A wooden house requires especially careful thermal protection, since when the temperature and humidity conditions are violated, the wood begins to rot and lose its strength characteristics. An effective insulation will help prevent this. Before starting work on protection from cold, you need to figure out how to correctly insulate the floor in an individual wooden house.

Why insulate a wooden floor

Wood, in comparison with concrete, is a rather warm material, but when building a frame private house or a house from a bar with your own hands, it is not always possible to achieve a rational balance of the thickness of the structure in terms of strength and thermal conductivity. To reduce the consumption of materials on walls and foundations, thermal insulation is necessary. It is possible to carry out insulation work both in the old, long-commissioned building, and in new construction.

Insulating a floor in a wooden house can prevent the following problems:

• the appearance of excessive dampness in the room;
• temperature decrease in the task;
• condensation, due to which mold appears;
• the appearance of a fungus and other microorganisms dangerous to humans;
• increased heating costs;
• destruction of wooden structures from the inside.

Do-it-yourself work can significantly reduce costs. Now there are many materials, the use of which does not require special skills and high qualifications.

Diagram of all heat losses wooden house.

What floors require insulation

The following structures need protection:

1. cold basement overlap pie;
2. attic floor;
3. construction of interfloor overlap.

In the case of the interfloor version, the material is used as sound insulation. In this case, it is necessary to provide a layer with a thickness of 3-5 cm.

Insulation of the floor of the first floor in a wooden house ensures comfortable living conditions. Most of the heat loss occurs through the ceiling of the upper floor, therefore it is necessary that the thermal insulation is selected and installed correctly.

Materials for work

In order to correctly insulate the floor in a wooden house, you need to choose a high-quality insulation that has all the necessary properties. Insulation can be carried out both from inside the room and from the cold air side.

For do-it-yourself insulation of an attic floor from the inside or a basement from the bottom, it is better to use light materials that will fix without problems on the bottom of the floor cake. In this case, it will be correct to apply:

• mineral wool in rolls;

These materials will provide the maximum convenience of work when insulating the ceiling with your own hands.

When insulating frame house, houses made of timber or logs can be carried out from the inside of the room for the floor of the first floor and outside for the last. In this case, it is better to carry out floor insulation along logs or beams, since this will prevent the transfer of the load to the fragile material. For this type of work, you can use the following materials:

You can find out more about insulation with sawdust and expanded clay in articles and. These materials have such advantages as natural origin and low cost, so if you need to reduce the cost of construction or insulation in an old building and ensure complete environmental friendliness, it is better to use them. However, they are less technologically advanced than other materials.

Recently, the method is also gaining popularity. This method is good for its low labor intensity and high efficiency.

Floor insulation technology

It is important to properly lay the insulation in compliance with the correct order of all layers. When insulating the attic floor, the floor of the second floor or the first floor, the cake of the floor has not always noticeable, but significant differences.

Insulation of the floor of the first floor from below

In this case, when carrying out work with your own hands, materials should be correctly laid in the following order:

1. waterproofing;
2. insulation;
3. vapor barrier;
4. floor structure.

When building a house from a bar or frame, the material is fixed along the beams. Then the filing is done. You can use ordinary plastic wrap as protection against moisture and steam. As a second option for waterproofing, waterproof membranes are used. If all the layers are laid correctly, the structure will be reliably and competently protected from the cold from the point of view of heat engineering.

This method is very laborious and is used only if there is no possibility of insulation from the inside.

Also, the method is perfect for insulation from below.

Insulation of the floor of the first floor from the inside

It is quite inconvenient to carry out work under the ceiling, therefore, when erecting a frame house or a building from a bar, insulation of the first floor overlap is often performed along the beams from above. In this case, in addition to the previously given materials, you can use bulk materials such as sawdust and expanded clay. When carrying out insulation with your own hands, correctly lay all layers in the following sequence:

1. floor structure;
2. waterproofing;
3. insulation;
4. vapor barrier;
5. clean floor.

The vapor barrier must be located from the inside of the room, so it will work correctly, preventing damage to the floor over the beams from the timber.

Insulation of interfloor overlap

In the first case, the insulation dampens airborne noises: human speech, music, etc. In the second case, the structure is also perfectly insulated from impact noise - steps, jumps, etc.

Competent noise insulation of inter-floor ceilings is a guarantee comfortable stay all family members.

Insulation of the ceiling of the upper floor from the inside

Installation of insulation from the inside does not provide maximum protection of structures, but it can be used as a second option for laying insulation. In this case, the insulation is mounted on the beams from the bottom of the floor. It will be correct to arrange the layers in this order:

1. vapor barrier;
2. insulation;
3. waterproofing;
4. overlapping structure on beams.

Insulation of the attic floor

When building and repairing a frame house, a house made of timber or logs, it is better to carry out the attic insulation from above. This method has the following advantages:

• ease of installation;
• the possibility of using inexpensive bulk materials;
• competent thermal protection;
• warming not only the premises, but also the overlapping on the beams of the house from a bar or frame;
• prevention of condensation in the thickness of the floor.

To ensure adequate protection, the layers are stacked in the following order from bottom to top:

1. floor structure;
2. vapor barrier;
3. thermal insulation material;
4. waterproofing.

Calculation of the thickness of the insulation

To perform a full-fledged thermal engineering calculation of the structures of a frame house or a building made of timber, it is not necessary to have a construction education. When performing the calculation, it is important to know the thickness of all layers of the cake and their thermal conductivity. This is easy to figure out.

The calculation will allow you to correctly insulate a house from a bar and prevent overspending of materials. All calculations, taking into account the search for the initial data, are unlikely to take more than half an hour. Usually such layers as waterproofing, vapor barrier are not taken into account.

