Do-it-yourself porch of a house: a phased extension from the porch to the house. Original ideas for the design of the porch of a private house Street porches

When the right choice porch for a country house, you need to take into account the budget and desires and consider the finished photos. Our article will provide you with information about the types of porch, with all possible shapes, a variety of materials and examples of finishes.

To decide on a porch project, it is necessary to take into account not only the preferences of the owners of the house, but also its features. According to the designers, the style of the canopy and railings should match the style of the roof and balcony of the building. For example, for a building with gable roof the same visor above the porch will do.

For forged balconies and lattices on the windows, it is advisable to choose railings with the same forging patterns. At the same time, you should worry about the similar design of arches, columns and other decorative elements.

Types of house porch design

• Open is the most common way to enter a house. An open porch is mounted with a handrail, a visor, decorated with decor that can be transferred to the house in winter.
• Closed - glass (transparent or translucent), polycarbonate, or a simple mosquito net are used for wall design. It is comfortable to use a closed porch as an additional hallway, in such a room it is cozy and convenient to spend rest at any time of the year.
• Suspended - the need for such a porch comes from the landscape design next to the building or the presence of a basement floor. Hanging design similar to a balcony.
• The porch-terrace is decorated with an open area to relax in the fresh air.

In the shape of the ledge, the porch is rectangular and round.

The choice of materials plays an important role in the design of the porch. Today, concrete structures have become very popular. Their convenience lies in the fact that concrete is easy to paint, decorate with tiles, stones. The porch can also be decorated with wood, metal, stone and brick.

Note! Kitchen in a private house - 100 photos of design and layout ideas

TO wooden house a wooden porch is best. Moreover, wood is an environmentally friendly material and creates an extraordinary feeling of coziness and comfort. This solution has become popular not only among wooden houses, but also brick. They are installed on a base made of metal, concrete or wood.

Which tree is the most suitable? Of course, pine is used in 80% of cases. This is a relatively cheap material that will serve you for many years. The main thing is reliable sealing, varnishing and painting. Although, as practice shows, when using several materials at once, the result is an amazing architectural composition.

Do-it-yourself porch to the house

Let's start with an example of installing a wooden porch. For its manufacture, first of all, it is necessary to have a design drawing. Using boards and other materials, all parts are made. An electric jigsaw is needed to create leading supporting elements, stringers. But for the manufacture of complex design details, such as railings, it is better to seek help from a specialized workshop. There you can also ask for help from the development of a professional set of drawings, so that the dimensions of the house and additional requirements are taken into account.

It is necessary to start the assembly from the supporting parts. We must not forget about using the building level to check the levelness at each step of the construction. Remember! In order for the porch to serve you for a long time and reliably, it is better to mount it together with the construction of the house.

Porch with visor

Approaching any house, the first thing we notice is just a visor. And depending on the appearance, an impression is formed about the dwelling itself. Therefore, it is so important to pay attention to the design of this part of the house. What will it be? It all depends on your financial capabilities and imagination.

The main function of the visor is a presentable appearance and protection of the entrance to the house from weather gifts. Therefore, the first is the definition with materials of manufacture. Then - defining the shape and design of the canopy. And the last is the installation of the structure.

By choosing roofing materialshould be studied specifications all suggestions and focus on the maximum suitable option... Let's consider some of them:

• Polycarbonate is the most popular material. The visor has a beautiful translucent appearance, resistant to temperature changes, flexible, impact-resistant, fireproof. The disadvantage is poor transfer of UV radiation, so you should immediately treat it with a protective layer so that the canopy does not become cloudy and does not lose its appearance after a couple of years.
• Metal - inexpensive option, but working with it is much more difficult, since you need to use welding or fixing bolts. Such a visor will last a long time and reliably, if it is protected from corrosion and periodically looked after the surface.
• Metal tile - has an excellent look and will last an unlimited amount of time. It is light enough, durable, does not require unnecessary maintenance and is easy to install. The metal tile will have an attractive appearance and look great with any kind of frame. Among the disadvantages are the lack of sound insulation and strong heating in the summer.
• Decking - has the same advantages as metal tiles. The advantages include simplicity in work due to the large area of \u200b\u200bthe sheets, affordability and ease of installation, as well as the absence of the need for additional painting, practicality and durability.

When choosing a design, it is important to consider the material of the roof, the parameters of the canopy and the side of the drain.

According to the method of installation, it can be supporting (a heavy structure, reinforced with wood beams or metal pipes), suspended (it has a small size and is mounted on an external wall).

By form:

• flat - such a visor is mounted open and is made of any material;
• gable - will save you from rain, wind and blizzard, you can use different materials for the construction;
• tricycle - made on a metal frame made of metal or corrugated board, reliable and easy to cover from blizzards and rain;
• metal - made by forging. This version of the visor will be large, have a representative appearance, especially strong walls are needed for decoration;
• polycarbonate - protects from wind and dust, because of its flexibility, the visor can be easily shaped into an arch, tent or umbrella, which is why designers love to use it so much.

Whatever your decision about choosing a porch, always assess your options sensibly. Remember that it is better to order complex elements from a specialized company, and in order to flawlessly perform individual work, additional training from professionals is required.

And do not forget about working drawings, materials, tools, a photo of a porch for a private house and fixtures that will be needed to plan future actions.

Photo of the porch of a private house

Entrance doors do not let snow and wind into our houses, but they themselves can withstand the entire load. They are often located much higher than the ground level, therefore, to enter the house, you need a porch. It will help you get inside without any difficulties, leaving street dust and dirt behind the threshold.

What's interesting about the porch? It can be arranged in very different ways, according to the taste of the owner. This article will cover different options arrangement and decoration of the porch.

The entrance group in most cases is the central decorative element in the exterior of a cottage or private house. If the overall composition of the site is thought out and decorated with taste and love, and the porch looks like it was from another house or was made in a hurry, the whole impression will be ruined and the ensemble will be incomplete.

