Construction of a multi-gable roof. Multi-gable roof: how to make a reliable structure. Rafter system device

Private houses are decorated with roofs of various shapes. Among them there are gabled ones. They are a structure that rests on two walls of the same height. These roofs have two slopes. The end part resembles a triangle in its shape. If the walls are made of wood, then such a triangle is called tongs, and if made of brick - pediments. You can make a gable roof with your own hands.

Gable roofs have two slopes... There are no restrictions on the choice of roofing materials.

When installing such a roof, as a rule, material waste is minimal. This is due to the fact that the shape of the slopes is rectangular. By the way, the slopes can have different lengths and slope angles.

Such a roof is characterized by the use of a warm attic, which is used as an additional room. can lead to additional material costs and complicate work.

Optimal angle for the slope is determined in the range of 20-45 degrees and depends on the area of \u200b\u200bconstruction... If the terrain is snowy, it is better to increase the slope to avoid snow accumulation.

The device of such a roof begins with laying out the end parts - tongs. This is not an easy task, because they should be completely the same.

To calculate the length of the slope, they use the Pythagorean theorem, familiar to everyone from school... So, if we imagine that the slope is the hypotenuse of the calculated triangle, then one of the legs will be the height from the beginning of the slope to the ridge along the plane of the wall, and the second - half the length of the facade wall.

If the house has a simple shape in plan, then you can use the gable roof, but if the shape of the structure is complex, then an option appears using a gable roof. It is more difficult to build them, because they have many valleys.

Gable roof device

When constructing such a roof, two types of rafters are used - layered and hanging.

Slabs are a structure that has a support beam in the middle, which transfers the load from the ridge to the Mauerlat, laid on the load-bearing walls. This beam is mounted in the middle of the outer walls.

Hanging rafters are used in cases where the distance between the walls is less than 10 meters or there is no load-bearing wall in the middle of the house.

They are supported on the side walls. But this creates a bursting effect. It gives additional stress to the walls. To avoid this, the construction hanging rafters provides for the connection of rafters with puffs in such a way that a triangle appears. Floor beams can be used to perform this function.

Tightens can be mounted from above and below. In this case, the upper ones must be installed in such a way that the distance from the ridge is more than 50 centimeters.

Materials

For work you will need:

• mauerlat. For him, wooden bars with a section of 15x10 or 15x15 centimeters are suitable;
• rafters. For them, pine boards with a section of 15x5 centimeters are chosen.
• sprains;
• counter-lattice. It is laid after a layer of waterproofing. For her, choose bars with a section of 5x5 centimeters or boards of 3x10 centimeters;
• the sheathing is selected under the roofing. It can be made of edged or unedged boards, plywood, OSB boards.

Stages of work

1. Depending on the design of the house, we choose the right one.
2. If the rafter system is hanging, then the rafter legs are assembled in advance. And after the assembly is completed, the resulting triangles of the rafters are mounted on the two extreme structures of the rafter system. Next, proceed to the installation of adjacent rafters.
3. We lay the Mauerlat (support beam) on the load-bearing walls, provided that the house is made of blocks or bricks, if the building is built of beams or logs, then the upper bar can be used as a Mauerlat.
4. The Mauerlat is attached to the brick walls on pre-walled metal rods with threads. They should be installed in one and a half meter increments. This will make the structure more durable and stable. Moreover, the diameter of such rods must be at least 10 mm.
5. Before installing the Mauerlat, a layer of waterproofing is laid on the brick walls (roofing material can be used for this purpose). It is attached to bolts with washers.
6. If the walls are made of foam concrete or ceramics, then before installing the Mauerlat, their surface is poured with reinforced concrete 20-30 centimeters high.
7. Mauerlats are installed parallel to each other to avoid unevenness during the installation of the rafter system.
8. Before installing the rafters, it is necessary to mark the Mauerlat using a pencil and a ruler.
9. The rafters are made in accordance with the length of the slope, which can be determined by the Pythagorean theorem, relying on the tongs already built.
10. When calculating the length of the rafters, it is necessary to take into account the presence of an overhang, therefore, another 50 centimeters are added to the calculated value.

The length of the overhang depends on personal preference for appearance roof, but it is not recommended to make it less than 50 centimeters, otherwise it will not perform its functions - to protect the walls of the house.

1. The lower end of the rafter should have a hole that will create an ideal attachment to the Mauerlat. This cut should be 1/3 the width of the rafter.

