How to build a frame garage yourself. DIY frame garage: budget construction. Video - DIY frame garage

Cinder block is a relatively inexpensive material with excellent performance and properties. If desired, you can build a wonderful garage from it without involving outside workers for this. How? Let's tell you now!

Preparatory activities

Self-construction of a garage from a cinder block begins with the implementation of a number of important preparatory activities... Follow the sequence given.

Seat selection

First of all, we choose a suitable place for the construction of our caravan. It is convenient when the garage is located next to the house - in bad weather you don't have to get wet in the rain and wade through snowdrifts.

It is better that the garage is located at a minimum distance from the exit from the site. The number of turns should be minimal. It is not recommended to build a garage from a cinder block in a lowland, because this threatens to flood with atmospheric and ground waters.

Be sure to make sure that there are no communication lines at the site of the planned construction, such as:

• water pipes;
• power lines;
• sewerage and heating pipes.

In the event of a breakdown of the listed communications in the future, the presence of a garage will significantly complicate their repair.

Make sure that when building a garage in the chosen location, there is enough space for the door to open. Free space for parking the car during washing and other works will be useful.

Construction site marking

Having chosen a suitable place for building a garage from, we proceed to marking the site. At this stage, you will need a small set of auxiliary tools, namely:

• reinforcing bars or other similar fixtures;
• hammer for driving rods;
• dense thread for pulling between the pegs;
• tape measure.

Before proceeding with the marking work, you need to accurately determine the dimensions of the future structure. At this point, focus on the following factors:

• affordable free space Location on;
• financial opportunities;
• individual preferences and needs.

If a cinder block garage will be used as a storage place for a standard-sized passenger car, a structure measuring 6x4 m and a height of 2.5-3 m will be enough for you.

The six-meter length is due to the dimensions of the car (on average 4-5 m) with a half-meter margin for unhindered passage. The width of the machine is on average 200-250 cm. Approximately 70 cm should be left for aisle, installation of shelving and storage of various materials used in the garage.

If you wish, you can adjust the dimensions of the building at your discretion. There are no strict restrictions and standard dimensions for cinder block garages.

Cinder block calculation

Choosing a place for construction and determining optimal sizes garage, we proceed to the calculation of materials. Treat this stage of your work with the utmost responsibility. Due to errors at the calculation stage, you may simply not have enough materials, or you will waste money on unnecessary blocks.

The calculation will be considered on the example of a garage with dimensions of 6x4 m and a height of 250 cm. The masonry is carried out according to the most common method among them - in half a block. Gate dimensions - 300x230 cm.

The dimensions of one block are standardized - 39x19x18.8 cm. Based on this, 13.6 blocks will be spent on 1 m2 masonry. You will lay out the entire building from 586 elements. Usually about 5-10% of the material is added "in stock". If the design provides for the presence of additional doors and window openings, take this into account when performing the calculation.

You will also need to buy a rubble stone for arranging the base, several beams of metal or wood (in the case of a garage of the indicated dimensions, five 430-centimeter x beams will be enough).

Do not forget to buy for pouring the foundation or components (cement, sand and crushed stone) for its self-preparation.

You will also need a topcoat material. When choosing it, be guided by your preferences.

Buy concrete or prepare it yourself. The proportions are standard:

Building block prices

Building blocks

A step-by-step guide to building a garage

Getting started self-construction garage from cinder block.

The first stage is the foundation

We start with the arrangement of the foundation. The cinder block structure will have a relatively low weight. A shallow tape base is sufficient.

Dig a trench in accordance with the markings. Ideally, the depth of the structure should exceed the level of soil freezing. Most often, they are deepened by 60-80, and sometimes by 100 cm. At the same stage, we prepare the recesses for the cellar and, if their presence is provided for by the project.

We attach a plastic wrap or roofing felt for waterproofing to the pit walls.

We fill the bottom of the trench with a 20-30 cm layer of a mixture of crushed stone and gravel, followed by careful compaction.

We set it so that the height of the finished concrete structure is about 100 mm higher than the ground level.

We give the concrete mixture to harden. According to the regulations, concrete gains strength within 28 days. On top of the hardened tape, we lay the roofing material in two layers for waterproofing.

Second stage - walls

Determine the height and length of the walls individually. Blocks are laid like bricks. The most popular methods are as follows:

• in half a stone;
• into stone;
• one and a half stones;
• in two stones.

The thickness of the masonry directly affects the resistance of the finished walls to wind loads, temperature extremes, etc.

Most often, as noted, builders use the "brick" method of laying, in which the next stacked row overlaps the seams of the underlying one. First we lay out the corners, then we stretch the ropes between them for evenness of the masonry and continue working.

In the process of arranging the walls, we adhere to the following important rules:

In the upper part of the walls, we leave the slots for installing floor beams. Recommended dimensions - 200x200x150 mm. Then you can lay or blow out the gaps. The optimal spacing for placing nests is 100 cm.

Stage three - roof

We make the base from I-beams - this is the best option. We select the length of the elements so that it exceeds the width of the building by 250 mm.

We put the beams across with a step of about 1 m. We fix the beams in a suitable way, for example, using anchors.

After that, we sew up the base with beams 4 cm thick. We lay the beam as tightly as possible. We put a heater on top of the beams, on it (mineral wool, slag or expanded clay), fill in 2 cm of the screed and finish the "pie" with aquaizol, rubemast or other suitable material... If you wish, you can choose a different finish coating at your discretion.

