How to build a frame garage with your own hands. Do-it-yourself frame garage: budget construction. Video - DIY frame garage

Cinder block is a relatively inexpensive material with excellent performance and properties. If desired, you can build a wonderful garage from it without involving third-party workers for this. How? Let's tell now!

Preparatory activities

Self-construction of a cinder block garage begins with a number of important preparatory activities. Follow the given sequence.

Location selection

First of all, we choose a suitable place for the construction of our caravan. It is convenient when the garage is located next to the house - in bad weather you don’t have to get wet in the rain and wade through snowdrifts.

It is better that the garage is located at a minimum distance from the exit from the site. The number of turns should be minimal. It is not recommended to build a cinder block garage in a lowland, because. this threatens with flooding by atmospheric and ground waters.

Be sure to make sure that there are no communication lines in the place of the planned construction, such as:

• plumbing;
• power lines;
• sewerage and heating pipes.

If the listed communications break down in the future, the presence of a garage will significantly complicate their repair.

Make sure that when building a garage on the chosen site, there will be enough space for opening the gate. It will be useful to have a free place to park the car for the time of washing and other work.

Construction site marking

Having chosen a suitable place for building a garage from, we proceed to marking the site. At this stage, you will need a small set of auxiliary tools, namely:

• reinforcing bars or other similar devices;
• hammer for driving rods;
• dense thread for pulling between the pegs;
• measuring tape.

Before proceeding with the marking work, it is necessary to accurately determine the dimensions of the future structure. At this point, focus on the following factors:

• available free space Location on;
• financial opportunities;
• individual preferences and needs.

If the cinder block garage will be used as a place to store a standard-sized passenger car, a building with dimensions of 6x4 m and a height of 2.5-3 m will be enough for you.

The six-meter length is due to the dimensions of the car (on average 4-5 m) with a half-meter margin for unhindered passage. The width of the car is on average 200-250 cm. Approximately 70 cm should be left for passage, installation of shelving and storage of various kinds of materials used in the garage.

If you wish, you can adjust the size of the building at your discretion. There are no strict restrictions and standard dimensions for cinder block garages.

cinder block calculation

Choosing a place for construction and determining optimal dimensions garage, proceed to the calculation of materials. Treat this stage of work with maximum responsibility. Due to errors at the stage of calculations, you may simply not have enough materials, or you may waste money on unnecessary blocks.

The calculation will be considered using the example of a garage with dimensions of 6x4 m and a height of 250 cm. Laying is carried out according to the most common method for the method - in half a block. Gate dimensions - 300x230 cm.

The dimensions of one block are standardized - 39x19x18.8 cm. Based on this, 13.6 blocks will go to laying 1 m2. You will lay out the entire building from 586 elements. Usually about 5-10% of the material is added "for stock". If the design provides for additional doors and window openings take this into account when doing the calculation.

You will also need to buy rubble stone for arranging the base, several beams made of metal or wood (in the case of a garage of the indicated dimensions, five 430 cm x beams will be enough).

Do not forget to buy for pouring the foundation or components (cement, sand and gravel) for its self-preparation.

You will also need finishing material. When choosing it, be guided by your preferences.

Buy concrete or make your own. Standard proportions:

Prices for building blocks

Building blocks

Step by step guide to building a garage

Getting Started independent construction cinder block garage.

The first stage is the foundation

We start with the arrangement of the foundation. The cinder block structure will have a relatively small weight. A shallow tape base is enough.

We dig a trench in accordance with the markup. Ideally, the depth of the structure should exceed the level of soil freezing. Most often they are deepened by 60-80, and sometimes by 100 cm. At the same stage, we prepare recesses for the cellar and, if their presence is provided for by the project.

We attach a plastic film or roofing felt to the walls of the pit for waterproofing.

We fill the bottom of the trench with a 20-30 cm layer of a mixture of crushed stone and gravel, followed by careful tamping.

We install with the expectation that the height of the finished concrete structure is approximately 100 mm higher than the ground level.

Let the concrete mix harden. According to the regulations, concrete gains strength within 28 days. On top of the frozen tape, we lay the roofing material in two layers for waterproofing.

Stage two - walls

Determine the height and length of the walls individually. The laying of blocks is carried out like a brick. The most popular ways are as follows:

• in half a stone;
• into stone;
• one and a half stones;
• into two stones.

The thickness of the masonry directly affects the resistance of the finished walls to wind loads, temperature changes, etc.

Most often, as noted, builders use the "brick" method of laying, in which the next stacked row overlaps the seams of the underlying one. First, we lay out the corners, then we stretch the ropes between them for even masonry and continue to work.

In the process of arranging walls, we adhere to the following important rules:

In the upper part of the walls we leave nests for the installation of floor beams. Recommended dimensions - 200x200x150 mm. Gaps can then be laid or blown out. Optimal step placement of nests - 100 cm.

The third stage - the roof

We make the base from I-beams - this is the most best option. We select the length of the elements so that it exceeds the width of the building by 250 mm.

We lay the beams across with a step of about 1 m. We fasten the beams in a suitable way, for example, using anchors.

After that, we sew the base with bars 4 cm thick. We lay the bar as tightly as possible. We put on top of the bars, on it a heater (mineral wool, slag or expanded clay), pour 2 cm of screed and complete the “pie” with aquaizol, rubemast or another suitable material. You can choose another if you wish. top coat at your discretion.

