To learn how to connect metal pipes without welding, you need to study in detail the methods of connecting these pipe-rolling materials. The thing is that pipelines are a complex structure from a series connection of pipe-rolling assortment, measuring equipment, which are provided for in the project.

Docking can be done using various methods. When choosing optimal solution focus on the purpose of the highway and the conditions of its use. The diameter of the pipe-rolling assortment is also taken into account.

When laying a line, the connection method may be different. Some of them can be one-piece, but dismantling with subsequent re-assembly of the structure is possible.

And there are monolithic joints that cannot be disassembled without destroying the structure. Welding has gained the greatest popularity among monolithic joints. But, this is far from the only method that allows you to connect pipeline sections, there are others.

Despite the high popularity of plastic, steel products are still used today. Welded fastening is used very often, but such a joint is impossible without special knowledge and skills. Therefore, many are trying to use options that allow you to connect in a different way.

Mounting with threaded connection

How to connect iron pipes without welding will be discussed further, and in this article you can find out. To do the docking, this method is very common.

The threaded joint can be located in such places of the line, where conditions allow constant control of the joint. Moreover, it should be possible to conduct renovation works if necessary.

Most often, the thread is rolled on special equipment, but this work can be done independently.

It is performed in the following sequence:

How to connect without thread and welding

Then you can find out how to connect metal pipes without welding and threading. Speaking about the connection of metal pipe rolls, this method cannot be bypassed, because it is very popular when installation worksoh.

Installation work is performed in the following sequence:

1. Metal pipes prepared for fastening are cut off at the end parts. The cut on them should be done perpendicularly and make sure that it runs smoothly.
2. A sleeve is applied to the connection area. The center of the connecting element must be located exactly in the joint area of \u200b\u200bthe rolled pipe.
3. Markings are made on the pipes with a marker, it will indicate the position of the fitting.
4. Silicone grease is applied to the end parts of the joint.
5. One pipe is inserted into the connecting part according to the mark indicator. After that, the second is placed in the same centerline with the first, and only after that it is attached with a coupling. A marker put down will be a reference point for dressing.

Watch the video

Metal gas connection

• The correctness of the connection is checked as follows. A soap solution is applied to the joint area. When soap bubbles appear on the surface, it is advised to stretch the joint harder.

Joining muffler pipes without welding

If you have a common problem with a rotten flange of the "muffler", then you should think about how to connect the pipes of the muffler without welding. The point is this. In this situation, there are several options.

The first option is to cook. The next option is to buy a new muffler. The third option is to look for alternative exits. In both cases, you have to pay a lot of money. If there is no heavy rust on the muffler, a clamp can be used.

As practice has shown, such clamps have long been used by world-renowned car companies such as Volkswagen and Audi. And it should be noted that these devices in many cases have successfully replaced welding in car repairs.

To join pipes at an angle and for a branch, other types of fittings are installed: elbows, transitional and others. The end parts of the parts for the joint must be cleaned, and the thread must be made with a high degree of accuracy.

To increase the strength of the joint of these products, it is rolled with a strand of flax, only the thread is covered with whitewash before that.

The short threaded portion is characterized by such features. In the area of \u200b\u200bthe two threads at the end, which are called thread runaway, the depth is usually shorter. This makes it possible to provide a more durable joint without welding, without using runners and seals.

The two pieces on the elongated threaded portion can be joined together without welding by means of a squeegee. The first part has a short thread, and the other has a large one. The short one is designed for fastening with a coupling. A sleeve with a locknut is put on the elongated thread. And the large thread allows you to adjust the length of the workpiece.

Squeegees are most often used when repairing a section of a highway that has become unusable. The mating element and the lock nut are driven onto a large thread.

A sealing thread is used to mount the squeegee. It is screwed to the end of the short thread on the metal product.

Sometimes, when installing the squeegee, a bundle of FUM tape is laid between the locknut and the coupling. It is laid in three layers. Such a joint is performed as follows:

1. A coupling and a locknut are screwed onto a large thread.
2. In this case, they also take a sealing thread. It is wound on the end of the coupling, which is tightly fitted with a lock nut.
3. The tourniquet should lie in the chamfer, only this way neither liquid nor steam can leak out.

Speaking about how to connect two metal pipes without welding, it is worth dwelling separately on such an option as Gebo. In parts of the trunk, where the connection is in a hard-to-reach area, this method is quite effective.

The name Gebo received a special fitting. It is placed with the sole purpose of connecting several pipes. All the work can be done quickly and easily. You do not need to do this with a thread.

There is an erroneous opinion that it is dangerous to dock a riser with such a part without welding. But, correctly mounted, this element can withstand very heavy loads. It should also be added here that such a mechanism is highly resistant to the influence of axial forces.