Stage four - gender

We do it flush with the base. As a standard, a screed with a thickness of at least 100 mm is poured. We pre-clean the surface of debris, level it and, if necessary, fill the bottom with sand or fine gravel.

We make the screed from concrete of the M200 brand. We pour the material continuously, slowly, in several layers. Let the concrete grab and rub the surface.

To make it convenient to enter the garage, we equip a ramp in the front of the building. Be sure to make a 50-70-centimeter blind area around the entire perimeter of the building. It will ensure timely drainage of water from the base.

Prices for various types of screeds and self-leveling floors

Screeds and self-leveling floors

Finishing works

We choose a specific design option at our discretion, buy or make it ourselves and install it according to the instructions that are relevant for the selected system.

Supply electricity affordable way ("By air" or "underground"). Install and lighting in the right places.

We proceed to the outdoor and. There are no strict restrictions and specific recommendations in this regard. Walls can be rubbed cement mixture, finish with plaster or whitewash, sheathe with siding, clapboard or other similar material.

The internal arrangement is yours. Desktop, shelving - focus on your preferences and needs. Be sure to design a fire corner from a fire extinguisher, a box of sand, a shovel and a bucket.

Finally, bring the necessary furniture and accessories into the garage.

Find out what are the options for self-guided, in our new article.

Happy work!

Video - We build a garage with our own hands

A garage is a building that every motorist needs, which ensures the safety of the vehicle and protects the car from the negative effects of the environment. Many owners postpone the construction of such an object, suggesting that its construction is too complicated and expensive procedure. However, today you can build a garage with minimal time and financial costs if you build a frame structure. In the article we will learn about the main nuances and features frame construction.

Why are frame structures so popular?

IN last years wireframe objects has become very popular. When using high-quality building materials and with the correct organization of work, such a garage will in no way be inferior to an object built of brick, wood or any other traditional materials.

Frame construction technology has gained wide popularity, primarily due to the ease of installation. The frame building can be erected independently, without seeking help from professional installers, which can significantly reduce the budget for the construction of the facility. In addition, such construction takes relatively little time - experienced people in this business can build an object in just a few days.

The reduction in construction costs is also due to the availability of modern building materials. And due to their low weight, delivery to the construction site can be performed without the involvement of specialized equipment.

The garage frame can be constructed from different materials, but most often they use wooden beams and metal profiles.

The construction procedure itself includes several simple steps:

1. 1. Preparation of the construction site.
2. 2. Digging a pit and creating a foundation.
3. 3. Marking and assembly of the wall frame.
4. 4. Roofing device.
5. 5. Insulation and wall cladding.
6. 6. Installation of garage doors.

To learn how to build wireframe objects with your own hands, you need to understand each of the described stages separately.

Start of installation work - preparation of the construction site and installation of the foundation

Preparatory work is considered the most important in any construction. The evenness of the foundation and the reliability of the entire new building will depend on the quality of the site preparation for the construction of the facility. After choosing a suitable location on the site, it is necessary to clear the perimeter and carefully level the terrain.

The building site must be 50-60 cm larger than the perimeter of the object being built on each side. After marking from the ground, it is necessary to remove the fertile soil layer with a depth of 15 to 20 cm. The easiest way is to dig such a hole using a special technique, although with some skill and free time, you can get by with a shovel and do everything yourself. The bottom of the dug hole must be compacted manually or using a roller.

For the construction of a frame garage, any type of foundation is suitable, since the building will not differ in large weight, which means it will not create a serious load on the prepared base. However, in addition to the construction site itself, when choosing a foundation, you need to take into account the weight of the car that will stand in the garage. Experts recommend creating a slab or strip foundation for frame objects.

After determining the type of foundation, you need to outline the corner points of the perimeter under the walls. To begin with, you need to mark one corner point at which the scribe is installed. Cords are tied to the cast-off - two on each side when arranging a strip foundation, in this case the distance between the cords will set the width of the planned tape. The cords are stretched along the sides of the future foundation for the entire length, after which they are fixed on opposite rags.

It is extremely important to make all the corners of the future building straight. With the help of the crossbar of the installed castor, you can move the fixation point of the cord within certain limits. To make sure the corners are square, you can measure the diagonals of the rectangle, they should be the same length.

Frame garage can be built on a budget columnar basis. The foundation of the supports is easy to install, you can make it yourself and it is perfect for subsequent plank flooring, which must be strong and reliable enough to support the weight of the car. A columnar foundation can be made from different materials. Usually, for the construction of such a base, reinforced concrete structures, concrete blocks, bricks are used, or several materials are combined at once.

The strip foundation is more complex in arrangement and requires much more time, since in construction you will have to use concrete mortar, which gains strength for a long time and hardens. The main advantage of the strip base for the frame structure is that it provides ample opportunities for creating a viewing hole. The floor of the garage on a strip foundation can be made both wooden and concrete.

The third most popular type of foundation for the construction of frame structures is the slab base. It is considered the most difficult and costly in construction, since it requires the creation of a whole system of compacted layers of different materials, on top of which concrete is already poured. The advantage of the slab base is its high strength, reliability and durability.

