution, first you need to study all types of wallpaper offer for walls and ceilings.

The types of wallpaper presented today in finishing materials stores amaze with their choice. The assortment can satisfy almost any request and has a varied price range. Having studied the performance characteristics, the advantages and disadvantages of the material, you can avoid unforeseen reactions of the coating in the conditions of a particular room.

Varieties of bases and their characteristics

The base is the first, bottom layer of the coating. It serves as the foundation for the material on which the top decorative layer is applied. Thanks to the base, the coating has a uniform color, it is easier to stick and the strength is increased. There are three main types of bases, paper, non-woven and textile. Each of them has its own characteristics, advantages and disadvantages.

What are the types of wallpapers and their features?

Paper

Wallpapers are presented in a wide variety of colors and patterns at a budget cost. Most often, the covering is made with a roll width of 53 cm. Three types of paper wallpaper are produced, in one, two and three layers.

Since the material is thin, finishing requires skill and a well-prepared wall surface. They are not durable, practically cannot be cleaned, and are unstable to temperature extremes and moisture. Suitable for finishing rooms with the least possible tactile contact, such as bedrooms.

Vinyl

The popularity of the material is due to its wide variety. They are a base and a top polymer or PVC layer, produced by different techniques in several variations:

• foamed vinyl,
• compact vinyl,
• silk screen printing.

Outwardly, all coatings are completely different and have different characteristics. They lend themselves well to wet cleaning, have high strength, are not afraid of high humidity and sunlight, and are suitable for painting.

Non-woven

The species is divided into two types: non-woven and those that have only a non-woven base. It is a dense and durable material that will help hide some unevenness in the walls. The coating is often used for painting; this type has a textured surface with a variety of relief patterns.

Often produced in a wide format, the roll width is 1.06 meters, which is convenient when working with them. The non-woven base is similar to a rubber material, adapts well to the wall surface.

Liquid

A type of finishing material used to decorate walls and ceilings. Safe and environmentally friendly product. They are suitable for decorating children's rooms and other living quarters, as they contain natural ingredients.

Fabric (textile)

Natural, non-allergenic material that is breathable and looks great. Fabric wallpaper increases the sound and heat insulation performance of the room.

There are a lot of types of textile coverings: linen, felt, jute, silk, velor and synthetic. However, the coating accumulates dust on itself, with the exception of linseed, it fades in the sun and has a rather high cost.

One of the most durable material for wall decoration in all respects. Glass fiber is classified as vandal-proof, it is a heavy canvas, it withstands mechanical damage, animal claws, does not burn and is not afraid of moisture. The material is suitable for finishing any room, including a nursery, as it is environmentally friendly and easy to clean.

Natural

The canvases have a natural composition and are made from plants and different parts of trees. The coatings have a recognizable texture peculiar only to them. Natural roll wallpapers are suitable for finishing balconies, toilets and living rooms, they do not react to temperature changes, sunlight and high humidity. The most popular materials include bamboo, jute and cork.

Not the most famous, but very effective type of coating. Linkrusta is produced in several stages and only from natural materials. An exception may be cheaper analogs. Externally, the canvas is a clearly visible relief coating. In the form of various patterns. The material is strong, moisture resistant, durable and safe. Decorate the design of a classic or antique living room.

Acrylic

The acrylic look is created using the same technique as the vinyl with foam spraying, the only difference is in the top layer, it is made of acrylic. The characteristic of the material is low strength and moisture resistance. The thickness of the canvas is half that of vinyl wallpaper; this should be taken into account when painting.

Quartz

The two-layer material consists of a base and a decorative layer of quartz sand with various additives. The look is durable, reliable, with an environmentally friendly composition and a long service life, suitable for coloring.

Photo printing is applied to substrates different types: paper, non-woven, vinyl. The canvases are made in different widths that differ from standard sizes. To increase the strength of the coating, an additional layer can be applied, varnish or laminate. The image can be realistic, in 3D, in the form of a mural or stereoscopic.

Texture classification (surface type)

Smooth

The smooth finish accentuates the pattern and color of the wallpaper. For such wallpaper, a flat surface is required, since even small defects will be visible. Smooth wallpaper is not suitable for painting and is used as a final finish.

Embossed

The textured surface of the wallpaper can complete the image of the room or be used for painting. Manufacturing technologies provide for different methods of applying the top layer, which allows you to create complex patterns and imitation of other materials.

