The principle of building a high-quality staircase to the second floor in a bathhouse with your own hands. Wooden ladder for a bath: through fire, water and copper pipes How to make a ladder to the bath entrance

If the completed project for the construction of a bath provides for a full-fledged second floor, then you simply cannot do without installing a high-quality staircase. A practical lifting system is relevant if the owner decided to equip a comfortable seating area. A practical staircase to the second floor in the bath must necessarily correspond to the specificity of the structure. For manufacturing, it is necessary to select exclusively high-quality and durable materials.

A sophisticated option for a spacious sauna

Indoor staircase

If the upper floor is used exclusively in the cold season, then you can equip a compact lifting system, which will be located in the annex or veranda. This can save valuable free space in the sauna and also keep warm. If the second tier is used all year round, then the staircase should be located inside the steam room. In this case, the master must necessarily take into account several main factors:

1. An exit on the top floor is best done near one of the walls, as this will help keep the bulk of the free zone.
2. The staircase should be located so that it looks as harmonious as possible on the ground floor and is comfortable to use. Often in saunas, not a full-fledged second tier is built up, but simply built small attic, which is not very convenient for frequent use.
3. Dimensions should be calculated so that operation is as safe as possible.
4. The connection between the two floors should provide the most reliable ascent and descent. A traditional device of small marches is considered an excellent option.

Unusual decorative approach

Common types

Experts identify several categories of devices that are designed to connect two floors within one building.

Models are in greatest demand:

1. on the bolts;
2. on a bowstring;
3. folding;
4. on casing pipes;
5. combined.

The bowstring is considered the basic element - these are steps and powerful side supports. Modern craftsmen prefer to modernize everything. Instead of a classic bowstring, other devices can be used:

• Boltsy. These supports are manufactured in the form of solid bolts from high quality steel. Used in the construction of frameless household lifting devices... Bolts can rely not only on the wall, but also on the railing, side string. Visually lightweight, as it is devoid of bulky elements.
• Kosoura. The bowstring is made in the form of small toothed bases under the steps. This option is actively used in the arrangement of standard flight stairs.
• Retractable / foldable bowstring. The structure is very compact, since the structure can be easily hidden when not in use.
• Long-life casing pipes. These details are often combined with bolts. The versatility of this option allows you to fix a standard spiral staircase.

Important! Among the owners of suburban real estate, the staircase in the bathhouse to the second floor in a limited space made of wood is in great demand. Since the finished structure looks quite stylish and compact.

A great option to save free space

Requirements

The master must take a responsible approach to calculating the width of the march, as well as the depth and height of the steps. Only in this case the staircase will have the necessary safety and comfort. Experts recommend relying on accepted standards, taking into account the free area that is allocated for the construction of the lift.

Basic parameters:

1. For internal placement, the width of the march should be within 75-80 cm.
2. The minimum size should not be less than the required 65 cm.
3. It is most comfortable to use the staircase with a flight path of more than one meter.

These nuances are relevant in relation to straight and swivel stairs. The optimal width and height of the steps is calculated based on the parameters of the human foot.

Since the level of humidity in the sauna is high, the wood material used must necessarily be resistant to the development of putrefactive bacteria. It is best to choose natural raw materials from ash, larch, and wenge. Stainless steel is suitable for creating metal steps. This material is not subject to the development of corrosion and deformation.

The available option is shown in the video:

The stairs must match the characteristics of the room. The master can independently build a durable wood product. In a confined space, it is better to choose L-shaped models.

The installation principle consists of several main stages:

1. Preliminary calculation of the dimensions of the building.
2. Installation of pre-prepared support systems. If a small rotary part is provided, then additional reinforcement is needed.
3. Fixing the bowstring. You can use straight pieces or slightly curved stringers. If the master plans to use a classic bowstring, then you need to prepare the slots in advance in the places of future fixation.
4. Fastening of all steps.
5. In a closed type, additional installation of risers will be required.
6. Experts recommend installing handrails so that the movement is as safe as possible.

Self-assembly

Available options

For a steam room, compact products made of high-quality metal on bolts or pipes are ideal.

But in this case, you need to take into account several important nuances:

1. The interior of the room should be combined with metal elements.
2. Steel ladders are ideal if the lifting structure is located outside the steam room and is not exposed to the negative effects of high temperatures.

They look more stylish, sophisticated. If the room is very small, then you can build a product in the "goose step" style.

