Do-it-yourself windows in the attic roof. Skylights: types and installation features. Why vertical windows are made using a different technology

Even a novice builder can master the technology of installing roof windows, it is only important to adhere to the instructions provided by the manufacturers for each model and some advice from experienced craftsmen.

What requirements should the windows of the attic room meet

When correct styling complex roofing cake inside the attic will retain heat, and high-quality ventilation will prevent condensation and ensure long-term operation of the structure. The windows of such a room should have similar properties, without causing difficulties with opening and closing. When installing, remember about the constant negative impact on the system from atmospheric factors. To ensure stability, the windows are equipped with the following elements:

• tempered glass structures;
• a surface that guarantees maximum distribution of the incoming luminous flux;
• sealed sealing strips;
• frame made of high-strength material that is resistant to moisture and ultraviolet radiation;
• canvases that allow shading the room, guaranteeing all-season ventilation and protection from small dust particles and insects.

A house with an attic can have a different arrangement of windows

The possibility of easy maintenance and operation of window blocks, the absence of fogged and damp structures is considered important. To achieve a flawless result, you should strictly adhere to the stages of the technological process.

The originally designed window significantly decorates the attic room

Correct installation of a roof window involves the installation of several structures (listed as they are fastened in the opening):

1. Internal slopes - the upper one will be located in parallel with the floor, and the lower one will be perpendicular to the surface.
2. Indoor adjustable curtains or blinds.
3. Waterproofing layer.
4. Window - frame and glass unit with high-strength glass and inert gas interlayer.
5. Salary is a design that prevents the impact of climatic factors on the window system. The height of the system depends on how high the roofing material is installed.
6. External shading device in the form of roller shutters or awning.

Using traditional curtains to shade a room is not always possible in the attic due to the installation of windows at an angle. The option of installing special devices is considered more practical: blinds, roller shutters, roller blinds.

Features of the construction of roof windows

The choice in favor of inclined window openings is due to a number of positive characteristics:

1. High light transmission. When comparing the level of penetration of sunlight into a room with traditional vertical structures and with mansard window openings, in the second case, an increase in throughput of up to 40% is revealed. Installation of roof windows is possible in any part of the roof.
2. Expansion of the usable area. Installation of attic systems is carried out without the participation of the surface of the walls, near which in the future it will be possible to put furniture or other interior items.
3. Ease of installation. It is much easier to work with the attic structure than with a traditional window frame, since in the first case, the manufacture and assembly of parts is carried out in specialized factories, the master will only have to choose the location of the window, its dimensions, and install the finished product.
4. The cost-effectiveness of arranging the roofing space. The consumption of materials for the creation of dormer windows is much higher than the installation of an attic window opening, which is due to the need to lay additional roofing material, a layer of heat and waterproofing in the first case.

In short, the listed points prove the significant advantage of roof systems among traditional models available on the market.

The roof window can be equipped with a balcony

Window size and number for indoor installation

Before deciding on the number of window blocks, you should have an idea of \u200b\u200bthe room where they are planned to be installed. It is important that at least 10% of the entire area is lit, but living rooms, studios, nurseries and other rooms need 15-20% of natural light. For example, in the attic with a total area of \u200b\u200b20 m 2, to create a comfortable atmosphere, it is recommended to put 3 windows 80 × 140 cm or 2 window blocks 115 × 120 cm. It is also allowed to increase the number of windows for a more effective interior.

Roof windows have a special design

As for the relative size of the double-glazed windows, the attic structures are offered in standard parameters, and this is also important during construction. The following criteria will help to determine the required window sizes:

1. On roofs with a gentle slope, the windows should be high (elongated in length).
2. In the presence of a finished roof, the width of the window opening is determined based on the gap between the rafter legs, while the window should be 5–6 cm narrower. If the roof is being laid, the rafters can be installed taking into account the desired window width.
3. The choice of the size of the roof window should be carried out taking into account the recommended construction height - its lower edge should be at least 1 m from the floor surface.

There are different designs of roof windows

Varieties of attic window blocks

For the manufacture of windows in the attic in the same way as in the production of traditional models they use various materials, therefore, it is possible to choose wooden, metal and plastic products to your taste. Each of them has its own positive and negative characteristics.

Characteristics of aluminum roof windows

The assembly of structures is carried out on the basis of aluminum profiles, which endow the products with long-term operation, ease of repair, as well as resistance to corrosion changes and deformations.

Such a window will stand for more than half a century, without the need for special care, while flawlessly protecting against negative atmospheric influences. The peculiarity of the material is that only the largest window frames can be made from it.