Features:

First, let's figure out what, in fact, is a porch. The general definition is that it is an extension to the house, which serves to enter and exit it. It has a staircase (or at least several steps), as well as a canopy (this condition is optional). In most cases, this design has a decorative appearance.

This structure is located outside the building, therefore it is not subject to building rules and regulations applicable to indoor buildings.

The entrance group is presented with a number of rules necessary to fulfill in terms of planning:

• It is necessary to equip the site. Its depth will depend on the width and type of entrance doors, as well as the way it is opened. The size of the site should not be less than 1 m2.
• Depending on how many doors open to the site, its length is planned.
• An important factor is the ability to freely carry a stretcher with a person lying on them across the site.
• A cover for protection from rain and snow is a requirement of the inspection authorities. It must be installed at a height of at least 20 cm from the top of the front door.
• If a wheelchair user lives in the house, it is necessary to equip the porch with an anti-slip ramp.

There are also fire safety rules that must be followed when arranging a porch:

• According to the requirements, the front door must always open outward. Accordingly, the area of \u200b\u200bthe upper step is planned with this in mind.
• Porch elements are made of non-combustible or low-combustible materials.
• If wood is used in the device or porch decor, it must be impregnated with a fire retardant.

From a safety point of view, it is necessary for the site to meet a number of requirements:

• The coating of steps and platforms should not slip;
• places where people walk should not be exposed to the accumulation of water;
• if the porch consists of more than 3 steps and has a height of more than 45 cm, it must necessarily have a protective fence (railings, sides and other elements);
• each step must be at least 30 cm wide and at least 15 cm high;
• the porch must have lighting (dotted from above), additional lED lights tape around the perimeter or rim degrees;
• in cold regions, an unheated or heated vestibule can be installed.

Technical requirements

Building codes (SNiP), as well as GOST regulate the main parameters for arranging the porch.

Depending on the height of the basement of the house, the number of steps of the entrance group is designed.

For example, the depth range for each step is 27-30 cm, and the height is 12-18 cm. Thus, the tread and riser should be 45 cm in size. This will provide optimal comfort for climbing steps.

In order for one person to be able to comfortably climb the stairs, its width should not be less than 60 cm.If it is assumed that two steps will walk, they should not be already 120-145 cm.More than three steps on the stairs require a fence or railings. Their height should vary from 9 to 20 cm. If the railings decorate the porch of a private cottage, their height can be whatever the owner wishes.

The ladder must meet the requirements for safe movement in relation to the horizon angle.The safest from the point of view of operation is a wide and flat staircase.

The upper platform is located 5 cm below the threshold. This is a requirement of fire regulations and rules. Its depth should be equal to 1.5 times the width of the doorway.

Views

The porch belongs to the group of light outdoor buildings, so it does not require a reinforced type of foundation. Often, the base for it is free-standing, for example, in the front door or entrance.

Most often, the foundation for the porch:

• pile;
• columnar;
• shallow tape.

If the porch for a private house is planned as a full-fledged structure with stairs, columns, and the material for it is brick, concrete, stone, then it will require a solid foundation. It is built together with the foundation of the house, and it is also connected to it. For example, if it is decided to erect a porch with brick columns on a concrete platform, the fragile foundation simply cannot withstand this structure: it will sag, warp or collapse.

By the type of execution, the porch is:

• open;
• with a canopy or visor;
• covered.

The first type is mainly found in private cottages. Often there is a patio or terrace right behind the porch in these houses. The porch consists of an open platform and steps, of which there may be a different number. If there are more than three of them, the porch should be equipped with a handrail.

Sheds and canopies are not provided, most often this role is performed by an attic or balcony located directly above the entrance group. Or if the house is one-story, the protruding roof can partially take over the function of the shed.

If the porch is equipped with a canopy or canopy, it is located above front door and closes it, as well as part of the area near the house. The canopy can be extended to create a parking lot or recreation area in front of the house. The latter can be equipped with a barbecue or barbecue.

Most often, this type of porch is used when the house has a basement and the front door is high. An interesting non-trivial visor can decorate the facade, as well as perform practical functions.

In the latter version, the entrance group is completely covered with a roof, as is the area near the door. The walls of the house enclose the porch, thus creating a kind of vestibule. The entrance to the house is protected from precipitation and winds.

Today, the achievements of the construction industry make it possible to go beyond the rectangular shape of the porch. Now you can give it a variety of configurations: a semicircle, a polyhedron, even a triangle.

For example, by giving the porch a semicircular shape, you can hide and smooth over unnecessarily sharp corners of the house. Its convenience is that you can climb the steps from either side, since they completely go around the entire porch, providing a comfortable approach to the door. It is better to make them brick or stone (from clinker tiles).

If there is a need to balance the house, you can lay out trapezoidal steps.They are interesting in that they expand, going up. Thus, the upper platform is solid and rather large.

Porch types can be classified according to the size of the upper deck:

• terrace - an open spacious area equipped with railings;
• patio - a platform that does not have railings or other fences, while covered with a canopy;
• the veranda is essentially a glazed terrace;
• vestibule - a small entrance hall that separates the entrance group from the living quarters.

For some reason, the porch area is at a considerable height.

This is due to the following cases:

• If the project provides for a technical floor in the house.
• If the climatic features at the construction site make it necessary to raise the porch. For example, in an area where spring water spills or heavy winter snowfalls are possible, this is a prerequisite.
• Difficult terrain. For example, if the house is on piles, the porch will simply have to be positioned at a considerable height. Then even the most uneven terrain will not become an obstacle. And there will be no need to carry out expensive and labor-intensive earthworks.

Ladders can be located perpendicularly both on one side of the platform, and on two, or encircle it, making it possible to approach the door from any direction.

If there is not enough space in front of the house, the staircase can be placed along the facade or a reversible structure can be arranged. The multi-level terrace also looks original.

