Spring chores in the country. Spring work in the country: what needs to be done first. Formative pruning of fruit trees

The health of the plants, the type of garden and the future harvest depend on how timely and correctly spring work will be performed. What needs to be done on your summer cottage Firstly?

First cleaning

First you need to remove everything from the beds winter shelters and clean up the garden. With the arrival of heat (when the soil dries up a little), remove dry leaves, windbreak, the remains of supports and shelters, as well as other garden debris. In the course of harvesting, remove only the young weeds that have appeared, until they have grown stronger, did not have time to bloom and are easily uprooted from the moist soil. Clean greenhouse frames and windows, clean drains, clean garden paths from moss, you can even paint garden furniture, if you did not do this in the fall - here, in addition to the usual paint, for example, enamel pf-115 can be suitable - it adheres perfectly to the surface and protects the walls.

Plant feeding

At the very beginning of spring, the most suitable period comes to prepare the garden for spring growth. Garden plants additional feeding is constantly needed, even if they grow on rich soils. Fertilizers ensure strong and healthy growth.

Most fertilizers are a mixture of the most important nutrients: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Nitrogen compounds contribute to the growth of green mass of plants, phosphorus is responsible for strong root growth and shoot formation, potassium is important for the formation of flowers and fruits. During this period, it is most effective to use complex fertilizers, which include all these three elements, for example, "Azofoska", "Nitroammofoska".

Such fertilizers are produced, as a rule, in the form of granules, which are best spread over the melting snow in compliance with the application rate indicated on the package. This ensures uniform dissolution of the granules and gradual penetration of nutrients to the plant roots.

Pruning shrubs and trees

At low above zero temperatures, trees and shrubs, including fruit and evergreens, can be planted and replanted before the spring growing season. It is also necessary to prune stone fruit trees and some fruit berry bushes.

Spring pruning fruit trees necessary to form a bowl-shaped crown with an open center. This shape of the fruit crown provides better access to light and air, which means a more abundant and healthy harvest. It is necessary to eliminate dry branches with a pruner or a garden saw, as well as thin out the central part of the tree so that future branches do not obstruct each other's access to the sun and fresh air.

Lawn care

At a temperature of +5, the grass on the lawn begins to grow. Spring is the time to remove leaves and debris from the lawn, adjust the borders and carry out spring processing of the lawn. Start with a harsh mechanical cleaning and removal of debris (old, rough stems of grass, leaves, moss). Use metal for these works fan rake... Then carry out aeration (ventilation) of the soil on the lawn - piercing the topsoil to a depth of 10-15 cm. Aeration provides air, water and fertilizer access to the grass roots.

Topsoil improvement is achieved by spreading sand evenly over the lawn. This procedure improves the structure of heavy soils, helps nourish the grass roots, and also corrects minor irregularities on the surface of the lawn. Use a mixture of sand with light garden earth or leafy humus (2: 1), carefully leveling the composition over the surface and correcting irregularities with the back of the rake.

Division of perennial flowers

Early spring is the best time to divide herbaceous perennials (such as asters) before they are actively growing. Some of them will have to make an effort, cutting through rather tough rhizomes. To do this, use a sharpened bayonet shovel. To dump large specimens out of the ground, substitute a board under the roots, which you use as a lever when stepping on it.

The divisions are usually clearly visible - these are empty spaces between compactly located buds or young shoots on the rhizomes. First divide large bushes into four parts crosswise, and then manually you can divide them into even smaller parts. Dividing grasses such as feather grass or sedge is less labor intensive. To obtain seedlings, it is enough to use a sharp knife.

Soil preparation

For germination of seeds of cold-resistant crops (carrots, cauliflower, broccoli, lettuce, beets) requires a soil temperature of + 8˚С, and for heat-loving crops (cucumbers, pumpkin) - + 12˚С.

If spring is delayed, you can speed up the start of the season by warming up the soil. To do this, cover the prepared soil area a few weeks before the planned sowing. garden material or black plastic, which retains heat in the ground and does not allow excess moisture to pass through. Seedling crops will also do better in warmer soil.