In order not to be mistaken with the location of the cutouts, you can prepare a small drawing where you mark all the necessary values.

1. With a hanging rafter system, they are attached to each other on metal plates or bolts.
2. They are fixed with jibs, dismantled after the end of work.
3. Next, the fillies are fastened, which will form the overhang of the roof.
4. After the installation of the fillies and rafters has been completed, they proceed to the installation of the lathing and massive solid boards to the ridge.
5. If we are talking about layered rafters, then the assembly begins with the installation of the bed. Supports are attached to it.
6. This is followed by the installation of a ridge bar, fixed with jibs.
7. And at the end, rafters with a length exceeding the length of the bar are mounted on the bar.
8. The type of lathing is chosen depending on the roofing.
9. Any roof, including gable, should be provided with a layer of hydro and vapor barrier. And in the presence of a warm attic, even insulation.

The multi-gable roof is also gable, and differs from the gable roof in a large number of slopes and the presence of valleys. Their device is a rather complicated and time-consuming process. Endovye - these are the places where two slopes meet, when an inner corner is formed. In such places, accumulations of snow are formed and a large load can lead to the destruction of the structure. When organizing such a roof, it is imperative to provide for the organization of the descent of water and snow in the form of gutters.

When constructing endows, use of waterproofing materialsto avoid leaks and rotting on the wood. The lathing in the place of such internal corners is made solid, regardless of what it is for the selected roofing. All joints should be made with high quality, without the possible formation of cracks, so that there are no vulnerabilities.

To install such a roof, it is necessary to correctly calculate all the dimensions of the house and draw a small roof plan, on which you indicate where the ridge will be located, and where the ends will be. This will help you correctly calculate the length of the rafter legs.

Today, houses with a multi-gable roof have become quite common. Structures have original design... What does this name mean roof structure, let's try to figure it out.

Typical project of a cottage with a multi-gable roof

Installation of a multi-gable roof is carried out not only in order to protect the structure from various climatic and weather conditions. It can be installed on those that need additional lighting, or on houses with complex layouts.

An example of a complex layout of a house using a multi-gable roof

A multi-pitched roof can be simple and have only two slopes, or it can be multi-pitched and have several slopes. In most cases, the latter is characterized by a cruciform shape on the surface of the house.

Design advantages and disadvantages

There are several characteristics of a multi-gable roof that have a positive effect on its technical properties.

Despite the large number of advantages of a multi-gable roof, there are also some of its disadvantages.

Note. Before building this type of roofing for a house, you must first assess your financial capabilities, since it is the most expensive.

If a project of a four-pitched multi-gable roof is drawn up, then it is necessary to take into account in consumables means for insulation and thermal insulation of the structure.

Recommendations for drawing up a building plan with a multi-gable roof

First, you can use modern computer programs... This is not difficult. The most important thing to consider in the process of work:

Secondly, you need to know what elements the roof consists of and the features of the construction of its truss system.

Next, you need to correctly distribute the loads of load-bearing rafters and beams on the walls of the house. They are a guarantee of the resistance of the roof structure to the effects of wind and other climatic phenomena.
Note. This is ensured by the frequency of installation of rafters and beams. The smaller the distance between them, the higher the roof strength is.

To eliminate problems in the construction of the roof, you need to draw up its project in accordance with the established SNiP standards. After all, the loads can be constant or variable. And all of them are taken into account in the works.

Rafters connection diagram

What can be used to build houses with a multi-gable roof

It is worth considering that this type of roof exerts quite significant loads on the structure. It is for this reason that experts recommend building a roof only for a house from:

• bricks;
• shell rock;
• foam block;
• aerated concrete.

These materials are endowed with certain indicators of strength and reliability, and they can be used to build buildings of any number of storeys.
In some cases, wood is also used:

• profiled timber;
• rounded timber.

In this case, the houses must have large parameters and a huge amount load-bearing structuresto withstand the loads of the roof.

Note. It so happens that a project of one house is immediately drawn up, in which, in the process of work, the appearance of the roof is changed.

All this creates additional loads that were not taken into account by architects. In order for the structure to serve for an even longer period of time, it is necessary to carry out a number of works aimed at strengthening it.

