Domestic violence against younger students and possible consequences. Presentation, violence Presentation domestic violence types of forms consequences

Child Abuse-

it is any action (or inaction) of parents, other legal representatives, caregivers and other persons that leads (or is highly likely to lead) to death, serious physical or emotional harm, sexual violence.

Violence - any form of relationship aimed at establishing or maintaining control by force over another person.

From the history

References to cruelty to children in various literary sources are found up to the 2nd century. AD

• children were killed for ritual purposes: it was believed that a murdered child can help infertile women cope with diseases, ensure health and youth;
• they were buried under the foundation of the building to make it stronger;
• children were bought and sold.

Scientific research has established that:

• violence in one form or another occurs in every fourth Russian family;
• about 2 million children under the age of 14 are beaten by their parents every year;
• for 10% of these children, the outcome is death, and for 2 thousand, suicide;
• more than 50 thousand children leave home during the year, fleeing their own parents, and 25 thousand minors are on the wanted list.

• in 2008, 1,914 children died from child abuse, 2,330 children were maimed (according to the Federation Council);
• about 10 thousand parents are deprived of parental rights by courts and more than 2.5 thousand children are taken away from their parents without such deprivation, since the presence of a child in a family poses a threat to his life and health.

Psychologist D. Gill has divided child victims of abuse into several age groups:

the first - from 1 to 2 years;

the second - from 3 to 9 years (the number of cases doubles);

the third - from 9 to 15 years (the frequency decreases again until the initial level is reached, and after 16 years it gradually disappears completely).

Types of violence against children in the family

• physical violence;
• neglect of the needs and requirements of the child;
• sexual assault;
• psychological emotional abuse.

Neglecting the needs of the child

Neglecting a child's basic needs is

inattention to the basic needs of the child in food, clothing, medical care. Neglect includes a number of manifestations such as neglect of the needs for education and development, medical care in the presence of a child with chronic diseases.

Most often, the basic needs of children are neglected by parents or their substitutes:

Alcoholics, drug addicts;

Persons with mental disorders;

Young parents with no parenting experience or skills;

Parents with a low socio-economic standard of living;

Parents with chronic diseases, disabilities, mental retardation; survivors of childhood abuse; socially isolated.

The consequences of neglect

External manifestations :

• tired sleepy look, pale face, swollen eyelids;
• in infants, dehydration, diaper rash, rash;
• clothes are sloppy, not appropriate for the season and size of the child;
• uncleanliness, stale smell.

Physical signs:

• lag in weight and height from peers;
• head lice, scabies;
• frequent "accidents", purulent and chronic infectious diseases;
• advanced caries;
• lack of proper vaccinations;
• delayed speech and mental development.

Behavior features:

• constant hunger and thirst: can steal food, rummage in garbage, etc.;
• inability to play;
• constant search for attention / participation;
• frequent absences from school;
• extremes of behavior: infantile or takes the role of an adult and behaves in a "pseudo-adult" manner; aggressive or withdrawn, apathetic; hyperactive or depressed; indistinctly friendly or unwilling and unable to communicate;
• tendency to arson, cruelty to animals;

Psychological (emotional) abuse

Emotional (psychological) violence includes constant rejection, accusation against the child, humiliation of his dignity, long-term deprivation of the child of love, tenderness, care and safety on the part of the parents.

Psychological abuse includes:

• threats against the child, manifested in verbal form without the use of physical force;
• insult and humiliation of his dignity;
• open rejection and constant criticism;
• depriving the child of the necessary stimulation, ignoring his basic needs in a safe environment, parental love;
• making excessive demands on the child that do not correspond to his age or capabilities;
• a single gross mental impact that caused mental trauma in the child;
• deliberate isolation of the child, deprivation of his social contacts;
• involvement of the child or encouragement to antisocial or destructive behavior (alcoholism, drug addiction, etc.).