A competent choice of the method of insulation, the type of material and its thickness can save you from many problems during operation. When building multi-storey residential buildings, the question of insulation does not arise: it is required. The correctness of the selection of the thickness and the presence of measures for thermal protection of the floor, attic floor and walls are checked by an expert examination, which considers these calculations on a par with calculations for strength.

In private housing construction, no one checks the availability of competent insulation, but this does not make it less important.

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Create a cozy environment in own home it is impossible without high-quality floor insulation, since it is when the feet freeze that most people feel discomfort or get sick. By warm floor It is always pleasant to walk barefoot, especially when it is snowing or pouring rain. However, to achieve such results, it is necessary to choose a floor insulation in a wooden house, which is better in terms of characteristics and has the simplest installation technology.

The process of floor insulation stone wool

Since in a wooden house the floors are also laid from boards, special requirements are imposed on:

• It is necessary to ensure the maximum level of fire safety, since wood is a highly flammable material. It is recommended to choose non-flammable or at least non-flammable insulation material.

• Resistance to moisture and resistance to its accumulation is required. This is due to the fact that wood has the property of absorbing and releasing moisture at different temperatures, and if the insulation becomes the reason for its accumulation along the contact boundary, then the boards will begin to rot.

• Thermal insulation must maintain its basic properties throughout the entire service life, but at least longer than the service life of wooden floors.
• Sufficient mechanical strength is required to resist caking or loss of thermal insulation properties.
• The composition should be free from harmful chemical substances, especially volatile and highly volatile.

Important! In addition to the requirements for heaters, it is also necessary to take care of creating appropriate conditions for their operation.

Insulation for the floor in a wooden house, which one is better to choose?

To choose insulation for the floor in a wooden house, which is better and cheaper, you need to know what its main types are. By the method of delivery, they are divided into the following:

• Mats or slabs ... They are lightweight slabs that hold a certain shape and retain their geometry during installation. Usually they are characterized by minimal thermal conductivity and low weight. These include Penoplex plates, expanded polystyrene, mineral wool, etc. They are installed on a flat surface with minimal roughness. Their simultaneous use with others is allowed. Both natural and artificial materials can be used in the manufacture of mats.

• Rolls ... They are rolls based on composite materials, cork, mineral wool, etc. They can have different thicknesses and usually have softness and minimum density. That is, they are lightweight and fit even on uneven surfaces without much difficulty. Thanks to the standard length, it is possible to install without transverse joints, which significantly improves the level of thermal insulation. However, they are not resistant to moisture and therefore require special attention to the installation of the waterproofing layer.

Helpful information! In some cases, mineral wool insulation is produced with a layer of a foil layer, which must be on top during installation. It is designed to protect against moisture.

• Polymer-based fluids ... Supplied in a sealed container in the form of cans or containers, inside of which there is a special composition capable of forming a solid substance with a foamed structure when interacting with air. It can be used to apply thermal insulation layers of any complexity, since it has increased adhesion to almost all building materials, and is also able to fill irregularities or hard-to-reach places... Penoizol is a striking example of a polymer composition. For its application, it is necessary to use special sprayers. If you want to choose an insulation for the floor in a wooden house that is optimal in cost, which one is better applied to a wooden base, then you should pay attention to other heat-insulating materials. Such insulation is expensive in price compared to other materials for thermal insulation.

• Loose heaters ... These include materials such as expanded clay, sawdust, slag, etc. Due to their flowability, they are able to fill any volume with sufficient density to ensure minimal thermal conductivity. They can be laid directly on the ground or on a prepared base. The disadvantages of laying such insulation are the following: raising the level of the floors, as well as the need to install cross beams for laying the finished floor.

In each specific case, the insulation should be chosen in such a way that it is convenient to install it, it has more advantages from the application, and the disadvantages do not play a significant role. That is, it is recommended to lay plate heaters or rolls on flat floors, on an uneven rough base - bulk, and on complex bases - expanded polystyrene.

Do-it-yourself step-by-step process of floor insulation in a private house

Do-it-yourself floor insulation in a private house is done in stages in the following sequence:

• A sub-floor is being prepared for the installation of logs, intended for use as the main structure for fastening insulation.

• In the presence of damaged structures, replacement or repair is made. The base for the insulation is carefully strengthened and, if necessary, leveled with your own hands.

• The insulation material is being laid in accordance with the installation technology.

• The finishing floor is being laid.

Related article:

Features of insulation with sawdust

Sawdust is one of the cheapest, but effective insulation materials. At cost, they are much cheaper than expanded clay or mineral wool, but at the same time they have practically the same thermal conductivity coefficient. They are environmentally friendly and therefore do not pose a health hazard. Warming the floor with sawdust consists in pouring them into the space between the logs in an even layer. At the same time, there will be no difficulties with insulating hard-to-reach places, since the sawdust can easily be tamped there. A waterproofing material is laid on top of the laid sawdust.

Attention! Sawdust, like wood, has an increased fire hazard. Therefore, they must be impregnated with special impregnations. Otherwise, it is recommended to use non-flammable materials.

Floor insulation with penoplex

The method of stacking foam boards is quite simple. First, you need to lay it along the log in one layer, then foam the joints polyurethane foam, after which lay the second layer, but with the dressing of the seams.

The advantages of the application are as follows:

• Resistant to moisture and rodents.
• Long service life.
• It has sufficient protection against mechanical stress.
• Does not crumble over time and does not lose its properties.

Laying roll materials based on mineral wool or stone wool

Rolled insulation is one of the most popular today, as it has excellent insulating properties and a long service life at a relatively low cost. Moreover, they are non-flammable and do not emit harmful substances.

Helpful information! Some experts believe that mineral wool is harmful to human health, since formaldehyde is used in its production. However, in practice it turns out that this volatile substance evaporates even during its stay in the production premises.