The cantilever-supporting structure is most often used for metal stairs... But it is necessary to provide for its construction at the stage of laying the foundation for the house.

If the platform is not wide enough, you can place two small ladders on opposite sides of it.This is the most convenient option if there is very little free space in front of the house.

The most convenient of the stairs is the one whose steps go around the site. For example, if the porch is not large, but the rise should be comfortable.

Than more original solution to decorate the porch, the more interesting the facade will look. Thanks to the taste and idea of \u200b\u200bthe owner, you can create a lively and uncommon architectural composition.

Materials

On modern market a fairly large number of different materials are presented for arranging the porch in front of the front door.

The most common and frequently used are:

• brick;
• concrete;
• wood;
• metal alloys;
• natural stone (granite);
• polycarbonate.

Wood can be used as logs, beams or decking.Most often, entrance groups are equipped with wood. country housesbuilt in the old Russian style. For the hut, erected in the tradition of wooden architecture, it is the log porch that will be authentic.

Wood is also convenient because it is easy to process, it can be given any shape, even the most complex and fancy. Master carvers with extensive experience are able to design unusually beautiful openwork compositions on windows, roof ridge and entrance groups of houses. The porch railings and the fence around the house, which have a similar or identical carved pattern, look very impressive.

The more original and subtle the woodcarver's work, the more effective the result will be.

Do not forget about the need for mandatory processing of wooden elements with a fire retardant against fire and an antiseptic against decay. Then the structure will serve for a long time without losing its attractive appearance.

It is better to use wood species that are difficult to rot.

These are, as a rule, conifers, for example:

• pine is the most budgetary and affordable option, has a light white tint;
• larch is a very durable and reliable breed, but not easy to process, it has an interesting yellow-orange undertone;
• spruce - for street buildings should be used carefully, as it is very susceptible to the destructive effects of moisture;

• cedar - a valuable and expensive material that is used to accentuate details, has a pinkish tint;
• fir is the most fragile and light, almost white coniferous species. It is not recommended to use it for structures requiring strength.

• birch is a very durable species, but it needs special protective treatment, otherwise the wood will crack;
• beech is an expensive wood; individual structural parts are made from it;
• aspen - it is used mostly for the construction of baths due to its high resistance to moisture;
• oak is an ideal material for building "forever", as it is very durable, valuable and expensive.

There are no restrictions on the use of wood in construction. You can build a porch entirely from this material, you can sheathe it with a birch or cedar board or clapboard.

It should be noted that the presence of smooth chiseled figured balusters on the railings and polished steps is a traditional element in Russian architecture, which remains relevant today.

Metal is not as popular as wood, concrete or brick, but it can look just as impressive. Especially if you use forged elements in a vintage style. Most often, metal parts appear in combination with stone, concrete or wood.

This is not due to the fact that the characteristics of the metal are worse than other materials.It's just that its cost is quite high, as is the price. welded works when installing the porch. And here is a wrought iron railing or a frame on the visor, supported by a similar frame for street lamp or a lantern - the options are more budgetary.

If the price of the issue is not a problem for the owner, you can order any forged items from the appropriate craftsmen. The openwork frame on the visor, supported by the same design of the caps on the fence, or the same framing of the lanterns above the door and along the perimeter of the fence look very impressive.

But the metal is extremely susceptible to corrosion, rain and snowfall can quickly render it unusable.

Very often, forged elements are covered with transparent polycarbonate. So they are less susceptible to negative environmental factors, while the beauty and originality of the details are more noticeable.

Any professional forging makes the appearance of the structure a real work of art.

Natural stone is a very special material. He can perform both solo and in combination with any other type of decoration. A granite or marble entrance group has the maximum advantages for a capital structure: strong, durable, beautiful, reliable, and resistant to environmental influences. But it has two significant drawbacks: it is bulky and expensive.

Thanks to achievements modern technologies fake stone production is practically indistinguishable from natural externally. You can only detect a fake by touching it.

Instead natural stone you can use tiles: clinker, sidewalk. They are, firstly, more budgetary than a solid stone, and secondly, they are much more convenient to work with, since they are lighter and each element has its own specific size.

An entrance group made of stone will perfectly decorate a brick house, as well as finished with plaster or panels that imitate stone or brick. It must be understood that the stone porch looks truly monumental, so it is not recommended to design a small house for them.

Brick, like wood, is an affordable and often found material in the design of a porch.They can both trim the finished composition and create a complete structure from it. It weighs a little, is inexpensive, while strong and durable. Moreover, it is easy to operate and operate.

For work on the street, this type of brick is often used, such as clinker. It has enhanced strength. He is not afraid of all the typical environmental factors: rain, snow, temperature drops, direct rays of the sun. It does not lose its attractive appearance for a long time.

There are a large number of color solutions clinker bricks. This allows you to create real masterpieces in porch decor: ornaments, gradients, contrasting patterns or monochrome.

Polycarbonate is the only material that cannot be used for a porch base.It can only be used as a coating. The frame will be metal, wooden bar or brick. Polycarbonate must be used wisely, then you can create an interesting architectural solution from it.

Where can polycarbonate be applied:

• as a coating on forged elements;
• for the construction of a visor over the entrance group;
• you can create a canopy over the porch.

Due to the fact that polycarbonate bends well, structures of various shapes can be created from it.

In most cases, concrete is the basis; on top it is covered with various cladding. This is because concrete itself has an unpresentable appearance and the entrance group, built only from it, will not decorate the house.

However, concrete can be poured into any form of formwork and a large number of different step and porch configurations can be obtained.

There are polished or painted concrete structures that look pretty interesting.

Since uncured concrete is plastic, it is possible to cast elements of any complexity. But the main disadvantage is the extreme weight of the material and the complexity of installation.

Dimensions

What the porch will look like is best planned at the stage of developing a house project. Then you should decide on its size. In addition to the owner's wishes, there are also safety requirements. So, the upper platform should be such that a person can open the door (outward, in accordance with fire regulations), and he does not have to step down a step.