Aluminum skylights can be warm or cold

Aluminum roof windows are:

1. Cold - used for glazing balcony blocks, non-residential premises.
2. Warm - suitable for installation in the attic of houses, in summer cottages.

As part of the profiles of warm structures, there are three parts with a thermally insulating polyamide insert between the profiles. The main function of such a thermal bridge or thermal break is to prevent warm air from escaping and cold air from entering. To achieve high quality, the filling between the thermostats of extruded polystyrene or polyurethane foam helps; the space from the glass unit to the frame or sash is foamed with a seal.

An aluminum window system is assembled from several parts, which includes:

• profile frame;
• set of flaps;
• impost;
• shtulpa;
• glazing bead.

The way of opening such a window can be chosen by the master and is implemented without additional spare parts.

The roof window can open in different ways

Get an answer to the question of why the demand for aluminum windows much higher, you can, based on their technical characteristics:

• no problems arise during operation;
• unpretentious in care;
• are made at the request of the customer in any size and with a suitable opening mechanism;
• offered in a wide range of colors according to the RAL scale;
• do not respond to different temperatures, cope with their tasks for many years;
• have protection from acid precipitation and UV rays.

The versatility of wooden roof windows

During the construction of the roof, the frame is laid from wooden beams, and the crate is made of boards, so it is advisable to make dormers from a similar material. Due to the similar reaction of wooden products when exposed to climatic conditions or loads, the expansion of the structure of the material occurs evenly over all roof structures, including windows.

With a high density of glued timber, sufficient flexibility is observed in the event of any movement, which significantly reduces the number of necessary fasteners. The advantage of wood is the ability to manufacture any decorative elements - arched transoms, balcony windows.

Wooden blocks can have different shapes

Inside the building, roof windows are protected from moisture, and outside they are sheathed with special overlays, which allows them to extend their service life. For prophylaxis, it will be enough to paint the frames with water-based varnish every 2-3 years.

Perfect moisture resistance of plastic products

In wet areas, such as a bathroom or kitchen, the best option would be to install plastic windows. Such products, unlike ordinary wooden frames, do not need special care (it is enough to wipe with a damp cloth) and do not corrode as a result of exposure to water, dirt, wind.

Currently, moisture-resistant roof windows are very popular due to their resistance to aggressive environments, without them it is impossible to imagine the functioning of swimming pools, saunas, greenhouses, greenhouses. The only factor that should be taken into account when choosing a plastic frame is the angle of inclination of the roof slope - within 15–90 degrees.

The plastic window can also be used in the bathroom

Any window, regardless of the material used in the base and the design features, provides for the possibility of ventilating the room. So, all models of roof windows are equipped with special valves that will help take care of ventilation in a timely manner.

Which manufacturers supply roof window systems

Among the available variety in the construction market, the leading positions are taken by models from reputable manufacturers.

Wooden windows from the Danish company Velux

Glued laminated timber made of northern pine wood, processed according to a special technology, followed by impregnation with an antiseptic agent and a multi-layer varnish coating provides high environmental friendliness of Velux roof windows. These products will serve for many years without succumbing to negative climatic and other stresses.

The design of the glass unit with rounded corners of the glass along the perimeter of the frame prevents the accumulation of condensation, and perfect heat saving is ensured thanks to a chamber layer of inert gas.

The listed factors provide roof windows with good thermal insulation properties. During experimental tests, Velux windows were exposed to low temperatures (down to -55 degrees), which they coped with excellently.

Velux manufactures high quality wooden roof windows

A special ventilation valve of the window frame allows you to ventilate the room when the window is closed, regardless of weather conditions. The sash can be opened using the supplied handle or by activating the slot ventilation mechanism. The uniqueness of the ventilation devices of all Velux window models lies in the presence of a special filter that reliably protects the room from dust particles and annoying insects, and in case of contamination it can be easily washed.

This manufacturer pays great attention to ventilation systems, therefore all its products are equipped with modern devices to perform this function. Velux roof windows differ from similar products in powerful insulation due to a two- or three-level sealant (thickness is determined by a feature of the model range), as well as the possibility of additional arrangement of a layer of insulation.

The manufacturer, in addition to high-quality technical indicators, endows the products with a unique design. Modern products can be freely combined with the attic rooms of any interior. For example, there are windows that are streamlined, with smoothed corners and an ergonomic appearance.