Since the mineral wool, when moisture gets on it, loses its thermal insulation properties, it must be properly waterproofed from external environment and vapor barrier from the interior. The rolls are laid in one layer between the logs directly on the waterproofing layer, but so that the cotton falls tightly to the walls without the slightest gaps. A layer of vapor barrier is laid on top. The technology is relatively simple and therefore even non-experts will not have any questions about how to properly insulate floors in wooden houses.

Overview of manufacturers and product prices

The following manufacturers of high-quality thermal insulation materials are most popular in Russia:

• Isover Is a French brand of the Saint-Gobain concern, which has existed for over 350 years and has managed to prove its reliability and high quality of products. One of the priority areas is the production of glass wool insulation. In fact, products from this manufacturer are the benchmark for competitors. At the same time, the cost of glass wool is within reasonable limits and is quite affordable for purchase.

• Linerock - a separate product line of the Saint-Gobain concern. It is a high quality mineral wool slabs, which are also designed to provide high-quality sound insulation of premises. The manufacturer is domestic with the main production facilities located in the city of Chelyabinsk. The cost of products is quite acceptable, since foreign analogues are several times more expensive.

• Company Euroizol produces high-quality mineral wool insulation in the form of slabs. They are distinguished by increased fire safety, resistance to water absorption and compression. In this case, the cost of the insulating material is at a high level, however, if we compare the terms of its operation with analogues of other companies, then Euroizol will win in all technical parameters.

• Products from Rockwool is branded and in demand all over the world. The main activity of the company is the production of basalt thermal insulation materials. They are distinguished by their unpretentiousness to difficult operating conditions and preservation of their properties for several decades. However, their cost turns out to be quite democratic and affordable for any resident of Russia.

Kirill Sysoev

Callous hands do not know boredom!

Content

One of the problems of living in a private house made of wood is a cold floor. The fact is that low-temperature air currents descend, and coolness also emanates from the ground. To make the home cozy, warm and comfortable, to protect it from freezing will help the insulation of the floor covering, which is carried out using a variety of materials.

How to insulate the floor in a wooden house from below

It is known that the house is the fortress of every person, therefore, comfort and warmth should always be felt in it. One of the ways to transform living space is to insulate the floor in a wooden house from below. To get a positive result, you should carefully read the range of products for insulation, find out the features, choose the most optimal option and complete the installation.

Installation of a layer of thermal insulation has several specific nuances:

1. It is necessary to have a two-layer insulation of the floor in a wooden house from below. It is necessary to reduce the loss of heat going through the rough bottom. Typically, the floor is made of ordinary boardsthat fit together. The surface will suffer from a strong effect of moisture and low temperature from the soil, therefore, building materials must be treated with special means in advance.
2. Given the fact that wood absorbs liquid well, waterproofing will be needed. It is recommended to lay one-sided fiber before insulating wood flooring.
3. Products for floor insulation in a wooden house from below should not change their characteristics when in contact with wood.

Which insulation is better for the floor in a wooden house

Very often, consumers think about which material is more profitable to use to insulate the cold floor in a wooden house from below. The choice of insulation depends on such factors: the size of the room, type of surface, type of wood, climate, price. It should be said right away that expensive finishing material not always the best in quality and may simply not be suitable for a particular building. In order to make the right choice, it is recommended to find out what kind of insulating floor materials are, to study their characteristics and advantages.

Insulation materials

The range of modern thermal insulation is very wide. Products may differ in size, characteristics, installation technology, and so on. Insulation of floors in a wooden house is often carried out with such building materials: mineral wool, expanded clay, foam foam, polystyrene foam (expanded polystyrene), polyurethane foam, sawdust, penoplex. The choice of a thermal insulation layer depends on the individual preferences of the owner of the building and the characteristics of the floor covering. How to insulate the floor in a wooden house during the construction or renovation of a dwelling?

Mineral wool

Cold wood flooring is often insulated with mineral wool. This type of seal is available as elastic mats or solid panels. The material must be laid in a single layer. The main advantages of mineral wool:

• high sound and heat insulation;
• long term of practical use;
• resistance to fire and high humidity;
• affordable cost;
• environmental friendliness;
• such insulation is resistant to damage: mechanical and chemical influences.

Polyurethane foam

An ideal sealant for a wooden floor, the pores of which are closed with air and gas for insulation, is polyurethane foam. This cellular material has a small mass, but retains heat well. Such insulation is maximally resistant to the formation of fungus, mold, is not afraid of rotting, does not lend itself to acids. Polyurethane foam is applied using a special technique and has good adhesion (adhesion to the surface). Thanks to the use of this type of thermal insulation, it is possible to insulate the floor of any shape without the formation of joints.

Styrofoam

Thermal insulation of floors using foam (expanded polystyrene) has a lot of advantages. The structure of the material provides a low level of vapor permeability and thermal conductivity, fire resistance, reliability, resistance to the influence of chemical and biological factors. Expanded polystyrene has a long service life and retains its characteristics for a long time. The main disadvantage is that the sealant absorbs a certain amount of liquid, which may affect some of its properties.

Penoplex

Thermal insulation of a wooden floor is also carried out with penoplex - a very lightweight polymer homogeneous material that does not load the base of the building. It is obtained by extrusion - forcing molten raw materials through the forming recess of an extruder (special equipment). Penoplex is very strong, resistant to low temperatures, durable, has minimal moisture absorption and combustion.

Expanded clay

Thermal insulation of a wooden floor can be performed using expanded clay - a loose, porous product that consists of small round balls. Insulation is produced by firing slate or clay in a special oven. Expanded clay for preserving the heat of the wood floor belongs to durable and environmentally friendly materials. It has high levels of sound insulation, fire resistance, frost resistance. There is one significant disadvantage: after a certain period of time, expanded clay is compacted under its own weight and loses the quality of thermal insulation.

Penofol

A roll-type insulation for a wooden floor, which is made of foamed polyethylene, which is covered with aluminum foil on top, is penofol. Such a seal is not very thick (3-10 mm), but it conducts heat well and does not need additional vapor barrier. Due to its composition, penofol has several disadvantages: rust can "eat" the foil, and polyethylene loses strength over time.