While maintaining the norms temperature regime such a part perfectly holds not only metal products, but also plastic ones.

Using the material outlined above, it is clear how to connect metal pipes without welding. Almost all the proposed methods are suitable for inexperienced craftsmen, and allow you to connect products without expensive welding, which requires high qualifications and special equipment.

A wide variety of pipes are used in modern construction. There is also a large selection of ways to connect them into a single pipeline. Some require the use of specialized equipment and skills, while others can be handled by almost anyone. This article will discuss how to connect two pipes.

We connect metal pipes

Welding metal pipes

There are two ways to connect two metal pipes:

• welding;
• threaded connection.

The first option has been used less and less recently. The fact is that welding requires the use of special equipment - welding machine... Also, such work should be carried out by a specially trained specialist.

The connection itself can be done using various methods:

• transverse butt;
• longitudinal butt;
• one-sided corner;
• double-sided corner;
• socket overlap, etc.

Most of these terms are familiar only to specialists. Therefore, if a decision is made to connect the pipeline using electric welding, then it is better to call the master. The joints themselves are strong and reliable (provided a job well done).

Soldering copper pipes

If copper pipes are used, the brazing method is used. Such pipelines are mainly used in luxury buildings (copper is very expensive). Therefore, here you cannot do without a highly qualified specialist, although if you read the article "Soldering copper pipes with your own hands", then you can try.

The more common way is a threaded connection. Anyone can assemble any pipeline using this method. Wherein assembled structure can be both straight and with turns and bends. For this, a thread is cut at the ends of the pipes and a special lock nut is screwed on.

Manual pipe threading

Threads can be cut both at the factory and at home, because when installing pipelines, you often have to cut pipes, in which case you can do the cutting yourself. For this, most often, use special device - klupp. It is a special, small tool made of highly durable material. By screwing this device onto a pipe, a thread is cut on it.

Klupp

The locknut is screwed onto the pipe joints. The result is a strong and reliable connection. Hemp or fum tape wound on the thread is used as a sealing material.

You can also find a connection without the use of nuts. In this case, fum or tow is wound on the thread and the pipes are screwed into the purchased coupling with an internal thread.

Scheme of installation of a pipeline on a threaded connection

Among the advantages of this method of connecting two pipes can be called its simplicity (all work is carried out without welding), reliability and demountability of the resulting joint. Namely, these properties are needed when creating intra-apartment pipelines.

Connecting pipes made of other materials

Soldering polypropylene pipes

The connection of two pipes made of HDPE and plastic can also be done using welding (in this case, it is called soldering) and using fittings.

When soldering, two methods are used:

1. Butt.
2. Using fittings.

The first option requires special equipment and can be performed by a highly qualified specialist. Butt soldering is used only when installing large-diameter pipelines, therefore, when creating household communications, it is not used. Soldering using connecting elements (electrowelded or special) can be carried out independently.

Compression fittings

But most often they use connections without soldering. For this, special fittings are intended, such as:

• compression;
• reduction.

The first option is used when connecting pipes of the same diameter. Moreover, the pipes themselves can be from different materials.

Reducing fitting

Reducing fittings are used when it is necessary to connect pipelines with different diameters.

The principle of their use is quite simple. A fitting is put on each end of the pipe. Then, using wrench, the nut is tightened. The result is a strong and detachable connection.

Press fitting for metal plastic pipes

Docking of metal-plastic pipes is carried out in two ways:

1. Compression detachable fitting. During installation, the ends of the fitting are inserted into the pipe. They have rubber seals that hold them securely inside. Then the fitting is pulled together with a collet and secured with a control nut. Such a connection can be subsequently disassembled.
2. Press fitting. This method is used less often, since the joint is one-piece. Fitting shanks are inserted into the pipe. Then, using a special device, the flexible cuff is crimped. The result is a strong and reliable connection.

Having familiarized yourself with the methods of connecting pipes, it remains to choose the product with which it will be most convenient for you to work.

Video

This video shows how to weld metal pipes with electric welding:

See how a plastic pipe is connected to an iron pipe:

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It's simple - How to connect plastic and metal pipes without welding || STROIM-GRAMOTNO.RU

1. Pipe fittings
2. Threaded connection
3. Cutting
4. Difficult option

the entire plumbing system and only from pipes, as you wanted, everything will not work out. heating radiators, heated towel rails are still made of metal. to prevent accidents of leaking joints, you need to know to connect plastic metal welding pipes.

