Application of bituminous mastic. Waterproofing the foundation with bitumen mastic How to treat the foundation with bitumen mastic

Technoprok offers special lubricating liquid rubbers that are easy to use,

bituminous mastics for foundation waterproofing

with their own hands or by others, not very experienced, but easily and reliably, "Hurray!"

To get it right do your own foundation waterproofing, we recommend pasty mastics Elastomix and Elastopaz, as well as bitumen-polymer primer PazPrimer or Technoprok primer.

These are high quality environmentally friendly materials produced in Israel at the Pazkar plant. In Russia, these materials are called one-component liquid rubber, in the West they are classified as cold water-based bitumen-polymer mastic.

Do-it-yourself foundation waterproofing video materials

To better understand how do-it-yourself bituminous waterproofing of the foundation is performed and what are the rules for independent work with bitumen you need to know, watch 2 slideshows.

The first shows the repair of the waterproofing of the foundation (dug out after a year), and the second - waterproofing the foundation with bitumen mastic during the construction phase.

The first slideshow (70 photos) clearly shows how to properly waterproof the foundation with your own hands... You can see all the stages:

1. priming with bitumen-polymer PazPrimer;
2. waterproofing the foundation with bituminous mastic;
3. protection and thermal insulation of waterproofing;
4. the device of the insulated blind area.

The repair of the waterproofing of the foundation was shown here, since for some reason during the construction it was decided that the cottage was located on a dry site with a low level of groundwater. But six months later in the spring, the owner of this house realized that he also needed waterproofing of the foundation.

A narrow trench was dug, so the option of automated application of liquid rubber was impossible. Decided:

make waterproofing of the foundation with your own hands with bituminous mastic

Please note that not just bitumen is used, but a water-based bitumen mastic modified with polymers, and applied cold, without heating.

Now watch another slideshow showing bituminous waterproofing of another foundation. Here, the option of automated application of liquid rubber was not possible due to the large number of formwork props. Therefore, it was decided to waterproof the foundation with Elastopaz bitumen mastic. The work was carried out in the fall of 2014 by a Technoprok dealer in Kazan.

In the video, in both cases, a paste-like mastic is used in buckets, which is applied by hand. For automated application, not mastics are used, but emulsions. These are materials under the Rapidflex and TECHNOPROK trademarks, for the application of which special waterproofing equipment is used.

How to do it yourself bituminous waterproofing of the foundation

Bitumen are tar-like products, which are a mixture of hydrocarbons and their nitrogenous, oxygenated, sulfurous and metal-containing derivatives. Already several thousand years ago, ancient people noticed that bitumens are insoluble in water, and this makes them good materials for waterproofing. The ancient Egyptians, Babylonians and Indians of South America used natural bitumen for waterproofing structures for various purposes, including foundations.

But today the reserves of natural bitumen are mostly depleted. However, for a long time mankind has learned to obtain artificial bitumen. These are the residual products of oil, coal and shale refining. In composition, artificial bitumen is very similar to natural bitumen and is widely used in the production of waterproofing materials.

Let's try to figure out, in relation to waterproofing the foundation with our own hands, what is the difference if bitumen or bituminous mastics Elastopaz and & Elastomix are used.

Bitumen is a hard material, so it must be liquefied to become plastic and flowable. And then it can be used for waterproofing building structures. The traditional method involves heating bitumen with the addition of solvents.

Everything is much simpler and more convenient and faster and absolutely safer if you use not ordinary bitumen for waterproofing the foundation, but cold-applied water-based bitumen-polymer mastic. Waterproofing the foundation with Elastomix or Elastopaz bitumen mastic does not require heating or special skill or experience.

All that is needed is to open the bucket, mix and apply with a spatula or roller or brush to the surface. This is elastic waterproofing the foundation with mastic bituminous cold application.

Another huge plus of these materials is that they are environmentally friendly and do not contain solvents.

Technoprok, instead of waterproofing the foundation with bitumen, offers modern water-based bitumen mastics. A mastic coating is more elastic and durable than bitumen itself. Accordingly, no solvent vapors, no odors.

Thus, bituminous waterproofing of the foundation with liquid rubber mastic Elastopaz or Elastomix is \u200b\u200benvironmentally friendly and fireproof, elastic and with excellent adhesion, durable and seamless. All this guarantees reliable waterproofing for many years.

Therefore, if you decide to use bitumen for waterproofing the foundation, it will be correct, convenient, safe, environmentally friendly, reliable and durable to use not just bitumen (or cheap bitumen mastic on solvents), but to make the foundation waterproofing with bitumen polymer cold water-based liquid rubber mastic Elastopaz.

Technoprok offers not just bituminous mastic for do-it-yourself foundation waterproofing, and liquid rubber, i.e. cold water-based bitumen paste modified with polymers. Unlike conventional bitumen, Elastopaz and Elastomic, when dry, form an elastic waterproof coating on the concrete surface of the foundation.

Besides foundation waterproofing mastics, we also offer profiled membranes. It is a film that simultaneously protects the waterproofing coating from damage and ensures drainage of the foundation.

You can buy bituminous mastics for waterproofing foundations and other building materials and equipment from the assortment of Technoprok, either directly by contacting the Moscow office, or from Technoprok's dealers and partners in Russia.

If you need to make a waterproofing of the foundation with your own hands 100% reliably, then there is a reason to learn more about liquid rubber at Technoprok. You will like our "bitumen"!

Waterproofing the foundation with bitumen or mastic with bitumen or liquid rubber

The consultations of Technoprok specialists will help to understand do you need waterproofing of the foundation for a specific object and what it should be. We will explain how to properly make a reliable foundation waterproofing.

We will tell you what will be more profitable and more rational: buy materials from us and make waterproofing of the foundation with our own hands, or we will hire a contractor. In many cities of the country, Technoprok has authorized partners specializing in waterproofing foundations with bitumen mastic or bitumen emulsion.

In 2004, Technoprok LLC was the first and only company to supply liquid rubber to the Russian Federation, then from Canada.

Since then, we have mastered our own production of liquid rubber in Russia, and since 2008 we have started supplying bitumen mastic and emulsion from Israel to Russia.

By 2015, she had accumulated a significant baggage of knowledge and skills regarding waterproofing with liquid rubber. We sell environmentally friendly materials and provide technical support to our customers.

We will help and teach you how to properly use liquid rubber for bituminous waterproofing with our own hands of foundations and other building structures. Thousands of professional builders and ordinary consumers throughout Russia have appreciated the quality of Technoprok products and know that on the site you can learn a lot about waterproofing with liquid rubber.

Lubricating waterproofing is one of the most common methods for waterproofing a foundation, which is associated with the ease of applying mastics, the absence of seams, the possibility of using complex configurations on structural elements and mechanized application (sprayed waterproofing).

The main disadvantage in the use of these materials is shrinkage, which can lead to rupture of the waterproofing. The mastic is applied from the side of the water pressure (on the pressure), and before backfilling, the coating waterproofing requires mandatory protection, which can be made in the form of protective walls, the use of flat drains (profiled membranes), thermal insulation (XPS), etc.

Lubricating waterproofing should be used mainly to protect against capillary (ground) moisture and soil water in draining and low-moisture soils, when the groundwater is 1.5-2 m below the basement floor level. With a hydrostatic head, it can be used if the head does not exceed 2 m for waterproofing from bituminous mastic and 5 m for waterproofing from bitumen-polymer mastic.

