Where to apply to become. Who to go to study or how to make the right choice. Specialists in the field of economics and finance

High school graduates are having a very hectic time. Make life with whom? Who should I go to study? Where to go? Who to be? How to choose? There are also quite a few guys who just don't know what they want. Parents know ... They often explain: "you will go to study where it will turn out." Or: "You will study where our money is enough." In most educational institutions, there is a serious one in graduation classes. They invite university teachers and graduates, publish "newsletters", hold interesting specialized class hours, conversations ... And in the soul of the children there is an alarming, aching feeling: how not to make a mistake. Choice is difficult. If nothing is interesting, then everything is simple - it doesn't matter where to serve 5 years, then life will show that you don't have to work in your specialty. And 5 years have disappeared. And if you are interested, but not prestigious, or not monetary?

So who should you go to study? Maybe first try to look at yourself from

Parties? Do I know how to communicate with peers, and with older friends? Is it communicative or more interesting to reflect in silence alone with yourself about the high? Is my mind rational or do I live on emotions and feelings as a priority? And then the first choice for yourself - a lyricist or a physicist? Then the second step: where can I acquire knowledge - in my city, in the neighboring one, in the capital? The third step: read in the press - and which ones today

Indeed, the future well-being of him and his loved ones, the possibility of further career growth and much more depends on the degree to which a specialist is in demand. Unfortunately, practical considerations or fashion or romantic notions are often decisive. In the 60s of the twentieth century, they dreamed of conquering space, in the 90s - of the profession of a lawyer and accountant. It was believed that they are "the most bread". But now there is a surplus of them. Technologies and production levels are changing before the eyes of today's graduates.

So who to go to study after grade 11? Obviously, preference will be given to professionals in the field of information and nanotechnology, leaders of innovative enterprises and business areas. Not everyone is capable of becoming an engineer. But everyone intuitively understands that without basic knowledge in the field of jurisprudence and economics, it is quite difficult to become a sought-after specialist of any profile. Therefore, when deciding for himself the question "who is better to go to study", the future applicant must understand that budget places for these specialties are very limited, which means high competition, and commercial places are waiting for them only if the family is ready to take on financial obligations for training ...

According to forecasts, engineering specialties will take the lead in the next decade. The real sector of the economy requires technologists, operators and marketers. This is all the more relevant, because highly qualified personnel of the Soviet period either retired or left the profession, the engineering and technical youth of the 90s and 2000s sought to leave their homeland or retrained, as they say, “in house managers”.

But there are even more urgent needs for highly qualified personnel in the field of education and health care: prestigious, interesting, fashionable, but ... without money. This is a dilemma!

Finally, it is not at all important to have prestigious "crusts" for self-respecting graduates, if they know that they have a head on their shoulders and hands, as they say, "golden".

For a long time, Russia has not had such an acute demand for skilled workers. Turners, milling operators, equipment adjusters, system administrators, logisticians ... Young people capable of servicing "complex" equipment are so in demand that companies are ready to teach at their own expense and pay higher salaries. Of particular interest to employers is software, web designers and IT security professionals.

The specializations "Nanomaterials" and "Nanotechnologies in Electronics" are also very attractive in Russia. In the future, the range of specializations in this area is likely to be wider.

However, how to promote products on the market, how to increase sales, how to take a place under the sun of your company in a highly competitive environment - this is where serious psychologists and other specialists are needed to optimize the management of material and information flows.

Who should I go to study? Listen to yourself, take a closer look at the world around you, do not follow the lead of the momentary mood, do not reject any advice, but decide everything yourself.

When studying in junior or middle school, you can afford to choose a specialization every year. It is rarely possible to evaluate all the circumstances associated with the choice. Closer to the end of school, the question becomes more acute, the approach to definition is more serious. I would like work to bring money and be interesting. You can combine both if you know how to choose the right future profession.

Criteria for choosing a profession

Closer to the graduation class, it is worth deciding who to enter next. It is important to do it right right away - it is difficult to get another skill. Tips on how to choose a new profession to your liking:

Assess your abilities. It is difficult to get an economic or financial education if you are a humanitarian. And vice versa. With a better understanding of mathematics, physics, it is difficult to master the literary department. One caveat: if you have a strong desire to study the "neglected" direction, you can try. The main thing is not to stop halfway and not abandon what you have begun.

Think about what area you want to work in. Pragmatically thinking about monetary options is not a bad thing. It is difficult to go to work every day that is not enjoyable. The goal is to make a choice in order to earn and receive moral satisfaction from work.

Consider your salary.Parents' help is relevant for schoolchildren and students. Then financial injections from outside will end or decrease. There is little money. Labor should provide a comfortable life. If the income is minimal, this is a bad choice.

The correct profession is the one that allows you to live in abundance.

