How to properly insulate and sheathe a frame house. How and how to reliably insulate the walls of a frame house from the outside. Polyfoam and expanded polystyrene for wall insulation of frame houses. What to choose

Prefab houses are pre-fabricated structures and are the main type of residential buildings in the USA, Canada, Finland, Germany and Sweden. With the onset of the new millennium, the frame construction technology finds more and more supporters among our compatriots. However, the climate of the above countries is still milder, therefore, in most of Russia, construction frame house requires the use of additional insulation. Some of its types will be discussed in this short article.

A number of requirements are imposed on insulation, as, indeed, to any other material that is used for. The most important among them are:

• Ease, as most residential frame structures erected on light types of foundations (pile, columnar, etc.) However, if used, then this requirement can be neglected;
• Resistant to flame and high temperatures, this is one of the basic requirements in a wooden house;
• Resistant to humid environments, especially if interior decoration natural "breathable" materials are used;
• The ability to ensure tightness, i.e. the minimum number of seams, or better, their complete absence;
• Elasticity, since frame houses tend to "move" during the entire period of operation, this is due to alternating drying and moisture collection by wood;
• Long service life without loss of thermal insulation properties. True, this requirement is not so critical, since it is quite easy to open the wall of a frame house and replace the old insulation, but it is still better to do without it;
• Environmental friendliness and safety for human and domestic animal health. This requirement, perhaps, does not need additional comments.

The main types of insulation

Progress in all spheres of human life does not stand still, including in the construction industry, therefore every year new types of insulation for walls, floors and ceilings, foundations, etc. appear on the building materials market. If only a couple of decades ago, only mineral wool, sawdust (shavings), and expanded clay with slag were available to an ordinary person, today it is much richer. In addition to the above, these include:

• Ecowool;
• Sprayed polyurethane foam.

Mineral or basalt wool is one of the most popular insulation materials for. This material is resistant to combustion and high temperatures, environmentally friendly, and has good sound insulation. The latter property is very important in frame structures. To understand what the thermal insulation characteristics of mineral wool, it will be enough to say that a layer of this material with a thickness of 50 mm is equal in properties to the thickness of a brickwork of 580 mm.

With regard to the insulation technology itself, the construction of the frame is carried out initially with the expectation that slabs of mineral (basalt) wool will be used. Between the posts timber frame leave a distance of 60 cm, which equals standard width thermal insulation material.

Basalt slabs should be laid tightly so that there is not too much free space between them and the outer and inner walls, but they should not be pressed too hard either, as this can damage the material over time and form "cold bridges".

Expanded polystyrene (PPS) in slabs is a foamed thermoplastic, which consists of fused granules. It may seem surprising, but the insulation boards themselves consist of 98% of air, which is filled with both the granules themselves and the space between them, and only 2% of polystyrene. Of all types of insulation for frame structures expanded polystyrene plates are the lightest.

With prolonged exposure to expanded polystyrene, vegetable, animal and paraffin oils, fats, diesel fuel and petrolatum influence. PPP is unstable to various kinds of organic solvents, but it does not dissolve or swell in water, practically does not gain moisture, is durable and resistant to decay. This material is not assimilated by animals and microorganisms, therefore it is not used by them as feed and does not provide a breeding ground for bacteria and fungi.

Ecowool, which consists of 80% cellulose and 20% of various components (binders and fire retardants), in our country relatively recently began to be used as a heater for frame houses, although, for example, in the States this material was widely used in 70 -s of the last century. For comparison, it must be said that a layer of ecowool with a thickness of 130 mm in terms of its thermal insulation characteristics is equivalent to the thickness of a wall made of aerated concrete of 600 mm.

In fact, ecowool is a waste of paper production, which is treated with brown acid or ammonium sulfates (prevents combustion) and boric acid (prevents decay). It is resistant to combustion, harmless to human and animal health, does not rot and is not very favored by rodents.

However, when choosing this material, one must take into account the following feature: ammonium sulfates and phosphates, when interacting with boric acid, lose their fire retardant properties over time. In addition, these connections can become a source unpleasant odor... Therefore, you should purchase ecowool, in which only brown acid (borax) is used as a fire retardant, which does not lose its properties and is odorless.