Design and construction of the building frame

After creating the foundation, you can proceed to the construction of the frame of the future structure. The garage frame can be made of a metal profile, wooden beam or from both of these materials at the same time. Having decided on the materials used, it is imperative to prepare a project. This document will allow you to correctly complete all stages of construction and build a really high-quality, well-thought-out building.

The installation work itself is usually divided into several stages:

1. 1. Installation of the bottom trim.
2. 2. Assembly of vertical structures - walls.
3. 3. Installation of the upper trim.
4. 4. Sheathing of the frame.
5. 5. Installation of the roof frame.

First of all, a waterproofing material (usually roofing material) is laid on the finished base. Waterproofing is necessary to protect the wooden and metal elements of the future building from the negative effects of moisture. Roofing material acts as a pretty decent cut-off, thanks to which moisture will not spread from the walls of the foundation and from the ground during heavy precipitation.

At the next stage, a wooden beam of the selected size is laid on the foundation, it can be a beam of 120 × 120 mm, 150 × 150 mm or 120 × 150 mm. The timber, if desired, can be replaced with a board of 50 × 120 mm or a steel profile pipe with a square section of 10 × 10 cm. To fix the timber strapping in the corners, dowels or a cut are used. The metal elements of the strapping are fixed at the corners by welding, and the wooden ones - with anchor screws or studs embedded in the base. When installing the strapping on a columnar foundation, inside its frame, logs are placed on the edge, which will be necessary to secure the plank floor.

After that, you can proceed to the assembly of the wall frame. There are two build options:

1. 1. On site. I.e frame walls assembled and fixed vertically in place of their permanent location. The method is used when installing wooden structures.
2. 2. On the ground. The metal frame of the walls is usually assembled in a horizontal position on the ground, after which it is lifted and attached to the harness in a vertical position.

As elements of a wooden frame, a beam of 60 × 60 mm, a board of 30 × 150 or 30 × 120 mm are used. The metal frame is usually assembled from shaped pipe 60 × 60 mm. After connecting the individual elements to each other and installing the prepared structure vertically, the upper strapping is performed, which is necessary to give the frame maximum strength. For strapping, a beam or pipe is used, which in size must correspond to the size of the individual frame elements. For example, if the vertical posts are made of boards 120 mm wide, then the top strapping can be made from the same board, laying it in two layers, or from a bar of 60 × 120 mm.

The erected frame must be immediately sheathed inside or outside with facing materials. As such sheathing, sheets of OSB or plywood are used, as well as corrugated board. Sheathing the inside or outside of the object will make it more durable and allow you to proceed to the installation of the roof.

The roof of the garage can be made with one or two slopes. Gable roofs are more expensive and more difficult to build, but they allow you to equip a useful attic space or prepare an under-roof space for storing materials and tools used on the farm. is performed in several stages. First done rafter system, after which the slopes are sheathed with plywood sheets, on top of which the roof is laid.

Garage floor installation and installation of insulation materials

After installing the roof and wall cladding on one side, you can start installing the floor in the garage. If you install the floor before installing the roof, wood veneer may be severely affected by sudden rainfall. It is best to use a non-grooved board for cladding so that the finish can expand and contract due to changes in ambient temperature and humidity.

The flooring is done with a small gap between the individual cladding elements. A free space of at least 3-4 mm must be left between the boards so that the finish does not deform during thermal expansion. The cladding is usually laid on logs made of wooden blocks and fixed to the base with screws or nails.

On slab foundation additional cladding can be omitted. It will be enough only to treat the surface with a special strengthening primer of deep penetration, which will be able to strengthen, bond the upper layers of concrete and provide the base with the best hydrophobic characteristics. Concrete floor from above can be painted or covered ceramic tiles, but you can leave it without finishing at all.

The next step in the construction of a frame object is its insulation. It is very easy to install thermal insulation into the frame of the structure. The selected material is simply placed in the voids in the frame from the inside or outside (depending on which side the walls were originally sheathed from).

For insulation, you can use mineral wool, expanded polystyrene, sprayed polyurethane foam and any other thermal insulation materials. Sprayed polyurethane foam is considered preferred for insulation frame structure... It is more expensive than most other types of thermal insulation, requires the use of special equipment, but they can completely fill all the empty space in the frame, including any cavities and cracks, thanks to which the building will be qualitatively protected from cold bridges.

After installing the insulation, you can start cladding the walls from the side where they have not yet been installed facing materials... For cladding, any light finishes can be used, it is recommended that the building be clad on both sides using the same material. That is, if the walls are already covered with OSB plates from the inside, then it is better to upholster the frame with the same plates outside.

Finishing cladding and installation of garage doors

To make the garage truly comfortable, attractive inside and out, all surfaces in it are additionally coated. Inside, for finishing the premises, it is best to use materials that are reliable, durable and resistant to external negative influences. It is recommended to avoid cladding, which burns easily and promotes rapid flame spread. In garages, where fire hazardous substances can be stored, there is no place for such finishes.

Simultaneously with the finishing cladding, gates are installed in the garage, which can be hinged, sectional, roller shutter or up-and-over. For self installation simple swinging double-leaf gates are best suited, other structures require certain professional knowledge and skills during installation, which the ordinary owner most likely does not have.

The construction of a frame building, although it takes a lot of time, can be done completely independently. Of course, if you find yourself helpers, the work will go faster and take less energy, but with a certain skill, you can do without them. Follow the instructions in our step by step instructions the sequence of actions, and you can make the garage of your dreams with minimal investment.