Consider the future.The profession is chosen for many years. It is foolish to study and waste time if a specialist is no longer in demand in 5-10 years. Specialties that will disappear in the next decade, according to experts: travel agent, stenographer, logistician, notary, driller, librarian, archivist, stuntman.

Consider the demand for specialists.It is easier for a doctor to find a job than an archaeologist. It's easier for a marketer than for a choreographer. Consider whether it will be easy to find a job after graduation.

Assess your chances of admission.If there is a high competition in the specialty, and the grades are below average, why waste time and submit documents to the university. It is better to consider other options and choose the best one.

Given the advice, you will have to give up the dream of becoming a philosopher and engage in putting forward good-sounding hypotheses. The future profession is a chance and the right to live well in the future. Its choice must be approached pragmatically.

Suitable professions for men

Different professions are popular for males and females. Yes, everyone is for equality. But you will have to take into account physical capabilities, stress resistance, courage. In the Russian Federation, girls are allowed to study and work as an assistant driver of a diesel locomotive, miner, and firefighter. Specializations involve hard work, which not every woman of the fairer sex can do. So for men: a seamstress is not a suitable choice.

IT specialist

An IT specialist is considered a promising profession that will appeal to you. A girl can master, but modern computer interfaces are easier for the male sex.

It is important to understand that an IT specialist is not a programmer, he is a person associated with technology, for example, a network administrator or an application interface developer. The profession is multifaceted, but the requirements are similar across all industries.

Pros:

1. High profit payment.
2. Mobility. You can work remotely or in the office.
3. Development of logic. You will have to deal with tasks that require creativity.
4. Career growth. The more you know, the higher the salary and demand.

Minuses:

1. Little communication. You will have to work alone, solve problems alone.
2. Sedentary work. Not suitable for active people.
3. Loads. You will have to constantly solve problems, face difficulties.

Plus or minus, you will need to learn something new. Constant self-education. The work will bring income, but it will take away almost all of your free time. Negligence and carelessness are unacceptable.

Specify before starting a job what exactly is your responsibility, perhaps under the general name IT you will have to work with org. technique, and the tasks will be at the level of fixing a mouse or installing plug-ins on a computer.

An up-to-date highly paid profession. It starts with thinking about the image of the future structure, floor planning, communications. Ends with the embodiment of paper sketches in life with a developed construction plan.

You will have to deal with technologists, lawyers, economists, firefighters, surveyors, builders.

Pros:

1. Constant relevance.
2. High earnings.
3. The ability to express yourself.
4. Kudos.

Minuses:

1. Spatial imagination is needed.
2. Knowledge and love for cultural heritage and history will be required.
3. You can't be wrong. An improperly designed building can lead to disaster.

Organizational skills and the ability to mobilize are important. Knowledge of computer programs is required: AutoCAD, Adobe Photoshop. Clear expression of thoughts is important.

The specialist is responsible for the passage of the goods from the manufacturer to the consumer. The goal is to simplify the process, meet deadlines, and maximize benefits. The specialist's income is high.

The work is difficult, requires knowledge and skills. Areas of logistics: warehouse, transport, commodity, etc.

Pros:

1. The demand for specialists is growing. The young graduate will find a job.
2. High income.
3. Career opportunities in large companies.
4. An even distribution of physical and mental stress.
5. The work is active, versatile.

Minuses:

1. Adapt to customer requirements.
2. Negotiate with various services.
3. A high degree of responsibility. The mistake becomes the reason for the loss of customers, damage to goods, troubles with regulatory organizations.

The employee communicates with the client and the supplier, is responsible for the primary documentation for the goods. Forms products together with the purchasing department, monitors the fulfillment of obligations. Creates the optimal route for cargo. Optimizes work in warehouses.

A scientist who studies materials at the atomic and molecular levels. Creates nano-sized objects. Develops electronic circuits of appropriate quantities. Previously, the profession was not in demand due to the weak development of technology.

In 2019, there is a shortage of specialists capable of working with this level of precision.

Additional information: the area is at the intersection of fundamental, applied science and technology.

Pros:

• high profit payment;
• prestige;
• opportunity for fast career growth;
• demand for specialists.

Minuses:

1. You need to learn, own the data.
2. Routine work.

Knowledge of physics, mathematics, chemistry, biology is required. Scientific mind, interest in research, continuing education. The field is versatile, specialized skills. There will be communication with foreign colleagues, you need to learn languages. Specialties: "nanotechnology", "nanomaterials".

Chemist and Power Engineer

A versatile profession that is in demand in various fields: in enterprises, laboratories, perfumery, food production, oil industry, medicine.

How do you know if an option is right? Assess the pros and cons.

Benefits:

1. High profit payment.
2. Every day is unique, different work.
3. The opportunity for career growth, participation in scientific programs.
4. Perspective.