It is not recommended to use coating waterproofing made of pure liquefied bitumen due to the insufficient durability of bituminous coatings.

Waterproofing thickness

Bituminous or bitumen-polymer mastic should be applied 2-4 layers. The total depends on the depth of the foundation (see table).

Due to the fact that they are applied in a liquid state, compliance with the design thickness of the waterproofing layer is crucial. In this regard, control should include measuring the thickness of the coating in the wet and dry condition. Control of the wet film thickness is performed with a comb or disk, the dry film thickness is measured with universal thickness gauges.

The disadvantage of a mastic coating is that it is difficult to achieve a guaranteed insulation film thickness, especially on steep slopes and uneven surfaces. Therefore, it is necessary either to thoroughly prepare the surface, or to increase the consumption of material. Both of these lead to an increase in the cost of coverage.

Consumption for 1 m2

Consumption of waterproofing coating bituminous in 2 layers - 2.0-2.5 kg / m2

Interlayer intervals

Each layer of bitumen mastic is applied only after complete drying or hardening of the previous one. If the next layer of mastic is applied over the not dried previous one, this can lead to delamination or lack of the necessary adhesion of the mastic coating to the base.

A waterproofing layer made of mastic is considered dry if its surface is not tacky when checked. The drying time of the mastic layer depends on the composition of the bitumen mastic, temperature and humidity, both of the ambient air and the base.

Waterproofing device (technology)

Foundation preparation

• The base for the coating waterproofing must be solid and solid, with rounded (3-5 cm radii) or chamfered corners and edges. Fillets (fillets) should be made in the places of transitions from a horizontal to a vertical surface, ensuring smooth mating of intersecting planes.
• A concrete surface with a large number of cavities from air bubbles in order to prevent the formation of bubbles bursting after 10-15 minutes in the freshly applied mastic layer is rubbed with fine-grained cement mortars from dry building mixtures.
• Especially dangerous for mastic waterproofing are “scallops” with sharp and prickly protrusions, which are formed at the joints of the formwork sheets, which must be removed.
• The surface of the base is cleaned from dust, dirt, construction debris.
• The surface to be waterproofed must be dry.

Substrate moisture - the most important indicator of the readiness of the surface for the application of bituminous mastic. The presence of moisture leads to the formation of blisters or detachment of the mastic from the surface.

The permissible surface moisture for bitumen (bitumen-polymer) mastic should be no more than 4%. Water-based mastics can be applied to damp (up to 8%), but not wet substrates.

The simplest moisture test involves laying a 1x1 m polyethylene film on the prepared concrete surface. If condensation does not appear under it in 4-24 hours, then applying bituminous waterproofing is possible.

Primer application

• To improve the adhesion (adhesion) of the mastic to the concrete surface, the prepared base is primed (with a ready-made bitumen primer).

The primer can also be prepared from bitumen (grades BN 70/30, BN 90/10, BNK 90/30) and a rapidly evaporating solvent (gasoline, nefras), diluted in the ratio
1: 3-1: 4, by weight or bituminous mastic with heat resistance above 80 ° C, diluted to the desired consistency.

• The type of primer (primer) must correspond to the applied mastic.
• The primer composition should be applied over the entire surface in one layer, in the places of abutments along the grout from a cement-sand mortar - in two layers.
• Bitumen primer is applied to the surface with a roller or brush. The base, which has dried out after priming, is ready for the beginning of the coating waterproofing device.

Application of mastic

• Bituminous mastic is applied to prepared surfaces from the humidifying side (from the water pressure side).
• The mastic is applied in layers with a roller, brush, spatula, or in bulk. Each layer should be continuous, no breaks, uniform thickness, parallel stripes. The direction of application of bitumen mastic is from bottom to top.
• The next layer of mastic should be applied after the previous one has hardened and dried (there should be no traces of the binder on the attached tampon).

Waterproofing reinforcement

In places of abutments and junctions, where cracks may form, places where cold seams are located, cracks detected in monolithic concrete, etc. defects coating waterproofing need to be reinforced.

The fiberglass material is sunk in the first layer of mastic and rolled with a roller, which ensures tight adhesion of the panel to the base without the formation of voids under it. After the system "bituminous mastic - reinforcing material" has dried, the second layer of mastic is applied. The overlap of a strip of fiberglass or fiberglass on both sides of the axis of the problem area should be at least 100 mm.

The presence of reinforcing material in the waterproofing coating leads to the distribution of the tensile load over the entire strip of insulation, reduces the elongation of the material at the crack opening, which ensures the preservation of its continuity, reliability and durability of the waterproofing.

Backfilling of walls with coated waterproofing should be done only with soft soil, a protective coating (screeds, walls) is not required in this case.

Bituminous waterproofing is a universal and most affordable opportunity to protect the foundation, roof and other elements of the structure of moisture. To extend the service life of brick, reinforced concrete and monolithic structures, and to prevent moisture from entering, and therefore to reduce the likelihood of dampness and mold inside the house, the use of waterproofing material is required.

Bituminous waterproofing is a common, simple and inexpensive way to carry out the necessary measures. The bitumen itself is waterproof and, most importantly, it is absolutely immune to the damaging effects of moisture.

The low cost of materials is of great importance, ease of use is equally appreciated: for example, for waterproofing a foundation based on bitumen, no special equipment or professional skills are required. The ease of use of bituminous waterproofing, greatly reduces labor and associated costs.

Bituminous waterproofing main types:

Bitumen - technical materialsobtained by the distillation of crude oil in refining and exist in many forms and types. Bitumen are dark, viscous liquids or semi-solids that are non-volatile at ambient temperatures and gradually soften when heated.

1. Hot bituminous waterproofing.

Bitumen in a hot state is in a liquid state, strictly observing safety measures, hot bitumen waterproofing easily spreads over the surface and is smeared with a special mop from the ropes.

Cold pieces of bitumen, before starting waterproofing work, are heated to its melting point. Only in the hot state are the main technical qualities and properties of bituminous products revealed, guaranteeing reliability and practicality. Not everything is so smooth, and hot bitumen waterproofing has serious drawbacks, due to which the use of bitumen is not always suitable on a construction site in a residential area.

1. Foul odor due to pungent and thick smoke when heated. As the smoke settles, black soot accumulates everywhere, creating a lot of problems in cleaning it. Of course, soot is removed using chemical compositions, but this will require additional finances, and most importantly time and people.
2. Hot bitumen poses an increased danger, the likelihood of a serious thermal burn in conjunction with a chemical burn increases. The resulting wounds are difficult to heal and take a long time to fully recover.

As it cools, the bitumen becomes viscous and gradually hardens, making it impossible to carry out work. If it is not possible to constantly maintain the required bitumen temperature, the liquid phase must be applied as quickly as possible to the treated surface.

As we know, building bitumen, when cooled, becomes viscous at first, and then simply hardens. The cooled bitumen phase cannot be qualitatively and evenly distributed over the surface. A specially equipped vehicle - a bitumen truck with the possibility of heating the body - goes to objects with a large front of work.

More often in place a special, allotted area is organized for heating bitumen. This approach greatly simplifies the activities performed for the construction of reliable bituminous waterproofing.

2. Cold bituminous waterproofing

A hallmark of cold bitumen mastic is what it is appliedevenly on a previously prepared surface (with primary treatment with bitumen mastic). In the production process, ready-made diluted bituminous compositions are used.

It is important to take into account that waterproofing works are carried out on a dry surface. The object is pre-dried, the remaining moisture must be wiped dry and only then applied to the processed surface.