Important! For confined spaces, a swivel or straight staircase is ideal, all steps of which are alternately located only on the left or right side. Due to this, you can save free space at the approach height, while maintaining the maximum operating comfort.

If the second tier will be operated exclusively in the warm season, then you can attach a staircase on a small terrace or on the street.

Available options installations

Outdoor extension

There are several types of lifting structures that can be installed from the street. They all differ from each other in size, shape of the main architectural elements, as well as some technical features... Professional craftsmen distinguish several main types of outdoor stairs:

1. Semicircular.
2. Square.
3. Oval.
4. Rectangular.
5. Curvilinear.
6. Faceted.

The structure can be frontal (installed perpendicular to the facade), profile. The parameters of such stairs are fully consistent with those that are mounted inside the steam room. The height of the riser should be in the range from 14 to 18 cm, the depth - 32 cm. Special attention is paid to the slope of the steps, since it is necessary to ensure the drainage of water. The width of the upper landing is calculated so that the distance from it to the door is at least 60 cm.

When choosing the most suitable structure, it must be borne in mind that a straight vertical staircase is not very convenient for operation. This option is not suitable for unhindered access to the upper floor break room. This architectural approach is appropriate only if the owner wants to save personal savings, and not achieve maximum comfort and practicality.

The most popular are spiral and screw types, as they are aesthetically pleasing and reliable. It is quite easy to take care of a metal staircase, and the durability of operation has been confirmed by time. But to build it in a cozy bath with your own hands is rather problematic.

Read also: - its design, pros and cons, assembly rules

High quality wood marching options are ideal for almost all types of real estate. If the free space allows, then you can make a reinforced concrete lifting system. It will turn out to be durable and reliable, since it is not at all afraid of the negative effects of the environment and mechanical stress. The main task is to avoid dissonance between the room and the staircase.

Safe outdoor construction

Construction requirements

Installed species must necessarily meet all basic operational requirements.

If the product is located in the open air, then you need to take into account a number of nuances:

• Durable handrails, balusters, and other fences are a must.
• In work, you need a material that is least susceptible to high levels of humidity, sudden changes in temperature, as well as various precipitation.
• All steps need to be equipped with small notches or a specific relief that will protect all users from slipping and accidents.

Since the product is located on the street, the master can fully implement all the basic requirements for standard dimensions, without saving valuable space on the width of the marches. Thanks to this, it is possible to reduce the angle of inclination, thereby increasing practicality.

Metal ideal for outdoor use

When it is necessary to hide the stairs from prying eyes, then it must be placed exclusively on the side of the sauna, and not on the front side of the property. If everyone construction works the owner of the steam room decided to do it on his own, then special attention should be paid to careful processing of consumables.

There are a number of basic requirements:

• When erecting from an array, you need to prepare in advance a high-quality antiseptic with fire-retardant and moisture-proof properties.
• All welding seams are cleaned of metal shavings and also coated with paint to avoid rust.
• The tree must be carefully sanded in order to minimize the likelihood of splinters.

To draw up a preliminary drawing, you need to measure the height. Be sure to calculate the number of steps. To do this, divide the height by the dimensions of the supporting parts (14-25 cm). The length is counted as the product of the step depth (maximum 30 cm).

Important! To independently build a durable staircase, you must choose the right consumable, prepare a project, as well as make accurate calculations.

Conclusion

Most often, a home sauna is made from quality wood. Due to this, the room is filled with an atmosphere of coziness and comfort. The owner is proud of the new property, which is why he tries to do the maximum work on his own. If the man has all the necessary skills and materials, then you can make practical staircase yourself. It can be decorated with unique decorative elements so that it fits into the interior of the room as harmoniously as possible.

More interesting and informative information can be found in the video:

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If it is necessary to install a staircase to the second floor in the bath, it is necessary to think over both its design and the material from which it will be made. Considering the peculiarities of the atmosphere in the bath room and the natural desire to maintain the interior in one harmoniously created style, a combination of wood and metal is acceptable for baths.

An ergonomic and beautiful option is a staircase made of wood with a supporting structure made of metal. With sufficient space, it can be marching, with limited space - rotary or screw. Direct modifications with marches take up a lot of space, but with proper planning, the area left under the stairs can be used as a storage room for storing bath accessories and other equipment. Detailed drawing in the photo below.

Spiral and swivel stairs are less convenient for constant walking, but in small bath they significantly save space, and are not used as often. The project of a spiral or rotary staircase can be different, the main thing here is the dimensions of the structure.