Seedling preparation

To allow young plants to acclimatize, take the seedlings out into the garden on warm, windless days. If no frosts are expected at night, after a while it will be possible to leave the seedlings in the garden overnight, first wrapping it in plastic, and then without shelter. If you are growing your seedlings in a greenhouse, increase ventilation to harden the plants. Start hardening seedlings 1-2 weeks before planting in the ground.

Before planting in the ground, water the seedlings and the place prepared in the garden in advance. Transplant on a cloudy day or early evening. When transplanting, you can slightly shorten the roots of the plant. Plant the prepared seedlings so that the soil covers the plant stem to the first true leaves, water abundantly several times and compact the soil around the plants so that they cannot be pulled out of the ground without damaging the leaves.

Plants with bare roots (from a common box) are more vulnerable than plants from separate containers, and naturally, plants in peat pots will transfer the most easily into the ground.

The arrival of spring is the awakening of plants and preparation of the soil for a new harvest. When and what kind of work the weather will tell you, especially since it is different every year. But general recommendations worth sticking to.

The spring sun is so bright, besides, the rays are reflected by the not melted snow so that the crowns of conifers get burned. While the snow lies, branches of young trees are pulled together with twine and covered using burlap or bedspreads.

Low trees are covered with shields. Warm water is poured around the roots to warm up the frozen ground, and sap flows in the trunks.

The spring snow is heavy, and the lingering snow breaks off the branches of fruit trees. To protect fragile twigs, it is thrown off and shaken off in time, but carefully, without resorting to forceful techniques.

In spring, hares and other rodents gnaw the bark on the trunks. It is better to remove snowdrifts from under the trunks, then the animals will not get to the branches, and the trunks should be regularly inspected.

At the beginning of the month, on warm days, it is recommended to whitewash the trunks. Lime with copper sulfate will protect trees from waking up pests, and white color will reflect the burning sun rays... Instead of whitewashing, for a while, the trunks are wrapped in white paper.

When the frost is at least 10 degrees, they start pruning the apple trees. First, old fruiting trees, then young trees. Pears, cherries and plums are pruned before flowering.

Pruning rules:

1. The thick branches are cut first, then lower so that the crown is in the form of a bowl.
2. Leave no visible stumps.
3. A cut wider than 1.5 cm is cleaned with a knife and painted over oil paint.
4. In order not to infect trees, a file and a knife are disinfected with potassium permanganate.
5. In the bush, old branches are cut at the ground level.
6. The fruiting shoots of the bushes are shortened by 15 cm, the damaged branches are cut at the first or second healthy bud.

You cannot cut it annually, otherwise the tree will weaken. Last year's plantings are not pruned. For the treatment of places of breakage or damaged by frost, use var or clay talker.

Treatment against diseases and pests

For treatment from pests and fungi, they take urea, ferrous sulfate or Bordeaux liquid.

Pests are also afraid of Fitovermom or Agravertinoma.

At a temperature of 7 degrees Celsius, but before the buds increase, fruit trees and bushes are sprayed with a special insecticide.

You also need to make grooves, divert streams and stagnant water to provide breathing for the roots.

Major cleaning works:

1. Collect cover material, clean and remove.
2. Clear the area of \u200b\u200bthe site: rake last year's foliage and grass, fold into compost pit... Remove the broken branches from the site and burn.
3. Remove emerging weeds.
4. Remove moss from under stones and containers.
5. Clean up the garden paths.
6. To repair and paint gazebos, benches.
7. Check containers, flowerpots and eliminate cracks, treat with disinfecting solutions. For overwintered plants, replace the soil.
8. Replace or remove old bark mulch or decorative chips.

When to open flowers covered for the winter

On sunny days, covered flowers are revealed, as condensation accumulates under the shelter, which causes the plants to rot.

Daffodils and lilies are released in the second half of March.

