The principle of constructing a multi-gable roof frame. Multi-gable roof: how to make a reliable structure. Positive and negative properties

The most bizarre roof structures today can be seen not only on buildings of historical museums, estates or medieval castles. They are increasingly found in private homes and cottages. Real estate developers are ready to offer their clients services for the construction of complex but beautiful structures. Despite the high cost, the demand for them only grows every year, because their beauty and presentability are indicators of the high social status of the owner.

What it is?

The roof of the house is a multifunctional element. It performs technical, operational and aesthetic tasks at the same time. The success of its use depends on the high-quality elaboration of all elements, and the unique appearance can make the structure especially attractive.

A traditional gable roof that has two gables is called a two-gable roof. If the project provides for the presence of several elements consisting of paired gables or tongs, then it is called multi-tongued. Such a structure is considered the most difficult due to the presence of a large number of different architectural elements. It is they who make the roof the most attractive and original, capable of giving even the most ordinary building the image of a medieval castle.

Multi-gable roofs for frame house you can create it yourself if you follow all the recommendations. Such designs have both their pros and cons, so you need to carefully weigh your choice. Before you should be a diagram of work and a design drawing, as well as examples of finished roofs.

In what cases is it preferable to create roof slabs of this type?

The need to build a complex object can arise in a number of cases:

• when the roof must be made in the same architectural style as the building being built;
• if additional extensions were made to the main building;
• in the case when a building of a simple rectangular or square shape is complemented by several pediments;
• if the project provides for the arrangement of recessed balconies or windows on the roof, including dormers;
• if necessary, create side lighting of the attic;
• in multi-room buildings of a large area with a complex multi-level layout.

Advantages and disadvantages

This type of roof emphasizes the beauty of the architectural style in which the building is built.

A number of advantages distinguish it from other types of roofing structures:

• it has a more original and attractive look;
• it is reliable and durable;
• after its construction, it becomes possible to equip an additional room or storage room in the space of the formed attic;
• the complexity of the design implies the formation of a large number of peculiar stiffeners at the intersection of numerous planes - they help to significantly strengthen the overlap;
• a balanced rafter system allows you to withstand increased loads, especially in winter;
• snow does not linger on steep slopes.

Its disadvantages include the following:

• the high cost of building such an object due to the large volume of materials used and the rather high price for them;
• a significant amount of waste arising from the cutting of coatings (this is especially true for metal tiles).
• a complex device requires a competent calculation and a professional approach to installation;
• high-quality waterproofing is needed, especially at the internal joints;
• increased load on the valley, especially in winter due to the abundance of precipitation.

Structural features

It is a pitched structure with surfaces inclined towards the outer walls. This ensures a natural runoff of melt and rainwater.

Such a roof consists of many structural elements. Let's consider them.

Stingray

The roof section is located in one plane. The more complex the design, the more slopes it has.

Gable or pediment

Represents the upper section of the wall, bounded by the slopes. A slight difference between the tongs and the pediments is the absence of a cornice in their lower part.

Endova or groove

Structural elements in the form of internal corners formed by joints. From the side of the ends of the valley, they are limited by pediments or tongs. During operation, this part of the structure takes on the greatest amount of atmospheric precipitation. This is where rainwater and snow accumulate.

During construction work, it is she who needs to be given special attention in order to avoid problems associated with the appearance of leaks in the future.

Rib or ridge

A horizontal line that connects two slope planes.

Eaves overhang

Overhanging roof section with a width of 30 cm to 50 cm, the main function of which is to protect against precipitation and ensure effective drainage of water after rain or snow melt.

Gutter

Structural element, which diverts water from the roof surface into horizontal downpipes.

Contiguity

The area where the slopes are connected to the vertical surface of the structure.

The angle of inclination of the roof is determined during the design process, depending on several factors:

• peculiarities of climatic conditions;
• supplies;
• architectural features of the building.

In special cases, it can be up to 90 degrees.

The simplest version of a multi-gable roof is two gable structures connected at right angles. If you look at such a structure from above, then it will have the shape of a cross. Most often, when developing a project, designers propose to apply a similar gable shape on several separate parts of the building at once with their further combining into a single structure. This approach allows you to create original structures that give the entire structure an attractive appearance.

The device and installation of the rafter frame

The rafter system of a multi-gable roof has a rather complex structure. A combination of inclined and hanging supports is often found in it. Therefore, you should be extremely careful about the accuracy of calculations of their cross section, as well as the installation of the necessary stiffeners.

Its main elements are:

• mauerlat;
• rafters;
• beams.

Mauerlat performs the critical task of distributing the load from the roof to the walls of the building. For its production, a bar with a length of 1000 mm to 1500 mm with a section of 100x150mm or 150x150mm is used. Mauerlat must be firmly attached to a special reinforced belt, which is being built during the construction of the wall box. This is done so that the efforts from the rafters cannot push the walls apart. Only after the Mauerlat is securely fastened, the installation of the rafter legs begins.

Depending on the availability of additional supports, inclined or hanging rafters are installed. For their manufacture, exactly the same beam is used as for the Mauerlat. A ridge is also made of it, which serves as a connecting element of the upper parts of the rafters.

In some cases, it becomes necessary to install additional intermediate runs in the form of horizontal beams between the supporting structure and the batten. They reduce the load from the coating, evenly distributing it in the rafter system, and also add rigidity to the crate.

Brief step-by-step instructions for construction

Installation of a multi-gable structure must be carried out in strict accordance with the project documentation.

All work is carried out in stages.

• Climatic data are collected that are specific to the region of the facility under construction. This information is taken into account when carrying out technical calculations and project development.
• Object design and calculation. It is better to entrust a careful preliminary calculation of all the components of the roof to experienced specialists. In addition, it is necessary to determine in advance the types and volumes of materials that will be used in construction.
• Mauerlat is laid along the perimeter of the building.
• Vertical support posts are installed and horizontal beams are installed - girders that form a ridge.

• Installation of the main and additional supports of the planes forming the transitions.
• Racks and rafters are reinforced with rafter legs or struts. They help to evenly distribute the load, and also prevent structures from sagging.
• The elements are connected using metal fasteners - plates, brackets, threaded rods or anchors. To strengthen the connection of the boards, wooden bosses are used.
• On top (along the rafters), the crate is laid in the form of horizontal slats.

The choice of lathing depends on the type of roofing. If a soft roof is to be used, a continuous deck is preferable. When using rigid materials or products made of profiled metal, the crate is made sparse.

Waterproofing and protecting attics from heat loss

Rolled waterproofing is laid in overlapping strips and perpendicular to the direction of the roof slope. An overlap must be made with a width of at least 15 cm. The joints of the strips are glued together using a special adhesive tape or construction tape. Particular attention is paid to valleys, as they take on the largest amount of rain or melt water, therefore they are the most vulnerable place.

If the installation of the waterproofing layer was performed in violation of the technology or low-quality materials were used, this can lead to the accumulation of moisture in the under-roof area, as a result of which the thermal insulation deteriorates significantly, and the decay of the wooden parts of the roof is possible.