Fourth stage - floor

We do at the level with the plinth. As a standard, a screed with a thickness of at least 100 mm is poured. We pre-clean the surface of debris, level it and, if necessary, fill the bottom with sand or fine gravel.

We make the screed from concrete grade M200. The material is poured continuously, slowly, in several layers. Let the concrete set and sand the surface.

To make it convenient to drive into the garage, we equip a ramp in front of the building. Be sure to make a 50-70 cm blind area around the entire perimeter of the building. It will ensure the timely removal of water from the base.

Prices for various types of screeds and self-leveling floors

Screeds and self-leveling floors

Finishing work

We choose a specific design option at our discretion, buy it or make it ourselves and install it according to the instructions that are relevant for the selected system.

Connect electricity accessible way("by air" or "underground"). Install and lighting in the right places.

We proceed to the outer and. There are no strict restrictions and specific recommendations in this regard. Walls can be rubbed with a cement mixture, finished with plaster or whitewash, sheathed with siding, clapboard or other similar material.

Interior arrangement After you. Desk, shelving - focus on your preferences and needs. Be sure to arrange a fire corner from a fire extinguisher, a box of sand, a shovel and a bucket.

Finally, bring to the garage necessary furniture and accessories.

Find out what your options are for self-guided in our new article.

Successful work!

Video - We build a garage with our own hands

A garage is a building necessary for every motorist, which ensures the safety of the vehicle and protects the car from the negative effects of the environment. Many owners postpone the construction of such an object, assuming that its construction is too complicated and expensive. However, today you can build a garage with minimal time and financial costs if you build a frame structure. In the article we learn about the main nuances and features frame construction.

Why are frame structures so popular?

IN last years wireframe objects has become very popular. When using quality building materials and with the right organization of work, such a garage will be in no way inferior to an object built of brick, wood or any other traditional materials.

Frame construction technology has gained wide popularity, first of all, due to the ease of installation. A frame building can be erected on its own, without resorting to professional installers for help, which can significantly reduce the budget for the construction of the facility. In addition, such construction takes relatively little time - experienced people can build an object in just a few days.

Reducing the cost of building a building is also due to the availability of modern building materials. And due to their low weight, delivery to the construction site can be performed without the involvement of specialized equipment.

The frame for the garage can be built from different materials, but most often they use a wooden beam and a metal profile.

The construction procedure itself includes several simple steps:

1. 1. Site preparation.
2. 2. Digging a pit and creating a foundation.
3. 3. Marking and assembly of the wall frame.
4. 4. Roofing device.
5. 5. Insulation and wall cladding.
6. 6. Installation of garage doors.

To learn how to build frame objects with your own hands, you need to understand each of the described stages separately.

Start of installation work - preparation of the construction site and foundation

Preparatory work is considered the most important in any construction. The evenness of the foundation and the reliability of the entire new building will depend on the quality of the preparation of the site for the construction of the facility. After choosing a suitable place on the site, it is necessary to clear the perimeter and carefully level the area.

The building site should be 50-60 cm larger than the perimeter of the object under construction on each side. After marking from the ground, it is necessary to remove the fertile soil layer with a depth of 15 to 20 cm. The easiest way is to dig such a hole using special equipment, although with some skill and free time, you can get by with a shovel and do everything yourself. The bottom of the dug pit must be compacted manually or with a roller.

For the construction of a frame garage, any type of foundation is suitable, since the building will not be very heavy, which means it will not create a serious load on the prepared base. However, in addition to the construction object itself, when choosing a foundation, you must also take into account the weight of the car that will stand in the garage. Experts recommend creating a slab or strip foundation for frame objects.

After determining the type of foundation, it is necessary to outline the corner points of the perimeter under the walls. First you need to mark one corner point where the marking cast-off is installed. Cords are tied to the cast-off - two on each side when constructing a strip foundation, in this case the distance between the cords will set the width of the planned tape. The cords are stretched along the sides of the future foundation to the full length, after which they are fixed on opposite cast-offs.

It is extremely important to make all corners of the future building straight. With the help of the crossbar of the installed cast-off, it is possible to move the fixation point of the cord on it within certain limits. To make sure the corners are square, you can measure the diagonals of the rectangle, they should be the same in length.

frame garage can be built on a budget column base. Post foundations are easy to install, do-it-yourself, and are great for subsequent plank flooring, which needs to be strong and secure enough to support the weight of the car. The columnar foundation can be made from different materials. Usually, reinforced concrete structures, concrete blocks, bricks are used to construct such a foundation, or several materials are combined at once.

The strip foundation is more difficult to arrange and requires much more time, since in construction you will have to use concrete mortar, which takes a long time to gain strength and harden. The main advantage of the strip base for the frame structure is that it provides ample opportunities for creating a viewing hole. The floor of the garage on a strip foundation can be made both wooden and concrete.

The third most popular type of foundation for the construction of frame structures is a slab foundation. It is considered the most complex and costly in construction, as it requires the creation of a whole system of compacted layers of different materials, on top of which concrete is already poured. The advantage of the slab base is its high strength, reliability and durability.