Types of embossed wallpaper

Metallic

Like other types of wallpaper, they consist of a base and a finishing layer. A paper or non-woven fabric is taken as a basis. For the top layer, a thin aluminum foil is used that has previously undergone an artificial oxidation process or treated with a dye to reduce electrical conductivity. The surface of the canvas can be mirrored and matte, with a uniform or partial gloss.

Flock or velor

Wallpaper can be classified as textile. The canvas has a velvety surface in the form of a pattern, this is achieved by applying textiles to a paper or non-woven base treated with glue. The result is undeniably spectacular, plus it increases the soundproofing and thermal insulation qualities of the room. However, fabric wallpaper absorbs odors and attracts dust.

Silkscreen

One of the types vinyl covering with a complex manufacturing method, as a result of which a beautiful shiny canvas with patterns is obtained, among other things, it has good quality indicators.

With bugles (with beads)

Otherwise they are called bubbly. The surface of the canvas is decorated with glass beads of different sizes, forming multi-colored patterns. The surface of this type of wallpaper is quite durable and tough, with a high resistance to damage.

Varieties by the number of layers

The number of layers affects the strength, service life and appearance of the material. This division by the number of layers refers to paper-type wallpaper. In total, they are distinguished by three: simplex, duplex and triplex, respectively, one, two and three layers.

Varieties by the method of drawing

Embossed

Embossed wallpaper is a covering with a relief pattern applied in a special way. There are paper and vinyl embossed wallpapers.

• Paper wallpaper is made of two layers, a pattern is squeezed out in the upper one, as a result of which a relief surface is formed.
• Hot-stamped vinyl wallpaper is made using a slightly different technology. A foamed PVC layer is applied to a non-woven or paper base, which is subsequently heated to a high temperature and pressed with a roller with a convex pattern.

Embossed wallpapers have high durability, last longer, do not fade in the sun and tolerate wet cleaning well. They are suitable for finishing kitchens and bathrooms, as they do not absorb odors and do not react to temperature changes.

Printed

The seal is applied to two types of coatings, primed or non-primed. Primed wallpaper has a higher cost, but is treated to prevent fading. There are no preliminary procedures for an unprimed canvas, the drawing is printed immediately on the front part.

Natural

Natural wallpapers are made from natural raw materials and have a natural pattern. The variety for bamboo wallpapers comes from the use of different parts of the stem. Cork coatings do not differ in variety, the pattern can have different density and color splashes. Jute fabrics are usually made without a pattern, but can be in the form of weaves and blotches.

Types by appointment

For walls

An incredible selection of materials with completely different external data and characteristics is presented today for wall decoration. The assortment allows you to choose wallpaper with an orientation to a specific room and its conditions, be it high humidity, the presence of animals or bright sunlight.

For ceiling

For finishing the ceiling, white textured wallpaper with a wide meter wide, for example, vinyl, non-woven or fiberglass, is usually used. Such coatings can have different patterns and are suitable for coloring. Another type is liquid wallpaper, their main advantage is the absence of seams after application. They are also great for ceiling decoration. You can also use colored wallpaper or with photo printing, the nature of the image depends entirely on personal preference.

Functionality classification

Washable

Washable wallpaper can have varying degrees of interaction with water. The marking applied to the back of the canvas or packaging will help determine the method of care. Typically, the markings are divided into four types and are indicated using waves.

Moisture resistant

Wall-paper with increased resistance to moisture is suitable for kitchen, bath or toilet decoration. They allow wet cleaning and do not react to changes in humidity. Moisture-resistant wallpapers include: fiberglass, vinyl, silk-screen printing, paintable and non-woven backing.

Vandal-proof

A coating with increased protection against various kinds of damage. There are several main types: laminated, fiberglass, non-woven and commercial wallpaper. The glued anti-vandal coatings do not provide absolute protection against stains or scratches, but significantly reduce the likelihood of residual marks. A great option for a hallway or corridor.

Sound absorbing

Almost all types of wallpaper have varying degrees of sound-absorbing properties. However, some of them have high rates of this quality.

• Tufting wallpaper consists of a fabric base and a synthetic coating, in addition to soundproofing, tufting also insulates the room.
• Velor wallpaper consists of a paper base and artificial velor. A coating with pleasant appearance, but not the highest sound insulation.
• Cork wallpaper. Natural and maximum noise-proof finish.

For painting

Different types of textured wallpaper are used for painting, some of them are suitable for repeated staining, others only withstand a few procedures. The main types include paper, non-woven and fiberglass wallpapers.