It should be noted that traditional waterproofing products in the form of roofing felt or glassine can no longer provide a long service life and strength. They do not fully comply with modern standards of environmental friendliness and safety. Therefore, membrane materials are becoming more widespread. In addition to their main function, they are able to significantly reduce heat loss by increasing the thickness of the insulation to the full height of the rafters.

The construction of a multi-gable roof implies the formation of an attic space, spacious enough for the equipment in it living or utility rooms. Therefore, the roof must be well insulated and insulated from excess moisture entering it. Mineral wool insulation is ideal for this. They prevent the formation of "cold zones" in which condensation can form. Among the features, it is worth noting a particularly soft structure, which makes it possible to use this material in hard-to-reach areas.

In this article we will talk about what a multi-gable roof is. A multi-gable roof over a square house has a large number of valleys, ribs, gables, gables. The gable is the upper part of the building wall, which is bounded by two roof slopes and is not separated by a cornice at the bottom. When the upper part of the wall is separated from the lower one by a cornice, then this is already a pediment. The gable roof consists of two planes that rest on the walls and are bounded by gables or tongs at the ends.

What is a multi-gable roof

Multi-gable roofs are arranged on houses that have a complex layout, with side lighting of attics, covering extensions, gables above the entrances.

When installing such a roof, such elements as valleys should be present. You also need to know that a building with such a roof must have a ventilated attic that will be completely isolated from all warm rooms.

Multi-gable roofs require a large consumption of roofing materials, and after its construction, a lot of material waste remains.

A multi-gable roof is typical for buildings with a complex plan

This type, as, is formed due to the installation of several slopes. This is a rather complex construction, the main drawback of which is the complexity of implementation.

When constructing this roof, the intersections of the slopes form internal corners (valleys). A large amount of water flows down them and therefore close attention should be paid to waterproofing such corners.

In addition, a large amount of snow can accumulate in the valleys, and this significantly increases the load on the roof. The main advantage of the multi-gable roof is its expressive appearance, as well as the overlap of several rooms with a single-level roof.

Gable roof

The gable roof is the heaviest roof in the construction of roofs, since the structure contains many valleys, grooves, ribs. It is mainly used in structures with a polygonal building design, difficult architecture.

It is often used in the construction of private houses. The spire has an artistic character, and such elements are installed on domed roofs and towers.

These roofs do not carry any useful meaning, but they do significant work in creating the architectural style of construction. In individual construction, a gable roof is a complex of several forms, sometimes so intricate that it is even difficult to recognize them.

Today, two-level coverings and semi-hip roofs are popular.

Your attention! The most simple construction is the intersection of two pitched roofs at an angle of 90º.

The rafter system of a multi-gable roof consists of rafters, Mauerlat, purlins (beams). An element such as the Mauerlat redistributes the loads from the roof to the walls of the house through the rafter legs and thus connects to the walls.

It is made of wood bars 150x100 mm and 150x150 mm. And also for this, pieces of timber are used, having a length of 1.5 meters. Rafters for such a roof are assembled from dry pine boards, which have a cross section of 150x50 mm.

There are hanging and layered rafters - it depends on the presence or absence of additional supports, as well as on the design of the multi-gable roof. Both types of rafters can be used in the roof structure at the same time.

In places where gable roofs are articulated, mowing or diagonal rafter legs are installed, on which the rafter (shortened rafter legs) will rest. Due to the fact that a very large load acts on the diagonal rafters, they must be strengthened - they must be rallied into two boards.

In the upper part, the rafters are connected with a ridge run made of boards or timber joined together. If necessary, additional intermediate runs are installed.

Advice! After installing the rafter system, lay the waterproofing film in strips perpendicular to the direction of the slope, with an overlap of at least 15 cm, and also with the obligatory gluing of the joints using connecting tapes. Close attention should be paid to the places where the valleys are located, as large flows of water will flow through them.

Bars of counter-lattice are sewn along the rafters after laying the waterproofing layer. Basically, to perform such work, bars are used with a section of 50x50 mm or boards of 32x100 mm. The battens should be carried out in accordance with the instructions for the selected roof covering.

Multi-gable roof construction

Gable roofs

Many private home owners want to know how to make a multi-gable roof.

This type of roof is a rather complex structure, and with such a structure, several fragments of the building can represent gable variations, which are then combined into a single complex, creating an amazing impression.

The construction of a four-gable roof with your own hands consists of the following stages:

• it is necessary to remove the correct dimensions of the house;
• calculate the cross-section and length of the rafters;
• correctly position the stops, skates, valleys;
• then the Mauerlat should be installed, which should run along the perimeter of the wall and serve as a reliable "foundation" of the roof;
• then it is necessary to install the rafters, which are fixed to the Mauerlat with saws or nails;
• then the lathing, waterproofing, the roofing itself, as well as steam and thermal insulation are installed.

The structure of the multi-gable roof is a pitched roof with sloped roof surfaces towards the outer walls and at the same time provides a natural drain of melt and rainwater.

The choice of slope directly depends on the climatic conditions of the region, roofing material and architectural requirements. In some areas, the angle of inclination is 90º.

Basic roof elements

Four-gable roof scheme

The structural diagram of a four-gable roof consists of the following elements:

1. inclined planes - slopes;
2. rafters;
3. lathing;
4. mauerlat;
5. horizontal and inclined ribs;
6. skate;
7. ends;
8. grooves;
9. overhangs;
10. gutters.

The device of a multi-gable roof is a rather laborious process, since additional diagonal rafters should be installed at the intersection of the slopes when erecting such a structure.

In this case, such elements are formed as grooves, which are also called "snow bags". And when installing a roof, special attention should be paid to these elements, since with a poor-quality installation, the roof will necessarily flow in these places.

Roof shapes

With a complex roof, it is necessary to arrange valleys, which are the smallest reliable place for the roof, since snow accumulates in these places and the load on the rafter system increases.

The four-gable roof is a four-sided ramp structure. It is also called hip or hip, and the slopes are called hips.

These structures do not require the installation of gable walls, but the rafter system is more complex than the gable. Sometimes such a roof is made in the form of a half-hip, and at the same time, the side slopes, as it were, cut off part of the spitz.

Therefore, half-hips have a shorter slope length than the main slopes.

They can be located in the form of a triangle, at the very top of the roof, and form a gable in the form of a trapezoid, or a trapezoidal anise - then a triangular gable is formed at the top, which lies outside the plane of the wall.

This design is used for buildings that have a polygonal or square plan. A roof with such slopes in the form of isosceles triangles converges with vertices at one point.

Among different types the most beautiful and at the same time difficult to implement roofs is a multi-gable structure. She came to our country from Europe, where people have long cherished a love for square houses and buildings with many corners. A sophisticated rafter system of a multi-gable roof is erected on structures with a complex layout, and is also excellent solution for the organization of additional lighting in the attics.

Advantages and disadvantages

Those developers who prefer minimalism and practicality are unlikely to appreciate the complex broken lines of such an expensive roof, especially since its main function is similar to more modest single-level samples. Aesthetes and connoisseurs of sophistication, for whom decorative characteristics are no less important than functional ones, on the contrary, use every opportunity to arrange such an architectural composition in their home.

