The choice of penetrating waterproofing. Penetrating waterproofing for concrete - features and methods of application. Lubricating penetrating waterproofing: distinctive features

For protection structural elements of structures from the destructive effects of liquids, many technologies have been developed. Samples of relevant products differ in characteristics, application, and most of them have long been known to the mass consumer. But with regard to penetrating waterproofing for concrete, this cannot be said - "in the subject", as they say now, are few, with the exception of specialized specialists. What it is, is it really necessary to do without it in many situations, or is it just another enticement - all such questions will become the subject of detailed consideration in this article.

An analysis of the reviews, different opinions and judgments of those who have at least heard something about such waterproofing or came across it, shows that they are very contradictory. Apparently, this is due to confusion, and even a banal substitution of concepts. It is difficult for an inexperienced person to understand the variety of insulation materials, so you should start with some clarifications.

1. First, when finishing concrete with roll (mastic) products, high qualifications are not required. The use of penetrating waterproofing agents requires not only experience, but also knowledge of the specifics of their use. Can everyone boast of this? This is the main reason for a number of negative reviews.

2. Secondly, the range of insulation materials is huge. Many of them are very similar in their characteristics, method of application, and a number of other parameters. Hence the confusion.

3. Thirdly, the compositions of penetrating waterproofing on the market not so long ago, and the lack of statistics raises some doubts about their effectiveness and increased duration.

4. Fourth, the relative fragility of traditional materials is a guarantee that builders will not be left without work. This is one of the reasons why they focus on these types of waterproofing, modestly keeping silent about the products Ceresit, Lakhta, Penetron, Kalmatron, Hydrotex. By the way, these brands are not the only ones that are actively used in concreting. The choice is large, including the price.

Features of the compositions

The specificity of protecting an artificial stone is in increasing its water resistance. This waterproofing does more than prevent direct contact between material and liquid. It penetrates into its structure (up to 35-40 mm), that is, it ensures the invariability of the characteristics of concrete when exposed to moisture throughout the entire depth.

1. Composition of waterproofing preparations of penetrating action.

It may vary depending on the modification and manufacturer, but the main components are conventionally divided into 3 groups.

• Portland cement.
• Filler (mostly fine sand).
• Chemicals / compounds - additives. As such salts of metals (alkaline earth) and polymers are present.

2. The specificity of the action.

Whatever brand of solution is used for concreting, fake diamond to a certain extent characterized by porosity. Since any cement contains calcium, a reaction occurs as a result of capillary penetration of waterproofing between it and the additives. As a consequence, crystallization of the newly formed chemical / compounds. The smallest solid fractions completely clog all "microchannels" (cavities), thereby preventing the penetration of liquid into the structure of the concreted part over the entire area of \u200b\u200bapplication of insulation.

3. Varieties.

4. Benefits.

Briefly, since such isolation has quite a lot of them.

• Certain characteristics of traditional materials impose a number of restrictions on their use - in terms of temperature, pressure, humidity. They are not essential for penetrating waterproofing.
• Mechanical damage to concrete leads to a violation of the protective layer (mastic, roll). After using penetrating compounds, the quality does not decrease if any defect occurs. But only if the impregnation was introduced into the solution during mixing.
• The higher cost is repaid many times over in terms of insulation efficiency and durability.
• Ease of use. Hard-to-reach areas, spot repair, “all-weather” - this makes these mixtures sometimes the only way to solve the problem.

Now, having a general understanding of the penetrating (capillary) waterproofing of concrete, you can also read the reviews about it. The opinions, as noted, are very different. The reader will decide for himself what to take into account and what to skip.

People's opinions

“A colleague suggested to me the idea of \u200b\u200busing a penetrating composition for waterproofing a basement from groundwater. I am skeptical about various reviews on the Internet about any product. And here - an opinion based on personal experience, and quite long-term. I processed everything that is concreted from the inside with Lakhta insulation. After 2 years, I can say that the efficiency is high, and the cost is quite consistent with the final result. "

Vitaly, Murmansk.

“My opinion on why penetrating compounds have not yet gained widespread acceptance in the private sector is a lack of information and a lack of skills. Everyone can equip the waterproofing with pasting or plastering, but not soaking concrete with high quality. But if you look into the specifics of the application, it becomes clear that this is a great option. Concrete structures do not need to be dried, sheltered from precipitation, everything is done quite quickly. What else is needed? I worked with Penetron and put such isolation as a fat plus. "

Andrey, Ufa.

“Concerning such compositions, only one thing confuses - the lack of statistics on time. These products are relatively new, so any final conclusions are inappropriate. But the fact that it is one of the most comfortable and effective ways protection of concrete structures - no doubt. It is a pity that such insulation has some restrictions on the porosity of materials, but otherwise I see no shortcomings. Even the price is not a disadvantage. "

Victor, Astrakhan.

“Personally, I have not worked with penetrating agents, but simple logic dictates that in most cases this method of waterproofing is better. As an engineer, I will say that everything must be taken into account: time for an operation, complexity, local specifics, material shelf life, and the like. It is possible that it is more profitable to use rolled products for finishing a septic tank from concrete goods, but if we are talking about a foundation, then it will not be enough alone. I believe that the cost of waterproofing should not prevail over quality, but one penetrating one may not provide it. But a combination of different types, comprehensive protection is an ideal option. "

Igor, Samara.

“Any mastic or roll insulation cannot be in contact with liquids for a long time - this is a fact. No wonder the manufacturers indicate such a characteristic as moisture absorption. I used a combined method when finishing a concrete basement - first impregnation with Kalmatron, then treatment with Ceresite. And the quality is high, and the money is not expensive. "

Marat Ishimov, Moscow.

“I consider the versatility of the penetrating formulations as a plus. The range is extensive, application - in any conditions, even in confined spaces. Opinions on the advisability of buying differ, but if you summarize all the reviews about such waterproofing, it turns out that there are much more advantages than disadvantages. He worked with Lakhta twice and was personally convinced of its advantages over conventional mastics, bitumen, roofing material. "

1. Specificity of use. For different types of work (primary concrete treatment, prevention, insulation of joints), it is desirable to purchase a certain modification of products from 4 main groups - "suture", "repair" or W12 (2 options).