In most cases, the reinforcing system of the foundation of the house is initially thought out. Ditches are dug around the perimeter of the already made base, and gravy is made concrete mortar using fittings. As for the load-bearing walls, they can be reinforced at the points of their connection with similar materials, or you can use special ready-made metal structures, which are quite simply and quickly mounted on both the outer and inner corners of the structure.

Components of a multi-gable roof

In order to correctly draw up a project for such a roofing structure, you need to know what exactly it consists of.
So, in the construction of a multi-gable roof, the following elements are present:

• mauerlat;
• lathing;
• inclined slopes;
• rafters;
• endova;
• horizontal and inclined ribs;
• skate;
• overhangs.

In addition, they also use gutters for high-quality drainage of water from the roof surface and grooves.

House project with original multi-gable roof construction

Endovs are special connections of two roof slopes.

Mauerlat - the base of the roof, which is constructed from large-diameter profiled timber on the surface of the walls of the building. It is on it that a frame of wooden rafters and inclined beams is mounted.

Varieties of multi-gable roof

At the moment, this type of roof can be:

1. Complete. It is characterized by the fact that the roof is based on the walls of the structure. That is, the wall of the house acts as the front of the roof.
2. Incomplete. This is in the case when the front is an integral part of the roof and it is built during the installation of a roof from similar materials.

Drawing of an incomplete multi-gable roof

Council. It is best to opt for a full-fledged multi-gable roof. It will be more reliable and durable.

In addition, the room under it can be used to equip an office or bedroom.
Buildings with such a roof can have an unlimited number of floors. The most important thing is that the building material can withstand all the loads. Typically on suburban areas erect one-story houses with mansard roof... On the slopes of the multi-gable roof, skylights can be easily mounted.

It is also worth considering that you need to rationally use the additional space. For example, multiple bedrooms can be easily accommodated under a four-gable roof. It all depends on the size of the house.

Multi-gable roof rafter system

Mauerlat ensures the correct distribution of the load on the load-bearing walls of the house. For its construction, bars of 15x15 cm or 15x10 cm should be used.In this case, their length should reach 1.5 m.The rafters are assembled from boards with sections of 15x5 m.

Note. It is worth considering that the rafters can be inclined or hanging.

Their choice depends on the availability of additional supports. Although each type can be used simultaneously in the manufacture of roofing.

Where the slopes of the multi-gable roof are connected, they are mounted diagonal and inclined rafter legs... In the process of work, short supporting legs are attached to them.

Various designs of multi-gable roofs

Important. Due to the fact that the main load will be directed to the diagonal rafters, they must be strengthened.

For this, boards of a similar size are used, which are attached to each other.
At the top, the rafters are connected with a ridge. It is made independently from timber or boards. You can buy a ready-made product of this type.

Already on the installed rafters, a crate is mounted from wooden boards... They can be of any size.
Council. To increase the strength and reliability of the roofing structure, it is necessary to make crate cells with dimensions of no more than 50x50 cm.

If the front of the roof is being constructed simultaneously with the roof frame, then it must be refined with wooden planks.

The construction term "multi-gable roof" defines a roof structure of a house that has several gables or gables more than one. The multi-gable roof rafter is designed as a complex rafter rafter system. Thus, if there are several gables or gables near the building wall, the roof of such a structure can be called multi-gable. Original roofing systems can be found not only on historical sites, in old manors or castles. The building fashion has shifted the demand for multi-gable roofs to the present time, and now most private cottages are built with such roofs. Companies offer customers a wide variety of projects of complex truss systems, which are the basis of gable roofs, even if the structure is expensive.

Functional load of multi-gable roof

Such a roof performs many tasks - from technical and operational to aesthetic and design. Therefore, the project must be worked out in all directions, all the elements and details of the gable roof with their own hands must have high accuracy and reliability. It is also advisable to make design changes to the project that make the roof of the house unlike other structures.

Even a standard gable roof with two gables can be attributed to a multi-gable structure, but the roof will be called a double gable. When developing a roofing system scheme with paired gables or gables, the roof acquires a complex multi-gable orientation.

Complex rafter system a multi-gable roof for it is quite realizable on its own, subject to all building rules and recommendations. Before the final choice of the project scheme, you should at least superficially familiarize yourself with different options arrangement of multi-gable roofs, photos of which are presented below in the pictures:

A complex multi-gable roof has the right to live in the following non-standard situations:

1. If the style of the building requires compliance with the solidity of the architectural composition;
2. If one or more buildings are attached to the main building;
3. If it is decided to decorate a rectangular or square house with additional pediments;
4. When building recessed windows, loggias, balconies on the roof;
5. If the requirements for the attic do not provide for enhanced natural daylight;
6. Also, a multi-gable roof is erected in houses with a large number of residential and technical premises. These can be low-rise residential buildings or a one-story house with a large area. large area.