Erection of a multi-gable roof is an expensive and time-consuming process

Despite the fact that a simpler construction of a roofing system can be done with no less success, it would be a mistake to believe that a roof with many gables has only one advantage - a beautiful design, this is not entirely true. Apart from the outstanding decorative features, such a construction has a number of positive aspects, namely:

• Long operational period, achieved by balance rafter system, thanks to which the roof is able to withstand an impressive load.
• The possibility of planning additional space inside the house due to the attic or attic room, where you can equip a gym, billiard room or greenhouse.
• Practicality, expressed in the natural removal of precipitation. Due to the presence of inclined surfaces (sometimes their slope reaches 90 degrees), snow and rainwater, as well as fallen leaves, branches and other debris, do not linger on the surface of the roof and are independently removed from it.

It is better to involve a team of professional roofers for construction.

If we talk about the shortcomings of the object in question, then they are rather arbitrary, because for wealthy homeowners, these disadvantages will not be significant. As you can imagine, we are talking about the high cost of the project, high costs for materials and high wages of the construction team due to the complexity of the work. It was not for nothing that we mentioned the need to involve highly professional specialists in the construction of a multicomponent roof, because building it with your own hands without appropriate qualifications is difficult and very risky. If you are confident in your abilities and possess all the practical skills in this area, you can safely start implementing your plans.

The main elements of the external structure

So, all the pros and cons are weighed, confidence in your intellectual and physical capabilities is present, which means that you are ready to perform a complex process with your own hands. Most simple option structures with many forceps are considered to be the union into a single whole of a pair of gable structures intersecting at right angles in the form of a cross (in the upper projection).

Now let's move on to the terms denoting individual sections of the roof:

• forceps, in the language of professionals - nothing more than the tops of a wall without a cornice (as opposed to a pediment), which form the basis for two roof slopes;
• endova - the place where two planes join, forming an inner corner;
• edge - the outer corner, formed at the junction of two slopes. Carpenters call the horizontal top ridge a ridge.

Please note that valleys are given special attention, as they must cope with the high load caused by the accumulation of precipitation. Even the slightest miscalculations in this area are fraught with leaks and, as a result, premature destruction of the roof.

Rafter system

The rafter system at a multi-gable roof is assembled from many mandatory elements that are installed in a strictly defined verified order, and this is its main difficulty.

The system is based on:

The slightest violation of construction technology, as a rule, turns into serious troubles, the elimination of which, if possible, inevitably entails a significant waste of time and financial costs. We immediately draw the attention of people who have decided to master the construction stages with their own hands to the fact that this complex structure may require a combination of hanging and inclined rafters.

In practice, for the manufacture of rafters, dried and treated with fire retardants and antiseptics beams of the same section as that of the Mauerlat (150 x150 mm or 100 x150 mm) are used, which, in turn, evenly distributes the load from the roof to the walls of the house. The upper parts of the rafters are connected with a ridge run. It is very important to maintain the optimum moisture content of the wood (maximum 20%).

Stages of the construction process

To install a multi-gabled roof with your own hands, you will need a work plan, which is strongly not recommended to deviate from. Now let's go directly to the construction stages:

1. The first step is to take the dimensions of the house.
2. Next, the cross-section of the rafters is determined and a scheme (project) for the installation of all roof elements is developed.

Drawing of the rafter system of a multi-gable roof

• Now you can start laying the Mauerlat, which is fixed on the reinforced belt, and installing the rafter legs. If the installation of a half-hip or hip roof is planned, it is necessary to install diagonal rafters reinforced with rafters.
• Metal brackets, plates or corners are used as fasteners for installing rafter legs on the Mauerlat. You can also fix these elements by means of technological cuts.

For the installation of rafters, metal brackets, plates, corners are used

• If the house has a large area, it will most likely require the installation of ceiling beams (longitudinal or transverse), which serve as puffs.
• The upper part of the rafters is attached to the ridge, then the vapor barrier material, the lathing and counter-lathing (ventilation system) are laid.

Before installing the roof, a ventilation system is installed

• The final stage of work is the installation of roofing material (metal, bitumen, ceramic tiles, etc.).

By mounting such complex roof do it yourself, do not forget that the attic space will require additional insulation, otherwise it cannot be used as a living space... Mineral fiber (basalt or glass wool) is best suited for such purposes. If you neglect this rule, you can face the accumulation of condensation in the under-roof area, which will lead to rotting of the wood from which the roof structure is assembled.

Multi-gable roof: rafter system device

The construction of the rafter system of the multi-gable roof type. Layout and joining of rafters, fastening, nodes, parts, diagrams for erecting by hand.

We study the rafter system of a multi-gable roof

Among all the variety of roofing structures, a multi-gable roof is the most complex, labor-intensive and economically unprofitable. However, these shortcomings are more than compensated for by the unique appearance with many tongs, pediments and gutters.

The construction of this structure necessarily implies a long and careful design process, during which a multi-gable roof and its rafter system are built, the dimensions of all structural elements are calculated. Let's consider this process in more detail.

Advantages and disadvantages

A multi-gable roof is one of the most controversial roofing structures, since its pros and cons balance each other and the final decision in favor of building such a roof is usually made based on the personal aesthetic preferences of the owner of the house.

Let's consider the main advantages of a multi-gable roof:

• Traditionally, such a roof was erected on square houses in such a way as to avoid eaves. But the use of this roof is possible and even necessary in the case when the shape of the house is complex due to the many rooms attached to it. She can completely transform the appearance of such a far from ideal building;
• The rafter system of a multi-gable roof is characterized by increased strength and stability, of course, if a competent calculation and installation of the structure is made;
• The construction of such a roof makes it possible to use the room under the roof for a residential attic and, thanks to the possibility of displaying various windows on different sides, provide excellent daylight.

Let's move on to the design flaws:

• This type of roof cannot boast of efficiency. The device of the rafter system is complex and involves a large amount of wood waste and materials from the roofing cake;
• Due to the large number of slope abutments, such a roof is at risk for leaks.

Design and types

It is based on an element such as a gable - this is a triangular part of the wall, which, unlike the pediment, is not separated by a cornice. That is, a simple form of a multi-gable roof is to connect two gable roofs at right angles over a square building. When viewed from above, such a structure will have a cruciform appearance.

Depending on the structure itself, its shape, size and the desire to create living rooms under the roof, the structure may differ significantly from the classic form described above. A set of roofing elements will remain in common. Among them, special attention should be paid to two:

• Endova, which represents the inner angle between two ramps. Endova should be especially qualitatively insulated and fortified, as it accumulates the greatest amount of snow and debris, and also the maximum amount of water flows down it during rains.
• The edges of the roof represent the outer corners of the ramp joint, for example the ridge and the junction point of several ramps at the top of the roof.

Calculation of the rafter system

The rafter system of a complex multi-gable roof and its scheme should ideally be performed by professionals, since this implies a rather complex calculation and installation with many pitfalls. But if you have the initial experience in the construction of roofs and you are not planning a too elaborate roof, then it is quite possible to make a drawing of such a roof on your own.