Disadvantages:

1. Harmfulness. Contact with reagents, noise, vibration.
2. Safety regulations must be followed to avoid risks.
3. Considerable amount of work.

The job is suitable for guys with an analytical mindset, good knowledge of chemistry.

Suitable professions for girls

Responsible for beauty, image. Creates a unique style. When we say “stylist,” we sometimes mean “hairdresser”. The first has a broader list of responsibilities. Creates rules for positioning a person, develops ways to implement the concept. You need to attend exhibitions, competitions, seminars.

A stylist is an easy answer to the question of whom a girl can go to study after the 9th grade, if she has not decided.

Benefits:

1. Kudos.
2. The ability to express yourself, create your own style.
3. Fast career growth.
4. High profit payment. 60-70 thousand per month - data for Moscow.
5. Useful acquaintances.

Disadvantages:

1. It is difficult for a young specialist to achieve everything at once. We'll have to work in the salons so that clients and connections appear.
2. Complexity. We'll have to work with people. Sometimes capricious, unpleasant.
3. Constant communication. The essence of the work is communication, creating images.
4. Low demand by region.

The industry is developing rapidly. You need to strive for knowledge, study history, literature. Clients will appear. To make money as a stylist, you have to work on yourself.

Educator

A specialist who teaches and guides future generations. It is necessary to tell the information, bring it to the minds. Learn to use skills in life. If you have oratorical, organizational skills, know how to get along with people, teaching is the best choice.

Earlier, the profession was poorly paid. Not now. Thanks to the Internet, private consultations and tutoring are in demand. All of this is promoted on the web. We are not talking about primary school teachers who have not mastered any sciences. The income of cool specialists exceeds 50 thousand rubles.

Benefits:

1. Career growth, self-development, self-expression.
2. Gratitude from the learning people. An option for whom to apply to schoolchildren who love to tell and show by example.
3. Significance. This is prestige and respect in society. Professors and academics often began their careers as ordinary teachers.
4. Stability.
5. Constant self-development.

Disadvantages:

1. Communication with people. Sometimes tiresome.
2. Burnout. It can become difficult, hands will drop. It is worth being prepared for such periods.
3. Work with documents. In parallel with the organization of the educational process, you will have to turn over a lot of papers.
4. Relationship with parents. Children are not always brilliant. Their parents don't always agree with this. They will argue, swear, try to prove otherwise.

Not everyone is capable of teaching people. If you have been drawn to this since childhood, it is worth trying. The best in the profession have a good salary, respect in society and the prospect of growth.

The image should not distort the stereotypes about stupid secretaries. The secretary-assistant is the right hand of the manager. Without it, you cannot organize a workflow. Constant stress, multitasking, a wide range of responsibilities, including material and moral responsibility. Development of schedules, tracking the archive, accounting of processes - the affairs of the referent.

The absence of such an employee at the company's management will greatly affect his work schedule, and, consequently, the company's business performance. The work of an assistant secretary implies great responsibility and attentiveness.

Benefits:

1. Establishing connections, acquaintances.
2. Supervision of the leader, learning from experience.
3. Working with documentation - a prospect for the transition to the legal sphere, management.
4. High demand.
5. Good wage.

Minuses:

1. Multitasking. You will need to solve a number of atypical tasks.
2. Work in stressful situations, in a hurry. Dependence on people.
3. Business trips.

How to understand whether a girl will master this profession? Assess the level of her sociability. The work is highly paid. In Moscow, the average salary is 68,000 rubles. In the regions 38,000 rubles. It requires organizational skills, the ability to make decisions quickly.

One of the highest paid professions in 2018. The average salary of specialists is 110 thousand rubles. Every year, the demand increases due to the spread of the Internet. The goal is to create website design, interfaces for mobile applications, programs for PCs, web studios.

The main responsibilities are the preparation of graphic layouts of the interface, and during its preparation and thinking over the logic of transitions, elements, marketing. In short, so: many can draw beautifully, draw so that only a few can sell. Namely, sales are followed when purchasing a website and applications. Suitable for lovers of psychology, drawing, computer science.

Pros:

1. High salary.
2. Remote or office work.
3. Demand.
4. Can be combined with other work.
5. Career prospect.

Minuses:

1. Companies, along with the main responsibilities, entrust the employee with the case: filling the site with content, improving the code, etc.
2. Working with customers. Sometimes the requirements are tough and overstated.
3. If you work from home, you need to buy equipment.

The work is suitable for girls with analytical skills, who know foreign languages \u200b\u200bto work with foreign partners. Good artistic taste is required.

Actual professions of 2019

Any profession has its pros and cons. To choose the right one, you need to consider the options comprehensively, determine the aspirations. Below is a list of professions that will be relevant in the coming years, because it takes time to become a professional, and if you choose the wrong direction, then there is a great risk of being unemployed, being a highly qualified specialist.

