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Suggestion is a direct influence on a person, because of which he performs acts, feels something that does not apply to his principles and moral standards. There are 2 types of suggestions: verbal and non-verbal.

Verbal suggestion

Verbal suggestion is divided into explicit, indirect and direct. The latter type is distinguished by the clarity of the manipulator's operations, when it is clear what the target is behind it. This variety is popular in medicine when it is required to turn off pain. Direct suggestion can be covert if it is not told what will happen, but it is hinted that the outcome is up to the individual.

Post-hypnotic suggestion is useful for self-hypnosis if you need to erase memories so that a person can forget negative moments. There is a programming of the subconscious, with it the patient performs actions.

Indirect suggestion is the ability to choose, when a person himself determines what he needs to be inspired. This variety is used to guide the patient on a path that he himself is not capable of. Indirect suggestion has the following subspecies:

consistent. There is a voice over of various formulations with which the person agrees. As a result, a statement is made, it must be accepted;
implication. The psychologist talks about the result of events, and the patient tunes in ahead of time to the event;
double ligament. A person is offered a choice of 2 options that are identical. There is a description of a serious situation where the main element is eliminated. This allows the patient to focus on him.

Explicit suggestion includes several subspecies. Each of them has something in common: the person is given a choice of actions. In the course of admission, it is allowed to use vague boundaries that a person is able to fill at will.

Non-verbal suggestion

Non-verbal suggestion is based. It is based on the subconscious, the influence occurs in the course of communication. The types of non-verbal communication are as follows:

catalepsy. The person is required to accept the position of the body that is reported to her. Catalepsy affects the whole body or some parts. It is not always recommended to use this method;
pause. A pause helps highlight key thoughts;
levitation. There is no direct influence, everything happens in the imagination. The moment for this is chosen by the patient. This method makes it easier to enter a trance. A popular way of self-hypnosis.

Suggestion and persuasion

Persuasion and suggestion are methods of influencing a person's actions.

Persuasion is one of the varieties of directional, which is produced through argumentation. Persuasion uses human consciousness, therefore it is worth putting forward arguments to explain the essence of phenomena. In the process, the reason and meaning of the question is explained.

Persuasion techniques include storytelling, argumentation, and demonstration. So persuasion is available not only with the use of words, but also with examples of behavior. There is a suggestion that is based on opposition, which makes a person want to try the inaccessible. Belief affects the behavior of a person, but not directly, because acts as an internal motivation, as well as a compulsion to activity through an appeal to the mind of the individual. The following elements affect the quality of persuasion:

prejudice. In this situation, the main work is carried out with the formulation of the problem and its solution, which the person already has. The manipulator needs to change the settings of the person being convinced;
belief in the source. It is important that the object trust you, authority;
message. It must be convincing. Not only the presentation of arguments is used, but also images that should focus on the necessary emphasis;

emotions. Despite the fact that belief appeals to reason, emotion cannot be ignored. Attitudes that excite a person are capable of having a more effective influence on him than facts.

The difference between belief and suggestion is that suggestion appeals to the subconscious; it bypasses consciousness. And belief affects the mind, while it is important to comprehend the data critically, correlate it with the existing experience, and build chains.

Methods of suggestion

Experts distinguish several methods of suggestion:

while a person is awake, when his consciousness is active;
during relaxation, when the psyche and muscles are not tense;
hypnosis. In this case, the person falls into an altered state.

There is another classification of methods of suggestion:

words. In this case, the influence is produced by speech, i.e. verbally;
mental. Here the influence comes without direct contact, at a distance;
metaphysical. This is a combination of a conversation about the reality of "I" and unity with the Universe with mental suggestion. A similar method is used to heal body and soul;
spiritual influence. It is used to improve personality. A person is influenced by the flow of healing power from the Universe. Overconsciousness is used in the course of healing.

In addition, there are 3 forms of suggestion:

compulsion;
persistent persuasion;
influence on will and emotions.

Hypnotic suggestion

Hypnotic suggestion is a type of influence that requires the use of an altered state, i.e. hypnosis. During the session, the client is put into a hypnotic sleep with the assistance of a psychologist. In such a state, a person vividly reacts to the words of the hypnotist. But there is no critical awareness of the situation, and the commands penetrate straight into the subconscious without being analyzed by the mind. They subsequently affect the health and psyche of the individual.

The methods of this type of persuasion are divided into:

mechanical. The personality is influenced by the use of monotonous means;
mental - verbal influence;
magnetic. Based on the use of healing magnetism.

Mental suggestion

Mental suggestion is applied if the object is not in the availability zone. Such an action is absent. It is produced as follows: it is required to imagine that the object of suggestion is nearby. You can imagine a person at a distance, but be aware that he is near. Now it is required to imagine that thoughts come from the hypnotist and penetrate into the brain of the suggested personality. In addition, the option is allowed if the hypnotist presents a conversation with the suggested.

One of the key conditions of this technique is the required state of the individual. Broadcasting thoughts from a distance does not require much energy. It is important to imagine that there is a transition of thoughts from the hypnotist to the object of suggestion.

Suggestion technique

The key suggestion technique contains the following steps:

establishing contact with the object and building trust at a subconscious level. This requires a system of non-verbal and verbal adjustment. Non-verbal is manifested in implicit imitation, and verbal is produced by agreement with the opinion of the object;

introduction into a light trance to reduce the activity of consciousness. This is done by fixing attention on an object from the outside, by manipulating objects. Next, you need to draw the object's attention to a certain part of his body, focus on sensations. It is now important to keep the subject focused on a particular emotion;
decreased activity of consciousness;

an unconscious search for parallels is launched at the subconscious level. This is done through the use of questions, metaphors;
direct suggestion. At this stage, the introduction of commands into the subconscious is used.

Neurophysiology explains the mechanism of suggestion as follows: by using speech, the hypnotist influences the cerebral cortex, which acts as a stimulus. Orders become, which arise from the stimulation of the subcortical areas in the brain. Negative induction, which occurs due to the low resistance of consciousness, is transmitted to the entire brain. For this reason, the command is limited from, and the person succumbs to suggestions.

March 29, 2014, 16:10

How to use your potential for success in life? Suggestion of thoughts to another - can you do it? You can master a super skill with this technique!

Everyone has superpowers!

Every person on earth has extrasensory abilities that sleep in him. Figuratively speaking, in many situations people achieve the goal, working day and night like a miner, pushing through the ground where you can simply and easily fly to the desired place.

It is the same in society: a person has the ability to do everything surprisingly efficiently, to achieve high results, to build grandiose projects, but instead he has to waste time on completely unnecessary resistance.

This is especially true for interpersonal relationships, when one person stops the whole thing because of a bad mood or laziness!

This article provides an effective technique using which you can inspire people with thoughts so that they can act in the way you want. In this case, the person will consider that the suggested thought is his own.

This will allow you to achieve incredible success in all areas: both in your personal life and in work moments.

Attention!

Before describing this technique, it must be said that it really does affect people!

A person who has taken on the right to act in this way, along with power, receives additional responsibility! Higher powers will carefully monitor how and for what you will use this ability.

Remember one thing: the law of karma² is inevitable, all thoughts and suggestions return back to the addressee. It is highly recommended that you use this technique for the benefit of yourself and others!

Suggestion to another person: the technique of influence!

Before practice, it is advisable to stay in hot water for a short time or take a contrast shower.

1. The practitioner lies on the floor: you can lay a special rug and make sure there are no drafts; you do not need to use a pillow.

3. Gradually it will immerse the person in. Feeling a light trance, he focuses on his breathing, feeling the inhalation and exhalation.

4. After a while, the practitioner will be in a deep trance. Feeling of the body may disappear - this is completely normal. Without being distracted, he imagines what is in a vacuum.

5. Having caught this moment, a person begins to breathe deeply, imagining how during inhalation the energy of a vacuum enters him; it flows through all the pores in the body. During exhalation, he imagines how all the negative leaves these pores, dissolving in a vacuum.