It is impossible to give an exact algorithm for calculating a multi-gable roof, since the type of construction itself implies large differences in the rafter system, depending on the appearance of the roof. Here are the main points that are important to pay attention to when designing:

• It is necessary to complete the layout of the desired roof, displaying the exact dimensions of the building. At this stage, it is necessary to determine such interrelated parameters as the slope of the slopes and the height of the roof. The angle of inclination of the slopes of such a roof is usually steep. Otherwise, it will be problematic to use the under-roof space to create a living room;
• The rafter system should be built on the basis of a number of data, including the snow load of the region and the weight of the roofing. Multi-gable structures give a large amount of waste, therefore we recommend taking a closer look at soft tiles;
• The type of rafter system depends on the availability of support inside the building. It is important to carefully calculate the location and load on all supporting elements, such as tightening, stops, purlins, etc., so as not to miscalculate with their dimensions;
• Depending on the roof configuration, different types rafters: regular or diagonal (for hip structures).

General view of the rafter system and roofing pie

The rafters and roofing pie of a multi-gable roof basically repeat the main points of these structures for other types of roofs. Therefore, we will focus on the important points that must be taken into account at the stage of roof planning:

• Mauerlat is subject to heavy loads and it is advisable for it to choose a bar with a section of 150 * 150 mm. It is more convenient to fasten it on anchors embedded in the walls even in the process of their construction;
• The rafters can be attached to the Mauerlat in three main ways: gash, staples or corners. In the upper part, the rafters are connected with a ridge bar;
• Reinforcing elements for rafters in different multi-gable roof solutions will be different elements. In the case of a base in the form of a hip roof, diagonal rafters will be mounted, which are necessarily made in doubles and strengthened by rafters. Strengthening trusses is possible with struts or crossbars. In a large building, it is convenient to use ceiling beams for tightening roof trusses;
• Installation of the valley requires special attention. In these places, a continuous crate is made and two layers of waterproofing are laid. The valley strip is mounted on the waterproofing layer. If the element requires docking, then the installation is done from the bottom up so that the upper bar overlaps the lower one and water cannot flow under it;
• The lathing device and insulation of this roof in general terms repeats these steps for any other roof.

Let's sum up

A multi-gable roof is a technically complex structure, for the competent construction of which accurate calculation and knowledge of the nuances of installation are especially important.

Such roofs look great both on square or rectangular buildings, allowing them to acquire a more interesting appearance, and on houses with complex shapes, when it is the only possible option for arranging the roof.

It is important to remember that any complication of the roof structure does not in the best way affect the cost and strength of the roof. Any element of the roof should, first of all, be of practical use, and not be erected for the sake of taste.

Multi-gable roof: rafter system - diagrams and drawings

The advantages and disadvantages of a multi-gable roof are considered, the main points are given in the calculation and construction of a rafter system of this design.

We make a gable roof with our own hands

Private houses are decorated with roofs of various shapes. Among them there are gabled ones. They are a structure that rests on two walls of the same height. These roofs have two slopes. The end part resembles a triangle in shape. If the walls are made of wood, then such a triangle is called tongs, and if made of brick - pediments. You can make a gable roof with your own hands.

Calculation of the gable roof

Gable roofs have two slopes... There are no restrictions on the choice of roofing materials.

When installing such a roof, as a rule, material waste is minimal. This is due to the fact that the shape of the slopes is rectangular. By the way, the slopes can have different lengths and slope angles.

Such a roof is characterized by the use of a warm attic, which is used as an additional room. Roof insulation can lead to additional material costs and complicate work.

The optimal angle for a slope is determined in the range of 20-45 degrees and depends on the construction area... If the terrain is snowy, it is better to increase the slope to avoid the formation of snow accumulations.

Panel roof: start of construction

The device of such a roof begins with laying out the end parts - tongs. This is not an easy task, because they must be completely the same.

To calculate the length of the slope, they use the Pythagorean theorem, familiar to everyone from school... So, if we imagine that the slope is the hypotenuse of the calculated triangle, then one of the legs will be the height from the beginning of the slope to the ridge along the plane of the wall, and the second - half the length of the facade wall.

If the house has a simple shape in plan, then you can use the use of a gable roof, but if the shape of the structure is complex, then an option appears using a gable roof. It is more difficult to build them, because they have many valleys.

Gable roof device

When constructing such a roof, two types of rafters are used - layered and hanging.

Slabs are a structure that has a support beam in the middle, which transfers the load from the ridge to the Mauerlat, laid on the load-bearing walls. This beam is mounted in the middle of the outer walls.

Hanging rafters are used in cases where the distance between the walls is less than 10 meters or there is no load-bearing wall in the middle of the house.

They are supported on the side walls. But this creates a bursting effect. It gives additional stress to the walls. To avoid this, the design of the hanging rafters provides for the connection of the rafters with ties in such a way that a triangle appears. Floor beams can be used to perform this function.

Tightens can be mounted from above and below. In this case, the upper ones must be installed in such a way that the distance from the ridge is more than 50 centimeters.

Types of roof truss systems

• mauerlat. For him, wooden bars with a section of 15x10 or 15x15 centimeters are suitable;
• rafters. For them, pine boards with a section of 15x5 centimeters are chosen.
• sprains;
• counter-lattice. It is laid after a layer of waterproofing. For her, choose bars with a cross section of 5x5 centimeters or boards of 3x10 centimeters;
• the lathing is selected under the roofing. It can be made of edged or unedged boards, plywood, OSB boards.

Stages of work

1. Depending on the design of the house, we choose suitable system rafters.
2. If the rafter system is hanging, then the rafter legs are assembled in advance. And after the assembly is completed, the resulting triangles of the rafters are mounted on the two extreme structures of the rafter system. Next, proceed to the installation of adjacent rafters.
3. We lay the Mauerlat (support bar) on the load-bearing walls, provided that the house is made of blocks or bricks, if the building is built of beams or logs, then the upper bar can be used as a Mauerlat.
4. The Mauerlat is attached to the brick walls on pre-walled metal rods with threads. They should be installed in one and a half meter increments. This will make the structure more solid and stable. Moreover, the diameter of such rods must be at least 10 mm.
5. Before installing the Mauerlat, a layer of waterproofing is laid on the brick walls (roofing material can be used for this purpose). It is attached to bolts with washers.
6. If the walls are made of foam concrete or ceramics, then before installing the Mauerlat, their surface is poured with reinforced concrete 20-30 centimeters high.
7. Mauerlats are installed parallel to each other to avoid unevenness during the installation of the rafter system.
8. Before installing the rafters, it is necessary to mark the Mauerlat using a pencil and a ruler.
9. The rafters are made in accordance with the length of the slope, which can be determined by the Pythagorean theorem, relying on the tongs already built.
10. When calculating the length of the rafters, it is necessary to take into account the presence of an overhang, therefore, another 50 centimeters are added to the calculated value.

The length of the overhang depends on personal preference for the appearance of the roof, but it is not recommended to make it less than 50 centimeters, otherwise it will not perform its functions - protecting the walls of the house.

Leaning the diagonal rafter leg on the Mauerlat

1. The lower end of the rafter should have a hole that will create a perfect attachment to the Mauerlat. This cut should be 1/3 the width of the rafter.