Roses are opened at a temperature of 5-7 degrees Celsius, when the snow melts. The first time is for airing. Diversion grooves are made immediately and the earth poured from above is removed.

Then the roses should be covered again by making holes in the material. Finally, they open when the soil warms up by 15 cm.

To protect shrubs, trees and flowers, their roots from temperature changes, a layer of mulch from fresh humus or compost is poured around. Pine bark or crushed cones are also suitable. Plus, mulching will help retain moisture and prevent weeds from growing.

In April, they work with soil and beds, and plant trees. Gently dig up the trunks of fruit trees. After the snow cover has disappeared, before the buds appear, plant the seedlings in a permanent place.

Tips for working with the ground:

If you dig up dry earth, clods will remain, which will immediately harden. It is also impossible to wait for the soil to dry out to a state of dust.

The readiness for digging is checked by squeezing a lump of soil in the hand. It turned out to be a dense lump - still damp, crumbled - late, disintegrated into pieces - the earth is ready.

Before digging, organic fertilizers are scattered, and after - mineral and nitrogen-containing fertilizers.

Digging up, remove the roots, so the litter will not grow longer.

Heavy soil where water stagnates is improved by adding gravel or sand. Hard soil is softened with sawdust, humus or river sand. Clay is added to the loose. They are deoxidized with ash, and malic or acetic acid will help to make acidic.

Using the covering material before sowing the seeds, roots and greens, in heated beds, grow earlier.

With the onset of warm days, it's time to tackle the pond: clean, inspect the bottom and fill with clean water. The next day, plant aquatic vegetation, and after a couple of days, start the fish.

With the appearance of insects, treat the area of \u200b\u200bthe site 2-3 times.

With the beginning of snow melting, it is time to spread mineral fertilizers with nitrogen, having previously leveled the snowdrifts and removed the ice crusts. You should not walk on the surface so as not to leave holes.

As it dries, debris and leaves are removed by combing the grass. Then it is loosened with a special rake. To penetrate into the soil oxygen, pierce the pitchfork around the edge of the lawn in a circular manner.

If the surface is damaged, sand is poured into the holes and fresh seeds are sown. May is the time to cut the overgrown grass.

After the snow melts, examine the currant and gooseberry bushes. Broken, dry and aged branches are cut off. Then fertilize the soil under the bushes. Pests are scared away by treatment with copper sulfate or nitrophen is used.

Branches with swollen buds are removed, but if there are many such buds, the bush will have to be thrown away - there are ticks in the buds.

On warm days, branches are rooted for reproduction.

The bent raspberries, first of all, are released. After straightening, they are tied to supports, cutting off old, broken and dried shoots. Then mulch is poured from manure, broken branches or straw.

Strawberry care

First remove the snow holders, then last year's leaves and debris, old whiskers and flowers. The collected items are burned. Then, a nitrogen-containing fertilizer is poured under each bush, and sprayed with Bordeaux liquid on top.

The swollen first leaves are added dropwise, at the same time loosening the ground around the bush. With the onset of persistent heat, they are sprayed with dissolved calcium chloride and wood ash. Young rooted bushes are planted in place of the frozen bushes. Will scare away mulching with ash and pine needles.

Flowers are planted when night temperatures do not drop below plus 10. Before that, they work with hyacinths, crocuses, snowdrops.

In order for the flowering of petunias, asters and other flowers to begin earlier, the seeds should be planted at home in seedling boxes, after soaking for 10-15 minutes. in potassium permanganate, then dry. The plant bulbs are kept in the solution for 30 minutes.

Conclusion

A clean and well-groomed site is pleasant to admire during leisure hours. And timely processed shrubs and fruit trees with beds will provide the harvest for the winter.

Winter is about to end, and we will again return to gardening concerns. As you know, these works consist not only of planting fruit vegetable crops, but also in the careful care of the soil, shrubs and trees. And you should tackle them as soon as the cold recedes, so as not to waste time. Each month of spring has its own peculiarities in the care of the garden.