2. Method of application.

3. The degree of wear also affects the choice of waterproofing.

4. Features of the preparation of the concrete base. In fact, the amount of work to be done.

5. Surface material. It makes no sense to buy waterproofing of sufficiently deep penetration (its price is higher) if it is only intended to protect the plaster layer.

6. Restrictions. They are different for each composition, so we will give the most common ones:

• Water permeability of the base - not lower than what index?
• The impregnation of cellular concrete is ineffective when using any brand of waterproofing.
• Not all compounds are suitable for the protection of structures on which there is a risk of cracking during operation.

Brand name	Packing, kg	Insulation application specificity	Retail price, rubles
Crystallisol	25	suture	1 580
		coating	2 380
	3	"Hydroseal"	369
Kalmatron	25	penetrating	1 890
	10		725
Lakhta		powder (can be added to the solution)	1 580
	25	suture	2 890
		penetrating	3 880
Penetron		mastic	275 – 295
Ceresite			954 – 978

Construction wooden house includes protecting it from the harmful effects of moisture. Moreover, you need to protect not only the walls, foundation and roof, but also floors, ceilings and any elements. Penetrating waterproofing of concrete can play an important role, especially during spring floods. We will learn about what penetrating waterproofing of concrete is, how it is used in wooden housebuilding and what reviews of existing compositions sound from users after reading this article.

Penetrating concrete waterproofing or penetration was invented in Denmark and came to us relatively recently. The first lineup was called Vandex and was released by VANDEX. Later, on the basis of this invention, the Canadian Xeyplex from the XYPEX company, the Spanish Draiser from DRIZORO, the American Penetron from PENETRON appear.

Based on user reviews, the American Deep Action Penetron is the best of the entire line. It protects concrete more reliably from cracking and moisture penetration. But there is a big drawback - Penetron is expensive.

Our manufacturing companies have solved this problem by developing their own deep-acting penetrating formulations: Aquatron, Lakhta, Coral, Kalmatron, Hydrotex, Wesson, etc. among the most popular are Lakhta. In terms of their composition, Lakhta and Penetron are similar, but the price for the domestic composition is lower.

Reviews about Lakhta are mostly positive. negative ones are associated with low-quality fakes, or with work with formulations that have expired. In some stores, you can find Lakhta and Penetron deep-acting formulations with a good shelf life, but the composition was not stored correctly. It is difficult to insure against such purchases. By purchasing high-quality penetrating waterproofing, concrete can be endowed with unique protective properties.

Penetration action

IN wooden house penetrating waterproofing is used to protect the concrete surfaces of the foundation, basement walls and basement rooms, garage and wells.
Any concrete structure has a porous structure. Moisture easily gets into the smallest cracks, rising it penetrates into the wood. And talking about the interaction of water and wood is not worth talking once again.

The use of roll-on waterproofers does not give a long-term effect. Delamination occurs and the foundation deforms and cracks. And it is laborious to apply bituminous coating compositions. 90% of them need to be heated and applied quickly, as curing occurs within a few minutes. Moreover, such events are not safe.

Deep penetrating waterproofing helps to solve most of the problems. the main thing is to choose the right composition and carry out the processing in a complex way. the main action of penetrating concrete compounds is based on the chemical interaction of free lime (calcium hydroxide) and capillary water inside the concrete. Due to the reaction of these elements, hydrosilicates and hydroluminates are formed, which are practically insoluble in water. These crystals form a strong protection within the structure of the concrete structure and enhance the texture of the material. Waterproofing is applied with a simple brush or roller; for simplicity, you can use a spray gun. The composition penetrates into the structure concrete wall 10-20 cm.

Pros and cons of penetrating coatings

For a wooden house, penetrating compounds are used to protect the basement, foundation, roof. But the scope of use of the composition is almost limitless, it can handle walls, floor logs, rafter system... You can work with the material inside and outside the house. Positive reviews about waterproofing are associated with its main advantages:

1. Waterproofing with a layer of 10 cm in 1 pass.
2. Healing of microcracks on a concrete structure.
3. Frost resistance of concrete structures increases 2-3 times.
4. Resistant to chemical attack.
5. The service life of the impregnating concrete protection is more than 25 years.
6. The structure remains vapor-permeable, which means that oxygen circulation in a wooden house is not disturbed.
7. Can be applied from the inside and outside of the building at any temperature.

Over time, the effect of waterproofing only becomes stronger. And it can be applied to any surface, dry or wet.
Negative reviews are mainly about the high price of the material.

Features of applying concrete waterproofing

It is necessary to apply penetrating emulsions to the concrete surface of the walls and floor of the basement in the following steps:

Depending on the type of work, waterproofing measures using penetrating emulsions may vary.

Injections for a concrete or brick part of the house

A structure made of wood, for example a bursa house, can be built on a columnar foundation. It can be assembled from red bricks. Previously, a penetrating composition was not used to waterproof such structures, the situation has changed in the last 5 years. Any brickwork is treated similarly.
Processing is carried out in two ways:

1. Waterproofing penetrating concrete shut-off. With a step of 25 cm, shallow holes are drilled in the masonry at an angle of 45 °. A protective emulsion will be driven into them with a special syringe.
2. Shallow shirt waterproofing. The brick is cut in parts and some seams are cut. Instead, plaster is applied mixed with a penetrating composition, and the composition is pushed on top again.

Important: All work in the brick part of the foundation can be performed only with a special device. Therefore, specialists carry out the work. It is not effective to apply the composition to a brick foundation with a brush or roller.
The main thing for work is to choose an effective and high-quality composition.

MK-TRON penetrating

The relatively young brand MK-Tron has already established itself on the market waterproofing materials stable product quality at a relatively low cost. In particular, a dry building mixture is produced under the brand name: penetrating MK-Tron. Similarly, the waterproofing result occurs due to the filling of pores and microvoids of concrete with a poorly soluble composition in liquid form on a wet surface, which later crystallizes.