Another loose insulation is woodworking waste - sawdust. Perhaps this is the most cheap way insulate the house. Some workshops for the production of furniture give away sawdust free of charge if a person independently removes the waste from the territory.

True, it should be remembered that for insulation you can use sawdust only of a sufficiently large fraction, and those remaining after cutting the primary wood.

Thus, sawdust from chipboard, fiberboard, MDF panels and other materials, in the production of which various binders are used, are not suitable not only for environmental safety reasons, but also because they are too small and are, in fact, fine dust ...

Besides being cheap, wood sawdust also has a number of other advantages:

• Absolute harmlessness to others;
• Excellent thermal insulation characteristics;
• Excellent sound absorption properties.

However, there are also a number of disadvantages. So, for example, the low cost can be leveled by the need to use manual labor when forming the heat-insulating layer. Sawdust over time tends to caking, which after a while will force work to open the walls and replace them.

If you do not add lime during backfilling, the sawdust will quickly begin to rot. Also, mice and rats have a rather strange love for this material, so the outer parts of the walls should be well protected from their penetration. The figure below shows a possible scheme for insulating the walls of a frame house using sawdust.

Expanded clay has been used as a heater for almost a century. A huge advantage of expanded clay is its almost one hundred percent resistance to fire, as well as environmental friendliness, because it is made from light-alloy clay or shale rock by swelling and firing. The method of production of expanded clay determines the porosity of its structure, which, in turn, makes it lightweight and soundproof. Also, expanded clay granules are not subject to decay and small rodents do not like them very much. Over time, it does not lose its properties.

True, this material also has a full set of disadvantages.

Firstly, the relative fragility of the granules does not allow to apply great efforts during compaction during backfilling into the walls, which can lead to the formation of significant voids and “cold bridges”.

Secondly, expanded clay is hygroscopic, and the absorbed moisture is not released, but dries out gradually, that is, when used in rooms or climates with high humidity, the walls will constantly absorb water.

According to the form and size of fractions, expanded clay is divided into three types:

1. Crushed stone. Granules of this fraction are large, acute-angled, the size ranges from 20 to 40 mm.
2. Gravel. Granules are oval in shape, size is about 10–20 mm.
3. Sand. The finest fraction, the size of the granules does not exceed 10 mm in diameter.

To insulate frame houses, a mixture of all three fractions should be used, where 60–70% should be gravel, 20% - sand and 10% - crushed stone. Instead of expanded clay, slag is sometimes used, but this material is quite harmful to health and does not provide adequate thermal insulation.

By itself, polyurethane foam (PPU) is included in the group of gas-filled plastics, which are based on polyurethane. Just like expanded polystyrene, this insulation is 90% air. For the insulation of frame houses, sprayed polyurethane foam is used.

The use of this material allows not only to get rid of the need to install vapor barrier and wind and moisture protection from membrane materials, but also to significantly reduce the money and time spent on erecting the supporting frame of the structure. But the thickness of the polyurethane foam layer should be at least 120-200 mm (200-300 mm when using extruded polystyrene). Only a house with such a layer of polyurethane foam insulation can be considered truly energy efficient. A layer of polyurethane foam with a thickness of 70-80 mm corresponds to SNiP for enclosing wall structures, while a layer of 100-120 mm corresponds to SNiP for enclosing roof structures.

PPU spraying perfectly solves the problem of "cold bridges", and also copes with the rather difficult task of fastening such building structures as doors and windows, which can only be installed using this material. Polyurethane foam eliminates possible problems with distortions and shrinkage, which is very important in a frame house. Another rather significant advantage of this type of insulation: it performs a protective function for the frame elements.

All wooden racks, beams, logs are completely protected from decay (however, they must dry completely before installation), since PU foam has extremely low vapor permeability and is practically impermeable to oxygen.

However, the last of the named properties makes it necessary to equip frame houses with high-quality ventilation.