What to look for with the onset of March

In March, the main concern for the garden is quality pruning. perennial plants - trees and shrubs. It can be started after the frost stops below 10 degrees.

In March, after the snow melts, you should trim trees and shrubs.

1. Systematic pruning helps to regulate the processes of plant growth and fruiting, to increase the period of productivity. For example, by pruning the branches of apple trees in winter and spring, you will ensure best design buds, amicable flowering and high yield.
2. In currant and gooseberry bushes, old branches should be sawed off to the base. They are usually unproductive and produce underdeveloped shoots that do not yield crops. In raspberries, such shoots are best removed in the fall, but the early spring period is also suitable for such work.
3. Be sure to whitewash garden trees, if not done so in the fall. It is better to do this at the very beginning of March, before the snow has completely melted, in order to avoid burns to the bark, and only on a sunny day.
4. Until the tree sap moves (in the first half of March), plant the cuttings. Later vaccinations will not be successful.
5. If damage appears on tree trunks during the winter, they need to be "treated". Clean the damaged area to healthy tissue, disinfect the wound with vitriol solution and lubricate with garden varnish or mullein and clay putty. Wrap the covered areas in burlap.
6. In the last days of March, you can remove the harness from the tree trunks. Loosen the remaining snow around the trees. If the spring turned out to be cold and protracted, then these works can be carried out in April.

What to do in the garden in March

How to avoid mistakes when pruning trees and shrubs

Like any garden work in March, pruning fruit and berry plantations requires some knowledge and has its own secrets.

The order of tree pruning is as follows:

• prune old fruit trees first;
• after 1-2 weeks younger trees that do not bear fruit;
• the apple tree begins to bloom before everyone else, so it is cut off first;
• pears, plum and cherry trees can be pruned before flowering.

When cutting large branches, try to cut into the ring without leaving any stumps. This wound will heal faster and will have less impact on the trunk. Slices from branches more than one and a half centimeters in diameter with a knife and paint over with oil paint based on drying oil.

Please note: to avoid contamination of the tree by cutting off damaged areas, be sure to treat the tools used with a solution of potassium permanganate.

The branches of shrubs - raspberries, currants, gooseberries - must be cut to the ground level. In this case, pay special attention to the tops of productive shoots: it is enough to shorten them by 15 cm, if they have not suffered from frost and mechanical damage. Otherwise, pruning should be done to 1-2 healthy buds so that the cut will expose the green bark and white wood.

When pruning branches, check the location of the pest nests and destroy them. It would be best to burn the nests together with the cut branches.

April worries

This month will require a lot of hard work from us. It is in April that the snow finally melts, but cold snaps are frequent. Therefore, you will have to eliminate the flaws in March and take care of the soil.

In April, you need to dig in trees and feed them.

1. If you haven't finished pruning trees and shrubs during the previous month, it's time to get started. And after that, you can start planting and transplanting plants.
2. Shoots of shrubs laid on the ground before winter must be freed and straightened.
3. Be sure to feed the plants with fertilizers - organic and nitrogen. If your garden is still young or consists only of a berry plant, use this recipe: a mixture of 30 g of superphosphate, 4 kg of humus and 0.5 kg of wood ash per 1 sq. area. A fruit-bearing garden will require an increase in the dose of fertilizers by 30%.
4. It is imperative to dig up the soil around the tree trunks. It is very important not to miss the right moment. To do this, check the soil: take some earth, squeeze it in your palms and unclench it. The soil should be slightly damp and crumbly. If it has retained the shape of a compressed palm, then it is early to start digging, but if it has crumbled, then the earth has already dried up and it is too late to process it.
5. It is necessary to dig in the near-trunk areas along a radius, starting from the tree trunk, so as not to damage the root system. When processing bushes, it will be more convenient to use a garden pitchfork. Break up the lumps thoroughly and level the surface with a rake. When working, try to pick the roots of the weeds.