The limitation of the penetration depth of MK-Tron is determined by the depth of the pores of the concrete on which the composition is applied. After processing the concrete structure with a solution, the water resistance increases by 2-3 steps, the frost resistance increases by the F200 value. The consumption of the penetrating composition is calculated approximately 1 kg of dry mix per 1 m2 of concrete surface. Packaging - convenient plastic buckets with a handle for packing 5kg and 25kg.

The table below shows the main parameters of the MK-Tron penetrating mixture:

Aggregate fraction, mm, no more	0,63
Consumption per 1 m² when applying a layer 1 mm thick, kg	1,2
Consumption for 1 m², minimum, kg	1,0
Consumption per 1 m², recommended, kg	1,6
Consumption per 1 m², applied in one pass, depending on the surface quality, kg	0,6-0,8
Mortar mixture MK-Tron penetrating
Water consumption for mixing 1 kg of dry mix, coating method, l	0,33-0,34
Consumption of water for mixing 1 kg of dry mix, injection method, l	0,5
Viability, min	30
Application temperature, ᵒC	from +5 to +30
Increase in water resistance mark depending on concrete quality and application thickness, not less	2-3 steps
Increase in frost resistance depending on the quality of concrete and thickness of application, not less	on F200
Heat resistance of treated concrete under constant impact, ᵒC	120
Contact of treated concrete with drinking water	allowed
Operation of treated concrete in aggressive environments	5< pH <14
Climatic zones of application	everything
Start of operation
Filling the reservoir with water (waterproofing on the clamp) is allowed after application through	14 days
Filling the reservoir with water (tear-off waterproofing) is allowed after application through	1 day

All MK-Tron products have a certificate of compliance with the GOST R Certification System. Each batch is tested in a laboratory to obtain a quality certificate.

Advantages

• Reliability
• Water vapor permeability.
• Resistance to mechanical damage.
• High resistance to aggressive environments and sea water.
• Profitability
• Low consumption.
• Ease of use
• Apply to a damp surface.
• Can be applied manually or mechanically.
• Safety
• Does not contain solvents and other substances hazardous to health.

Lakhta or Penetron, pros and cons

Mixtures of Russian production Lakhta and American Penetron can be purchased in the form of a dry composition with a grayish color. The composition contains quartz sand and special cement - Portland.
Lakhta and Penetron are used:

1. For installation of shut-off waterproofing.
2. In the laying of brick and stone.
3. Pool protection.
4. For the treatment of floor, ceiling and concrete foundation walls.

Performs a protective function against: water, oils, alkali, acid, and other liquid substances. Lakhta and Penetron have a unique property: crystals formed inside the foundation will increase when moisture enters, and in a dry state the size does not change. This allows the protective layer to adapt to varying degrees of humidity. Penetration depth: Lakhta - 13 cm, Penetron - 15 cm.

You can buy the mixture at various hardware stores or on the Internet. It is sold weighing 5, 10, 20 kg. The price of trains differs by 200-500 rubles.

Advantages of waterproofing Lakhta and Penetron:

1. They are non-toxic and do not cause allergic reactions.
2. Withstand any water pressure.
3. Adapt to the structure of the foundation and become a single whole.
4. Do not block oxygen access through the foundation.
5. When it gets into the structure, they increase the frost resistance and strength of the foundation.
6. Can be used in any climatic zone.

The construction of any home begins with a foundation that needs protection from moisture and groundwater. For this, a number of measures are taken to waterproof the foundations of houses, using all kinds of roll coatings, mastics, sealants, etc. Such materials must serve as a reliable barrier against water.

Recently, the so-called. What it is and what advantages it has will be discussed in this article.
Most often, roll coatings or bituminous mastics are used to protect the foundation from moisture, which require certain knowledge and experience during installation. A small defect in the construction of a protective foundation barrier based on these materials can lead to serious consequences. Moisture will penetrate through the walls of the foundation, which will lead to premature destruction of concrete, a decrease in thermal insulation properties, constant dampness in the basement or basement.

Traditionally, waterproofing is done outside the strip foundation, at the stage of laying the house. What to do when your house is already fully built, and water seeps through the concrete walls in the basement.

The first step is to determine the cause of the leak. The most common causes are a burst water pipe or poor waterproofing protection. If it is quite easy to eliminate a leak in a pipe, then re-waterproofing the foundation is a very time-consuming and expensive task. To do this, you will have to dig up the entire house around the perimeter, dry out the concrete structure, clean it from dirt, find the place of leakage and then put a patch. True, after a few years, a new leak may appear and the whole process will have to be repeated anew.

Therefore appeared penetrating waterproofing for concrete and foundationsthat can be applied from the inside, unlike traditional materials that are applied only from the outside. This does not require special skills, and all the work can be done independently, without the involvement of hired workers.

The principle of action of penetrating waterproofing

Untreated concrete walls of the foundation are not a serious obstacle to water, therefore, in the absence of good protection, it sooner or later begins to seep into the basement. Water can also seep through cement joints between foundation blocks or through joints in brickwork. The problem of how to fix these leaks after building a house is described a little higher. In such cases, the best solution would be to apply penetrating waterproofing to the concrete from the inside or from the living side of the room.

This material is a mixture of high-quality cement with the addition of ground quartz sand and special additives, which perform the main function of waterproofing concrete.

The principle of action of penetrating waterproofing is as follows - when the mixture is applied to the walls of the foundation or to concrete surfaces, chemically active additives begin to penetrate through the capillaries, and upon contact with water, they form insoluble crystals that fill voids, pores, microcracks. Thanks to this, concrete structures become waterproof, more dense, durable and frost-resistant.

If, when protecting concrete, and in particular building foundations from water with polymer-bitumen mastics, roll or polymer coatings, a dry surface is required, then for penetrating waterproofing, on the contrary, it is necessary that the material be well moistened. due to contact with water, active growth of crystals occurs in the pores of concrete.