What materials should be used?

1. Bitumen. During oil refining, individual substances as a result of oxidation after the distillation of hydrocarbons fall out into the residual product. When using bituminous waterproofing, it is necessary to comply with fire safety requirements, since bituminous materials belong to the class of flammable and flammable substances. The ignition temperature of bitumen is from 220 ° C.

2. Bituminous rubber mastic. Mastic includes bitumen and organic solvents; it does not require heating and is ready to use. It is applied to a surface in multiple layers. You can use it to protect pipelines and other technical. Waterproofing mastic is an economical and high quality product.

3. Primer (bitumen primer) is a thin mixture of bitumen and rubber; it is water-based, making it easier to work with the interior. Since lightweight capillary waterproofing can be applied independently.

The bituminous primer is mainly used in waterproofing as an adhesive that covers the surface before laying one sheet on another. It meets the requirements for an adhesive for bonding roofing felt on bituminous roofs. The bitumen primer is a deeply penetrating product, dries quickly and guarantees a reliable fixation of waterproofing materials.

4. Bituminous latex waterproofing emulsion is a thin compound of two mutually soluble liquids (bitumen and water), while bitumen is dispersed in water in the form of particles with a diameter of 540 microns. The latex in the emulsion acts as a filler that increases the strength and elasticity of the material.

The emulsion is applied in a mechanized manner using an airless spray. Waterproofing made of bitumen latex emulsion is durable (more than 45 years) due to the homogeneous structure and stability of the properties of the emulsion, good compliance of latex and bitumen, and resistance to aggressive liquids (solutions of sulfuric and nitric acid, sodium sulfate, chlorinated lime, etc.) )

Waterproofing bituminous sheet of roofing material is used for roofing and to protect the foundation. The material is characterized by a non-disintegrating polyester, glass fabric and fiberglass backing. The material is impregnated on both sides with bitumen, which is mixed with a plasticizer. Thanks to this combination of materials, it is flexible and resistant to cracking.

How to apply primer and putty

The primer should be applied to a clean wall with a brush or roller. After drying, it can be applied again if a significant part is impregnated with the wall surface.

Bituminous mastic is applied with a brush or spatula. After the first layer has dried (about a day), it is better to add another one to improve the quality of the insulation.

Application of bituminous waterproofing putty

To apply hot bitumen mastic, the latter must be heated to 80 ° C, so that it is easy to apply and penetrates well into all cracks and irregularities. For cold mastics, heating is not required, they are immediately ready for use, but they are more expensive than the first option. Cold mastics require heating at an ambient temperature of 0 ° C. They are made from furyl, epoxy and other synthetic based resins.

Before waterproofing with bitumen mastic, the surface should be treated with a mixture of bitumen and solvent. Then the compound is applied with a brush, roller or faster - using a spray or pistol. The flame spray method involves the application of at least two coats at intervals of about 15 hours. Thus, the bitumen thickness should be 2 mm.

Bituminous foundation waterproofing

One of the most readily available methods of waterproofing a foundation to this day remains measures to protect concrete using bitumen processing techniques. In recent years, bitumen mastic and bitumen emulsion (primer) have been increasingly used for this purpose.

The composition of the mastic directly includes bitumen and an organic solvent, the resulting composition of the primer does not require heating and is ready for use. Pre-priming with a primer increases the guarantee and confidence that the bituminous waterproofing will last a long time.

The primer is a finely dispersed mixture of bitumen and rubber, it is made on a water basis, which makes it easier to work with it in confined spaces. It can be used as light capillary waterproofing without additional protective compounds.

How to apply primer and mastic correctly

Apply the primer with a brush or roller to a clean wall. After drying, it is advisable to apply the composition a second time, provided that a significant part of the layer is absorbed into the wall surface. In our approach, the first layer of primer will act as a primer before applying the mastic.

Bituminous mastic is applied with a brush or spatula, it is likely that many will find it inconvenient to apply with a spatula, but with experience it becomes easier. After the first layer has dried (it takes about a day), it is better to apply another one, this will increase the quality characteristics of the insulation. Builders recommend applying even three layers, but it may be superfluous if you were not stingy in applying the first two.

When working with mastic, it is strongly recommended to use a respirator, not neglecting the regular replacement of filters. There were times when an old filter made an employee feel uncomfortable and had to stop work.

Also, to facilitate the application of mastic, it is recommended to dilute it with white spirit to the consistency of thick sour cream, this not only facilitates the process of work, but also reduces consumption.

Advantages and disadvantages of bituminous waterproofing

Certainly modern technologies offer many innovative waterproofing methods that are not inferior in quality to bituminous mastic. Nevertheless, bituminous waterproofing remains the most affordable, and if the customer is limited in budgetary funds, and the workers do not have special skills, then this method of organizing waterproofing is the most optimal.

For waterproofing, polymer modified bitumen membranes and bitumen paints are used, which often contain a specialized cut bitumen product integrated with relatively few other materials. Emulsified bitumen, which can be applied at low or ambient temperatures, has largely replaced cut bitumen for this application.

The advantages of waterproofing with a coating using bituminous mastic are as follows:

• low material cost;
• performance of work does not require professional skills;
• good resistance to mechanical damage;
• the ability to easily coat curves and difficult surfaces.

The negative aspects of bituminous mastic include an unsightly appearance and the fact that it "flows" from hitting straight lines sun rays, however, bituminous waterproofing is not an art object, so this minus has no significant complaints.

Boiling bitumen bursts out of the bitumen truck.

The main disadvantages of a bituminous coating are unsightly appearance and the annoying fact - bitumen "flows" in the sun. Builders point out another drawback - problems with applying other materials, such as plaster or paint, to bitumen mastic, however for thermal insulationthe above-ground part of the foundation can be covered (preferably with a deepening of 60 - 70 cm), and it is already easy to putty or plaster.

The method described here is easy to follow, even with no basic knowledge and skills. It is proven over the years and the most reliable method of bituminous waterproofing of the foundation, which has been used for many years and continues to be used. If you wishsave budget, do not hire a professional team, but just use bitumen mastic.

The described method is easy to use, even without basic knowledge and skills, it remains a fairly reliable and proven method of waterproofing, which has been used for many years and continues to be used to this day.

Diy bituminous waterproofing using roll material video review:

Starting construction, first of all, you should take care of a reliable foundation on which the building will be erected. Indeed, the service life of the structure erected on it will also depend on the reliability and durability of the foundation.

And if geometric parameters, such as the width and depth of the laying are determined by calculation after studying the geological conditions at the construction site and calculating the loads from the building being erected, then waterproofing is chosen, as a rule, depending on the ability to reliably resist the penetration of moisture into the material from which the foundation is built. , as well as the complexity of its application and cost.

The leading position among all other types of waterproofing today is occupied by various bitumen-based mastics. And this is no coincidence.

Here are just the main advantages of bituminous mastic used as waterproofing:

1. Bituminous mastic has excellent adhesion to any building material. Thanks to this, it perfectly fills all irregularities, cracks and voids, literally adhering tightly to the foundation.
2. The mastic creates a reliable barrier between groundwater and the foundation material, being waterproof and resistant to erosion.
3. Over time, such waterproofing does not collapse under the influence of moisture, retaining its properties for many years.
4. Due to its high elasticity, the mastic is not afraid of shrinkage. small movements of building structures do not lead to a violation of its integrity and do not require repair or replacement.
5. The bituminous binder is not prone to being eaten by woodworms, bacteria and fungi. The mastic is resistant to mildew and does not support the spread of microflora.
6. Waterproofing based on bituminous mastic does not require special skills for application and can be performed by people who have no experience in such work.
7. Bituminous coating significantly surpasses other types of waterproofing in application speed.