In order not to be mistaken with the location of the cutouts, you can prepare a small drawing where you mark all the necessary values.

1. With a hanging rafter system, they are attached to each other on metal plates or bolts.
2. They are fixed with jibs, dismantled after the end of work.
3. Next, the fillies are attached, which will form the overhang of the roof.
4. After the installation of the fillies and rafters has been completed, they proceed to the installation of the lathing and massive solid boards to the ridge.
5. If we are talking about layered rafters, then the assembly begins with the installation of the bed. Supports are attached to it.
6. This is followed by the installation of a ridge bar, fixed with jibs.
7. And finally, rafters with a length exceeding the length of the bar are mounted on the bar.
8. The type of lathing is chosen depending on the roofing.
9. Any roof, including gable, should be provided with a layer of hydro and vapor barrier. And in the presence of a warm attic, more and insulation.

Multi-gable roof

The multi-gable roof is also gable, and differs from the gable roof in a large number of slopes and the presence of valleys. Their device is a rather complicated and time-consuming process. Endovye - these are the places where two slopes meet, when an inner corner is formed. In such places, accumulations of snow are formed and a large load can lead to the destruction of the structure. When organizing such a roof, it is imperative to provide for the organization of the drainage of water and snow in the form of gutters.

When constructing endowments, use of waterproofing materialsto avoid leaks and rotting on the wood. The lathing in the place of such internal corners is made solid, regardless of what it is for the selected roofing. All joints should be done with high quality, without the possible formation of cracks, so that there are no vulnerabilities.

Multi-gable roof rafter system

To install such a roof, it is necessary to correctly calculate all the dimensions of the house and draw a small roof plan, on which you indicate where the ridge will be located, and where the ends will be. This will help to correctly calculate the length of the rafter legs.

DIY gable roof: construction, rafter system, etc.

Diy gable roof: calculation, choice of materials, detailed instructions.

Multi-gable roof

Classic versions of rafter systems with two or four slopes are gradually giving way to more modern technical solutions. To please the consumer, designers, together with construction companies, create roofs that are more and more fanciful in their shape. One of the striking examples is the multi-gable roof truss system. By its configuration, it stands out strongly against the background of standard design solutions.

Appearance

The roof of the classical form has several gentle slopes. In the multi-pliers version, an additional element is cut into one of the slopes. It's called a tong.

Frame made of wooden beams rectangular section

A gable is an insert consisting of two slopes that connects the rafter structure to the frame of the house. A multi-gable roof can have more than two gables.

Top view of various roof options

Important! The frame for a multi-gable roof has a more complex structure than that of gable roofs... It will take much more time to make and assemble it. Labor costs and the amount of required building material will increase.

Positive and negative properties

A multi-gable roof is a complex rafter system. It has a number of properties that make it popular in the construction market:

Positive

• Strength. The frame is assembled from strong, well-prepared elements. Each of them has a high safety margin.
• Load-bearing capacity of the entire frame. Thanks to the well thought-out and reliable geometric shape of the multi-gable roof, it can withstand significant wind and snow loads. A roof with this shape is suitable for installation in climatic regions with unpredictable and aggressive weather.
• Easy to maintain. A multi-gable roof has a large slope angle. This prevents debris from accumulating on the surface. Therefore, there is no need to carry out systematic cleaning.
• Ergonomics. Each tong is additional living space. This allows better use of the free space of a private house.
• Interesting appearance. A sophisticated roof will decorate any house, making it unique and recognizable against the background of other buildings.

Negative

• The high cost of materials and work. For the construction of a multi-gable truss structure you will need a lot more building and finishing materials than for the installation of classic options.
• High probability of leaks. There are many connections and joints in the outer surface of the roof. Each of them is a weak point where leaks can form.
• High complexity for do-it-yourself work. There are many elements in the roof structure. It is easy for an inexperienced builder to get confused in them.

Important! Minor disadvantages are easily offset by the significant advantages of this rafter system.

Component parts of the frame

Several basic elements are used to assemble a multi-gable roof:

Roof device

• Mauerlat is one of the main elements of the frame. it carrier beam, on which the rafter "legs" rest. It evenly dissipates the load from the roof over load-bearing walls or columnar supports. In low-rise construction, the Mauerlat is made of rectangular or square section... Mauerlat is constantly exposed to significant stress. Therefore, a bar with a cross section of at least 150 × 150 mm is used. It is attached to pre-prepared anchor bolts.
• Rafters - load-bearing elements installed at an angle to each other. Each rafter consists of two prefabricated parts. They are installed along the ridge. The rafter "legs" take the load from the roofing carpet and precipitation. They are attached to the Mauerlat using saws, corners or staples. The upper part of the rafters is connected into one knot with a ridge girder.
• Racks are load-bearing elements installed vertically. Usually they are supported by rafter "legs" or ridge girders.
• The braces are rafters at an angle.
• Endova is a junction of two adjacent slopes. It serves to drain rainwater. Snow and water can accumulate in the valley. Therefore, the frame around it is reinforced with additional supports or double rafter "legs". In places where the valley passes, a continuous crate is installed. The roofing carpet is reinforced with an additional layer of waterproofing. Then a special strip is mounted on top, along which rainwater flows.

Load on the valley

• An edge or ridge is a knot connecting the top of two adjacent slopes.
• Sheathing - structural elements that are fixed perpendicular to the rafter "legs". The roofing carpet is laid on it.

Frame calculation

To ensure the required strength and rigidity of the roof, it is necessary to make a full calculation of all elements. Due to the complexity of the design, it is not recommended to do it yourself; it is better to contact a specialized design organization, where they will provide all the necessary documentation and a finished drawing.

The complex-shaped multi-gable roof looks harmoniously on cottages of any configuration and size. It allows you to get a unique residential building that will attract admiring glances from neighbors and passers-by.

Multi-gable roof rafter system drawing, video

Classic versions of rafter systems with two or four slopes are gradually giving way to more modern technical solutions. To please the consumer, designers, together with construction companies, create roofs that are more and more bizarre in their shape. One of the striking examples is the multi-gable roof truss system.

A multi-gable roof, with all the complexity of calculation and installation, is especially popular in our country. Its complex, geometrically perfect appearance evokes persistent associations with wooden architecture: tall towers, decorated with carved platbands and shutters. Although simple roof shapes are cheaper and more convenient to use, a well-designed multi-gable roof opens up ample opportunities for original architectural solutions and the use of interior space.

Pros and cons of a multi-gable roof

There are many advantages pitched roof numerous and obvious:

• possibility rational use internal volume;
• overlapping complex buildings;
• attractive appearance;
• variety of architectural solutions;
• a large angle of inclination allows you to effectively drain water;
• a thick layer of snow does not accumulate;
• equally well suited for houses made of stone and wood.

The multi-gable roof offers a wide variety of options

At the same time, the complexity of the design determines its disadvantages:

• the need for competent design, great sensitivity to the correct installation;
• not every type of roofing is suitable;
• high material consumption due to the large area of \u200b\u200bthe slopes;
• the need for a branched drainage system;
• high cost due to the use of numerous additional elements.

