Harmful plants. Beautiful But Deadly Flowers As you search your own home, you may find several poisonous plants, including Dieffenbachia. Its stem contains needle-shaped crystals, which, getting into the mouth, can damage the mucous membrane

CAUTION!

Poisonous plants!

Often in the newspapers, there are reports of poisoning of children and adults with herbs or berries, and sometimes it ends very sadly …

Out of 30,000 plants,

meeting in our country

about 1000 are poisonous.

Wolf's bast

This is the most popular poisonous plant, moreover, it can be found everywhere. You can poison yourself with its bright red berries or bark of branches, which are cut off for the sake of beautiful, lilac-like flowers. When the juice of the plant gets on the skin, pain, redness, swelling, then blisters and ulcers appear. In case of poisoning with berries - burning in the mouth and throat, difficulty swallowing, drooling, stomach pain, diarrhea, vomiting, in severe cases - cardiac arrest.

PASLEN SWEET - BITTER

From mid-summer to September, berries hang on the plants of bittersweet and black nightshade. First they are green, then red and black. Children are most often affected by eating unripe berries. Symptoms of nightshade poisoning: abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, suppression of physical and mental activity.

Belladonna

THESE POISONOUS PLANTS ALSO BELONG TO THE PASLENOV FAMILY. THEY CONTAIN SUBSTANCES ATROPINE AND SCOPOLAMINE. BY TRYING YOUNG SWEET SPROUTS, SEEDS OR TAKING APPETITE BERRIES, A PERSON FEELS DRY IN THE MOUTH, DISORDER OF SPEECH AND SWALLOWING. HIS PURPOSE EXPANDS AND VISION IS IMPAIRED, PULSE LEARNS, POSSIBLE DELUSION AND HALLUCINATIONS, IN SEVERE CASES - LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS .

THE POISONOUS AGE

In swampy places in many places you can find this tall umbrella plant with the smell of parsley. All parts are poisonous in it. Almost immediately after the poison enters the human body, headache, vomiting, and abdominal pain begin.

BLACK ELDERED

It is both medicinal and poisonous plant.

Unripe elderberries are dangerous, they contain hydrocyanic acid and are deadly poisonous in large doses in raw form.

Thermopsis

Yellow acacia

PLUSHCHEVIN

Just one seed eaten by a child is fatal.

And for an adult, a lethal dose -

8 - 10 seeds.

Plants are beautiful, but dangerous Plants are beautiful, but dangerous !!!

• Everything related to the poisonous flora is studied by the science of pharmacognosy. Its roots go back to that distant past when people explained incomprehensible phenomena by the influence of gods. The knowledge of the ancestors was passed from mouth to mouth, and thus the legends have survived to our time. In the myths of Ancient Greece, Hecate, who was the goddess of the moon, roads and sorceresses, patronized poisonous plants and knew their secrets. According to legend, the wizard-king Ayeta in his kingdom erected a temple for her on the Black Sea coast in Colchis. There in the garden, under the auspices of the goddess Hecate, the sorceresses-Pharmacids were engaged in the manufacture of various potions from poisonous plants... From the word "pharmacon" (ancient Greek), which in translation means poison, medicine, witchcraft, and came to us such words as pharmacology (the science of medicines), pharmacist (a person who makes
medicines) and pharmacognosy (the science of medicinal plants).