The disadvantages of mastic include the time required for complete hardening, and the appearance of microcracks over time in mastics of the lower price range.

What are the bituminous mastics?

All waterproofing mastics produced today are usually divided into "cold" and "hot". As can be understood from this division, they differ in the temperature of the mixture when applied to the foundation.

Hot mastics are heated to high temperature in special containers, after which they are applied to insulated surfaces.

A feature of "hot" mastics is the need for special equipment for heating, special requirements for the skills of performing such work, knowledge of the methods of safely performing all operations related to the application of a hot composition, the risk of burns if the bituminous mixture gets on open areas skin.

As a rule, mastic is applied hot in industrial construction, which requires large volumes of waterproofing work.

Much less demanding on skills and much safer when working with them so-called. "cold" mastics.

They do not pose a danger in contact with the skin, they have a ready-to-use consistency. Only in winter may a slight heating be required to improve flowability.

Mastics can be both water-based and solvent-based. Therefore, they should be diluted to a more liquid state with exactly those means. on the basis of which the mastic is made. Typically, this information is printed on the product label.

Mastics can be one-component, the composition of which is immediately ready for application, and two-component, when before application a certain amount of hardener must be added to the mastic, which starts the polymerization reaction of the mastic.

Two-component formulations should be used after preparation quickly enough until the mixture has hardened. One-component mastics do not require rush and are also suitable for work the next day and after a week.

It should also be borne in mind that some mastics polymerize, turning into a kind of soft plastic, while others remain quite elastic.

According to the materials included in the composition, mastics are:

• bitumen and mineral;
• bitumen-rubber;
• bituminous rubber;
• bitumen-polymer;
• bitumen-latex;
• bituminous oil;
• primers.

Mineral bituminous compositions include crushed natural minerals: dolomite, chalk, limestone, asbestos, accounting for up to 20% of the total mass. In addition to the mineral component, the composition includes a plasticizer - lacoil or solvent.

IN bitumen-rubber For mastic, a powder of the smallest rubber dust is used as a filler, which gives not only higher waterproofing properties, but also additional plasticity. This type of mastic, despite its low cost, has a rather long service life of 15-20 years.

Mastic bitumen-rubber quite flexible, has excellent water resistance and excellent adhesion. With a low consumption (0.8-1.5 liters per sq.m.), this type of mastic perfectly protects even rather porous foundations from soil moisture. There is no need to apply a preliminary primer.

Bituminous latex mastics differ in that they are diluted with ordinary water and are one-component compositions that can be used even at low temperatures. Before applying such a mastic, it is advisable to treat the wall with a primer, which can be prepared on the basis of the same composition, diluting it with water in equal parts.

Oil-based bituminous mastic has improved frost resistance and is diluted with organic solvents based on gasoline or white spirit.

Primers are not independent waterproofing compounds, but are used as a preparatory layer to improve the adhesion of the mastic. It differs from mastic in a much more liquid consistency and is applied several hours before the main waterproofing.

What qualities should mastic have?

In order for waterproofing to serve you faithfully for many years, protecting the foundation from getting wet and destroyed, bitumen mastic must have certain qualities. Here are just the main ones:

• the composition must be elastic and spread well when applied;
• the composition of the mastic should not contain hazards emitted during the operation of the structure;
• the consistency should be homogeneous without foreign inclusions, debris and air bubbles;
• the applied composition should easily fill the existing irregularities and have high adhesion;
• during operation, the composition should not change its physical and chemical properties.

The most popular today are Technonikol, Grida, Gidrolux, Icopal and some others.

Technonikol mastics

Technonikol produces several types of bituminous mastic for waterproofing foundations. One of the most popular types is AquaMast waterproofing bitumen mastic for foundations - a completely ready-to-use material with mineral additives.

Consumption of mastic is 1 kg / sq.m. coated surface.

AquaMast allows you to protect foundations made of concrete, reinforced concrete, wood or metal structures.

Water absorption within 24 hours does not exceed 2% by weight. Heat resistance - not less than + 80 ° С.

The application of the mastic is allowed at an ambient temperature from -10 ° C to + 40 ° C.

The solidification time to olip is 24 hours. Produced in containers of 18kg, 10kg and 3kg.

The price of the Technonikol AquaMast mastic is 80-90 rubles / kg.

The TechnoNIKOL company produces a wide range of mastics for internal and external waterproofing, for roof protection, as well as for sealing potholes in building structures.

Mastic MGH-G "Grida"

Another popular in the domestic market is the "Grida" brand mastic, under which cold waterproofing mastics are produced to protect walls, roofs and foundations.

Cold mastic MGH-G allows its application at ambient temperatures down to -10 ° C.

The mastic is applied in 2-3 layers 1 mm thick with an interval of 5-6 hours. It is recommended to insert fiberglass between the layers as a reinforcing material.

The MGKh-G mastic dissolves with xylene, toluene, white spirit and other similar solvents.

Consumption of MGH-G mastic - 1l / sq.m.

Other grades of Grid's mastic are used for other types of work.

MEBIS used for external and internal waterproofing of industrial and civil buildings.

Rubber-bitumen mastic MGH-T used for gluing roll materials and repairing roof waterproofing.

Bituminous-rubber mastic MGH-K - for repair and waterproofing of mastic roofs.

Anticorrosive mastic MGH-T - for waterproofing metal structures, incl. foundations.

Bituminous mastic MGH-P It is used for gluing polystyrene foam to surfaces of various materials.

The Bitumast brand offers ready-to-use bituminous mastic. The composition is easily applied with a roller, a spatula or a brush.

Mastic is applied to a dry, cleaned surface, pre-treated with a primer at an ambient temperature of at least + 15 ° C.

Characteristics of masticBitumast

Indicator name	Value
Drying time of one layer at 20 С, h	no more - 24
Mass fraction of non-volatile substances,%	not less - 50
Softening point of dry residue, С	not less - plus 70
Bond strength to concrete, MPa	not less - 0.2
Bond strength to metal, MPa	not less - 0.2
Water absorption for 24 hours,% by weight

When the foundation of any structure is erected, it is necessary to take care of its protection from the influence of soil and atmospheric moisture, which can destroy even the most reliable building materials over time. Therefore, the long-term operation and strength of the entire building depend on the choice of the protective composition.

The most common and affordable protective agent is bituminous mastic for. This material, like all other types of waterproofing, has its own physical, technical and operational characteristics, application features, its own advantages and disadvantages that must be borne in mind when choosing it for subsequent work.

"Pros" and "cons" of bituminous mastic

It should be noted right away that this material has much more advantages than negative qualities. Of the "pluses" of such waterproofing, the following can be distinguished:

• Due to the high elasticity of the bitumen mastic, excellent adhesion is provided between it and the surface of the foundation walls, and in this regard, the material reliably protects the building structure from moisture penetration and erosion caused by it.