Pros and cons of the design

The architecture of the building only benefits from the construction of a multi-girder roof system.

The advantages of such a structure are enough to make a choice in its favor:

1. The uniqueness, originality, aesthetics and harmony of the building with a multi-gable roof are immediately visible;
2. The design is reliable and durable precisely due to its complexity - multidirectional fastenings of rafters and gables due to numerous stiffeners neutralize all types of loads - lateral, impulse, shock, weight and wind, and also negates the effect of atmospheric phenomena, such as heavy snow or hail. Snow influxes will not be held on steep roof slopes, therefore it is necessary to design a reliable storm sewer with a large capacity;
3. The presence of several gables is a great opportunity to equip one or more additional living or technical premises on the upper floor;

Negative points affecting the choice of the project:

1. The high cost of the system due to the large number of building materials, complex construction works and construction time;
2. The construction of such a system involves a lot of scraps of roofing materials, and other waste of building materials;
3. The complex geometry of the roof makes it necessary to calculate the dimensions of parts with a high degree of accuracy, for which it is easier to use an online calculator. It is not recommended to mount the structure to non-professionals - it is safer to contact a regional construction company;
4. high-quality waterproofing is needed, especially at the internal joints;
5. Great pressure on the valley in winter.

Design nuances

Typical designs of houses with a multi-gable roof include pitched system rafters with a slope to the walls of the building. This allows you to effortlessly drain rain and snow. Structural elements that make up roofing device, the following:

1. A ramp is a piece of the roof without bends and turns;
2. Gable (pediment) - upper fragment outer wallwhose boundaries are determined by the roof slopes. There is an insignificant difference between the pediment and the gable: the gables do not have a cornice at the bottom;
3. Endova (gutter) - internal corner joints of the roof, which appear at the joints of the slopes. At the end of the valley ends at the border of the pediment. Endova is the most loaded part of the roof structure, as in inner corners snow and rain flows are constantly collected (see photo above). During construction work, it is she who needs to be given special attention in order to avoid problems associated with the appearance of leaks in the future.
4. Rib (ridge - a horizontally located joint, which is formed when adjacent slopes are connected;
5. The overhang ensures the connection of a roof fragment 300-500 mm wide. The main function of the overhang is to protect the building from rain and snow, the maximum possible drainage of rain and melt water;
6. The drainage system drains water from the roof to the drainage system;
7. An abutment is a fragment of the junction of the slopes with the outer wall.

1. Skate;
2. Gable detail - wind or end rail;
3. Lower valley;
4. Upper valley;
5. Dripper - cornice bar;
6. Snow bar;
7. Adjacent bar;
8. Ventilation shaft cover;
9. Low tide on the window;
10. Gable L-strip for outer corners of the roof;
11. Soffit;
12. Ventkanal, sheathed with a professional sheet;
13. Attic window;
14. Wall-mounted J-channel;
15. The drain.

Step-by-step process for erecting a multi-gable roof

The assembly of the multi-gable roof is carried out in compliance with the requirements specified in the project. The steps are as follows:

1. First, it is necessary to systematize data on the climate in the region - climatic data - they will be useful in calculations and in drawing up project documentation;
2. Project development and calculation building materials, project budgeting. This step is quite difficult to complete on your own, so do not skimp - put the work in the hands of professionals. It is also recommended to preliminarily compile a list of construction materials, their quantity and approximate dimensions;
3. The first practical step is to mount the Mauerlat around the perimeter of the outer walls of the house;
4. Installation of vertical supports and fastening of horizontal running beams to form a ridge;
5. Assembly of support beams that determine the shape of the transition and joining of the slopes;
6. The rafter structure is reinforced with struts for a more even distribution of loads;
7. Fastening of parts is carried out with metal hardware - steel plates, brackets, threaded studs or anchors;
8. On the rafters on the outside, a frame is assembled from rails for fastening roofing material.

The structure of the frame is determined by the choice of roof covering. During installation soft roof it is better to mount a solid frame, without gaps. If the roof will be covered with rigid roofing materials (metal, profiled sheet, corrugated board), it is allowed to make gaps in the frame between slats or boards.