• Black henbane (Hyoscyamus niger) - beautiful but extremely poisonous

• Wolf bast (Daphne mezereum) - a poisonous plant with a telling name

• In ancient times they knew about poisonous plants, but did not know about toxins. The plant is harmful to human health by poisonous chemical compounds - toxins that are contained in poisonous plants. Just ask yourself one question. How many plants do you know that are dangerous to humans? But there are about 10,000 species of them on Earth, in Russian alone traditional medicine more than 160 types were used. People have long learned to make poisons from such plants. Someone tried to use them with malicious intent, and someone in medicinal purposes... It cannot be said unequivocally that poisonous plants are our enemies, since Nature itself has laid down a complex mechanism for the interaction of all life on Earth. And it is not for us to decide that some element should not be on the planet just because it is unsafe for us. Even dangerous plants cannot be destroyed, as this will disrupt the entire chain of the ecosystem. You can learn to beware and appreciate them. Appreciate for the oxygen they produce, for organic matterwhich they produce through photosynthesis. And, undoubtedly, to value the healing properties of their poisons, used in small doses.
• Poisoning with poisonous plants is possible, but only through personal inattention or ignorance. Did you know that potatoes contain the poisonous substance solanine? It really is! Only ripe tubers are suitable for consumption, and everything that is green: greened tubers, tops, inflorescences - contain corned beef, which does not collapse even during heat development. Sometimes even cherries, apricots, peaches, bitter almonds are dangerous because of the pits that children gnaw to eat the kernel. It is in this core that a very dangerous poison is located - hydrocyanic acid. Enough 0.05-0.1 grams for instant death. Poisonous substances are produced in different parts of plants, in different periods concentration may vary. For example, a poppy box, like potatoes, is safe only when ripe. The hellebore is poisonous only with its young leaves, and such plants as henbane, cockle, walker, are dangerous with ripe seeds.
• Inspect the plant carefully before using it for food. There are poisonous plants that are very similar to ordinary ones. edible plants... For example, the seeds of poppy and poisonous henbane are very similar to each other, or the fruits raven eye are similar to blueberries. Poisonous spotted hemlock resembles parsley in leaves, and anise in fruits.

• Spotted hemlock (Conium maculatum) - disguised as parsley or carrot leaves - poisonous!

• Plants that are lethal to humans serve as natural food for individual animals. For example, the hornbill feeds on poisonous chili-bukha seeds, which contain strychnine. Larks and quails peck at hemlock seeds, and forest birds eat poisonous mistletoe berries. There is an aphid that drinks the dangerous hemlock juice. Why does this happen? For one creature, the plant is a mortal danger, and for another - an additional opportunity to survive.

• Black chokeberry (Actaea spicata) - also poisonous and dangerous

• May lily of the valley (Convallaria majalis) - poisonous despite all its spring beauty, berries are especially dangerous!

• Perennial herbaceous with the smell of parsley. The stem is hollow inside, up to 130 cm in height, branched from above. Blossoms in July - August; fruits ripen in September. Distributed in Eurasia. It grows in swamps, along ditches, river banks, bushes. The plant is highly poisonous, especially the rhizome!
• The herb is a milestone poisonous.
• Cicutotoxin in non-toxic doses causes sedation, reduces physical activity and blood pressure.
• It is used in homeopathy - for epilepsy, tetanus cramps, migraines, for dizziness and malaise caused by worms. In folk medicine, infusion is used as a diaphoretic, anticonvulsant, sedative and expectorant; pain reliever. Ointment - for arthritis, back pain. Apply poisonous milestones only as directed and under the supervision of a physician. Death can occur from respiratory arrest in the presence of acute heart failure. * Milestone is toxic to farm animals. A lethal dose for cattle is 200 g of fresh rhizome, for sheep - 60-80 g. The rhizome is easily pulled out of the swampy soil when animals bite the aerial part.
• Insecticide against leaf-eating caterpillars and sawfly larvae.

• To avoid unpleasant moments in your life and the life of loved ones, especially curious children, you should "know by sight" not only useful plants, but also poisonous ones.

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Purpose: to acquaint the children with dangerous plants summer and warn them about the consequences of contact with these plants. Objectives: to collect information about poisonous plants; using various sources, determine the degree of plant hazard and first aid measures.

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Poisonous plants are plants that produce and accumulate poisons in the process of life, causing poisoning of animals and humans. More than 10 thousand species of such plants are known in the world flora. Many herbal poisons, in small doses, are valuable medicinal products. Poisonous plants - even if involuntary "offenders" are best known by sight. Let's look at the common and most dangerous poisonous plants that grow on our summer cottages, along the roads and in the forest, along the banks of reservoirs.

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nightshade sweet - bitter cow parsnip ordinary vykh poisonous castor oil fighter, he is also aconite dope raven eye black henbane Attention! You need to know them by sight

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Furanocoumarins in plant sap "attract" ultraviolet light. Children cut the stems to make pipes, touch the milky juice, and get severe burns. A drop of juice on the skin leads to sunburn on the skin of the II degree (blisters), respiratory allergen. Rinse skin with plenty of water. Common hogweed (Heracleym sphondylium) Perennial with a powerful hollow, ribbed stem, growing up to 150 cm. The stem is covered with hard hairs, the branches are in its upper part, the leaves are large. Has a pleasant spicy, poorly trapped smell. Blooms in June-July. White flowers are collected in a large umbrella. The fruits of the hogweed (two-grain) appear in August. Grows in fields, wastelands, along the banks of reservoirs.