• In addition, elasticity keeps the waterproofing layer intact when the structure shrinks and the material cracks during a long service life.
• Bituminous mastic prevents the occurrence and development of corrosion processes of metal elements of the foundation, which also significantly extends the life of the structure.
• The composition protects the material of the foundation walls from the appearance of mold and other colonies of unwanted microflora.
• The mastic penetrates well into the pores of the wall material and fills its cracks.
• The ease of applying this composition to the walls allows you to do this work yourself, since the waterproofing process does not require special skills. The main thing is to make sure that even very small areas not covered by processing remain on the surface during the work.
• The advantage of mastic over other waterproofing materials can also be called the speed of coating.
• Bituminous mastic can also be used as an adhesive for installing roll waterproofing material.
• With the correct selection of this material, it is possible to work with it at almost any temperature.
• All bituminous mastics have an affordable price, so you don't have to find large sums to purchase them. In addition, the mastic is consumed quite sparingly, and it will not be required too much.

Among the disadvantages of this waterproofing material, one can single out the duration of polymerization of the composition applied to the surface, which makes it necessary to postpone subsequent operations until the waterproofing layer completely solidifies. However, this factor can hardly even be called a disadvantage, since having foreseen it, it is possible to plan in advance the time for performing insulation and finishing at a later date.

Another possible "minus" - some mastics of low quality can dry out and crack over time. Therefore, it is very important to choose the right material, guided by not only price criteria.

Varieties of waterproofing mastics

The main types of bituminous mastics

Bituminous mastics are subdivided according to various criteria, therefore, when choosing this material for waterproofing the foundation, you must carefully study the attached instructions, which contain information both on its composition and on the technology of application.

1. Bitumen-based mastics are subdivided according to the features of the technology of their application to the surface. There are two main types of this process - "cold" and "hot" application.

• On sale you can find many brands of "hot" bituminous mastics, but what unites them is that before being applied to the wall, they must be warmed up and brought to a certain temperature. "Hot" mastics can differ in heat resistance, that is, in the maximum temperature to which they need to be heated until the desired state is reached, in order to be used as an adhesive for roll material, or as an independent coating waterproofing. It should be noted that manufacturers of this material do not recommend mixing mastics with different characteristics.

The so-called "hot" mastics are used mainly by professional builders, since it is necessary to adhere to a certain process technology and, in order to avoid serious injuries, strict adherence to safety measures. If there is no experience with such compositions, then it is better to contact a specialist or use a "cold" version of the coating material to create a waterproofing layer.

Prices for Goodhim bitumen mastic

Bituminous mastic Goodhim

You can also notice that this type of waterproofing is most often used when the building is being built in regions with harsh winter conditions.

• Cold bituminous waterproofing compounds are also produced in different options, but they are all applied to the walls without any special preliminary preparation of the mastic, except, possibly, its thorough mixing. However, to work in the cold season, at negative temperatures, some variants of such mastics still require some heating. In addition, it must be borne in mind that only high-quality, preferably bitumen-polymer compositions produced by trusted companies are suitable for working in such conditions.

2. Bituminous mastics are produced both on the basis of organic solvents and water-soluble, depending on what components are included in their composition. In this regard, it is possible to dilute them to a more liquid consistency only with those liquids in which they were initially mixed.

3. Waterproofing mastics are one-component and two-component.

• The first option is ready to use, that is, it is enough to open the package, then mix the mixture well - and it can be applied to the surface of the walls prepared for this.

• Two-component mastics consist of two components, which are combined in certain proportions immediately before application. Such compositions quickly set and harden, therefore, after mixing them, you need to work with them quickly enough. Two-component mixtures have not only a longer shelf life when closed, but also high durability during operation. This option is convenient when work needs to be done quickly. But, I must say that, due to the high cost and complexity of use, such compositions have not won wide distribution.

4. The mastics are also separated by the state of their hardening, since, after application, they can harden completely or remain in a semi-solid state.

5. Finally, bitumen mastics are subdivided according to their constituent components. Today on sale you can find the following options for waterproofing compounds based on bitumen:

• Bituminous mineral The mastic contains substances such as chalk, cement, dolomite, asbestos, quartz or limestone, ground to a fine powder - these substances make up up to 20% of the total mass of the mixture. In addition to minerals, this mastic necessarily includes a plasticizer - according to the production technology, it must be at least 5%. In cold mastics, an oil solvent or varnish is used as a plasticizer - it is a waterproofing compound that does not harden in air, which can withstand any mechanical, vibration and hydraulic loads without damage. In this regard, a similar mastic is used to protect the deep parts of the foundation walls.
• Bituminous rubber the composition, in addition to petroleum bitumen, contains fine rubber powder or synthetic rubber, which makes the mastic more elastic. In addition, the mastic contains mineral fillers, as well as a special mineral oil as a plasticizer. Such compositions are made on the basis of an organic solvent.

This type of mastic can also be sold in powder form, and its consumption, depending on the thickness of the coating, is 1.5 ÷ 2 kg / m². Before application, the dry mixture is heated to the temperature indicated on the package. To do this, it is poured into a container and put on fire. This type of mastic can be called one of the most affordable, and the service life of the waterproofing is 15 ÷ 20 years.

• Bituminous rubber the mixture has good viscosity, due to which the material forms a dense, elastic and reliable protective coating against moisture. This version of the mastic, like the previous one, is diluted with a solvent if necessary. Drying time for each of the layers of this coating is from 6 to 12 hours. Material consumption depends on many factors, which can include the porosity of the base material, the thickness of the applied layer, the parameters of humidity and ambient temperature. In general, consumption can vary from 0.75 to 1.5 liters per square meter. For better adhesion to the base and the formation of a high-quality film coating, it is recommended to slightly moisten the concrete wall. No priming is required for rubber mastic.
• Bituminous-polymer water-based mastic contains one or more modified polymers. It does not contain organic solvents, therefore it does not have pungent odors and can be used not only for outdoor use, but also for internal works... Compositions containing polymers are not only an excellent waterproofing for building structures, but also become an excellent protection of walls and interior spaces from the penetration of radon harmful to human health from the soil. The drying time of this mastic on the walls is 6 ÷ 8 hours.
• Bituminous-latexmastic is made in water emulsion. Latex is an industrially synthesized rubber with improved characteristics. In most cases, this type of mastic is applied cold and sold ready-made, that is, it is a one-component composition. It is advisable to prepare the wall surfaces before applying the bitumen-latex mastic by treating them with a primer that can be made independently by diluting the same mastic composition with water in a 1: 1 ratio. Latex mastics can be used even at low temperatures without heating.
• Bituminous oil frost-resistant mastic is excellent for waterproofing external and internal buried structures, the walls of which can be built from any materials. This mastic is diluted with gasoline, white spirit or solvent. Consumption of the oil waterproofing composition is 1 ÷ 1.5 l / m².
• Bituminous primer differs from mastic in its more liquid consistency, as it is used to prepare surfaces for applying the main waterproofing layer of mastic. The primer can be made from mastic by diluting it with a solvent or water, depending on the base, to the desired consistency. This surface preparation compound is applied with a roller, brush or sprayed with a special spray gun. The drying time of such a composition on the walls, depending on the base, can be from 1 to 5 hours.

Requirements for mastics

In order for the waterproofing coating to be strong and durable, the composition of the bituminous mastic must be of high quality, and the date of its manufacture must correspond to the warranty periods declared by the manufacturer.

Therefore, when purchasing this material, it is imperative to study the label on the package, where all the necessary characteristics and information about the date of its production should be presented.