Features of the design and device of a multi-gable roof

Gable is an architectural term for the top of a building bounded by two ramps. The simplest version of the gable roof is the gable. More complex forms of multi-gable structures are formed as a result of intersections of ramps.

The load-bearing elements of the pitched roof are rafters, which transfer weight and operational loads to the walls of the building

Gable roof

Historically, the gable roof is the most popular finishing structure for individual residential buildings. Its advantages:

• significant angle of inclination, allowing to organize effective water drainage;
• ease of installation, rational scheme of load distribution;
• elaborated diagrams of nodes for connecting elements;
• ease of maintenance due to optimal design;
• the service life is limited only by the durability of the roofing;
• ease of repair and reconstruction;
• a significant internal volume allows you to arrange attics and operated attic spaces;
• the highest ventilation efficiency through the end walls.

The use of a gable roof allows you to arrange terraces and balconies at the ends of the building, as well as provide for significant overhangs to protect the walls of the building from precipitation

The supporting frame of a gable roof can be made using two types of load-bearing elements: rafters and trusses. The first option is more common, the second is used for large areas of the roof base, significant spans and operational loads.

Rafters can be designed:

1. Hanging. This means that at the point of connection they have no support that transfers the load to the supporting structures of the building.
2. Forced. Such rafters have additional support in the form of a girder, which, in turn, is installed on vertical posts.

In order for the rafter system to correctly perceive the horizontal rapier loads, the hanging rafters are connected with a tightening or crossbar, and the layered ones - with a fight

Roof rafter systems are more reliable, designed for heavy roofs and significant snow loads. Hanging rafters are used to organize an attic room or an exploited attic.

Types of gable roof trusses

A farm (from lat. Firmus - durable) is a building structure that allows, due to the use of straight elements connected by hinge nodes, to exclude bending loads.

The device of trusses reduces the weight of the supporting roof frame, increases the permissible spans, and reduces material consumption. In addition, roof trusses can be assembled on the ground and then lifted upward, which increases assembly accuracy and simplifies installation.

The trusses are used to cover a large unsupported span

The ready-to-install roof trusses can be ordered from the factory to ensure workmanship and geometry stability. Structures made of high-grade wood can be successfully used for buildings without an upper ceiling, insulating only the upper plane of the roof, since open elements of roof trusses are very decorative and popular in loft or rustic styles.

To organize an additional floor in the inner volume of the roof - an attic, you need to use trusses with straight types of lattice, leaving a gap in the middle of the structure. The angle of inclination of such a roof must be increased accordingly.

For device attic floor use special attic types of trusses

One of the most common forms of a multi-gable roof is a hipped roof.

Four slopes diversify the architectural design of buildings and increase the roof space

This option is formed by the intersection of two gable roofs. The spatial layout of such a structure includes a valley (valley) - an internal corner.

It is this element of the rafter system that is the reason for the technological complexity of the multi-gable roof, complicates the calculation and installation of roofing parts. Providing the main drainage from the roof surface, the valley must be performed at a high level, since errors during construction can result in leaks and violations of the integrity of the coating.

Simple types of gable roof truss systems can be implemented with virtually no additional metal parts

A special case of a hipped roof is the option with skylights. In this case, the building can be square or rectangular in plan, only the shape of the roof changes.

Dormer windows help to more efficiently organize the attic space or improve lighting and ventilation of the attic

Other types of multi-gable roofs

In addition to the simplest symmetrical options, multi-gable roofs allow you to combine types, for example, use hip and hip ends, form different kinds intersections of slopes, each of which may include dormers.

Non-standard design of dormer windows and a change in the angle of inclination of the slopes form original architectural forms

Especially often, various combinations of a hip multi-gable roof are used for single-storey buildings of a large area, since rational organization space requires complex angular planning, and drainage from an extended roof is easier to organize using valleys.

The angular layout of a one-story building can be the basis for the use of a multi-gabled hip roof with dormer windows

Buildings with a plan view of the letter P, G or T can only be designed using a multi-gable roof. Hip slopes are a popular solution as they get rid of gables.

Hip multi-gable roof is used for buildings with complex shapes with an unexploited attic

For wooden multi-storey buildings, multi-gable roofs of complex shapes with dormer windows are often used.

Multi-pitched roofs with a large angle of inclination allow you to arrange several levels of the attic inside the roof space

Multi-gable roof rafter system

The main feature of the rafter structure of a multi-slope roof is the inner edges of the intersection of the slopes, valleys. Depending on the angle at which the slopes adjoin each other, the nodes for connecting the elements of the rafter structure are designed.

The rafter systems of symmetrical multi-gable roofs are easier to manufacture with layered rafters

The installation of the valley and the joining of the rafters to it are not very difficult, provided that modern woodworking tools are used and a preliminary calculation of the roof.

Video: installation of a rafter structure with a valley

The junctions of two parts of the roof can in the simplest case be realized using only wooden elements and precise adjustment of the corners.

In the rafter system of a multi-gable roof, to form the inner corner of the abutment of the slopes, the valley rafters and shortened rafter beams are used.

For more complex roof options that cover large areas and carry significant operational loads, metal corners and plates are used. It is imperative to carry out calculations of the bearing capacity of such structures and to develop detailed plans for the layout of rafters, purlins and other load-bearing elements.

A competently executed project of a multi-gable roof is a guarantee of structural strength and a long service life

Choosing a roof covering for a multi-gable roof

Since the structure of a multi-gable roof has internal ribs, numerous abutments and intersections of slopes with each other, the roof covering must meet the following requirements:

• be easy to install and process, cut without problems at arbitrary angles;
• be completed with a large number of additional elements;
• allow to arrange a complex drainage system;
• be designed for installation on roofs with a large slope.

Correct roof construction requires the use of a variety of additional elements

Based on these criteria, we can conclude that slate, ondulin, corrugated board are of little use as a coating for multi-gable roofs. The dimensions of common slate sheets are 0.98x1.5 and 1.13x1.5 m, ondulin - 0.95x2 m, corrugated board 1.15x6 m.Their advantage is a significant coverage area, which manifests itself as much as possible in a roof with a slight slope and simple geometry ... In the case of a complex structure with intersections of slopes, there is a need for pruning, and here the advantages turn into a disadvantage: there is a lot of waste, and fitting becomes more difficult. And also these roofing materials are characterized by a large profile height and an increased value of overlap of sheets, which in some cases makes it impossible to correctly install additional elements and gutters.

An exception is a simple gable roof, which has no interior corners and dormers. Of the additional elements, you only need a ridge, a ventilation frame and a gutter. Pruning in this case will be minimal, material consumption will not increase.

In the case of a complex multi-pitched roof, preference should be given piece materials: ceramic, cement-sand and slate tiles. The small size allows you to efficiently fill the most complex shapes with minimal trimming waste. A large number of additional elements makes it possible to perform abutments and intersections of roof elements with reliable waterproofing and drainage.