Protection against moisture and heat loss

Waterproofing materials in rolls are very easy to roll out into strips and are attached with an overlap (overlap - 100-150 mm), perpendicular to the slope. The joints of the rolls are sealed with a special adhesive tape or construction tape. Joints and seams on valleys need to be sealed especially carefully - with two or three layers of tape or adhesive tape.

If the laying of the waterproofing layers was not done properly technological process, with the use of materials of poor quality, then you should expect the corresponding consequences - moisture will collect under the roof, the heat-insulating layer of the roof will get wet, they will rot and mold wooden beams and rafters.

A couple of decades ago, the most popular materials for waterproofing roofs were glassine and roofing felt, but time and technology do not stand still. Innovative waterproofing membrane coatings (films) are able not only to maintain their operational characteristics much longer, but also to comply with the requirements for environmental friendliness and safety of people living in the house.

When assembling a multi-gable roof, additional unoccupied space appears in the attic, and it is possible to equip residential or technical utility rooms... In view of this additional opportunity to expand the space, the roof must be well insulated and protected from atmospheric moisture. Mineral wool and other similar heaters - perfect solution for complex roofas they can take any form. A layer of soft heat insulator prevents the formation of "cold bridges" - it is in them that moisture first appears. Basalt or glass are best suited for the manufacture of mineral-based thermal insulation. The advantages of these materials for surface insulation are obvious:

1. Low weight of insulation;
2. High fire safety and fire resistance (NG group);
3. Environmentally friendly operation.

Mineral wool also absorbs noise, which is important for all residents of the house.

How much does it cost to build a multi-gable roof

Drawing up a project, calculating the estimate and the amount of building materials, time and labor costs - all these parameters can only be calculated with a high degree of accuracy by professionals. An independent approach to such a responsible business can result in significant monetary losses. Therefore, you should not skimp on the services of specialists - your costs will be repaid a hundredfold.

If the structures are designed and built in compliance with GOST and SNiP, then the result will be as follows:

1. The house will look neat and beautiful, I spit no one else's design will make it unique;
2. Long-term resistance of the roof to weather conditions and other loads is ensured;
3. Housing will acquire additional free premises, which you can arrange at your discretion.

The cost of building a multi-gable roof and carrying preparatory work (drawing up a project and other necessary documentation) depend on the quality and cost of consumables, the complexity of assembling structures, the level of employment of workers. Therefore, the approximate cost can be determined only after fulfilling all the preconditions of construction - calculation of materials, design, hiring a team of professional workers.

Today, houses with a multi-gable roof have become quite common. Such buildings have a very original design. But not everyone will undertake to build a multi-gable structure, since only special construction companies can do it. The cost of such services is quite high, so not every owner can afford to build such a structure. However, the results exceed all expectations. Let's see what are the features of such a roof and how does it differ from others?

Features:

The multi-gable roof is a rather complex structure that includes many structural elements (rays, tongs, ribs, valleys, etc.).

3. It is necessary to properly distribute the loads of the load-bearing beams and rafters on the walls of the house, since they guarantee the stability of the roof. It is important to understand that the smaller the distance between the rafters and the beams, the stronger the roof.

Materials for building a house

Since the multi-gable roof exerts heavy loads on the structure, experts advise to build houses from durable and reliable materials:

• shell rock;
• bricks;
• aerated concrete;
• foam block.

Sometimes wood is also used: rounded or profiled timber. Houses in such cases, in order to withstand the load of the roof, must have large dimensions and many load-bearing structures.

To increase the service life of the building, a number of works are carried out to strengthen it. For example, the foundation of the house is initially strengthened. Ditches are dug along the perimeter of the finished base, concrete is poured using reinforcement. reinforced with similar materials or special finished metal structures, which can be quickly and easily mounted on internal and outer corners buildings.

Multi-gable roof: construction

For the correct design of such a project, you should carefully study its structure. The structure consists of:

• inclined slopes;
• rafters;
• mauerlat;
• lathing;
• inclined and horizontal ribs;
• ends;
• skate;
• groove;
• drain;
• overhang.