The thickness of the insulation layer depends on several factors. The first and foremost is the type of insulation. The second is the climate of the area where frame housing is being built. For example, if in the Krasnodar Territory 100 mm (2 layers of standard slabs) of basalt wool will be enough, then in the Arkhangelsk region 200 mm will be needed, and 150 mm (3 layers) should be located between the frame posts, and 50 mm (1 layer) must be fixed outside, to cover all frame beams and prevent the formation of "cold bridges".

Of course, when calculating the required amount insulating material can be guided by life observations by asking neighbors, friends and acquaintances of self-taught builders who have already dealt with frame houses, but it is better to use a scientific approach and apply a simple formula: δt \u003d R x λut, where λout is the thermal conductivity of the insulation, and R is thermal resistance of walls. You can consider the application of the formula with a specific example: during the construction of a frame house, where interior walls from plywood with a thickness of 6 mm, and outer ones from OSB-boards with a thickness of 9 mm, it is necessary to calculate the thickness of the layer of basalt wool.

The thermal resistance of the walls of any residential building located in the Moscow region should, on average, be R \u003d 3.20 m2 * 0C / W. This value varies by region. Information about the thermal conductivity of this or that material can be found in the certificate for the product, its presence in it is mandatory, the absence of such should alert the buyer, as this may be evidence of a low-quality and even harmful material.

The thickness of the thermal insulation layer for the frame structure is determined by the same formula: δt \u003d R x λout. Basalt wool has a thermal conductivity of 0.045 W / m * 0С, therefore, in this case, the thickness of the insulation layer should be δt \u003d R x λut \u003d 3.20 x 0.045 \u003d 0.14 m.That is, you need 2 layers of slabs, as already mentioned higher when comparing the construction of a frame house in the Arkhangelsk region and the Krasnodar Territory.

Video

Watch a video on choosing the best insulation for a frame house.

Frame houses are built quickly and are inexpensive. If you plan to use the building during a warm period, they are often limited to the standard insulation provided by the project. But over time, you may want to go out of town not only in summer. To make living in it comfortable, it is necessary to insulate the frame house.

It is preferable to insulate frame house even at the construction stage, but the finished structure can be made warmer. The industry produces a range of materials that not only have thermal insulation properties, but also contribute to improving sound insulation. The most popular insulation materials are mineral wool, glass wool, expanded polystyrene, ecowool, and foam. Bulk materials can also be used for this purpose.

Insulation is carried out both inside and outside. Each of the technologies has its own characteristics. Several methods are used to mount the heat-insulating layer outside:

• hinged;
• wet;
• spraying a liquid heat insulator;
• facing.

Inside, polystyrene foam is often used or ecowool, penoizol, polyurethane are sprayed. Also use different kinds plating: reinforced plaster, which is putty and pasted over with wallpaper. Painting or installation of decorative panels made of MDF, lining or drywall is possible. The latter option requires a decorative coating. The most reliable is the cross-insulation of a frame house.

Popular heaters

Warming a frame house with mineral wool, which has several varieties, is the most common way to prepare a room for winter. Mineral wool is available in rolls, slabs and cylinders. Cylinders are ideal for insulating pipelines. Rolls are used to cover all interior surfaces of residential buildings, while slabs are suitable for those structures that must withstand heavy loads.

Cotton wool also differs in composition. Stone (basalt) is made from rocks formed as a result of a volcanic eruption. Raw material - gabbro-basalt rocks. Basalt wool can withstand temperatures up to 1200 0 С. Stone wool are distinguished by high density and low thermal conductivity, the material is not flammable, and is an excellent sound insulator.

Glass wool is made from sand, soda, dolomite and broken glass. Long fibers make it more durable than stone. The elastic material easily regains its shape after deformation.

Glass wool can be operated at temperatures from +45 0 to -60 0 C. It is resistant to chemical attack, does not react with metal. This material does not shrink, is frost-resistant, has low hygroscopicity, is lightweight, and is a good sound absorber. However, it cannot be used to insulate chimneys, since it burns out with prolonged contact with hot surfaces.