Installation technology

A reliable and effective option for laying insulation for a wooden covering from below is installation on logs - transverse boards (beams) on which the floor covering is located. In the meantime, there is no need to worry about it. ”

1. First, logs are attached to the brick foundation, the distance between which should be 1-1.2 meters (as in the photo).
2. Chipboard or thick plywood is mounted on the beams from below with self-tapping screws. This is necessary for installing thermal insulation.
3. Insulating material is laid out on the surface between the logs. The thickness of this layer of thermal insulation is varied, so you need to be guided by the dimensions of the transverse boards (lag).
4. On top of the seal, lay out waterproofing (for example, plastic wrap). This type of material is not always used, because some types of insulation themselves are resistant to moisture.
5. The final stage of installation is the installation of elements of the old or new wooden floor covering on the ground floor.

In view of the constant increase in utility bills and the desire to make their homes warmer and more comfortable, apartment and house owners are increasingly thinking about floor insulation. The sense of this procedure is felt almost immediately, the process does not require significant investment, it is facilitated by the fact that it can be carried out in a wooden house without dismantling the old floor covering, and is cheaper, thanks to the possibility of designing with your own hands, without spending the planned budget on calling a specialist. The main thing is to decide which of the existing heaters is better and how to properly lay the thermal insulation layer.

Why is floor insulation necessary in wooden houses

An additional layer will not only eliminate the cold walking on the legs and raise the overall temperature in the room, but also eliminate the following possible problems:

1. excess moisture;
2. the appearance of condensation, which causes dampness and leads to the formation of fungus and mold;
3. the occurrence of microorganisms;
4. decay process in wooden structures.

The combination of these facts allows us to conclude that insulation is necessary.

Work technology

The double floor is a structure realized in two levels:

• Rough - these are boards fixed on beams, on top of which insulation flooring is supposed.
• Finishing - a tier used for paving the last layer of insulation.

The general laying technology is a collection of heat-insulating "pie":

• dismantling of the old floor;
• along the bottom, over the entire area, auxiliary boards are attached;
• logs of the required size are treated with antiseptic agents to prevent rotting;
• prepared logs are laid on top of the support layer with a distance of 0.6 or 0.7 m, maximum - 1 m.
• between them, the selected insulation is placed on the rough layer. If a solid version is used as it, for example, expanded polystyrene, the joints must be treated with silicone, foam or other mixtures to eliminate gaps;
• a vapor barrier is placed on top of the insulating material, which is mounted to the logs with thin 20x30 bars. To improve the energy-saving effect, the joints are glued with special tape containing metal.
• Next, the main floor layer is laid.

Also, there are methods in which an improvised mesh is used, which is a strong weave of fishing line. It is fastened to beams by means of nails and is used as a "black" floor, however, over time, such a structure can stretch and sag, thereby making the idea unreliable.

In private houses, insulating the overlap of the first floor, the raw materials are also laid along the logs fixed on small brick heights, while laying waterproofing and boarding between them.

How to choose the right thermal insulation material

The selection of good material is an important part in the process of forming insulation. There are a few basic parameters to consider.

• Weight materials are not so important for owners of one-story wooden houses. Such structures, by themselves, are lightweight and create minimal stress on the foundation. This parameter is relevant only for high-rise buildings with wooden floors.
• Moisture resistance taken into account if insulation is carried out in places with high humidity - saunas, bathrooms or kitchens, as well as in regions characterized by humid climatic conditions.
• Duration of operation directly affects how often the owner will need to conduct renovation work to restore the coating.
• Thermal conductivity - one of the most pressing issues, how much heat will be retained inside the home depends on this indicator.
• Complexity of installation is sometimes the determining factor. Everyone wants the insulation process to go as quickly and easily as possible. The material is chosen accordingly.
• Basement or the basement assumes a thicker layer of insulation, which will become a significant obstacle to the cold air.
• Ceiling height often limits the choice of insulation. In small rooms, you will have to limit yourself to a thin layer to save space.
• Period of residence in the building... If this is a summer cottage or a garden house in which you appear once a month, do not overpay and put a thick layer of expensive building materials on the floor.
• Fire resistance important for wooden houses. The thermal insulator should not sustain combustion, as well as release bad smell when heating the house in the summer.

You need to choose products depending on the above parameters, as well as their cost and the budget allocated for insulation work.

Popular types of insulation materials

Practicality and ease of use is one of the main criteria in the selection of raw materials for house insulation. Today, the line of such products is represented by a wide assortment for any need. Hard types of insulation are used on flat surfaces, while soft and flexible ones can be used to finish almost any surface.

In rolls

The main components of such products are mineral wool and crushed cork. This form of insulation is characterized by softness, small specific gravity, low density. This allows it to be mounted on all types of planes, including curves and ragged ones with large differences. There are no joining seams during installation, which makes it possible to avoid cold bridges.

In slabs

Insulation in the form of slabs is very convenient in terms of installation if the dimensions of the openings that need to be insulated are known in advance, for example, in the inter-rafter area of \u200b\u200bthe attic or between the logs in the floor. It is lightweight and does not change its dimensions during installation. It has a low thermal conductivity coefficient.

This type of insulation is a special mixture that, when interacting with air, changes its structure from liquid to foamed, and then solidifies. Such a product can fill almost all necessary places, including the most difficult to access. One of the most common representatives is penoizol. It is applied on the surface with special equipment, filling in all the irregularities and flaws. The disadvantages of this type of material include a rather high cost.

The main component here are materials in the form of small free-flowing particles, such as slag, woodworking waste in the form of sawdust or expanded clay. They fill all cavities very well and allow you to achieve good sound insulation. They are laid both on a regular ground surface and on a previously prepared base. It is considered quite budgetary and is the best suited for thermal insulation of floors made with wood.