Video: installing the Velux window block on the crate

Window blocks of the German company Fakro

The production of Fakro roof windows is carried out according to standard dimensions, therefore, when choosing a product, one should take into account the architecture of an existing structure. To provide sufficient visibility, taller windows are installed on shallow roofs than in the case of a lower roof slope. The width of the window block is determined based on the distance between the rafters of the structure.

Fakro - German quality at an affordable price

You can pick up Farko windows of any price category, but then the main material of the product also varies - the windows can be wooden, aluminum or plastic. The most budget option is a window with a PVC profile. Despite the minimum purchase cost, such double-glazed windows will last about 40-50 years without losing their performance, without undergoing corrosive changes and decay. The next in the price category is the aluminum construction, which has undergone significant changes thanks to modern technologies. Currently, the impeccable thermal insulation of the blocks allows them to be used in housing construction.

Roto plastic moisture resistant windows

Long production time and high quality products are the main criteria for the success of the German company Roto, which supplies durable plastic windows for the attic. In addition to the main tasks (maximum transmission of sunlight and an overview of the external environment), the profiles are perfect for any interior design. The unique fittings of the models allow you to adjust the sash inside the box even after the installation of all window components has been completed. So, the rubber seals will be fully pressed, which is the key to reliable window sealing.

When it comes to choosing window units for installation in wet rooms, Roto products are out of competition, since plastic profiles are able to function fully even under constant exposure to moisture. It is a pleasure to take care of the windows, carrying out periodically wet cleaning with a regular rag. The frames retain their original color after many years of use, so there is no need for constant touch-up and processing special formulations.

Roto roof windows have a special closing mechanism

The absence of the need for constant maintenance makes plastic windows very convenient for installation in an office, clinic, hospital and other institutions with a limited staff of cleaning staff. There is a great demand for double-glazed windows with three to four chambers, which make it possible to achieve high-quality heat retention.

Roto windows guarantee safe use in everyday life: since they are mounted at a certain distance from the floor, you can look out of them without any special manipulations, for example, emerging under the transom. Additional measure a precaution is the high position of the axis of rotation of the window mechanism, which protects households from the danger of hitting the profile. It is very convenient that furniture and other interior elements can be placed near the window block itself, so an increase in the volume of the usable area is achieved.

The advantage of the windows of the German manufacturer is a reliable security system, which is important when installing blocks in offices, offices for various purposes. Protection is provided by a locking mechanism based on a four-point touch device, equipped with an additional anti-burglar glass unit. The manufacturer managed to prevent the formation of cold bridges thanks to a special aluminum structure and sealed rubber gaskets - this is how warm air is stored in the inner chamber space.

If necessary, replacing the glass unit of Roto roof windows is quite simple due to the rubber pads, the main function of which is to prevent the formation of condensation, which is a problem for many analogs of these products.

Video: Installation of Roto roof windows

The choice of installation technology for roof windows, depending on the roof structure

The task of window blocks in the attic system is to ensure maximum permeability of natural light inside the room, its timely ventilation and the creation of a comfortable environment for people to stay. Errors during the arrangement of double-glazed windows are fraught with a violation of the technology and then the formation of leaks is inevitable, the gradual depressurization of the heat-insulating block, as well as the entire roof structure... To avoid unpleasant consequences, you should strictly follow the instructions when installing windows, depending on the characteristics of the roof.

The roof window can be installed in a finished roof from any material

How to install an attic window block with a finished roof

If the installation of the roof is at the final stage or the system has been ready for a long time, then you can put the roof windows, relying on the advice of experienced craftsmen.

1. Taking into account the characteristics of the roofing. If the roof is covered with metal tiles, then the place for the window frame should be chosen so that the block is located above the whole sheet of roofing material, and not above the cut one. In the presence of profiled materials, the installation of windows is carried out with an indentation of the distance recommended by the manufacturer from the upper edge of the roof structure. In the case of working with a covering with a profile height of 45 mm or more, riveting of the material is required, the row of which is located above the window. The distance from the roofing to the window block is considered important. So, the upper gap varies within 6–15 cm, the side ones - 3–6 cm. If a flat covering is laid on the roof, then the indent is set aside no more than 4 cm. concerns a high profile, the required gap is 12 cm.
2. Rafter system roofs. The rafter system, like the roofing cake, must meet high requirements. The ideal inter-rafter distance is when it fits freely into it window block and still in width remains at an allowance of 3–5 cm. If the specified requirements do not meet, installation of additional support systems is required.

Roof windows are installed according to the instructions below:

1. First, the opening is prepared. For this, measurements are made of the distance between the rafter legs, where the installation of the window is planned. If there is a permissible width, a special opening is made, and for fastening, appropriate fasteners and other elements are selected for the material of the window to be mounted.