The practitioner continues to breathe like this until he feels overwhelmed with a sense of power. It usually occurs 10 minutes after this breath.

6. He stops abruptly, plunging into inner sensations. In this state, the practitioner chooses his goal: the person to whom the suggestion needs to be made.

7. Having clearly imagined a person's face, the practitioner looks into his eyes and mentally pronounces the text of the suggestion. After that, you need to imagine how this person begins to respond with his own voice.

For example:

- Olya, you love me very much and every day you understand this more and more!

- Yes, I love you and every day I understand it more and more!

8. The practitioner continues to suggest this until he has a strong belief that the job is done perfectly and that the target person wants to do as intended.

By influencing an object in your imagination, you influence it in reality: this is the law, and it must be remembered!

9. Having finished the work, the practitioner thanks the higher powers and the person to whom he made the suggestion, gradually comes out of the trance into his usual state.

The best time to practice is at night (when the subject is asleep). For successful suggestion of thoughts or feelings, perform this procedure regularly 1-2 times a day at the same time. You need to work patiently until the result appears.

Now you have a powerful instrument of influence in your hands! You have the opportunity to make your dreams and unrealized plans come true in love, affairs, business, etc.

You need to remember only about your responsibility: there is always a Mirror in front of you! As soon as you take responsibility, the Universe itself will go to meet you!

The author of this technique, describing his experience, used this technique to instill a feeling of love in a girl who had another young man. Believing unlimitedly in the power of the subconscious, he achieved the result in 2 weeks. After 3-4 weeks, this girl confessed her love to him!

Anton Andreev

Notes and feature articles for a deeper understanding of the material

¹ Extrasensory perception is a term used for many supposedly existing paranormal forms of perception or human abilities (

After all that we have said, we can compare the imagination with a stormy stream that irresistibly carries away the unfortunate person who has fallen into it, despite all his efforts to reach the saving shore. This stream seems to us indomitable. In fact, it is enough for us to study it and learn the laws that govern it: then we will be able to direct it in a different direction, we will be able to put a turbine on it and turn its power into motion, into heat, into electricity.

If this example does not satisfy you, we can compare imagination to a wild horse without a bridle and without a reason. What is left for the rider but not to surrender to the will of such a horse and race wherever he wants? Very often, of course, he can break his neck and end up in a ditch. But it is enough for the rider to put a bridle on his horse, and the roles immediately change. It is no longer the horse that carries the rider, but the rider guides the horse wherever he wants. Having understood for yourself the enormous power of our unconscious “I” or, what is the same, our imagination, you will now see from my words that this seemingly indomitable force lends itself just as easily to curbing like a stormy stream or a mad horse.

But for this, first of all, it is necessary to give a precise definition of two concepts, which are very often used without a sufficient understanding of their true meaning. These concepts are - suggestion and self-hypnosis.

What is, in essence, suggestion? We could define this concept as "the process of introducing a certain thought into the brain of another person." But is there such a process in reality? In essence, no. Suggestion does not exist as an independent process: its most necessary prerequisite, without which it is generally inconceivable, is that it should turn into a person susceptible to suggestion. self-hypnosis... The last concept we define as "the introduction of a certain thought by ourselves in ourselves." We can make a suggestion to a person, but if the unconscious "I" of this person does not accept the suggestion, if it, so to speak, does not "digest" it, thus turning it into self-hypnosis, then suggestion, as such, will not achieve the slightest result.

I have repeatedly had to instill the simplest and most ordinary thoughts in people, usually very easily amenable to suggestion, and all my efforts were fruitless. This is explained by the fact that the unconscious "I" in these cases refused to accept the suggestion and did not turn it into self-hypnosis.

The use of self-hypnosis

I have already pointed out that we can master and learn to control the imagination, the same as directing a stormy stream into a calm channel or taming a wild horse. For this it is necessary, firstly, to make sure that it is possible (in fact, almost no one knows this), and secondly, to find out how to do it in reality. This method is extremely simple. Without wishing or noticing it ourselves, completely unconsciously we apply it every day from our very birth. Unfortunately, however, we often use it incorrectly and at the same time to our own detriment. This way is nothing but self-hypnosis.

Instead of perceiving, as usual, unconscious self-hypnosis, it is necessary to apply conscious self-hypnosis. This is done as follows. First, you should carefully consider the object of the alleged self-hypnosis and only then, depending on certain arguments of reason, repeat several times, without thinking about anything outsider: “This will come true or, on the contrary, it will pass, whether it will be so or not .. . ", Etc. If our unconscious" I "perceives this suggestion, that is, turns it into self-suggestion, then the suggested idea will be realized with literal accuracy.

In this understanding self-hypnosis coincides with what I mean by hypnotismwhich I define in the simplest way as the influence of imagination on the mental and physical nature of a person.

This influence is undeniable. In order not to return to previous examples, I will give several others.

If you convince yourself that you can do anything by itself possible- then you will do it, no matter how difficult it is for you. If, on the contrary, you imaginethat you cannot do some of the simplest things, then you really will not be able to do it and the most insignificant hillock will seem to you an insurmountable mountain peak.

We observe this phenomenon in neurasthenics: considering themselves incapable of even the slightest effort, they really very often cannot walk ten steps without experiencing a sensation of intolerable fatigue.

Such neurasthenics, when trying to get out of their heavy and depressed state, plunge into it more and more - just like drowning people who, trying to save their lives and swim to the surface of the water, with each such effort sink deeper and deeper into bottom.

The situation is exactly the same with any pain sensation: it is enough for a person to imagine that the pain he is experiencing passes away, as he really feels that it gradually disappears; and, conversely, just the idea of \u200b\u200bpain is enough to actually feel it.

I know people who predict in advance that on such and such a day, under such and such conditions, they will have a headache. And indeed, on the appointed day, under the specified conditions, they have a migraine. They themselves caused this pain in themselves, while others have the ability - with the help conscious self-hypnosis - eliminate any painful sensations.

I am perfectly aware that one can easily pass the name of crazy when expressing thoughts that contradict the firmly established views. But all the same - even risking such a sentence, I nevertheless assert: very many people are sick physically or mentally only because they imagine your illness - it makes no difference, physical or mental. Many are completely unable to walk, while they do not have the slightest organic damage: their inability to walk is due solely to the fact that they imagineas if they have paralysis. It is these patients who most quickly achieve amazing success and complete healing.

There are many people who are happy or unhappy just because they present themselves happy or unhappy: of two people who are in completely equal conditions, one can feel immensely happy, the other is hopelessly unhappy.

Neurasthenia, stuttering, various phobias, kleptomania, some types of paralysis, etc. - are nothing more than the results of the influence of the unconscious "I" on our bodily and mental being.

But if the unconscious "I" is the source of many of our suffering, then it, on the other hand, can also contribute to our healing from physical and mental ailments. Moreover, it is able not only to eliminate the evil itself generated, but also to heal real, real diseases - so great is its power over our body.

Try to retire in your room, sit comfortably in an armchair, close your eyes so as not to be distracted by anything outsiders and think for a few seconds only about one thing: “This and that is passing,” or “So and so will come now. ".

If this really results in self-hypnosis - in other words, if your unconscious “I” assimilates the thought that you tried to implant in it, then you will immediately, to your surprise, make sure that this thought has really turned into reality. (An essential feature of thoughts perceived by self-hypnosis is that they live in us imperceptibly for ourselves and that we learn about their existence only on the basis of those external manifestations that they cause). In this case, it is necessary, however, to observe an extremely important and essential rule: the use of self-hypnosis should be performed without any participation of the will... For if the will is in conflict with the imagination, if you think: “I want this and that to happen,” while your imagination says: “No matter how much you want it, this will not happen. "- then as a result you will not only fail to achieve what you want, but you will get a completely opposite effect.

This rule is of decisive importance and explains to us why the treatment of mental illness achieves such insignificant results when its efforts are directed mainly towards reeducation will... The latter needs to be replaced education, development imaginations; it is due to this feature that my method achieves successful results also in cases in which other, very common methods of treatment fail.