Fittings for PVC and pipes

Times, in stores, the desired element is almost impossible, fortunately, for a long time Therefore, connecting plastic, the need to invent Everything has already been invented, produced is put up for you to reach to pay for the purchase, it is too expensive for you to bring home. the main thing is to buy what you and the metal pipe.

By the way, fittings designed specifically for the joints of a metal plastic pipe are high-quality products that are enough for you, provided you can install them correctly.

threaded

Since plastic and pipes without a few can be the most popular to begin with.

So, you have a metal pipe, on its own thread for another And for the question, how is it from a plastic, thread that has, you again buy it in the store. Fitting, you will purchase this, which is a coupling, in which a threaded sleeve is fused into one. Please note that American women are for different connected pipes.

In this, the connection of metal plastic pipes is as follows:

1. using a special pipe soldering iron, weld onto the pipe. cooling the joint.
2. a metal pipe, to from the other and twist it with it.To seal, you can use
3. Turn on the water and make sure it doesn't leak. turn off the leak again, unscrew the nut, repeat the old FUM tape again.

Cutting

Carving dies

If your pipe is not on (this happens, you decide on a new plastic pipe available in or in an apartment), you will have to thread first. Do this using a thread called a thread cutter. They are also electric. you will only depend on its presence for you.

The electric threading machine is not from So if you need it for one or two times at a time then rent from someone, do not buy. True, it is easier for them than with a lerk, so you do not practically apply any effort (for holding the pipe, it is true if it comes out of you.) The set of the thread cutter includes types of lers, for different pipes.

Pay attention If the distance of the pipe to is too small, you can simply put on the pipe. besides, it is fast enough for you to take breaks from work, cutting into several

Regardless of which threading device you use, there are those that are necessary to get the result of the neat required length:

1. the beginning of work must be cleaned with the existing paint.
2. If the pipe surface is dripping with metal, it is imperative
3. Using manual, try not to do first forward, then backward, repeat everything until you have a thread on your length.

option

Clamping sleeve

The connection with the help of guarantees a sealed, however, when pondering, to connect the plastic metal welding pipes, there are times when you refuse the path. It usually happens because the metal is too long or located to and you cannot cut a thread.

This will have to use difficult option, it is considered by some to be unreliable. In fact, this is so, and you are all right, the plastic and the pipes will last long enough.

connection of two you will need a Quick coupling (made in Poland):

1. Clear metal pipe old paint.
2. in the hands of the coupling, disassemble its elements.
3. Consistently onto the metal parts of the coupling. from sealing to end should be less than 10
4. Gently insert the metal tube into the connecting body, then slide it all the rings and nut.
5. So the coupling of the reverse side is a thread, then you can connect the metal with the American, to the pipe

Choosing this connection, not that Quick couplings are available in different diameters And if you have a coupling on a pipe, then, rather, you bought the wrong one

Well, to check how much you tightened on the pipe, pull on holding the second pipe so as not to pull it out of the wall, should not be along the pipe.

records

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How to connect two pipes of the same diameter: actual ways of self-realization

In this article, we will look at the instructions for connecting one-size pipes made from various materials... The topic of the article is interesting, since there is a wide range of different pipes on the market, which differ from each other not only in operational and technical characteristics, but also different methods connections into a single system.

But, before considering the features of the installation work, we will consider what types of plumbing accessories can be purchased.

In the figure, a threaded connection of heating pipes made by means of a coupling

Classification

Collapsible connection shaped pipes bolted in greenhouse construction

All water pipes, in accordance with the production materials used in their manufacture, are divided into the following categories:

• metal modifications;
• polymer modifications;
• metal-plastic products.

Important: Each of these modifications is represented on the market by a wide range of products, which are characterized by a particular connection method. Therefore, when planning the installation of a water supply system in your apartment or country house, you need to take the utmost responsibility to the choice of materials and methods of connection, since the price, durability and appearance finished system.

So, let's look at how the mixer is connected to the pipe independently.

Docking metal pipes

Threaded connection on steel water pipes

During the installation of metal (cast iron, steel and copper) plumbing and heating systems, threaded and welded joints are used.

Let's take a closer look at each of these methods:

1. Threaded installation, by the way, also includes the connection of pipes by an American, this is a technology that allows you to assemble water pipes from elements with the same cross-sectional diameters.

To do this, a thread is cut at the ends of both pipes, on top of which a special metal sleeve is screwed - a fitting. By means of special fittings it is possible to assemble both straight and curved water supply and heating systems.

The fitting used on such structures has an internal thread, while an external thread is cut on the pipes. If the fittings for installation are purchased with already cut threads, then you will have to cut them on the joined elements with your own hands using dies.

Among the advantages of the technology, we note the strength and durability of the finished result. In addition, the threaded fitting, if necessary, can be unscrewed and the entire structure can be disassembled in order to eliminate the damage or redo it.