Features of children exposed to emotional (psychological) abuse:

• impaired mental function;
• inability to concentrate, poor academic performance;
• low self-esteem;
• emotional disturbances in the form of aggression, anger (often directed against oneself), depression;
• excessive need for attention;
• depression, suicide attempts;
• inability to communicate with peers (ingratiating behavior, excessive compliance or aggressiveness);
• lying, theft, deviant (or "deviant", antisocial) behavior;
• neuropsychiatric and psychosomatic diseases: neuroses, enuresis, tics, sleep disorders, appetite disorders, obesity, skin diseases, asthma, etc.).

Children at risk for emotional abuse

• children from unwanted pregnancy, similar to the unloved relatives of the wife or husband;
• young children;
• children with disabilities, children with hereditary diseases or other characteristics;
• children from families with an oppressive, authoritarian, controlling style of upbringing and relationships;
• children from families where domestic violence is a lifestyle;
• children whose parents (or one of the parents) use alcohol, drugs, suffer from depression;
• children with many socio-economic and psychological problems in their families.

Features of the behavior of adults who commit emotional abuse

• do not comfort the child when he needs it;
• publicly insult, scold, humiliate, ridicule the child;
• they are compared with other children not in his favor, they are constantly super critical of him;
• blame him for all their failures, make a "scapegoat" out of the child, etc.

Sexual abuse of children

American researchers define child sexual abuse as any sexual experience between a child under 16 (according to some sources - under 18) and a person who is at least 5 years older than him. This type of violence is characterized either as the involvement of addicted, mentally and physiologically immature children and adolescents in sexual acts that violate the social taboos of family roles, which they cannot yet fully understand and for which they are not able to give meaningful consent. Sexual abuse is considered an option especially cruel treatment of children.

Sexual abuse most often occurs in families where :

• patriarchal authoritarian order;
• poor relationship between the child and the parents, especially with the mother;
• conflicting relationships between parents;
• the child's mother is overly busy at work;
• the child lived for a long time without his own father;
• instead of a natural father - a stepfather or mother's roommate;
• the mother has a chronic illness or disability and remains in the hospital for a long time;
• the mother was sexually abused in childhood, etc.

Physical violence

Physical abuse is the deliberate injury and / or injury to a child that causes serious (requiring medical attention) physical and mental health problems, developmental delays.

This occurs most often in families where:

• convinced that physical punishment is the method of choice for raising children;
• parents (or one of them) are alcoholics, drug addicts, substance abusers;
• the parents (or one of them) have mental illness;
• the emotional and psychological climate is disturbed (frequent quarrels, scandals, lack of respect for each other);
• parents are under stress due to the death of loved ones, illness, loss of work, economic crisis, etc .;
• parents make excessive demands on children that are inappropriate for their age and level of development;
• children have features: a history of prematurity, the presence of somatic or mental illnesses; they are hyperactive, restless.

Physical abuse manifests itself as:

• blows to the face;
• shaking, tremors;
• cracks,
• strangulation,
• kicks;
• confinement in a locked room where they are held by force;
• beating with a belt, ropes;
• mutilation with heavy objects, even with a knife.

Recognizing the fact of physical abuse of a child

Damage nature:

• bruises, abrasions, wounds, traces of belt blows, bites, burning with hot objects, cigarettes, located on the face, body, limbs;
• burns with hot liquids to hands and feet in the form of a glove or sock (from immersion in hot water), as well as on the buttocks;
• injuries and fractures of bones, swelling and soreness of the joints;
• knocked out and loose teeth, tears or cuts in the mouth, on the lips;
• areas of baldness, bruising on the head;
• damage to internal organs.

Features of the mental state and behavior of the child, allowing suspicion of physical abuse, depending on the age of the child.

Age 3 years - 6 years:

• reconciliation with what happened, lack of resistance;
• passive reaction to pain;
• a painful attitude towards comments, criticism;
• ingratiating behavior, excessive compliance;
• pseudo-adult behavior (outwardly copies the behavior of adults);
• negativism, aggressiveness;
• deceit, theft;
• cruelty towards animals;

Junior school age:

• the desire to hide the cause of damage and injury;
• loneliness, lack of friends;
• fear of going home after school;

Teenage years:

• escape from home;
• suicidal attempts;
• delinquent behavior;
• the use of alcohol, drugs.