Numerous observations that I have made every day for twenty years, and which I have always tried to study in the most careful way, have led me to the following conclusions, expressed by me in the form of laws:

1. In the conflict between will and imagination in all without exception cases the latter wins.

2. In the conflict between will and imagination, the power of imagination directly proportional to the square willpower.

3. If there is no disagreement between will and imagination and they are directed in one direction, then the resultant force is not the sum, but the product of both energies.

4. Imagination is available to influence and control.

(The expressions: "directly proportional to the square of willpower" and "product of both energies" should not be taken literally. They should only illustrate the expressed thought more clearly).

From my words one could deduce the conclusion that no one should be sick. In essence, it is so. Almost without exception illness can be eliminated with help self-hypnosis... This statement of mine sounds, however, very bold and not very plausible. But I'm not saying that all diseases always eliminated; I only claim that they may be removable. This, of course, is a big and essential difference.

In order, however, that people can apply conscious self-hypnosis, they need to be shown how to do it - just the same as teaching children to read and write, how to teach music, etc.

As I said above, self-hypnosis there is a tool inherent in us from birth. We play with it throughout our life, just like a child with a toy. Meanwhile, this tool is dangerous: with careless, unconscious use, it can seriously injure and even kill a person.

Conversely, for conscious when applied, it becomes a lifesaver About him, you can say the same thing that Aesop said about our ability to speak: "This is the best and at the same time the worst thing in the world."

In the future, I will try to show how each person can experience the beneficial effect of consciously applied self-hypnosis.

Saying "every person", I, in essence, exaggerate a little, because there are two categories of people in whom conscious self-hypnosis is achieved with great difficulty:

a) mentally retarded, unable to understand what they are told, and

b) people who do not want to understand.

The power of hypnosis - people talk about it a lot and many are afraid to fall under such psychological influence. Hypnosis is a certain technique of manipulation and suggestion. Not all personalities are susceptible to this influence: suggestibility depends on many factors.

Hypnosis is a specific technique of manipulation and suggestion

The technique of suggestion and hypnosis consists of a lengthy preparation: it is necessary to learn human psychology, to learn suggestion and verbal influence. Knowledge of the mechanism of influence on human consciousness will allow you to instill in him anything you want. This technique is useful for the treatment of diseases, phobias, bad habits.

Definition

The technique of hypnosis is a state of altered reality. A hypnotist who introduces a person into a trance carries out certain manipulations: he affects the psyche and makes the person disconnect from the outside world. To enter hypnosis, you need to take a certain position and perform sequential actions. These are not magical rituals, but a scientific approach.

Secret techniques of hypnosis are also used for therapeutic purposes, when the introduction of the patient into a state of trance is the only possible way to get rid of psychological problems.

In this state, the patient is defenseless - he is malleable and he can be instilled in any setting. Waking up after suggestion, he does not question new attitudes. Subconsciously, this attitude is not unnatural. Therefore, hypnosis helps to get rid of bad habits (quit drinking or smoking).

Hypnosis helps you quit smoking

Basic techniques

The technique of hypnosis, as it is also called "suggestion in reality", introduces a person into a state where all his senses are heightened. In trance, telepathic abilities are manifested. At this moment, the information immediately enters the subconscious, bypassing the consciousness with its doubts and logical rethinking.

There are three main ways of influencing the personality:

• hypnosis;
• suggestion;
• conviction.

Hypnosis is an effect during which motor skills are maintained and attention is concentrated. At its core, this influence allows you to disconnect from noise, distracting little things and minor events happening around.

The theory of hypnosis allows us to conditionally divide the methods of psychoregulation into heteroregulation (influence from another person) and autoregulation (self-regulation, a certain mood and suggestion without external influence). Each of these methods is divided into verbal and non-verbal. Each technique of hypnosis, if the whole theory of correct influence is observed, assumes a hardware, contact and non-contact method of influence. Hypnosis is a complex process that cannot be learned overnight.

Profession hypnotist

Anyone who is ready to take responsibility can master the technique of hypnosis. But there are also certain limitations. Not suitable for the role of a hypnotist:

• a doctor with bad habits (drinker, smoker);
• insincere personality;
• a person with a mental disorder.

The hypnotist is the vehicle. He must be unbiased and careful. Drinking alcohol or smoking distorts his own perception, so addiction must be abandoned. Psychotropic drugs should not be allowed to distort the hypnotist's mental clarity. Even a cup of coffee drunk before the session affects the excitability of the nervous system.

Only a responsible, healthy (physically and psychologically) person who knows the techniques of hypnosis, suggestion, verbal and tactile techniques can become a hypnotist.

Only a responsible, healthy (physically and psychologically) person can become a hypnotist.

Features of influence

There are people who are highly suggestible and those who do not lend themselves well to hypnosis. However, recent studies have shown that all people are susceptible to hypnosis - only someone needs a selection of individual methods of influence. Personality compliance, belief in the power of hypnosis play a significant, though not decisive role in how quickly a person enters a trance state.

Personalities are conventionally divided into 3 types:

• somnambulists - malleable, highly suggestible and receptive;
• persistent subjects - skeptics and strong personalities;
• people of the intermediate type.

With the right approach, everyone goes into a trance state. Suggestibility (the main criterion for selecting people for hypnotic influence) is the ability of a person to change his own behavior under the influence of other people's words. Suggestibility directly depends on the state of the nervous system, and not innate qualities.

The degree of suggestibility depends on a number of factors: age, gender, upbringing. Skeptics resist suggestion, their keen reactions attributed to beliefs that prevent hypnosis from accepting the possibility that hypnosis might work.

It is difficult to get people with mental illness into a trance state. they have a distorted perception of themselves and the world around them.

It's hard to get people with mental illness into trance

The principle of suggestion

The technique of suggestion is based on the perception of the personality, on its receptivity. Without them, the patient is difficult to hypnosis: internal resistance does not allow to completely immerse himself in a trance. A stimulus sent to the brain using hypnotic influence is not fully perceived if there is no subconscious mindset. Suggestion depends on the patient's response, on his mood and expectations.

The practice of modern hypnosis assumes specially created conditions that help to tune the suggested personality. It is important which method of suggestion is used. Verbal suggestion assumes only verbal beliefs. The non-verbal practice of hypnosis consists of tactile contacts and wordless influence on the hypnotized person.

Verbal

Verbal suggestion is the most common safe hypnosis technique. It operates at a considerable distance and does not require direct contact with the person.

This technique is divided into:

• straight line;
• indirect;
• open.

With the direct method, a person knows about the intentions of the hypnotist, the motives and messages are clear. Before the manipulation, the doctor explains to the patient what stages of hypnosis await him and how they will affect his behavior. An example of direct suggestion is surgery under hypnosis and without anesthesia.

The second technique assumes partial patient awareness. He knows that manipulations will be carried out with him, and that the overall outcome depends on his attitude. The suggested person does not know about the rest. The indirect method helps when the patient avoids treatment, when his psychological attitudes resist treatment. The patient is aware of the treatment, but does not know its ultimate goal.

The last technique is mobilizing suggestion (open). A person is given a blurry framework, the visibility of a choice. The visibility of your own control allows you to instill the necessary settings, but with his submission. The patient is sure that he made the decision on his own, without outside help.

Non-verbal

Non-verbal forms of suggestion include gestures, intonation, tone, sounds, tactile contact. For non-verbal methods, the influence is characterized by unconsciousness - a person can use the technique for his own purposes without clear meaning.

Common types of non-verbal suggestion:

• catalepsy;
• pause;
• levitation.

Catalepsy is a phenomenon in human behavior that manifests itself in copying the position of the body in another person.

Distinguish between catalepsy of the whole body or its individual parts. This method of non-verbal suggestion is rarely used. Usually for medical purposes when it is difficult to calm or immobilize a patient. Pauses, as a form of non-verbal suggestion, are used to reinforce a particular attitude.