• The most durable of them are fiberglass, they can withstand many stains, while maintaining their qualities.
• Non-woven wallpaper can be smooth and embossed. The textured vinyl foam cover is easily damaged.
• Paper wallpapers have an environmentally friendly composition, but are short-lived.

Other types of wallpaper

Self-adhesive

Finishing type that does not require additional costs for glue. Dry glue is applied to the reverse side of the PVC sheet, which is covered with protective paper on top. Before applying the wallpaper, the protective paper is simply removed.

Color-changing from temperature (thermal wallpaper)

Fluorescent

Their other name is glowing wallpaper. In the interior, this type of finish looks very impressive, modern and unusual. The trick lies in a special paint with luminescent forms, it is these substances that make the picture glow. Under the light of ordinary lamps or daylight, the wallpaper does not differ from ordinary ones, the pattern appears only in ultraviolet light.

Leather

Leather wallpaper is an infrequent way of interior decoration. The material is practically not found in ordinary stores and has a high cost. The leather cover looks impressive, it does not allow moisture to pass through, retains heat and serves as a soundproofing barrier. However, the material is very capricious, when working with it, the hand of a master is required and possible mechanical contacts should be avoided during operation.

Wallpaper consisting of a self-adhesive backing and a black foil. The front part is covered with vinyl spraying, on which you can draw with crayons. Perfect solution for a children's room allows you to solve two problems at the same time - the development of the child's creative abilities and the original look of the interior. There are also marker tapes, but they are often used in offices.

Photo gallery

A variety of production technologies that exist today and an unimaginable choice of colors greatly simplify our life, any design task can be realized only by choosing the desired type of wallpaper and choosing the desired shade.

How to choose the right wallpaper for a room? Types of wall-paper, expert recommendations.

Nicely decorated rooms are one of the components of a cozy atmosphere in a house or apartment. Therefore, special attention has been paid to wall decoration from ancient times. And one of the oldest ways to decorate a home, along with painting or painting them, was decorating with special materials. These were wicker mats, tapestries, and printed fabrics. Later, with the widespread development and cheapening of paper production, already at the end of the 19th century, wall decoration began to be made of paper - and this is how wallpaper appeared, in the sense that we are accustomed to today. It is interesting that long before the spread of this technology to Europe, paper was actively used as a decoration material in China and Japan.

The profession of an upholsterer in the old days was highly respected and highly paid, so very few could afford such a home decoration. By the way, interesting fact - the great French playwright Jean-Baptiste Moliere (Poquelin) came from a hereditary family of upholsterers. How lucky the world culture was that he moved away from family traditions - mankind could get a little-known upholsterer, but lose Moliere!

Wallpaper is a type of building finishing materials for cladding walls and ceilings indoors. They are a rolled-up canvas. The main dimensions of the canvas: width - 0.53, 0.70, 1.06 m, length - 10 and 25 m. Wikipedia

However, let's not get distracted anymore. Despite such a rich history and the appearance of many other finishing materials, wallpaper is not going to "give up its popularity" at all. On the contrary, their family, paying tribute to the old technologies, is constantly replenished with innovative developments that significantly expand the possibilities of high-quality interior decoration. And this diversity is sometimes difficult to understand. Therefore, in the proposed publication, the types of wallpaper offered today will be considered, their advantages and disadvantages will be weighed, and general recommendations for choosing such a finishing material will be given.

Wallpaper rating by type

	A photo	Name	Rating	Price
#1			⭐ 95 / 100 1 - voice
#2		Vinyl wallpapers	⭐ 85 / 100
#3		Paper wallpaper	⭐ 70 / 100
#4			⭐ 65 / 100
#5		Glass fiber	⭐ 55 / 100

Varieties of wallpaper by material of manufacture

Many types of wallpapers made using various materials of natural and artificial origin are currently offered for sale. To begin with, let's just list them, and then take a closer look at each type.

• Paper wallpaper.
• Vinyl wallpaper with paper or non-woven backing.
• Acrylic wallpaper, also on paper or non-woven backing.
• Fabric (textile) wallpaper.
• Wallpaper made from natural materials - cork, bamboo, etc.
• Fiberglass wallpaper.
• Metallic wallpaper.

Somewhat apart in this list are liquid wallpapers and photo wallpapers. Here the differences are not so much in the material of manufacture, but in the first case - in the very texture and technology of applying the material, and in the second - in the specifics of the design of the canvases and their configuration.

