Simple country houses. Do-it-yourself inexpensive country house. The advantages of wood in the construction of a country house

Today's ideas for summer residents are dedicated to small country houses - the photos will be beautiful, inspiring and memorable. Many of you, dear readers, dream of having a small so-called guest house in addition to the main country house. My husband built my house - a workshop and I am very grateful to him for that.

In such a house, I paint my pictures, draw inspiration from solitude and contemplation, rest from the dacha cares and troubles. This, believe me, is extremely important, otherwise you can start falling out on your family, but why should they? Therefore, a small house is a godsend for such unloading moments of life.

By the way, materials for the construction of such a house can be taken at bargain prices, or even obtained practically free of charge, as in the case of my husband's brother. He lives in the Novgorod region and at the sawmill they sold him a slab car for 500 rubles.

But the croaker is also a very good building material. The main thing is to process and trim it at home - with a circular, grinder, etc. Therefore, such small country houses are quite affordable for any family with a small budget.

However, a small house can also be a primary building in the country, if you are just starting to ennoble your own territory of the site. No, but you will have comfort and a roof over your head.

The best option for the initial buildings is just a small country house. In the future, it can be used either as a guest room or as an additional room for living and rest. And you can give it to the children to play - all the children love it very much when they have their own corner.

I talked with many developers and they all unanimously claim that such small buildings for the money will cost very cheaply. As I already said, you can generally make such a house out of recyclable materials, process it and it will look like a million!

Now you can watch various training videos, which show in detail how to build such a small country house with your own hands. In my memory, there are even examples when a simple pensioner alone made herself a nice house for summer living.

To build any summer cottage, you must adhere to some construction basics. They are not complicated and quite understandable.

Pay attention to the foundation - in any case, your house should be on a dais so that the wooden logs of the lower harness do not rot. By avoiding dampness, you will save your building for a long time. The ideal option for the foundation of a small house would be concrete blocks or brick posts.

I do not consider strip foundations, I do not consider piles, as it is expensive and does not make sense. Concrete blocks are ideal. Between the block and the lower trim from the timber, lay a layer of waterproofing from roofing material, then moisture will not be drawn into the wood from the ground through the block.

In the photo example above, these concrete blocks are very clearly visible - they are simply mounted on a gravel pad. Since the house is light, this is quite enough.

Wood is ideal for small suburban buildings. Moreover, it is best to take frame construction for the basic version. If the house is summer, then nothing can be laid inside the frame. And if the house is planned for the off-season, then a layer of insulation of 100 or 50 mm can be laid between the walls.

Separately, I would like to show the ideas of container houses. They are good in their own way - after all, they can be closed with shutters and thereby completely protect their contents from thieves. The only drawback of such structures is that they get very hot in the summer sun.

A container house may be fine if you have access to cheap used containers. In all other cases, it is more optimal and more expedient to build from wood. It's my opinion.

Very beautiful and cozy little country houses in the style of a hut. The building itself is triangular in shape, the role of the walls is taken over by the roof to the ground. The space in the corners of the house can be used for cabinets and shelves for storing things and household equipment.

By the way, such a house design is very energy efficient. In winter, a hut-style house keeps heat much better than a classic square. Of course, provided that the roof and end walls are well insulated.

If you are only interested in the summer option, then you can plan large windows to contemplate your own summer cottage. In summer, all windows can be opened, turning the house into a terrace with the possibility of living on hot nights.

Anyone, even a small country house, will look more attractive if it is equipped with a veranda or porch. This is both convenient - you can take off your dirty shoes, and practical - you can sit in front of the entrance, admiring the garden and flower beds.

Small country houses are easy to build with your own hands, with a minimum of financial investments. Such a structure is quite suitable for a summer residence of a family of 4, because in the summer at the dacha during the day we mostly spend all the time outdoors.

Hope you enjoyed these ideas for small country houses. I have already had several publications of this kind and I will be happy to share links to them with you.

In the material about I tell you what they can be built from and give beautiful photo examples.

And in the article about I talk about all the stages of its construction. I hope that there is enough information for you, I wish you pleasant viewing and inspiration!

Dreaming of your land plot, where you can translate your own into reality and be content with the good fruits of your activities on the ground, you also can't help but think about building a house on your site.

Is it possible to build a house in the country not only quickly, but also for very little money? Yes, you can. There are many interesting inexpensive country house projects. The complexity of construction work depends on the material chosen.

On your own site, you can build both elite and inexpensive, but at the same time quite comfortable housing. It all depends on individual tastes and preferences, budget possibilities, and the selected raw materials. When deciding how to build a house in the country, you need to take care of maximum comfort. You can do everything the old fashioned way (up to adobe), but it is better to turn to new technologies, interesting solutions that have not been used before - isn't it interesting to experiment? After all, projects are not drawn up by competent specialists, but as for opinions: how many builders, so many opinions.

Concerning environmental friendliness of the house, then in our time it is difficult to build a house that is 100% environmentally friendly, taking into account the decoration. You can, of course, build a house, for example, from straw blocks and with an earthen floor, but let's remember a tale about three pigs and a wolf, nevertheless, the house must be a fortress to some extent. And nevertheless, of course, the materials should be chosen the most environmentally friendly, natural, as far as possible in the modern world.

Many people believe that building a house is not a feasible task. But modern materials and technologies allow to build a small and inexpensive housing in a short time.

Features of a house for a summer residence

The basic requirements for the structure are set depending on personal preference. An interesting solution is a house according to your own design, in which you can embody your own preferences in the smallest details, and not the architect's fantasies. Before you start creating it, you need to decide what it should be. And the main thing is not to rush. Let you draw up your project for a year or two, but during this time you will be able to carefully work out and take into account all sorts of nuances, and there are more than enough of them in such an important peasant business as building a house.

Objects have certain requirements:

The speed of construction work.

Buildings must be completed in compliance with technology.

Durability of the structure. Even from inexpensive raw materials, it should not quickly collapse.

Should not require large investments.