Planting new plants and care features

When the snow melts, and the ground is completely thawed and warmed up, you can start planting young trees. Plan the location of the holes in advance and prepare them so that the soil in them subsides to the desired level by the time of use. The size of the hole should be about 2 times larger than the earthen lump that wraps the rhizome.

Pour a mixture of fertile soil and organic fertilizers at the bottom. In the center of the hole, form a mound and strengthen the seedling by spreading the roots. Compact the soil, water and fix the plant on a pre-hammered peg. After a couple of days, mulch the trunk circle.

Advice: be sure to check the quality of the seedlings! The root system must be strong, healthy and well developed. Avoid sick and broken branches on the plant.

When planting shrub seedlings, follow these rules:

• currants are planted with a slope of 45 degrees to the soil surface;
• gooseberry bushes are planted vertically;
• after planting these crops, the branches are pruned to three buds above the ground;
• raspberries should be trimmed to a height of 40 cm.

If you have prepared cuttings for grafting, then in April is the time to use them. Before the juice begins to actively move along the trunks, it is most convenient to apply methods of improved copulation and splitting.

In order for sudden spring cold snaps not to catch you by surprise, and the flowers are not damaged, try to warm up the soil yourself. Smoke heaps will help you with this. And to protect strawberries and strawberries, cover them with old newspapers or plastic wrap.

During gardening work, the first spraying is carried out in April. It should be done when the buds on pears and apple trees are just starting to bloom and look like a green cone. Use Azophos or Bordeaux liquid for this.

There is a very good alternative to chemical spraying. In April, you can use preparations based on petroleum oil for this. They help very well in protecting the garden from such pests as copperhead, scale insects, moths, aphids, leafworms.

Garden maintenance in May

This month brings us closer to summer, and everything that you plan to do in the garden focuses on the flowering of fruit trees and shrubs.

There is still an opportunity to get vaccinated in May if you missed the opportunity in April. Pay attention to the condition of the kidneys. If they have swollen and are about to open, it means that an active movement of juices has begun. The cuttings grafted at this time will receive the necessary nutrition. In this case, the buds on the cuttings should be at rest, that is, not open.

If you haven't provided your garden with smoke piles in April, then in May you will have to hurry up with it. For an area of \u200b\u200b6 acres, you will need to make about 10 such heaps, evenly distributing them throughout the garden. Otherwise, you risk losing flowers at the very first light frosts.

Tip: in order not to waste time on such heaps, in May you can use smoke bombs instead. These can be purchased at a hardware store.

Remember that even light frosts can damage flowers and rob you of your harvest. For example, flower buds of an apple tree can withstand temperatures as low as -4 degrees, and already opened flowers will die at 0: -1 degrees.

In May, trees and shrubs begin to bloom, it is especially important to protect them from frost during this period.

Now gardening work in May will be regular, correct feeding and protection from pests and disease exposure.

As soon as ovaries begin to form on the branches, fertilize the soil around the plants organic fertilizers, for example, infusion of bird droppings or mullein. Sometimes they can be replaced mineral fertilizers... Be sure to water the plants well after feeding, so that the water quickly carries nutrients to the root system.

How to avoid harmful insects on plants

It is in May that an invasion of insects begins, which can harm trees and shrubs, and even destroy the entire crop. First, the caterpillars of the rose leafworm and the moth emerge from wintering. After flowering ends, codling moth butterflies appear. It is necessary not to miss this moment and carefully treat the trees with special preparations.

The most common pests of berry bushes are:

• fire flame;
• weevil;
• sawyer.

These insects are activated in May and infect raspberries, currants, gooseberries. There is a drug to combat each of them. Consider the choice of funds with special attention: the substances must be approved for use and approved by the relevant authorities.

A pest-free garden will delight you with lush flowering

It can be very helpful to regularly loosen the soil in the near-trunk circles. Thus, you will disturb the pests and destroy their nests. It is especially important to do this after rains in order to remove the remnants of weed roots.

Review your vaccinations in April. If they have taken root, you can remove the protective film.