Design and construction of the building frame

After creating the foundation, you can proceed to the construction of the frame of the future structure. The frame of the garage can be made of metal profile, wooden beam or from both of these materials at the same time. Having decided on the materials used, it is imperative to prepare a project. This document will allow you to correctly complete all stages of construction and build a really high-quality, well-thought-out building.

themselves installation work usually divided into several stages:

1. 1. Installation of the lower trim.
2. 2. Assembly of vertical structures - walls.
3. 3. Installing the top trim.
4. 4. Frame sheathing.
5. 5. Installation of the roof frame.

First of all, they lay on the finished base waterproofing material(usually ruberoid). Waterproofing is necessary to protect the wooden and metal elements of the future building from the negative effects of moisture. The roofing material acts as a quite decent cut-off, due to which moisture will not spread from the walls of the foundation and from the ground during heavy rainfall.

At the next stage, a wooden beam of the selected size is laid on the foundation, it can be a beam of 120 × 120 mm, 150 × 150 mm or 120 × 150 mm. The beam, if desired, can be replaced with a board 50 × 120 mm or a steel profile pipe with square section 10 × 10 cm. To fix the timber strapping in the corners, dowels or a cut are used. Metal strapping elements are fixed at the corners by welding, and wooden ones - with anchor screws or studs embedded in the base. When mounting the strapping on a columnar foundation, logs are laid on the edge inside its frame, which will be necessary to fix the plank floor.

After that, you can proceed to the assembly of the frame of the walls. There are two build options:

1. 1. At the installation site. That is frame walls assembled and fixed vertically at their permanent location. The method is used in the installation of wooden structures.
2. 2. On the ground. The metal frame of the walls is usually assembled in a horizontal position on the ground, after which it is lifted and attached to the strapping in a vertical position.

As elements of a wooden frame, a beam 60 × 60 mm, a board 30 × 150 or 30 × 120 mm are used. The metal frame is usually assembled from profile pipe 60×60 mm. After connecting the individual elements to each other and installing the prepared structure vertically, the upper strapping is performed, which is necessary to give the frame maximum strength. For strapping, a beam or pipe is used, which in size must correspond to the size of the individual elements of the frame. For example, if the vertical posts are made of boards 120 mm wide, then the upper trim can be made from the same board, laying it in two layers, or from a 60 × 120 mm beam.

The erected frame must be immediately sheathed inside or outside with facing materials. OSB or plywood sheets, as well as corrugated board, are used as such sheathing. Sheathing the inside or outside of the object will make it more durable and allow you to proceed to the installation of the roof.

The roof of the garage can be made single or double. Gable roofs are more expensive and more difficult to build, but they allow you to equip a useful attic space or prepare an under-roof space for storing materials and tools used in the household. is carried out in several stages. First done rafter system, after which the slopes are sheathed with plywood sheets, on top of which the roof is laid.

Garage floor installation and installation of insulation materials

After installing the roof and wall cladding on one side, you can proceed with the installation of the floor in the garage. If you lay the floor before installing the roof, wood cladding can be severely damaged by sudden precipitation. It is best to use non-grooved board for cladding so that the finish can expand and contract due to changes in ambient temperature and humidity.

The flooring is made with a small gap between separate elements lining. Between the boards, you need to leave a free space of at least 3–4 mm so that the finish does not deform during thermal expansion. The cladding is usually laid on logs made of wooden blocks and fixed to the base with self-tapping screws or nails.

On slab foundation additional lining may not be laid. It will be enough just to treat the surface with a special deep penetration strengthening primer, which can strengthen, fasten the upper layers of concrete and provide the base with better hydrophobic characteristics. Concrete floor on top can be painted or covered ceramic tiles, and you can leave it without finishing at all.

The next step in the construction of a frame object is its insulation. It is very easy to install thermal insulation in the frame of the structure. The selected material is simply placed in the voids in the frame on the inside or outside (depending on which side the walls were originally sheathed on).

For insulation, you can use mineral wool, expanded polystyrene, sprayed polyurethane foam and any other heat-insulating materials. Sprayed polyurethane foam is considered preferable for insulation frame structure. It is more expensive than most other types of thermal insulation, it requires the use of special equipment, but it can completely fill all the empty space in the frame, including any cavities and crevices, so that the building will be qualitatively protected from cold bridges.

After installing the insulation, you can start cladding the walls from the side where you have not yet installed facing materials. Any light finishes can be used for sheathing, it is recommended to clad the building on both sides using the same material. That is, if the walls are already upholstered with OSB boards from the inside, then it is better to upholster the frame with the same boards from the outside.

Finishing and installation of garage doors

To make the garage truly comfortable, attractive inside and out, all surfaces in it are additionally lined. Inside, for finishing the room, it is best to use reliable, durable and resistant to external negative influences materials. It is recommended to abandon the cladding, which burns easily and contributes to the rapid spread of the flame. In garages where flammable substances can be stored, there is no place for such finishes.

Simultaneously with the finishing cladding, gates are installed in the garage, which can be swing, sectional, roller shutter or lifting and turning. For self installation simple swing double-leaf gates are best suited, other designs require certain professional knowledge and skills during installation, which the ordinary owner most likely does not have.

The construction of a frame building, although it takes a lot of time, can be done completely independently. Of course, if you find helpers for yourself, the work will go faster and take less effort, but with a certain skill you can do without them. Follow the instructions in our step by step instructions sequence of actions, and you can make the garage of your dreams with minimal investment.