There should be the possibility of modernization, that is, the expansion of the building in the future (or growth upward, the so-called "growing houses" - practice shows that this is better than an extension).

If you plan to stay only in the summer, then you do not need to use expensive elements or special insulation.

Most often, buildings are made of wood, brick, stone. Often, suburban buildings are erected using frame technology, the cheapest (savings also on the foundation).

Stages of construction of a country house

Construction may not be as difficult as it sounds. The construction of summer cottages is carried out according to the standard scheme, which includes these important stages:

Foundation performed according to a simplified method, if a capital facility is not planned. For the strip base, markings are made on the ground. Shallow trenches are dug under the base. Formwork is mounted around, reinforcing elements are laid. Then concrete is poured. In some cases, a pile foundation is used. However, for a light frame house, the best option would be a screw foundation, or columnar (with a grillage), which can be done by hand, it does not require voluminous earthworks.

Process wall mounting depends on the selected raw material. The simple options include a frame structure, as well as a foam block house.

Differ in complexity roof assembly process... The rafters are made first. Simple solutions include the installation of a pitched roof or flat roof, the latter in their performance characteristics are not inferior, and in some ways even better than ordinary "birdhouses" (on this issue there are many disputes among professional builders, regarding the snow load, for example, leaks, but here a lot depends on technology, roof pie, region). Then the lathing is mounted, the roof is covered with roofing elements.

After roof installation windows and doors are installed, as well as all the necessary communications. Outside, the building is finished with various materials. It can be lining, siding, as well as facing types of stone and brick. Plaster or stone chips are often used.

Arrangement of all communications (see also about). Everything related to communications must be foreseen even at the stage of drawing up the project (for example, where will the water tank or well be located, and taking this into account, the place where the pipe exits from the house, etc.).

Nowadays, a monolithic slab foundation (the so-called insulated Swedish slab - USHP) is becoming fashionable. On the websites of construction companies, you can read that it comes out cheaper than a strip foundation, the main arguments are given - no formwork is needed (in this case, it is very simple) and large-scale earthworks, and expanded polystyrene is supposedly cheaper than concrete. However, in reality, things may not be quite so. For example, you do not need ordinary foam, but extruded polystyrene foam, which is even more expensive than concrete; a lot of reinforcement is used for the USP, it is imperative to rent a concrete pump (+ to the cost). Yes, such a foundation is at the same time a rough floor for a house, but the statement that it comes out cheaper than a tape one (along with the floor that is equipped in the process of building a house) is doubtful.

What material to build a summer cottage from. Inexpensive options

When considering what to build a country house from, it is worth considering that raw materials should be selected taking into account financial capabilities and quality characteristics. If you study the market offers well, you can choose the best option for your needs.

When choosing materials, the following options should be considered:

Log house is popular due to its environmental friendliness. Wood retains heat remarkably. The disadvantages include a shorter service life than a stone. In addition, wood is an expensive option. Modern construction methods include a structure made of rounded timber. A similar structure can be built in a few months.

The porous and lightweight option is foam blocks / gas blocks... This material does not require a reinforced foundation. But for foam blocks, ideally flat surface and reinforcement are important, because they are brittle enough to crack. It is recommended to use denser foam blocks in the bottom row, for example, brand D500, not lower, and then D400, but not lower. It should be borne in mind that the foam block elements strongly absorb moisture. But their main advantage, according to many, is the ability to refuse insulation from the outside (especially in southern latitudes, and with a sufficient thickness of the foam block), which will significantly reduce costs for the construction of a country house.

Frame house it is used not only in the warm season, but also in colder periods. To do this, it must be properly insulated. In addition, not a lot of money will be spent on this structure, since supports (columnar, screw foundation) can be made cheaply. But for frame structures, additional finishing will be required. And yet, many agree that such a house is the cheapest option.

But the most complex and expensive is the structure brick or stone, which, however, are classics. These objects are built more slowly than others. During construction, it is important to comply with all technologies, as well as SNiP standards. At the time of installation work, such structures do not have to be externally finished, especially if the brick is facing. You can save on this.

There is also an interesting and very inexpensive option (perhaps the most inexpensive) of building a country house, and as quickly as possible, from shipping containers... These houses can look very stylish and can be lived in, despite the skepticism of many. There are many articles on the Internet about how you can build it with your own hands.

How much does it cost to build a country house?

In fact, a trivial question, to which no one will give an exact answer. One and the same small country house in terms of area can be built both for 50 thousand rubles and for 500 thousand rubles. - materials, you will build or hire workers yourself, what the foundation will be, the conditions of the area (if there is a slope or the soil is very heaving, loam, the foundation will be more expensive), the type of roof, windows (their number and size), decoration and much, much another, which is difficult to take into account at once.
Some builders say this: take the cost of the foundation and multiply by 3, that will be the final cost (of course, very roughly) of a turnkey country house.

On the Internet, on the websites of construction companies there are special calculators which will help you calculate the cost of building a house. True, they usually take into account the cost of the firm's work. But what if you are going to build a house with your own hands? The answer is simple - you decide on the project of the house, the materials used, the foundation and the roof. Take the calculator in your hands and start counting in order - digging under the foundation, pouring concrete (the cost of concrete), how many foam blocks (or wood cubes) will go, and so on. From how you calculate everything, down to the smallest detail, it will depend on whether you meet your budget or not, in the end. Be sure to keep in mind that there may be different unexpected expenses, they are usually always there (costs of delivery of materials, etc.).

To properly build a house in a summer cottage, many different factors should be taken into account. The season of operation is important, as well as the complexity of the foundation. The quality of the material and the construction method affect the durability and aesthetic properties of the structure.

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If you have your own precious experience in building a country house on your site, do not be self-centered, and share in the comments below, many will also be interested to know! Or maybe you want to correct something already said, express your opinion.