IT Professions

The development of technology is reflected in the popularity of works. Technical majors remain popular. The demand for craftsmen in the following areas is increasing:

• Engineer. Especially in material handling;
• IT-specialist. There is a lack of staff;
• Robotics specialist. Replace manual labor with robotic ones in various fields;
• Design engineer. Create projects of structures;
• Agroengineer. The agro-industrial sector is being developed.

Popular professions in sales:

• Marketer. Without a specialist, the company loses profit, cannot cover the corresponding market area;
• Designer. Goods, sites, products;
• Internet marketer. Promotes products on the Internet;
• PR specialist. Creates a positive image of the company. Promotes the brand;
• Business analyst. Improves the development process of companies, develops a plan, helps with implementation.

Who to go to study after grade 11 in health care:

• Doctor of narrow specialization. The demand for professionals has always exceeded the supply. This will not change in the coming years.
• Biotechnologist. The industry is developing rapidly, staff is required.
• Pharmacist. Investments in the industry are increasing every year.
• Microbiologist. Employers are looking for good workers. The demand is high.

Do not lose their relevance:

1. Locksmith... Workers are always required. Good workers get decent wages.
2. An electrician. There are not enough masters, they are constantly required.
3. Welder. Thanks to economic growth, the demand for specialists is increasing.
4. Driver. New roads are being built, personnel are needed.

How to understand what to choose if you are not attracted to anything? Consider your options, speaking out loud about each one.

High-paying professions of 2019

Below is a list of high-income positions in Russia for 2018.

1. IT specialist. Which year he has been leading many TOP-s of specializations. Income level is comparable to responsibility. Choose and not be mistaken is a rule related to this area. Not everyone will be able to work in IT.
2. Auditor. Analyzes the financial performance of enterprises. Checks reporting, consults.
3. An employee in the oil and gas industry. There is a lot of money here thanks to the natural resources of the Russian Federation. Professions: well drillers, foremen of oil production areas.
4. Pilot. Responsible for people's lives, have six-figure salaries.
5. Chef. A specialist in a prestigious hotel or restaurant earns enough.
6. PR is a specialist. The task is to competently build a line of behavior with the public. Not everyone can do it. Requires knowledge, communication skills, oratorical skills.
7. Lawyer. Only specialists get good money. This is a plus - there is an incentive to strive, improve qualifications.

Endangered professions

Due to the rapid development of robotics and technology, some professions are threatened with extinction, below we will analyze why.

Courier

It is obvious that robots and drones will soon replace the simplest professions, for example, in some restaurants in the United States, it is already practiced to deliver food by helicopter without human intervention.

Thanks to the development of GPS and automation, delivery will soon be prompt and always accurate, we are waiting.

Accountant

In a few years, businesses won't have to turn to accountants because everything will be electronic. Payment details will be entered into the database, where the system will calculate the tax itself and send the data to the bank.

This will simplify life for all businessmen and save you from paperwork, as well as eliminate the possibility of mistakes as with a living accountant, because there is a human factor.

Lawyer

Seemingly justice. How can justice be restored without a person, a judge, a lawyer, a lawyer. It turned out that you can. People are being replaced by AI, which is, in simple terms, artificial intelligence.

Millions of cases are entered into the system, decisions made by human judges in different countries and with different circumstances. AI learns, compares cases and solutions and, having gained enough experience in a few years, will independently decide destinies.

Do not rush to get upset, the main advantage of such a life will be the inability to bribe the robot, which means that a richer opponent will not be able to solve the problem with money.

Take a look at your smartphone, most likely you will find a bank application, mobile banking. It is because of this that the profession of a bank employee is losing its relevance. Applications, terminals, cards, systems are gradually replacing people. All operations are carried out via the Internet in a couple of clicks.

The profession of a bank employee will be among the first to lose its relevance, starting from cashiers and ending with managers.

Journalist-copywriter

One of the few reasons where AI is not to blame. People are becoming lazier, in a few years we will stop reading long articles like this one, we will watch everything in video formats, stories and other sources faster to obtain information.

Driver

Probably, only the lazy did not hear about the news that in the United States they are already testing cars without drivers. They are equipped with hundreds of sensors and a computer that analyzes all the information received.

Thanks to all this, as well as the codes of driving rules introduced into the system, the AI \u200b\u200blearns from its mistakes and drives the car without violations, safer than a regular driver. It's not worth choosing this profession in 2019.

Already today we receive fines for exceeding and crossing lines, what can we say about the future. Smart systems will record all violations on their own, by the driver's facial expressions, recognize his level of concentration, excitement and compare these emotions with millions of others, determining whether the driver is adequate at the moment or not.

Probably, only the service that will be responsible for intercepting the unwanted car will be relevant if the roads are not equipped with something like retractable spikes.