The most demanded materials for insulation

Nowadays, hardware stores offer dozens of raw materials for all types of insulation. Therefore, it is not necessary to think for a long time about the question of the best to insulate the floor in the house. You just need to choose the most optimal one, which will be able to solve your problem and at the same time will not greatly hit the family budget. The list of the most popular similar products is as follows:

Styrofoam or expanded polystyrene

It has a lot of advantages, including excellent thermal insulation, low weight, ease of installation and, most importantly, moisture protection and complete vapor tightness. Due to the latter quality, it is recommended to use it in basements. The thickness of the finish depends on the climatic zone, but on average is 5-15 cm. Its thermal insulation characteristics directly depend on the density - the higher this coefficient, the better it will protect your house from the cold. Such materials have one more advantage - if you want to insulate your house cheaply - do it with foam.

Mineral wool

The characteristics inherent in this insulation do not allow its use in concrete screeds. But, for sound insulation and insulation of wooden floors, it is perfect. Between the first and zero floors, the thermal insulation layer should be 20-30 cm. For other floors, a layer of 10-20 cm will be enough.

Ecowool

Once an innovative material, today it has gained high popularity. It is produced by shredding paper and paper waste with further processing with antiseptics. Due to the contained substances, this ecowool cannot be used on the ground, but for interfloor floors on beams, it will be the best option. In the latter case, the layer is placed at 20-30 cm.

A very expensive insulation with a lot of advantages. Due to its structure, it can freely fill all cavities with itself. It is not recommended to use it for thermal insulation of ceilings along beams.

Foam glass

An innovative product that is obtained by foaming quartz sand. The specific gravity of such raw materials is low, it has excellent noise and vapor barrier characteristics, and is capable of withstanding enormous loads without changing its original shape.

Expanded clay

Material that has come to us from time immemorial. Even 20-30 years ago, it was one of the most demanded and used. Now its popularity is falling due to its large dimensions. The height of ceilings, especially interfloor ceilings, does not always allow to take the distance necessary for laying expanded clay.

Fibrolite

It is a complex mixture of cement, wood and liquid glass. The main advantage of such a heat insulator, in addition to retaining precious heat in the house, is a high degree of sound absorption. Its laying on soils is limited, however, for the interlayer between floors, it will be the best option. Between the basement and the first tier, it is necessary to provide a thickness of 15 cm, for subsequent levels 10 cm will be enough.

Sawdust

Insulation with sawdust cannot be considered the most effective and high-quality way to preserve heat in a home, since in order to achieve the necessary indicators, a layer of at least 30 cm must be provided.However, it is still used in attics or for the manufacture of more complex materials.

Izolon

This is polyethylene brought to a foamed state, characterized by a low thermal conductivity with a minimum thickness. At the same time, it is also a sound insulator, which makes its use in demand between the floors of a building. Isolon is laid not "joint to joint", but with an overlap, and the seams are processed with bitumen mastic.

Penofol

The latest modern development, whose action is based on shielding. The reflective surface helps to effectively retain heat, and the ultra-thin and plastic structure allows foam foam to be applied in the most difficult-to-reach places.

How to insulate the floor in a wooden house yourself

A house built from wood can be made using different technologies, depending on the wishes of the owner, climatic conditions, the proximity of groundwater, etc. Therefore, the applied methods of floor insulation also differ. Below are the most common ones.

Remember that capital work on a building made of wood can only be carried out after its complete shrinkage, which lasts at least 1 year. If fresh cuts were used during construction, the process can take up to 5 years.

With a low underground

Since it is impossible to carry out work from below from the basement due to the low ceiling height, the existing flooring will have to be dismantled, which makes the method laborious. If replacing the flooring is not part of your plans, then the work must be done carefully so as not to damage it and avoid problems during the reassembly process.

• Inspect appearance lag and remove those that are damaged or have defects, and instead of them fix the bars of the same size. Use self-tapping screws to connect structural elements.
• Next, you need to start preparing the subfloor. To do this, take an unedged board and dissolve it into parts that will be less than the lag step, by about 1-2 cm.This is necessary so that the parts are not laid back to back.
• When the collection of the subfloor is finished, it is necessary to close the flooring and joists from above with a vapor barrier tier.
• After - install the logs for the construction of the finished floor and place the selected insulation between them, covering it with another layer of the vapor barrier.
• Determine if you need an additional counter grill. If there is a gap of 20 mm without it, feel free to lay the previously dismantled floorboards.

If you work in a room with high humidity, replace the vapor barrier layer with a waterproofing layer.

According to a similar principle, the floor is insulated in a wooden house on screw piles, with the exception that between wooden base (mounted skeleton) and thermal insulation is laid a layer of wind protection, which is necessary to prevent weathering of the insulating raw material.

Above the cellar

With such a task, it will be convenient to carry out work in a non-standard way, and insulate the floor from the underground:

• To do this, you need to go down to the cellar and attach a moisture-proof film to the bottom of the ceiling.
• Further, a beam or a thin lathing is attached to both sides of the beams, but if the room is damp, a galvanized plasterboard profile is used.
• The insulation is cut to a size slightly larger than the lag step (up to 30 mm), so that it fits tightly between them, leaving no gaps.
• The transverse strips are attached to the previously fixed support bar or the material used instead of it to support the insulator, a waterproofing layer and a topcoat are applied to them at the discretion of the owner.

According to this scheme, insulation is also placed on the side of the first floor.

On a concrete underground

In a wooden house with concrete floors the process of warming can be carried out in two ways: traditionally - on the logs and by equipping the screed. The choice depends only on the funds allocated for materials and work. The first option is more often chosen - due to the speed of its execution, where a plank flooring is obtained at the finish.

It is much easier to make a concrete slab warm - it initially has a flat surface, and the weight of the entire insulating layer does not matter.