In any case, such a staircase in the bathhouse to the second floor with small room volumes not only "does not steal" the usable area, but also saves money on its construction.

DIY installation of the structure

To begin with, the technology provides for placement: a vertical rack or abutment to the wall. It is better to give preference to the latter if there are children or people with limited mobility in the bathhouse. The wall will act as an additional support.

In order not to get sick after paired procedures, the steps must be made of wood, and the frame, handrails and rack are made of stainless metal, wood can be used, which is more acceptable for temperature regime in the bath. The metal heats up too quickly and can cause discomfort on contact with the skin.

How to make a ladder: calculation method and possible configuration in the video below.

Convenient location for step steps - 35-40 cm, but this is applicable only for rectangular models, spiral staircases have trapezoidal steps.

The design should be as simple as possible: steps and railings are not slippery, even with a slightly rough surface so that a wet foot does not slip.

In order to build a staircase in the bath yourself, you will need the following materials:

• tread beam - 4 cm;
• bar for steps, at least 4 cm thick;
• step beam - 3 cm;
• a bar for mounting stringers (bowstrings) measuring 5x25 cm;
• handrails purchased or made by yourself;
• stainless steel screws.

Work begins with determining the layout, type of stairs and steps. The standard parameters of the march are erected with a support step on a double-sided bowstring or attached to kosoura (beams located at the bottom).

Kosoura are called the bars on which the structure rests in a horizontal cut. In the vertical position, the teeth fix the risers. In this case, the ladder can be attached to the central stringer and the support of the steps to the wall or to the side stringers.

Bowstrings are strong beams with grooves for steps and risers. They are made from thick boards, the grooves are cut independently according to the template. Fasteners are made between themselves using wooden or metal strands.

The steps are connected with a bowstring and reinforced with bars under the stairs at an equidistant distance. If the angle of inclination of the march is high, the bars may not be used. The top and bottom of the string are fixed to the walls, ceiling or floor.

Wooden fragments of the structure are treated with impregnation with antiseptic and fire-resistant properties and opened with stain or varnish.

For spiral staircase the main thing is to determine the angle of inclination. It should be between 23-37 degrees. But, it is worth remembering that the higher the angle of inclination, the more difficult it will be to climb the steps, but this design will require the least placement.

Since many people in the bathhouse prefer wood trim, the staircase can be made in the same style, without even using large-scale metal parts. It is worth choosing from hardwood: birch, ash, linden, oak. Larch and cedar are suitable for conifers.

It is important to make the stairs as safe as possible, since in conditions of high humidity and sudden changes in temperature conditions, you can slip when going up or down. And, of course, do not save on protective solutions, otherwise the structure will not last long.

Any interfloor staircase in the house - a compromise between safety, convenience and space saving. Even in a fairly spacious room, it is not easy, and finding a place for a staircase in a bath is much more difficult. The rooms are usually small and because of which one has to solve a problem with many unknowns. Therefore, the staircase in the bath requires a balanced approach.

• 1 Entrance staircase to the bath
  • 1.1 Foundations for entrance stairs to the bath
• 2 Staircase in the bathhouse to the second floor
• 3 Types wooden stairs
• 4 A little about steps, sizes and terms
• 5 How to calculate the stairs to the bath
• 6 How to make yourself a ladder in the bath

Entrance stairs to the bathhouse

Usually several steps are needed here and there are no hard restrictions due to lack of space. Therefore, we can do as the GOST advises:

Since baths are most often built from wood, stairs are usually made of the same material. You need to choose breeds that are resistant to climatic influences. Larch is best suited, pine will behave well. Be sure to treat all components with antifungal and protective impregnations (for example, "Senezh").

Foundations for entrance stairs to the bath

The foundation for the stairs is usually piled or columnar. The fastest and cheapest to manufacture is a bored pile pile. Even faster, but more expensive are installed only screw piles, but their cost is higher. All work on the construction of the underground part of the porch is carried out after the foundation of the building has been established.

If the soil is heaving (clay or loam), the piles should be buried below the freezing level of the soil. In the lower part, it is desirable to make an expansion (TISE piles), then there will be a guarantee that the porch will not push out during the winter heaving period.

Entrance stairs to the bathhouse on a deep pile foundation

The entrance staircase can be made shallow if necessary. Then they use not piles, but posts. Their depth is at least 40 cm below the fertile layer. But then, during heaving, the stairs will rise. So that at the same time it does not block the doors, a high threshold will be needed.

If you don't want to do the threshold, you can make the upper platform attached to the wall of the house. For this, during construction, beams are laid on which the upper platform will be assembled.