Slag wool is a type of mineral wool obtained from recycled blast furnace slag. Contains many harmful compounds, not applicable for internal insulation. Low price and high heat-insulating, sound-absorbing properties, ease of installation, long service life lead to the fact that this unsafe material is widely used in construction.

Important! When working with mineral wool, it is very important to take into account the fragility of its fibers. You can work with it only with glasses and a respirator, protecting your hands with gloves. Contact with skin and mucous membranes can cause irritation and allergic reactions.

Work order

If a decision is made to insulate a frame house with your own hands - step-by-step instruction looks something like this:

• wall covering with a heat insulator outside;
• wall covering from the inside;
• hydro and thermal insulation of the floor;
• hydro and thermal insulation of the ceiling;
• work with windows.

Insulation outside

Hinged method

Horizontal bars with a cross section of 50x50 mm are stuffed along the outer walls of the house. The distance between the bars should be 1 cm less than the width of the selected insulation. Heat insulating material is selected with a thickness of at least 5 cm. Insulation blocks are placed between the bars so that they enter between the guides with effort. On top of the crate with heat-insulating material, waterproofing is stuffed, which will protect the insulation from getting wet and will serve as a barrier to the wind. The waterproof membrane sheets are overlapped to eliminate the formation of gaps.

Another crate is stuffed on top of the film, the task of which is to create an air gap between the insulation and the finishing. Siding is most often used as an external coating; finishing with a board with subsequent painting is possible. The blockhouse looks great as an external covering, but the price of such a finish is quite high. This method of wall insulation is called hinged.

Wet way

Insulation of a frame house with polystyrene foam is carried out using a wet method. The wet way of insulating the facade consists in fixing the thermal insulator plates to the adhesive base. Work begins with removing the old coating and leveling the walls. Then the surface is primed with a deeply penetrating primer. The starting bar is attached to the wall, it should be 25-30 cm below the overlap of the first floor. The thickness of the plank is chosen equal to the thickness of the insulation, which is usually used as foam or basalt slabs.

The polyurethane glue is heated to room temperature, shaken, then applied with a special gun. You can also use a cement mixture by adding 0.3 parts of water to 1 part of the dry mixture and mixing thoroughly. This glue base must be used up in the first 3 hours after preparation.

The glue is applied to the board with a notched trowel and glued starting from the bottom. The layout of the plates is used the same as for brickworkto avoid vertical gaps. The resulting cracks foaming. After the glue dries, the boards are reinforced with plastic dowels. Then an adhesive layer is applied to the wall, into which the reinforcing mesh is embedded. After drying, another adhesive layer is applied.

The resulting surface is sanded, primed and painted. Above such a façade, a water drainage canopy must be installed.

Insulation of a frame house with penoplex, that is, extruded polystyrene foam, is performed in the same way as with foam. Both of these materials provide excellent protection from the cold, but they are fire hazardous! You must remember this when choosing them for thermal insulation.

Spraying liquid heat insulator

For this, polyurethane foam is used. The advantages of the method include obtaining a continuous layer that excludes cold bridges. Polyurethane foam is distinguished by strength, frost resistance, resistance to chemical attack. On the other hand, the material ages under the influence of ultraviolet radiation and temperature changes. Blowing foam between the walls can cause damage due to excessive expansion of the insulator. The main disadvantage of polyurethane foam is its high flammability. The use of the material requires increased fire safety measures.

The wall is cleaned of dirt and dust, a crate is mounted on it. Semi-rigid polyurethane foam is applied to the wall under high pressure... Work is carried out in a protective suit.

After the foam hardens, the excess is cut off. Plaster is applied on top of the coating, or painted with acrylic or silicate dyes. From above the facade is covered vinyl siding or sheathed with clapboard.

Insulation by facing

It is based on covering the walls with clinker facade thermal panels. This is a cross between a thermal insulator and finishing material... Thermal panels are a sandwich structure consisting of polyurethane foam, marble chips and decorative ceramics made of refractory slate clay - clinker tiles. This finish has excellent thermal insulation properties, high strength and durability, attractive appearance... The decorative surface is not afraid of mechanical stress. The cost of such a coating is high, but the ability to use clinker tiles for finishing any type of walls and do without repairs makes it attractive to the consumer.