Penetrating compounds can be applied both inside and outside the structure. Thanks to chemical processes, the concrete itself acquires the property of water resistance. This is the fundamental difference between penetrating waterproofing and other types.

Scope of penetrating compositions

Due to its properties and ease of application, waterproofing penetrating action has become widespread not only in the construction of houses, but also in the construction of swimming pools, cellars, bathrooms, wells, i.e. for structures exposed to active water exposure.

It can be used both outside and inside, at the beginning of construction, and during subsequent repairs, therefore, it is practically indispensable for protecting the walls and floors of basements in already constructed buildings, where it is problematic to carry out external waterproofing.

In monolithic construction or when constructing a pool, it is possible to add penetrating waterproofing to the concrete mix so that the cured concrete becomes waterproof. This method is used in the construction of dams, tanks for oil products, berths, bridges, sewers, pumping stations, etc. The list goes on and on. As you can see, the use of such compositions is quite wide.

Unfortunately, many people still do not know about this type of waterproofing and use various bitumen-based coatings. The disadvantage of bitumen-containing materials is that when applied from the inside, they cannot withstand water pressure, therefore, they cease to perform their function. In addition, with displacement or shrinkage of the soil, the external traditional bitumen protection can receive mechanical damage, which will render the entire foundation waterproofing system unusable.

Application of penetrating waterproofing

1) The first thing to do is to prepare the surface for applying penetrating waterproofing. This can be done mechanically or chemically. Regardless of the preparation method, you need to get rid of efflorescence on the concrete surface, which strongly prevent the penetration of the composition deep into the structure.With the mechanical method, you can use a drill or grinder with a stiff metal brush.

A more advanced method is the use of high-pressure water-jet machines, which quickly and effectively eliminate large areas of efflorescence. A protective suit and respirator must be used for this treatment.

In the chemical method, special compounds are used that are applied to the surface and dissolve efflorescence on the concrete surface.

Of all the preparation methods, the simplest, most effective and economical is to clean the surface with a grinder or drill. As a rule, everyone has these tools, but it is expensive to buy or rent water jet machines, and sometimes there is nowhere. During chemical processing, you will have to spend money on reagents that are not cheap.

2) The second important step is saturation of the treated surface with water. This must be done especially carefully, because the quality of the impregnation depends on how deeply the composition of the penetrating waterproofing penetrates into the concrete. It is necessary that one square meter of the surface absorbs at least 5 liters of water. This should be done in several passes, i.e. we spray the surface with a spray bottle, wait until everything is absorbed and repeat the process again.

3) The final step will be to apply the mixture to the surface to be treated. Typically, the application method is written on the waterproofing penetration packaging. If there is no such instruction, then the application of the composition takes place in two stages. The first layer is rubbed in with a hard sponge or brush, and the next layer is applied perpendicular to the previous one with a spatula or brush, depending on the consistency. There are also liquid mixtures that can be applied with a spray gun.

Approximately one hour after applying the topcoat, the concrete surface must be re-wetted.

If all work is done carefully and in compliance with all technologies, then the concrete becomes waterproof to a depth of 400 mm. The strength of concrete increases, the number of freezing and thawing cycles increases.

Penetrating waterproofing device for masonry

There are situations when it is necessary to protect brick walls from moisture. But penetrating waterproofing is designed to protect materials based on cement-sand compositions, and it is not able to penetrate deep into the brick. What to do in this case?

To do this, make the so-called waterproofing plaster. It is arranged as follows:

- a plaster mesh with a cell size of 50x50 mm is attached to the brickwork, at a distance of 15 mm from the wall;

- the surface is plastered with a cement-sand mixture. In this case, plaster or lime-based plaster cannot be used. The thickness of the plaster layer must be more than 40 mm;

- in a day, you can apply the composition of the penetrating waterproofing.

As a result of these actions, a protection against water is formed, the thickness of which is the thickness of the plaster layer. The reliability of waterproofing in this case depends on how well the plaster adheres to the brickwork.

Benefits of penetrating waterproofing

Summing up, we will list the main advantages of penetrating waterproofing, which distinguish it favorably from traditional materials:

• the composition can be applied from the inside and outside;
• the vapor permeability of the structure is preserved;
• ease of application, no special knowledge required;
• the possibility of using in already constructed buildings;
• frost resistance, durability and strength of concrete structures increases;
• can be applied to damp surfaces;
• environmentally friendly, therefore it is used for the construction of swimming pools and drinking water tanks.

Now on the market there are materials from various manufacturers. The most common are Penetron, Lakhta, Xypex, Drizoro, Hydrochit, Antihydron, Crystallisol, etc. All penetrating formulations differ slightly in their technical characteristics, application method and price. Therefore, before buying, it is better to consult with specialists from various manufacturers in order to obtain more reliable information.

Waterproofing helps to withstand prolonged exposure to moisture, which becomes a barrier to water seepage into the pores of concrete. The use of a penetrating composition makes it possible to make a confident sealing of a layer up to 15 cm thick. Some manufacturers declare that the mixture passes into the surface up to 0.6 m. The frost resistance brand grows by 2-3 steps.

The difference between penetrating waterproofing and roll or coating coatings is that during application, the components seep through the pores filled with moisture to a considerable depth and crystallize. The resulting protection works for the entire service life of the structure, it can only be destroyed together with the base material. The hardened layer will not allow water to pass through, but will remain vapor-permeable.

Penetrating insulation involves the use of concrete, reinforced concrete structures and cement plaster to protect them. It cannot be chosen for large-porous products: asbestos-cement slabs, foam and expanded clay concrete blocks.

The composition of dry penetrating waterproofing includes the following components:

1. portland cement;
2. finely ground quartz or silicate sand (screening of a given grain size fraction);
3. active polymer additives.

Manufacturers try not to disclose the full names of active chemical additives and indicate in the passport only the main properties that affect compatibility with other materials. In addition to Ceresit and Knauf, they have proven themselves well:

• Carat;
• Penetron (Penetron);
• Vandex;
• Hydrotex;
• Xypex,
• Masterseal;
• Kalmatron;
• Lakhta.