The non-verbal method - levitation, involves self-hypnosis, when a person is guided by his own imagination. In such cases, the direct intervention of the hypnotist is not always necessary. Self-hypnosis helps a person experience a sense of lightness, get rid of heavy thoughts and worries.

Levitation is self-hypnosis, when a person is guided by his own imagination. Gives a long-awaited feeling of lightness

Process steps

A state of concentration and relaxation suggests a minor trance. This is a deepening, concentration of attention and a distraction from what only interferes. Self-hypnosis is based on the person's ability to enter a trance to relax. This is how meditations or practicing certain types of yoga are based.

Calm conditions are necessary to immerse a person into unconsciousness, it is best when sessions are conducted alone with a doctor. The hypnotist uses verbal and non-verbal suggestion to induce a trance without risking personal health.

A state of trance

The trance state is important for hypnosis. These are certain conditions in which a person can be. To get a good effect from hypnosis, you must:

• sit in a comfortable position - lying or sitting;
• calm down, tune in and concentrate on inner experiences;
• breathe calmly and measuredly. You need to concentrate on inhaling, and on exhaling, relax the whole body;
• after complete relaxation, the hypnotist begins the session - he strengthens the trance with a calm monotonous speech or any object that allows you to concentrate.

Trance is a special state of the hypnotized person. It reduces defense reactions and allows for increased attention. As soon as a person relaxes, he will be able to perceive information in a different way.

The patient should not worry about the negative aspects of trance, take the technique as harm to the person. A hypnotist, an experienced physician, is a guarantee that the trance state will benefit, and not harm.

Hypnotic state

The second stage of the session is hypnosis. Methods of influencing the psyche are combined into 2 large groups: impact on analyzers (using monotonous stimuli) and shock techniques. Fixation of an object is the easiest and safest method of putting a patient into hypnosis. The suggested personality is given the command to concentrate on an object that either rotates or moves cyclically. The distance to the eyes of the hypnotized person should be no more than 25 cm.

After the patient is fully concentrated on the subject, the hypnotist makes a series of necessary suggestions. A sense of relaxation, sleepiness and complete immersion in sleep is gradually inspired. Under the influence of verbal formulations, the personality is completely disconnected from the external environment. For people who resist, the 1-10 counting technique is used to signal the brain to shut down. Verbal suggestion is used when the patient is unable to concentrate on a physical object.

The radical methods include the Charcot technique: the patient is put into a trance while standing, and the doctor controls the position of his head (in parallel, verbal suggestion is used). After putting the patient into a trance, the doctor rocks him. During the final suggestion, the doctor makes a sharp clap. This technique is used for hypnosis of persons with mental disorders.

The power of the gaze

American tourists John Gelfreich and Otto Bouteshude traveled through the jungle of the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso. After spending the night on the banks of the Shingu River, in the morning they began to prepare breakfast. Buteshude went to fetch water. He did not appear for a long time, and Gelfreich went to look for a friend. He found him near the water. Otto walked slowly towards the dense bushes, his movements were like those of a robot, his head motionlessly directed towards the bushes. Following the direction of his gaze, Gelfreich saw the head of a snake sticking out of a bush. John's reaction was lightning fast: he shot the reptile with a pistol shot. Otto suddenly flinched and laughed nervously. Later he said: by the water he felt someone's eyes on him, but he does not remember what happened next.

I remember one picture the author saw in childhood: a boa constrictor is feeding at the zoo. A mouse was launched into the terrarium. The boa constrictor stared at her without blinking. The mouse was numb, and then slowly began to move directly into the jaws of the boa constrictor. At the same time, the hind legs pushed her forward, and the front paws rested. An unforgettable spectacle in its drama!

Both described cases show that about with a glance it is possible to subordinate both man and animal, to impose certain actions on them.

Gaze

In the business world, gaze finds practical application. The president of McDonald's fast food chain said: “Our restaurants in Moscow serve fifty thousand people every day. And we pay individual attention to each visitor. We say to him, looking into his eyes: "Come to us again."

The earlier story of Senator Robert Kennedy's greeted greeting suggests that politicians are also adept at use their eyes to inspire attraction to themselves.

Magical look

Around direct gaze a mystical halo has long been formed. It is even called "magic gaze". Naturally, there are educational recipes... Igor Vostokov tells about one of them in his book "Secrets of the Eastern Healers".

“Take the typewritten sheet and in the center of it draw in ink or black ink a circle about the size of a two-kopeck coin (1.5 cm).

Hang this sheet at a distance of 2-2.5 m from you and for 15 minutes, continuously and without blinking, look at this black circle (the circle must be shaded in black).

By doing this daily, you will develop a "magical look" in yourself. If a woman with such a look, for example, looks at a man with the aim of bewitching him to herself, then he will forever become her ”.

Another way is with a mirror. Relaxing your facial muscles slightly, look at your reflection. Direct your gaze to your eyes or the bridge of your nose. Avoiding frequent manias, look at the point for 20-25 seconds.

In everyday life, a gaze should not be abused, because people under it become nervous. Usually, during a conversation, it is customary to periodically look aside so as not to embarrass.

If you want to unbalance the interlocutor, select a vulnerable spot on his body or clothing (for example, crooked legs, bad teeth, dirty nails, unclean shoes, a stain, a fly, etc.) and stare there. The person you are talking to will immediately become nervous. Well, if, in addition, you portray a barely noticeable sarcastic smile and arrogantly tilt your head back, then only a very self-controlled person will be able to maintain composure. An absent-minded or directed look past the interlocutor's eyes (at the ear, forehead, chin, lips) will do the same, but in a more delicate and gentle manner.

Word suggestion

Words are the main tool of suggestion... Visual techniques are auxiliary, facilitating the achievement of the goal. The overwhelming power of the tongue is reflected in the Epistle of James (3: 5, 6, 8):

So the tongue is a small member, but it does a lot ...

Language is fire, embellishment of untruth ...

It is an unstoppable evil: it is filled with deadly poison.

It has been known since ancient times that the healing of the body and soul of a person rests on three foundations: knife, grass and word. The knife is used in surgery; the use of herbs led to the emergence of drugs; the word is the main “tool of labor” of the psychologist and psychotherapist. But not only them. A good doctor is one, one visit to whom already alleviates the patient's condition.

Elderly people complain that doctors now have no time to even properly listen to the patient. The greatest respect among this contingent is precisely the doctors who find the opportunity to patiently listen to complaints, encourage them, instill hope for improvement.

“The word kills” is quite rightly stated in the proverb. This is exactly what happened when a sorcerer cast a spell on a person, piercing his image with a sharp object, and by the appointed time the person really fell ill and died. Some mothers still believe that the "evil eye" can harm their child. In such cases, we are dealing with mechanisms of direct or indirect suggestion.

Direct suggestion

It is directly related to the speech of the influencing person. As an example of direct suggestion, let us recall the previously described case of a patient's death immediately after the death of the specialist who treated her, who “calmed” her with the words: “You will die after me”.

Indirect suggestion

With indirect suggestion, an intermediate action or stimulus is used to enhance its effect (for example, to pierce with a nail or burn the image of a person on whom a spell is imposed). Often, indirect suggestion is more effective than direct, since it does not act “head-on” and therefore does not cause internal resistance in the suggested person.

Let us illustrate the power of indirect suggestion with data from three experiments. In one of them, held in a psychiatric clinic in the United States, patients were divided into two groups: the first underwent psychotherapy for six months, the second was awaiting treatment at that time. When the results were compared, it turned out that the percentage of improvement was the same in both groups. The hope for a cure was equal to the treatment itself.

In another experience, instead of drugs, patients with neurosis were given sugar pills (completely useless in terms of treatment), assured that they "will help in the same way as other drugs." A group of fourteen people took sugar pills three times a day for a week, after which thirteen patients improved in all criteria ...

This effect is commonly known in medicine as the “placebo effect” (ie, dummies).

In the third experiment, two groups of students with psychological problems were formed. One was staffed by professional psychologists and psychiatrists, and the other by college teachers who were popular with students. These teachers had to say whatever came to mind in the process of work, in order to “help”. Such sessions were held 2-3 times a week for three months. The percentage of improvement was the same in both groups.