In addition to these criteria, the following qualities of the mastic must be taken into account:

• The waterproofing mixture must have a uniform consistency without foreign inclusions that can create air bubbles in the applied layer that weaken the waterproof properties of the material.
• The mastic should be flexible and easy to apply.
• The mixture, when applied and during operation, should not emit substances harmful to humans into the environment, which means that it should not contain toxic components.
• The bituminous waterproofing compound used for waterproofing the foundation must have a heat resistance of at least 70 degrees.
• Complete waterproofing is one of the main qualities for any bituminous mastic.
• High adhesion of the mixture is necessary not only for good adhesion to the base, but also for reliable adhesion of waterproofing roll sheets.
• The hardened waterproofing layer must have constant physical and mechanical characteristics that remain throughout the entire operating period, within the operating temperature range indicated on the packaging by the manufacturer.

The main technological methods of applying waterproofing mastic to the walls of the foundation

The process of creating a waterproofing protective layer on the walls of the foundation is not complicated, but it will take a lot of time if you work by hand, that is, with a brush, roller or spatula, especially in cases where the structure goes deep into the ground, which means it has a large height and total area ...

Illustration	Brief description of the performed operation
	Starting work on waterproofing the foundation, it is necessary to revise it for cracks. If such flaws are found, they must be repaired, and, if necessary, tightened with metal ties consisting of reinforcement brackets with a diameter of 10-12 mm or strips with a thickness of 3 ÷ 5 mm. If cracks are left on the base, then it is useless to waterproof it with a coating, since moisture will penetrate into the depths of the wall through these gaps, continuing to destroy the concrete.
	You need to start repairs by expanding the cracks and deepening them as much as possible. If the crack is small, then it must first be filled with a deep penetration primer, dried, and then filled with an outdoor sealant. If the gap is large, then tightening elements are fixed on the wall, and then, after priming, the crack is filled to the full depth and width with concrete or concrete adhesive mortar. If the foundation is made of bricks, then it is recommended to reinforce the entire surface metal mesh, then plaster, and only then proceed to waterproofing work.
	Further, before applying the waterproofing material, the cleaned walls are primed with a bituminous primer consisting of bitumen mastic and a solvent. This composition can be purchased ready-made or made independently by mixing the two components in a 1: 1 ratio.
	A primer is necessary, first of all, in order to create good foundation for applying the main waterproofing material. The primer will strengthen the surface by binding the remaining dust on the wall surface. It will fill pores and small cracks, eliminating the excessive absorbency of the structure of the foundation material - this will reduce the consumption of bitumen mastic and create a smooth waterproof surface for its application.
	Since the primer has a liquid consistency, it is convenient to apply it with a soft brush or a brush attached to a long handle for the comfort of work. The primer is applied to the surface evenly, and when it has been completely treated with the preparatory compound, time should be given for the primer to dry. This process will take from 3 to 12 hours, depending on the composition of the solution and the characteristics of the base.
	After the primer has dried, a waterproofing coating is applied with one of the selected mastic compositions. It can be applied in one or more layers. Waterproofing, applied in four layers, between which fiberglass is laid, is called heavy, and it will not only protect the walls from any moisture, but also become a kind of additional reinforcement for their surfaces.
	Bituminous waterproofing mastic often has a fairly thick consistency, so it is often applied with a wide spatula or trowel. The mass must be evenly distributed over the wall, creating an even layer. If several layers are to be applied, then each of them, before proceeding to the next, must be well dried. The drying time of the mastic must be indicated on the packaging of the material.
	Another option for using bituminous mastic for waterproofing a foundation is gluing roofing felt sheets on it. In this case, one layer of mastic is applied to the primed walls, which is usually heated before applying the canvases to it for better adhesion of materials to each other.
	Further, before carrying out further construction work, the waterproofed and dried walls of the foundation must be covered with thermal insulation material. It will fulfill both its direct purpose and, at this stage of work, will become a good protection for the waterproofing coating from damage.

If there is a need to carry out such work in the winter, then a mixture is used for waterproofing that can withstand application to the surface at an ambient temperature of up to -30 degrees, for example, bitumen-nairite mastic. In order to work successfully during this difficult period, it is recommended to fulfill some requirements:

• When using bitumen mastic as the main waterproofing material, that is, without using roll materials, the surface of the wall to be treated must be heated to a positive temperature. For this, they usually use heat gunsalthough heating with a gas burner can also be used.
• The mastic itself should be prepared in warm rooms located at a short distance from the place of its application.
• It is impossible to arrange the waterproofing coating of the foundation in high humidity, fog, rain or snow.
• If it is absolutely necessary to carry out these works in the cold season, it is recommended to arrange special structures - greenhouses that will help to achieve a positive temperature of the foundation walls.

Teplyak is a construction of a bar or metal erected at the work site, which is tightened with a dense polyethylene film. Inside this structure, heating devices are turned on to heat the air without an open flame, in order to avoid creating dangerous conditions for the health and life of builders.

• When mixing mastic in equipped greenhouses, electrically heated mixers are used to heat the mixtures.
• Due to unfavorable winter conditions for work, the application of all layers of waterproofing is carried out by the so-called grips, that is, the process of applying all layers is completely carried out on one section of the foundation. Then, the hothouse is rearranged to an adjacent section of the building, and the work is completely carried out on it - and so on, until the entire task is completely completed.
• The results of all work carried out in the winter period must be checked with the onset of the warm season, for the manifestation of certain defects, which should be immediately eliminated.

The very process of creating a waterproofing barrier in this publication is considered briefly, but only for the reason that a separate detailed article is devoted to this issue on our portal.

Foundation waterproofing is important!

A big mistake is made by those builders who, after pouring the foundation, lose sight of the problem of creating protection against the effects of soil moisture. What is it for, what requirements it must meet, and how it can be carried out on its own - read in a special publication on the pages of our portal.

Popular brands of bituminous mastics

A fairly wide range of waterproofing bituminous mastics from different manufacturers is presented on the Russian construction market, but still some of them are very popular.

Products of the Technonikol company

TechnoNIKOL mastics are today, perhaps, the most demanded by consumers engaged in private construction. These formulations are made from high quality products using the most modern equipment and meet all international quality standards.

Prices for bitumen mastic Technonikol

TechnoNIKOL bituminous mastic

Bituminous waterproofing mastics are made on the basis of solvents and aqueous emulsions, for use in hot and cold form, as well as for application using special equipment and by hand.

This table gives the physical and technical characteristics of the compositions of the TechnoNIKOL brand:

Physical and technical indicators of bituminous mastics "Technonikol"	№20	№21	№24	№31	№33	№41
Adhesion strength to the base, MPa:
- with concrete	0.6	0.1	0.45	0.6	0.2	0.6
- with metal	0.9	0.1	-	-	0.25	0.9
Flexibility on a beam with a radius of 5.0 ± 0.2 mm 0С	-15	-35	-5	-15	-25	-
Elongation at break,%	100	500	-	700	900	1100
Moisture absorption during the day,% by weight	2	0.4	0.4	1	0.4	1
Waterproof for 24 hours at a pressure of 0.1 MPa	+	+	+	+	+	+
Mass fraction of non-volatile substances,%	73 ÷ 93	50	65	50 ÷ 70	53 ÷ 65	100
One layer thickness, mm	1.5	1	1	1	2	2
Consumption per layer, kg / m²	2.5 ÷ 5.7	2.5 ÷ 5.7	2.5 ÷ 5.7	2.5 ÷ 5.7	3.5 ÷ 5.5	2.5 ÷ 5.7
Drying time of one layer, h, at + 20 ° С and 50% air humidity.	24	24	24	5	5	4
Application temperature range, ° С	from -20 to +30	from -20 to +40	from +5 to +30	from +5 to +30	from -20 to +40	from -20 to +40
Substrate moisture content by weight, no more,%	4	4	8	8	4	4