The width, depth and height of the steps are regulated by SNiPs, and none of the parameters should be less than the regulated ones. The same goes for slope angles. As for the configuration and decor - here the owner is free to act in accordance with his imagination.

Design

Regardless of whether the upper porch is located high or low, it can be designed and decorated according to the wishes of the owner. Of course, you need to understand that the railing on the high porch is not only and not so much an element of decor, but an important functional detail: both in winter during snowfalls and ice, and in autumn during heavy rains. On a low porch or a couple of three steps, railings and railings are not an urgent need, but a whim of the owner. Nevertheless, such a fence (posts connected by a chain, for example) can be a decoration of the entrance group, especially in spring and summer.

Depending on the chosen style of design of the entrance group, you can supplement its design with a bench, a hedge, a figuratively mowed lawn, symmetrically broken flower beds, one or two lanterns - there are a lot of options, and each is interesting.

Do not overload the decor with dissimilar details.For example, if forging elements are used in the design of a porch (canopy, visor), it is advisable to support it by using similar elements in the design of a lantern, bench, and caps on the fence. Mixing different styles can create cacophony and tastelessness in the decor.

In addition, it is necessary to take into account the compatibility of materials from which the entrance group is created. The quality should be at its best, because attempts to save money and buy construction material of dubious origin can lead to the rapid destruction of the structure. Therefore, it is better to buy all the components of the entrance group of well-known and well-established manufacturers on the market. Clinker tiles will look great with both concrete posts and wrought iron railings. The brick porch is in harmony with the fence made of a similar material.

It must be remembered that any combination should be treated with caution.Better to draw a sketch - by hand or in computer program, or use one of the huge number of ready-made photos. Because the porch is a significant element of home decoration that catches your eye first.

The adjacent landscape (as well as the general composition of the site) is also important to consider when developing the design project of the entrance group. For a country house in a classic style, stylization for an English garden is perfect - bouquets in pots, mini-flower beds.

In most cases, facing steps on concrete stairs occurs through ceramic tiles or stone, and the latter can be both natural and artificial. The treads can be finished with tiles that have an imperfect rough texture.

In front of the door in a wooden house, you can make a small water staircase. Then you can cover it not with tiles, but with a polished or decking board.

A wooden porch can be decorated in many different ways. Since this material has a very beautiful structure, it does not need to be hidden, but rather emphasized, on the contrary.

If necessary, you can cover it with varnish, special oil or paint.

Style

Any entrance to the house is the widest field for experiments in decoration, whether it be three steps or a full wide staircase. How to decorate a porch in different style solutions - we will consider in this section.

A country-style entrance lobby will look best in wooden version and the material should look like it has never been exposed to machining... It is important to leave the natural curves at the tree trunks on the railing or railings, while, of course, they should not remain chipped, rough, that can leave splinters and injure someone who will move up the stairs.

The porch, decorated with columns in greek style, can look very interesting, especially in warm climates. It is best to plant antique portals with flowers and evergreen shrubs (cypress, thuja, laurel). Stone clinker tiles on a low porch with a spacious area will be an ideal complement to the composition, as well as a gable canopy supported by columns.

The colonial style of the entrance lobby with deliberately rough-cut stone will beautifully complement a house made of similar material. Such a porch near a house with a pitched roof or a round roof looks especially original. The house becomes like a fortress or castle, and the entrance group organically complements the composition. Neither luxury nor pretentiousness is inherent in this style, but it looks really impressive and solid.

The entrance group, for which the Mediterranean style was chosen, will look best near the house in warm climatic latitudes. Descending wide white marble steps directly to the sea or pool is truly gorgeous. Columns and amphora pots with southern flowers and plants planted in them will add sophistication to the composition.

The Russian style is, first of all, beautifully processed wood. Neither brick, nor stone, and even more so plastic are inappropriate in it. Only wood, if possible - carved. There are several ways of decorating buildings in the Russian style - this is a log hut and a princely tower. Railings with balusters, a carved fence, a visor with an openwork pattern - these are all integral components of this style.

Scandinavian style is the complete opposite of pretentious Russian.There are no unnecessary details, while all the requirements of convenience and comfort are met. The seeming simplicity of this style hides the thoughtful organization of all the little things. As a rule, white stone or tiles are used, the fence posts are also stone or concrete.

Provence style will perfectly support wooden ladder threaded. It is recommended to paint it in white color, it is good if the paint cracks a little.

Forging elements will look great in the chalet style: a lantern, caps on the fence, railings and posts.

Foundation

When decorating the entrance group, it is logical to use the same material from which the house is built. That is, a porch made of wood will suit a log or log house, and a porch made of brick will suit a brick one.

When constructing steps and a platform, it is necessary to waterproof the extension elements, because otherwise they will suffer from the influence climatic conditions... In addition, it is necessary to drain the soil; for this, special trenches are dug for drainage and water is pumped out.

Before finishing the construction of the porch, you need to make sure that the door can be opened even after a heavy snowfall. And for this, the site should be lower than the entrance door, by about 5 cm. If there is no canopy above the entrance group, you can build a site with a slight slope - up to 5 degrees to ensure the outflow of water. If there is a canopy or visor, it is not necessary to arrange the slope.

Than more house, the more impressive the porch will be required and, accordingly, the foundation for it.It is best to lay it at the stage of building a house simultaneously with the general foundation of the house, especially if it is planned to arrange a veranda or patio on the upper platform.

If you do not make the base under the porch, then it may sag shortly after manufacturing.

There are several options for the foundation for the porch:

• tape;
• pile;
• columnar;
• from slabs.

The most common type of base is tape. It is chosen by both experienced builders and beginners in this matter. It is easy to build, since the technology of the device is simple, and little building materials are required for this.

It is more difficult to arrange a pile type, you will need reinforced concrete piles. Their ends are sharpened in order to make it easier to install them to the desired depth.