Suggestibility

It is purely individual for each person. You can determine the level of suggestibility using special tests, they are called "tests". These tests are necessarily carried out by hypnotists, selecting for themselves the appropriate "material" for the session.

But before giving a description of these samples, let us give some information about suggestibility as such. When suggesting, they turn mainly to the feelings of the listener and rely on uncritical perception of information. Therefore, children are the most suggestible. Since women, as a rule, are much more emotional than men, it is they who are more amenable to suggestion.

Poorly educated people, as well as those who are accustomed to doing what their boss tells them to do, are easier to suggest.

In general, activities related to the implementation of orders and requirements (soldiers, athletes, party officials) develops suggestibility.

Fatigue and stress also increase it.

Alcoholics and drug addicts are even more suggestible. An easily suggestible crowd. She has "many heads, but few brains."

The larger the audience of listeners, the more weak-willed and suggestible it is. It is difficult to say to the first: "And the king is naked!" And since everyone is silent, the illusion is created that everyone is “for”. The ideologists of totalitarian political systems used this phenomenon to imitate “support” for their decisions. And so it turned out: each separately - “against”, and all together - “for”.

"Fight fire with fire"

One poorly educated woman suggested to herself that a real toad had settled in her stomach: as if, having drunk water from a pond, she swallowed her embryo, which grew and now does not allow the poor woman to breathe.

No arguments could convince her of the absurdity of these statements. And she went to a well-known doctor, who practiced in private, with a request to "drive out" the toad: he, having talked to her, understood what was the matter, and did not argue, but appointed the next day "operation to extract" the cursed creature. He told the woman to eat more all this time. He himself asked the neighboring boys to catch a toad for him for a decent reward. Soon the caught creature was languishing in the bank.

The “operation” consisted in the fact that the doctor gave the patient the strongest emetic and sat her over the large pelvis. The long, exhausting vomiting dulled the sufferer's vigilance, and a toad was imperceptibly placed in the pelvis.

Seeing her, the patient rejoiced: “Here! I told you! Doctor, you saved me. I'm so relieved now! ”

Suggestion mechanism

With suggestion, the effect on a person is built in such a way that first a strong excitement is caused in a limited area of \u200b\u200bthe brain with simultaneous inhibition in the rest of it, and then a purposeful discharge is performed, which fixes the suggested thought in consciousness.

Suggestibility tests

Reception of Braid. The subject focuses his gaze on a shiny object presented to him (a metal ball, the tip of a medical hammer, etc.), fixed opposite and slightly above his bridge of the nose (for stronger tension of the eye muscles). After a long concentration of attention, fatigue of the visual analyzer and sleep may occur.

Couet and Baudouin's techniques.

The first experience: a standing person is asked to keep straight, so that his heels are his main support; you can also ask to throw your head back. This is a position of unstable balance in which any push will lead to a fall. At the same time, it is calmly but firmly suggested: “You are falling back, you are being pulled back, you are already falling, falling ...” Most people really fall, so the hypnotist must stand behind the person in order to catch him in time. To enhance the action of the test with the palm located opposite the forehead, you can slightly nudge the patient or, by touching the back of the head with the palm, gradually move the hand back, which also causes imbalance of the body. If the test has worked, then the person begins to experience much greater "respect" and trust in relation to the hypnotist, which will subsequently have a positive effect on the results of the session itself.

The second experiment: the subject is placed in front of the hypnotist; the center of gravity of the body this time is shifted to the socks. Both look at each other, in the eyes (experienced specialists look at the bridge of the nose to reduce eye strain). Then the person conducting the test stretches his palms forward so as to reach the ward's temples, and says: "You are already falling, falling ..." When performing this technique, you can touch the subject's temples (fingers should be cold).

Carrying out such techniques requires compliance with some rules that ensure the physical safety of the subject: he must be without glasses; you need to remove nearby objects with sharp corners; the hypnotist must have sufficient strength to hold the person in the event of a fall.

Third experiment: the subject is given a thread with a heavy object at the end, asked to close his eyes and persistently think about the circle. Very soon the pendulum begins to describe circular movements. If the patient is told to think about the oval, then the pendulum begins to rotate along an oval trajectory. So the “device” by which “negative energy” is determined has its predecessor, but in a completely different area of \u200b\u200bapplication.

"Healing" accessories

Belief in the healing properties of magnetic (and other) bracelets, plates, earrings, amulets, talismans is widespread. Remember “Keep me, my talisman”?

The Viennese physician F. Mesmer achieved impressive results in the 18th century. At first, he was convinced that the magnet helped to heal various ailments, and achieved excellent results by applying a horseshoe magnet on the patient's diseased organ. Subsequently, Mesmer magnetized various objects with which the patients later came into contact. He "charged" the water in which the patients bathed, the dishes they used, the beds in which they slept. “Magnetic energy” was collected even in special accumulators, from which the suffering ones later “drew” it during health procedures.

Subsequently F. Mesmer came to the conclusion that there was no healing force in the magnet - “fluid”. Honestly admitting his misconceptions, he focused on researching "nerve currents" in the human body, which can be amplified through suggestion.

The doctor repented of his past delusions, which cannot be said about many modern "magicians" who continue to allegedly "charge" creams, ointments, newspapers, magazines and mislead millions of people (this issue will be discussed in more detail later). It seems that there is an outward resemblance to some psychotherapeutic procedures (remember the “placebo effect”), however, the mass character, lack of spirituality and pronounced commercial undertones of all these procedures do not allow us to treat the authors with respect.

Traditional healers

Believing in something better really makes that best happen. Experienced healers are characterized by skillful observance and subtle use of these psychological laws. Well-composed popular conspiracies for various diseases have much in common with the suggestions adopted in modern psychotherapy. They begin, as a rule, with the patient's psychological attunement to the “reception” of the impact, then the main part follows - the actual suggestion with the requirement to “drive the disease out” from the human body. The use of various imaginative representations in this part of the conspiracy (“I drive the disease of such and such into a rotten swamp, into loose sands ...”) allows you to more fully involve various systems of perception (visual, kinesthetic, etc.), strengthen and consolidate the suggestion. In the final part, phrases can be pronounced with the aim of prolonging the action of the conspiracy in the future, thereby contributing to the deployment of healing processes in the patient's body.

Religious beliefs

The positive impact that faith in God has on people is based on similar principles. Believers see in the image of God an inexhaustible source of love and goodness and, as it were, draw energy from this well. In fact, energy is replenished by each of its own reserves. Simply by believing in God, it is easier to obtain “access keys”, since God, in the minds of believers, is an ideal, omnipotent and “energetically inexhaustible” creature (in contrast to religious ideas about man as a being often sinful and weak).

This is the ingenious find of the founding fathers of the beliefs about God (Christ, Mohammed, Buddha) - to create an opportunity to draw from their own source, thinking that they are taking from the divine. How not to remember here: God is within us.

Another find - the suggestion about the insignificance of man - allows the holy fathers to lead the flock on behalf of God.

Natural and situational suggestibility

We have seen that suggestibility is an individual trait and varies widely. It is given to everyone by nature, upbringing, education, life experience. For the sake of brevity, let's call it natural suggestibility.

Suggestibility is not constant. It is influenced by the environment and the momentary state of the person.
It is known that in a crowd a person is more suggestible. It's the same with stress. Panic (that is, hypertrophied feelings of fear) often flares up in the crowd: firstly, due to the effect of mental infection, and secondly, under the influence of stress, which often occurs due to insignificant danger. Under the pressure of group opinion, participants are more likely to agree with the judgment they are being told.

Thus, it is possible to create an environment in which suggestibility as a reaction to a situation (that is, situational suggestibility) will increase dramatically.

Suggestion (and any other control action) largely depends on "Background support", that is, from the psychological state of the interlocutors and the surrounding background. In this regard, a number of background conditions can be distinguished.