Speech recognition technologies do not stand still. Each of us has an online translator available, at least from Google and voice typing, for example Yandex.Alice, and translating the text we hear into another language is not a problem.

Returning to AI, machines will learn to avoid mistakes and will produce a clean, practical result instantly after being spoken.

Realtor

There is no need for this profession for a long time. With the advent of large aggregators on the network, real estate search went online, and realtors were only needed to help in collecting documents. But it won't be long. Soon, the entire document flow will go to the Internet, and then it will be easier to get the necessary documents, send them to someone else, and brokers will lose their market share.

How to help a child in choosing a profession

Memo to the child: if you don't know what you want, you better trust the choice of your parents.

Memo to parents who want to help their children choose:

1. Raise independence in your child... Let him choose himself. You can specify, suggest. You cannot be forced. Everything must be in agreement, otherwise there is a risk that the position will bring grief all your life.
2. Understand what's relevant... Previously, some specialists were popular, now others. You need to proceed from modern realities.
3. Disassemble each option in detail... Children seek and see romance where there is none. Show the truthful side. Explain what will happen to the teenager when he chooses the option.
4. Look for study options in other cities and countries... Perhaps high-level specialists are not trained in the neighboring city. We'll have to send the child to study far away. The main thing is to give you a profession that you like and can provide financially.
5. Don't use career counseling tests... They leave out many areas. Created from averaged data. Not helpful.
6. Remember: a favorite lesson may not be a good profession... Determine the goal of the child, and not select a specialization based on what is best.
7. Do not force to enter the university immediately after graduation... Perhaps the child is in search of himself. You need to give time to think it over, to introduce you to real life. Give it to educational courses. Often a diploma is a piece of paper that has been earned for 5 years, thrown out of life. You should not rush to make a choice, it is for life.

Every year young people decide one of the most important questions in life: who is it better to study for? The most obvious answer: where you want to, where you are drawn, where you have the ability. But, unfortunately, it is far from always possible to find a decent, high-paying job to your liking. Therefore, one often has to choose: either a specialty to one's liking and the position of an unemployed person, or "step on the throat of one's own song" and go where the pay is.

How to choose where to go

If there is a choice about where to go after the 9th grade, it makes sense to focus on local schools and colleges. These educational institutions, as a rule, are in close contact with working enterprises, and there will be some certainty with work immediately after admission.

It is more difficult to choose where to go to get a higher education. MSU diplomas are highly valued in our country; it is its graduates who are hired very willingly. You can read about the professions that this university gives in the article.

But Moscow State University is no longer the best university today. TOP-10 best universities in Russia:

1. Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT).
2. Moscow State Institute of International Relations of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia (MGIMO).
3. Moscow Architectural Institute (MARHI).
4. State University - Higher School of Economics (HSE).
5. Financial University under the Russian government.
6. Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU).
7. All-Russian Academy of Foreign Trade.
8. Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas.
9. Moscow State Linguistic University (MSLU).
10. Moscow State University of Economics, Statistics and Informatics (MESI).

All the best universities are, naturally, in Moscow or St. Petersburg, but today, thanks to the Unified State Exam, admission there for provincial graduates has become much easier.

If you don't want to travel far, you can opt for local universities. In almost any region, you can get any desired profession, and for local employers this diploma will be quite enough. You can read more about faculties and professions in the article.

Who to apply for so as not to be mistaken

But it is not enough to know who you can learn to be, you still need to be sure that the profession you have received will be in demand and well paid. To do this, it makes sense to refer to the data of recruitment agencies: it is they who have the most complete information about opening vacancies, about the size of salaries.

Where to go: TOP-10 professions

1. Skilled workers are especially needed now, when Russia is trying to revive its industry. Average salary in Moscow is about 50,000 rubles.
2. Doctors are needed always and everywhere. A person with a medical education will definitely not be unemployed. But the earnings of doctors have always been not brilliant. Only dentists and cosmetologists can boast of their income.
3. If workers are needed, naturally, good engineers are also required, both in production and in construction. The average salary is about 70,000 rubles.
4. Programmers. Nowhere without digital technologies, and there are few good specialists. Average earnings - 90,000 rubles.
5. Top managers: directors, development managers, sales managers. Their average income is 220,000 rubles.
6. Internet, communications, communications - these specialists receive up to 110,000 rubles.
7. Sales, commerce. Here you can even without education, having the ability, earn 50,000-60,000 rubles. If only the language was well hung, and the person is pleasant and sociable.
8. Agriculture. Agronomists, zootechnicians, veterinarians, and even just farmers today can earn very good money.
9. Banking sector, accounting, insurance. The salary depends on the company where the specialist works.
10. Personnel selection, recruiters. A good recruiter can only earn commissions of up to 50,000 monthly.