   
   First you need to prepare the opening for the window

2. Next, the window is installed, for this the cavity between the rafter system and window profile filled with a layer of insulation. Initially, the entire unit is installed in the assembly, after which the glass unit is removed to secure the frame.

   
   After carefully preparing the opening, you can start installing the glass unit

3. At the next stage, a waterproofing contour is carried out. It is placed on a window frame and fixed to the lathing with a construction stapler. To prevent moisture from entering the window surface, it is necessary to make a drainage gutter, which is installed no higher than 50 cm above the window.
4. Then they put a salary consisting of several elements. In order to correctly lay out the entire structure, it is important to follow the sequence of fastening each part of it. You can do the work based on the manufacturer's instructions. For ease of assembly, many manufacturers numbered all parts, which greatly simplifies the task even for novice craftsmen.

   
   Installation of a roof window can be carried out on a batten or rafter

5. The connecting element of the vapor barrier layer of the attic and the window frame is a vapor barrier circuit. Installation is carried out by laying a special tape that glues the vapor barrier of the window to the vapor barrier of the house. It is possible to provide similar actions with the help of a clamping bar, but then the insulation is laid with an overlap.
6. The final stage is the installation of slopes. The roof windows are completely ready, it remains only to adjust the internal structure in size. To properly fix the horizontal slope at the top and vertical at the bottom, holes are drilled according to the previously applied markings.

   Finish the work with finishing with roofing material

Video: installing a skylight into a finished roof

Installation of roof windows overlooking the roof surface

Any roof during operation needs maintenance and repair, therefore, when drawing up a project, one should take into account the possibility of people going to the roof and performing work. In the case of a one-story building with a gable roof structure, it will be enough to substitute a ladder against the wall of the house and climb along it. More sophisticated roof systems such as sloping roofs or attic floors are equipped with additional windows and large glazed areas. Here you will have to pay attention to the creation of drawings and the features of the installation of blocks.

It will be much easier to climb to the roof with an equipped sunroof. Thanks to this device, you can freely move around the roof, for example, to inspect or replace the coating, while inside the room there will be a source of natural light.

The roof window can be in the form of a hatch

In order for the structure to turn out not only functional, but also reliable, stable, it is important to adhere to the following requirements during its construction:

Fulfillment of all of the above criteria increases the likelihood of obtaining a convenient device for accessing the roof and its full service throughout the entire period of operation. In addition, by opening the hatch window, it is easy to ventilate the room without much effort.

Detailed instructions for creating a frame for a skylight with your own hands:

Having an idea of \u200b\u200bthe above-described features of the skylight installation technology, even a novice master can do the job. Despite the variety of possible designs, information about the general rules will be enough to do everything yourself, without making gross mistakes. Even if the installation is entrusted to the construction company, the customer will be able to competently control all the work carried out.

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Windows on the attic floor can be very diverse. If earlier the attic was perceived as a kind of addition to the general space, and if there were windows on it, then they were not the most complicated, now the status of the attic floor has changed significantly. Housing with such a floor began to be considered elite, and the windows for it are offered quite complex, functional and beautiful.

What is an attic floor?

The attic, in fact, is not a full-fledged floor: it is the attic space, which is used as a living or technical room. Thus, from empty space, you can get a useful area if you refine it, properly insulate it, etc.

Most often, such floors are used as bedrooms, lounges, guest rooms. Less often they are adapted for workshops, storerooms. The attic floor can be in the form of an ordinary room, and several walls can also be at an angle. It is possible, however, not to stand in full growth on such a floor in all parts of the room. From the attic floor, you can make one large or several small rooms suitable for living. The disadvantages of this structure include the lack of natural light. Most often, windows in such structures are not planned, so you have to look for a solution after the construction of the house is over.

Installing a window into a slot cut in the roof

What are attic windows for?

Without natural light, an attic cannot be considered an attic floor. To use a room as a living room, windows are needed in the attic, the options of which can be quite diverse, ranging from inclined structures that are installed directly into the roofing material, and ending with display cases, which occupy spaces from ceiling to floor. The main task of window structures is:

• Creation of the required lighting of the room.
• Blocking warm air inside and isolating cold air from outside.
• Giving the desired appearance to the room, because the design is significantly influenced by the appearance of the window.

Where is the best place to install the window, and which one?

The design of rooms with can be the most diverse, from a simple room, upholstered with clapboard, to a complex structure, striking in comfort and splendor. Much also depends on what type of windows will be chosen: they should not only isolate heat and create the necessary illumination, but also fit into the interior in a single style.