The walls of a frame house can also be insulated with expanded clay, although this method is not very suitable for light structures, because the walls must withstand the load of the insulation itself. But its low price speaks in favor of expanded clay.

Expanded clay is distinguished by:

• high density;
• increased thermal conductivity;
• poor moisture absorption and poor fluid loss.

Using expanded clay as a wall insulation, care must be taken to strengthen the internal and external rough finish. However, it is better to use this material for the floor and ceiling, and cover the walls with other, more modern heat insulators.

Insulation from the inside

Insulation of a frame house from the inside is made two-layer. The first layer 5 cm thick is laid flush with the logs and jibs. The second layer of 10 cm is placed between the racks and closed on top with a vapor barrier. The film is laid with the smooth side facing the thermal insulation. The strips are overlapped, the seams between them are glued with tape.

Important! The thermal insulation must completely fill all the gaps, it must not be tamped.

Interior partitions are also equipped with a heat-insulating layer that performs soundproofing functions and prevents the formation of drafts. If the slabs are laid in 2 layers, then the laying is done with an interval of seams. Vapor barrier in the interior partitions is not needed, but the insulation is closed on both sides with glassine so that fiber particles do not penetrate into the room.

Floor thermal insulation

For the correct arrangement of a frame house, it is necessary to insulate the floor. In this case, the same scheme is applied as for internal wall insulation. Foam or mineral wool is used as insulation. To do this, dismantle the finished floor, clean the inner surfaces, lay waterproofing and make a frame for insulation plates. Plates should be placed as close to one another as possible. Another layer of film is laid on top, covered with OSB or boards, on top of which a finishing coating is mounted.

Ceiling coating methods

Ceiling and roof insulation are the most important components of house insulation. Most of the energy is lost through the overhead structures. The ceiling can be covered with layers of mineral wool or foam, while the work is carried out both from the inside of the room and in the attic, closing the ceiling from above. The method of installing the insulation is similar to that used on the floor.

The internal method will avoid the appearance of excessive moisture in the room, but it will take away part of the volume of the room. Outside is easier, because working on the lower surface will not be as difficult as standing with the tool raised up.

Will have a beneficial effect on temperature regime in the house and roof insulation. To do this, a crate is mounted under the roof, which is filled with plates of the selected material. Waterproofing is pulled under the slabs, covering both the roof and the beams with a film.

Between the rafters, a timber with a section of 50x50 mm is stuffed, plates are laid in the formed boxes. The width of the plates should slightly exceed the gap of the box so that the insulation enters between the guides with effort. A vapor barrier film is pulled over the slabs and the ceiling is covered with plasterboard.

Windows and doors

To eliminate heat loss through the windows, it is best to install double-glazed windows. But even old windows can provide protection from the cold if they are repaired.

All broken and cracked glass should be replaced, the joints between the glass and the frame should be treated with silicone. All cracks in the frames must be putty or sealed with a sealant, and then painted.

If it was not possible to defeat the drafts, it is necessary to identify the cracks through which heat loss occurs, and seal them with polyurethane foam. All opening parts should be glued with a sealant, and those that will not open in winter should be plugged with cotton wool or wet newspapers. Paper tape is glued on top. It keeps warm well, and in spring it can be removed without problems.

Doors must be upholstered at the edges with felt or rubber strip. Cold door leaf it makes sense to insulate the same way as walls. Transverse bars are stuffed onto the canvas, between which insulation is laid. OSB or plywood is stuffed on top of the structure.

Frame houses are especially popular today: they are easily and quickly assembled, do not require the arrangement of a hardened and expensive foundation, are inexpensive, which means they are available to all segments of the population.

Nevertheless, many do not dare to build houses using frame technology, since they consider them not warm enough, intended exclusively for summer residence. However, this opinion is erroneous, because if you wisely approach the insulation of a panel house, you can feel comfortable in it at any time of the year. "But how to insulate a frame house for winter residence? "- you ask. The answer to all questions related to the process of warming such buildings will be our article today.