More detailed information about Technonikol mastics is presented in the table below:

Illustration
	Bituminous "AquaMast" is produced by "Technonikol" company for use in various areas of indoor and outdoor construction work. The packaging indicates the purpose of this or that composition - it can be waterproofing of the foundation, pools and floors in bathrooms, roofing and other operations. The composition of AquaMast mastics includes an oil binder bituminous substance, mineral fillers, technical oils and a solvent. The waterproofing bitumen mass for the treatment of foundations is a ready-to-use compound used for application to structures built of concrete, metal, reinforced concrete, wood, bricks, buried in the ground and in direct contact with moisture.
	To create good adhesion between the waterproofing layer and the foundation material, the manufacturer recommends to impregnate the surfaces with the AquaMast bitumen primer before applying it, and this is especially important if the porous construction material... Moreover, following this advice, you can significantly save on mastic and facilitate its application. The drying time of one layer of mastic is from one hour to one day, depending on some factors, which include the material of the foundation, the temperature and humidity of the environment, as well as the thickness of the applied layer. The mastic is considered dry if its surface is no longer sticky. So that during further construction work, the waterproofing layer is not damaged, immediately after it dries, it should be covered with protective plates or heat-insulating mats. This mastic is packaged by the manufacturer in metal buckets of 3, 10 and 18 kilograms. Consumption of mastic is 1 kg / m².
	TechnoNIKOL No. 20 is a ready-to-use bitumen-rubber mastic. The waterproofing material consists of several components - modified crushed rubber, petroleum bitumen, mineral fillers, processing aids and organic solvent. After final drying, this mastic creates a high-strength coating that can be used in a wide range of operating temperatures, in various areas, from applying protective layers to roofing material and ending with waterproofing of various building structures, including foundations.
	Consumption of Technonikol No. 20 for the roof varies from 3.8 to 5.7 kg / m², and for waterproofing the foundation from 2.5 to 3.5 kg / m². It is possible to carry out work on applying this composition at temperatures from -20 to +40 degrees, the drying time of the waterproofing layer is 24 hours at temperatures above +5 degrees. Do not carry out work close to sources of open fire, avoid contact with the mass on the skin and mucous membranes. Storage of bitumen-rubber mastics should be carried out at temperatures from -20 to +30 degrees, in a place protected from light. The shelf life from the date of production is 18 months. Sold mastic "TechnoNIKOL No. 20" in metal buckets of 20 liters.
	"TechnoNIKOL No. 21" ("Technomast") - this mastic is designated as roofing, but it is successfully used not only for repairing all types of roofs in combination with roll coatings, fiberglass and as an independent waterproofing, but also to protect all building structures from moisture ... These areas include basements, piles, house foundations and other parts of buildings that are buried in the ground and in direct contact with water. In addition, this composition is suitable for anti-corrosion treatment of surfaces made of metal - these are car bodies, pipes and other components and structures. Technomast is a ready-to-use mastic consisting of modified artificial rubber, mineral fillers, processing aids, organic solvent and petroleum bitumen. The coating layers of this material have high elasticity, heat capacity, adhesion strength, and moisture resistance.
	It is possible to work with Technomast mastic at ambient temperatures from -20 to +40 degrees. If the air is heated to a temperature below +5 degrees, then before applying the composition must be kept warm for at least a day. Under favorable conditions, the drying time for the mastic layer is no more than 24 hours. You cannot work with this composition if there is an open fire nearby, as well as when applying mastic, you must definitely protect your eyes and open areas of the body. The solution is sold in metal buckets of 20, 10 and 3 liters. Consumption of mastic when applied for roofing is 3.8 ÷ 5.7 kg / m², and for protection against moisture of foundations 2.5 ÷ 3.5 kg / m².
	Technonikol No. 24 (MGTN) is a waterproofing mastic, a mixture of bitumen, mineral fillers, solvent and technological additives. This type of mastic does not contain polymers, therefore, its elasticity is somewhat lower and there is no relative elongation, therefore, the mastic belongs to rigid waterproofing coatings and is not suitable for working with metal. The mastic is specially designed for the protective coating of wood, concrete and reinforced concrete surfaces. The rest of the data on this material is given in the table above.
	Technonikol No. 31 is an aqueous emulsion of petroleum bitumen, processing aids, modified artificial rubber, and mineral fillers. The material has high adhesion to any surface, is resistant to moisture, elastic and heat resistant. Since the composition is made on the basis of water, it does not contain mineral solvents. In this regard, such a mastic can be used for waterproofing work indoors - balconies, bathrooms, pools, basements and others. However, the material is also used for the repair of roofing, both as an independent waterproofing, and in combination with rolled sheets or fiberglass.
	The TechnoNIKOL No. 31 is also excellent for the protective coating of foundation walls and other structures buried in the ground. This ready-to-use waterproofing mastic has some application features. Before starting work, the solution must be mixed well, and then applied to a dry or slightly damp surface that is free from contamination - the main thing is that it is not wet. Surfaces can be coated with a spatula or a wide brush. The aqueous solution is applied at an air temperature of +5 to +30 degrees, and drying of one layer of waterproofing takes no more than 5 hours. Finally, the coating will gain strength after seven days. Consumption of the composition "Technonikol No. 31" is 3.8 ÷ 5.7 kg / m² for waterproofing the roof, and 2.5 ÷ 3.5 kg / m² when applied to the walls of the foundation. The mastic goes on sale in metal buckets of 18, 9 and 2.7 kg.
	TechnoNIKOL No. 33 is a bitumen-latex mastic made on the basis of an aqueous emulsion, which also includes modified polymers. The composition does not contain mineral solvents. This type of material is also suitable for waterproofing both foundations and roofs, and for indoor floor areas. The mastic does not require preparation before use and is suitable for manual and mechanical application. When deciding to use special equipment for surface treatment, spraying is possible only in conjunction with a 10 ÷ 12% solution of calcium chloride, which means 4 kg of crystalline substance per 25 liters of water, which is added to the mastic in proportions 1: 8. The mastic is sold in barrels of 200 liters, and its consumption is 4.5 ÷ 5.5 kg / m² for roofing, and 3.5 ÷ 4.5 kg / m² for waterproofing foundations.
	"TechnoNIKOL No. 41" - this "hot" waterproofing mastic is considered a roofing, but it is quite possible to use it for sealing potholes and cracks in concrete screeds and reinforced concrete slabs, coating of foundations made of concrete, metal, various blocks, as well as for the protection of pipelines. This type of mastic is made from modified polymers, mineral fillers and petroleum bitumen. When applied, it creates a durable one-piece coating, providing reliable waterproofing of the structure.
	Before starting work, TechnoNIKOL No. 41 must be prepared. For this, dry mastic is placed in a container and heated to 160 ÷ 180 degrees, after which it is applied to a surface primed with a bitumen primer with a brush. Application works are carried out at air temperatures from -20 to +40 degrees. This product is sold in paper bags with a siliconized inner layer inside. The net weight of the bag is 30 kg. The shelf life of the material from the date of manufacture is 18 months.
	Bituminous-polymer mastic MKTN is a composition used in a cold state. It contains petroleum bitumen, modified artificial styrene-butadiene thermoplastic elastomer or its modifications, solvent, filler and processing aids. Mastic is used for arranging and repairing roofs, as well as for waterproofing basement walls and foundations, as well as other building structures that are buried in the ground and are constantly exposed to moisture. The material has not only waterproofing properties, but also anti-corrosion, therefore it is often used for the protective treatment of metal structures and parts not only in construction, but also in car repairs. The consumption of mastic is 3.8 ÷ 5.7 kg / m² for the roof, and 2.5 ÷ 3.5 kg / m² for waterproofing foundations. The material is designed for use in the temperature range from -200 to +300 degrees, and the drying time under normal conditions is no more than a day. The mastic warranty period from the date of manufacture is 18 months. It goes on sale in metal buckets and barrels of 20 and 50 liters.