Shallow wooden entrance staircase (to enlarge the image, click on the picture with the left mouse button)

In this case, a transverse support for a stringer or bowstring is nailed to the beams mounted in the wall. The same beam is made on "bulls" - shallow support posts. In this case, it turns out that the ladder can be skewed, but the upper platform will remain in place.

Sauna stairs to the second floor

If the second floor in the bathhouse has seasonal use - in winter no one will live there, it makes sense to take the rise out of the room - to the veranda or to the annex. So, firstly, you will save space in the bathhouse itself, and secondly, you will not chill through the hatch to the second floor of the room.

Planning "L" -shaped stairs

If the second floor will be used in cold weather, you will have to fit the structure. In doing so, you will have to take into account many factors:

• It is necessary to arrange the staircase so that it not only fits well on the first floor, but also on the second, when you rise, you do not rest your head against the sloping ceiling: often in the baths, not a full-fledged second floor is built up, but they make an attic with a broken roof or kick out, as they say, 1.5 floors, and then the roof.
• It is advisable to make an exit on the second floor near one of the walls: this is how it is "eaten up" less area... It is very inconvenient to have a hole in the middle of the room: it is problematic to organize the space properly.
• Choose the parameters of the stairs so that it is both convenient and safe.

Types of wooden stairs

The staircase in the bath to the second floor can be with straight and curved flights. Curvilinear stairs on their own, without experience, calculate and build - it will not work: it is too difficult. Therefore, basically everyone is doing straightforward.

When choosing a model with straight flights, it is not necessary that there be one flight (these are one-flight stairs) - along the wall. You can design it in the form of the letter "L" or "P". At the same time, straight sections are connected by platforms or run-in - turning - steps.

Different types of stairs to the second floor (to enlarge the image, click on the picture with the left mouse button)

Please note that marches can be closed or open. In closed flights, there are risers - details that close the gap between two steps. A turn in the staircase can be made with a rectangular platform (in the figure, the leftmost option) or with winder (triangular) steps (there are two options in the figure).

This is a staircase with a closed flight - with risers

In one place it is better not to make many winder steps, as in the picture in the center - you will have to climb "along the wall", that is, where the steps are wider. The most optimal number is three to four. But not always such an option can be entered into the existing conditions and then you have to compromise.

U-shaped staircases to the second floor are usually poorly built into small rooms: they are specially left with shafts under them when designing or provide a place. It is much easier in this regard with the placement of the "L" -shaped.

L-shaped stairs are easier to fit in small-sized rooms in the bath. The marches here are open - there are no risers

The staircase in the bathhouse on the 2nd floor in the form of the letter "L" can, as in the photo above, go along two walls, or it can adjoin only one of them.

A little about steps, sizes and terms

We have already talked about what winders are - they are triangular or trapezoidal rotary steps. But that's not all of the terms. To calculate a ladder ladder for a bath yourself, you need to know some norms, terms and tolerances. With the height and width of the steps: this is understandable. But there is such a thing as a lift step. This is, in fact, the height of the step, but always taking into account the thickness of the material. Since materials can be different, then the lifting step can differ significantly.

The best are considered following sizes steps: a width of about 30 cm, a rise step of 15-16 cm. But these are average indicators. For people of medium height with medium long legs. And these parameters, as you know, are different for everyone. If you are planning for yourself, you can count on the basis of how it will be more convenient for you and your family members.

The width of the step is determined by the length of the foot. It is more convenient when the entire foot rests on the step, and not just part of it.

It will be more convenient to rise and fall if the whole foot rests on a step

Unfortunately, this is not always possible. If the decrease is insignificant and the stairs do not have to be used very often, as in the bathhouse, for example, then they go to reduce the width of the step. If the bathhouse will be residential, or used as a guest house, you can find a way out by making a "duck step" staircase. It differs in steps of unequal width: there is a cutout on one side. In this case, you have to start the descent or ascent from a certain leg. Look at the photo of such a staircase and everything will become clear.

You can make a “goose step” staircase to the bathhouse. It has curly steps. You have to climb it from a certain leg in order to get on the wide part

As you climb and descend such steps, you are forced to change your gait. Because of what this name arose. But at the same time, it allows you to make a very, very steep climb, and without a particular threat from safety.

When calculating, not the height of the room is used, but the distance from the floor of the first floor to the floor of the second. For this, the ceiling thickness is added to the ceiling height and finishing materials floor of the second floor. This value is needed in the calculation.