If you want you can take inexpensive materials and do some work on building it. The main thing is that the structure is convenient for storing a car.

Gone are the days when brick was popular in building garages. practical hosts try to use alternative materials that help save construction time and money:

• Decking is a beautiful-looking and practical material;
• Wood is a reliable option;
• Cinder block is an inexpensive durable material.

Features of the process of building a garage

Depending on which material you choose, consider the features of the technologies for working with each of them. We will describe them in more detail, talk about construction technology.

A cheap do-it-yourself garage from corrugated board is being built very quickly. To begin with, select a suitable grade of material, grades S-20 or PS with a sheet thickness of 0.5 mm are best suited. The letter C at the same time indicates the purpose of the material, this one is used in the construction of walls, the number indicates rigidity - the higher it is, the stronger the sheet.

Attention! In no case do not buy sheets of grade -8. They will cost less, but its performance leaves much to be desired. Among the shortcomings are a short shelf life, poor wind resistance, freezing of walls in winter.

Necessary materials

To create a garage you will need:

• frame elements - metal rods, corners, beams;
• self-tapping screws;
• fasteners for gates, other metal elements;
• concrete and reinforcement for the plinth.

Required Tools

• welding;
• metal scissors;
• screwdriver;
• Bulgarian;
• electric jigsaw.

Instructions for creating a garage from corrugated board

Before building a garage cheaply from this material, you need to study the technology, which consists of the following steps:

Install a monolithic foundation - make a trench half a meter down, fill it with sand and fill it with water. Make wells 0.5 m deep under the racks. Attach the timber formwork, install the reinforcement, fastened with wire. Install the racks, level them, fill them with M300 concrete for two to three weeks.

Attention! Wait at least two weeks for complete drying, however quickly you would like to move on to the next step. If you continue the work earlier, the foundation will soon begin to crack, which will be more difficult to fix.

Build a metal frame - when you carefully study the drawing, you can start cutting pipes. Next, weld horizontal rods to the uprights at three points.

Attention! If you preferred wooden frame, at this stage you need to weld a special mount for the bars to the racks. Self-tapping screws are needed to secure the frame of this type.

Adjust the sheets to size, it's good if you have friends who can help with this. Attach metal sheets with self-tapping screws.

Install the gate using the elements purchased earlier - weld the frame from the corners and sheathe it with a profiled sheet.

For construction pitched roof build a frame of metal rods or wooden beams, attach a lining to them.

Attention! Choose a lining based on weather conditions: the need to withstand the weight of snow, resistance to sunlight.

Wooden garages are beautiful to look at and practical to use, they are eco-friendly and easy to install. The nuances include the presence of two construction options: by installing the frame and from the block house. You can choose the one that suits you best. The first method is implemented cheaply and quickly, but the second one is more reliable.

Instructions for building a garage made of wood

The technology for building a garage from such material has the following steps:

• Decide on the model and location - think about whether you want a garage attached to the house, or standing alone. Decide on the type of gate, methods of opening them.
• Make a layout of the future building.
• Prepare the site - clean and tamp the surface to make it perfectly flat.

Attention! If you don't want to see your garage skewed, take the previous point seriously.

• Fill the foundation - dig a trench around the perimeter, install a wooden formwork. Make a pillow out of sand and gravel, alternating layers and tamping them down.

• Install metal bars and pour M300 concrete, leave for three weeks.
• Run the bottom trim with wood using a board 5 by 10 cm, keep an interval of about 120 cm, but no more.

Attention! Wood absorbs moisture, which can cause it to rot. Treat it with antiseptics, and then you can quickly build a garage with your own hands with minimal cost for materials.

• You can install struts in the corners, then the garage will become more reliable.

Probably the most difficult stage is the pouring and construction of the frame. But if you have encountered this type of work before, it will not take much time and effort. Take boards about 2.5 * 10 cm thick or a standard lining. If you use wood, it must be sheathed and covered with a waterproofing film.

You yourself have seen that in time it will not take many hours. Now you can look at the price lists of materials and you will understand that it is also inexpensive.

The cinder block is different, for example:

• shell rock;
• blast furnace slag;
• brick fight.

Their durability has been tested by time - they are even used to build houses in warm climatic regions, not to mention garages. To strengthen the plates themselves, manufacturers add polystyrene, perlite and various useful components to the composition.

The only drawback of the cinder block is its susceptibility to moisture. Therefore, for areas where groundwater flows, it does not serve for a long time, it is better to choose another material there. Unfortunately, a budget cinder block cannot even be varnished like a tree.

Attention! Not only in composition, but also in structure, the following types of this material are distinguished: full-bodied - for the foundation and hollow - for walls. The entanglement usually results in the destruction of the house.

How to build a cinder block building

The technology of building a garage cheaply with your own hands from a cinder block is in many ways reminiscent of the process of building from wood:

• clean and level the site, while you should have a plan of the future building in your hands;
• install a strip foundation, for which, to a depth and width of about half a meter, dig a trench along the perimeter, lay a brick-sand cushion, reinforcement and fill it with cement.
• after waiting a month, build walls;
• perform a coupler;
• install the roof;
• attach the gate.

Attention! The cinder block is laid in a manner identical to laying bricks, only faster. This is done using the spoon or poke method. Make the walls thicker - and the garage will last longer.