If you want, you can take some inexpensive materials and do a little work on creating it. The main thing is that the structure is convenient for storing a car.

The days when brick was popular in garage construction are over, now practical hosts try to use alternative materials that help save construction time and money:

• Decking is a beautiful-looking and practical material;
• Wood is a reliable option;
• Cinder block is an inexpensive durable material.

Features of the process of building a garage

Depending on what material you choose, take into account the peculiarities of the technologies for working with each of them. We will describe them in more detail, talk about the construction technology.

A cheap garage is being built very quickly with your own hands from corrugated board. To begin with, select the appropriate grade of material, the S-20 or PS grades with a sheet thickness of 0.5 mm are best suited. At the same time, the letter C denotes the purpose of the material, this one is used in the construction of walls, the number indicates the stiffness - the higher it is, the stronger the sheet.

Attention! In no case should you buy sheets of grade -8. They are cheaper, but its performance is poor. Among the disadvantages are a short shelf life, poor wind resistance, freezing of walls in winter.

Necessary materials

To create a garage you will need:

• frame elements - metal rods, corners, bars;
• self-tapping screws;
• fasteners for gates, other metal elements;
• concrete and fittings for the basement.

Required tools

• welding;
• scissors for metal;
• screwdriver;
• bulgarian;
• electric jigsaw.

Instructions for creating a garage from corrugated board

Before building a garage cheaply from this material, you need to study the technology, which consists of the following steps:

Install a monolithic foundation - make a trench half a meter down, fill it with sand and fill it with water. Make holes 0.5 m deep for the posts. Attach the timber formwork, install wire reinforcement. Install the racks, level them, fill with M300 concrete for two to three weeks.

Attention! Wait at least two weeks until it is completely dry, no matter how quickly you would like to move on to the next stage. If you continue to work earlier, the foundation will soon begin to crack, which will be more difficult to fix.

Build a metal frame - when you carefully study the drawing, you can start cutting pipes. Next, weld the horizontal rods to the posts at three points.

Attention! If you prefer a wooden frame, at this stage you need to weld a special mount for the bars to the posts. Self-tapping screws are needed to secure this type of frame.

Fit the sheets to size, it's good if you have friends who can help with this. Attach metal sheets with self-tapping screws.

Install the gate using the previously purchased elements - weld the frame from the corners and sheathe it with a profiled sheet.

For construction shed roof build a frame from metal rods or wooden beams, attach a lining to them.

Attention! Choose lining based on weather conditions: the need to withstand the weight of the snow, the stability of the sun's rays.

Wooden garages are beautiful to look at and practical to use, they are environmentally friendly and easy to install. The nuances include the presence of two construction options: by installing the frame and from the block house. You can choose the one that suits you best. The first method is cheap and fast, but the second is more reliable.

Instructions for building a garage made of wood

The technology for constructing a garage from such material has the following stages:

• Decide on the model and location - think if you want a garage attached to the house, or free-standing. Decide on the type of gate, methods of opening them.
• Make a layout of the future building.
• Prepare the area - clean and tamp the surface so that it is perfectly flat.

Attention! If you don't want to see your garage skewed, take the previous point seriously.

• Fill the foundation - dig a trench around the perimeter, install wood formwork. Make a pillow out of sand and gravel, alternating layers and tamping them.

• Install metal rods and fill with M300 concrete, leave for three weeks.
• Carry out the bottom strapping with a tree using a 5 x 10 cm board, observe an interval of about 120 cm, but not more.

Attention! Wood absorbs moisture and can rot. Treat it with antiseptics, and then you can quickly build a garage with your own hands with minimal cost for materials.

• You can install braces in the corners, then the garage will become more reliable.

Probably the most difficult stage is the casting and construction of the frame. But if you have come across this type of work before, it will not take much time and labor. Take boards about 2.5 * 10 cm thick or a standard lining. If you use wood, it must be sheathed and covered with a waterproofing film.

You have seen for yourself that it will not take many hours in time. Now you can look at the prices of materials and you will understand that it is also inexpensive.

The cinder block is different, for example:

• shell rock;
• blast furnace slag;
• brick fight.

Their durability has been tested by time - they are even used for building houses in warm climatic regions, not to mention garages. To strengthen the slabs themselves, manufacturers add polystyrene, perlite and various useful components to the composition.

The only drawback of the cinder block is its susceptibility to moisture. Therefore, for an area where groundwater flows, it does not serve for a long time, it is better to choose another material there. Unfortunately, a budget cinder block cannot even be covered with varnish, like wood.

Attention! Not only in composition, but also in structure, the following types of this material are distinguished: corpulent - for the foundation and hollow - for walls. Mixing up usually leads to the destruction of the house.

How to build a cinder block building

The technology of constructing a garage cheaply with your own hands from a cinder block is in many ways reminiscent of the process of building from wood:

• clean and level the site, while you should have a plan of the future building in your hands;
• install a strip foundation, for which, to a depth and width of about half a meter, dig a trench around the perimeter, lay a brick-sand cushion, reinforcement and fill it with cement.
• after waiting a month, build walls;
• perform a screed;
• install the roof;
• attach the gate.

Attention! The cinder block is laid in a manner identical to brick laying, only faster. This is done using the spoon or poke method. Make your walls thicker and your garage will last longer.