Paper wallpaper

Wallpaper made of paper is currently the most inexpensive category, which is one of the main advantages. By the way, this does not mean a lack of quality at all: modern paper canvases are far from the simple wallpapers that were offered on sale a couple of decades ago.

Another great quality of paper wallpapers is their environmental friendliness. In addition, the structure of the paper is good for water vapor, that is, under the decoration on the walls, excessive moisture will never accumulate - an optimal environment for the development of various microflora such as mold or mildew.

The design of paper wallpaper is striking in its diversity - for every taste and color, in various designs - and colorful patterns, and relief embossing, and structured textures with the introduction of solid or filamentous inclusions into paper fibers. I must say right away that in terms of the ability to decorate walls, paper wallpapers are in no way inferior to any others, and sometimes even surpass them in these indicators.

Wallpaper of two types: simplex and duplex

• Simplex - this is a single-layer wallpaper, that is, a drawing is simply applied on a paper canvas.
• Duplex - this is a combination of two paper layers, the lower one of which performs a kind of "load-bearing reinforcing" function, and the outer one is already responsible for decorativeness. It is in duplex wallpaper options that embossed or structured design is possible.

Duplex wallpaper, of course, has increased strength and durability compared to simplex, which, however, is reflected in their cost.

Of course, paper wallpaper is not devoid of shortcomings, and very significant ones:

Any paper is characterized by "fear of water" - from waterlogging its structure begins to blur. This, by the way, somewhat complicates the process of sticking such wallpapers - in order for them to be well fixed on the wall, the glue must saturate their structure. Therefore, after smearing the canvases with glue, they are given time for such an impregnation, and only after that they are attached to the surface. And soggy wallpaper can begin to "crawl" in inept hands, wrinkle, fold and even burst. That is, when working with them, extreme accuracy is required - an incorrectly pasted canvas usually does not provide a second chance and is sent to the scrap.

Paper does not have outstanding abrasion resistance. That is, it is easy to damage such a finish even with seemingly very insignificant mechanical contacts. For this reason, paper wallpaper should not be glued in rooms where frequent contact with the walls is not excluded - for example, in the hallway or corridor. But for the living room, nursery - this is a great option.

The two negative qualities listed above naturally lead to the third - such a finish does not like wet cleaning, especially if the dirt has to be cleaned with a brush or sponge. This also limits the scope of use of paper wallpaper.

Among paper wallpapers there are also those with increased resistance to abrasion, but still, even they cannot be called full-fledged washable.

By the way, when choosing paper wallpaper, it is not out of place to pay attention to their density. Approximately 110 ÷ 140 g / m² is considered the golden mean - it is easier to work with them, and in addition, their density is even enough to hide minor flaws in the wall. Lightweight wallpaper (density less than 110 g / m²) is very wet and creep when glued and requires a perfectly prepared surface. Any flaw is not something that will not disappear - it even, rather, will be emphasized after the canvases dry. Well, heavy wallpaper, with a density of more than 140 g / m², will require more effort when gluing, simply because of its increased weight and reduced elasticity.

Finally, most paper wallpapers do not show UV resistance either. In a word - the external design of such canvases will actively fade in those areas where the sun's rays enter through the windows. This must also be borne in mind when choosing a finishing material.

Resistance to such external influences is also different - it is indicated in the characteristics of the wallpaper. This will be discussed in more detail below.

Prices for paper wallpaper

paper wallpaper

The disadvantages are significant, but they are justified by the low cost of wallpaper. Yes, their average service life is short, usually no more than 5-7 years. But replacing them with new ones (especially since during the specified period the finishing often already begins to bore the owners) will not entail any significant costs.

Someone at first may, simply out of ignorance, scare off such a name - what kind of non-woven is this? But there is no reason to worry about the unnaturalness of the material. In fact, non-woven fabric is the closest relative of ordinary paper. The raw materials for its production are cellulose fibers in the same way, although they undergo a radically different processing technology. And as a result, it is an environmentally friendly material, completely harmless to humans and the environment. This is confirmed by the very widespread use of interlining in medicine, including for the manufacture of sterile overalls.

The peculiarities of the production technology predetermine the remarkable qualities that distinguish the non-woven fabric from its paper “brother”.

First of all, it is necessary to note the high strength of the material - to damage it, the tensile or abrasion forces are required much more significant. Moreover, moistening the material does not in the least reduce these characteristics. And at the same time, all the advantages of paper, including vapor permeability, full preservation.