Important: Typically, the threads on pipes and fittings are standard. But if accessories of foreign production are purchased from little-known brands, you need to make sure that the product will correspond to the metric type of thread.

1. Installation of plumbing systems using welding is rarely used. The main disadvantage of a welded joint is the impossibility of making it with your own hands, since a professional welder with special equipment and experience in using this equipment can cope with such work.

For the installation of two one-size pipes, the following types of welded joints are used:

• transverse butt (without boring or with internal boring) with a backing ring;
• longitudinal butt (without bevel or bevel) with one-sided seam;
• transverse butt joint with one-sided seam;
• one-sided corner;
• double-sided corner;
• socket overlap.

Butt joint is the most common, since the finished result is characterized by high strength, provided that the abutting elements are correctly centered.

If a water supply system with an inner diameter of up to 500 mm is assembled, a one-sided seam is cooked, the strength of which is quite sufficient. If the diameter is larger, the root of the seam is welded from the inside, as a result of which the strength of the joint increases.

The welded seam is considered the optimal type of connection for the installation of industrial water supply systems, but in everyday life it is used extremely rarely due to the high cost of the finished version and the cramped conditions for using a welding machine.

Soldering copper components is a technology used in the assembly of premium plumbing systems.

The installation principle is as follows:

• the ends of the abutting elements are cleaned and covered with solder;
• peeled and covered with solder inner surface fitting;
• the pipe is inserted into the fitting and heated by the burner;
• after the solder cools down, a strong and durable sleeve joint is obtained.

Types of connection of polymer products

In the diagram, the phased connection of corrugated pipes

If the question is how to connect HDPE pipes, then in this case installation is much easier than assembling a metal water supply system. No threads are cut on plastic, and installation is carried out in two ways: by soldering or using fittings.

1. The connection of HDPE pipes using fittings is popular in the assembly of domestic water supply and sewerage systems. The relevance of the method is not surprising, since fittings, regardless of modification, can be installed even by a novice plumber.

Fittings, according to their design features, are divided into the following categories:

• The crimp versions are simple yet effective and versatile mounting accessories. For installation, special pliers are used to evenly distribute the applied force along the entire perimeter of the crimp sleeve.
• Press fittings are the most reliable, as they guarantee complete absence of leaks.

The figure shows the connection PVC pipes using compression fittings

Hello dear visitors. A long time ago, back in the days when in Russia, the use of the CW radio band was just allowed, an unpretentious antenna was urgently needed. Naturally, the simplest and not requiring CS (matching devices) is the GP. At our disposal were pipes from the old "Wave Channel" and a broken clamshell.

It was necessary to connect three tubes into a single whole, i.e. get a pin 2.7m long. The inner diameter of the tubes from the clamshell was 2mm larger than the outer diameter of the tubes from the old antenna. This is where the idea came up to use a split pipe, which could have an inner diameter that was either larger than the outer diameter of the pipes being connected, or less. In the first case, it is necessary to make a cut in the branch pipe of such a width that, when the branch pipe is compressed with clamps, it would tightly squeeze the pipe being connected.

Tubes connected in this way have good electrical contact. The connection is strong. If necessary, the entire system is very quickly disassembled. I hope everything is clear from photos 1 and 2. Photo 1 shows just one of the GP antenna nozzles, traces of old clamps are visible. In this way, you can also connect wooden parts.

Support for branches

Using such a connection (see photo 3), you can make collapsible, lightweight supports under the branches fruit trees... The stores sell rake cuttings that are 1.2 ... 1.5 meters long, with a diameter of 3 to 4 cm.


Using a couple of these cuttings, a couple of worm clamps, and a split pipe made of aluminum tube of a suitable diameter, you can make an excellent support. Another advantage of such a connection is the ability to tighten the clamps when, for example, the cutting wood dries out. A couple of turns of a screwdriver - and the connection becomes rigid again. Sometimes the cuttings of shovels break, especially when they are made of birch, and there is no new one at hand, in this case, you can also apply such a connection at the break point. It turns out a kind of bandage.

Repair of a braid for grass

For three years my braid broke at the scythe in the place where the handle was cut. Transplanting a braid is a very serious and painstaking business. I remembered the split pipe again. I thought temporarily, but it turned out like the Russians. The braid broke so much that I had to shorten it, so instead of a split pipe, I used a tube with cut ends. This is how it looks.

17330 0 7

Size matters: how to connect two pipes of the same diameter

In this article I want to talk about the methods of connecting pipes, first of all - hermetic, used in the installation of water supply and sewage systems. The material is of an overview and is intended only to acquaint the reader with a variety of editing methods: I deliberately will not mention the subtleties of technology and recommend this or that tool. So, let's go.