Laying a columnar foundation is quick and easy, since the columns are placed close to each other at the corners of the porch and at the places where the walls intersect.

The most difficult and expensive option is a slab foundation. First, it requires a large number of activities: from preparing the pit to laying the reinforced slab on the prepared "cushion" of sand and gravel.

It is important to remember that the wider and larger the porch is planned, the more solid the base under it should be.

The process of laying the foundation should go along with the construction of the house.If the foundations are laid at different times, then they will settle at different rates. Structures can be "led" in different directions, which will lead to the formation of cracks. To avoid this, you need to use high-quality cement.

In order for the structure to serve longer, you need to take care of the thermal insulation of both the porch itself and the base under it. This is especially true for large, solid entrance groups. It is equally important to correctly calculate the depth for its laying.

In most cases, a foundation under the entrance group is needed.There is hardly a person who has built a house, who has invested in this a lot of time, effort and, to be sure, money, who wants to watch how his creation is being destroyed just because he was too lazy to put it on a high-quality and reliable foundation.

The fashion for non-standard architectural forms is back. And every home owner wants to give his mansion originality and originality. This can be done by building a porch. This architectural element will add elegance to the entrance group of the house, enliven the general appearance of the building, and will also serve as protection from snow and rain.

But what kind of extension should you choose so that it blends harmoniously with the exterior of the mansion? What can be a porch in size, shape, configuration, type and style, we will consider in this article. And the most worthy porch options country house photos from our gallery will demonstrate clearly.

The device and purpose of the porch

The veranda for the house has become such a common household item that few people think about its role. The main purpose of the extension is to make visiting the home more comfortable for a person.

Since the porch is the center of the facade of the building, it must be made as attractive as possible. Often it is erected after the construction of the house, so you should take care of its compliance with the style of the mansion. For this, a draft of the porch of a country house is being drawn up.

On a note: the more harmonious the overall picture, the more worthy the veranda itself will look.

Photo of the front porch of a private house - classic design

Varieties of extensions

Modern types of porches for the house are elegant and comfortable structures made of modern building materials that decorate the entrance to the house, making it original and functional. The annexes can be classified into several categories.

The size

The first thing to consider when drafting a porch for country and country houses, cottages, small summer cottages is their size. It is determined by the dimensions of the mansion, as well as building codes (minimum width 150 cm, length 180 cm). For small house a small porch of a simple configuration is suitable, corresponding to it in style and proportions.

Small extension with neat semicircular steps

A medium sized concrete structure is suitable for a standard home. Its height is selected individually, based on the dimensions of the mansion.

Openwork metal forged porch

A luxurious mansion has a large porch. It can be low (with a ladder of only 1-3 steps) and be located along the entire length of the wall of the house.

A large terrace for a house made of wood is a great place to relax

Advice: having calculated the optimal dimensions of the extension, they are included in the construction plan.

If the building is located on uneven terrain, for a convenient approach to it, a porch of a house with a high base is constructed. Since the platform is located at a certain height, a staircase with a large number of steps must lead to it, equipped with handrails for safe descent along it.

High entrance porch of a private house, photo

On a high porch, rounded columns will not be superfluous. They will serve as supports to support the canopy over the outer door.

Advice: using design techniques, the columns can be turned into decorative elements that decorate the front entrance of the house, giving it style and respectability.

High front porch in concrete with columns

The form

If we regard this structure from the point of view of aesthetics, then it is almost impossible to find two identical porches. Today you can find verandas of various shapes:

• rectangular;
• square;
• trapezoidal;
• semicircular;
• round;
• asymmetric.

Consider: the shape of the porch is selected individually, in accordance with the overall design of the facade. Square and rectangular extensions have clear lines and give the house austerity and neatness, and round - softness and warmth.

Rectangular and square views of the porch of a private house, photo

Looks unusual and peculiar semicircular porch... With this simple technique, the mansion can be made more original. The photo below shows a semicircular porch to a brick house.

On a note: it is not at all necessary that the whole structure has the shape of a circle - a rounded canopy, or steps with rounded edges, is enough.

Add spice to the architecture of the cottage by adding a porch in a semicircle, photo

A corner construction will also be a non-standard solution. A round porch located on the corner of a rectangular house looks very impressive.

Lateral round structure accentuates the exterior of the building

The corner street extension can be not only round, but also trapezoidal, triangular. The complex geometry of the structure should not be discordant with the main structure, but create a single concept with it.

An example of the original corner porch of a private house, photo

Accommodation in relation to home

The porch can be located in different ways in relation to the mansion. So you can build an attached structure - a horizontal platform with steps, located in front of the entrance to the house.

Attachable design for summer cottages with a semicircular visor

The built-in porch, which has a common roof with the house, looks elegant. Such a combined extension should create a single architectural ensemble with a mansion and an adjoining site.

Cozy inner veranda can be used as a seating area

Materials

When developing a porch design, you can choose any materials that match the style of the house, from traditional (wood and natural stone) to more modern (concrete, metal, brick).

Type

In construction, there are several structural types of porches. The open structure is an extension with a small platform, not equipped with a canopy and railings. This design is used in places that are used mainly in the summer (for example, in the country).

Advice: open structures should not be erected on an area where precipitation often falls.

Open porch with semicircular granite steps

A structure equipped with a roof or canopy is a covered structure. It has no walls, only railings that shield the extension from the street.

Outdoor covered building

A structure with walls or glass panels and a canopy is called closed. The room is a full-fledged veranda, it can have lighting and heating and can be used as a gazebo.

Original glass covered porch brick house, Photo

A type of closed extension is a porch with a vestibule. This is a construction of a small area, which provides a comfortable microclimate for the home.

On a note: vestibule - transition zone on the border with the street, which protects housing from the cold.

Photo of a closed porch to the house as a vestibule

A popular type of extension is a porch-veranda. It is a place for leisure and recreation, and can be closed or open.