When erecting walls, corners are first made, cords are stretched between them, thanks to which the evenness of the structure is ensured.
The floor screed is made with about 10 cm concrete grade M200.

You just have to do the wiring for electricity and then finish the garage inside.

Conclusion

You have become familiar with the basic materials that are often used in order to inexpensively build a garage with your own hands in one month. You can choose the ones that are easiest to use or suit the conditions of your climate region. We wish you good luck in construction, fantasy when creating interior decoration. Remember: the cost of building a garage completely covers the risk of theft of an unattended car.

A garage on the site gives the owner a lot of advantages. No need to think about where to park your car. The machine is intact at any time of the year. The garage is built from the following materials. Suitable timber, foam blocks, cinder blocks, stone, brick or finished metal structure. If you carry out the construction of the garage yourself, you will be able to avoid high costs by saving on the wages of professional builders.

What do you need to build a garage

1. Select building materials.
2. Pick a suitable location.
3. Develop a project.
4. Make a breakdown of the future object on the site.
5. Carry out earthworks.
6. Pour the foundation.
7. Set up a basement.
8. Install gate.
9. Build walls.
10. Build overlays.
11. Cover the roof.
12. Make a floor and blind area.
13. Finish interior decoration.

Location selection

• Take the master plan of the site.
• See how residential and commercial buildings are located.
• Choose a place that is reserved for the construction of a garage, observing fire regulations.
• Pay attention to how the future building is located in relation to the house.
• Note the ease of entry and exit.

Three options for the location of the garage on the site:

1. Deep in the area.
2. On the line of the outer fence of the site.
3. On the border line between two areas.

The first option is freedom of action. It should only be taken into account that the distance from the residential building to the garage is at least 9 meters. If buildings with plastic trim are located on the site, the distance to them is at least 15 meters.

In the second option, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that the opening doors of the garage do not interfere with the movement of cars or people. Therefore, the distance to the fence of the site is not less than a meter.

The third option imposes the following distance restrictions: at least a meter to the border of the neighboring area. At least 10 meters - to the windows of a neighboring house.

The size of the building depends on the size of the car and the number of cars. If you are building a garage for one standard car, its dimensions are as follows:

• length - 6 meters;
• width - 3.3 meters;
• height - 2.4 meters.

For a car longer than the standard one, you will need a garage up to 7.8 meters in length.

Garage size for two cars:

• length - 6 (7.8) meters;
• width - 6 meters;
• height - 2.4 meters.

Garage project development

When developing a project, you can use two options:

1. Order technical documentation from specialists.
2. Make a plan yourself.

With the first option, savings will not work, a lot of time will be spent waiting, but the result is guaranteed.

The second option, if you can afford it, does not require costs and a long time. Mentally imagine the future structure and draw its diagram.

Please note the following points:

• the location of the building;
• dimensions;
• the presence of a viewing hole;
• building material used;
• capital construction, or installation of a finished structure.

Location binding

When the plan is ready, you need to break down the building on the site. The plan is transferred to the real ground. To do this, mark the corners of the future structure with marking stakes or reinforcement on the ground.

1. Drive in one peg first.
2. Then from it, using a square and a tape measure, measure the remaining three.
3. Stretch the rope between the stakes.
4. Start earthworks.

Do-it-yourself garage foundation

During earthworks a trench is dug to fill the strip foundation. Trench width - 40 cm, depth - from 60 cm to 1 m, depending on the degree of soil freezing in your area in winter time. The bottom of the finished trench is trampled down, the walls are processed vertically with a shovel so that the earth does not crumble.

The foundation is better to make rubble concrete, you can save on cement by using rubble rubble.

Lay large fractions of crushed stone or stone in rows at the bottom of the trench. Spill each row with cement-sand mortar until the trench is filled. To prevent the foundation from shrinking, use good quality cement, and add no more than 2 parts of sand to 1 part of cement. Water usually leaves according to the amount of cement.

If you plan to install a ready-made metal structure, it is necessary to pour concrete over the entire area under the garage.

Plinth and walls

In capital construction, after pouring the strip foundation along the perimeter of the trench, install a plank formwork. Use the level. Fill the plinth with concrete. When the concrete dries, lay the roofing felt waterproofing in two layers. Install gates before building walls. Gates must be special garage doors made of metal. They must be fixed in masonry (stone, brick, block).

After installing the gate, start laying out the walls. Start laying from the corners. Pull the cord between the corners, along which you lay in rows. Use the building level and check yourself with a plumb line.

Ceilings and roof

Overlappings of a capital garage are at the same time its roof. The difference in the height of the floors will provide the necessary slope of the roof for water flow. The slope of the roof is 5 cm per meter.

Overlappings are made of steel beams with a laying step of 80 cm. Sew them up with boards, lay roofing material, pour slag, sand or expanded clay, make a cement screed. After the cement has dried, cover the roof with waterproof material.

Floor and pavement

The garage floor must be concrete. Level the base of the floor, tamp it down, cover it with sand or gravel, with a layer of 15-20 cm. concrete screed. Outside, along the perimeter, arrange a blind area with a width of at least 50 cm. The blind area is made at a slope to drain rainwater.

The interior arrangement of the garage, the decoration of walls, floors, the availability of lighting, heating depends on the desire of the owner. The garage can fit not only a car, but also various tools and equipment. You can use the garage as a workshop. Many make a basement or cellar in the garage.