Warming options

First of all, you need to decide where you will install the thermal insulation - outside the building or from the inside. To make the right decision, you should consider the features of each method of insulation.

The following facts speak in favor of the external location of thermal insulation:

In the process, the interior of the house does not suffer at all.

Wooden walls accumulate the heat inside the room, and when the temperature drops, they give it back to the room, allowing you to save on heating.

It should also be noted that the insulation material installed outside the house, in addition to its main function, reliably protects the facade from the harmful effects of moisture, ultraviolet radiation and temperature fluctuations. As a result, the service life of the building is significantly increased.

If you are wondering how to insulate the walls in a frame house from the inside, pay attention to several disadvantages of this method:

For the interior, you will need to dismantle all the decorative finishing of the room, which will have to be restored again after installing the thermal insulation. This leads to an increase in the time required to complete the work and to additional costs.

With internal insulation, streams of warm and cold air meet inside the wall, which leads to the accumulation of moisture in the room, as a result, the service life of wooden walls is significantly reduced.

The insulation layer located inside the building does not protect the facade from external factors. The wall goes through many cycles of freezing and thawing, as a result of which its structure collapses.

The choice of insulation material

Asking the question of how to insulate a frame house for winter living, it should be understood that when it comes to walls made of chipboard materials, the insulation must have the following qualities:

1. Environmental friendliness. The heat insulator must not release substances hazardous to humans into the air (even when heated).

2. Fire safety. Materials should be chosen that prevent the spread of fire along the walls of the building and do not emit much smoke in the event of a fire.

3. Low thermal conductivity.

4. Strength. should fit snugly between the walls and maintain its original shape over time.

5. Low cost. The price of insulation should not exceed the cost of the building itself.

Closest to the above requirements foam polystyrene and mineral wool are considered.

Expanded polystyrene

The main advantages of polystyrene include its low weight, which is very important when it comes to frame structures. The material perfectly tolerates sudden temperature fluctuations, is not afraid of moisture and does not freeze.

The durability and low cost of foam attracts many homeowners, but along with the positive qualities, this insulation also has disadvantages.

These include:

Rapid flammability;

Susceptibility to mechanical and chemical damage;

Poor air permeability (which creates a thermos effect in the house).

As an alternative, many use an improved type of foam - penoplex, which is resistant to all kinds of damage, but has a higher price tag.

Most often, this insulation is installed from the outside of the house.

Mineral wool

The most popular material used as thermal insulation in frame houses is Isover mineral wool (insulation, the price of which, in comparison with similar materials, is rather low). On the market, it is found in the form of rolls, mats and durable boards.

It is characterized by environmental friendliness, light weight, excellent heat and sound insulation performance, the ability to bend around any irregularities, as well as the duration of operation.

The fire safety of a material depends entirely on its density. Products in the form of plates do not burn at all.

When choosing this insulation for frame walls, it should be borne in mind that after a while the cotton wool can cake and sag, which leads to a violation of the integrity of the thermal insulation layer. Also, due attention must be paid to waterproofing, because when wet, glass wool loses its original properties and becomes a favorable environment for mold.

Insulation of the facade

Let's take a closer look at how to insulate a frame house for winter living from the outside.

For these purposes, you can use the technology It implies the installation of insulation between outside wall and decorative cladding... In this case, the thickness of the insulating layer directly depends on the climatic conditions in the region of residence (20 cm or more).

This method can also be used for internal wall insulation, and use lining or drywall as finishing.

Thermal insulation technology of external walls with foam

1. The wall is cleaned of dirt and dust, all protrusions are smoothed out. The base is completely treated with a primer, and if cracks are found, they are covered with special adhesives.

2. Next, install vertical hangers. Nylon strings with weights are placed at a distance of 0.5 m from each other in order to identify and eliminate all irregularities (if the walls of the panel house are as even as possible, this stage can be skipped).

3. With the help of special glue, the foam plates are fixed to the walls. It is very important that the material fits as tightly as possible to the base.

4. A finishing material is installed on top of the heat-insulating layer.

Insulation of internal walls

Now let's figure out how to insulate a frame house with mineral wool.