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Bitter sweet nightshade Perennial shrub up to 180 cm in height. The berries are red, elongated; children often confuse them with barberry. A large number of toxic compounds. Psychomotor agitation, hallucinations, delirium, tachycardia, headache, dizziness, dilated pupils, dry mouth. Urgently call an ambulance, rinse the stomach before that, give any enterosorbent. (Solanum dulcamara)

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Vioh poisonous, it is also cicuta (Cicuta virosa) It grows along the banks of stagnant bodies of water, in damp places, sometimes in the water itself. Blooms in July - August. The flowers are small, white, collected in a complex umbrella. The leaves are pinnate, split in two - three ways, branchy hollow stems. The fruits are round, the rhizome is thick, divided by transverse septa into separate chambers filled with yellow juice - lethal in small doses. Poisonous substances are found in all parts, especially in the rhizome and young shoots. Neurotoxin. Abdominal pain, headache, dizziness, weakness, nausea, vomiting, difficulty breathing, pale skin, convulsions. Urgently call an ambulance, rinse the stomach before that, give any enterosorbent.

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In seeds, a dangerous alkaloid is ricin. Signs of poisoning appear after 15 hours, sometimes after 3 days. Retinal hemorrhage, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, convulsions. Urgently deliver to a medical facility. Castor oil plant (Ricinus communis) Plant up to 2-3 meters high. Stems are straight, leaves are palmate, flowers are not very decorative. Grown in gardens, flower beds. Seeds are poisonous. The alkaloid ricin has been called "one of the most potent toxins known." This substance, obtained from castor beans (the fruit of the castor bean), is many times more toxic than potassium cyanide, sarin gas and cobra venom. Cells of the lungs, liver, kidneys are affected.

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Even a dried plant contains a poison - aconitine. Itching, breathing becomes more frequent, then slows down, body temperature decreases, pain in the region of the heart, convulsions, paralysis of the respiratory muscles, death. Urgently deliver to a medical facility. If not breathing, provide mouth-to-mouth ventilation. Wrestler, aka Aconite (Aconite) Perennial herbaceous plant with an erect stem, deep-fingered leaves, blue or purple flowers. It grows in damp places along river banks and along roadsides, on humus-rich soils, in mountain meadows. The whole plant is poisonous.

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The stem of the plant is 15-40 cm tall. Blooms in May - July; bears fruit in July - August. Grows in forests, among shrubs, in shady places. All parts of the plant are poisonous, especially the rhizome and berries. The rhizome induces vomiting, and the berries act on the heart. Weed plant from unpleasant odor, stem height 30-100 cm. Blossoms in June - August; seeds ripen in July - September. Occurs near dwellings, along roads, in fields, vegetable gardens. All parts of the plant are poisonous (especially the seeds!). Poisoning causes dry mouth, skin rash, thirst, nausea and vomiting, cardiovascular disorders, mental disorder, seizures. Symptoms of poisoning develop in the interval from 10 minutes to 15 hours. Crow eye Black henbane

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Conclusion: Children are most often poisoned by poisonous plants. This also happens because they do not know which plants are poisonous. Poisonous plants cannot be taken in the mouth, some even in the hands, you cannot touch the eyes. Some poisons are found in the sap of plants, which is able to dissolve the fat that covers the surface of the skin; absorbing into the skin and getting into the blood, such juice causes poisoning. Be attentive to the nature around you! We wish you good health!

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Sources of information: http://remeslennic.ru/2012/10/ ru.wikipedia.org ›wiki / Fighter vitusltd.ru› cvet_kleshevina.html prime-flowers.ru ›yadovitye- rasteniya.html 2mm.ru› Child health ›Dangerous neighbors

Presentation on the topic "Plants are beautiful but dangerous"

The presentation was prepared by

student of grade 3 G

Kiorsak Fedor

Common plants can be poisonous. Most people are unaware that a beautiful, innocent-looking plant in their garden, home, window box, or field can be dangerous. At the very least, it can cause serious illness in children if they swallow or chew it. Children often fall prey to poisoning by poisonous plants. Pets are also tormented by eating them.