Salaries are given in Moscow. On the periphery, naturally, they receive less. Also, the list may vary from location to location. If in your city, for example, there is only one recruiting agency, then recruiters are unlikely to be in demand.

It is not worth choosing a profession only by the size of the salary. Firstly, any good specialist will be able to make money, you just need to become this good specialist. Secondly, while studying, trends can change, but changing an unloved profession will not be easy. Thirdly, at first, immediately after graduation, the salary is low for everyone, and young specialists need to be ready for this. No one will offer yesterday's student a top manager position, but with due diligence, career growth is ensured in almost any field.

When compiling the list of universities, experts of the Trud newspaper used the ratings of the rating agency in the field of higher education "ReytOR", the rating of the best universities compiled by "Echo of Moscow" and "Interfax", data from the association of technical universities and biographies of high-ranking officials and businessmen.

The list contains the most numerous and popular directions among applicants. Some of them, for example nanotechnology, are just developing and are in very few universities. Others - mechanical engineering, chemistry and pharmaceuticals, construction, energy - can boast of having specialized higher educational institutions.

Transport

Transport universities can be divided into three categories: railway, aviation and automotive. As a rule, they train both those who are engaged in the assembly and repair of equipment and those who operate it.

One of the largest networks of universities is railway universities: Moscow State Transport University and similar universities in St. Petersburg, Yekaterinburg, Novosibirsk, Vladivostok.

The advantage of such universities is good practice in local branches of Russian Railways or other transport enterprises and the opportunity to find a job in the specialty.

For those who want to work in aviation, it is better to choose the capital or St. Petersburg civil aviation universities, which teach both engineers and pilots. And it is easiest for graduates of MADI, MAMI and St. Petersburg Polytechnic to find a job in the production and sale of cars or at a logistics company. Or young professionals with a diploma from the Faculty of Logistics and Transport of the St. Petersburg University of Engineering and Economics.

Mechanical engineering

The recognized leader in the training of engineers in the field of mechanical engineering for many years has been MSTU im. N.E.Bauman, where there is a very strong teaching staff and good connections with employers. Graduates of the university are in great demand - any plant will take a young specialist with such a diploma. Another pillar of engineering education in Russia is the St. Petersburg Polytechnic.

In addition, this university has its own technopark, some of whose enterprises receive orders from foreign auto giants. For example, from BMW. There are engineering faculties that graduate specialists in engineering technologies and equipment at Tomsk Polytechnic, Don Technical University and Irkutsk State Technical University.

Information Technology

First of all, this is the Faculty of Higher Mathematics and Cybernetics of Moscow State University, Phystech, Moscow State Technical University named after NE Bauman, MSTU "Stankin", MIREA and MIET, which is located in Zelenograd. The latter is home to the largest industrial park in Russia, where students mainly work in IT enterprises. Graduates of information faculties are hired by large Russian and international IT companies and are often invited to work abroad.

If the applicant wants to enter information technology outside the capital, then it is best to choose the St. Petersburg Polytechnic, the St. Petersburg State University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, or any major technical university in the nearest region. For example, Ural State Technical University or Tomsk Polytechnic University.

Chemistry and pharmaceuticals

The central university for future workers in the chemical industry is the M.V. D. I. Mendeleev in Moscow. The university has a very good laboratory base, which is located in a new building. If a student wants to work at an enterprise, to be engaged in the production of drugs, the development of new materials, biotechnology, then it is best to enter a specialized chemical-technological university.

For example, in the RHUT, the St. Petersburg State Chemical and Pharmaceutical Academy, the St. Petersburg State Technological University or the Kazan State Technological University. These universities have a lot of highly specialized departments, they have modern equipment, and most of the teachers are practitioners with their scientific achievements and patented discoveries.

Energy

There are quite a few highly specialized energy universities: MPEI, Kazan and Ivanovo energy universities.

They produce energy professionals who are wildly popular in the labor market, both for the quality of their teaching and for their practice during their studies.

Construction

There is a construction university in almost all large cities, but the central and largest university is MGSU, which trains both civil engineers and architects.

There are architecture and construction universities in St. Petersburg, Tyumen, Tomsk, Novosibirsk, and there is also a construction faculty at the Ural State Technical University named after Boris N. Yeltsin and Siberian State Technological University. The best university in Moscow is the Moscow State University of Land Management.

Nanotechnology

There are specialties related to nanotechnology in all chemical universities. For example, in the RCTU them. DI Mendeleev has a specialty "Nanomaterials". Students in this specialty learn to design at a near molecular level.

Nanotechnology can also be studied at St. Petersburg State University, where there is a program "Nanobiology" created on the basis of the Faculty of Biology, Soil and Chemistry. In USU "Nanotechnology" is at the Faculty of Physics.

The specialty "Nanomaterials" is also available in the capital MISIS.