It must correspond to the dimensions of the room, the calculation of the dimensions takes place taking into account the illumination that the structure will give. If the windows are installed between the rafters, their size is usually standard, but if the attic space is large, several structures are selected so that the lighting is uniform. The windows must match the width that allows them to be placed between the rafters, otherwise the roof will have to be remodeled, and this is expensive and unjustified.

Vertical windows in the attic

In addition, you will need to take into account the slope and height of the roof slopes: if you plan to equip a recreation room, study or nursery, it is better to give preference to large windows. The bedroom requires less light, so the size of the window may be smaller. There are three standard sizes:

• 78x140;
• 78x118;
• 78x160.

If larger windows are required, you can also order standard designs 94x140, 114x118 or 114x140 cm. Less often you come across very small windows, the size of which is 55 or 66 cm; pay attention to the fact that buying a standard window is much more profitable, since it will cost several times cheaper than a custom-made window.

Help diagram for window selection from roof pitch angle

Which windows to give preference to?

Choosing to the attic floor , it is important to take into account not only their appearance, shape and size, but also pay attention to such factors:

• Protection from moisture and precipitation.
• What the frames are made of.
• How the window opens.
• What kind of glass unit is used.

Windows can seriously differ structurally, the most important role is played by a double-glazed unit: the thicker it is, the heavier the window will be, which is not very good for the attic floor, therefore, it is often used equipped with a heat-saving system and filled with argon. This allows you to reduce weight to a minimum, reducing the load on the structure and fittings, while reliably protecting the room from freezing.

It will not be superfluous to use the triplex technology: thanks to which the glass is glued, if you break such a window, there will be no fragments in the room, and it is quite easy to replace the glass unit. In addition, you need to pay attention to where the window handle... If it is too high and it is inconvenient to get it, you can equip the window with various drives that will help you either lower the handle below or control the structure using the remote control.

Remote window control

What other windows are there?

There are not only sloped structures that need to be mounted directly into the roof. Some projects have a perfectly suitable design in order to build on the attic floor. Most often, such a solution is laid even during the construction of a house, otherwise then the entire floor will have to be redone. Such windows are an excellent design solution, they give a lot of light, and if you have a good view from the house, you can admire them while relaxing or before going to bed. It should be noted that such windows have a number of features:

• The complexity of the structure and its large dimensions, therefore, the price for such a solution will be significantly higher than for windows mounted in the roof.
• Heating devices cannot be placed on the wall directly under the window. We'll have to remove them to another wall or install them in front of the window using special fasteners screwed to the floor.
• The use of curtains also causes difficulties; a special frame is required to be attached to the ceiling.
• Such windows have a large area, so it is quite difficult to keep warm in the room.
• A warm structure will be heavy.
• It is necessary to calculate that such windows will be even when planning a house. It is usually impossible to install them after completion of construction, or you have to dismantle the entire floor.
• Lighting with the help of such windows will be the most correct and natural, however, they give a lot of light, therefore, if you want to equip a bedroom on the attic floor, it is better to think in advance that the windows do not face east. If the structure will face south, be prepared for the fact that in the summer it will be quite hot in the room, although the problem can be solved with tinted film.
• You cannot use more than one. In addition, the wall containing the floor-to-ceiling window should not be load-bearing.
• The structure should not be pressed by the large weight of beams and partitions.
• Cleaning such a window is quite problematic.

Is it possible to install it yourself?

Most often, when buying a skylight, the owner wonders how to spend less money. You shouldn't skimp on quality, buy cheap fittings or low-quality double-glazed windows. These savings will ultimately cost you more than the original purchase. good window... The easiest way to save money is to install the structure yourself.

To do this, you need to clearly know. In fact, it is not difficult, you just need to strictly follow the instructions; it is recommended to get an assistant, since any installation is much more convenient to carry out together. The easiest way is to use a euro window: it is inexpensive, relatively easy to install, meets all the requirements for illumination, safety and convenience. Such a window can be installed at any stage of home readiness; it is not necessary to lay down their layout right away.

Attic window installation sequence

If it is planned that it will protrude on the roof, then it must be laid during the installation of the roof, since a special box is required for it. This usually requires a flat gable roof: it is easiest to do the necessary preparatory work on it. To do this, mount the side walls, nail boards to them, cover the structure with roofing material. Such a ledge is sometimes called a cuckoo.