When erecting walls, corners are first made, cords are pulled between them, thanks to which the evenness of the structure is ensured.
The floor screed is made about 10 cm with M200 grade concrete.

All you have to do is make the electrical wiring and then decorate the garage inside.

Conclusion

You have familiarized yourself with the basic materials that are often used in order to inexpensively build a garage with your own hands in one month. You can choose the ones that are easiest to use or that suit the conditions of your climatic region. We wish you good luck in construction, imagination when creating interior decoration... Remember: the cost of building a garage completely covers the risk of theft, left unattended.

A garage on the plot gives the owner many advantages. No need to think about where to park your car. The car is safe at any time of the year. The garage is being built from the following materials. A beam, foam blocks, cinder blocks, stone, brick or ready-made metal structure will do. If you carry out the construction of the garage yourself, you will be able to avoid high costs, saving on the wages of professional builders.

What it takes to build a garage

1. Select building materials.
2. Find a suitable place.
3. Develop a project.
4. Make a breakdown of the future object on the site.
5. Carry out earthworks.
6. Pour the foundation.
7. Equip the basement.
8. Install the gate.
9. Build walls.
10. Build floors.
11. Cover the roof.
12. Make the floor and blind area.
13. Complete interior decoration.

Seat selection

• Take a master plan of the site.
• See how the residential and outbuildings are located.
• Choose a site that is designated for building a garage, observing fire regulations.
• Pay attention to how the future building is located in relation to the house.
• Note the ease of entry and exit.

Three options for the location of the garage on the site:

1. In the depths of the site.
2. On the line of the outer fence of the site.
3. On the border line between two parcels.

The first option is freedom of action. It should only be taken into account that the distance from the residential building to the garage is at least 9 meters. If there are buildings with plastic finishing on the site, the distance to them is at least 15 meters.

In the second option, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that the opening garage doors do not interfere with the movement of cars or people. Therefore, the distance to the site fence is not less than a meter.

The third option imposes the following distance restrictions: at least one meter to the border of the neighboring area. At least 10 meters - to the windows of a neighboring house.

The size of the building depends on the size of the car and the number of cars. If you are building a garage for one standard car, the dimensions are as follows:

• length - 6 meters;
• width - 3.3 meters;
• height - 2.4 meters.

For a car longer than the standard one, you will need a garage up to 7.8 meters in length.

Garage size for two cars:

• length - 6 (7.8) meters;
• width - 6 meters;
• height - 2.4 meters.

Garage project development

When developing a project, you can use two options:

1. Order technical documentation from specialists.
2. Make a plan yourself.

With the first option, savings will not work, a lot of waiting time will be spent, but the result is guaranteed.

The second option, if you can handle it, does not require costs and a long time. Imagine the future structure in your mind and draw a diagram of it.

When doing this, note the following points:

• location of the building;
• sizes;
• the presence of a viewing hole;
• used building material;
• capital construction, or installation of a finished structure.

Snap to terrain

When the plan is ready, you need to break down the structure on the site. The plan is transferred to real ground. For this, the corners of the future structure are marked on the ground with marking stakes or fittings.

1. Drive in one peg first.
2. Then from it, using a square and a tape measure, measure the other three.
3. Pull the rope between the stakes.
4. Start excavating.

DIY garage foundation

During earthworks a trench is dug to fill the strip foundation. Trench width - 40 cm, depth - from 60 cm to 1 m, depending on the degree of soil freezing in your area in winter time... The bottom of the finished trench is trampled down, the walls are processed vertically with a shovel so that the earth does not crumble.

It is better to make a foundation with rubble concrete; you can save on cement by using rubble rubble.

Lay coarse fractions of rubble or stone in rows at the bottom of the trench. Spill each row with cement-sand mortar until the trench is filled. To prevent the foundation from shrinking, use good quality cement, and add no more than 2 parts of sand to 1 part of cement. Water is usually consumed by the amount of cement.

If you plan to install a finished metal structure, it is necessary to fill the entire area under the garage with concrete.

Plinth and walls

In capital construction, after pouring the strip foundation around the perimeter of the trench, install a plank formwork. Use the level. Fill the plinth with concrete. When the concrete is dry, lay the roofing material waterproofing in two layers. Install a gate before erecting walls. The gate must be a special garage made of metal. They must be fixed in masonry (stone, brick, block).

After installing the gate, start laying out the walls. Start laying from the corners. Pull the cord between the corners, along which you lay the masonry in rows. Use a building level and test yourself with a plumb line.

Slabs and roof

The overlaps of the capital garage are at the same time its roof. The difference in floor heights will provide the necessary roof slope for water drainage. Roof slope - 5 cm per meter.

Overlappings are made of steel beams with a stacking step of 80 cm. Sew them up with boards, lay roofing material, add slag, sand or expanded clay, make a cement screed. After the cement has dried, cover the roof with a waterproof material.

Floor and blind area

The garage floor must be concrete. Level the base of the floor, compact it, cover it with sand or gravel, with a layer of 15-20 cm. concrete screed... Outside, around the perimeter, arrange a blind area with a width of at least 50 cm. The blind area is made at a slope for the outflow of rainwater.