Applying the first method, it is necessary to mount a lathing on concrete, replacing the logs, using bars. It is between them that the insulation will be located. Boards are fastened with anchors. Their thickness depends on the type of insulation, so you need to make all measurements in advance. At the end, the finishing floor is laid. Between wooden structure and a layer of vapor barrier spreads over it. If the latter is not available, you can use a thin plastic wrap.

Insulation of a reinforced concrete slab under a screed is even easier. The best option thermal insulation is expanded polystyrene or the so-called "Penoplex". It is attached to reinforced concrete, and all the cracks formed are blown out with foam. Further, either a screed of reinforcing mesh and concrete is equipped, or a flooring of OSB, drywall or plywood is laid, on which the topcoat is subsequently mounted.

The above preparation is suitable for the formation of any type of "warm floor" system: electric or water.

If you use a layer of expanded clay instead of polystyrene, you can significantly reduce the cost of the structure. The layer of supernova isolon and penofol will be reliable and of high quality.

Arrangement of a double floor

It should be noted that this option is suitable only for rooms with high ceilings, in small rooms, it will take up a lot of space (up to 20 cm).

But on the other hand, such a technology will allow you to insulate the floor in an old wooden house without taking apart the already lying floor. For its implementation you will need:

• Dismantle the skirting boards and prepare the supporting surface - replace damaged areas, seal cracks and cracks with polyurethane foam.
• By analogy with other options, after the formation of a high-quality subfloor, logs are laid with a step of 60-90 cm.If the flooring is planned from OSB, 30-40 cm will be enough.
• In this case, you need to use the level, and in the places of inconsistencies, saw off the upper edges of the beams with a plane.
• After providing a flat surface, the base is covered with a moisture-proof layer with a 10-centimeter margin on the walls.
• Between the lags, the selected type of insulation is laid and covered with waterproofing.
• After - the flooring and the selected cladding option are mounted.
• At the very end, the missing plinths are screwed on - in this way you can mount the insulation from above - without opening the floor.

Regardless of what kind of insulation is chosen: bulk, roll, plate - it is important between it and floor covering leave clearance for ventilation. If the lag height is not enough for this, a counter-lattice is formed.

№	Floor board thickness, mm	Distance between lags, cm
1	20	30
2	25	40
3	30	50
4	35	60
5	40	70
6	45	80
7	50	100

Outcome

Now you know how to properly insulate the floor in the house. Estimate the height of the room, inspect the condition of the existing flooring, plan methods and determine with the heat insulator in advance. Choose only quality materials from trusted manufacturers and when carrying out work, follow the instructions clearly - then the design will reliably and for a long time serve you and future generations.

How to insulate the floor video instruction

Floor insulation in a wooden house: 15 better ways

The coldest surface of a house is, of course, the floor. This usually applies to the first least protected floor of the building, as well as isolated wooden houses... Why is the floor in a lower-rise apartment always cold? This is due to the fact that the air rushes down. Drafts blow from under the floor from below. To minimize heat loss, you have to insulate the floor in the house.

This procedure is especially necessary in houses with a classic eco-friendly wooden deck... Even if you put wood elements (boards) tightly together, they will dry out over time. From the crevices will certainly start to see through. This will naturally lead to heat loss.

Also read the materials:

The following sequence of works awaits you.

• Installing a log from a tree (it is important to do it correctly).
• Securing the boards and wooden boards (on lags). Such a coating will serve as the necessary auxiliary base. Insulation will need to be laid on it.
• Between the lags - laying the insulation. Stack the material tightly. Either with a sealant or high-quality polyurethane foam, fill the gaps formed between the existing logs and the sheets to be laid.
• Lay the vapor barrier material on top of the insulation. Attach the vapor barrier to the joists. In this case, it is better to glue the gaps and joints with metallized tape.
• Installation of finished wood flooring is the final stage.

Before designing a layer of thermal insulation, decide on the thickness of the selected material. The latter will depend on climatic conditions, on the type of insulation.

For each case, thermal insulation is selected individually.

How to insulate the floor in a wooden house: the choice of material

The quality of flooring insulation directly depends on the correct choice of material. Today on the Russian construction market there is a wide selection of heat insulators.

Penoplex, stone and mineral wool, expanded polystyrene and commonly used fiberglass are popular types of thermal insulation. Each of them has its own pros and cons. Which is better?

1. Fiberglass, stone and mineral wool - these materials have good thermal protection properties and excellent sound absorption. If you want to lay the insulation in one layer, then use a roll or mats. The latter are considered a more elastic and durable material. the site advises to lay the elements of insulation between the logs or under the rough flooring. Both options are acceptable.
2. Penoplex and expanded polystyrene can also be used. At the same time, they will delight you with a democratic price, high thermal insulation of the structure and durability. From these materials, thermal insulation is performed by spraying. This is an effective, fairly fast and economical method. This method is most often used in new homes.

Advantage of expanded polystyrene:

• minimal water absorption, and, accordingly, resistance to water;
• excellent thermal insulation qualities;
• form stability;
• high strength material;
• volume stability;
• long service life;
• biological type stability;
• immunity to various microorganisms;
• the material is environmentally friendly.

The advantages of mineral wool:

• the material is low in density;
• the level of thermal conductivity is negligible;
• long operational life;
• affordable price;
• incombustibility;
• environmentally friendly material;
• high level of water repellency;
• high chemical resistance.

All of the above materials meet environmental requirements:

• The better the expanded polystyrene, the more environmentally friendly it is. It must be dried well so that no volatile compounds remain in the material. Otherwise, at elevated temperatures, they can poison a person. Styrene can cause toxic hepatitis, rare leukemia, etc.
• You will be able to fit into the tight bounds of ecology by using fiberglass or mineral wool, provided these materials use harmless resins. Phenol-formaldehyde resins that are undesirable can be identified by the brown or yellow tint of the material.