Steel

Despite the abundance of polymer pipes, black and galvanized steel is still in demand in the housing sector and in the installation of high-pressure lines. The methods used for joining elements of steel pipelines largely depend on the cross section of the pipe.

Electric welding

Diameters: any, pipe wall thickness: from 0.5 mm.

When welding with high currents, it is easy to burn through the walls of a thin-walled pipe; a decrease in current leads to sticking of the electrode. Therefore, electric welding of thin metal requires a certain skill.

Advantage: Arc welding is the only way to join large diameter pipes with significant wall thickness, providing acceptable weld strength. Automated welding is used in the production of seam pipes and in the installation of pipelines.

Disadvantage: a tight seam is almost impossible for a beginner to perform. Pipeline welding requires the highest qualifications.

Technology:

As usual, there are a number of nuances:

• The chamfer can only be removed from the outside of the pipe or from the outside and from the inside. Thick-walled pipes of large diameters are welded on both sides;
• When welding pipes of small diameters, the lashes must first be grabbed at two or three points and aligned along the common axis, then proceed to weld the seam around the entire circumference. Due to uneven heating, the seam area leads noticeably;
• Welding can be carried out with a continuous supply of argon to the arc region. Inert gas completely eliminates weld oxidation.

Minor leaks on cold water supply lines can be eliminated by rubbing the hot seam with a piece of bitumen. Thanks to the capillary effect, it instantly fills the pores with melt. On hot water this instruction is useless: when reheated, the bitumen will melt again and be forced out of the pores.

Gas welding

Diameters: up to 100 - 150 mm.

Pipe wall thickness: up to 3-4 mm.

Dignity: undemanding to the experience of the welder. I got a tight seam after just a few hours of practice.

Disadvantage: inability to gas-boil thick-walled pipes. The burner is simply unable to warm up their walls until the edges are melted.

Technology:

1. The pipe is cut perpendicular to the longitudinal axis;
2. An external chamfer is removed from thick-walled pipes (more than 2 mm);
3. The edges of the future seam are heated with an acetylene torch to a bright red glow and fusion of edges;
4. A welding wire is introduced into the torch, the melt of which fills the seam. The melt bath should not solidify: only in this case the seam will be airtight.

A special case

Fixed sutures are welded with a mirror or with an operation suture. In the latter case, a window is cut through the pipe, then the seam is welded from the inside, after which the window is welded again.

Coupling

Diameters: up to 50 mm.

Wall thickness: any.

Advantage: the simplest threaded pipe connection, which can be connected in series and rotated around the longitudinal axis.

Disadvantage: the sleeve assembly of the long string excludes the disassembly of a separate connection. The pipes have to be unscrewed from the couplings in sequence.

Technology:

1. The pipes are cut at right angles to the longitudinal axis;
2. On lathe or with your own hands, using a die, a short (five threads) thread is cut on both pipes to be connected;
3. A threaded pipe is screwed onto one of the pipes, into which the second pipe is screwed. For sealing, sanitary flax (preferably impregnated with paint or sealant) or polymer sealing thread are used.

Couplings, in particular, were installed in houses with steel water supply lines and served to connect them with eccentrics when installing a wall-mounted mixer.

Squeeze

Diameters: up to 50 mm.

Wall thickness: any.

Advantage: makes the connection of fixed pipes collapsible.

Disadvantage: long squeegee threads are most vulnerable to corrosiondue to the minimum wall thickness and the absence of a protective paintwork. It, being applied, is violated at the first disassembly.

Technology:

1. A short thread (5 threads) is cut on one pipe, a long thread (12-15 threads) on the other;
2. A locknut and a coupling are sequentially screwed onto a long thread;
3. The coupling is driven all the way onto the coiled short thread;
4. Following it, the locknut is driven down, clamping the thread winding in front of the coupling.

Flanges

Diameter: 76 mm or more.

Wall thickness: from 3 mm.

Advantages:

• The connection remains collapsible, including on non-reversible strings;
• The force required for mounting or dismounting is not tied to the pipe diameter. As the diameter increases, the number of bolts tightening the flanges increases;
• Flanges can be used to connect to shut-off valves or to install backing washers. In particular, it is the washers that provide circulation in hot water risers most homes built in the 80s and newer.

Disadvantages: the flange is mounted only by electric welding, which is not always convenient in the field.