By the end of May, the trees fade, and an ovary forms on them. First, stone fruits - plums and cherries - finish flowering, then pears, and apple trees are the last to bloom. At this time, complex processing of trees will be required, which includes exposure to the following drugs:

• acaricide will prevent the occurrence of mites;
• insecticides will scare away pests - insects and rodents;
• fungicides will stop the development of diseases.

Timely and correctly carried out work will save your garden, make it healthy, beautiful and productive.

Pests that threaten the harvest of fruit and berry plantations

Video about gardening in spring

A beautiful, well-kept garden is not only good harvest, capable of providing you with preparations for the next winter. It is also a cozy place where it is pleasant to relax both in spring and summer. Therefore, summer care is becoming an integral part of the life of any owner of a summer cottage. We hope our article will help you learn something new. Tell us about your spring gardening secrets in the comments. Comfort for your home!

The arrival of spring for many people associates with warmth, lengthening daylight hours and the desire to relax in the bosom of nature, breathing fresh air. However, if you own a garden or summer cottage, spring is associated with the beginning of land work. Successful spring work in the country is the key to a rich harvest and a beautiful garden. Therefore, in the period when the earth gets rid of the annoying ice shackles, there is no need to waste time, because right now it is necessary to start preparing the site for the next harvest season. And "Dream House" will tell you which works are the most important in the spring.

Spring work in the country

Spring begins with harvesting

Even the most well-groomed garden at the beginning of spring looks depressing: the covering material that protects the soil lopsided under the weight of snow and moisture, last year's foliage turned into a heap of garbage and began to rot, and fallen branches and windbreaks accumulated under the trees. Not only does the garbage collected over the winter look extremely unaesthetic, it also negatively affects the condition of the soil. Therefore, the very first work in the country in the spring should start with a general cleaning.

As soon as the first snow melts and the temperature stabilizes a little, collect the covering material, clean it and hide it until the next frost. Please note that if the spring has not yet fully come into its own and the tree branches are covered with a snow or ice crust, it should be removed, otherwise the branches may break due to the extra weight.

Work in the country in the spring

Spring garden cleaning

Spring work at their summer cottage

Spring cleaning of the vegetable garden, garden and summer cottage consists in the complete cleaning of the territory from debris, last year's leaves and grass. The most convenient way to do this is with a rake and a garden brush. However, you should not burn last year's foliage, because this can harm your health and the health of others. Experienced gardeners use winter debris to create compost by emptying the remaining foliage into a container or pit.

With the arrival of spring, the first weeds wake up. If seedlings of enemies of garden crops have already appeared through the soil, remove them right now, otherwise the grass will grow significantly in a week. In addition, moss often forms in warm and humid places, such as under stones, containers, etc., which can also be detrimental to plants. It is convenient to remove overgrowth with a brush or a strong jet of water.

Most important work in the spring at the dacha

Spring cleaning in the country

Spring at their summer cottage: preparing the soil

One of the most important stages of spring work on personal plot is tillage. As soon as the snow has completely melted and the ground stops sticking to the shovel, the soil must be dug up to remove the roots of weeds and pest larvae from the soil.

It is also in the spring that the soil should be fertilized to ensure a good harvest. As a feed, it is recommended to use universal fertilizers, which contain nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus.

Since there are sharp fluctuations in the spring temperature regime, the soil around, trees and perennials should be mulched. This will protect the root systems of plants from the cold and hide them from the scorching sun. It is best to use fresh humus or compost to create mulch.

Also, pay attention to the strength of the soil. In too heavy soil, water will stagnate at the plant roots. To improve the quality of the soil, in this case it is recommended to add coarse gravel or fine sand to it. If the soil is too loose, add clay or clay soil together with fertilizers, otherwise nutrients and moisture will seep into the soil.

After preparing the soil, pay attention to spring work on the lawn. With the first thaw, remove the remaining snow and ice from, allowing air to reach. Due to the seemingly harmless remnants of ice crusts, after a while ugly bald patches form on the lawn.