By and large, non-woven fabric is not required, like paper, to be impregnated with glue - a special sparse arrangement of fibers makes this process very fast. And when finishing, it is enough just to qualitatively coat the wall with glue. But even when wet, the non-woven fabrics do not begin to swell, deform, "float". That is, gluing them is not much easier than paper ones, which is especially important for inexperienced repairmen. Moreover, non-woven wallpaper of medium and high density is able to hide minor wall defects, that is, it is often not required to bring the surface to perfect smoothness. And one more advantage, also associated with elasticity - when the walls shrink, if small cracks appear on them, they will not show through the finish. Paper in such situations usually breaks, non-woven fabric is able to cope with such deformation, stretching in place.

Non-woven wallpaper prices

non-woven wallpaper

On the non-woven fabric, paints perfectly fit, relief embossing is well performed. And in terms of the richness of design options, such wallpapers may well compete with paper ones.

Monophonic non-woven wallpaper with a textured pattern is also produced - they are intended for subsequent painting in the shade chosen by the owners.

We can mention one more feature of non-woven wallpaper, which, with a different approach, is regarded as both a disadvantage and an advantage. If you look again at the illustration with the non-woven fabric, then its translucent structure is clearly visible. That is, thin non-woven wallpaper after gluing may shine through a little. And this, in turn, means that the surface for finishing must be carefully prepared - primed with one color, so that "spots" do not break through the wallpaper. For example, if a plasterboard wall is pasted over, it should not be putty over the entire area, and not only along the lines of the joints of the gypsum boards and at the locations of the screws. However, it is advisable to completely putty the plasterboard surface under any wallpaper, but for a slightly different reason.

How is it recommended to prepare the walls before wallpapering?

Do not rely too much on the fact that wallpaper can hide defects in the surface of the wall. Yes, the preparation of surfaces is not carried out with such "fanaticism" as for painting, but it still requires thoroughness. A special publication of our portal will tell you more about it. And one more article will give recommendations.

But this "translucency" is often viewed by some interior designers as a virtue. Such qualities of non-woven fabric open up very wide horizons of completely exclusive wall decoration, with a kind of tint "backlighting from the inside".

Finally, it should be noted that non-woven, however, like paper, is widely used as a base layer in the manufacture of many other types of wallpaper, which will be discussed below.

Vinyl wallpapers

But with this type of wallpaper, naturalness is already "lame". Such canvases are made by spraying a layer of polymer - polyvinyl chloride (in common parlance - vinyl) on a paper or non-woven base, on which either a colorful pattern, or a relief pattern, or their combination is applied.

This outer coating dramatically alters the performance of the finish. The canvases acquire water resistance, that is, they can be used in rooms with high humidity and even with a high probability of direct hit of water jets (bathroom, shower, toilet). They are also not afraid of wet cleaning, including the use of detergents, sponges, brushes, etc. In addition, dirt on their surface is not absorbed into the structure - they freeze on the surface and become invisible after cleaning. And this is just what is needed for the conditions of the kitchen.

Surface strength, resistance to abrasion - this is an invaluable quality for rooms where the walls are traditionally exposed to increased mechanical stress - corridors, hallways. In combination with the possibilities of wet cleaning - a very good option.

The disadvantage of such wallpapers can be considered their very low, close to zero vapor permeability. That is, the wall is "sealed" with trim, unable to "breathe". In unfavorable conditions, this becomes a prerequisite for the appearance of foci of mold, and the very surface of the glued walls can be covered with evaporation - droplets of condensation.

Vinyl wallpaper prices

vinyl wallpapers

The way out is to provide reliable, to eliminate stagnation of moisture in the atmosphere of the room. And the walls before pasting with vinyl wallpaper should be carefully prepared, including processing with primers with an antiseptic effect.

Note that there are vinyl wallpapers with microperforation, that is, in which the necessary conditions for sufficient vapor permeability. But the price for such samples is much higher.

The disadvantages of vinyl wallpaper can be attributed to the quite noticeable characteristic smell of plastic, which, of course, disappears over time, but often it takes a long time.

In a word, according to the totality of features, the conclusion suggests itself - in living quarters, especially in children's rooms, vinyl wallpaper has nothing to do at all. Their scope is kitchens, bathrooms, showers, corridors and hallways, loggias and other similar premises.