The interior arrangement of the garage, wall and floor decoration, the availability of lighting, heating depends on the owner's wishes. The garage can fit not only a car, but also various tools and equipment. You can use the garage as a workshop. Many people make a basement or cellar in the garage.

How to build a garage with your own hands (video)

See how to build a frame garage with your own hands

Outcome

It is very possible to build a garage yourself. Do not forget to just carefully prepare the project and choose quality materials. In this case, the fruits of your labor will make you proud of your work.

Every car owner dreams of a small, cozy garage. This dream is easy to turn into reality with my own handsby building a garage yourself.

Construction features

Before you start making a garage, you need to carefully think over and disassemble the construction plan. First of all, you need to obtain a building permit.

You need to pay special attention to the following documents:

• SNiP 2.07.01-89 “Urban planning. Planning and development of urban and rural settlements ";
• SNiP 01.21.97 " Fire safety buildings and structures ".

If fire regulations are not met, then the building can be declared illegal and demolished.

You also need to decide what the building will be. It is divided into several types:

• temporary - has a short service life;
• mobile - requires a frame structure;
• combined - suitable for subsiding soils;
• capital - has a long service life, but it will not be cheap.

It is necessary to consider protection from intruders. It is better to spend money on alarms than to calculate losses due to stolen property and a stolen car later.

Dimensions

In order to calculate the required dimensions, you should decide on the number and size of machines that will "live" in the building. You should also understand if there will be any other things stored in the garage. It is necessary to consider whether an oversized car will be bought in the near future. For example, if in the near future the owner is going to purchase a large truck, then building for a passenger car is meaningless, it is better to immediately consider the option of building a large garage.

For one machine, the size will be calculated based on its dimensions.To this value, add half a meter on each side. This is necessary for a comfortable exit from the car and free movement around the garage. It should be remembered that with such a small size there will be no room for tires and various devices. Therefore, it is worth increasing the length by 3 meters and adding a few more meters to the width. The building height must be more than half a meter from the vehicle height.

All measurements are best done with the trunk open.

For multiple vehicles, sizing will be more difficult.Between them you need to create a distance of a fully open door, you can add 30-40 cm for comfortable parking. The distance between the wall and the door should be more than half a meter. The front and rear of the vehicle must be positioned so that a person can freely pass. The distance should be left at about one meter.

As for the gate, here you need to take the width of the car and add 60 cm on both sides. If there are two cars, then it is better to take the width of the gate from 2.5 meters and 20 cm in reserve on each side. The height of the building is calculated in the same way as in the case of a single machine.

These were examples of the simplest small boxes. If the owner wants to use the garage space not only for storing his "iron horse", but also for other purposes, it will be enough to calculate the dimensions of the objects and take into account the space for free access to them. Then add the obtained data to the already existing garage dimensions, which were calculated above.

Drawing will help determine the dimensions, it is performed on paper or in a special program. For advice, you can turn to professionals, they will help and advise how best to fulfill this or that idea. You can take a ready-made scheme. The main thing is its presence. The drawing is very important for the subsequent work.

Seat selection

If the garage is located on summer cottage, you can consider the option of adding a structure to the house. There is no need to obtain a permit, construction does not require special conditions, because such a building is considered part of the house. Here it is possible to make an exit as close to the gate as possible or directly to the street.

You will have to tinker with a free-standing type of garage.The SNiP states that there must be a distance of at least one meter between the garage and the border of the plot, if there are no buildings on the neighboring land plots. If they are, then the distance should be at least 6 meters. When erecting a building, make sure that there are no sewer pipes, heating, water supply and power lines nearby. Erection in low areas should be avoided - this can lead to flooding. The best option there will be a small hill.

If there is not enough space on the site, then the way out of the situation is to build a garage underground. Exit to the street. It is impossible to place a garage directly under the house itself; it would be more rational to make an extension to the strip foundation. The territory under which the building is located should not be used for the installation of structures with a foundation depth of more than 55 cm.But if there are underground keys or wetlands at the site of the future construction, then it is better to abandon construction, for such soil you will need an extremely expensive drainage system.

The room should be located as close to the exit and the motorway as possible, but without sharp turns.

If you don't have a summer residence, but you need a garage, you can buy a privatized piece of land in the city. Then, having received permission, start construction. This procedure is very time consuming, so be patient. You should choose a place as close to your home as possible, but you need to be prepared for the fact that there may not be free land for building within the city limits, but only on the outskirts or outside the city. Such a garage needs careful protection from intruders.

Design options

There are many types of garages to suit every taste and budget. The simplest and cheapest options are "shell" and "pencil case". They can be easily made by hand, and the "shell" can even be moved. But they do not differ in durability.

The next type is one-story, it can be made with a pit or a utility block.In the city, a monolithic version is most often built, and although it does not look very attractive, it is very durable. No thief can get into it. If the garage is located in a summer cottage, then inexpensive option can become a panel frame garage. It is being built many times faster than a monolithic and brick one.

The two-story building can serve not only for storing cars, but also suitable for living in the summer. The residential floor should be warm, equipped with light, toilet and kitchen. And the second floor with gable roof can turn into a cozy attic.

The garage can also be an extension to the main house.The advantages of such a building are that you do not need to think additionally about heating and other communications, the entrance to the extension can be done right from home. But a significant disadvantage is that exhaust gases penetrate into the house when the car arrives and leaves. This option is suitable for those owners who have not completed the main house, because an extension to an already finished building requires large investments and thorough preparation.