You should start laying the insulation only after the wall has been treated with antiseptic compounds.

Installation of thermal insulation includes the following works:

1. On the walls, a vapor-permeable one is placed so that its smooth side "looks" into the room.

2. On top of the membrane, using self-tapping screws, guide rails made of wood or metal are installed. The distance between the slats must match the width insulation material.

3. Installation of mineral wool can be started both from the top and from the bottom of the wall. If you use roll-up "Izover" (insulation, the price of which varies between 1500-2000 rubles per package), you should start laying from the ceiling. Mineral wool in mats is mounted starting from the floor. Fastening is carried out using dowels with a wide head.

4. On top of the insulation is located For these purposes, you should choose vapor-permeable products that will contribute to the natural ventilation of the room. The film is fixed with wooden slats so that it is not too taut and does not sag. Next, the cladding is mounted.

Conclusion

Now you know how to insulate a frame house for winter living. At the end of the topic, I would like to draw your attention to the fact that thermal insulation will not make the building suitable for living in the cold season - it is designed to keep warm air inside the building. Therefore, if you want your home to be warm and comfortable even in severe frosts, take care of heating it.

Frame houses are deservedly considered healthy housing, since the main material of such houses is wood, which does not lose its relevance from year to year. Frame construction popular and developing in many construction companies, as well as in the private sector.

A frame house is an ideal option for inexpensive and attractive housing, and more than 20% of construction is currently underway. The cost of materials and work for the construction of a frame house starts from 300-500 thousand rubles, which is much less than the cost of a small but full-fledged apartment. Even in such an inexpensive frame house, you can create comfortable living conditions, not only by finishing, but also by creating proper insulation frame house.

Insulation of a frame house

After building the main structure, creating thermal insulation is the first thing to do. It is very important to choose the right type of insulation for a frame house.

Styrofoam

Styrofoam is the most common and cheapest option to perform step-by-step insulation frame house. This material is easy to transport, but fragile and liable to break. The disadvantages of polystyrene include its fire hazard and the release of harmful substances during combustion and even simply when the temperature rises.

The frame is lined with foam.

Insulation of a frame house with polystyrene is most often done due to low thermal conductivity, and this characteristic is the most important for insulation. Also, when insulating the walls of a frame house with foam, you can save a lot on thermal insulation work and do it yourself. When installing the foam, you do not need to make a vapor barrier.

Mineral wool

Mineral wool is an excellent noise insulator and heat insulator, the most fireproof material for insulating a frame house with your own hands. However, it can absorb moisture well enough, deteriorate under its influence, crack and collapse.

Insulation of a frame house is used with the mandatory installation of a vapor barrier, which is made from a special waterproof film. The joints of the film are overlapped and glued with reinforced tape or special adhesive tape.

Basalt wool Isover.

What you need to pay attention to when choosing a heater:

• Thermal conductivity.
• Fire resistance.
• Frost resistance.
• Noise isolation.
• Lifetime.
• Ease of installation when insulating a frame house with your own hands.

On a note

It is better to insulate a frame house with mineral wool in the form of slabs, and not rolls, because breaks and damage will be excluded.

Other types of insulation

1. Ecowool is a high-tech material, in which there is no room for rodents and insects. The material is ideal for insulating a frame house from the inside by its characteristics, its only drawback is the rather large cost of both the material and the procedure for its installation.
2. - expanded clay, slags, sawdust. Quite good insulation, which is currently used more on flat surfaces. You can insulate the roof and floor of a frame house with the obligatory use of waterproofing, as it often gets wet, settles and requires replacement.
3. Glassine - thick paper processed with bitumen. Excellent moisture insulator, excellent wind protection.
4. Polyurethane foam is a good material with a number of significant disadvantages - it is afraid of direct sunlight, high-cost insulation of a frame house from the outside.
5. Penoplex - it includes extruded polystyrene foam. Penoplex is produced with rectangular plates of different thickness from 20 to 100 mm. Insulation of a frame house with penoplex is justified by the fact that the material does not emit harmful substances. Like polystyrene, it conducts heat poorly, but is much stronger and easier to process.