The liquid wallpaper

By and large, this is not wallpaper at all in the classical sense of the term. They are only related by their purpose - wall decoration, and the source material - again, they are cellulose fibers, however, in a fluffed and finely cut form.

But the finishing technique is more akin to the application of decorative plaster. And here just effort is not enough - quite often a considerable artistic talent is also needed in order, for example, to create a beautiful multicolored composition on the wall.

What is liquid wallpaper and how are walls decorated with them?

Some owners of houses and apartments have not even heard of this method of decoration. But he has many advantages! And one of them is something that you can even make, give them the desired tint, and then apply on the surface of the walls. More details about this extraordinary material - in a special publication of the portal.

Prices for liquid wallpaper

the liquid wallpaper

Wallpaper

This type of decoration is also carried out on the individual. Although most often photo wallpapers are made on the same basis as regular wallpapers, they are best viewed separately. The fact is that with regard to such a finish, somewhat different principles of selection and evaluation are already in effect - it is decorativeness that comes to the fore, sometimes to the detriment of performance.

The peculiarity is that, unlike all other types, such wallpapers are purchased not by the number of rolls per a certain finishing area, but by a piece set. It usually includes several fragments, of which on the wall, showing ingenuity and increased accuracy, it is necessary to compose a photopanel.

Once upon a time, at the dawn of the appearance of photowall-paper on the domestic market, the fashion for them was furious. They acquired without much analysis what they could get. And, accordingly, murals were glued often without any reference to the rest of the decoration of the room. Gradually the passions subsided, and now photowall-paper is most often used, so to speak, "pointwise", carefully choosing the composition. So that it really harmonizes with the decoration, becomes its complement or even the central elements of the interior, "expands the space", and gives other interesting effects. But in any case, it didn’t look like frank kitsch.

Where are photo wallpapers appropriate and how to glue them yourself?

The choice of photo wallpaper should be approached very carefully - there is no guarantee that a large, full-wall image that you like today will not become a constant irritant after a few months. If you decide to buy and - read the recommendations in a special publication of our portal.

* * * * * * *

The publication has not yet mentioned metal (more precisely - metallized) wallpaper. The fact is that, we have to admit, the author of these lines has never in his life had a chance to deal with them. And to talk about the merits and demerits of a material with which you are completely unfamiliar is at least incorrect.

Video: Overview of modern wallpaper types

What other criteria are used to evaluate and select wallpaper

It seems that clarity with which wallpaper for which room is most suitable has been achieved. But even the material of the same type can have certain differences in terms of gluing technology, operating conditions and even dismantling during the next repair. You should be able to understand this too.

Assessment of the specific qualities of wallpaper

Finishing materials in our time are usually purchased not in the markets, but in specialized stores. That is, you can count on the help of the staff. Of course, the advice you get from a polite and well-trained salesperson can be very helpful. However, sometimes the desire to “melt” the stale goods can move the “counter workers” to “embellish reality”. That is, it makes sense to learn how to read the information that is necessarily located on almost every roll, more precisely, on its packaging label.

• Of course, the material for the manufacture of wallpaper is indicated (for multi-layer - both the substrate and the outer decorative layer).
• The dimensions of the web in a roll must be indicated (in the example shown in the illustration - highlighted with a red ellipse and an arrow).

Roll sizes are most often standardized. And it is necessary to clarify them in order to calculate the required amount of purchased material and for the subsequent cutting of canvases.

• Each, so to speak, "model" of wallpaper is assigned a unique number - an article (highlighted in blue). Even a very slight change in the drawing or its color entails a change in this article. That is, in the case when material is purchased for finishing one room, you need to make sure that the article matches on all rolls.
• But that's not all. Even with the same article numbers, an exact match of color tones is not guaranteed. Here it is more about production technology - it is very difficult to fill production equipment with paint in ideal proportions. Hence - and the possible spread, which, by the way, in the store can be completely invisible. But after pasting the wallpaper on the wall - to appear "in all its glory." To avoid such a "failure", it is necessary to purchase rolls of exactly one batch (highlighted in green). With this choice, color tones will be completely eliminated.
• The label also contains a number of icons that speak about the features of this type of wallpaper (in the illustration, highlighted with a purple frame and an arrow). If you know how to decipher them, the picture will become completely clear. So take on "arms":

A. Symbols that indicate the resistance of wallpaper to wet cleaning.

Pictogram	Decoding the meaning
	Wallpaper is not moisture resistant. Moistening is allowed only when glued to the wall.
	Periodic wet cleaning is allowed without the application of mechanical force.
	Wallpaper of increased moisture resistance, allowing an unlimited number of wet cleaning, but without the use of abrasive load.
	The durability of the wallpaper allows for wet cleaning with brushes.
	Wallpaper of increased moisture and wear resistance. The number of wet cleaning with the use of abrasive action and household cleaning agents is not limited.