More and more residents of large metropolitan areas today strive to leave the city apartment and get away from the frantic rhythm. Some just spend the weekend in nature and organize picnics. But most dream of a place where they can constantly come - their own summer cottage. But people do not live by dreams alone, and they try to make some of their dreams come true. Those who have approached the issue of their country residence thoroughly will, in turn, be divided into two conditional groups. Representatives of the first of them simply collect money to buy a house. Others are building a country house with their own hands.

Start of construction

Even the simplest construction is a whole complex of works. And many developers, taking into account all the hassle of such events, are subconsciously afraid to start it. First of all, what needs to be done is to push yourself forward. As soon as the place for the foundation is determined, the first bricks are laid, or a crushed stone dump truck is simply brought in, the construction of the country house has begun, and now there is nowhere to go.

The second important step that needs to be worked out properly is the determination of the time that you will devote to construction. After all, many are well aware of situations when a construction once begun is waiting for completion for decades. Experienced summer residents advise starting the construction of a small country house with a fence.

Do not assume that since there is no house on the site, then there is nothing to steal. Any construction requires building material. Imagine how annoying it is to come to the country house and find that building material is missing. Agree, not a pleasant situation. Therefore, before starting the construction of a country house, it is worth fencing your site.

Construction requirements

To build a country house yourself, you need to know a few rules. When choosing a site, one should pay attention to environmental safety, relief, configuration, accessibility of transport routes, orientation of the plot of land to the cardinal points, building on neighboring sites and provision of infrastructure.

If all of the above factors are present, then it is recommended to start drawing up a development plan, according to which it is planned to build a country house with your own hands at your discretion. In this case, you must comply with the following requirements:

1. You need to retreat 3 meters from the red line of travel, 5 meters from the street, and 3 meters from neighboring sections.
2. The wooden house should be located at a distance of 15 meters from the neighboring wooden house. A stone country house should be located at a distance of 6 meters from a neighboring stone building, and at a distance of 10 meters from a wooden house.
3. If the country house is located on the south, east or west side of the world, then the distance from the neighboring residential or country house should be equal to the height of your building.

If you recall in short, the main methods of building a country house are as follows: construction from logs, frame-panel construction, construction from bricks or other block materials, monolithic construction.

Materials for work

So, when you decide to build a country house with your own hands, think about how it will look in the future. The appearance of any building depends largely on the material that is planned to be used in the construction of the walls. It's up to you whether to choose artificial or natural materials. But remember that, in addition to design, the comfort, safety and durability of the building, as well as the cost-effectiveness of repair work, depend on the building material.

Wood has a huge advantage over modern finishes, or rather, environmental friendliness. However, instead of the feeling of "naturalness" and a fragrant smell, this material requires a lot of attention and care from the owners. Do-it-yourself wooden country house made of logs or paving stones is called a classic of the genre.

Another common option is a stone country house, which is lined with traditional bricks. Such buildings look more solid, reliable and original, and also have good fire safety. The advantage of bricks over a wooden frame is the ability to construct walls of any configuration with niches and ledges, while the frame has a standard rectangular or square shape.

Progress does not stand still, so modern economical and practical building materials are often used in the construction of houses. These include aerated concrete, foam concrete, aerated concrete, expanded clay concrete and polystyrene concrete. All of these materials are blocks and differ from each other in size, density, weight, frost resistance, vapor permeability, strength, cost of material and construction work, as well as service life.

Construction options

It is not as easy to make a choice of layout and method of building a small country house as it seems at first glance. Having decided on the number of storeys and sizes, you can think about the construction method and layout. The exact sequence of work is essential for the desired result.

First, the supports are assembled into a single structure, then they are installed in the pits and concreted. Our future country house is a structure of racks that is sheathed with boards on both sides and has a layer of thermal insulation in the middle. For the house you will need beams, thin and thick boards, beams, planks and slats. To make the house suitable for summer holidays and winter living, it should be thoroughly insulated.

Due to its practicality, simplicity and accessibility, projects of country houses with verandas, including the design documentation of two-story buildings, are most popular today. Such a small extension is inexpensive, but it is quite convenient: here you can relax on a warm summer evening and drink coffee. And the veranda is useful in terms of storage, because there are things that are undesirable to store in a residential building.

Attach or not attach a veranda? This is often solved by looking at the neighbors' garden houses. In general, the veranda is a classic attribute of any country house, the owners of which love coziness, convenience and pleasant pastime.

Foundation

Even for such a small building as a country house, a foundation is needed, which you can make with your own hands. To build a country house with your own hands, you need a flat area measuring 4 by 4 meters, from which you need to remove all the debris, after which you should uproot the bushes. After that, you can deal with the foundation. For the foundation, it is customary to dig holes with a depth of 70 centimeters. They should be wide - more than 30 by 30 centimeters.

In this case, it is good to use concrete blocks that are installed on a sand and gravel cushion, which has a height of 20 centimeters. To erect such a foundation, foundation blocks must be installed in the corners of the country house, and additional blocks must be placed between the corner blocks - every 1-1.5 meters. Blocks need to be leveled. The depth to which it is customary to deepen into the ground should reach 10-15 centimeters.

Contrary to popular belief that the foundation of a wooden structure cannot be made of wood, you can rest assured that this is not at all the case. The only thing, before laying a wooden foundation, is to make sure that the wooden parts that are buried in the ground are well treated with an antiseptic and covered with a layer of bitumen. This will be quite enough for a wooden country house to serve for many years.

If the house is planned to be built on an uneven surface, then you will need to create a high foundation in some places. In this situation, it is recommended to use another block, having previously strengthened it with cement or cement-based glue.

Floor insulation

The floor of the country house is insulated in the following order. Plates of extruded polystyrene foam must be sawn and laid between the floor joists. On top of the slabs, the vapor barrier should be laid out, attaching it with a stapler to the beams, and gluing the joints with tape.

Then it is necessary to lay the grooved boards, connecting the ridges and grooves in series and securing them with self-tapping screws. Saw off the last board to the required width. Remove the comb from the first board.