When using a standard inner window, it is installed between the roof beams. They are fixed by the rafter system, a support board is installed for the window, which is attached between the rafters, after which the window frame is attached to it. To prevent the frame from falling out, a fixing bar is placed in its upper part. The sides of the window and the drain must be insulated with a roofing material similar to the roof covering.

The sequence of actions during work should be as follows:

• An opening for a window is cut out in the roof, corresponding in size. The rafter system should not be affected.
• For the window frame, a frame is mounted, special support lags are installed.
• Laying waterproofing and insulation.
• Cover the sides with roofing material.
• A window is inserted.

Before starting work, it is necessary to strengthen the roof structure well, mount a reliable frame into which the window frame will be inserted, you can strengthen the structure using adjacent rafters. Jumpers are attached to them, to which beams are attached to fasten the window. The block is installed without glass, it is inserted later. The frame must be above the level of the roof, otherwise water will not leave it.

Selecting and installing a window is not the most difficult thing, there are a large number design solutionsthat can be brought to life by developing a house plan. If it is already built, you can use convenient standard solutions.

The presence of the attic floor provides an opportunity to make maximum use of the entire area available in a residential building. To provide the necessary degree of illumination in the under-roof space, windows are installed in the slopes, which at the same time contribute to ventilation.

An attic with window openings looks much more attractive and aesthetically pleasing than without them. You can mount a window in the attic roof with your own hands, but the process is not easy and has many nuances. The tightness of the entire roof structure depends on the correct installation.

Therefore, in the absence of relevant experience, it is advisable to contact specialists, then it will be possible to avoid troubles in the form of leaks or penetration of cold. If you do not want to attract professionals, you must strictly adhere to the recommendations that are spelled out in the instructions of the manufacturers of such windows.

Types of windows for attics

In the attic floor, homeowners install various types of window products. For example, windows can be vertical, differing little from standard products used for front glazing.

They are placed either in the gables of the building, or in the slope of the roof in a structure called the "house" or "birdhouse". They look attractive and adorn the appearance of the building, but little light penetrates through them.

Inclined windows for attics are placed flush with the roof slope, they let in the sun's rays more by about 30 - 40% and differ in their design device, material of manufacture and method of opening. For the production of window products for attic rooms, aluminum, high quality wood, or a profile of polyvinyl chloride are used.

The classification based on differences in the construction of the roof window is as follows:

1. Products that have a square or rectangular shape. They are installed more often than all other windows. They consist of a frame and a sash, and can also be a blind glass unit.
2. Balcony products. This design includes an inclined frame in the roof slope and a vertical window under it, less often on the side. Both parts open, with an inclined upward, and vertical - to the side or down. Such a device allows you to equip an exit to the balcony.
3. Bottom element located under the tilted window. This is a blind window under the swing-open sash. This type of construction is used in cases where the height of the slope is not enough to accommodate two windows.
4. Top element. This is a decorative window product located above a tilted window. It is made either triangular or round.
5. Cornice window constructions. They are preferred to be installed when there is a high wall in the attic that does not allow looking out into the street. Then a window is mounted under it, opening vertically.
6. Light tunnel. It is equipped in a place of the slope that does not have direct contact with the room. A reflective tunnel, usually in the form of a pipe, is directed from the window, which leads to a place requiring lighting - a shade is mounted there that can diffuse light.

All windows for attics, regardless of their type, are made at factories equipped with special equipment and subjected to strength tests. They cost a lot, but experts do not advise thinking about how to make a dormer window with your own hands, since it cannot guarantee tightness and a comfortable stay in the house.

By the way of opening, such products are of several types:

1. With a central swing axis. They can be turned 180 degrees and this circumstance allows you to wash glass from the street without a problem.
2. With raised pivot axle. It is located at a distance of about 2/3 from the lower edge of the window opening.
3. With combined axle. The window has a top and a center axis. One of them provides the ability to open it to an angle of 45 degrees, and the second - to scroll completely.
4. With lateral swivel axle. Such windows open as standard. They are called "mansard hatches", as they are used to access the roof surface.
5. With lower pivot axis. With her, only sashes for balcony windows are produced. They can only be opened forward.
6. With remote control - remote control. In attic rooms with high ceilings, when it is not possible to open the window manually, they use a remote control that operates from the electrical network. In this case, a power supply line is specially brought to the place of its installation.

When choosing such a window, you need to consider:

• structural features of the roof;
• how convenient it will be to use it;
• area and parameters of the room.

The location of the window installation, as well as the view from it, may depend on the height of the attic floor and the slope of the slope.

Construction of roof windows

Window products for attic living quarters have a complex structural arrangement. For the reliability of the windows, heavy-duty glass is installed in them, which are able to withstand increased pressure.