Dieffenbachia

• When you search your own home, you may find several poisonous plants, including Dieffenbachia. Its stem contains needle-shaped crystals that, when ingested, can damage the lining of the mouth and tongue and cause swelling that blocks breathing.

Rhubarb

• Garden plants pose a lot of problems for young children. The most dangerous is rhubarb. Its stem, used for food, is not toxic, but its leaf contains oxalic acid, which collects in the kidneys and can cause serious problems if enough is eaten.

Hydrangea

Hydrangea is one of the most common garden plants... An adult specimen sometimes reaches five meters in height. Hydrangea blooms greenish-white, pink or blue flowersresembling cotton candythat you just want to try. However, these flowers are not at all as innocent as they seem at first glance. Prolonged contact with them causes stomach pain, itching, nausea, and weakness.

Colchicum

Colchicum Is a very beautiful plant. Usually it grows on forest edges. In autumn, when its flowers appear, like a solid pink carpet, the glades make a fabulous impression. Colchicum contains an alkaloid. In spring, the plant is sometimes eaten by cows. Its poison is excreted in milk, which can cause poisoning of people, especially children.

Common buttercup

You should beware of field plants such as the common buttercup (its leaves are poisonous to cattle), its poison is extremely dangerous for most people, causing skin rashes (leaves, stems and even smoke from burning),

Common tansy

It grows near roads, near dwellings, in gardens, in sparse forests. The flowers are yellow, collected in small baskets resembling buttons or rowan berries. The leaves are arranged so that their edges are directed from north to south. The name "Wild mountain ash" was given to tansy for the similarity of its leaves and flowers with the leaves and berries of mountain ash. Tansy is extracted essential oil... The roots of the plants give a green color. The plant is poisonous!

Lily of the valley

Lily of the valley. This delicate plant, delight our eyes in May, is poisonous from roots to tips of its fragile white bell-flowers. Over time, even the water in which the bouquet stood becomes poisonous. If you eat lily of the valley, there are many dangerous symptoms: cramps, uneven heartbeat, indigestion, pain in the mouth and stomach, nausea. Even prolonged inhalation of the scent of this plant causes poisoning.

Chrysanthemum

Chrysanthemum is sung by almost all Japanese poets. In England, these yellow and orange flowers given in small pots for Thanksgiving and Halloween. Chrysanthemums grow slowly, but over time they can grow to huge bushes, which are bypassed by both wild and domestic animals. Do you know why? Chrysanthemum is very toxic to animals. Chrysanthemum poison is not so strong on humans, but pollen can cause itching, redness and swelling of the skin.

Ficus

The ficus is sometimes called the weeping fig tree. There are more than 800 types of ficuses. Most of them grow at home in pots, but in warm latitudes, ficuses are grown simply in the yard. The size of an adult plant, depending on the variety, ranges from 1 to 23 meters. Regardless of the variety, any Ficus is toxic. It causes allergic skin reactions, swelling and itching.

Narcissus

• These light white and bright yellow harbingers of spring are partially poisonous - the plant poison is concentrated in the bulbs. Sometimes people (more often children) confuse them with onions. Eating daffodil bulbs causes seizures, nausea, and digestive upset. For severe poisoning, you may need a dropper and bed rest.

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Flowers have always been one of the symbols of love. If someone is sick, they give him flowers. If someone cares for a woman, he presents her with a bouquet of flowers. If you are trying to apologize for something, you send flowers as a plea for forgiveness. When someone dies, flowers are presented to the deceased. Flowers are an integral part various rites in almost all cultures. It is important to know what flowers can be given and in what situations. The flowers listed below should not be touched at all. Find out more about very beautiful but poisonous flowers.

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Aconite This plant is sometimes also called the wrestler, Devil's Helmet, or Blue Rocket. handsomely flowering plant belongs to the buttercup family and is most commonly found in the Northern Hemisphere. How dangerous is this flower? Arrowheads were made from some species of flowers of the wrestler family. They were used by many cultures for hunting and during wars. If the poison of this flower enters the stomach, it causes nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting. This may be followed by burning, tingling, numbness of the face, mouth and abdomen. With large doses, death occurs instantly.