Spring work in the garden

Taking care of trees and shrubs in spring

If the air temperature for several days in a row is kept at around 3-4 degrees above zero, it's time to start pruning fruit trees and bushes. Pruning should start with the largest branches, gradually going down, so that as a result, the crown of the tree takes on a bowl-shaped shape. However, any pruning work should be done prior to the start of the growing season.

If you plan to plant young seedlings, this should be done immediately after the snow melts. But keep in mind that you need to have time to plant before the buds have formed on the seedlings.

Also, look for dry leaves that are stuck together when tending trees and shrubs. Often these leaves are nests dangerous pests... To protect plant health, collect dried leaves and burn them.

Work in the country in early spring

Preparing seedlings

As a rule, before planting, seedlings are grown indoors or in greenhouses, but if the weather is calm outside, in March young plants can be taken out for several hours for acclimatization. Leaving seedlings in the garden overnight is possible only if frosts are not expected, however, insulate containers with young plants until the temperature is completely stabilized. If you are growing seedlings in the spring, increase ventilation to harden the plants. Depending on the variety of plants, hardening is carried out within 7-10 days before planting in the ground.

Spring work on the personal plot

In March, the echoes of February snowstorms are still heard, and caring summer residents have already rushed to their suburban areasto get them in order for the upcoming season. It would seem, what can you do in the garden in early spring, when the ground is not yet warmed up enough, and there is snow in the ditches? In fact, spring work in the country includes an extensive range of measures for cleaning the territory, caring for trees, preparing the soil for planting.

First of all, it is necessary to remove from the garden and vegetable garden everything that served as protection from winter frosts. Covering material or special structures must be cleaned, rinsed, dried and stored in utility room until the autumn cold. From the beds, flower beds and garden area debris remaining from autumn should be removed: windbreak, old branches, fallen leaves, withered grass. Even if, by the spring a little debris accumulates again.

It is quite possible that the enemies of cultivated plants hatched with the first rays of the sun. As long as the roots are weak, the shoots can be easily removed from wet soil. In the warmth, moss begins to grow, in humid places - algae. Short growth is easily removed with a stiff brush, and the path from natural stone or bricks with the first pockets of young moss can be rinsed with a strong jet of water from a garden hose. Any activities with water should be carried out at positive temperatures, otherwise the summer cottage will turn into a skating rink.

Containers, flowerpots and flower pots also need to be cleaned, restored if cracked, and treated with herbicides. From the containers that served as a wintering place for perennial flowers, you should get the old soil and replace it with fresh, and dry the tubers and rhizomes of plants thoroughly.

An overview of the complex of garden work that must be carried out in March will also be useful:

Early spring is a good time to renovate polycarbonate greenhouses that may have been damaged by winter time from snow drifts

Mulching and fertilizing the soil

Mulching is carried out in flower beds, in the garden and in the garden. creates comfortable conditions for plants, warming their roots in the cold and protecting them from the scorching rays of the sun in the heat. It perfectly retains moisture, excludes the appearance of weeds, protects against dangerous insects... Many cultivated plants (strawberries, cucumbers, zucchini, pumpkin) are less susceptible to decay and increase yields on mulch soil. Do not forget about the decorative effect: mulched soil looks well-groomed and neat.

When biological fertilizer - manure - is added to the mulch (for example, to the bark or sawdust), it is imperative to check the degree of its overripe. An incompletely oxidized substance can kill plants

Material for making mulch:

• sawdust;
• compost;
• bark;
• chips;
• straw;
• rotted leaves;
• covering fabric.

Fruit tree care

Simple gardening jobs for the care of shrubs and trees rejuvenate them, increase yields and improve appearance plants.

Pruning branches and shoots

When the air temperature exceeded 0 ° C, became positive, but is still low, berry bushes should also be produced. As a result of pruning, the crown of the tree should take on a bowl-like shape with an open center, which provides perfect lighting for each branch and excellent air access. Thinning the crown and shortening the branches are appropriate at a time when the trees do not have flowers, leaves, and even swollen buds. Together with the shoots, the trunk is also shortened.