Walling

For the walls of a country house, it is recommended to choose a bar that has a cross section of 6 by 12 centimeters. This material is able to withstand the large weight of the future roof. In addition, with a similar thickness of the timber, there is enough space for internal insulation (6 centimeters). Such a beam is able to provide reliable support for double-sided skin, which has a thickness of 12 centimeters.

The walls of the house are made up of layers such as a frame, vapor barrier foil and inner cladding. The vapor barrier film must be placed on the inside of the insulation to avoid the greenhouse effect. To speed up construction, you need to watch a video about a country house with your own hands. Wall panels with layers must be assembled in advance - they are easier to install and align ready-made.

When connecting different layers of the wall, it is necessary to do all the work with an accuracy of one millimeter, because the walls in any case should be strictly rectangular. Thanks to the right-angled sawn-off large-format slabs, the alignment can be carried out easily. The wall thickness reaches 9 centimeters. Subsequently, sheathing and sheathing will be added to it.

It is more convenient to start the installation of the country house from the rear longitudinal wall. The braces screwed to the wall and floor will hold it vertically. It is customary to insert windows into the transverse walls before the front longitudinal wall is installed, which is butt-fitted to the side walls. It is best to collect walls horizontally. This allows frames and OSB boards to be moved with an accuracy of one millimeter and to do without additional fixation and support.

Roof installation

In the photo of a country house with your own hands, a simple single-pitched roof is represented by seven rafters, which rest directly on the back and front longitudinal walls. Since the roof can subsequently be greened, the structure should be made durable.

To do without a large deflection of the rafters, it is recommended to increase their thickness to 16 centimeters, or reduce the interval between them. If you chose the second path, then it is worth installing the usual 6 by 12 centimeters rafters with an interval of 57 centimeters.

First, calculate the distance between the rafters. To do this, measure the top edge of the longitudinal walls. Then you can lay the rafters. To prevent the outer rafters from tipping over, fix them with steel corners. The sheathing will fix the middle rafters. Attach the vapor barrier from below by pulling it across the rafters and fixing it with a stapler every 15 centimeters.

Leave generous overlaps on the walls around the perimeter. After finishing the veneer, cut the film exactly around the perimeter. Saw the OSB board from the bottom to size. After that, the prepared parts need to sheathe the ceiling and walls. Place the insulation between the rafters and lay the tongue-and-groove boards, which must be screwed with two screws to each rafter.

Pay attention to the following point: in order for the country house to be used all year round, carry out roof insulation. The insulation that will fit between the rafters must be cut to size, which is equal to the distance between the rafters and another centimeter. This allowance allows you to "squeeze" the gap between the rafters of the strip of mineral wool.

Facade finishing

Although OSB boards are technically difficult to beat, they will look unattractive without finishing. In this case, you can sheathe the walls with tongue-and-groove boards. The country house will look prettier, and the presence of an air gap behind the cladding will ensure the walls are dry.

Why are grooved boards considered a good solution for external cladding? The fact is that the "groove-comb" connection is able to reliably protect the house from moisture and wind, which is beyond the power of end-to-end OSB boards. This surface will be easier to paint. In addition, the graceful structure of the grooved board will visually give the country house greater harmony.

Outside, the tongue-and-groove board must be placed strictly vertically, because vertical seams are considered less accessible for rainwater to enter and accumulate. If you prefer horizontal planking, then it is worth making sure that the grooves of the boards go down.

There is another option for decorating a country house - to paint it. For coating, it is better to purchase facade paint - its elastic structure perfectly withstands the summer heat. To avoid bleeding through the resin paint, the boards must first be primed and then finished.

Internal work

A country house is usually divided into 2 parts: 75% is occupied by a living area, and the remaining square meters is an area for a storage room and a bathroom. Do-it-yourself construction of a country house involves two windows: a small one in the pantry and a full one in the room. Therefore, it is advisable to insulate the country house. Inside, the room must be insulated with mineral wool, and a vapor barrier can be laid on top so that the insulation does not get wet.

It is not necessary to vaporize the floor of the room, you can simply cover it with linoleum. You can use drywall or clapboard for interior wall decoration. If you plan to work with plasterboard, then it is recommended to build a stronger foundation, because the construction will turn out to be heavier.

Ceiling insulation is similar to walls. It is best to lay insulation on top, because laying from below is a very complex process. Outside the house, you can lay a vapor-permeable waterproofing and fill a crate under the outer sheathing, for which it is customary to use a board of 25 x 150 millimeters, and the installation itself is overlapped.

House heating

To use a country house all year round, you need to take care of heating. In principle, for a summer cottage, where you rarely have to live, the best option is heating with electricity or solid fuel. However, developers who plan to live there permanently can also make water heating. If in winter you leave the house for a long time, you will have to pour not ordinary water into the heating system, but a coolant with antifreeze properties.

The simplest heating option is still a traditional Russian stove or fireplace: they are able to quickly heat a room and are undemanding to fuel. Not all dacha cooperatives can boast of the presence of natural gas, so the best solution would be to install a gas convector.

Change house

During construction work, you can live in a change house. Although not always, but often there is a need to spend the night somewhere! And in general, it is convenient for storing construction and garden tools and equipment. A mobile wagon shed, which can be sold after the end of construction, perfectly copes with such tasks.

Another option is to find half a railroad car or an old container. These makeshift cabins were actively used immediately after the collapse of the USSR, many models are still in use today. The garage will be an ideal solution for storing inventory and things! By the way, if necessary, you can spend the night in it.

And finally, I would like to remind you that you can build a country house with your own hands inexpensively! When building a garden house, in any case, do not rush. Although such a construction process does not require a serious project, it is still worth securing such documentation - as they say, not for a tick, but in order to build a comfortable and durable house.

Having made the decision to build a country house, you should choose a land plot, determine the location, choose a plan-project, choose building materials. It is best to involve experts in the design and construction of the building, but you can do it yourself.