Electronics

In Moscow, electronics engineers are trained at MIREA, MTUSI, MIET and MEPhI. However, graduates of the latter receive the qualification of "physics engineers", and many go to work in research institutes and scientific production organizations.

Strong specialists are also trained by the St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University. V.I. Lenin and Kazan State Technical University. A.N. Tupolev, where there is a faculty of radio electronic and telecommunication systems.

Specialists in the field of electronics, telecommunication systems and communication systems are in demand in the labor market, since now mobile communications and computer technologies are developing very rapidly. Moreover, work can be found in any region of Russia.

Food production

The main university specializing in the production of engineers and technologists for food production is the Moscow State University of Technology and Management, which has several branches in different regions of the country.

Oil and gas

There are three largest oil and gas universities in Russia - the Russian State University of Oil and Gas. I. M. Gubkin in Moscow, Ufa State Oil Technical University and Tyumen State Oil and Gas University. Moreover, in the latter two, it is even better to study than in the capital - it is easier to do practice there and there are more teachers who have real work experience in this specialty.

It is extremely difficult to enter any oil and gas university, since these two areas are wildly popular among applicants.

It is believed that a diploma from such a university guarantees you a job in oil companies or Gazprom. In fact, only those who constantly practiced during their studies will be able to get there. And this practice is more likely to be provided by the University of Tyumen, and not by the capital's universities. Successful internship usually means a job offer

Passing score

70 "Applied Informatics" at SibFed
66 "Informatics and Computer Engineering" at MIET
56 "chemical technology of organic substances" at the Russian Chemical Technology University named after D. I. Mendeleeva
70 "Equipment and increasing the wear resistance of machines and apparatus" RSUNG im. I. M. Gubkina

* The average score for the exam is calculated as the arithmetic mean of the sum of points for three subjects.

Personal experience

Natalia, a graduate of MPEI (Electric Power Institute)
I went to MPEI, because both my dad and my older sister studied there. In addition, I wanted exactly a technical education - I loved both mathematics and physics, I have a technical mindset.
I went to one of the most demanded faculties - electrical power engineering. My sister also studied there.
She suggested to me the best specialty - "relay protection". This is the heart of energy. I chose her - and did not regret it.
The fact is that even those MPEI graduates who studied in another specialty often go to work in this area, since there is a lot of interesting and highly paid work here. I was warned about this, so I immediately went to this specialization.
It just seems to me that in the first year no one really understands what they will be doing. And then I had to relearn.

Anna, a graduate of the Russian Chemical Technical University D. I. Mendeleeva (Engineering chemical-technological faculty)
I chose the RCTU because I was interested in this specialty, besides Mendeleevsky is a very respected university.
After school, I spent a year preparing for admission - I went to courses at the institute, because it was simply impossible to enter after the 11th grade: the school does not provide such knowledge. And after a year of preparation, I entered, in general, without any problems.
She graduated from the university last year, and at first it seemed that she had not endured much and there was absolutely nothing left of knowledge in my head. Now I realized that it was not so.
All the same, education does not let my brain dry up, and my diploma gave me a good opportunity to show myself. But we still need to gain experience.
Now I work as a chemical engineer.

Alexander, MSTU "Stankin", 2nd course, Faculty of Information Technology
I entered this specialty because I was always attracted by "hardware" - I like to disassemble computers and other equipment, look at diagrams, and delve into details.
During my studies I got acquainted with other operating systems: I realized that apart from Windows there are also Macintosh and Linux. And in general, now I know how to make my grandfather's computer work.
I think there should be no problems with employment, good hardware specialists are always in demand.
Technical education made me more organized, clear, practical. This is a good brain exercise.
The main thing is not to become a semblance of what you work with - a dry machine. Or not start thinking only about hardware, spend all the time with the computer.
It's a good idea to have a sobering hobby, one where the brain works in a different direction. For example, I have a guitar.

The choice of a future profession is, in many ways, a fateful decision. In this article, we've compiled the most important information for girls graduating from high school, including the top 12 majors in the context of college entrance.

Where, in principle, can a girl go to study after grade 11?

The main options for where to enter a girl after grade 11 are as follows:

• University. Higher education lasts 4-5 years and ends with a bachelor's degree. After that, you can unlearn another 2 years and get a master's degree. This is not so important for working in Russia, but if you intend to find employment abroad in the future, it will be difficult to do this without a master's degree although you can get a bachelor's degree in your home country, and go to a master's degree at a foreign university). Future physicians receive higher education for the longest time, since internship or residency is added to the standard training for them. Recently, there has been a tendency to cancel the internship and leave only the residency, the appointment after working out as a therapist. In addition, the internship itself has already been canceled for pharmacists, dentists, therapists and pediatricians.