Ceramic tiles allow you to arrange the roof as efficiently and technologically as possible for complex options for multi-gable roofs

Metal tiles and soft bituminous tiles can also be considered as roofing materials, provided that all technological nuances are observed. For metal tiles, the correct execution of the valley assembly is critical. To do this, you must:

• reinforcement of the lathing at the place of installation of the valley, it is optimal to make it continuous;
• application of several layers of waterproofing on top of the lathing;
• installation of the inside of the valley;
• sealing the joints of the roofing material with silicone;
• installation of the outer part of the valley.

Bituminous soft tiles require continuous sheathing of sheet material over the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe roof and under-roof ventilation. In inner corners be sure to use additional waterproofing - valley carpet.

Features of roofing roofing materials

The complexity of the geometry of multi-gable roofs requires careful adjustment and trimming of the roofing material and additional elements to accurately connect them to each other. However, if you have a detailed project, you can do it yourself. Of course, this work requires precision, accuracy and adherence to the installation technology recommended by the manufacturer.

The metal tile is mounted using special self-tapping screws with a coating to protect against corrosion. It is easier to calculate the amount of basic material and additional elements in a specialized program, since the complex geometry of the roof requires numerous trims.

Layout of sheets of metal on slopes of complex shape generates a significant amount of waste due to trimming

Particular attention should be paid to the correct installation of end elements, ridge and places of abutment to vertical structures, since the reliability of the roof waterproofing depends on this.

Video: installation of a valley as part of a metal roofing

For houses with more than two storeys, especially with complex roof geometry, it is highly desirable to install a drainage system from the roof.

Piece ceramic, cement-sand and polymer coatings were originally intended for installation on roofs of complex geometry. They are easy to use due to small size... Their only drawback is their rather heavy weight. Therefore, the roof sheathing must be reinforced, and with direct installation, it is necessary to evenly distribute the prepared tile stacks over the entire surface of the slope so as not to overload the structure.

During installation ceramic tiles important to calculate required amount material and prepare it for laying, evenly distributing it over the roof surface

It is easiest to install soft bituminous shingles on complex roofs because of their low weight, flexibility and ease of processing. However, it requires the obligatory preparation of the roof: the device of a solid base made of OSB or moisture-resistant plywood, the installation of a lining waterproofing carpet, additionally reinforced in places where the slopes bend (ridge and valleys).

You need to equip a solid base under soft tiles.

Options and methods for finishing a multi-gable roof from the inside

Depending on how you plan to use the under-roof space, the finishing method is chosen.

If the attic is unexploited or technical, it is enough just to sheathe it with OSB building board along the lower surface of the rafters.

The roof of the dwelling must be insulated. For this, the thermal insulation material is mounted between the rafters using a counter beam, which is installed perpendicular to the rafters. Sometimes it is installed in parallel, with an offset in the rafter gap. From the side of the room, the insulation is closed with a vapor barrier membrane. And only after it can the front finish be mounted. The selected material can be attached to the counter beam or an additional rail or metal profile can be used.

Installation of the topcoat on the rail allows you to provide additional ventilation gap for better ventilation of the insulation

For attics or one-story houses without attic floor in the loft style, a partially open rafter system can be used.

In this case, the roof is insulated and sutured, and parts of the wooden trusses that protrude into the room are covered with decorative impregnation or paint.

Wooden trusses can be used in the interior as an independent decorative element

A popular type of decoration is wood paneling - clapboard, planed board. Used in country and rustic interiors. Wooden decoration Materials are sewn onto the counter-lattice along the rafters, which allows all parts of the roof structure to be well ventilated. Tthis cladding additionally increases the rigidity of the structure and improves its thermal insulation properties.

Wood cladding emphasizes complex broken roof shapes

Finally, the attic can be sheathed with magnesite slabs or drywall and then painted in any color. To do this, across the rafters, after installing the insulation and vapor barrier, are sewn metal profiles, onto which the selected sheet material is screwed.

Plain paint in light colors visually expands the attic space

Options for projects of houses with a multi-gable roof

Since there are a huge number of options for combinations of types of roofs as part of a multi-gabled roof, and the architect's imagination is limited only by the technological subtleties of the selected roofing material and the financial capabilities of the customer, building projects are varied and numerous.

Photo gallery: building designs with multi-gable roofs

A simple version of a gable roof is often chosen for one-story buildings with an L-shaped layout.
Multi-pliers hip roof can be used for a house with an extension, in which a garage or workshop is arranged
The large angle of inclination of the gable roof allows you to design an attic floor
In architectural solutions of country cottages, a multi-pitched roof with partial overhang of the slopes can be used.
The number of crossings of slopes is limited only by the architect's imagination

It is better to understand what architectural possibilities a multi-pitched roof provides with building designs. For example, with the help of a four-pitched roof, you can arrange a second light in the living room of a one-story house.

The living room of this house has a large ceiling height and glazing area

The building is cruciform in plan, covered verandas are located on the short sides, and the central intersection of the slopes makes the living room twice as high as the rest of the premises and adds light. Private and public areas are rationally separated. The second part of the one-story building is occupied by a garage with technical rooms.

The original architectural solution diversifies the volumetric layout of a one-story cottage

It is convenient to use a multi-pitched roof with a large angle of inclination for the construction of attic rooms. This allows you to save materials due to the absence of an attic floor, as well as create an attractive exterior of the building.

High multi-gable roof looks harmonious on small T-shaped buildings

The first floor is larger than the attic in size and is a public area: there is a living room, dining room, kitchen and only one bedroom. The living room has a second light.

The layout of the first floor uses a small area of \u200b\u200bthe house rationally

On the attic floor there are two small bedrooms and one more bathroom. The space under the slopes is used for large built-in wardrobes.

Part of the attic floor is occupied by the second light of the living room

A multi-gable roof is a great option for a private developer. It allows you to efficiently use the internal volume, has many design options. When correct installation frame and roofing, such a roof will last for many years. At the same time, its attractive appearance, both outside and inside, allows the development of exteriors and interiors of buildings with high decorative and operational characteristics.

The construction term "multi-gable roof" defines a roof structure of a house that has several gables or gables more than one. The multi-gable roof rafter is designed as a complex rafter rafter system. Thus, if there are several gables or gables near the building wall, the roof of such a structure can be called multi-gable. Original roofing systems can be found not only on historical sites, in old manors or castles. The building fashion has shifted the demand for multi-gable roofs to the present time, and now most private cottages are built with such roofs. Companies offer customers a wide variety of projects of complex rafter systems, which are the basis of gable roofs, even if the structure is expensive.

Functional load of multi-gable roof

Such a roof performs many tasks - from technical and operational to aesthetic and design. Therefore, the project must be worked out in all directions, all the elements and details of the gable roof with their own hands must have high accuracy and reliability. It is also advisable to make design changes to the project that make the roof of the house different from other structures.

Even a standard gable roof with two gables can be attributed to a multi-gable structure, but the roof will be called a double gable. When developing a roofing system with paired gables or gables, the roof acquires a complex multi-gable orientation.