The number of steps is simple: the found distance from floor to floor is divided by the recommended lifting step - 15-16 cm. The resulting figure is rounded up (see for yourself). For example, the distance from floor to floor is 280 cm. Divide by 15 cm, we get 18.6, round off, we get that there should be 19 steps in our staircase.

Now let's determine what the lifting step will turn out to be: 280 cm is divided into 19 steps. It will turn out to be 147 cm. Not enough. If there are no children or elderly people in the family, you can consider installing 18 steps. In this case, the lifting height will be 155 cm. This value fits into the recommendations. So it will be more convenient for a person of average height.

Another point that requires verification: the size of the opening for the stairs on the second floor. To avoid hitting your head on the opening when descending, you need the distance from the step below to the gap to be 200 cm (minimum 190 cm).

To avoid hitting your head when descending, check the distance from the step to the edge of the notch. This, by the way, is an example of a one-flight staircase. But there is a very steep ascent angle, apparently, neither small children nor elderly people go to the bathhouse

If the height is less than 190 cm, there are two ways out: to increase the size of the passage through the floors (to make it longer). If this is not possible, increase the ascent step, making the stairs steeper. But it cannot be done more than 210 mm. as a solution - slightly increase the clearance and at the same time slightly increase the rise.

The finished step parameters must be checked using the convenience formula. If you add the lift step multiplied by 2 and the step width, the result should be between 600 and 650 mm. So, if the lifting step is 155 mm, and the step width is 300 mm, we get 155 mm * 2 + 300 mm \u003d 610 mm. We fit into the norm. If not, an adjustment is needed.

The minimum width of the staircase to the bath is 80 cm, the optimal one is 100 cm. Plan somewhere in this area.

Do not forget that it is advisable to treat all wooden surfaces in the bath with protective impregnations. How and what, read here.

How to make yourself a ladder in the bath

In addition to the parameters of the steps, you also need to decide how exactly to build the staircase itself. Wooden stairs are made on bowstrings or kosoura. A bowstring is a plank between which steps are attached. They have smooth edges, and the steps are fastened precisely between them, using corners, bars. They also cut out special grooves.

Ways of attaching steps to the bowstrings of the stairs (to enlarge the image, click on the picture with the left mouse button)

Kosour differs in that it has a sawtooth profile. The steps are laid on the formed ledge.

How to make a stringer for the stairs to the bathhouse (to enlarge the image, click on the picture with the left mouse button)

Easier to make a ladder with bowstrings: a much lower level of carpentry is required. This is especially true for mortise steps or when attaching them to corners. Here the skills are generally required to be minimal.

How to build a ladder to the bathhouse on a bowstring (to enlarge the image, click on the picture with the left mouse button)

How to build a ladder to the bathhouse on a bowstring: it all starts with the installation of the bowstring and support posts, if any. The support post is usually a square beam of at least 150 * 150 cm. The bowstrings and steps are fitted with boards with a thickness of at least 4-5 cm. They are needed of good quality without knots and cracks. The bowstrings are attached to the wall with long nails or wood screws.

Then steps are installed on the corners or support bars. If there is a finished project, it should have a full size layout for each step. If there is no project, in difficult places, you can first make patterns from cardboard, then outlining them on the wood and cutting them out accurately. This will definitely be needed with winder steps (turning). All others should be of standard sizes.

If you still want to make a staircase on kosoura, watch the video. Everything is very sensibly told.

The bath has become an integral part country house... People choose projects suitable for themselves and most often erect two-story buildings. There are options for building a bath with an attic, where, as a rule, there is a rest room. The selected designs require a staircase. During the design phase, people get confused. Many do not know how to make a ladder with their own hands. This process is quite painstaking. But you can make an effort and make a staircase to the bath with your own hands.

How to choose the right type of stairs?

When building a bath, you should think in advance which type of stairs to choose. They differ in design. There are several options:

1. Single-flight stairs are considered the easiest to manufacture. They are practical to use. This type of ladder requires a lot of space. Therefore, it is not suitable for every bath.
2. Ladders, similar in shape to the letter G, are mounted along the wall.
3. There are U-shaped structures. They are rarely chosen for installation, since it is necessary first to equip the mine.
4. Spiral staircases are often found in summer cottages, as well as in baths. The angles of this design vary from 260 to 360 degrees. Installing parts goes counterclockwise.

If necessary compact ladder, then you should opt for small-sized buildings.