Bituminous mastics from other manufacturers

In addition to the well-known domestic brand "Technonikol", other manufacturers also present their products on the Russian market, which include "Oil Bitumen Plant", "GidroLux", "Icopal", "DonIzol", "Grida" and others.

The characteristics of some of them will be presented in tables.

Physical and technical indicators of bituminous mastics	"MGH-G"	"MGH-K"	"MGH-T"	"Darkie"	"MEBIS"
Moisture absorption during the day, no more,% by weight	0.5	0.5	1	0.2	0.5
Conditional viscosity, not less, seconds	21	15	15	20	14 ÷ 28
Bond strength to concrete, not less, MPa	0.3	0.4	1.5 ÷ 3.0	0.15 ÷ 0.1	0.4
Softening point, ° С	70	130	100	80	100
Drying time for one layer, hours	24	12 ÷ 24	24	12 ÷ 24	12 ÷ 24
Depth of needle penetration at 25 ° C, 0.1 mm	15 ÷ 20	12 ÷ 20	15 ÷ 20	15 ÷ 20	12 ÷ 15
Consumption of mastic, liter / m², with a layer thickness of 2 mm	1	0.8 ÷ 1.0	0.8 ÷ 1.0	2.5 ÷ 3.0	0.25 ÷ 0.5

And about the same compositions - in more detail:

Illustration	Brief description of material features
	Mastic MGH-G "Grida" is a ready-to-use composition that does not require heating. The homogeneous mixture consists of petroleum bitumen, mineral filler and organic solvent. A similar composition is intended for external works on waterproofing various building structures, including those buried in the ground, except for those that will be subject to thermal effects in excess of 70 degrees during operation. Work on the application of this composition is carried out at an air temperature of at least +10 degrees, on a surface previously cleaned and primed with a bitumen primer.
	MGH-G mastic is quite thick and is often applied with a spatula. If it is planned to work with a brush or roller, then the mixture must be diluted with an organic solvent, the amount of which should not exceed 25 ÷ 50% of the mastic volume. As a solvent, you can use a petroleum solvent, white spirit, turpentine, xylene and similar organic compounds. If the waterproofing mastic will be used without additional materials, such as roofing material, then it is recommended to apply 2 ÷ 3 layers of the composition to the walls of the foundation, allowing each of them to dry from 6 to 24 hours, if the ambient temperature is at least +20 degrees. Complete drying of the coating occurs one day after the last layer is applied. If the work is carried out at low temperatures, then the drying time increases. The mastic goes on sale in metal buckets of 20 liters.
	MGH-K "Grida" is a ready-to-use bitumen-rubber composition, which consists of crushed crumb rubber, petroleum bitumen, resin acids, synthetic thermoplastic polymer and organic solvents. The ingredients that make up the mastic in the complex give it elasticity, which is not lost at temperatures from -35 to + 130 degrees. Waterproofing material is used for application to the roofing surface, foundations, and other parts of the outer parts of the building. Due to its balanced consistency, the mastic penetrates well and closes various surface flaws, such as chips, cracks and crevices. If the damage is wide, then the mastic is used in combination with a reinforcing fiberglass mesh. The strength and adhesion of this type of mastic is so high that it is used even for patching the road surface. Full list The work that can be done with this waterproofing material can be found on the packaging label.
	If it is necessary to obtain a more liquid composition, the mastic can be diluted with one of the organic solvents. It should be remembered that the solvent can be added in a volume of no more than 25 ÷ 50% of the total mass. To protect the foundation walls from moisture, it is recommended to apply two or three layers of mastic to their surface, and each of them is best reinforced with fiberglass or fiberglass mesh. Each of the layers must be dried for at least 6 hours at a temperature of at least 20 degrees. Final drying takes place within a day after applying the last layer of mastic. This mastic is sold in metal buckets with a volume of 2, 20, 50 liters.
	MGH-T "Grida" is a rubber-bitumen mastic, ready for application, consists of petroleum bitumen, mineral fillers, fine rubber crumb, solvent and synthetic rubber. The mastic has excellent adhesion, therefore it creates a durable, waterproof, elastic coating on the surface of concrete and metal, which can be used at temperatures from -40 to +100 degrees, that is, inert to temperature extremes. The material is suitable for waterproofing any surface, from roofing to basement or pool floors. The mastic is applied with a spatula, brush or roller, but in the latter applications it must be diluted. The application of this waterproofing compound is carried out according to the same principle as MGH-K "Grida". If you have to work at low temperatures, then the mastic needs to be slightly heated in a steam bath to a temperature of 30 ÷ 50 degrees. The mastic is packaged in containers of 2, 20 and 50 liters.
	"MEBIS" is a water-based bitumen-polymer mastic used cold for waterproofing works. It is used to protect the roof, as well as other building structures, including those buried in the ground. This waterproofing compound does not contain organic solvents, so it can be safely used not only for external but also internal work. The mastic is suitable for protecting not only concrete and metal, but also materials such as drywall, brick, wood and plaster. In addition, this mastic is an excellent primer for preparing surfaces for further waterproofing.
	If "MEBIS" is used in this capacity, then it is diluted with water, in proportions 1: 1. To prepare surfaces, it is enough to apply a primer on them with a layer of 1 mm. Waterproofing is applied to the prepared wall in two to three layers, between which fiberglass is laid. Drying of each layer will take 3 ÷ 4 hours, and final drying occurs after 12 ÷ 48 hours, depending on the temperature and humidity of the environment. The operating temperature of the material varies from -35 to +100 degrees. Material consumption depends on the quality of surface preparation, its porosity, structure and hygroscopicity. "MEBIS" is on sale in plastic buckets of 5, 20 and 50 kg.
	The plant "MPK KRZ" in Ryazan produces the "Smuglyanka" mastic. This waterproofing material consists of bitumen, rubber finely dispersed crumb, organic solvent and technological additives. The presence of rubber in the composition of the mastic makes it more elastic, increases the adhesive qualities of the material and its resistance to temperature extremes, soil and atmospheric moisture. Therefore, this type of material is suitable for waterproofing various areas of the building, including the roof, buried foundations, and swimming pools. If necessary, the bitumen mixture can be diluted with such solvents as gasoline, nefras, solvent, white spirit and others similar. This process will have to be carried out if the work is supposed to be done with a brush or roller. The consumption of such a mastic when applied to the walls of the foundation with a layer of 2 mm will be 2.5 ÷ 3 kg / m². It goes on sale in metal containers with packaging of 18 kg.

Video: bituminous mastic «Bitumast "- reliable waterproofing from foundation to roof

At the end of the topic, it should be emphasized once again that when choosing a material for waterproofing, it is worth giving preference to well-known trusted manufacturers who comply with the established quality standards for manufacturing their products. However, whatever mastic is chosen to protect the foundation, the waterproofing coating will be truly reliable only if all technological requirements for applying the material to the surface are observed.

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