The complex rafter system of a multi-gable roof is quite realizable on its own, provided that all building rules and recommendations are followed. Before the final choice of the project scheme, you should at least superficially familiarize yourself with different options arrangement of multi-gable roofs, photos of which are presented below in the figures:

A complex multi-gable roof has the right to live in the following non-standard situations:

1. If the style of the building requires compliance with the solidity of the architectural composition;
2. If one or more buildings are attached to the main building;
3. If it is decided to decorate a rectangular or square house with additional pediments;
4. When building recessed windows, loggias, balconies on the roof;
5. If the requirements for the attic do not provide for enhanced natural daylight;
6. Also, a multi-gable roof is erected in houses with a large number of residential and technical premises. These can be low-rise residential buildings or a one-story house with a large area. large area.

Pros and cons of the design

The architecture of the building only benefits from the construction of a multi-girder roof system.

The advantages of such a structure are enough to make a choice in its favor:

1. The uniqueness, originality, aesthetics and harmony of the building with a multi-gable roof are immediately visible;
2. The design is reliable and durable precisely due to its complexity - multidirectional fastenings of rafters and gables due to numerous stiffeners neutralize all types of loads - lateral, impulse, shock, weight and wind, and also negates the effect of atmospheric phenomena, such as heavy snow or hail. Snow influxes will not be held on steep roof slopes, therefore, it is necessary to design a reliable storm sewer with a large flow capacity;
3. The presence of several gables is a great opportunity to equip one or more additional living or technical premises on the upper floor;

Negative points affecting the choice of the project:

1. The high cost of the system due to the large amount of building materials, complex construction work and construction time;
2. The construction of such a system involves a lot of scraps of roofing materials, and other waste of building materials;
3. The complex geometry of the roof makes it necessary to calculate the dimensions of parts with a high degree of accuracy, for which it is easier to use an online calculator. It is not recommended for non-professionals to mount the structure - it is safer to contact a regional construction company;
4. high-quality waterproofing is needed, especially at the internal joints;
5. Great pressure on the valley in winter.

Design nuances

Typical designs of houses with a multi-gable roof include a pitched rafter system with a slope towards the walls of the building. This allows you to effortlessly drain rain and snow. Structural elements that make up roofing device, the following:

1. A ramp is a piece of the roof without bends and turns;
2. Gable (pediment) - upper fragment outer wallwhose boundaries are defined by the roof slopes. There is an insignificant difference between a pediment and a gable: the gables have no cornice at the bottom;
3. Endova (gutter) - internal corner joints of the roof, which appear at the joints of the slopes. At the end of the valley ends at the border of the pediment. Endova is the most loaded part of the roof structure, as snow and rain flows constantly collect in the inner corners (see photo above). During construction work, it is she who needs to be given special attention in order to avoid problems associated with the appearance of leaks in the future.
4. Rib (ridge - a horizontally located joint, which is formed when adjacent slopes are connected;
5. The overhang ensures the connection of a roof fragment 300-500 mm wide. The main function of the overhang is to protect the building from rain and snow, the maximum possible drainage of rain and melt water;
6. The drainage system drains water from the roof to the drainage system;
7. An abutment is a fragment of the junction of the slopes with the outer wall.

1. Skate;
2. Gable detail - wind or end rail;
3. Lower valley;
4. Upper valley;
5. Dripper - cornice bar;
6. Snow bar;
7. Adjacent bar;
8. Ventilation shaft cover;
9. Low tide on the window;
10. Gable L-strip for outer corners of the roof;
11. Soffit;
12. Ventkanal, sheathed with a professional sheet;
13. Attic window;
14. Wall-mounted J-channel;
15. The drain.

Step-by-step process for erecting a multi-gable roof

The assembly of the multi-gable roof is carried out in compliance with the requirements specified in the project. The steps are as follows:

1. First, it is necessary to systematize data on the climate in the region - climatic data - they will be useful in calculations and in drawing up project documentation;
2. Project development and calculation of building materials, project budgeting. This step is quite difficult to complete on your own, so do not skimp - put the work in the hands of professionals. It is also recommended to preliminarily compile a list of construction materials, their quantity and approximate dimensions;
3. The first practical step is to install the Mauerlat along the perimeter of the outer walls of the house;
4. Installation of vertical supports and fastening of horizontal running beams to form a ridge;
5. Assembly of support beams that determine the shape of the transition and joining of the slopes;
6. The rafter structure is reinforced with struts for a more even distribution of loads;
7. Fastening of parts is carried out with metal hardware - steel plates, brackets, threaded studs or anchors;
8. On the rafters on the outside, a frame is assembled from rails for fastening the roofing material.

The structure of the frame is determined by the choice of roof covering. During installation soft roof it is better to mount a solid frame, without gaps. If the roof is covered with hard roofing materials (metal tile, profiled sheet, corrugated board), it is allowed to make gaps in the frame between slats or boards.

Protection against moisture and heat loss

Waterproofing materials in rolls are very easy to roll out into strips and are attached with an overlap (overlap - 100-150 mm), perpendicular to the slope. The joints of the rolls are sealed with a special adhesive tape or construction tape. Joints and seams on valleys need to be sealed especially carefully - with two or three layers of tape or tape.

If the laying of the waterproofing layers was not done properly technological process, with the use of materials of poor quality, then you should expect the corresponding consequences - moisture will collect under the roof, the heat-insulating layer of the roof will get wet, they will rot and mold wooden beams and rafters.

A couple of decades ago, the most popular materials for waterproofing roofs were glassine and roofing felt, but time and technology do not stand still. Innovative waterproofing membrane coatings (films) are able not only to maintain their operational characteristics much longer, but also to comply with the requirements for environmental friendliness and safety of people living in the house.

When assembling a multi-gable roof, additional unoccupied space appears in the attic, and it is possible to equip living or technical utility rooms in it. In view of this additional opportunity to expand the space, the roof must be well insulated and protected from atmospheric moisture. Mineral wool and other similar insulation materials are ideal solutions for complex roofs, as they can take any shape. A layer of soft heat insulator prevents the formation of "cold bridges" - it is in them that moisture first appears. Basalt or glass are best suited for the manufacture of mineral-based thermal insulation. The advantages of these materials for surface insulation are obvious:

1. Low weight of insulation;
2. High fire safety and fire resistance (NG group);
3. Environmentally friendly operation.

Mineral wool also absorbs noise, which is important for all residents of the house.

How much does it cost to build a multi-gable roof

Drawing up a project, calculating the estimate and the amount of building materials, time and labor costs - all these parameters can only be calculated with a high degree of accuracy by professionals. An independent approach to such a responsible business can result in significant monetary losses. Therefore, you should not save on the services of specialists - your costs will be repaid a hundredfold.

If the structures are designed and built in compliance with GOST and SNiP, then the result will be as follows:

1. The house will look neat and beautiful, I spit the design that is not encountered by anyone will make it unique;
2. Long-term resistance of the roof to weather conditions and other loads is provided;
3. Housing will acquire additional free premises, which you can arrange at your discretion.

The costs of building a multi-gable roof and carrying out preparatory work (drawing up a project and other necessary documentation) depend on the quality and cost of consumables, the complexity of assembling structures, and the level of employment of workers. Therefore, the approximate cost can be determined only after fulfilling all the preconditions for construction - calculation of materials, design, hiring a team of professional workers.