Location options

It must be remembered that you can arrange the stairs in different ways:

1. Externally. The entrance to the premises will be located from the street. This arrangement is chosen for quick access to the attic, bypassing the sauna.
2. The internal method allows installation from any room. You can then walk up the stairs all year round.
3. There are transitional ways to build stairs when it leads from a separate building to a house.

Factors influencing the choice

Before installing the stairs, you need to think about how it will fit into the interior. The design should be in the same style as the entire space around. There should be a harmonious transition from one floor to another.

When choosing, you should know what budget the owner of the bath is ready to allocate for the construction of the stairs. It is best to opt for an ergonomic option, in which the staircase will be not only beautiful, but also comfortable.

It is worth consulting with an architect as to which type of construction is suitable for a particular building.

How to choose material for assembly?

On the construction market, there is a wide selection of materials suitable for assembling stairs to a bath. It is permissible to use wood or metal. Some people choose stone stairs. For those who prefer solid structures for centuries, concrete can be used.

Most often, wooden stairs are chosen. The steps can be open as well as closed. The staircase in the bathhouse on the 2nd floor with a closed march has distinctive feature... Here are the gaps between the steps.

When it becomes necessary to add a turn of a staircase made of wood, then you must first make a special platform. It should be in the shape of a square, some people prefer a rectangle.

What should be the staircase to enter?

A small staircase for a bath is most often designed for an entrance. The material is chosen the same from which the bath itself was built.

For correct installation entrance stairs you need to put a pile foundation. There are people who prefer the columnar type of foundation. The most economical option is to install pile foundation... It can be done quickly and does not require any additional cost.

Piles should be installed deeper than the level of freezing of the ground. In this case, the stairs and porch will not deform over time. A deep foundation is often found in our time. There is also a shallow type. In this case, the pillars are dug into the ground to a depth of 55 centimeters. When a platform appears, it is fixed with special beams to the bath.

The entrance to the second floor of the bath is often made from the street. It is worthwhile to carefully study what requirements must be met when building a staircase:

1. It is important to remember about the angle of inclination, it should not exceed 50 degrees.
2. can vary from 30 to 36 centimeters.
3. The height of each step is allowed from 16 to 21 centimeters.
4. The length of the steps can be up to 100 centimeters. Most often, an average length of 75 centimeters is chosen.

Which is better - an internal or external staircase at the entrance to the attic?

Many are wondering which type of ladder to choose. They always doubt the option of an external lift, from the street.

When people build a bathhouse in a private house, they often choose the external version of the staircase. The plus on getting off the street is that you can sit on the veranda. Another advantage of the desired type of ladder is that the temperature will not leave the sauna when the door is opened.

What to consider when installing a ladder?

How to calculate the correct size?

In order to calculate which staircase is suitable for a particular case, you need to find out what is the distance between the floors of the first floor and the attic in the bath. A value equal to the ceiling height and thickness is added to the ceiling height building materialsthat were used on the second floor.

You need to understand what the appropriate slope of the bath is. It can be between 22 and 38 degrees. Higher angles require less installation space.

To calculate the required number of steps, you need to know the distance between the floors of two floors, and then divide the resulting value by the base height of the steps. It is equal to 16 centimeters. The resulting number can be rounded.

For example, the height between the floor of the first and second floors of the bath is 285 centimeters. is 16 centimeters. Then 285 is divided by 16, it turns out 17.8 centimeters. This value can be rounded up to 18 centimeters. It turns out that there will be 18 steps in the desired staircase.

To understand what the allowable step of lifting will be, you need to divide 285 by 18. So, the allowable step height will be 15.8 centimeters. This value is calculated for a person with an average height, as well as for tall people.

To check whether the calculation was made correctly, you need to multiply the step height by two, add the width of the selected step to the resulting value. You should get a number that ranges from 590 to 655 millimeters. If the indicator fits the highlighted standards, then the calculations are correct. If you get a number that does not fit the established frames, then you need to correct the elements of the stairs in the bath. A standard staircase is one meter wide.

for a bath on kosoura?

When the calculations are over, you can start working on the stairs. To install wooden stairs in the bath, you will need to make a small ledge from a wooden profile. Beforehand, it is worth training the skills of a carpenter. This work has its own template:

To fix the risers, you need wood glue. It is important to fix the remaining parts with self-tapping screws.

The final stage will be able to withstand the angle of inclination of the building. Some don't make a visor. The ladder must be safe in all weather conditions, otherwise it is easy to fall in rainy weather.