Relaxation

The simplest and most reliable background for a conversation is muscle relaxation (relaxation). Its essence lies in the fact that during relaxation, the human cerebral cortex is, to a certain extent, freed from side influences and is prepared for speech perception. This happens best when the interviewees are in a comfortable environment and sit in a relaxed position facing each other (on the couch, at the coffee table). This is facilitated by soft and dim light, comfortable furniture, the absence of strong sounds and the availability of sufficient time. The poses of the interlocutors should be natural. A special case of relaxation is the trance state of the recipient of the impact.

A tense wait

A figure bent over the table, bent legs, a wandering gaze, wrinkles on the forehead and vertical folds on the bridge of the nose indicate tense state. Emotional tension also heightens the perception of the speaker's ideas. Moreover, of course, the methods of suggestion for these two states will be different.

The American film director A. Hitchcock was an outstanding master of creating tense expectations in the audience. He proceeded from the rule: it is not the shot itself that is terrible, but the expectation of it. In the "horror films" directed by this master, there are very few crimes (compared to the current action films), but the director kept the audience in a state of tense expectation for so long that it shocked them more than the bloody murders.

"Explosion"

In psychology, this technique is known as instant personality restructuring under the influence of strong emotional experiences. The phenomenon of "explosion" is described in detail in fiction (re-education of Jean Valjean, the hero of V. Hugo's novel "Les Miserables"). The scientific substantiation of the “explosion” methodology was given by the outstanding teacher AS Makarenko.

The use of "explosion" requires the creation of a special environment in which feelings would arise that can amaze a person with their unexpectedness and unusualness. In such a situation, a collision of nervous processes occurs in a person. An unexpected stimulus (sight, information, etc.) confuses him. This leads to a radical change in views on events, individuals and even the world as a whole. For example, information about the infidelity of one of the spouses in “prosperous” families can lead the other to the brink of disaster. In families where infidelity is regarded as a prank, this does not happen.

The master of vocational school tells. There was a student in his group who, with his antics, wore out the souls of the teachers.

Especially, of course, the master got it - from the administration, and from fellow teachers, and from the parents of the injured students.

There was no justice for this fool. And then one day, after some particularly vile trick, the master found him in the boiler room. The blood rushed to his head, his rage was so great that, losing all self-control, the master grabbed the teenager and dragged him to the firebox, shouting: “That's it, bastard, say goodbye to life. I have no more strength! I will go to court, but I will save everyone from such a reptile !! ”

The teenager turned white, covered with cold sweat and began to cry: “Don't! Do not! I won't anymore! Sorry! A-ah-ah! "

Throwing him to the ground, the master ran out.

Since then, the teenager was replaced, he no longer repaired dirty tricks.

"Scene"

Unlike a spontaneous explosion, a scene can be produced on purpose. André Maurois argued: "The best scenes are created deliberately and with great art." As an example, let us cite one history of the times of the Napoleonic campaigns. Lionet, one of the marshals of Napoleon's army, had a certain “weirdness”. Being a very even and self-possessed person, he sometimes lost his composure in front of subordinates, tore off the cocked hat from his head, threw it on the ground and trampled in rage.

These outbursts of anger always happened at moments when it was necessary to move subordinates to a difficult decision.

And only the orderly noticed this pattern - every time the day before the marshal said to him: "Jacques, bring my old cocked hat." The Marshal was a commoner and could not trample on an expensive headdress. No wonder they say: "The best impromptu is the one that is well prepared."

These plots demonstrate the effectiveness of persuasive actions that combine the techniques of "suspense" and "explosion".

Identification

If the interlocutor does not show any obvious signs of relaxation or tension, then mutual understanding with him can be achieved against the background identification, that is, on the idea of \u200b\u200bmutual experience of some circumstances.

It is known that people who have a certain commonality with each other are more likely to like each other. Thus, a doctor with a doctor, a businessman with a businessman, an engineer with an engineer, etc. find common points of contact faster. And if they also have some common destiny, then the achievement of attraction will accelerate even more. For most people, a brother in misfortune (the same illness, common grief, etc.) becomes closer. The deafening success of Anatoly Kashpirovsky's television sessions, one of its reasons, had the identification of those wishing to get rid of their illnesses with those lucky ones who were already lucky: “If they are, then why not me”?

A. M. Kashpirovsky's TV sessions

The name of Anatoly Mikhailovich Kashpirovsky in the recent past was on the lips of many. And almost everyone watched it on TV.

The success of this talented psychotherapist, which caused controversy in medical circles, was the result of the combination of several factors.

The main role was played by his chosen method of influencing the audience, very similar to the one that in psychotherapy is named after two scientists - Kretschmer and Erickson. The technology of the method lies in the absence of “direct” pressure on the participants in the session. The psychotherapist “knits a grid of words” and only periodically inserts a phrase, the content of which is direct suggestion. Against the background of “indifferent” stimuli, such a phrase acts with special force, since the listeners get the impression of being involved with the psychotherapist in the treatment process. Here is an illustrative example of one of the variants of hypnotic influence using this method (in the text, sentences that represent direct suggestion are highlighted in bold).

“You can do what you want: sit or move, you can listen to me or not, you can keep your eyes closed or open. Sit comfortably in a chair and relax. You can think about something pleasant, remember pleasant events from your life. You can ignore me at all. The treatment has already begun. You can sleep; if you don't want, don't sleep but your eyelids are heavy. The reserve capacity of your body is endless. It is not the physician's power that acts, but your own capabilities. You are now relaxed, your breathing is even, your heart beats evenly and calmly. I do not impose anything on you, I do not inspire anything. You yourself will choose from my words everything that you need. But the environment no longer bothers you; it receded into the background, dissolved. You can distract yourself from my words for a while, imagine yourself on the seashore. The sun is pleasantly warming you, your body is warm and heavy. You don't have to sleep, but it feels so good. You so want to relax and sleep. "

This method, suitable external data and competent construction of the session helped many viewers to activate the internal reserves of the body, which we have already discussed. First of all, easily suggested and emotional people could do this. Most of the "healings" are theirs.

During TV sessions, high cure rates for various diseases were reported. Although in relation to the total number of possible TV viewers, this percentage is small, but the figure strengthened faith in Anatoly Mikhailovich. Firstly, he confidently stood in front of television cameras, while managing to preserve the external accessories of the hypnotist: the appropriate look, posture, gestures, timbre of voice, intonation. Secondly, the overwhelming majority of the population did not know anything about the work of psychotherapists at all, therefore, many television sessions were perceived as a “magical action”, which undoubtedly enhanced their effect. Thirdly, the perception of the audience was indirectly influenced by the unusual behavior of some people in the hall. As the cameramen showed, some turned their heads, others waved their hands, and others slowly, as if dancing, moved around the hall. Such actions of easily inspired spectators, due to their boundless faith in the possibilities of A. Kashpirovsky, caused the so-called induction among those present, infecting them with the same feelings.

A. Chumak's sessions

In the light of the above, the effects that A. Chumak achieved by “charging” water, cream, ointments, newspapers and magazines are easily explainable. Of course, it was not the objects that were “charged”, the minds of the viewers were “charged”. Those who had heightened suggestibility and fervently believed in A. Chumak received positive changes in their health state, since “charged” objects brought a pronounced “placebo effect”.

Those who had a very negative attitude to the “recharging” procedure (or to A. Chumak himself) received evidence of the harm of such sessions through self-hypnosis. In both cases, the mechanism of influence was the same and was within the people themselves, and their fierce disputes only created a good advertisement for A. Chumak.

Psychics

The influx of sorcerers, magicians and psychics that followed the speeches of A. Kashpirovsky was in fact a perversion of the foundations of scientific psychology and psychotherapy, since it was based on the elementary illiteracy of people and their habit of creating another idol.

Minsk psychologist Leonid Levit gives the following advice to overly gullible people: “When meeting with another psychic, ask him a specific question (for example, what tooth do you have a crown on or what did you hurt in childhood) and carefully observe the reaction of the interlocutor. Much will become clear to you in the first seconds. If you are ashamed of the situation of exposing such a “healer” more than he is, then at least do not trust him with your personality and your health - the most precious thing you have ”.