Durability of thermal insulation

Various qualities have to be considered when choosing a particular material. For example, with some load on the heat-protective layer, it will no longer be able to restore the original volume - some of the fibers will simply break. That is why such raw materials do not fit tightly to the joists and floor beams. As a result, cold bridges are inevitably created on structures. Condensation can also appear where the thermal insulation is loose.

In order not to miscalculate with the choice and buy good quality insulation, press on a small piece of it (for example, step on it). If after such a test it takes its former shape, then it suits you. If it remains wrinkled and flat, then it is best to refuse such a product.

Is it possible to improve the thermal insulation qualities? When insulating, you cannot do with mats alone. They often use insulated finishing options: heat-insulating linoleums, double-layer carpets .. Other materials can also not be neglected. The ground floor can be made warmer by insulating the foundation. Basements should be carefully checked and all cracks repaired.

We insulate the wooden floor along the logs

Most often, floor insulation in a wooden house is implemented through the use of logs. It is quite simple to implement and at the same time very effective. In any case, you can eliminate significant heat loss. This method is especially relevant for the basement and first floor, where the floors are closest to the ground.

The technology goes like this:

• Install on the base of the T-bar. Observe the step per meter.
• Then fix the boards or shields, on which you will later lay the insulation. They must be fastened to a special type of cranial bars or hemmed from below.
• Then lay the insulation on the flooring between the joists.
• Next, you will have to take care of steam and waterproofing. True, the need for this procedure arises only in individual cases. It all depends on the type of insulation. So, this procedure will be relevant if you use ecowool or mineral wool. Lay the vapor barrier sheets with an overlap of fifteen centimeters. Its edges should "climb" on the wall by about ten centimeters. For waterproofing, you can use either simple plastic wrap or special materials.
• The final stage is installation and finishing of the flooring.

Important! You can also make floor thermal insulation along the logs, which are laid on even brick columns. Insulation boards must be laid between these posts (foam, fiberglass, mineral wool). A layer of insulation must be covered with a layer of vapor barrier on top.

An invariable advantage of thermal insulation along the logs is the ease of work. Moreover, the method is very effective. The insulation does not experience mechanical stress, therefore, you can use any of the heat-insulating materials.

What are the materials for floor insulation

Of course, choosing insulation is not easy. You can make the floor warmer different waysusing different materials:

• isolon;
• polyurethane foam;
• polystyrene;
• penofol;
• mineral, glass, stone, slag wool;
• ecowool.

For this purpose, sawdust, foam, expanded clay are perfect. The choice depends on the characteristics of the material, personal preferences and financial capabilities.

We insulate the rough floor

The whole procedure is carried out in lags.

• Attach the bars to the sides of the fixed logs.
• Fix the boards on them with screws or nails. The latter in length should correspond to the distance between the lags.
• When an integral surface is formed, lay a vapor barrier on top: plastic wrap, glassine or some other material.
• Next, lay the insulation between the logs.
• Check that there are no gaps.
• Next is another layer of vapor barrier. The rough floor is ready.

We insulate the floor with sawdust

Sawdust is one of the common types of insulation. Its main advantage is low cost and ease of filling. Insulation can penetrate even the most inaccessible places. It is also important to mention that this material is environmentally friendly. As a heater, sawdust can be used not only in its pure form, but also mixed with appropriate building materials.

Pellets and sawdust granules

This is a granular insulation made from a mixture of sawdust, glue based on carboxymethyl cellulose and a fire retardant antiseptic. Thanks to such components, the insulation is not only an excellent heat insulator, but also antiseptic, hardly combustible.

Sawdust concrete

It can be obtained by mixing sawdust (mainly with conifers) with cement, sand and water. It is similar to cinder concrete in terms of thermal conductivity. This is an environmentally friendly material that requires good waterproofing (since it contains sawdust).

Arbolit

This material can be obtained by mixing cement with the required chemical components and organic fillers (wood chips). Usually slabs are made from this material. They are distinguished by good heat and sound insulation properties. This insulation is nonflammable, easy to process, durable.

The main disadvantage - "not indifferent" to moisture.

Of all the above materials, sawdust most often acts as a heater (without adding impurities).

We insulate the floor with mineral wool

This is a very common, popular type of insulation. It can be slag, stone, glass. Absolute incombustibility is one of the main advantages. The advantages also include: chemical and biological resistance, thermal and noise protection properties.

It is necessary to mention the disadvantages: low vapor permeability and mechanical strength.

The material is hygroscopic, resulting in a decrease in thermal insulation properties. Pay close attention to the vapor barrier when installing mineral wool. Such material also cannot be called absolutely safe for human health.

It is sold with plates and mats. The latter form is made from hydrophobized mineral wool. The blue stripe marks the hard side of the slab. Please note that the markings must face upwards when laying. Among manufacturers the most popular are "Rockwool" and "Izovol".

It is based on mineral fibers. Izovol has low thermal conductivity. It has much more hydrophobic efficiency. In addition, it is chemically and biologically stable, non-flammable.

Basaltic mineral insulation - this is the material of the Rockwool brand:

• resistant to mechanical stress;
• during operation does not shrink and practically does not deform;
• chemically and biologically resistant, non-flammable;
• low thermal conductivity of the flooring;
• absorbs sounds well due to its porous structure.
• excellent noise absorption properties.

Thermal insulation of floors with a mineral slab (video)

We insulate the floor with penofol

A new type of thermal insulation material. Not yet widely adopted.

This is a multi-layer material that is supplied in rolls and consists of a reflective layer (aluminum foil) and insulation (almost any insulation) .. For example, polyethylene foam.

The classic version of this insulation is just polyethylene foam, which is held together by foil. However, this option cannot satisfy all the requirements of modern construction. That is why various types of penofol were invented.

More high density possesses classic penofol. It can withstand higher mechanical loads. Insulation can also be used as a hydro and vapor barrier. It will show itself perfectly in tandem with heaters of a different composition.