It is important to treat the resulting ladder with varnish or other protective agent. Some people choose drying oil for such purposes. Professionals advise against saving on wood protection products.

Do I need to paint?

Many do not know how to properly paint the stairs in the bath. There are supporters natural wood, without coatings. This opinion is wrong. The staircase needs protection, otherwise decay processes will begin over time. The bath is always humid, mold and mildew may appear.

Wooden stairs to the sauna need a protective covering. They are best protected by special varnishes for wood, as well as drying oil. Ordinary paint enamel has less protective functions than varnish. When choosing between no coating and paint, it is better to choose paint. You can pick up a woody shade, and it will hardly be noticeable. The layers must be applied thinly so that they have time to dry.

In our time, special impregnations for wood have appeared, which have protective functions. You can use this new product in the construction market. This kind of flooring will not change the color of your staircase. There are series that give a light woody shade. Recently, people more often than others choose colors "like walnut" and "amber oak".

Spiral staircase: all pros and cons

The spiral staircase in the bath attracts people with its appearance. It seems that this design is very light and compact. The spiral staircase adds originality to the sauna interior. It has a number of advantages:

There are also peculiarities that many will consider disadvantages:

1. It is good to install screw structures in places where there is little traffic of people. You need to climb measuredly and calmly so as not to fall.
2. Since the steps are small in width, there is a risk of stumbling when descending.
3. It is imperative to put handrails that will ensure safe movement.

So, we figured out how you can build a staircase with your own hands in a bath. As you can see, there are several design options.

The attic room of the bath is often used as a utility room for storing brooms or a rest room. To access the second floor, a compact wooden staircase is usually built. You can build it on bowstrings or kosoura with your own hands.

Content:

To climb to the second floor or attic in the bath, they install a production (collapsible) staircase or build a structure with their own hands. In the latter case, it is necessary not only to correctly build it, but also to correctly calculate the angle of inclination, dimensions, type of steps. A ladder for a bath should be compact, comfortable and safe. Calculate its location so that the exit to the second floor is near the wall. So you can significantly save space and expand the useful area of \u200b\u200bthe dressing room.

Types of wooden stairs for a bath

Often, a small structure with several steps is erected to enter a room or a porch. It is optimal to build it according to the calculations recommended by GOST:

• tilt angle - less than 45 degrees;
• step length - 80-100 cm;
• lifting step - from 17 cm;
• width - from 30 cm.

For the construction of an entrance staircase to the bath the best option pine or larch is considered. Moreover, they must be treated with an anti-fungal impregnation. Such structures are installed on a columnar or pile foundation.

The staircase in the bathhouse to the second floor can be made in various modifications:

1. Direct one-march... The simplest option, however, requires a large installation space.
2. U-shaped... For its construction, it is necessary to design the mines indoors in advance.
3. L-shaped... They can be designed along one or two walls.
4. Screw... Designed at an angle of 270 to 360 degrees. It must be installed counterclockwise, since most people start lifting with their right foot.
5. Samba or goose step... Compact, but inconvenient enough.

Before you start building a bath with your own hands, you need to decide on the materials of manufacture. For bath structures, they are most often used:

• Stainless steel... The metal ladder does not deform and does not corrode. At the same time, it is easy to install and economical.
• Granite or fake diamond concrete based... Model for Turkish baths.
• Tree... Traditional material for Russian baths.

We will focus on the construction of a wooden staircase.

IMPORTANT: the wooden components for the stairs must be moisture resistant. They must be treated with an impregnation to protect them from fungus, rot and insects.

For a sauna staircase made of wood, it is best suited: teak wood (about 500 rubles per step), larch (from 12 thousand rubles per cubic meter), ash (from 30 thousand rubles per cubic meter), wenge (about 100 thousand rubles per cubic meter), pine ( from 100 rubles per running meter), oak (from 18 thousand per cubic meter), spruce (from 6.5 thousand rubles). Wood for stairs is used with a thickness of 4-5 cm. It must be carefully polished. It should not be slippery, but also free from roughness.

Then we make some rough calculations. At the same time, we take into account several main points:

1. It is undesirable to do more than three or four cross-country steps.
2. The width of the steps must be designed along the length of the foot.
3. The size of the opening must be calculated so as not to hit your head when descending.