The products are produced both as a ready-to-use form and in the form of concentrates, dry mixtures that require preliminary dilution with water. Packaged liquid waterproofing can be an aqueous suspension (canister), a thicker mastic (closed bucket). Application to concrete floors is done with a brush or paint roller. The surface must be abundantly moistened with water so that the protection can penetrate to the maximum depth.

Increasing the efficiency of waterproofing works is due to the use of auxiliary products for a narrower purpose. Sealing of cracks and chips larger than 0.3 mm, protection of joints, seams, passages of technological communications of prefabricated structures is done with a solution with special characteristics from the line of the same manufacturer. Such dry mixes have a similar composition based on Portland cement, but when solidified in cavities, they do not shrink or increase in volume, form an array with increased strength. The use of such a type as a waterproofing seal is permissible with the direct flow of water from the destroyed area.

The obligatory characteristics of penetrating capillary waterproofing include obtaining good adhesion of the treated base and increasing the surface resistance to mechanical stress.

Grades of mixtures for concrete insulation

Penetrating materials are applied as liquid waterproofing, but for the possibility of long-term storage, ease of transportation and use in the right amount, they are often released in dry form.

Suitable for isolation:

• foundations;
• all types of concrete structures;
• brick inserts in self-leveling or prefabricated reinforced concrete structures;
• basement walls from groundwater ingress;
• floors and floors;
• pools, wells, drinking water tanks;
• cement plaster.

WDM SM-Extra is a penetrating coating waterproofing for concrete with water-restoring functions (W16). At the same time, the chemical resistance of the surface increases, and additional protection against leaching out of other polymer additives that improve characteristics appears.

Consumption - 1.5 kg / m² with a layer thickness of 1 mm. When performing insulation, apply with a spatula or palm with a layer of 2-3 mm. For leveling, use a brush soaked in water. The surface and ambient air temperature should be within the range from +5 to + 35 ° С. A used floor is cleaned of dirt and dust, abundantly moistened and maintained in this state for 5-7 days.

2. CT Tron-1.

For waterproofing the floor on the ground in a private house located in an area of \u200b\u200bfrequent flooding by groundwater, it is great to buy a dry mixture, the use of which is provided in the form of coating and injections. The received protection is resistant to the technogenic pressure of aggressive liquid media and gases. Concrete becomes immune to seawater, carbonization and deicing salts, vapor permeability remains.

Consumption at a thickness of 1 mm is 1.2 kg / m². Minimum allowable - 1 kg, recommended by the manufacturer - 1.6. For 1 pass, you need to impose no more than 0.8 kg. Frost resistance of concrete is increased by F200-F300 (depending on its quality). Crystals of KT Tron-1 can penetrate in a liquid medium to a depth of 0.6 m. Concrete treated with penetrating waterproofing can withstand constant exposure to +1 200 ° C.

3. Penetron.

High-quality waterproofing of the basement floor is carried out with the penetrating composition of this line. No specific preparation of the work site is required. In the dissolved state, the ready-made liquid mixture can be applied to a damp or dry surface. This saves time and costs for drying / wetting the substrate.

In an individual household, they choose for the following reasons:

• applicable for all grades of concrete;
• forms a strong bond with reinforcing parts;
• environmentally safe, in contact with drinking water.

4. VODIPREN COMPOUND.

This is an example of a bitumen-latex emulsion with the addition of synthetic resins. It is sprayed simultaneously with the catalyst by a special airless spraying unit. Possesses a high degree of adhesion, is operated at -25 and + 100 ° С. Polymer rubber withstands impacts and stretching up to 5000%. The advantage is its versatility - it can be used on surfaces assembled from different materials (concrete, brick, wood, metal, plastic, glass). It lends itself to staining and does not form seams, carrying out a complete sealing of the base.

To protect against moisture, liquid glass (sodium) GOST 13078-81 is taken as an additive, more about it in. It is chosen when bituminous coating is impossible both for covering the base and for adding to a fresh solution. It is appreciated for its low material cost and good strength characteristics of the resulting surface, antibacterial properties. But liquid glass is not used on its own, only as an additive. Re-processing occurs at least 5 years later.

6. Penecrite.

To seal the seams from the inside, mixtures (dry) Penekrit are produced, which are used in combination with Penetron. They have water resistance W14 at a flow rate of 1.5 kg / m.

7. Gidroteks-Sh.

Has a frost resistance of 200 cycles and a consumption of 0.9-1.0 kg / l.m.

Materials for carrying out penetrating protection should be bought based on the following fundamental points:

1. Availability of application technology, requirements for surface preparation.
2. Compliance with the maximum permissible indicators of operating conditions (temperature regime, expected loads, aggressiveness of the environment).
3. Estimated service life. Concrete structures are designed, as a rule, for tens of years - the high cost of protection will pay off many times over by the absence of the need for repair and restoration work.
4. Compatibility with other materials and their components. All penetrating compounds (basic and additional) to guarantee the quality of the result must be taken from the same line. When choosing a penetrating impregnation, it is better to take into account the brand of plasticizers in concrete and the chemistry of the environment of the intended topcoat.
5. Expiration date for use. Rapid setting of a solution (for example, liquid glass) requires working skills and calculating the preparation of portions of the mixture for a single production. The alternative is to increase the number of working hands.
6. The shelf life of dry packaging before the start of work.

The construction of any home begins with a foundation that needs protection from moisture and groundwater. For this, a number of measures are taken to waterproof the foundations of houses, using all kinds of roll coatings, mastics, sealants, etc. Such materials must serve as a reliable barrier against water.

Recently, the so-called penetrating waterproofing... What it is and what advantages it has will be discussed in this article.
Most often, roll coatings or bituminous mastics are used to protect the foundation from moisture, which require certain knowledge and experience during installation. A small defect in the construction of a protective foundation barrier based on these materials can lead to serious consequences. Moisture will penetrate through the walls of the foundation, which will lead to premature destruction of concrete, a decrease in thermal insulation properties, constant dampness in the basement or basement.