How to build a garage with your own hands (video)

See how to build a frame garage with your own hands

Outcome

It is very possible to build a garage yourself. Do not forget to carefully prepare the project and choose high-quality materials. In this case, the fruits of your labor will make you proud of your work.

Every car owner dreams of a small cozy garage. This dream can easily be turned into reality. with my own hands by building a garage yourself.

Construction features

Before you start making a garage, you need to carefully consider and disassemble the construction plan. First of all, you need to obtain a building permit.

Pay special attention to the following documents:

• SNiP 2.07.01-89 “Urban planning. Planning and development of urban and rural settlements”;
• SNiP 21.01.97 " Fire safety buildings and structures".

If fire regulations are not met, then the building can be declared illegal and demolished.

You also need to decide what kind of building will be. It is divided into several types:

• temporary - has a short service life;
• mobile - requires a frame structure;
• combined - suitable for subsiding soils;
• capital - has a long service life, but will be expensive.

It is necessary to consider protection against intruders. It is better to spend money on an alarm system than to calculate the losses due to stolen property and a stolen car later.

Dimensions

In order to calculate the required dimensions, you should decide on the number and size of machines that will "live" in the building. You should also understand whether any other things will be stored in the garage. It is necessary to consider whether a large car will be bought in the near future. For example, if in the near future the owner is going to purchase a large truck, then building a passenger car is pointless, it is better to immediately consider the option of building a large garage.

For one car, the size will be calculated based on its dimensions. To this value you need to add half a meter on each side. This is necessary for a comfortable exit from the car and free movement around the garage. It should be remembered that with such small sizes there will be no room for tires and various devices. Therefore, it is worth increasing the length by 3 meters and adding a few more meters to the width. The height of the building must be more than half a meter from the height of the car.

All measurements are best done with the trunk open.

For several cars, it will be more difficult to calculate the size. Between them you need to create a distance of a fully open door, you can add 30-40 cm for comfortable parking. Between the wall and the door, the distance should be more than half a meter. The front and rear of the vehicle must be positioned so that a person can pass freely. The distance should be left at about one meter.

As for the gate, here you need to take the width of the car and add 60 cm on both sides. If there are two cars, then it is better to take the width of the gate from 2.5 meters and 20 cm in reserve on each side. The height of the building is calculated in the same way as in the case of a single machine.

These were examples of the simplest small boxes. If the owner wants to use the garage space not only for storing his "iron horse", but also for other purposes, it will be enough to calculate the dimensions of the items and take into account the space for a free approach to them. Then add the data obtained to the existing dimensions of the garage, which were calculated from above.

A drawing will help determine the dimensions., it is carried out on paper or in special program. For advice, you can turn to professionals, they will help and tell you how best to fulfill this or that idea. You can take the finished scheme. The main thing is its presence. The drawing is very important for subsequent work.

Location selection

If the garage is located on suburban area, you can consider the option of adding a structure to the house. There is no need to obtain permission here, construction does not require special conditions, because such a building is considered part of the house. Here it is possible to make the exit as close to the gate as possible or immediately to the street.

With separately standing type garage will have to tinker. The SNiP states that there must be a distance of at least one meter between the garage and the boundary of the site if there are no buildings on neighboring land plots. In the case when they are, then the distance should be at least 6 meters. When erecting a building, make sure that there are no sewer pipes, heating pipes, water pipes and power lines nearby. Construction in lowlands should be avoided - this can lead to flooding. The best option there will be a slight rise.

If there is not enough space on the site, then the way out of the situation is to build a garage underground. Departure must be done on the street. It is impossible to have a garage directly under the house itself; it would be more rational to make an extension to the strip foundation. The area under which the building is located should not be used for the installation of structures with a foundation depth of more than 55 cm. But if there are underground springs or wetlands at the site of the future building, then it is better to refuse construction, such soil will require an extremely expensive drainage system.

The premises must be located as close as possible to the exit and the motorway, but without sharp turns.

If there is no cottage, but a garage is needed, you can buy a privatized plot of land in the city. After that, having received permission, start construction. This process is very lengthy, so be patient. You should choose a place as close to home as possible, but you need to be prepared for the fact that there may not be free land for building within the city, but only on the outskirts or outside the city. Such a garage needs careful protection from intruders.

Design Options

There are many types of garages, for every taste and budget. The simplest and cheapest options are “shell” and “pencil case”. They can be easily made with your own hands, and the “shell” can even be moved. But they are not durable.

The next type is one-story, it can be made with a pit or a hozblok. In the city, most often they build a monolithic version, and although it does not look very attractive, it is very durable. No thief will be able to get into it. If the garage is located on a summer cottage, then inexpensive option can become a panel frame garage. It is built many times faster than monolithic and brick.

A two-story building can serve not only for storing cars, but also suitable for living in the summer. The residential floor should be warm, equipped with light, a toilet and a kitchen. And the second floor with gable roof can turn into a cozy attic.

The garage can also be an extension to the main house. The advantages of such a building are that you do not need to think additionally about heating and other communications, the entrance to the extension can be made directly from home. But a significant disadvantage is that exhaust gases enter the house upon arrival and departure of a car. This option is suitable for those owners who have not completed the main house, because an extension to an already finished building requires large investments and thorough preparation.