Instructions for the construction of stairs on kosoura for a bath

Ladder structures are built on stringers and bowstrings. In the first case, each step is laid on the protrusion of the sawtooth profile. This method requires certain joinery and carpentry skills. The work is performed in the following sequence:

• We choose solid and dense wood for the manufacture of stringers.
• We cut out a template of the shape of steps with the appropriate size and slope from thick cardboard.
• To connect the stringers with the upper overlap and the base, we make special grooves at the ends and markings according to the prepared template.
• According to the markings, we cut out the protrusions with a jigsaw and process them with a grinder.
• We cut out a recess for fasteners in the floor beam and mount the metal supports.
• We fix the support bar with anchors along the line of the bottom step.
• We set the stringers at the desired angle. We fix them from below and from above with anchors.
• For steps we use boards from 3.6 cm thick, for risers - from 2 cm.
• We cut and grind each piece.
• Lubricate the lower cutout of the stringer with wood glue or PVA to prevent squeaking. We apply the riser elements exactly along the edges.
• We fix the parts with self-tapping screws and install steps above them.
• After laying all the steps, we mount the railings. You can use curly wooden blanks to make the rack. The handrails of the railing are mounted along a clearly corresponding slope of the stairs.

Construction of stairs on bowstrings in the bath

It is much easier to mount steps on bowstrings. It is possible to independently build such a modification by adhering to the following plan:

• We measure the height from the floor of the room to the top of the future staircase. We round the number and divide it by 18, we get the required number of risers.
• We fix the brass ladder calibrators to the carpenter's square in pre-calculated places.
• We check the material of the bowstring so that it is straight, and put a square on it exactly. We draw the line of the riser and, without moving the tool, draw the line of the step.
• Using the calibrators and lines, draw the outline of the bowstring until all the steps are output.
• We remove the calibrators from the square when drawing the last element.
• Through circular saw we make cuts along the edges.
• Cut out the middle with a sharp hand saw, apply the resulting part to the material and draw a contour.
• We make two edge and one middle bowstring.
• Adjust the height of the lower riser so that it is shorter by one step thickness.
• We attach a plywood sheet where the landing connects to the steps.
• We make marks for installing the bowstring and screw it onto the plywood.
• We cut out the same risers and fasten them with screws to the bowstrings.
• We attach the steps with screws and glue to prevent squeaking and increase strength.
• For the general connection, we attach the upper step with screws to the plywood part.
• We mount the railing post in a vertical position and attach it with screws.
• We install the railing beams so that they repeat the angle of inclination of the stairs, and fasten them sequentially with screws.
• We collect the handrails (railings) with nails and fasten the fasteners to the staircase structure.
• We attach the railing over the last crossbar, observing the correct slope.
• We prime and varnish the surface.

DIY spiral staircase for a bath

The technology for constructing a spiral staircase is distinguished by more in-depth calculations. To competently build such a structure, you should do it according to the following scheme:

• We make running steps without risers. This will provide additional comfort when lifting.
• We design the step so that its width in the center is 20 cm, and 15 cm from the racks is at least 10 cm.
• We calculate the diameter of the structure from two meters, and the length of the steps - from 80 cm.
• We leave the height of the passage to the upper loop from 2 m.
• We use as a support element a thick-walled stainless steel pipe with a diameter of 5 cm. We install it strictly vertically at the very beginning of work. This will increase the strength of the ladder.
• With fasteners and anchors, we fasten the main support to wooden floor... If the floor is cement, then we concrete it using stretch marks.
• We drill a hole (stand diameter) in the narrow part of the tread to fix the step. For the installation of each element, we use bushings with the appropriate height.
• To prevent deformation of the steps, place a washer between the tread and the bushing. Its thickness is important to consider when designing the height of the sleeve. Otherwise, the staircase will turn out to be much higher than it was designed.
• We determine the length of the steps according to the size of the rise in the floor. To calculate their number, the height of the entire structure is divided by the height of the opening between them. It should be between 18 and 20 cm, excluding the thickness of the step.
• We install steps with a slight overlap. We fasten the structure with brackets between the edges of the wide part.
• We mount the final step on the ceiling with fasteners.
• We install the railing posts vertically to the steps and attach the handrails to them at the angle of the base of the stairs.
• We carry out decorative finishing.

With this step by step instructions and a photo of the stairs for the bath, you can perform all the work quickly and efficiently, the process is shown in more detail in the video:

The sauna ladder is a compromise between convenience, safety and compactness. Remember that before you make a staircase in the bath, you need to draw up a thorough project. A high-quality staircase should not only be reliable, but also fit well into the interior of the room. If you are not sure that you can make your own design that meets all standards, you can pick up a ready-to-install option in the store.