Traditionally, waterproofing is done outside the strip foundation, at the stage of laying the house. What to do when your house is already fully built, and water seeps through the concrete walls in the basement.

The first step is to determine the cause of the leak. The most common causes are a burst water pipe or poor waterproofing protection. If it is quite easy to eliminate a leak in a pipe, then re-waterproofing the foundation is a very time-consuming and expensive task. To do this, you will have to dig up the entire house around the perimeter, dry out the concrete structure, clean it from dirt, find the place of leakage and then put a patch. True, after a few years, a new leak may appear and the whole process will have to be repeated anew.

Therefore appeared penetrating waterproofing for concrete and foundationsthat can be applied from the inside, unlike traditional materials that are applied only from the outside. This does not require special skills, and all the work can be done independently, without the involvement of hired workers.

Untreated concrete walls of the foundation are not a serious obstacle to water, therefore, in the absence of good protection, it sooner or later begins to seep into the basement. Water can also seep through cement joints between foundation blocks or through joints in brickwork. The problem of how to fix these leaks after building a house is described a little higher. In such cases, the best solution would be to apply penetrating waterproofing to the concrete from the inside or from the living side of the room.

This material is a mixture of high-quality cement with the addition of ground quartz sand and special additives, which perform the main function of waterproofing concrete.

The principle of action of penetrating waterproofing is as follows - when the mixture is applied to the walls of the foundation or to concrete surfaces, chemically active additives begin to penetrate through the capillaries, and upon contact with water, they form insoluble crystals that fill voids, pores, microcracks. Thanks to this, concrete structures become waterproof, more dense, durable and frost-resistant.

If, when protecting concrete, and in particular building foundations from water with polymer-bitumen mastics, roll or polymer coatings, a dry surface is required, then for penetrating waterproofing, on the contrary, it is necessary that the material be well moistened. due to contact with water, active growth of crystals occurs in the pores of concrete.

Penetrating compounds can be applied both inside and outside the structure. Thanks to chemical processes, the concrete itself acquires the property of water resistance. This is the fundamental difference between penetrating waterproofing and other types.

Scope of penetrating compositions

Due to its properties and ease of application, waterproofing penetrating action has become widespread not only in the construction of houses, but also in the construction of swimming pools, cellars, bathrooms, wells, i.e. for structures exposed to active water exposure.

It can be used both outside and inside, at the beginning of construction, and during subsequent repairs, therefore, it is practically indispensable for protecting the walls and floors of basements in already constructed buildings, where it is problematic to carry out external waterproofing.

In monolithic construction or when constructing a pool, it is possible to add penetrating waterproofing to the concrete mix so that the cured concrete becomes waterproof. This method is used in the construction of dams, tanks for oil products, berths, bridges, sewers, pumping stations, etc. The list goes on and on. As you can see, the use of such compositions is quite wide.

Unfortunately, many people still do not know about this type of waterproofing and use various bitumen-based coatings. The disadvantage of bitumen-containing materials is that when applied from the inside, they cannot withstand water pressure, therefore, they cease to perform their function. In addition, with displacement or shrinkage of the soil, the external traditional bitumen protection can receive mechanical damage, which will render the entire foundation waterproofing system unusable.

Application of penetrating waterproofing

1) The first thing to do is to prepare the surface for applying penetrating waterproofing. This can be done mechanically or chemically. Regardless of the preparation method, you need to get rid of efflorescence on the concrete surface, which strongly prevent the penetration of the composition deep into the structure.With the mechanical method, you can use a drill or grinder with a stiff metal brush.

A more advanced method is the use of high-pressure water-jet machines, which quickly and effectively eliminate large areas of efflorescence. A protective suit and respirator must be used for this treatment.

In the chemical method, special compounds are used that are applied to the surface and dissolve efflorescence on the concrete surface.

Of all the preparation methods, the simplest, most effective and economical is to clean the surface with a grinder or drill. As a rule, everyone has these tools, but it is expensive to buy or rent water jet machines, and sometimes there is nowhere. During chemical processing, you will have to spend money on reagents that are not cheap.

2) The second important step is saturation of the treated surface with water. This must be done especially carefully, because the quality of the impregnation depends on how deeply the composition of the penetrating waterproofing penetrates into the concrete. It is necessary that one square meter of the surface absorbs at least 5 liters of water. This should be done in several passes, i.e. we spray the surface with a spray bottle, wait until everything is absorbed and repeat the process again.

3) The final step will be to apply the mixture to the surface to be treated. Typically, the application method is written on the waterproofing penetration packaging. If there is no such instruction, then the application of the composition takes place in two stages. The first layer is rubbed in with a hard sponge or brush, and the next layer is applied perpendicular to the previous one with a spatula or brush, depending on the consistency. There are also liquid mixtures that can be applied with a spray gun.

Approximately one hour after applying the topcoat, the concrete surface must be re-wetted.

If all work is done carefully and in compliance with all technologies, then the concrete becomes waterproof to a depth of 400 mm. The strength of concrete increases, the number of freezing and thawing cycles increases.

Penetrating waterproofing device for masonry

There are situations when it is necessary to protect brick walls from moisture. But penetrating waterproofing is designed to protect materials based on cement-sand compositions, and it is not able to penetrate deep into the brick. What to do in this case?

To do this, make the so-called waterproofing plaster. It is arranged as follows:

A plaster mesh with a cell size of 50x50 mm is attached to the brickwork, at a distance of 15 mm from the wall;

The surface is plastered with a cement-sand mixture. In this case, plaster or lime-based plaster cannot be used. The thickness of the plaster layer must be more than 40 mm;

After a day, you can apply the composition of the penetrating waterproofing.

As a result of these actions, a protection against water is formed, the thickness of which is the thickness of the plaster layer. The reliability of waterproofing in this case depends on how well the plaster adheres to the brickwork.