Technology:

1. Pipes are trimmed perpendicular to the longitudinal axis;
2. External (and with a large diameter - and internal) chamfers are removed from them;
3. Flanges are welded;
4. After cooling and cleaning the seam, the flanges are pulled together through a rubber, silicone or paronite gasket. The bolts are tightened alternately, criss-cross, one turn at a time. The cost of breaking this simple rule is uneven compression of the gasket and a high probability of leaks during pressure surges.

Compression fittings

Diameters: up to 32 mm.

Wall thickness: any.

Advantages: Extremely easy installation using a hand tool, the possibility of installation on pipes affected by corrosion.

Disadvantage: low tensile strength of the bond.

Technology:

1. The edges of the pipes are cleaned from paint and rust;
2. Then they are inserted into the fitting with the nuts loose;
3. The nuts are tightened. At the same time, they compress the pipe with rubber O-rings, sealing the connection.

A special case

Compression fittings are also used for installing corrugated stainless steel pipes. However, in this case, the strength of the connection is not inferior to the strength of the pipe itself: it can withstand pressure up to 50-65 atmospheres. The secret is simple: the silicone seal of the fitting does not compress the smooth surface, but the crest of the corrugation, so it is almost impossible to pull it out of the tightened fitting.

Many fittings use an optional split retaining ring for the ridge.

American

Diameter: up to 32 mm.

These are the sizes of American women I've seen on sale. Perhaps they are made for diameters of 40 - 50 mm, but I have not seen such offers in the assortment of local construction and online stores.

Wall thickness: any.

Advantages: extremely fast connection disassembly... To open the pipeline, just unscrew the union nut.

Disadvantage: connecting pipes with an American requires preliminary threading.

Technology: the halves of the disassembled American fitting are screwed onto the coiled threads of adjacent pipes, after which they are pulled together with a union nut. The tightness is ensured by an O-ring rubber gasket.

Crabs

The so-called crabs are steel plates that allow bolting of round and profile pipes. They are used in the assembly of greenhouse frames, racks (trade, for tools, etc.) and other structures that do not require special strength or tightness of the joints.

Pipe sizes: diameter up to 25 mm; sections of shaped pipes up to 20x40 and 25x25.

Wall thickness: any.

Advantages: allow for quick assembly and disassembly using a pair of open-end or ring spanners; allow for multiple reuse of fasteners and pipes.

Disadvantage: limited strength.

Technology: the ends of the pipe are clamped between the halves of the "crab", after which they are tightened with bolts and nuts.

Greenhouse collected on "crabs".

Polyvinyl chloride

PVC pipes are known primarily as the most affordable solution for indoor and outdoor installation. However, pressure head pipes are also used for the installation of water pipes.

O-rings

The connection of PVC pipes using O-rings is practiced both in free-flow sewerage systems and in pressure pipelines. The only difference is the thickness of the pipe walls and the force required to undo the socket.

Diameters: 50 - 600 mm.

Wall thickness: any.

Advantages: pipes are supplied completely ready for connection installation, with O-rings installed. When trimmed to size for installation, couplings with two counter-directional flares are used.

Disadvantages: great effort required to assemble the joint with a large pipe diameter; the possibility of spontaneous undocking of the connection.

Technology:

1. Factory pipe ends are ready for joining. On cut-to-size pipes, burrs are cleaned and the outer chamfer is removed;
2. A small amount of liquid soap or silicone grease is applied to the pipe end and O-ring;
3. The pipe is pressed into the socket.

With a significant effort required for pressing in, the following can be used:

• Clamp and lever systems;
• Loading equipment.

Adhesive connections

They are used for installation pressure pipelines... The glue is a solution of polyvinyl chloride in an organic solvent.

Diameter: up to 110 mm.

Wall thickness: any.

Advantage: the connection is almost as strong as a solid section.

Disadvantage: the connection is made non-separable.

How to connect PVC pipes with glue?

1. The glue is applied to the inner side of the socket and to the end of the pipe with the external chamfer;
2. A smooth pipe section is inserted into the socket and rotates 90 degrees;
3. The connection is fixed until the glue sets (no more than 1 minute).

Polypropylene

The only widely used method of connecting propylene pipes is socket welding... For this purpose, a monolithic polypropylene sleeve is used.

Diameters: 20-110 mm.

Wall thickness: any.

Advantage: the connection is not inferior in strength to a solid pipe.

Disadvantages: a special tool is required (low-temperature soldering iron); the connection is non-separable and can only be cut out.

Technology:

1. The pipe is cut with a pipe cutter or a regular hacksaw;
2. The outer chamfer is removed;

Aluminum foil reinforced PN25 pipe requires stripping of aluminum foil in the welding area. For this purpose, a hand shaver or a drill attachment of a similar functionality is used.