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Belladonna This flower has many other names, it's called Krasukha, Sleepy Stupor, or Crazy Berry, and it's not a joke. The plant belongs to the nightshade family and is native to Europe, North America and Western Asia. All parts of the plant are toxic. If you eat a flower, you are in great danger. Children are often attracted to their berries because they look like edible and even taste sweet. In case of poisoning, the following symptoms can be observed: dilated pupils, blurred vision, imbalance, headache, itching, facial flushing, slurred speech, confusion, hallucinations, delirium, convulsions. Death can occur if reflex body functions, such as breathing and sweating, are impaired, and help is not provided in time.

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Hemlock This poison flower belongs to the umbrella family and mainly grows in Europe and southern Africa. One of the species, Spotted Hemlock (Conium maculatum), is extremely poisonous. The plant contains a large number of alkaloids that can cause death in both humans and livestock. One of the alkaloids, horse meat, is very similar to nicotine. He interferes with the central nervous system... In case of horse meat poisoning, the following symptoms may occur: muscle paralysis, leading to paralysis of the respiratory system. As a result, the heart and brain no longer receive enough oxygen, which leads to death.

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Oleander This is a very beautiful flowering plant - extremely poisonous, although it is widely used in landscape design and even lands in schoolyards. All parts of the plant are toxic. The plant is said to be home to Portugal, Morocco and Mauritania. The flower's toxicity is quite high, so if you hear about oleander-based medications, it may raise suspicions. Symptoms of oleander poisoning are as follows: vomiting, diarrhea, excessive salivation, abdominal pain, heart palpitations, drowsiness, tremors, convulsions, and coma.

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Datura There are nine representatives of the Datura genus, the distribution of which in nature is unknown. Most of these plants can be found in the United States and Mexico. All nine species contain alkaloids that can cause death. For a long time, the plant has been used to obtain poison and as a hallucinogen. In Europe and India, there are known cases of murder and suicide using the poison of this flower. Today, in some countries, buying, selling and cultivating datura is illegal.

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Digitalis About 20 species of digitalis are known in nature, another name for this flower is foxglove. Despite its beautiful flowers, the plant is deadly poisonous. All parts of it are toxic, but the topmost leaves contain the most poison. In case of poisoning with this plant, there may be symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hallucinations, delirium, severe headaches, tremors, convulsions, and heart failure.

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May lily of the valley One of the most beautiful forest flowers - lily of the valley - is actually not as harmless as it seems. It usually grows in the cooler regions of the Northern Hemisphere, and some varieties are used as garden flowers. Despite being known medicinal properties lilies of the valley, this flower is very toxic. It is believed that it can strengthen memory and even give someone common sense. The truth is that all parts of this flower are poisonous, it has a large supply of glycosides that can disrupt the work of the heart.

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Opium poppy The drug heroin is obtained from this very plant - a beautiful red poppy. The plant contains a substance such as morphine, which is processed into heroin. Poppy has been cultivated and used for thousands of years. The drug derived from it can lead to slow death, and the latex of the plant itself can cause cardiac arrest and lung failure. Also, a narcotic substance can lead to a coma. Unfortunately, in some parts of the world, poppy is used to "treat" insomnia or diarrhea.

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Brugmansia This genus of plants includes 10 types of flowers and is most often found in the Andes of South America. It is associated with Datura, as they are similar in shape to flowers, and is often referred to as Angel Trumpet. If the poison of the flower enters the body, it causes painful symptoms in both humans and animals. Among them is the dilation of the pupils. Due to the toxicity, some countries prohibit buying, selling and cultivating brugmansia.

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Lakonos And the last one on our list is the Lakonos - a beautiful but rather poisonous flower. The flowers of this plant are the only part of it that is considered poisonous and can cause a lot of harm. If the flower is swallowed, the victim will experience nausea and vomiting. Then there may be symptoms such as excessive sweating, cramping, extreme weakness, tremors, diarrhea, bloody vomiting, and convulsions. In severe poisoning - slow breathing, dizziness, seizures, coma and death.