After the construction site is selected, you need to draw a sketch of the future house. The ideal option would be to order a plan-project in a specialized company, since only specialists will be able to correctly calculate the dimensions of the house, make the correct and convenient layout of the premises, calculate the summing up of all communications, select building materials and make an approximate estimate.

For most people, a country house is associated with a small structure located in the bosom of nature. It can be either a spacious mansion or a small structure made of wood or other materials.

As a rule, country houses are small in size. They can have several bedrooms, a living room, a kitchen and a bathroom. Rooms in such houses are small in size, since the structure is designed for temporary residence in the warm season. The main thing is that the layout of the building is convenient for the owners.

Types of country houses

Modern projects of country houses differ significantly from their predecessors. They are assembled like designers using innovative technologies. Modular buildings are easy and simple to assemble and disassemble if necessary.

By type, collapsible dachas are divided into:

1. Modular summer cottages for a wide range of applications. Such a structure can be either small or two-story.
2. Garden houses or cabins are quite practical structures in which you can store inventory or live in the warm season.
3. Hunting lodges used for temporary residence.

Collapsible houses can have one or two floors. They are designed for a comfortable stay with friends or family members. They have a kitchen, often combined with a dining room, several bedrooms, a children's room and a living room. The installation of such a structure is quite simple. The building is mounted on a prepared flat soil and does not require additional costs and earthworks.

As a rule, prefabricated structures are installed without a foundation. The model house consists of a metal frame, and its external cladding can be made of sandwich panels, wall sheeting. From above, it is equipped with a roof made of metal or corrugated board. Inside, the easiest way is to sheathe the walls with clapboard, wall panels. Insulation is carried out with mineral wool or foam.

Also, country houses may not be prefabricated, but stationary. They are much more common. You can build a stationary structure on your own. For this, different technologies and materials are used:

• A house made of wooden panels is distinguished by reliability, comfort, environmental friendliness, and fast construction time.
• Buildings made of logs or wood do not require a capital foundation. They are built in one season and are distinguished by their comfort and beauty.
• Frame houses are considered the most affordable in terms of price. They require a simple and fast-built foundation (strip, slab or columnar). Such structures can have one or two floors.
• Brick houses are the most popular. They are considered capital, reliable and durable.

Construction stages

Construction stages always begin with the choice of a land plot. When choosing, you must consider:

• the presence of beautiful landscapes;
• soil fertility;
• infrastructure development;
• the ability to sum up all communications.

After choosing the land, you should take care of fencing the site with a fence. Further, the location of the country house on the site is thought out, construction materials are selected, the entrance to the house and the entrance to the site are thought out. Only after that you can proceed directly to the construction process.

Attention: even if you are going to build a house on your own, one person cannot cope with such a difficult task. Call a friend or relative for help.

Foundation

Any construction of a house begins with a foundation, which is divided into:

• tape;
• pile;
• slab;
• columnar.

It is chosen depending on the building materials, the type of soil, the size of the house.

Column foundation is the most widespread and popular. It is an economical option when building a small building. Such a foundation consists of pillars, the lower part of which goes deep into the ground, and the upper one protrudes outward.

The advantages of constructing a columnar foundation include:

1. high speed of creation of the base;
2. the ability to make the foundation on your own, without involving heavy equipment;
3. lack of additional preparatory work;
4. long service life, which is more than a century.

If necessary, such a base can be easily dismantled and assembled again in a new place. Columnar base can be made of: wood, brick, metal or screw base.
Such a foundation is perfect for frame cottages, log cabins, wooden buildings.

Attention: with a columnar foundation, it will not work to make a basement or basement.

Such a base is suitable for dense soil that does not lend itself to shear and does not freeze too much in the cold season.

Tape foundation also in demand. It is durable and reliable, completely repeats the outline of the entire building.

The strip foundation can be:

• Monolithic. It is erected on site and poured with concrete.
• Team. Consists of ready-made reinforced concrete blocks, which are attached to each other by welding and poured with concrete.
• Finely serrated, used for building on solid ground. This option is suitable for lightweight buildings.
• Buried. Withstands high loads and is suitable for large structures.

The main advantages of strip foundations include:

1. Low cost;
2. Operational terms of installation;
3. Simplicity of construction;
4. Ability to withstand significant loads.

This is ideal for building a country house made of brick, concrete, wood.

Installation of a pile foundation - the process is quite difficult. Here you will need to spend a considerable amount on materials, you will have to attract heavy equipment. It is not always advisable to build a base from piles. If it was decided to make a pile foundation, you will need to prepare materials.

Piles can either be ordered ready-made at the factory, or made on their own directly at the construction site. The finished product is a metal rod with a sharp end. It gets clogged or screwed into the soil. If you make piles on your own, you will first need to drill wells, and then install pipes in them and concrete the inner cavities.

Foundation piles are:

• Driven, are metal, reinforced concrete or wooden rods.
• Stamped, made at the construction site in the ground.
• Drilling, installed in a pre-drilled well.
• Helical, which are metal rods with blades. They can be screwed into the ground yourself or hammered using special mechanisms.

For the construction of small summer cottages, screw piles are most often used.

The advantages of this type of base include:

1. Operational terms of installation;
2. Lack of complex land works, for example, you do not need to dig trenches;
3. High strength and reliability of the structure;
4. Long service life.

Such a foundation can be built on any type of soil.

Platen the foundation consists of a monolithic reinforced slab, which is laid on a sand cushion. This is ideal for floating ground. The slab base is capable of withstanding high loads. Its main advantages include:

1. strength and reliability;
2. good bearing capacity;
3. wide range of applications;
4. durability.

When choosing the base of the house, it is worth considering the materials for its construction.

Materials for building a summer house

Nowadays, you can build a country house from any materials. Most often, people choose: brick, gas silicate blocks, foam block, wood. Frame structures are also relevant.

Let's take a closer look at each option.

Advantages of brick and stone country houses

Since ancient times, people have built dachas from bricks, because this material has positive characteristics:

• high resistance to negative factors;
• strength and durability;
• resistance to decay and corrosion;
• low thermal conductivity;
• high heat and sound insulation qualities.