Planting fruit seedlings

With the first rays of the sun, immediately after the snow melts, young seedlings should be planted. Planting is carried out while the trees are dormant, sleeping, that is, they do not have buds, otherwise the seedlings will die without living even a couple of weeks.

Planting young fruit trees takes place in the following order:

• A shallow hole is dug, on the bottom of which manure is laid and on top of it - a thin layer of enriched soil.
• The roots of the seedling are placed in a prepared hole, carefully dripped in and slightly compacted with their feet.
• A peg is driven in next to the seedling, which serves as a support for it at first.
• Water and make sure that the ground around the roots does not dry out.

Watch the video for more details:

Vaccination for new varieties

Spring is the best time to graft trees. With equal success, budding (grafting with a kidney) or copulation (grafting with a cuttings) can be carried out. Cutting shoots are the most viable, as shoots from a grafted bud hardly survive the winter. The best time for grafting grafting is between mid-April and early June. The operation is carried out with a grafting knife or. One of the main conditions for effectiveness is close contact between the rootstock and the scion.

Spring grafting of fruit trees is a great opportunity to have many varieties at your summer cottage, while planting only a few main trees

Treatment of flower beds with perennials

Division of herbaceous perennials will be more effective if done in early spring. Thanks to it, the resource of planting material increases and old plants are renewed, which begin to lose color, weaken and rot. If you divide the rhizomes of bells, asters, phlox, crocosmia in time, they will begin to grow more actively, and the flowering will be longer and more violent. Large bushes are divided into four parts of the usual bayonet shovelputting them on the board. The place of dissection is the gaps between the kidneys. The roots of small plants are separated with a garden knife.

After the renewal procedure, bright crocosmias acquire a second life: they should be dug out every 2-3 years, separated from the children and sent to another place.

Spring lawn renewal

In order for the silky grass of the lawn to please the eye throughout the summer, from early spring it is necessary to carry out a whole range of activities, the main of which are:

• top dressing;
• combing out;
• aeration;
• weeding.

For uniform and metered application of fertilizers to the lawn, there are many devices, one of which is a convenient trolley on two wheels

If the lawn is small, you can use a regular garden rake for the combing procedure, and a pitchfork for aeration.

Methods for planting vegetables

If the climate permits, then many vegetables are planted directly in open ground... There are several ways to disembark, depending on the location:

• in trenches;
• on raised ridges;
• on embankments;
• on flat ridges;
• into containers.

If the soil is light, sandy, warms up quickly, but does not retain moisture well, it is better to use the trench method. Clay soils also warm up easily, moreover, they retain moisture well, therefore, raised ridges are traditionally used for them. Several layers of manure, soil and compost, laid according to a special scheme, form bulk ridges, which are called " smart garden". Ordinary flat beds are used in greenhouses, and containers are used where there is not enough free space for planting.

The material on how to make beautiful beds in your garden will also be useful:

Raised ridges are used for planting vegetables and flowers. Their distinctive feature is a border made of wooden boards or ceramic tiles

Pest control

Unfortunately, with the onset of warmth, harmful insects become active, which can nullify all the efforts of hardworking summer residents. Many of them attack fruit trees and bushes. It is necessary to carefully examine all the branches and pay attention to the dry leaves fastened together. Perhaps these are the nests of the golden-tailed or hawthorn. They must be collected by hand and incinerated.

Weevil beetles are destroyed on cold days when they freeze and stop moving. A film is placed under the tree, then the branches are shaken. The fallen insects are burned. For moths and leaf rollers, an infusion of mustard or wood ash is used. Copperheads are afraid of infusion of garlic with tobacco.

A solution is also used to spray trees from pests copper sulfate, urea, Bordeaux mixture, ferrous sulfate, and laundry soap helps from aphids

Besides the listed types spring work there are many others, for example, planting flower crops, updating garden furniture, cleaning of reservoirs.