1. The pipe is inserted into a soldering iron nozzle of the corresponding diameter heated to 240 degrees. At the same time, the second side of the nozzle is used to melt the sleeve;

1. The fitting and the pipe are aligned with a smooth translational movement and are fixed until the polymer melt sets. Fixation, heating and cooling times are predictably determined by the cross-section of the pipe. For the convenience of the reader, I will collect all the recommended parameters in one table.

Diameter	Heat	Fixation	Full cooling
20 mm	7 sec	6 sec	2 minutes
25 mm	8 sec	10 sec	2 minutes
32 mm	8 sec	10 sec	4 minutes
40 mm	12 sec	20 sec	4 minutes
50 mm	18 sec	20 sec	4 minutes
63 mm	24 sec	30 sec	6 minutes
75 mm	30 sec	30 sec	6 minutes
90 mm	40 sec	40 sec	6 minutes
110 mm	50 sec	50 sec	8 minutes

Polyethylene

Polyethylene pipes are used:

• For laying pressure sewerage;
• As a material for cold water supply lines;
• When organizing country water supply systems;
• When installing a gravity sewer.

When installing a polyethylene sewage system, the connection of HDPE pipes is no different from that for PVC socket pipes with O-rings.

The black sewer pipe is made of polyethylene.

For pressure water pipelines, two fundamentally different ways installation.

Butt welding

Diameter: 40 to 2400 mm.

Wall thickness: 4 to 70 mm.

Advantage: the strength of the seam reaches 80% of the strength of a monolithic pipe.

Disadvantage: When joining large pipelines, expensive equipment and mechanical or hydraulic alignment and clamping devices are required.

The clamping force of the pipe during butt welding should reach 1.5 kgf / cm. In this case, the cross-sectional area of \u200b\u200bthe pipe cut can be calculated in thousands of square centimeters.

Technology:

1. The pipe is butted only at right angles to the longitudinal axis;
2. The ends to be welded are centered;
3. A heater mirror is introduced between them;
4. After melting, the mirror is removed, and the ends of the pipes are pressed against each other;
5. After the joint has cooled completely, the burr (extruded polymer melt) is mechanically cleaned on the inside of the pipe.

Compression fittings

How to connect HDPE pipes with a small diameter and insignificant wall thickness?

In this case, the already familiar compression fittings are used.

Diameter: 16 - 32 mm.

Wall thickness: any.

Advantages: easy installation without the use of tools, quick disassembly.

Disadvantage: comparatively low tensile strength.

Technology:

1. A union nut, a retaining ring and a rubber or polyethylene seal are sequentially put on the pipe;
2. Its end is inserted into the fitting;
3. The nut is tightened, squeezing the pipe with a seal.

Metal-plastic

Reinforced plastic is two layers of cross-linked (reinforced with cross-links between polymer molecules) polyethylene with a thin aluminum tube between them. There are three connection methods used during installation.

Compression fittings

Diameters: any.

Wall thickness: any.

Advantage: the use of the simplest hand tools. I usually use to assemble a fitting a pair of adjustable wrenches.

Disadvantage: The quality of the connection depends on the correct assembly technology. If the pipe is not calibrated, sliding the rubber o-rings over the fitting will result in leakage after several heating and cooling cycles.

Technology:

1. We cut the pipe with a pipe cutter;
2. Calibrate it and remove the internal chamfer;
3. We put a union nut and a split ring on the pipe;
4. Apply silicone grease to the fitting;
5. Carefully, so as not to displace the O-rings, we put the pipe on the fitting;
6. Move the split ring and nut to the fitting until it stops;

1. We tighten the nut until you feel resistance.

Press fittings

Their only difference from previous decision - the fact that instead of a union nut and a split ring, the pipe is crimped on the fitting with a stainless steel sleeve.

Diameter: any.

Wall thickness: any.

Advantage: a properly made connection does not leak at any temperature drops.

I suspect that press fittings do not leak just because during their installation professionals are not too lazy to calibrate pipes and chamfer. According to my observations, the connection on the compression fittings assembled according to all the rules is not inferior to the reliability of the press fitting.

The photo shows a plastic tee with two push-couplings and an adapter for pipe thread.

Diameter: any.

Wall thickness: any.

Advantage: easy assembly without the use of tools.

Disadvantages: high cost of fittings, moderate reliability of the connection at break.

Technology: the end of the pipe is inserted into the fitting with a previously loosened nut, after which it is tightened. The pipe is secured with a metal ring with inwardly directed lugs. The tightness is ensured by an O-ring rubber seal.

To connect the pipes of air conditioners in apartments or offices, rolling is most often used. This method is uncomplicated, affordable, and equipment-safe. But sometimes it is necessary to solder the tubes of the air conditioner.