The brick house will perfectly fit into any landscape interior. It can be of different sizes, shapes and colors. This material is relevant at all times. He is not afraid of sudden changes in temperature, high humidity, or sunlight or ultraviolet rays. A brick building will stand for more than 100 years and at the same time will not lose either its aesthetic qualities or technical characteristics.

Attention: for the construction of a brick building, you will need to make a costly and powerful foundation. Moreover, its construction will take more than one season. But as a result, you will have a family estate that will delight you with high comfort and a long service life.

Wooden country buildings

A wooden house for a summer residence will have a powerful energy. In such a house it will always be easy and free to breathe. Any building made of natural wood allows fresh air to pass through and contributes to a favorable indoor microclimate.

Its main advantages include:

1. Attractive appearance. You can build a house from wood of any design, size and shape.
2. Environmental friendliness and naturalness. This material does not emit toxic substances, is hypoallergenic and safe.
3. Operational terms of construction. You can build a house of any size from wood within one season, without much effort.
4. Excellent thermal insulation properties. Wood is a warm material.

Listing the positive aspects of wooden buildings, we can add that such a house is in perfect harmony with nature.

It is better to choose glued laminated timber as building materials. Having ordered the exact dimensions of the timber from the factory, the house will be assembled like a children's construction set within one to two weeks. You can also opt for a log cottage. The main thing here is to choose the right material.

The wood must be well dried and free of any flaws or defects. So that the structure does not succumb to decay and no pests start in it, the material is treated with special agents and antiseptics.

Building from different blocks

You can also build a small country house from blocks. These can be: gas silicate blocks, cinder block, foam block. Each individual material has its own pros and cons.

And the general advantages of blocks include:

1. fast assembly times due to large material sizes;
2. resistance to aggressive environment;
3. long service life;
4. affordable cost;
5. ease of installation.

A block building will not be afraid of sudden changes in temperature, high humidity, rotting and corrosion. This material is porous and perfectly lets clean air into the room.

The low weight of the material speeds up the construction time and makes the workflow simple. It is impossible not to note the fire resistance of the material and the small load on the foundation.

When choosing blocks, the following factors should be considered:

• gas silicate is characterized by hygroscopicity, high strength and stability. It is ideal for the construction of load-bearing walls;
• the foam block is afraid of increased moisture. With its help, it is better to build internal partitions;
• the foam block is warmer, in contrast to gas silicate;
• blocks from a foam block shrink more than from gas silicate, so cracks can form on the walls.

Frame construction

Special attention should be paid to frame construction. This method of building summer cottages is considered the most modern. Such a house can be assembled within one to two days, depending on the total size and number of people on the construction site. As a result, the building has an attractive appearance.

The walls of such structures are manufactured at the factory and delivered to the place of assembly ready-made and in customized dimensions. OSB boards are used in their manufacture. Insulation has already been laid between the plates. All that is required when assembling a frame structure is to prepare a site and build a foundation.

Frame houses are assembled using different technologies: Canadian, German, Finnish. The most ideal option is the frame - frame method. To assemble in this way, you do not need to involve heavy equipment. The building is being assembled directly on the site, the house can have any architectural design.

The main advantages of frame houses include:

1. Efficiency. All parts are manufactured in production and delivered to the construction site.
2. The ability to work in a limited area.
3. Low weight of the structure, which allows you to make a strip or columnar foundation.
4. Excellent thermal insulation properties.

Roof

The shape and type of the roof for the summer house is chosen according to the wishes of the owners. Whichever option you choose, the order of its arrangement will be the same:

1. The rafters are installed first.
2. The lattice is stuffed.
3. Insulating materials are laid.
4. The finishing decorative coating is mounted.

When choosing roofing materials, it is worth considering the region of construction. The most popular and common are:

• professional flooring;
• metal tile;
• bituminous tiles;
• soft tiles;
• slate;
• copper roof.

As a rule, a cold roof is made for country houses. If the attic space will not be used as additional living space, then it is not necessary to insulate this space.

In addition, it is customary to live in the country during the warm season. Therefore, you can save a little on the roof arrangement.

A cold roof consists of the following elements:

1. Supporting structure;
2. Waterproofing;
3. Counter bars;
4. Lathing;
5. Roofing material.

Attention: the roof is a complex element of the house, consisting of different layers that are stacked in a specific order.

Before proceeding with the arrangement of the roof, think carefully about everything, calculate and make drawings.

Each layer of the cold roof performs its own functions:

• the outer covering protects the building from precipitation;
• the lathing is necessary for laying the outer covering;
• a counter grill is needed to provide a ventilation gap;
• waterproofing protects the house from high humidity;
• ventilation gap prevents moisture collection in the layers of materials;
• the rafter system is the backbone of the roofing pie. It creates space for laying layers of insulation, if necessary, and helps to organize the attic space;
• vapor barrier removes wet vapors from the room;
• the inner lining is intended for fastening metal tiles.

All these layers protect the house from negative environmental factors. Such a roof is suitable for any non-residential premises: garage, outbuilding. It is also often made for residential buildings where a warm roof is simply not needed.

Important: cold roof slopes are mounted without insulation, but it is necessary to insulate the attic from below.

Cold roof installation process with soft tiles:

1. Creation of a rafter system.
2. We lay a continuous crate of plywood or OSB on the rafters.
3. We install the eaves planks - droppers and fix them every 10 cm.
4. We mount the end strips in the same way.
5. On top of the lining, there is a tende carpet.
6. We start laying the tiles, starting from the eaves and moving to the ridge.
7. On top of the plank we lay a cornice row with deviations from the edge of 3-5 cm. Close the joints of the cornice planks with petals.
8. All subsequent rows are laid down similarly to the first. Make sure that the petals overlap the attachment joints of the previous layers each time.
9. At the ends and in the valleys, we cut the tiles and put them on glue, followed by fixing them with nails.
10. In places of adjoining to walls and pipes, we install triangular bars. We put the tile and carpet on the bars and put them on glue.
11. We mount the aerator on the ridge. It comes complete with shingles.
12. We put ridge tiles on top of the aerator.