Multi-gable roof: rafter system

Since the structure of such a roof is quite complex, special attention should be paid to its drawing. This requires:

• measure all sizes;
• choose a slope for the roof;
• determine the type of rafter system;
• calculate the rafters;
• mark the locations of valleys, skates, ribs, uprights, puffs, girders, stops and other elements of the rafter system.

The basis of the multi-gable roof is the Mauerlat. For its construction, bars are used, the size of which is 15x15 cm or 10x15 cm.The length is about 1.5 m.It is laid on top of a concrete or brick wall and looks like a connected rigid frame. The Mauerlat is attached to the outer walls with metal galvanized pins installed in an armored belt. Rafters (inclined or hanging) are made of boards, the cross section of which is 5x15 m. At the junction of the slopes, inclined and diagonal rafters are mounted.Since the main load will be directed precisely to the diagonal rafters, they should be reinforced with boards of the same size. From above, the rafters are connected to each other with a ridge, which you can buy ready-made or make from boards or timber yourself. On the already installed rafters from the boards, a crate is mounted. To increase the strength and reliability of the structure, the lathing cells are made no more than 50x50 cm.

Arrangement of multi-panel roofing

After the construction of the frame, they begin to isolate the structure. For these purposes, a simple polyethylene film is used, which is laid on the floors with an approach to the Mauerlat.

The base is made depending on the type of roof finish chosen. For example, sheet slate can be placed directly on the crate. To mount a soft roof, you will need OSB sheets or plywood. They are attached to roof frame, spread the material on top. Insulation and insulation of the structure in this case is made from the inside.

Many give their preference to metal tiles. But due to the low rates of sound insulation, thermal conductivity and other disadvantages of this material, it will be necessary to carry out high-quality insulation of the roof.

When erecting a roof, it is very important to carefully approach such an issue as the installation of a rafter system. This structure will form the frame of the entire roof. When creating it, everything should be carefully calculated and all work should be carried out efficiently. The easiest option is. Almost anyone can do it. But this option does not suit everyone. Therefore, many choose more complex structures, one of which is a multi-gable roof. And what kind of rafter system is used in this case? How to calculate and mount it correctly? This will be discussed in the article.

General concepts

The rafter system of a multi-gable roof is a rather complex structure. To perform its calculation and installation, you need to have some experience. But before you talk about it, you should get acquainted with the very concept of a multi-pliers design. What is this roof option? Why is it called that?

This design is a multi-pitched roof. Its most important difference is the presence of tongs or gable elements with a ridge. It was from them that the whole structure took its name. Each of the tongs with one side abuts against the rafter system of the main roof. The other end forms a pediment.

The device of the rafter system of a multi-gable roof has its advantages, namely:

1. This design has high bearing capacity and strength.
2. The rafter system of a multi-gable roof is calculated based on increased loads. This feature allows the structure to easily withstand even hurricane winds and large layers of snow.
3. The slopes at such roofs are made quite steep. This prevents debris from accumulating on them. This means that roof maintenance is much easier. In addition, such a roof, if properly erected, does not require repair for a long time.
4. Due to the high ridge, a lot is formed under the multi-gable roof free space... This allows you to freely create additional living rooms on the attic floor.
5. Another advantage is that such a design can be used even in cases where the house has complex geometry.

But don't forget about the difficulties. The rafter system of a multi-gable roof is a complex structure. If you do not have sufficient experience in construction and carpentry work, then it is better to entrust its construction to specialists.

Basic structural elements

As mentioned earlier, the rafter system of a multi-gable roof is several gable structures joined together. Therefore, the basic principles will also be similar. In our case, both hanging and layered rafter systems can be used. As a rule, the main structure is wide. Therefore, it is used here. In the annexes they use, everything will depend on the width of the building and the presence of an axial load-bearing wall.

In addition, the rafter system of a multi-gable roof includes the following main elements:

• stingrays. Their number in a multi-gable roof can differ many times from the traditional design. In this case, the size, shape and steepness of unpaired slopes can also differ;
• skate. There will also be several of these elements;
• ribs - these elements are located at the joints of the slopes. Moreover, they can only be in those multi-gable roofs where hips are used;
• endova. Not one multi-gable roof can do without this element. This element is located at the inner corners where the two ramps converge. Endova needs to pay special attention. It is here in winter period snow may accumulate. Therefore, in such places, a large load is experienced and leaks occur most often, it is useful to read:.

Other elements may of course be present. For example, pediments. They cover the ends of the tongs themselves. In this case, the gables can also end the main roof, if it is not cable-stayed, it is useful to read:.