For the construction of an underground room, several conditions must be met:

• When building a deep garage, its waterproofing is considered the biggest problem. Here arrangement is required drainage system garage roofs and reinforced waterproofing of all load-bearing structures.
• The garage roof frame must be made using concrete slabs with a mandatory support system.
• The room must have an emergency exit in the event of a house collapse or fire.
• After choosing a garage design, you should decide on the material and find good suppliers of all the necessary attributes for construction.

materials

The market offers a huge range quality materials that will last a long time. Each has its own pros and cons, you should remember this and choose the option with which it will be comfortable to work.

Polycarbonate is a lightweight and cheap material, but should only be used for a small garage. For example, for shells.

If the owner prefers metal, then you can opt for sandwich panels or corrugated board. Sandwich panels in a section resemble a sandwich: there is a heater between two metal sheets. Construction is carried out in a very short time, and the structure is lightweight and lends itself to any upgrades. Their price is very low, and installation can be carried out at any time of the year. But such material is short-lived, the metal frame requires rust treatment, and the wooden base must be treated with antiseptic substances.

Decking is cheap, high-quality and beautiful material. Garages from corrugated board are built quite quickly. You should pay attention to the brand: it is better to choose S-20 or PS 0.5 mm thick. In no case should you take grades -8, these sheets will not last long due to poor wind resistance and low frost resistance.

A red brick construction will be much more reliable than a metal one. Such material has high frost resistance, low thermal conductivity. In terms of aesthetics brickwork looks pretty decent, but the material is expensive.

The foam block is cheap and light in weight, so one person can build from it. The only catch is that the gray blocks don't look very attractive. This problem can be solved with the help of finishing materials.

Gas silicate blocks are gaining great popularity. Despite their low weight, they have high strength, they are easy to process. Also, the blocks have low thermal conductivity, do not require additional treatment with antiseptics. With such material, you can not be afraid of the appearance of mold, bacteria and fungus.

According to ecological characteristics gas silicate blocks are on a par with natural materials.

Minus gas silicate blocks - high water absorption. The plaster layer on the walls can crack and flake off. This problem can be solved by treating the walls with penetrating primers. Since blocks are a weak basis for fasteners, it will be problematic to fix massive objects. They do not have high frost resistance. The material has high rates of free lime, which allows you to activate the corrosion processes of metal inclusions: fittings, pipelines, frames and others.

Another artificial, but environmentally friendly material is cinder block. You can buy it or make it yourself. The second will require a vibroforming machine. When buying, you should pay attention to the filler. It is better to choose crushed stone, sawdust, shell rock, expanded clay. A cinder block garage is not afraid of natural disasters, it has a high fire safety, and is easily repaired. With this material, you can vary the thickness of the walls. In addition, it is not amenable to biological destruction, its price is quite small, and its service life is about 100 years. Reduces the dignity of the cinder block unpresentable appearance, complex laying of pipes and cables, high thermal conductivity.

Arbolite has been known since the times of the USSR. It is light in weight and has low thermal conductivity. It is a flame-retardant material, resistant to stretching. He is not afraid of cracks and deformations during foundation movements. It is immune to rot and mildew. The material is distinguished by high frost resistance. It is also easy to fix various designs on it. In such a garage there will be good sound absorption. Of the minuses - a high coefficient of water absorption - from 40 to 85%, and a rather high price.

Expanded clay block will be an assistant in the embodiment of bold design and architectural ideas. Almost all types of finishes, both internal and external, are suitable for it. The material has low thermal conductivity, it is strong and durable, with high sound insulation. The vapor permeability of the blocks creates a favorable microclimate inside the building. The process of building a garage will move quickly due to large sizes block. And simple production contributes to an affordable price.

The downside of expanded clay blocks is the formation of cold bridges, but with the help of cladding and additional thermal insulation, the problem can be solved. The material has low water resistance, is quite heavy and requires a strong foundation, but this building material cannot be used as a foundation.

A more natural material is wood. The material is inexpensive, beautiful and allows you to perform bold design solutions. With the help of various impregnations, fire resistance can be achieved. Minus - a short service life and high thermal conductivity.

Railway sleepers are bars made of trees. A special blend that works as an antiseptic helps protect your garage from rot, bacteria, sun, moisture and small rodents. You can buy sleepers at the nearest railway department, where the tracks are being repaired. A garage made of such material will turn out to be dry and warm, able to withstand even an earthquake. But you should never build a garage from new sleepers. The smell of creosote is very dangerous, it can cause chemical burns and poisoning. The period of their use in the air should be 12-30 years, during this period the mixture is washed off and loses its unpleasant odor.

The methods of manufacturing and processing sleepers are different, some products are impregnated through, while others are 2.75 centimeters. It is better to use the last option. Such a building requires careful processing inside, which reduces the risk of contact with creosote residues. Outside, it is necessary to make a well-ventilated facade.

Many building materials do not have high frost resistance, so the garage needs to be insulated. The cheapest insulation is foam. It is very easy to install. But you need to remember that this is a fragile material that wears out quickly.

Another cheap heater - mineral wool. It is safe for health, has high thermal insulation and a high level of sound absorption. Such material must be covered with an additional layer of vapor barrier.