Benefits of penetrating waterproofing

Summing up, we will list the main advantages of penetrating waterproofing, which distinguish it favorably from traditional materials:

• the composition can be applied from the inside and outside;
• the vapor permeability of the structure is preserved;
• ease of application, no special knowledge required;
• the possibility of using in already constructed buildings;
• frost resistance, durability and strength of concrete structures increases;
• can be applied to damp surfaces;
• environmentally friendly, therefore it is used for the construction of swimming pools and drinking water tanks.

Now on the market there are materials from various manufacturers. The most common are Penetron, Lakhta, Xypex, Drizoro, Hydrochit, Antihydron, Crystallisol, etc. All penetrating formulations differ slightly in their technical characteristics, application method and price. Therefore, before buying, it is better to consult with specialists from various manufacturers in order to obtain more reliable information.

What is better, breaking or penetrating the basement waterproofing?

Basement waterproofing - a set of works designed to remove moisture, fight against fungi and mold.

Protection of the surface from the negative effects of external factors prolongs the service life of the structure and increases the reliability of operation It is carried out using special waterproofing mixtures with improved protective properties.

Waterproofing methods

Depending on how the mixture is used, there are two ways to waterproof the basement of a house - penetrating and lubricating.

Based on the operating conditions of the premises, the temperature regime and climatic conditions are selected, the optimal approach to surface protection.

Breakthrough waterproofing

Special mixtures of deep penetration of cement-polymer material are used.

Waterproofing for concrete - improving the performance of buildings and structures

For waterproofing basements, you can use the following mixtures of cement and polymer:

• Penetron;
• CT prestol-1;
• "Penetrate"
• "Kalmatron".

Advantages of water penetration:

• Ease of use of cement-polymer mixtures (only the surface must be cleaned).
• Large penetration depth (up to 50 cm).
• Long service life (the same period of operation of concrete and reinforced concrete structures).
• Relatively low costs.

Lubricating waterproofing

Bitumen-polymer or bitumen-rubber sealants are used, which form a strong film on the surface with a thickness of 1 to 3-5 mm.

The polymerization rate of the components of the mixture depends on the surface temperature and the concentration of chemical reagents. The sealant has excellent adhesion properties, which significantly increases the service life and enhances the protective properties of the waterproofing coating.

Depending on the operating conditions of the building and the required level of protection, the following mixtures can be used:

• Penetrat Elast;
• CT prestol-10 1K;
• UNIS Hydroplast;
• Knauf Flachendicht.

Benefits of lubricating insulation:

• It can be used on surfaces that are in direct contact with water.
• The number of layers depends on the working conditions of the room and can vary from 1 to 4-5.
• It provides complete protection of a room with negative pressure up to 5 atm.
• It retains its integrity when cracks appear up to 2 mm.

Which one is better?

Strong waterproofing is used to protect the surface from mildew, mildew and moisture under normal operating conditions, while the lubricant is used for more extreme conditions (direct contact with water, high pressure).

Regardless of how the basement is waterproofed, the characteristics of the building, operating conditions, climatic conditions and the required level of protection must always be considered.

The final decision can only be made by a qualified specialist who has thoroughly studied this issue.

Waterproofing concrete

Concrete waterproofing is a process that creates concrete surfaces such as slabs, walls, floors, etc. it becomes waterproof. There are various methods of waterproofing.

concrete

Concrete is a building material consisting of cement, water, many fillers, reinforcing components, chemical and mineral additives.

Sand and gravel are used as fillers, and metal-based equipment as well as glass and plastic fibers are used for reinforcement. Chemical additives make it possible to produce concrete with special properties.

Mineral additives are used to increase the strength of concrete. In addition, additives, which are usually the main component of concrete, can be used instead of Portland cement.

Waterproofing system.

There are two main waterproofing systems for concrete - a complete waterproofing system and a membrane based system.

A complex waterproofing device system includes two subtypes: hydrophilic and hydrophobic waterproofing device systems.

There are various methods of hydrophilic waterproofing, among which the most common is crystalline waterproofing device. This method is based on converting water into concrete into insoluble crystals.

The activity of many hydrophilic waterproofing materials is based on its properties when it comes into contact with water, absorbs it, expands it upon impact and thus fills the pores with concrete, making it waterproof.

Hydrophobic waterproofing systems are based on the use of various waterproofing coatings, membranes, etc., which are used from external insulated structures.

membranes

Waterproof membranes are liquid and sheet metal.

What is breakthrough waterproofing of concrete

Liquid membranes are applied to concrete and form a rubber coating 6 mm thick. The main advantages of this waterproofing method are high performance and low cost applications.

Sheet membranes are made of bitumen. These membranes are laminated with plastic wrap and the resulting leaves are adhered to the concrete. It is a very durable waterproofing material. Sheet membranes are used for waterproofing foundations, underground parking spaces, tunnels, etc.

The main disadvantage of sheet membranes is that they are glued by hand,
which leads to an increase in labor costs.

Hydrophobic concrete

Unlike hydrophobic membranes, "hydrophobic concrete" is a completely new and advanced technology.

It is not based on the waterproofing of pre-fabricated concrete structures, but on the production of waterproof concrete. Hydrophobic concrete is obtained by introducing special additives also at the stage of its production. These additives prevent capillary infiltration of water into concrete, making it waterproof. Such concrete is successfully used in Asia, Europe and Australia, which has proven itself well among builders, as it allows building construction even in the rain.

Crystalline waterproofing for concrete

Crystalline waterproofing device is one option for creating an integrated waterproofing system.

Let's see how this is done. First, the proportion of the concrete surface created by the sealant is wetted with water and then applied to the base coat, the mortar has a low density and then coated with a crystalline waterproofing material, which is a high density mortar.

After that, the process of chemical diffusion begins. High density crystalline waterproofing mortar penetrates concrete into low density mortar until balance is achieved. Once water enters the concrete, the cement begins to hydrate. Hydrated cement reacts with crystalline waterproofing material in concrete.

During the diffusion process, the crystalline waterproofing material penetrates the concrete to a depth of 30.5 cm. This waterproofing method is very effective as the crystals in the concrete are protected from any external damage.