Penofol comes with two- and one-sided foil.

Penofol-2000 became a progressive version of penofol. Foamed gas-filled polyethylene is used as a base. It costs less than its classic representative.

There is penofol and type "C" - self-adhesive. It is multilayer: polyethylene foam, contact adhesive (moisture resistant) with a release film, aluminum foil. Such insulation can be fixed on any (with few exceptions) surface thanks to glue. Accordingly, it is very easy and quick to mount it.

The material is laid on the surface of the base. Sheets can be stacked either end-to-end or overlapped. The joints must be glued with metallized tape. If you use penofol, then hydro- and vapor barrier is not necessary. Everything will be provided by aluminum foil. We recommend that you read the material about.

We insulate the floor with foam

Also one of the leading types of insulation. Possesses:

• low vapor permeability;
• significant fire resistance;
• high strength;
• low thermal conductivity;
• chemical and biological resistance;
• does not grow moldy;
• not suitable for rodents;
• high performance layer.

The disadvantages include the fact that it absorbs moisture, losing some of its properties. When using such a heater, you need to pay attention to hydro and vapor barrier.

For insulation, both foamed and extruded foam are suitable. The latter has a solid structure - a mass of closed cells filled with gas molecules.

Of course, insulation has both pros and cons. The advantages include hygroscopicity, low thermal conductivity, durability, fire safety. By cons - a harmful effect on the human body.

We insulate the floor with ecowool

This insulation is made from natural materials. It consists of 78-81% waste paper, the rest is natural additives - a mixture of cellulose fibers. The binder is an organic antiseptic lignin and boric acid.

The main advantage of ecowool is safety for humans. The advantages also include:

• fire safety (smolders, not burns);
• low thermal conductivity;
• after drying, it restores the properties of thermal insulation.

The disadvantages include the high cost.

Ecowool can be applied to the surface in different ways:

• manually. Wool slabs will need to be laid between the bars on boards or boards hemmed from below. The main thing is to lay the insulation tightly and treat the joints with polyurethane foam;
• with the help of special devices - mobile blowing machines. Under the influence of pressure, the insulation is fed through the hose. There are two ways here: dry (ecowool is blown into the cavity of the floors) and wet (ecowool is applied to the walls).

Ecowool laying (video)

We insulate the floor with isolon

Insulation of a new generation. It is made of foamed polyethylene foam. Izolon was developed taking into account the new requirements for floor insulation. Has a number of advantages:

• small thickness - 2.1-10.0 cm. It is noteworthy that the level of thermal conductivity does not increase in this case;
• goes well with any material. Ideal for any gender;
• does not absorb moisture;
• does not rot, protects against the negative effects of moisture and steam;
• high operational life;
• environmentally friendly material;
• suitable for any room;
• small thickness. This significantly saves space.

We insulate the floor with polyurethane foam

This insulation (hard and soft) can be obtained from isocyanate and polyol components.

Polyurethane foam, cellular in structure (the bubbles are filled with gas and air), provides low thermal conductivity, and is lightweight. For a number of properties, it is considered one of the best materials for thermal insulation.

It is necessary to apply insulation to the surface by spraying. You will have to use special equipment. Polyurethane foam adheres perfectly to any material. No vapor barrier required.

PPU floor insulation (video)

Double floors

An effective option for insulation. The subfloor is used as the first layer (rough boards that are attached to the joists). There should be no gaps.

Try to fit all the boards tightly together. The finishing deck is mounted from above. Even a top coat made of decorative materials will do.

Often, instead of a rough base, a variety of flooring is used: embossed or smooth coatings with a high level of thermal insulation.

Said material does not collect debris. Dust and debris can be removed from it with a vacuum cleaner or swept away. The covering must be glued to the floor with an adhesive. You need to glue in separate strips. Don't forget to glue the joints too.

We insulate the fiberboard floor

For floor insulation, standard DV plates are sometimes used. Such slabs can be placed under rough floor boards or under the finishing flooring (parquet, linoleum, carpet, etc.).

The main thing is to proceed carefully and perform the styling in stages. Observe the alignment of the joints, avoid the formation of gaps.

The type of plates can be different:

• PT-100;
• M-20.

These options will keep the cold out of the house. Fiberboard for insulation can be used in combination with other heat insulators. For example, with mineral wool.

Underfloor heating system

The above system is especially relevant for floors based on cold cement screed that need good heating.

The system will evenly heat the floor surface. As a result, comfortable thermal conditions throughout the room. The humidity level in the house will drop significantly. For the first floor of an eco-friendly wooden house, a water one is especially relevant. You can read the material about.

• lay concrete slabs on the base of the floor or;
• lay any kind of insulation. Its thickness should not be less than two centimeters and more than ten;
• lay a reinforcing mesh;
• attach the piping system to the mesh with plastic clamps;
• fill the floor with a cement-sand mixture;
• use a backing if necessary;
• mount the topcoat.

You can find out about the device and installation technology.

We create an electric floor heating system

It is much easier to install it. As heating, cable structures, safe infrared film elements are used here.

The cable can be stretched, if necessary, on a metal mesh, which is previously required. Film elements can be attached directly to a screed, insulated with some kind of heat insulator.

We invite you to find out by reading the corresponding article on our website.

The variety of heaters can be confusing for buyers. We list some of the most common types of heat insulators:

• Thermolife. This material is usually used for light loads on the thermal insulation layer. Most often, they insulate the walls, roof, interfloor space. Equally well applicable on planes of different inclination.
• Ursa. Insulation popular among specialists. Especially common in the finishing of horizontal surfaces. Advantages: good heat and sound insulation properties.
• Insulate. Manufactured in China. Available in rolls. High quality at a low price. It will be used in a variety of areas.

You can insulate the floor in different ways and independently. The choice is great. Go for it!