Important: a cold roof does not provide for the laying of a heat-insulating layer, the presence of ventilation outlets on the slopes and under the ridge to remove moisture.

Rafter system

The design of a truss structure begins with a competent calculation. In this case, it is worth considering all the little things: the weight of the roof, atmospheric loads, the angle of inclination of the roof, and the like.

Attention: the design of the rafter system should be carried out by a highly qualified specialist.

Roof configurations are divided into:

• single-slope;
• gable;
• attic;
• tent;
• multi-pliers.

The most successful option when building a small-sized summer cottage will be the choice of a pitched roof. This design is distinguished by an acceptable cost and simplicity for self-installation.

If the choice was made on a gable roof, its advantages include:

1. Simplicity and efficiency of installation;
2. Practicality and rationality of operation;
3. Elegant and noble appearance.

Such a roof has a modest and beautiful exterior. It is easy to repair, ergonomic and economical.

If you live in the country for a long time, you can build a house with an attic. The advantages of a mansard roof include:

1. Rational use of free space;
2. Additional space for any room;
3. Nice exterior of the building.

Installation of windows and doors

After the walls, interior partitions, and the roofing system are built, you can proceed to the installation of windows and doors. Recently, people have preferred metal-plastic windows, which are distinguished by a stylish appearance, high heat-insulating and sound-insulating qualities, a long service life and quick installation.

Plastic windows are usually installed by the company from which they were ordered.
As for the installation of doors, they can be ordered with or without installation. If you want to save your own savings, you can install the door yourself. You will not face special problems. The main thing is to evenly set the box and purchase the required amount of construction foam.

Do-it-yourself step-by-step instructions for building a cottage from foam blocks

Construction of a foam block cottage begins with:

1. Design, purchase of materials, site marking.
2. Next, the foundation is laid. A tape base is a good choice.
3. After the base is completely dry, you can proceed to forcing the walls. Foam blocks are stacked strictly horizontally, along the transverse and longitudinal edges. Check the work with a laser level. It is very important to lay out the first row evenly. All the accuracy of the future construction directly depends on him.
4. After laying the first row of the foam block, reinforced work is carried out. Then they are done every 4 rows. Remember to leave openings for windows and doors.
5. After forcing the walls, you can proceed to the interior partitions.
6. Next, the overlap of the house is made from wooden beams.
7. The final stage of construction is the construction of the roof.

Installation and floor insulation

After the box of the house is built, the interior partitions are made, and even windows and doors are installed, you can start the internal work. Before starting repair and finishing work, it is necessary to make the floors and additionally insulate the building.

You can insulate floors in different ways. Someone prefers economical options using expanded clay, sand and clay, while someone uses modern materials.

First, you have to take care of the insulation of the subfloor. To do this, you will need to prepare the following tools:

• level;
• hacksaw;
• hammer;
• screwdriver;
• roulette.

The workflow for insulating the subfloor is reduced to the following works:

1. All dust and dirt is removed from the sub floor surface.
2. Next, a layer of waterproofing is laid. For this, roofing material is most often used.
3. After that, wooden logs are laid.
4. A polyethylene waterproofing layer is again laid on top.
5. Insulation spreads.
6. From above, a finishing floor is made of boards.

Mineral wool, polystyrene foam, sawdust can be used as insulation for floors.
Now you can start leveling all surfaces and interior decoration and finishing work.

In conclusion, it is worth noting that it is quite simple to build a small cottage on your own. To do this, you will need to stock up on free time, purchase building materials, draw up a project plan, and you can start work.

It is rather difficult to say definitely how much it will cost to build a small summer cottage. It depends on the materials chosen, on its size and on other factors. In any case, building a building with your own hands will cost several times less than building by qualified specialists.

If you follow all the requirements and be familiar with the intricacies and sequence of work, the country house will turn out to be attractive, durable and reliable, it will stand for many years, delighting its owners with hospitality in the warm season.

Buying a summer cottage is a joyful event in the life of every person. And it's good if a solid house is already present on the site. However, even in the absence of a residential building, you can easily solve this problem by doing the work on building the house with your own hands. It doesn't have to cost a lot of money. There are interesting projects of country houses that allow you to build full-fledged residential buildings with your own hands from available materials.

The simplest country house can be built from logs, cement and sawdust. Even these basic materials make it possible to build a beautiful, reliable and warm structure. Moreover, such a house will be completely environmentally friendly and safe for human health. A mixture of clay, straw and sand can be used instead of cement.

First step

Make a foundation. The structure will weigh quite a bit, so the simplest strip foundation or the columnar foundation, which is more preferable in such situations, will do.

Second step

Prepare the base for the house. For the bottom strapping, it is recommended to use the best quality timber possible. Before laying the timber, a reliable waterproofing must be laid on the foundation. Also, the lower trim bar must be waterproofed from above.

For additional rigidity, the strapping bar should be braided with wire. The load-bearing walls of the house are made up of wooden posts. At the exit, you should have a stable frame structure.

Third step

Lay rollers of cement or clay-sand mortar on top of the waterproofing of the lower trim. Fill in the gaps between these rollers with sawdust and start laying out the firewood. Before laying firewood, it is recommended to soak it with an antiseptic composition.

Fourth step

Take a rounded knife and use it to spread the solution between the stacked wood. Over time, the wood will dry out and you will need to fill the gaps with mortar as they appear.

The fifth step

Lay the walls out of wood in layers. We laid a layer - covered all the available gaps with sawdust - laid a new layer and so on to the end. As a result, you will have already insulated walls.

Sixth step

Sand the edges of the wood with sandpaper. Any kind of burrs will additionally retain moisture, so you need to get rid of them especially carefully.

In the end, you just have to fold the simplest rafter system and install the selected roofing material. Give priority to lightweight materials. For example, bitumen is well suited for the roof of such a house.