They consist of a frame, doors, pivot fittings. A glass unit filled with inert gas is inserted into the sash.

The kit also includes:

• 2 aprons - waterproof and vapor barrier;
• drainage gutter;
• insulation;
• protective frame;
• internal slopes.

The cost of installing a roof window depends on the planned scope of work and on the list of various elements available in the kit.

Self-installation of the attic window

Once again, it should be noted that you need to order such a service from certified craftsmen who know how to make a skylight on the roof in full accordance with the technology.

The cost of arranging a window structure depends on whether the roof finish has been laid or the construction is not yet completed. The price will be lower if the roof is covered and the interior work is not done.

Choice of window type and installation location

The parameters of the opening are selected taking into account the quadrature of the attic room and the gap between the rafters. It is desirable that the window is located between the rafters.

According to the accepted rules, the size of such a window should be at least 10% of the area of \u200b\u200bthe room. Its width must be made 4–6 centimeters less than the gap between the rafters. When it is too small, for example, 60 centimeters, you can mount two windows side by side, placing them in adjacent sections.

The installation height is affected by the angle of inclination of the ramp and the location of the handle on the window. On steep roofs, it is advisable to place a window opening at the bottom, and on gentle ones - at the top. For a window in this case, the optimal distance from the floor is approximately 80–130 centimeters. When the handle is at the top, the window structure is mounted at a height of 100 - 110, and if at the bottom - 120 - 130 centimeters.

In addition, the type of roof covering affects the window height. For example, when the installation is planned ceramic tiles, you need to remember that you cannot cut it. In this case, the window should be located above the tiles. If the products are sheet, you can cut holes in them in the right place. By the way, so that the window does not fog up, does not undergo icing, condensation does not collect on it, a heater is placed under it.

When the number of windows, their parameters and installation site have been selected, you need to correctly purchase a flashing for them. Window products from different manufacturers have their own characteristics and differences in equipment. Window accessories should be selected from a specific manufacturer from one product line, which can be seen from the markings on the products.

Preparing a place for a window

There is a certain order of how to make a skylight correctly. In the case when the roof is ready, and interior decoration absent, from inside the room on the waterproofing material mark the location of the opening. The distance from it to the elements of the rafter system should not exceed 2-3 centimeters.

The window in this situation is mounted on the rafters and the lower beam. Further, its lower location is outlined, for profiled materials 9 centimeters recede, and for flat materials - 4-6 centimeters. Then they mark the upper point of the window structure and lay 9-15 centimeters up.

Cutting out the waterproofing film, a 20-centimeter margin is left around the perimeter. The remains of the canvas are wrapped inside the attic, the roof covering is removed or a hole is cut out in it. The elements of the lathing are cut off, departing 2 centimeters from the rafters.

At the bottom of the window, a mounting bar is placed, having a thickness of at least 50 millimeters, at a distance of 8-10 centimeters from the lathing. It is mounted horizontally according to the level. The lower end of the waterproofing with a stapler is fixed to the bar, and the upper end to the crate. In this case, the side edges are taken out.

DIY roof frame installation

The kit for window products always contains instructions from the manufacturer on how to make a skylight. It is necessary to follow it, since the design of window products for attic and the methods of its installation are different.

For example, in some cases the brackets are rectangular and need to be fixed only on the rafters, while in others they are coal and attached to the lathing or to the rafters. But the main thing is that these products are fixed on the frame in different positions.

To make the sash easy to mount, it should be removed as described in the instructions. It is necessary to leave a bare frame, therefore, if there is a salary on the window, it is removed.

The lower brackets need to be fixed completely, and the upper ones not completely, since the frame will still have to be adjusted. The sash is returned to its place, covered and checked for distortions. Adjustment is carried out using the top mount. As a result, the window should stand absolutely level, and the sash should adjoin evenly on all sides. In the future, it will be impossible to eliminate the shortcomings.

After completing the adjustment, all fasteners must be tightened securely. Next, the side waterproofing is fixed to the window frame, the excess is cut off. Insulation is placed in the side openings.

Window waterproofing device

An insulating apron is included in the package. From above, above the window to be installed, on both sides, cut a piece of the crate, which is equal to the width of the drainage gutter, and in the middle of this place, cut the material for waterproofing. A gutter is wound under it and placed in the gap between the crate. As a result, water will begin to drain from the film into it, and not fall on the window.

Then the apron is unfolded and placed around the window so that it prevents leaks. It is attached to the frame, the upper crate, rafters and beams with a stapler, after which the edges are placed under the crate, while the upper part is laid under the gutter. The roofing material under the window can now be returned to its original location.