To build an underground room, several conditions must be met:

• When building a deep garage, waterproofing is considered the biggest problem. It will require the arrangement of the drainage system of the garage roof and reinforced waterproofing of all supporting structures.
• The garage roof frame must be made using concrete slabs with a mandatory support system.
• The room should have an emergency exit in case of a house collapse or fire.
• After choosing a garage design, you should decide on the material and find good suppliers of all the necessary attributes for the construction site.

Materials

The market offers a huge range of quality materials that will last a long time. Each has its own pros and cons, you should remember this and choose an option that will be comfortable to work with.

Polycarbonate is lightweight and cheap, but should only be used in a small garage. For example, for a shell.

If the owner prefers metal, then you can opt for sandwich panels or corrugated board.The cross-section of the sandwich panels resembles a sandwich: between two metal sheets there is a heater. Construction is carried out in a very short time, and the structure is lightweight and amenable to any modernization. Their price is very low, and installation can be carried out at any time of the year. But such a material is short-lived, the metal frame requires processing from rust, and the wooden base must be treated with antiseptic agents.

Decking is cheap, high quality and beautiful material... Corrugated garages are built pretty quickly. You should pay attention to the brand: it is better to choose S-20 or PS with a thickness of 0.5 mm. In no case should you take grades -8, these sheets will not last long due to poor wind resistance and low frost resistance.

A red brick structure will be much more reliable than metal.Such material has high frost resistance, low thermal conductivity. In terms of aesthetics, brickwork looks pretty decent, but the material is expensive.

The foam block is cheap and lightweight, so one person can build from it. The only catch is that the gray blocks are not very attractive in appearance. This problem can be solved with finishing materials.

Gas silicate blocks are gaining popularity.Despite their low weight, they have high strength and are easy to process. Also, the blocks have low thermal conductivity, do not require additional treatment with antiseptics. With such a material, you can not be afraid of the appearance of mold, bacteria and fungus.

In terms of environmental characteristics, gas silicate blocks are on a par with natural materials.

The disadvantage of gas silicate blocks is high water absorption. Plaster on walls can crack and flake off. This problem can be solved by treating the walls with penetrating primers. Since blocks are a weak basis for fasteners, it will be problematic to secure massive objects. They are not highly frost-resistant. The material has high indicators of free lime, which makes it possible to activate the corrosion processes of metal inclusions: reinforcement, pipeline, frame and others.

Another artificial, but environmentally friendly material is cinder block. You can buy it or make it yourself. For the second, a vibrating machine is required. When buying, you should pay attention to the filler. It is better to choose crushed stone, sawdust, shell rock, expanded clay. A garage made of cinder blocks is not afraid of natural disasters, it has a high fire safety, and is easily repaired. With this material, you can vary the thickness of the walls. In addition, it is not biodegradable, its price is quite low, and its service life is about 100 years. Reduces the dignity of the cinder block unpresentable appearance, complex laying of pipes and cables, high thermal conductivity.

Arbolite has been known since Soviet times. It is lightweight and has low thermal conductivity. It is a flame retardant material, tensile resistant. He is not afraid of cracks and deformations during the movement of the foundation. It is immune to rot and mildew. The material is distinguished by high frost resistance. It is also easy to fix various structures on it. Such a garage will have good sound absorption. Of the minuses - a high coefficient of water absorption - from 40 to 85%, and a rather high price.

An expanded clay block will be an assistant in the embodiment of bold design and architectural ideas.Almost all types of finishes, both internal and external, are suitable for it. The material has low thermal conductivity, it is strong and durable, with high sound insulation. The vapor permeability of the blocks creates a favorable microclimate inside the room. The garage construction process will advance rapidly due to large sizes block. And simple production contributes to an affordable price.

The disadvantage of expanded clay blocks is the formation of cold bridges, but with the help of cladding and additional thermal insulation, the problem can be solved. The material has low water resistance, is quite heavy and requires a strong foundation, but this building material cannot be used as a foundation.

A more natural material is wood. The material is inexpensive, beautiful and allows you to perform bold design solutions... With the help of various impregnations, fire resistance can be achieved. Minus - short service life and high thermal conductivity.

Railway sleepers are wooden beams. A special blend that works as an antiseptic helps protect your garage from rot, bacteria, sun, moisture and small rodents. You can buy sleepers at the nearest railway department, where track repairs are performed. A garage made from this material will be dry and warm, capable of withstanding even an earthquake. But you should never build a garage with new sleepers. The smell of creosote is very dangerous, it can cause chemical burns and poisoning. The period of their use in air should be 12-30 years, during this period the mixture is washed off and loses an unpleasant odor.

The methods of making and processing sleepers are different, some products are soaked through and through, while others are 2.75 centimeters. Better to use the latter option. Such a construction requires careful processing inside, which reduces the risk of contact with creosote residues. Outside, a well-ventilated facade must be made.

Many building materials do not have high frost resistance, therefore, the garage must be insulated. The cheapest insulation is polystyrene. It is very easy to install. But you need to remember that this is a fragile material that wears out quickly.

Another cheap insulation - mineral wool... It is safe for health, has high thermal insulation and a high level of sound absorption. Such material must be covered with an additional layer of vapor barrier.