From the inside, the walls can be plastered, sheathed with clapboard or finished at your discretion. Outside, the walls are usually left unchanged. In any case, it is recommended to carry out finishing no earlier than in 1-2 years, because during this time the wood will shrink. You will have to fill in all the gaps that appear with the materials mentioned earlier.

The simplest house-hut can be built with minimal financial investment.

First step. Make a standard pile foundation and tie it with precast beams.

Second phase. Install the floor beams of the house. The basis of such a structure is represented by rafters in the form of the letter "A". The rafters are installed on a pre-insulated floor. If the house will have a large height, the elements of the rafter system are spliced \u200b\u200bin height.

Stage three. Sheathe the outside of the walls with OSB.

Fourth stage. Stretch wind and moisture protection material such as isospan over the sheathed walls.

Fifth stage. Sheathe the roof slopes with the familiar OBS. Such sheathing will be a good basis for roll roofing material. If desired, you can equip a standard crate on the roof and use other finishing materials - profiled sheet, metal tiles, etc.

Before laying the finishing roofing material, the roof must be insulated. Usually mineral wool is used for insulation. In the process of performing these works, do not forget about the need to create ventilation gaps. For their organization, a counter-lattice is equipped - it is enough to nail the transverse strips to the elements of the lathing to get a small gap.

Install ventilation grilles at the bottom of the roof, which will allow air to circulate normally in the under-roof space.

Excellent earthen house with your own hands

A house made of earth is one of the most ancient types of residential buildings known to mankind. Subject to the technology from ordinary land, you can get a strong, fire-resistant and warm enough building that does not require almost any financial investment for its construction.

First step

Prepare the foundation for your future home. In parallel with this, prepare the main building material for the construction of the house in question - bags filled with rammed earth. For the foundation, dig trenches with a depth of about 50-60 cm. Select the width individually - it should correspond to the width of the bags with earth.

Fill the prepared trenches with gravel. The backfill must be compacted carefully. Cover the entire area under the future earthen house with an approximately 20-centimeter layer of gravel.

Second phase

Lay a waterproofing material on the backfill.

Stage three

Draw the circles of the future walls using a construction compass. It is desirable that the house has exactly a round shape. Of course, an ordinary rectangular building can be built from bags of earth, but it is round walls that are characterized by the highest strength.

Stage four

Lay the first layer of pre-prepared bags on top of the previously installed waterproofing material. The mixture in these bags should include soil, sand, cement powder and gravel.

Fill the bags to about 80-85% of their volume and tamp as thoroughly as possible. Each bag used should be rectangular, like a brick. For better tamping, the mixture in the bag should be slightly moistened with water. Sew up the valves of the bags with ordinary wire.

Be especially careful when arranging the first row of bags. Everything must be done in strict accordance with the previously applied markings. Compact the bags and dampen them a little with water.

Fifth stage

Place 2 rows of barbed wire on the first layer of masonry. In this case, the barbed wire will take over the functions of the reinforcing layer. Immediately seal all punctures and breaks in the bags with gray adhesive tape. It is water-resistant tapes.

Sixth stage

Start laying out the walls. Install door frames and window frames immediately. Lay each row of soil bags with a double layer of barbed wire. Additionally, you can secure the wire with staples.

Seventh stage

Fill the seams between the individual bags with a mixture of sand, cement, chopped straw and lime.

The bags should be laid out with a slight offset of the seams, much like with traditional brickwork.

Having reached the height of a person's growth, you can begin to shift each row of the material to be laid to increase the strength of the walls being erected.

The laid walls are plastered. Before applying the plaster, the bags should be treated with cement milk and allowed to dry. Plastering is carried out on a steel paint grid.

In places where the walls meet, perform additional reinforcement with the same barbed wire.

The interior decoration of an earthen house is usually limited to simple plastering.

In the end, it remains to equip the roof of the earthen house. Install the beam supports first - they need to be firmly clamped between the bags. Sheathe the floors with OSB boards, and lay the finishing material on top. The best coating option for such a case is bitumen.

After completing all the basic work, you can cover the walls of your earthen house with finishing plaster or paint.

If desired, even an ordinary change house can be converted into a completely comfortable country house.

First step. Prepare a strip concrete foundation. The use of a columnar foundation is also allowed, but first you need to make sure that the soil on the ground is not subject to strong frost heaving.

Second phase. Let the concrete of the base gain at least half the strength of the brand, and then install the change house on the foundation. The crane will help you with this. Adjust the position of the change house using the boards. Pre-treat the boards with an antiseptic and place them under the runners of the building.

Stage three. Assemble the frame of the extension to the change house. To do this, use a beam of 10x5 cm. Install supports on the veranda and triple the horizontal runs under the rafters.

Fourth stage. Sew a crate for siding or other selected material on the outside of the walls of the change house. For additional insulation, place mineral wool in the crate and cover it with plastic wrap.

Insulate the floor and walls of the extension. From the inside, the insulation must be covered with a vapor barrier material.

Fifth stage. Complete the outer skin of the house. It is more convenient and rational to use vinyl siding for this.

Sixth stage. Lay out the roof. Metal tiles are best combined with siding. For the rest, when choosing a finish coat, be guided by your preferences and financial capabilities.

Seventh stage. Attach the snow guards to the roof slopes. Insulate the attic at will.

Eighth stage. Complete the interior decoration of the house. For example, walls can be sheathed with plasterboard, covered with a couple of layers of putty and painted. Level the floors and install your preferred flooring.

As a result, the old shed after the addition of an additional room and simple finishing works turns into a very comfortable house with a separate bedroom and a large living room-kitchen.

Thus, a wide variety of materials can be used for the construction of country houses. Craftsmen adapted practically everything that occurs in nature, and even straw, for such work!

Now you know how to build from affordable and inexpensive materials, and you can build a reliable, safe and comfortable house in your summer cottage.

Happy work!

Video - DIY projects of country houses