About the dangers and benefits of swearing

From time to time we have to meet with statements that plants “feel” when they are going to “do something bad”, “understand” words that portend danger for them.

Does a word have similar physical strength? Linguists from the Moscow Research Institute of Linguistics, together with biologists, finally decided to answer this question and conducted an experiment on plants. The curse was subjected to Arabidopsis, which plays the role of an experimental mouse in botany. The evil fury was replaced by a wave generator, which increased the emotional intensity of ordinary words to the stage of white heat. It turned out that in terms of the strength of the impact, swearing was compared to powerful radiation: DNA strands were broken, chromosomes disintegrated and genes were messed up. Most of the seeds died, and those that survived mutated. The most interesting thing is that the result did not depend on the sound volume at all. I immediately remembered the sorcerers who whisper their conspiracies.

The conviction has long lived among the people: an envious, evil person can do harm with a bad word. For such people, they even wrote a proverb: “Pip your tongue!”.

If swearing has such a force that is caught even by plants deprived of consciousness, then the question arises: what role do swearing have on human health?

It is clear that they harm the one they attack. It is no coincidence that we react painfully to the abuse addressed to us. And for the health of the swearing themselves?

Not so long ago, linguists found an “ideal” society - these are the Himalayan Sherpas: fights, murder, violence, swearing are prohibited in them. However, as it turned out, this seemingly prosperous people are the most uncomfortable in the world. Sherpas resemble a bomb ready to detonate. Once a year, they are allowed to cross the boundaries of what is permitted in the language in competitions in rhetoric, and this turns into many days of bloody fights.

It turns out that swear words are a valve through which the body gets rid of destructive energy.

We need obscene and swear words, like milk to a growing body. If it weren't for profanity, our energy would have burned us from the inside. The Research Institute of Linguistics advised: if you want to swear, then it is better not to restrain yourself, but to bury yourself in a corner or a fence, so as not to spray harmful waves, and swear hard. And for offenders, you need to keep ready the formula: "I wish you that too." Harmless to others, but in fact - "tit for tat". But we must remember that curses also have a feedback: the one who pronounces them brings troubles on his own head.

Coding

It is nothing more than a kind of directive suggestion, command. If a person does not want to stop drinking, and his will resists the will of the doctor, then there will be no effect from coding. This procedure helps first of all those people who really decided to "quit". In order to increase the level of suggestibility of patients before and during coding, various frightening "rituals" can be used. (Recall that in a state of nervous stress, a person's criticality to incoming information decreases and, accordingly, suggestibility increases.)

So, one inventive psychotherapist put two hefty guys dressed in white coats at the door of the office in which the coding was taking place. The “security” drilled through the eyes of every visitor entering the office, creating a stressful state in him. At the end of the coding, the physician “for therapeutic purposes” irrigated the patient's mouth with a bubble-forming solution. When such a person with “foam at the mouth” left the office, it made a strong impression on those who were still waiting for their turn. Needless to say, the effect of the coding was very great!

In developed countries, such prescriptive techniques in psychology and psychotherapy are now fading into the background, giving way to group psychotherapy and NLP (neurolinguistic programming; read about it below). The reason is that in democracies, human freedom is one of the core values. In our country, whole generations have been brought up so that they are ready (and even willing) to obey orders.

Computer suggestion

In 1998, Japan was rocked by a scandal over the showing of cartoons for children. The alternation of bright red flashes led to the fact that children lost their appetite, became withdrawn, irritable, some even ended up in the hospital with a diagnosis of “nervous exhaustion”. This cartoon was made on a computer.

"Fascinating" programs on computers appeared in the late 1980s, when the first color monitors went on sale. One of the most popular programs of the time was written in the United States, called “Dazzle,” and was installed on tens of thousands of computers. It is doubtful whether its creators pursued any malicious goals. It was a beautiful screensaver that could decorate the interior while the computer was not working. Colored stripes ran across the screen, forming intricate patterns that never repeated. However, the specialists in psychophysical influence "Dazzle" quickly improved it, ordering the change of pictures, choosing for them the necessary color scale and special music. The program began to hypnotize the viewer, to put him into a trance.

“A friend gave me a floppy disk with this program, he only warned me not to turn it on at full capacity,” said Igor Serov, one of those who study the “side” effects of new computer programs. - I remember well my condition when I sat down in a chair in front of the monitor and clicked on the "mouse". At first I didn't seem to notice anything, and then it seemed to me that a funnel appeared in the middle of the screen, the walls in the room began to bend, the floor swayed, and there was a wild pain in my eyes. I found the strength with the toe of my boot to reach the “Power” button and turn off the current.

Such programs achieve the desired result by combining video and audio effects, causing resonance at the alpha frequency of the brain. These screensavers are called psionic. However, there is still no evidence that such programs caused more than a temporary health disorder.

How do psionic programs get into the computer? You can buy it at a tray that sells "left", that is, pirated, discs. Now there are a lot of programs offering to turn them on and relax, relax, “know yourself”. What is actually recorded on them and what effect may be when these programs are launched is unknown. But most likely such programs can get on your computer along with a virus. And it is this technology of destructive software transmission that will develop at a fantastic pace in the near future.

“I haven’t come across viruses that affect the psyche of those who sit at the computer,” said Kirill Zhuchkov, manager of Kaspersky Lab. - Recently, however, in the new generation of viruses, there is a tendency not to destroy your programs, but to take control of what you do on the computer. For example, one of the most widespread viruses over the last month, Back Orifice, removes passwords, addresses, technical parameters from your machine without your knowledge. And then those who sent the virus to you get full access to your computer and are able to immediately track what commands you execute, what texts you type.

Quite naturally, following the desire to control your computer, secret programmers may want to control yourself. The development of technology provides for this truly unlimited possibilities. Already in the first years of the new millennium, computers should appear, which in terms of data processing speed and intelligence are not inferior to humans. Further, the increase in such abilities will go exponentially.

Great prospects are opening up for zombifying those who work on a computer, especially one connected to the Internet.

D identification and disclosure of crimes

One of the first Russian criminologists to use hypnosis to solve crimes was the famous detective Nikolai Petrovich Arkharov, who headed the Moscow police at the end of the 18th century. As contemporaries recalled, “It was enough for Arkharov to look into the eyes of a person convicted of a crime, so that he himself admitted his guilt or swore innocence”. In a calm conversation, Arkharov even managed to get the prisoner Emelyan Pugachev to talk, who until now was silent in the dungeons of the secret political police.

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the metropolitan police often consulted the famous Russian psychiatrist Vladimir Mikhailovich Bekhterev. Using hypnosis and other techniques, Bekhterev gave conclusions about the sanity and character of the most dangerous murderers, rapists, swindlers and other criminals. Bekhterev collaborated with the "authorities" under Soviet rule.

One of the best students of Bekhterev and part-time employee of the Special Department at the OGPU, engaged in secret developments in the field of secret sciences, was Alexander Vasilyevich Barchenko. In the 1920s, he made several secret trips to Siberia and Altai to get acquainted with the psychic abilities of shamans and Buddhist monks. Bit by bit, Barchenko also collected the secret knowledge of the Russian sects of eunuchs, runners, whips, and others who widely practiced hypnosis. For the OGPU, he developed methods of psychological influence on those arrested, which were then used to prepare trials against “enemies of the people” - with their public repentance. In 1937, Barchenko was arrested and shot along with the chief of the Special Department Gleb Bokiy. And his archive was confiscated by the special services and, according to information leaked to the press, was used for practical purposes until the 1990s.

Hypnosis crimes

There are many legends about hypnotist criminals. But few people know that all these stories are not just stories. Several years ago, the leadership of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation created a subdivision at its research institute, which one would like to call "the department for combating hypnotism." It includes several major hypnotist specialists who help operatives to solve crimes related to the use of suggestion. Professor, Colonel of the Medical Service, Doctor of Medical Sciences Leonid Grimak, works in this department as the chief scientific officer. And based on the materials of the criminal cases, he wrote the book "Hypnosis and Crime".