• College... This is an institution of secondary specialized education, which you can enter after the 9th grade. Most often, schoolchildren who have studied for 11 years strive for higher education, but studying in a secondary school has its advantages. Firstly, it is easier to enroll in most colleges than in a good university, and secondly, studying in them allows you to get a diploma of secondary vocational education in 3 years and get a job with it. Colleges, like universities, have a number of free places and scholarships.

• Specialized courses... If you want to become, for example, a hairdresser, administrator of groups in social networks, pastry chef, barista, etc., then you can get by with just taking the appropriate courses. They are organized by educational centers or companies that need employees from among representatives of similar professions. Such training is almost always paid, its duration depends on the complexity of the future work (from several weeks to several months). If you wish, you can find courses with a guarantee of subsequent employment.

Who should a girl study after grade 11?

In theory, girls have access to all professions that are not prohibited for them (a complete list of specializations that do not involve training and employment of women is specified in the Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 162). However, in practice, there are several specialties that are usually most popular with girls after the eleventh grade, and with which they usually cope best:

1. Economic. Auditor, accountant, economist (planning, financial, sales, labor) are popular professions that are in demand in any enterprise, in any company or organization. There are a lot of certified specialists in this area, but the demand for their services is very high.
2. Management related. These are positions such as: HR manager, advertising manager, administrative manager, public relations manager, foreign trade manager, and others. They, in contrast to purely economic ones, involve a large proportion of work in the "person-to-person" format.
3. Medical. These can be professions from the category of medical care (training for a narrow-profile specialist), pediatrics, medical biophysics, biochemistry and cybernetics, dentistry, formation, nursing. You can get an education sufficient to work as a nurse in a specialized secondary educational institution.
4. Legal. Graduates and graduates of law faculties work as lawyers, legal consultants, notaries, investigators, prosecutors, judges, investigators, and customs officials. It is especially important for future specialists in this field (as, by the way, and future doctors) to have a good or trained memory.
5. Pedagogical. This includes positions such as a kindergarten teacher, a school teacher, a teacher in a secondary school, university or educational center, as well as a speech therapist, social teacher, and so on. The future teacher needs to know the psychological characteristics of potential students, so it is important to clearly define their estimated age.
6. Creative. This is a fairly extensive group of specializations that a girl can go to study after grade 11, depending on her abilities and desires: from painting to directing, from vocal art to design, from restoration of architectural heritage to choreography. We should also mention professions at the intersection of creativity and IT technologies, such as a web designer or illustrator.
7. Marketing related. Brand manager, PR manager, marketing analyst are quite interesting professions at the intersection of economics, management and psychology. Today many people use the services of marketers: from large companies to the owners of well-promoted accounts on Instagram and other social networks. And no decrease in demand for the services of good advertising specialists is expected.

1. Psychological. Do not confuse psychology with psychiatry, since the latter belongs to the category of medical professions. Psychological education allows you to work in kindergartens and schools, help centers, as well as conduct your own private practice, conduct trainings, and so on. In addition, a number of psychological specializations are close to the same management or marketing.
2. Tourism and sports related. This group includes such specializations as guide, local historian, tourism manager, tour operator, tour guide, sports instructor, physical education teacher, and so on. It is worth going to this area either for those girls after grade 11 who are interested in traveling and working with clients (with a great emphasis on the latter), or for those who are seriously involved in sports.
3. Linguistic. This is an option for those who like to study languages \u200b\u200band literature. Linguistic professions can be called translators (oral, written, simultaneous), editor, journalist, and even a teacher (of course, language and literature).
4. Technical and engineering. Most often, such faculties have much more male students than girls, but in the field of IT technologies, bioengineering, eco-design, architecture and a number of other graduates, graduates often achieve no less success than their fellow students. The main thing is to have a technical mindset and be ready for hard study.
5. Military. Such specializations related to communication and communications, jurisprudence, cartography and a number of other areas are quite popular among girls who dream of a career as a career military man. It is especially important here to choose the direction to which female applicants are accepted, and to carefully study all the requirements for future cadets from a particular university.

What types of universities can a girl enter after grade 11?

In conclusion, we note that in Russia there are three types of institutions that provide an opportunity to get a higher education:

• University. Usually this is a fairly multidisciplinary institution with a large number of faculties, covering a wide range of areas of professional activity. For example, a university that is considered technical may well have humanitarian faculties as well.
• Institute. It differs in a slightly narrower profile, preparing specialists in one area. For example, it can be information technology, economics, teaching, and so on.
• Academy. This is also a variant of a higher educational institution with a narrower specialization, which produces specialists for work in a certain sector of the economy: an agricultural academy, a military academy, an academy of railway transport, etc.

At the same time, you can apply to 5 universities, for 3 specialties in each. If you are not sure that you will go to the desired form of study at the most prestigious of your chosen universities, it makes sense to play it safe and take advantage of this opportunity.