Mineral wool.

The walls of the frame house are insulated after the construction of the power frame and its installation under the roof. This procedure is due to the preservation of materials from getting wet. Especially if wadded heaters are used, which lose their heat-saving properties when water gets in.

The video of the insulation of a frame house shows that mineral wool can also be installed with the internal insulation of a frame house. In the future, the insulation plates are closed with OSB or clapboard. Additional insulation of a frame house made from the inside takes up part of the usable area.

Before taking measures to strengthen the walls of a frame house, it is necessary to carry out " general cleaning», Clean all beams and niches inside the frame of the house. Seal joints and cracks with polyurethane foam.

Cross insulation

In modern house construction, cross-insulation of a frame house from the outside is popular. This method of insulation helps to get rid of cold bridges that arise at the points of contact between the insulation and the wooden frame. Also, wood itself is a cold bridge.

Vertical cross paneling.

The usual thickness of the insulation of a frame house is 150 mm, which is placed between the frame posts. The insulation is used in the form of slabs, while its width should be one cm larger than the distance between the posts, which will allow the insulation to adjoin the tree more closely.

Additionally, horizontal bars of 50x50 mm are nailed from the outside of the frame, with a distance of 590 mm between them for tight fixation of the insulation, the size of which is 600 mm. Further, a waterproof membrane is attached to the crate with a stapler and overlap, and blocks the ingress of moisture into the inside of the frame.

A counter crate is nailed onto the moisture-proof membrane and then the facade material, thereby creating a space for ventilation and removal of excess moisture. A ventilated facade is created, which is simply necessary in the technology of insulating a frame house.

On a note

There is no need to do steam and waterproofing from the outside - this will spoil the wood of the frame more. It is important to leave a small distance between the outer skin and the façade to ensure better ventilation

We insulate the ceiling.

Insulation of the ceiling of a frame house

Before carrying out work on the insulation of the ceiling in a frame house, it is necessary to install a ventilation system and think over the openings for the exit of all pipes.

From the side of the attic or, if the frame house is multi-storey, a layer of foil-clad foam is attached, also with a construction stapler, and layers of mineral wool are laid between the beams. Additional insulation will be strips of glassine laid on top of cotton wool and an unedged board.

Floor and ceiling insulation.

Floor insulation

It is better to carry out insulation after installing the power frame of the house and bringing the building under the roof in order to avoid getting the insulation material wet. it is done between the logs on the rough floor, another layer of insulation is placed on top, and then covered with sheets of chipboard or OSB.

Foam or mineral wool can be used as insulation for the floor. It is not advisable to combine these two materials in insulation due to different characteristics... The thickness of the insulation of a frame house can be quite large, but then this should be taken into account already at the design stage and leave the necessary gaps.

Pitched roof.

Roof insulation

If it is planned to equip, then the roof is insulated in the rafter system. And if the attic will not be heated, then the insulation is carried out on the overlap of the upper floor.

Insulation of the roof of a frame house can be carried out using inexpensive materials such as straw, shavings, sawdust. They are not expensive, but quite fire hazardous and susceptible to the development of microorganisms and fungal infections. Of course, this is already the last century.

We put mineral wool in the frame of the house.

There is a new scheme for the insulation of a frame house, which is based on the use of modern thermal insulation materials. Now they prefer mineral wool, polystyrene, penoplex. Also, for a flat roof, you can lay bulk insulation.

Useful Tips

• The thickness of the insulation of a house built using frame technology depends on where the insulation is intended. Typically, the thickness of the insulation is between 150 and 200 mm.
• House installation technology indicates the presence of jags and nails in the beams. In order not to damage the insulation, it is recommended to clean and grind damaged structures.
• Before starting work on internal insulation frame, seal the cracks and joints with polyurethane foam and pieces of mineral wool.

If you decide to carry out the insulation of a frame house with your own hands, the step-by-step instructions on our website will help you understand the process and do everything with minimal cost... The price of insulating a frame house will depend on many factors, therefore, first of all, choose heaters and materials that do not require special skills and equipment during installation.