Closed polycarbonate porch - modern design

A wooden veranda will be a harmonious addition to the cottage made of natural wood. And if the extension is closed, it will only improve the thermal insulation of the mansion.

Small closed porch of a wooden house, photo

If the mansion has more than one floor, then the porch can be connected to the balcony. In this case, columns can act as a connecting element. In the same way, you can combine the site with a bay window - the protruding part of the second floor.

Porch with bay window under the balcony

A spacious porch-terrace can be used as a place to relax. The large area can accommodate a table, chairs and even sun loungers.

An open terrace with a porch is arranged under common roof with home

A variant of the unconventional design of the structure is a mini-gazebo on the terrace. Plants and comfortable furniture can make the building more comfortable.

Round porch-gazebo

Extensions can differ not only in purpose and design, but also in the design of the stairs. A staircase with one flight is considered standard, but there are other varieties.

Staircase with a march on two sides

The exit to the site can be organized even from three sides, and the staircase itself can be semicircular or complex geometric shapes.

Note: the canopy and railings not only perform practical functions, but also serve as elements of decoration and decoration of the entrance group of the mansion.

Beautiful staircase erected in a semicircle

Stylistics

In order for the extension to be in harmony with the house, it is better to think over its design in advance. So a stone structure can be decorated in the style of a medieval fortress. For its decoration, facing stone, forging can be used.

Play on contrasts - decorate the stone structure with fresh flowers

Adherents of strict lines and symmetry will love the classic design of the extension in the European style. Its components are a glass door, openwork grilles, many colors.

An extension created in the best European traditions

How to make a veranda for a Finnish wooden house? The project of the porch of a wooden house in the Scandinavian style provides for a symmetrical facade with a porch of a simple design (with a canopy and a staircase). And during its design and decoration, they try to preserve the texture of natural wood.

A neat Finnish-style extension

Porch village house made of wood can be decorated in the Russian style. For this, logs are used, as well as carved parts.

Russian style - types of porch of a wooden house, photo

How to build a porch and which structure to choose

The main parameter by which the type and configuration of the extension is chosen is its combination with the mansion. Everything is tedious to plan even at the design stage. So that the structure does not sag, it must be built on a strong and reliable foundation (according to all SNIP standards). A canopy is being built to protect against the weather. Thus, the porch of a mansion is not only an important architectural element, but also a zone of relaxation and comfort.

Outcome

The porch, like a visiting card of the house, can be of any configuration and size. The most important thing is that the structure protects the mansion from cold, bad weather, and also creates a common harmonious architectural ensemble with it.

It is difficult to imagine a private house without a built porch. Its design process can be different. The best option is the casting of the foundations of the house and the porch at the same time. However, they often think about the steps after the building is built.

In this case, the porch is attached, for which three types of materials are used - wood, metal, concrete.

How to build a porch correctly

Many of us are quite capable of attaching a porch to the house with our own hands. When you decide on the direction of the steps (they can go in one, two or three directions at the same time), you need to choose the height of the porch. It is desirable that it be lowered by 50-70 mm in relation to the border of the doorway.

There are two points to consider here:

• blocking exception door leafopening outward;
• preventing water from entering the house after precipitation

Calculating the size of the upper platform

For outward-facing doors, prepare an upper platform with a depth 300-400 mm greater than the width of the door leaf. At the same time, there are GOST requirements - the size of the site must be at least 1.5 times larger than the opening. For example, you installed a door with a width of 900 mm, then the size of the platform should be over 1350 mm.

Step design

When determining the parameters of the stairs, you can focus on the recommended step size of 15-20 cm. If you divide the porch height by this size, you can get the required number of steps.

Of course, you are unlikely to get an integer. Therefore, you can vary the height of the steps within the recommended limit by distributing the surplus between them. Or provide a small step at the very beginning of the stairs. But the width of each segment can be in the range of 30-40 cm.

There are also the following recommendations: if you add up the tread value with twice the step value, then the result should be 600-640 mm. For example, when designing steps with a height of 175 mm and a tread of 280 mm, the resulting value will be 170 * 2 + 280 \u003d 630 mm, which fully corresponds to the criterion under consideration.

Base selection

The heavier the projected porch for a private house is, the more powerful the foundation is required. If for relatively light wooden and metal structures you can limit yourself to a pile or columnar base, then a concrete or brick structure will require a strip foundation or a monolithic slab.

It is also important to understand whether you will be connecting the foundations of the house and the porch. You need to focus on the characteristics of the extension itself and the characteristics of the soil. If you do not tie, then you need to be prepared for the formation of cracks at the junction, for example, due to frost, which will lead to a distortion of the structure. Further repairs may be required.

A bonded base also does not guarantee the absence of cracks. They can appear in the array of the porch itself. Since not always reinforced reinforcement can cover the difference in the loads of the house and the extension.

This base option is recommended if the structure of the house and the porch is massive enough. For example, when the latter is made of reinforced concrete. In this case, a high-quality bundle is required using reinforcement with a diameter of 12-16 mm, driven into the previously made holes in the foundation. Then the frame is constructed.

Selection of the staircase

Ladders can be built on bowstrings or stringers. For manufacturing, wood, metal or combinations are used, including with concrete.

The bowstring version is suitable for a wooden or small house. The attachment is as follows. The inner surface of the bowstring is connected to the support bars.

For metal parts, welding is used in a horizontal plane, and for wood, simple nailing of bars with the subsequent connection of a step is suitable. It is also permissible to cut grooves in the bowstring to install steps.

The use of kosour can involve the use of open supports. To do this, cut out triangles at the top of the board, the base of which will be the support for the step.

If you have chosen the method of cutting the kosour, then you will need orientation by step height and tread width. It is advisable to connect them at an angle of 90 degrees. Many experienced craftsmen it is recommended to first make a general template, which can be used in subsequent work.

Remember you need to choose the right number of stringers. It depends on the parameters of the ladder itself and the thickness of the board.