More serious insulation is reflective insulation.The material consists of a layer of heat insulator, covered with a metallized film on top. Among the advantages are low thermal conductivity, excellent sound insulation, light weight, and resistance to moisture. Such material is easy to install. The disadvantage is that the material is used not so long ago and all its properties have not been studied. It is only known that this insulation is corrosive.

Basalt cardboard is a durable material that is distinguished by a high degree of resistance to temperature extremes, deformation and moisture. The material has low heat capacity and good sound absorption, is not afraid of fire. It is not cheap, but it is very high quality and will last for many years.

Additionally, insulating paint and "warm" plaster will help to insulate the garage.

Finishing outside the building must combine resistance to external environmental influences and have a presentable appearance. Modern market offers a wide range of options to meet these conditions. The simplest and cheapest methods are joining, plastering, siding. More expensive methods are wooden lining, natural or artificial stones.

If the garage is two-story, the space between the first and second floors is covered with a precast concrete slab. It is advisable to do this with a hollow core slab, because it is easier to install and low in price.

Roof covering materials can be divided into two groups: soft and hard.The former are suitable for a flat roof, and the latter for a gable roof.

Soft include:

• Flexible shingles. The material lasts up to 55 years, is resistant to corrosion and decay and can be of any color. It is better not to use the material in the northern regions - under the influence of frost, it becomes fragile.
• Roofing material. Service life is about 15 years. The material is cheap, frost and sun resistant.

• The self-leveling roof serves for 22 years, can be easily and quickly installed, can be repaired. The application surface must be perfectly smooth.
• The build-up roll roofing (waterproofing, glassy insulation) has been in operation for about 50 years. The material is durable, does not burn, it has good sound insulation, and is immune to temperature extremes. The only negative is the high price.

The tough ones include:

• Reinforced concrete slab - has a long service life, is also suitable for flat roofs, withstands a lot of weight. You can even set up a garden on such a roof.
• Flat slate - easy to install, inexpensive, does not lose its qualities in any climatic conditions. It is very easy to fix it.

• Polycarbonate - lasts about 25 years, does not burn and does not react with solvents, is low in price. Such material is easy to install, resistant to temperature extremes, but under their influence it can slightly change its shape.
• Seam roofing - does not require a strong frame, is durable, resistant to mechanical damage and temperature extremes. Cons of the material - high price, difficult installation, low sound absorption.

• SIP-3 is used for overhead lines power transmission lines;
• SIP-4 is resistant to ultraviolet rays;
• SIP-5 is suitable for temperate and cold climates, resistant to high temperatures.

For the storage and safe movement of building materials, wooden pallets are required. A white acacia, birch, or boxwood pallet is a good choice.

To save money, you can buy a used pallet, the main thing is good quality.

Construction process: basic stages

After creating a drawing, choosing building materials and drawing up step-by-step instructions, you can start building.

"Pencil case" and "shell" do not require a solid foundation. First you need to make several separate sections and then assemble them.

Assembly steps:

• you need to drill technological holes in the structure;
• cover the finished elements with an anti-corrosion agent and paint them;
• assemble the segments into a common structure and fix;
• protect and paint all welding defects.

The garage can be supplied with electricity. For this, a lamp and two sockets are installed, then the wires are passed through the corrugation. For work are taken copper wires double insulated.

Building a more complex structure begins with a solid foundation.For a garage, options such as monolithic slab, pile material, tape shallow or buried foundation. If a pit or cellar is planned, then the best choice - recessed tape. A garage with a high-quality foundation will last a long time and will not cause problems, so more attention should be paid to this stage.

Separately, it is worth considering the construction of the pit. The size depends on the vehicle itself. For a passenger car, a width of about 70 cm is suitable, for a truck you need to standard size add 20-25 cm. The height depends on the height of the owner of the garage, but, in any case, it is better to make the garage a little deeper.

An important element is the base; its height ranges from 0.5 to 2 meters.There are two types of base: protruding and sinking. The first option is more elegant, but it will require the construction of an additional ebb along the protruding upper edge - this prevents moisture from entering. The second option is more practical and the building receives maximum protection from moisture.

When erecting walls, two methods are used, it all depends on the chosen material. The first way is building in blocks. With it, the garage will not need to be heavily insulated, but additional finishing on the outside will be needed. The second way is wireframe. The frame is made of a metal profile pipe or a wooden bar. The advantage of this method is the rapid construction of the premises.

The next step is to prepare the gate for installation. First you need to make measurements. You need to measure the opening, paying attention to the distance from the right edge to the left. It is also necessary to measure the height of the lintel.

Exists different kinds garage doors: simple swing, sectional, automatic or manual. Most car owners prefer sectional ones. Such products are very comfortable, occupy less space, sealed and sturdy. But they are expensive and complex.

Before equipping the gate, you need to carefully read the instructions and properly prepare the opening. If the material is light, the opening is reinforced with a special metal frame... For a brick garage, such a frame is not required.

The room needs to be emptied, this will help to cope with the assembly and installation of the gate much faster and easier.

The next stage depends on the number of floors: if the garage is two-story, then it is necessary to overlap between the first and second floors with a slab of concrete goods and re-erect the walls.

When building a roof, you need to be careful and follow safety precautions. The easiest way - flat roof with a slight slope, about 15 cm. So it is better for precipitation to descend and drain. The only drawback of such a roof is the lack of an attic.