Another advantage is the thermal resistance of the structure in an unchanged state up to 130 degrees. In addition, when the waterproofing device is installed, the resistance of the chemical structure to the reaction, such as carbonation, increases, which leads to a decrease in the absorption and destruction of the concrete; prevents the diffusion of chloride ions into the structure, which protects the reinforcement found in the concrete from corrosion and expansion.

Waterproofing concrete injection

In some cases, concrete injection technology is used to repair concrete structures.

This method is based on filling the formed cracks due to shrinkage with polyurethane or epoxy resins. She somewhat resorted to the introduction of concrete containing cement-containing injection materials. Pressurized waterproofing is recognized as the most efficient and fastest way to repair concrete structures from leaks.

With your help, you can stop serious water infiltration within minutes. The disadvantage of this technology is the high cost of materials used for waterproofing.

Before proceeding with the preparation of waterproofing concrete ...

There are a number of important factors to consider before proceeding with the waterproofing installation.

The concrete surface must be thoroughly cleaned. It is necessary to remove construction waste, etc., measure the rough surfaces and glue the sinks to the concrete, then turn off the dust. Make sure the waterproofing material can be used with the mortar that is used to seal the shell and does not cause a chemical reaction that could cause the concrete to collapse. Some of the materials used for waterproofing are flammable and precautions must be taken when handling them.

Penetrating waterproofing for concrete - features and methods of application

Analysis of penetrating waterproofing for concrete - reviews, pros and cons, price comparison

RetisPro CO universal synthetic penetrating fluid. Simultaneously lubricates, dissolves rust, cleans, protects against corrosion, displaces moisture.

RetisPro CO provides safe and effective separation / unscrewing of stuck surfaces, temporary preservation of products during their manufacture, lubrication of small and high-precision parts and interfaces, cleaning and lubrication of weapon elements.

It is safe for health.

RetisPro COmade from pure base ingredients; is not toxic or carcinogenic. It is safe for health.

Approved for use in the food and pharmaceutical industries.

RetisPro CO it is applied for:

• unscrewing stuck and rusty joints;
• temporary preservation of products during their production;
• lubrication of small and high-precision parts and interfaces;
• protecting the stainless steel surface from finger contamination and water drops;
• removing moisture after washing and cleaning parts;
• cleaning and lubricating weapon elements;

RetisPro CO can be applied by spray, brush or dipping.

Certificates

Product Registration Document

Penetrating waterproofing

Recently, quite often there have been cases when penetrating materials are used as the main waterproofing element, which WRONG.

Penetrating compounds can be used as one of the elements in the chain of systemic waterproofing materials, but not as the main one.

Penetrating waterproofing for concrete

These materials are easy to use, effective when a new structure is leaking (basement, underground garage, etc.), but consider them as a universal remedy for all cases - WRONG, especially since they also have limitations (large pores, old leached concrete, etc.).

When repairing an old base, when the external pores are oily or clogged, it is necessary to thoroughly clean the surface from plaster and degrease it by opening access to the capillary system.

Moreover, it will not be possible to do this with a simple iron brush - it must be cleaned thoroughly, preferably with sand or high pressure water. There are other significant points limiting the use of penetrating waterproofing.

The problem of waterproofing foundations in active contact with water, as well as in cases with limited access to the outside of the foundation, is that the use of traditional waterproofing materials does not always lead to effective protection against water and moisture.

To further enhance the waterproofing properties of a concrete structure (foundation), waterproofing is recommended to be made of materials of penetrating action from the inside of the protected structures (basements).

Penetrating waterproofing - cement-sand mixture using chemical additives.

The fundamental difference between penetrating compounds and all other materials is the formation of a waterproofing layer not on the surface of the foundation, but in its considerable thickness (the penetration depth of active chemical components can reach 10-12 cm).

Application

• waterproofing surfaces of concrete and reinforced concrete structures;
• waterproofing of foundations and basements in active contact with water;
• in combination with surface waterproofing of the foundation with a high level of groundwater.

Benefits

• increasing the water resistance of concrete structures (and ONLY! concrete);
• the formation of a waterproofing layer in the mass of concrete;
• the ability to process the external and internal surfaces of the structure, regardless of the direction of water pressure;
• applied to a damp surface, no need to dry concrete.

The main advantage of penetrating materials is the ability to protect the structure from the inside from moisture penetration from the outside.

Therefore, this type of waterproofing has found wide application in the reconstruction of basements and semi-basements, when external waterproofing is no longer possible.

LIMITATIONS

• used for waterproofing crack-resistant concrete structures;
• does not provide anti-capillary protection of brick walls (due to the lack of substances necessary for the reaction in the brick);
• not used for waterproofing walls made of porous materials (foam concrete, aerated concrete, etc.) due to the large pore size;
• it is not recommended to apply prefabricated to the foundation blocks (the joints between them are a problem place).

Penetrating waterproofing: pros, cons \u003e\u003e\u003e

The combination of penetrating waterproofing on stable substrates and flexible waterproofing on substrates subject to deformation can solve many waterproofing problems in the repair and reconstruction of underground structures.

Penetrating waterproofing mechanism

The waterproofing mixture is mixed with water and applied to a damp concrete surface.

The waterproofing effect is achieved by filling the capillary-porous structure of concrete with insoluble crystals.

The active chemical additives that make up the material, penetrating into the concrete, enter into a chemical reaction with the components of the concrete mixture, forming insoluble compounds (crystals), which create a continuous barrier that prevents water from entering.

The process of concrete compaction develops in depth upon contact with water molecules and stops in its absence.

Upon new contact with water, the reaction resumes.

The penetration depth of active chemical components into the concrete body can reach tens of centimeters. Micropores, capillaries and microcracks with a width (diameter) of up to 0.3-0.4 mm, filled with products of chemical reactions, increase the water resistance of concrete by 2-3 steps.

As a result, the penetrating waterproofing becomes part of concrete, thus forming compacted waterproof concrete.