- Leonid Pavlovich, where did the idea of \u200b\u200bcreating your department come from?

- In the early 90s, many psychics appeared who claimed that they could find missing people, cars, solve murders. The Ministry of Internal Affairs instructed us to deal with them in order to understand whether it is possible to work with them seriously. And we gradually noticed amazing things. For example, in February 1993, one of the psychics (by the way, a senior police sergeant) managed to solve 16 crimes in a row. He came to the Yekaterinburg SIZO, and people under investigation began to be summoned to him. He looked at everyone and almost immediately began to describe in detail the circumstances of the crime. These were mainly burglaries - and he described in detail the situation and the interior of the robbed houses. These cases are documented, there is even filming. But when, three months later, we brought the psychic to Moscow to involve him in solving more complicated crimes, he could no longer do anything. Apparently, from time to time he fell into some kind of borderline state. It was no longer possible to repeat the success, moreover, he went crazy ... Then a couple of times we came across similar phenomena, but it turned out to be impossible to put the process of solving crimes with the help of psychics on stream, and the Ministry of Internal Affairs stopped working with them.

- Have you encountered criminal psychics?

- We have encountered crimes committed with the help of hypnosis, but not only psychics used it. They were school teachers, pop hypnotists, doctors. Moreover, most often they committed rape. For example, several years ago, not without our help, it was possible to successfully complete the criminal case of a district doctor who practiced in one city in Central Russia. He hypnotized two schoolgirls who came to see him. He instilled in them complete obedience, ordered to appear at the clinic. And raped them on every visit. Now he is serving time.

In our production, there were several cases when hypnotists-entertainers fished out especially suggestible girls from the hall where they performed and then simply sculpted from them, like their clay, whatever they wanted. Everything was revealed when one of the girls suddenly became pregnant. In general, it is very difficult to prove such a crime, since the victim does not remember anything. For example, there is a known case when one boy, who accidentally noticed his hypnotic ability, for several years put into a trance and seduced his cousin. And everything was revealed by chance: someone caught him doing this.

Therefore, when the television orgy of Kashpirovsky was taking place in our country, I was very afraid that schoolchildren would massively use hypnosis to seduce their classmates.

Fortunately, this did not happen. Although, perhaps, some cases are simply unknown to us.

- Didn't they rob banks with the help of hypnosis?

- Not in my memory, although such cases are described in special literature. The criminals put the cashier into a trance, he himself gave them money, and then he could not remember anything. We have seen other crimes, for example, how some camp urk uses hypnosis to subdue inmates.

- How do criminals know hypnosis?

“They do not use scientific hypnosis, but the so-called“ folk ”hypnosis, which has long been used in magic, divination. When some old village woman “removes spoilage” from a neighbor, she tries to neutralize one hypnotic suggestion to another. Thieves in law operate by similar methods. But they give other guidelines - for complete submission. By the way, I've noticed that modern political image makers use similar techniques.

- Can a hypnotist completely establish power over another person?

- Usually, even in a deep trance, a person will not follow the hypnotist's suggestion if it goes against his moral principles. But there are groups of people who are ready to succumb to any foreign influence - criminals, homeless people, drug addicts.

- There is an opinion that neurolinguistic programming (NLP), a newfangled psychotechnology, allows you to do something similar with a person.

- This is a very serious technique, I use it to treat patients. A competent NLP master can put a person into hypnosis in any situation.

- Have you already met with crimes committed using NLP?

- I think no one can solve such crimes yet. They won't even be noticed. So I meet with you, greet you, and while shaking hands, squeezing it in a special way, I put you into a trance. Then I clean out your pockets. Then I give the command to you to forget all this and to wake up. And you only remember that you greeted someone, went on and suddenly found that the wallet had disappeared ...

- Do investigators use hypnosis to force a criminal to confess?

- From the point of view of the Criminal Code, it is illegal. However, there is an order from the Minister of the Interior, who are allowed to use hypnosis when questioning witnesses or victims. Very often the victims forget the marks of the offender, and we help them remember them. The accused can also fall under hypnosis, but only at a personal request. And the testimony made under hypnosis has no legal force.

- Is it possible with the help of hypnosis to turn a criminal into a normal person?

- I think that a person commits crimes in a state of self-hypnosis. It is reliably known that it was with the help of hypnosis that primitive people were controlled. There is an element of hypnosis in any mass action - remember Hitler's marches or parades on Red Square. There are more hypnotic programs in human society than is commonly thought.

- Have you practiced hypnosis yourself?

- I started my medical career with this. Before working in the Ministry of Internal Affairs, I used hypnosis to conduct research with cosmonauts and test pilots.

- I heard that you treated Shchelokov, the former head of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.

- He had neuritis of the brachial nerve, I relieved his pain by suggestion. And here's another look at this portrait - it was my most important patient.

- Kozhedub ?!
- For fifteen years I have been treating - a severe disease of cerebral vessels. Until the end of his life, from time to time conducted hypnotherapy sessions with him.

Hypnosis and memory

In 1993, like a thunderbolt, America was shaken by the case of a certain Meryl A. An unhappy old maid who spent her young years courting her beloved father, suddenly went to court with a demand to find him guilty of violence against her while she was a child, and pay a multimillion-dollar lawsuit ... A few days earlier, she was hypnotized at a psychiatric center and helped to bring out her childhood memories. And Meryl remembered how in the summer, in the clearing near the old garage, her father had committed lecherous acts with her.

- Do you really have a villa in that place? - asked Mr. A. in the courtroom.

- It was until Meryl was 4 years old.

- And there is a garage in the clearing?

- Perhaps, yes, there was.

The court found the father guilty.

An avalanche of such lawsuits swept not only America, but also the countries of Western Europe. “Modern psychoanalysts can raise the deepest layers of memory,” the newspapers wrote. And as a result, claims against parents from children offended in childhood began to snowball. The courts already had enough confirmation from doctors to initiate criminal cases on the claims of those who had gone through hypnosis. Tens of thousands of psychoanalysts made their careers on the resurrection of memories. Sobering up came only after a book called "Victims of Memory" was published, in which the accused father wrote: "I was found guilty of something that never happened. I have never hurt my daughters. ” It also collected hundreds of stories about slandered parents ... Society immediately asked the question: how could this have happened?

Canadian neurosurgeon Walter Penfield was the first to notice that if during an operation a scalpel touches certain areas in the temporal part of the brain, patients suddenly begin to remember the smallest details of old events. As soon as the scalpel was removed, the visions ceased from the same moment. “We don’t forget anything at all!” - this sensation in the late 80s blew up the scientific community.

The first was the case of a 62-year-old man. The former bricklayer remembered that as a boy, while helping to restore a church in one town, he laid the sixth brick with a crack in the fifth row. A meticulous psychiatrist went to this church and was convinced that this brick is still split in two today. The next sensational message was that a certain Sibylla N., under hypnosis, remembered: her father, when she was a child, had killed an unknown woman in front of her eyes. The police brigade that drove to the indicated place found a buried corpse under the apple tree. Sibylla's father was convicted.

“Sometimes children manage to instruct the brain to forget information,” says Konstantin Anokhin, head of the joint Russian-British laboratory of neurobiology of memory. - This can happen when the opposite concepts of “father” and “rapist” or “father” and “murderer” do not fit into the children's idea. This defense mechanism takes information into the subconscious so that the child can become a normal person. But the opposite process can also occur: the brain, as a result of an unknown malfunction, issues pseudo-memories.

... The idea of \u200b\u200bthe experiment, the results of which once again turned all ideas about memory, was born on the day when all of America was in shock from the Challenger disaster. A group of American psychologists asked students at one university to describe in detail the moment they heard about the disaster. 4 years later, the same group was given the task to repeat their memories. And it turned out that each of the students confidently described ... a completely different situation.