B. Symbols indicating the resistance of the wallpaper to fading.

Pictogram	Decoding the meaning
	Almost no fading resistance. Wallpaper should be glued only in the “shadow” zone.
	Weak resistance to UV exposure.
	Moderate UV resistance.
	High resistance to fading - wallpapers are also suitable for sunny rooms.
	Maximum resistance to ultraviolet light - the wallpaper will retain its original richness of colors, regardless of their location during the entire period of use.

B. Symbols indicating the peculiarities of applying and removing wallpaper.

Pictogram	Decoding the meaning
	The glue is applied to the wallpaper.
	The glue is applied only to the wall.
	The wallpaper is equipped with an adhesive layer, which requires moistening with water to activate
	The wallpaper is removed from the wall with whole canvases.
	When the wallpaper is removed, it delaminates - the bottom layer (backing) remains on the wall.
	Moistening the wallpaper is required to remove it.

By the way, let's clarify one question - is it good that the bottom layer (more often it concerns non-woven substrates) remains glued to the wall? Yes, finishers use this conceived. The remaining non-woven layer becomes a good reinforcing "mesh" on which the putty fits perfectly for any further finishing, for example, painting or gluing new wallpaper.

D. Badges additional information about wallpaper

Pictogram	Decoding the meaning
	Two-layer wallpaper with an embossed relief pattern.
	Wallpaper with increased surface strength, resistance to mechanical stress and scratching.
	It is recommended to glue the wallpaper with an overlap, followed by through-cutting and removal of the trimmed fragments.
	Wallpapers are part of the conceptual collection, that is, additional interior accessories can be purchased for them - curtains, furniture capes, baseboards and other elements of the general decoration of the room.

Other signs of additional information are possible. Their meaning is usually not difficult to guess intuitively.

And there is another rather large and extremely important group of icons left unconsidered. This is done intentionally - we will get acquainted with it in the last section of the publication devoted to calculating the number of wallpapers.

Types of wallpaper: photo

How to determine the required number of rolls of wallpaper?

When the necessary wallpapers have, in principle, been selected, it is time to calculate the required amount.

At first glance, everything seems quite obvious. The length and width of a roll of wallpaper is known, that is, it is easy to calculate its area. The walls are also easy to measure along the perimeter and height. The area ratio will show the number of rolls.
Is that so?

No not like this.

There are a few more important rules that should be taken into account that will directly affect the calculation results.

Let's go in order.

First of all, the axiom is observed - the surface along the entire length from floor to ceiling (or, more precisely, from the lower to the upper edge of the area to be glued) should be covered with one solid sheet. Horizontal joints are completely excluded. That is, if, when cutting the roll into solid canvases, even very long pieces remain, but still insufficient to close the site, their use is sharply limited - only for filling small fragments of walls, for example, above doors, above and below windows, etc.

This means that the number of solid sheets that can be cut from one roll becomes a very important parameter.

When cutting, of course, the height of the site plays an important role. It should be remembered that the technology of the correct gluing of wallpaper assumes the presence of allowances at the top and bottom, approximately 20 ÷ 30 mm, which will then be carefully trimmed to fit the ruler, for example, along the line of the ceiling and floor plinths, or simply along the marked horizontal line. That is, when calculating, about 50 mm is added to the measured height of the glued area.

A simple example. The length of the roll is 10.05 m. It is necessary to cut it into canvases for pasting the area with a "clean" height of 2.2 m. To this height, add another 0.05 m for allowances at the top and bottom. In total, it turns out that 10.05 / 2.25 \u003d 4.46, that is, four full canvases and the remainder of 0.46 × 2.25 \u003d 1.04 m, which will already have to look for another application (spoiler - it is usually found) ...

But that's not all. It also happens that the number of whole canvases becomes even less.

To deal with this, let's move on to considering those remaining pictograms that carry information about the order of the wallpaper on the wall when they are heated and the features of the mutual docking of the canvases.

For a start - just icons, then let's take a closer look at them.