If you have basic technical knowledge, you can replace or re-solder the copper pipe in the air conditioner yourself. Pipes are not included in the package of the device - they are bought in hardware stores. A copper pipe with silver impurities is suitable, which can withstand temperature changes that occur during the operation of climatic systems and does not corrode. Pipe materials withstand high pressure and are not deformed. Chemical composition allows you to preserve the surface layer for a long time, which allows the system to work without the need for repair.

Materials and equipment

Copper-phosphorus solders

The diameter of the pipe is selected based on the power of the device - the more powerful, the larger the diameter. The cost of the pipe is affected by its specifications, manufacturer's brand, metal characteristics. You should not save on pipes, since the service life and quality of the split system depend on this.

Soldering the tubes of the air conditioner begins with the selection necessary tools and materials:

1. Pipe cutter. This tool will allow you to well prepare the end of the part, which will be connected with solder.
2. Pipe bender. To avoid creases and poor permeability, you need to use a special tool so that the diameter does not change, and at the same time, the pipe can be bent at an angle.
3. Metal soldering iron, gas torch.
4. Solder for brazing the copper pipes of the air conditioner.

The cleanliness of the surfaces is of greater importance for the strength and tightness of soldering. But the type of solder must be chosen correctly. Soldering is carried out with hard or soft solder.

The pipe bender avoids kinks while maintaining the pipe diameter

Solders are divided into:

• copper-phosphorus;
• silver.

To solder the aluminum tube of the air conditioner, two types of solder are used at once. For copper tubing, silver ion solder is better than phosphoric solder. This is due to the fragility of the phosphorus substance if the alloy contains more than 10% nickel.

If the solid solder contains cadmium, you need to take care of your health, since the fumes poison the body.

For a high-quality connection of the pipes, a combustible mixture is selected. Check at startup:

1. If the torch is of medium size and uniform of blue color, this means that the gas-oxygen mixture is well balanced in composition. The metal will heat up evenly.
2. The light blue color of the torch indicates that there is more oxygen in the mixture. This will oxidize the metal and develop a dark coating on it.

When expanding the outer tube, observe the required gap, into which the solder will flow. In the absence of such, the connection of the tubes will not be airtight, and freon will flow out under pressure in a matter of minutes.

How copper tubes are soldered - process and rules

Before connecting the air conditioner tubing, it is necessary to clean it with an emery or a wire brush. Residues of grease, earth, paint impair the adhesion of the solder to the metal.

Soldering the tubes of the air conditioner is carried out with the flame of a gas burner. With an optimum gas mixture, the flame simultaneously cleans and heats the tube surfaces, preparing them for connection.

To connect the tubes of the air conditioner by soldering, it is necessary to insert one tube into another for a length equal to or greater than the diameter of the tubes. The gap is between 0.025 cm and 0.125 cm.

The tubes are heated evenly with a burner. For the solder to penetrate the gap, the inside and outside temperatures must be the same. In this case, not only the place of the proposed welding is captured, but also a little further - by 7 centimeters in each direction.

The heated solder rod is dipped into a flux, a thin layer of which protects it from oxide. The smaller the flux layer, the better the soldering is.

After it turned out to solder the tubes of the conditioner, the remains of the flux are cleaned off.

Conditions that are observed during work:

1. The burner must have a flame-retardant function to control the heating process. The overheated tube is deformed and the end has to be sawed off.
2. Flaring is carried out on the pipe that lies towards the going freon, so that there is no friction and resistance at the soldering point. For example: if freon goes to the left, then expand the right side of the tube and vice versa.
3. Since some solders emit harmful gases during heating, ventilation or a respirator must be worn.

Low temperature brazing

The low-temperature mode of joining two metal parts involves heating the main parts below 427 degrees, that is, below the melting point of the base metal. With this method, the metal is less oxidized, and local heating can be achieved. Saves energy and materials. The result is a neat, precise seam.

Features of high temperature brazing

For freon lines, high-temperature brazing is not applicable

The melting point for high-temperature brazing is above 427 degrees, but below the melting temperature of the parts to be joined. The technology differs from the low-temperature one. Vacuum brazing uses soft tin solder. High-temperature technologies are used for joints that will work at high temperatures in the future.

For independent work, a low-temperature regime is sufficient. Not expected in pipes high temperatures freon, but the connection must be tight to avoid refrigerant leakage during operation.

Welding air conditioner tubes

The argon welding method of air conditioner tubes is used when aluminum tubes are worn or deformed. Argon welding is used because heated aluminum is covered with an oxide film when it interacts with oxygen. Argon prevents contact with oxygen and film formation.

The pipe welding method is good for auto air conditioner repair.