A more serious insulation is reflective thermal insulation. The material consists of a layer of heat insulator, covered with a metallized film on top. Of the advantages - low thermal conductivity, excellent sound insulation, low weight, immunity to moisture. This material is easy to install. The disadvantage is that the material has been used not so long ago and all its properties have not been studied. It is only known that this insulation is susceptible to corrosion.

Basalt cardboard is a durable material that is highly resistant to temperature extremes, deformation and moisture. The material has low heat capacity and good sound absorption, is not afraid of fire. It is not cheap, but very high quality and will last for many years.

In addition, heat-insulating paint and “warm” plaster will help to insulate the garage.

Finishing outside the building should combine resistance to external environmental influences and have a presentable appearance. Modern market offers a wide range of options that meet these conditions. The simplest and cheapest ways are jointing, plastering, siding. More expensive ways wooden lining, natural or artificial stones.

If the garage is two-story, the space between the first and second floors is covered with reinforced concrete slabs. It is desirable to do this with a hollow-core slab, because it is easier to install and low in price.

Roof covering materials can be divided into two groups: soft and hard. The former are suitable for a flat roof, and the latter for a gable roof.

The soft ones are:

• Flexible tiles. The material serves up to 55 years, is resistant to corrosion and decay and can be of any color. It is better not to use the material in the northern regions - under the influence of frost, it becomes brittle.
• Ruberoid. Service life - about 15 years. The material is cheap, resistant to frost and sun exposure.

• The self-leveling roof serves 22 years, is easily and quickly installed, and can be repaired. The application surface must be perfectly smooth.
• The built-up rolled roof (gidroizol, stekloizol) has been in operation for about 50 years. The material is durable, does not burn, it has good sound insulation, and is immune to temperature extremes. The only negative is the high price.

The hard ones are:

• Reinforced concrete slab - has a long service life, suitable for flat roofs, can withstand a lot of weight. On such a roof, you can even set up a garden.
• Flat slate - easy to install, inexpensive, does not lose its qualities in any climatic conditions. Its very easy to fix.

• Polycarbonate - serves for about 25 years, does not burn and does not react with solvents, low in price. Such material is easy to install, resistant to temperature extremes, but under their influence it can slightly change shape.
• Seam roof - does not require a powerful frame, durable, resistant to mechanical damage and temperature extremes. Cons of the material - high price, difficult installation, low sound absorption.

• SIP-3 is used for overhead lines power lines;
• SIP-4 is resistant to ultraviolet rays;
• SIP-5 is suitable for temperate and cold climates, resistant to high temperatures.

For the storage and safe movement of building materials, wooden pallets are required. A good choice would be a pallet made of white acacia, birch or boxwood.

To save money, you can buy a used pallet, the main thing is good quality.

Construction process: main stages

After creating a drawing, choosing building materials and compiling step-by-step instructions, construction can begin.

"Penal" and "shell" do not require a solid foundation. First you need to make several separate sections and then assemble them.

Assembly steps:

• it is necessary to drill technological holes in the structure;
• cover the finished elements with an anti-corrosion agent and paint them;
• assemble the segments into a common structure and fix;
• protect and paint all welding defects.

Electricity is available in the garage. To do this, a lamp and two sockets are installed, then the wires are passed through the corrugation. Taken for work copper wires double insulated.

The construction of a more complex structure begins with the installation of a strong foundation. For the garage, options such as monolithic slab, pile material, tape shallow or buried foundation. If a pit or cellar is planned, then the best choice- recessed tape. A garage with a quality foundation will last a long time and will not bring problems, so more attention should be paid to this stage.

Separately, it is worth considering the construction of the pit. The size depends on the car itself. For a passenger car, a width of about 70 cm is suitable, for a truck you need to standard size add 20-25 cm. The height depends on the height of the owner of the garage, but, in any case, it is better to make the garage a little deeper.

An important element is the plinth, its height ranges from 0.5 to 2 meters. There are two types of plinth: protruding and sinking. The first option is more elegant, but it will require the construction of an additional ebb along the protruding upper edge - this prevents moisture from entering. The second option is more practical and the building receives maximum protection from moisture.

When building walls, two methods are used, it all depends on the chosen material. The first way is block building. With it, the garage will not need to be heavily insulated, but additional finishing on the outside will be required. The second way is wireframe. The frame is made of a metal profile pipe or a wooden beam. The advantage of this method is the rapid construction of the premises.

The next step is preparing the gate for installation. First you need to take measurements. It is necessary to measure the opening, paying attention to the distance from the right edge to the left. It is also necessary to measure the height of the lintel.

Exist different kinds garage doors: simple hinged, sectional, automatic or manual. Most car owners prefer sectional. These products are very comfortable less space, sealed and strong. But they are high in price and have a complex device.

Before equipping the gate, you need to carefully read the instructions and properly prepare the opening. If the material is light, the opening is reinforced with a special metal frame. For a brick garage, such a frame is not required.

The room needs to be vacated, this will help to cope with the assembly and installation of the gate much faster and easier.

The next stage depends on the number of floors: if the garage is two-story, then it is necessary to overlap between the first and second floors with a reinforced concrete slab and re-erect the walls.

When building a roof, you need to be careful and observe safety precautions. The easiest way - flat roof with a slight slope, about 15 cm. So it will be better to descend and drain the precipitation. The only disadvantage of such a roof is the lack of an attic.