We make calculations

The rafter system of a multi-gable roof is a complex design. Therefore, it is impossible to do without preliminary drawing up of its scheme. But first of all, all the basic calculations should be made. Before drawing up a plan for the future truss system of a multi-gable roof, you should find out the following basic parameters:

1. Ridge height. To do this, you should use indicators such as the width of the house or annex (depending on the structure for which the calculation is performed) and the slope angle. Reverse calculations are very common. Initially, the desired height of the house is determined, and then the slope angle of the slope is calculated. It should be borne in mind that the width of the main house and the extension will be different. This means that the angle of inclination of the rafter system of the multi-gable roof for each building will be different. This is the complexity of such a device.
2. Next, you should find out the length of the main rafters. This parameter is easy to calculate from the Pythagorean formula. However, it will be different for the main building and the extension.
3. You should also calculate the length of the valley. Slant rafters will be located here. The Pythagorean theorem will also be used here. Endova will be the hypotenuse. The triangle itself consists of the length of the rafter of the main building and half the width of the extension.
4. Between the ridge and the rafters, there are napkins. Their length should also be found out using the Pythagorean theorem. Narodniks will be shortened rafters.

The total roof area is also calculated. It will be the sum of the areas of all the slopes of the multi-gable roof. This value is necessary to calculate how much roofing material you will need during installation, read additional material:.

Load

The rafters of a multi-gable roof, like the entire system, must withstand all external influences. Therefore, even before calculating all the basic parameters, the load should be calculated. Experts distinguish between two types, namely:

• constant. This group includes the load on the rafter system of multi-gable and other types of roofs caused by the weight of the materials used. It also includes the mass of all equipment installed on the roof;
• variable load. This group includes impacts from external factors... The weight of the snow cover acts on the rafter system, which will linger on the roof. In addition, the wind also has an impact.

Knowing what angle of inclination of the slopes will be on your roof, you can calculate the variable loads. Adding to them the mass of all materials used in the construction of the roof, you can determine the total impact that the entire structure must withstand, it is recommended to read:.

Knowing all the loads, you can determine the cross-section of the rafters. The greater the load, the thicker the main elements of the system should be. In addition, after such calculations, and or the step is determined. Also, if necessary (for example, if the rafter legs are too long), specify the location of additional supporting elements. After all this, a drawing is drawn up.

To carry out all these calculations correctly, especially to draw up a diagram of the future truss system of a multi-gable roof - this is a difficult task. It is better to entrust it to specialists. Or you can use special programs. With their help, having indicated all the necessary data, you can not only calculate all the parameters, but also draw up a plan for the location of all components of the rafter system of a multi-gabled roof.

Installation of the rafter system of a multi-gable roof does not differ much from the traditional gable system... All work is carried out in the following sequence:

1. The first step is made. In the case of a multi-gable roof, this work must be done not only along all external load-bearing walls, but also along the internal ones. The latter would be more correctly called a lie.
2. Next, you should install the ridge girder. Most often, a multi-gable roof over the main building is installed in a layered way. Therefore, you cannot do without a ridge run. A hanging rafter system is most often used above the extension. In this case, the ridge run is not used.
   
3. After that, the installation of the outer rafter pairs of the main building is carried out. To make it convenient to assemble structures on beams attic floor it is better to lay the boards in the form of a rough floor. This will be useful, because the rafter pairs themselves are collected directly on the roof.
4. The next step is to secure the rafters or valleys in place. Its upper part should be located on the ridge run of the main building in the place where the ridge of the extension's rafter system will approach it. The lower end is mounted on the Mauerlat where the walls of the extension join with load-bearing walls the main building.
5. After that, the remaining elements are attached. First of all, the truss pairs of the multi-gable roof are mounted above the main building. Next, go to the structure above the extension. Moreover, if the main rafters are attached to the Mauerlat, then the handicrafts are mounted to the valley.
6. During installation, it is very important that all the rafters of one side of the structure are in the same plane.
   
7. Further, if necessary, carry out the installation of additional supporting elements. These can be props, stands, and so on.
8. After that, the end, frontal, strapping boards are fixed. They make an overhang and fasten the crate. Next, you can start laying the roofing material. If a dwelling is to be equipped under a multi-gable roof, then a vapor barrier, a heat-insulating layer and waterproofing should be additionally installed.