The main features of the behavior of parents or guardians when they beat children are:

• conflicting, confused explanations for the causes of injury in children;
• accusation of injuries to the child himself;
• late appeal or not seeking medical help;
• lack of emotional support and affection in dealing with the child;
• unprovoked aggression towards personnel;
• more attention to their own problems than to the child's injuries.

The consequences of child abuse in the family

• going to religious sects;
• uniting into informal groups with a criminal and fascist orientation;
• aggressive, criminal behavior of children;
• children who run away from home die of hunger and cold, become victims of other children who also escaped from domestic violence, etc.

Criminal Code of the Russian Federation

Protection of the rights of the child in legislative acts

Family Code of the Russian Federation guarantees:

the child's right to respect for his human dignity (Article 54)

the child's right to protection and the duties of the guardianship and guardianship authority to take measures to protect the child (Article 56)

deprivation of parental rights as a measure to protect children from abuse in the family (Article 69)

immediate removal of the child with an immediate threat to life and health (Article 77)

Protection of the rights of the child in legislative acts

UN Convention on the Rights of the Child defines the concept of "ill-treatment" and defines the measures of protection (Article 19), and also establishes:

ensuring as much as possible healthy development of the individual (Article 6)

protection from arbitrary or unlawful interference with the privacy of a child, from encroachments on his honor and reputation (Article 16)

ensuring measures to combat disease and malnutrition (Article 24)

recognition of the right of every child to a standard of living necessary for physical, mental, spiritual, moral and social development (Article 27)

protection of a child from sexual assault (Article 34)

protecting a child from other forms of abuse (Article 37)

measures to help a child who is a victim of abuse (Article 39)

Stages of solving the problem in Russia

• 2010 in Russia has been declared the year of a nationwide information campaign to combat child abuse.
• May 25, 2010 Russian President Dmitry Medvedev supported the movement "Russia - without cruelty to children!" and became its first participant.
• In August-September, a single all-Russian helpline was created in Russia for children who have been subjected to cruel treatment.
• The website www.ya-roditel.ru is already functioning

Children are the main gift for the world, with them the earthly picture is more wonderful. They understand everything, take on everything The best human life with them Often their hands are weak, clumsy, But the guys have no time to think about boredom. In their movements, worries, their time passes, Good luck comes to the diligent over the years. In childhood, dreams bloom, Adults often do not know about it. It is necessary to explain to the kids the rights, Much needs to be taught them. The world will be a better place on our planet if all children are happy!

Slide 2

is one of

the most acute and widespread social problems.

Slide 3

FORCED ACTION

are committed specifically and aimed at achieving a specific goal;

harm (physical, moral, material) to another person;

the rights and freedoms of this person are violated;

make it impossible for victims to effectively defend themselves against violence (the perpetrator has advantages in most cases)

Slide 4

Scientific research has established that:

violence in one form or another occurs in every fourth Ukrainian family;

about 2 million children under the age of 14 are beaten by their parents every year;

for 10% of these children, the outcome is death, and for 2 thousand, suicide;

more than 50 thousand children leave home during the year, fleeing their own parents, and 25 thousand minors are on the wanted list.

Slide 5

in 2008, 1,914 children died from child abuse, 2,330 children were maimed;

about 10 thousand parents are deprived of parental rights by courts and more than 2.5 thousand children are taken away from their parents without such deprivation, since the presence of a child in a family poses a threat to his life and health.

Slide 6

In 80% of cases, children end up in orphanages and orphanages because parents fail to fulfill their direct parenting responsibilities, which creates a real threat to their life and health.

Slide 7

The main cause of child abuse is internal aggression

an emotional state that arises as a reaction to the experience of the insurmountability of some barriers or the inaccessibility of something desired.

Slide 8

Types of violence against children in the family

physical violence;

neglect;

psychological abuse;

sexual abuse.

Slide 9

PHYSICAL VIOLENCE