For thin boards, more frequent installation of stringers will be required. For example, a 25 mm board assumes a support distance of up to 60 mm. Bending should be avoided.

Porch structures made of different materials

There are several options for choosing the material for the extension. You yourself must decide on the project of the porch, based on the type of house, soil characteristics and your own preferences.

Wooden porch

This is a fairly popular material for the manufacture of this type of extension. Hardwoods such as oak are recommended. Larch, spruce and other conifers are also suitable for you. True, a special impregnation is required.

First, the carrier beam... In it, teeth are preliminarily cut out, on the horizontal edges of which steps are placed. This beam is called a stringer and serves as an additional support. A distance of 500 mm is left between the stringers. Their number will depend on the intervals specified by the project.

To arrange the bowstrings, take a thicker board. The two bowstrings must be held together with crossbars. In the interval, stringers are attached to the beams.

Sawing the edges, on which the steps will be fixed, is done using a square. Errors can lead to subsidence and swelling of the steps.

The width of the step should provide comfort to residents. And their number is preferably odd - so you get an additional stiffener. Well, don't forget about the railings. Their presence is desirable if the number of steps is more than three.

The overhang is determined by the overall design. If you have glazing or reliable protection from bad weather, then his presence is optional. But at the same time, the overhang itself allows water to drain onto the plane of the lower step, excludes falling into the grooves after rolling down the riser.

When you mount the porch to a wooden house on the foundation, you can form a small trench by pressing on the lower beam of the stringer. Of course, if the concrete has not yet hardened. This will increase the strength of the ladder. For the arrangement of the upper platform, a board is taken with convenient dimensions. It is necessary to accurately adjust the joints, to exclude the occurrence of deformations in the future.

Metal construction

This extension looks quite elegant. But you will need to know how to work with welding equipment and use standard parts. Moreover, the cost will not be too high. Although the use of forged parts will lead to a rise in cost and require pre-ordering of forging elements.

A simplified version of the design is mounted using channels and corners. And then the filling material is installed, for example, wooden boards or high-strength chipboard.

Channel bars are fixed parallel to each other. The distance is selected in accordance with the projected step length. A corner is made to the size of the steps. It is advisable to provide a margin of up to 1 cm additionally along the edges for the seam.

Similarly, a part of the corner is cut off, corresponding to the height between the steps. Then in the form of the letter "G" they are connected by welding and attached to the channel. At the exit, metal skew-angles are obtained, which are connected in pairs by corners.

Use of concrete

The structure to be manufactured will be connected directly to the foundation. Each step requires high-quality reinforcement to avoid material destruction. First, the formwork is created for the bottom step. It is recommended to make the height of the first step more than the rest by 15-20 mm.

Subsequent elements are made in the same way as laying the foundation. Each of them is reliably reinforced with a mesh, and the transition to the next level is carried out after the concrete has dried on the previous level. Then, a rough tile or stone is laid on top of the concrete.

You can appreciate the benefits of using each type of material from the photo of the porch. Appearance, the quality of the structure and the strength in operation are important factors in the choice of the design solution.

Arrangement of the visor

The owner of a country house can decorate his home if he builds a canopy over the porch of the house. This element will be an excellent weather protection. And you can use metal pipes, a wooden beam for the frame. The cladding is also made of metal, wood and plexiglass.

The visor is attached to the piles pre-installed in the base. Tiles or metal sheets are often used for covering, although polycarbonate is now gaining popularity. Be sure to provide a slope, on the lower edge of which a groove is attached by welding.

Even a novice master can make a porch with his own hands. It is necessary to correctly design this structure and carry out the work in stages, adhering to the basic instructions.

Photo of the porch to the house

Do you want to build your own porch? No problem! Whether concrete, even wooden, or metal, choose any. In this case, the metal will be made with a beautiful canopy roof made of

Building a concrete porch

Reliable, durable and generally solid construction.

Choosing sizes

Sizes of steps: a - normal; b - cross-country

Usually the porch consists of several steps. Our task is to choose the best construction dimensions.

The optimal width of the stairs is 80-100 cm. If possible, the width should be increased - this will make the porch more comfortable and beautiful. Reducing is undesirable.

The permissible angle of inclination of the stairs is from 27 to 45 degrees.

Step width, mm	Step height, mm	The angle of inclination of the march, deg.
400	100	14
380	110	16
360	120	18
340	130	21
320	140	23
300	150	25
280	160	29
260	170	33
240	180	37
220	190	40
200	200	45

We make the steps approximately 25 cm in width, 12-20 cm in height, depending on who will use the porch. Children and the elderly? We make the steps lower. Mainly young and energetic users? We can increase the height of the steps.

We equip the upper platform so that it is about 50 mm below the end of the front door.

Fill the foundation for the porch

We dig a ditch around the perimeter of the future porch. Depth - from 50 cm.

We install the formwork around the perimeter of the foundation.

We fill the bottom of the pit with a 20-centimeter layer of gravel and tamp it. Pour a 10 cm layer of sand on top. Spill water for better ramming.

We cover the site with roofing material. We lay a reinforcing mesh (the recommended mesh size is 10x10 cm) and. You can prepare the solution yourself. The proportions are standard:

• cement - 1 part;
• sand - part 3;
• crushed stone - 5 parts.

We pour concrete. We align the fill, pierce it with fittings in several places to release excess air. We leave the concrete for a few days for the initial set of strength.

Prices for cement and base mixes

Cement and base mixes

We install the formwork

We build the formwork for the steps. For this we use thick plywood. The height of the formwork should be 20 cm higher than the height of the future porch.

The principle is simple: we cut out the formwork elements along the height of each step and install them in the appropriate places. We pull the shields together with metal plates, wooden bars or other suitable fasteners.

Important! The side shields need to be reinforced with additional stiffeners.

The steps must be reinforced. In this case, the reinforcement must be laid and installed in all three planes. An even more convenient option is to weld a frame in the form of a future staircase and build a formwork around it. Do as you like.