№№	Pictogram	Decoding the meaning
1		All canvases are glued in the same direction indicated by the arrow.
2		Wallpaper has a pattern of "reversible" type, that is, each subsequent canvas is turned 180 degrees relative to the previous one.
3		The pattern on the wallpaper does not require any alignment.
4		The drawing requires alignment, but no vertical shift.
5		The drawing requires alignment with the vertical shift of the canvases.
6		The step of the picture (its rapport) and the amount of vertical shift equal to half of the rapport.

1 - this icon does not impose any additional requirements for calculations.

2 - such wallpapers are rare, and usually their pattern does not require horizontal alignment. As a rule, vertical lines prevail on such canvases. An example is shown in the illustration below.

It is quite obvious that the cutting of the web from the roll can be carried out from any arbitrary point.

3 - also a very convenient option for cutting and gluing: the drawing does not require alignment, it is enough to just join the edges of the sheets. Marking during cutting can also be carried out from a completely arbitrary point, that is, the cutting line of the previous blade becomes the starting point for the next one.

It is clear that when such wallpaper is heated, the alignment of the pattern is limited only by the accurate joining of the edges of adjacent canvases

4 - here it is already a little more complicated. The drawing requires horizontal alignment, and when cutting, usually all canvases begin their measurement from one point in the drawing.

When cutting, the situation is not excluded that the strips of wallpaper will go into scraps. It is easy to understand that in the most unfavorable situation, the length of these stripes can be close to the value of the rapport.

5 - an even more complicated option, when, in order to align the pattern, each next canvas has to be shifted vertically to the height of half the rapport.

When cutting such wallpapers, again, a situation may arise with a considerable amount of scraps, by analogy with the previous example.

6 - this pictogram indicates the height of the rapport in centimeters and the amount of displacement of the canvases. Very useful information for making calculations.

Thus, when determining the number of canvases from one roll, it makes sense to take into account also the height of the rapport. That is, the number of solid canvases may decrease.

Interestingly, experienced finishers strive to minimize waste through a variety of tricks. So, under certain circumstances, cross-cutting can help. That is, from the first roll, for example, canvases No. 1, No. 3 and No. 5 are cut, from the second - No. 2, No. 4 and No. 6. The alternation can be different - it all depends on the source data. But to appreciate the feasibility of such an approach, experience is certainly required. Although, if mathematical thinking is well developed, why not try to calculate this option as well?

So, if the perimeter of the room (or the length of the sections for finishing) is known, then it is easy to calculate how many canvases standard width required to completely close the walls. And then - this value is divided by the number of canvases obtained from one roll. The result, of course, is the required number of rolls.

There are often recommendations to immediately add another spare roll to the received quantity. There is a sound grain in this, but you still need to assess the circumstances, as they say, in place. Rolls are different, including a meter wide and 25 meters long! Will you need such a stock? - it seems unlikely. In addition, the cost of an extra roll for some elite-class wallpaper can seriously hit your pocket. So discretion is required in this matter.

Surely questions will follow - what about window doorways? Should they be subtracted from the total wall area, or taken for a solid surface?

It should be understood correctly that there are no absolute methods for calculating the number of wallpapers - in any particular case, there will certainly be some nuances. This, in particular, applies to doors with windows.

Again, when assessing the situation, you need to approach it thoughtfully. For example, the room has only one standard door and one typical window. It would probably be reasonable not to “notice” them in the calculations, taking them for a solid wall. The surplus will be small and will most likely go to cover small fragments of the walls. But if, say, a hall with several doors is finished, or a room with panoramic glazing, then, of course, it makes sense to exclude the width of windows and doors from the general perimeter. And the areas above the doors and windows will be pasted over due to the stock created or formed during the cutting.

Below, the reader will be offered a calculator for calculating the number of wallpaper rolls, built on the considered algorithm. The introduction of the initial data after the explanation carried out should not raise any questions. And therefore - just a few words about the results of the calculations.

The result will be shown as an integer, that is, rounded up. This value does not include the recommended backup roll.

In addition, one more indicator is given below - this is the same result, but already with an accuracy of tenths of the roll length. Why - no one in the store sells wallpaper like that? Yes, just so that the user can immediately assess what kind of reserve he has, and whether it makes sense to stock up on an additional roll. For example, in both 7.1 and 7.8, the rounded result will be shown as 8 rolls. But in the first case, almost a whole roll remains in stock, and, apparently, there is no need for an additional one. And in the second - you can even think about purchasing one extra.

Check out the detailed illustrated instructions in our new article on our portal -

Please use it, but take it thoughtfully.