Fill the steps

Lubricate the inner walls of the formwork with oil. Thanks to this, in the future we will be able to remove it without much effort.

We prepare the solution for pouring in the same way as the mixture for the foundation platform.

We fill the staircase in stages, from the first step. We let each step dry slightly, and only after that fill the next one. In this case, it is necessary to install additional formwork elements from the front side of the steps. In length, these elements must correspond to the width of the stairs. We make the height the same as that of the step itself.

Important! The side of the formwork in contact with must be as smooth as possible.

We carefully level the poured concrete and pierce it with reinforcement in several places.

We remove the formwork in at least 7-10 days. In conclusion, we just have to fulfill finishing steps. We can veneer them with stone or tiles, lay them down and make any other finish at our discretion.

We install the railings at will. The height of the handrails is from 90 cm. You can use the following option. It is also suitable for metal and wooden porches (in this case, we will replace the metal elements with wooden ones).

We install support posts made of metal pipes in the lower and upper parts of the porch. It is advisable to choose the length so that the slope of the railing corresponds to the slope of the stairs. We connect the upper and lower ends of the racks with pipes of a slightly smaller section. We use welding.

The top tube will take over the handrail function. We use any rolled metal to fill the space between our pipes. We install the elements with any gap. In this moment, everything completely depends on your preferences and imagination.

After installation of the structure, we clean the metal elements and prime them in 2 layers. This treatment will increase the lifespan of the railing.

This porch will go well with almost any home.

Making the foundation

In general, the foundation is arranged in the same way as in the case of a concrete porch, with only one difference: at the same stage, you need to install supports for the future visor.

It is better to install supports in each corner of the future visor - this way the structure will be as stable as possible. If the porch is large, we make supports along the length of its walls in increments of no more than 2 m.

Dig holes approximately one and a half meters deep for each support. They will perfectly cope with the role of supports metal pipes... We insert the pipe into the hole and fill it with concrete.

Also, supports can be made from a bursa. The procedure is the same, but first, the lower part of the timber must be wrapped with roofing material or tarred and additionally impregnated with an antiseptic.

At the same stage, we install supports for the future staircase. In the same way, we dig holes, put metal racks in them and pour concrete. It is unlikely that the porch will have too long stairs, so it will be enough to install supports at the bottom and top of the structure. For more confidence, we can install them in the middle of the span.

The further procedure, up to the stage of pouring concrete, remains the same as in the instructions for arranging a site for a concrete porch.

At the stage of pouring, we take into account that we will need to slightly drown the staircase structure in the solution. We fill it not up to the very top of the site - we leave about a 100-300 mm gap (depending on the dimensions of the structure being equipped and its features).

Then, after installation metal structure, we will fill the pit to the very top.

Drawing according to the plan of the house

Cook the ladder

We take two metal channels. We weld them to the previously installed and concreted supports. In the future, we will weld steel for steps to these products.

We take an equal metal corner. We cut it to the selected length of the steps, increased by the length of the weld. We weld a metal corner along the contour.

We get products in the shape of the letter G. We connect them together. At the top, we connect these G-elements using an equal angle corner. To do this, we weld it along the contour to both products, placing the shelves inward. To connect the bottom of the steps, we use a similar corner, but place it already with shelves outward.

To fill the steps, we can use different materialsuch as wood and plywood. We fasten it with self-tapping screws, screwing them from the bottom side. For additional fastening of wooden elements, we use silicone and ordinary glue.

In general, finish the stairs at your discretion. If you wish, you can not close up the horizontal openings, but simply mount the cladding directly on the steps.

Prices for popular models of welding machines

Welders

We make a visor

We installed the racks for the frame at the stage of arranging the foundation. Next, we work in this order.

We install transverse supports according to the dimensions of the frame. If desired, we can make a curved canopy. To do this, it is enough to cut the profile with a step of about 4 cm and bend it to the desired level. The advantage of the curved canopy is that precipitation and various debris will not linger on it.

We put it on the frame and fix it with self-tapping screws. We maintain a fixing step equal to 300 mm. We glue the edges. This completes the canopy.

Building the foundation

- the best solution for a wooden house porch. Such a foundation is simple and quick to set up, but at the same time very reliable.

Digging holes at the pile installation points - in the corners of the future porch and along the length of its edges with a step of 80-100 cm. The depth of such holes is from 80 cm. Optimally - below the freezing point of the soil.

We treat the support bar with an antiseptic, wrap its lower part with roofing material, and then insert it into the pits. Fill the vertically aligned timber in the pits with concrete.

Let the concrete harden and proceed to further activities.

We mount the lags

If necessary, we cut off the tops of the timber so that all the piles are at the same level. We calculate the height of the supports so that after laying the site between it and the entrance door, there is about a 5-centimeter difference in height.

We attach the logs to the supports and the wall of the house in a suitable way (with a self-tapping screw, dowels, etc., depending on the wall material).

Making a kosour (bowstring)

We are starting to manufacture the bearing part of the stairs. We will attach the steps to it. That is, the bowstring is the side edge of the steps.

To make a bowstring, we use wooden boards with a thickness of 5 cm. We take a board and draw steps on it. We cut out the blanks with a jigsaw or a saw.

We fasten the bowstring with the lags with a thorn-groove connection.

We decorate the platform and steps

We fasten or nail the planks of the site to the logs. If desired, lay on top of the boards some topcoat - we focus on our preferences.

We attach risers and treads to the string. We begin to work from the bottom step. The procedure is simple: we fix the riser, fix the tread on it and so on until the end. For fixing, we use self-tapping screws or a thorn-groove connection.

Equip the railing and visor at your discretion. The installation instructions for these elements were given earlier. The sequence remains the same, it is only necessary to replace the support elements and cladding parts with similar products made of wood or other preferred material.

Prices for various types of building boards

Construction boards

Happy work!

Video - Do-it-yourself porch at home