How to install a salary

They begin to mount it from the bottom up. First of all, the lower apron is installed, then the side parts and the upper edge, and finally the lining.

The installation of salaries from each of the manufacturers has features, so you must use the instructions. So, Roto products have a rubber seal on the frame, and the flashing is placed under it. Fakro window products do not have a sealing element, and the flashing is attached directly to the frame, and covered with additional parts from above.

All elements of the frame are joined, after which they are attached to the frame and crate. The lower apron is fixed to the roof covering from above. To install the material for roofing, a special element must be attached to the flashing. At the end of the work, the sash is hung and the protective coating is removed.

In order to seal the joints between the frame and the opening, do not use polyurethane foam, you must use only special sealants.

In a private house, every meter of usable area counts. The owners are thinking over how to rationally use free and utility rooms. A striking example of the transformation of a useless empty attic into a cozy living space is the arrangement of the attic. In the second half of the 17th century, the famous French architect François Mansart, after whom the attic was named, drew attention to the abandoned attic premises and suggested using them as living rooms for the poor.

Since then, the concept of using these areas has developed so that today the attic is a cozy, bright, warm and comfortable place for rest and life, equipped with all the necessary communications and beautifully decorated. If we carry out the necessary work on insulation, insulation and decoration, then the attic can act as a full-fledged residential floor, which will have bedrooms for residents, and bathrooms with toilets, dressing rooms. The most expensive real estate in multi-storey buildings is the luxuriously finished attic space - penthouses.

This solution gives the house a lot of advantages:

• increase in living and usable area;
• excellent overview of the site and surrounding landscapes;
• improving the design and appearance of the building;
• reduction of heat loss, heating costs.

When designing, one of the important tasks is the correct placement of skylights to ensure maximum daylight.

Features:

During the construction of the attic, it is necessary to strictly observe the current building codes and regulations. According to SNiPs, the glazing area should be at least 10% of the total footage of the illuminated room. It should also be noted that the sun turns during daylight hours and will shine through the windows for only a few hours. Each room must have at least one window.

Skylights are mounted directly into the roof slope, therefore, they differ significantly from the frontal ones both in technical characteristics and in design.

Mansard frames have the following advantages:

• A sloped window increases the penetration of daylight by 30-40% compared to a vertical glass unit, which saves energy and lighting costs.
• A specially designed system allows rooms to be ventilated and to ensure adequate ventilation and fresh air in any weather.
• Together with the light in the rooms, coziness is added, a comfortable and warm atmosphere of an inhabited house is created.
• The frames have increased heat and sound insulation, in closed form they are sealed.
• Frames do not rot, do not fade, do not require re-painting.

• Glass made of special triplex withstands high mechanical loads, when broken it does not spill out, but becomes covered with a network of cracks, remaining in the frame.
• Triplex has the ability to scatter light rays, which prevents fading of furniture and things and creates comfortable lighting for the eyes.
• If you have building skills and knowledge of technology, you can install windows on your own.

If there are no such skills, it is better to entrust the installation to experienced specialists in order to avoid mistakes and problems during use.

During the installation and operation of such double-glazed windows, disadvantages and difficulties may appear, which have the following solutions:

• In the warm season, in summer, the temperature rises above normal, it becomes very hot. This problem can be solved by installing a window on the north slope of the roof or by installing special reflective curtains or film, blinds. You can also increase the layer of thermal insulation and make a visor or overhang that shades the window.
• Leakage, leakage, condensation, ice formation. Buying uncertified or fake cheap double-glazed windows, installation errors, can lead to such problems. Frozen water creates an increased load on the frame seals; over time, deformation occurs in the seals and it becomes possible for moisture to seep into the room. The solution is strict adherence to technology and proper window care. It is recommended that the seals be cleaned and treated with a liquid silicone lubricant.
• High cost, which is twice the price of conventional metal-plastic windows. A more complex device, materials and accessories of increased strength increase the price of the product. Only major well-known brands guarantee proper quality and reliability in use.

The windows purchased with a guarantee will last a long time and will not cause trouble for the owners.

Types of structures

Skylights differ in material of manufacture and construction. There are blind closed double-glazed windows that can be made to order, or a standard version with opening doors. A double-glazed window consists of a double layer of triplex with a gap of a special film that prevents fragments from scattering around the room. The upper layer of the glass unit is made of tempered glass with a large margin of safety.

Double-glazed windows for regions differing in weather and temperature conditions are produced with different technical characteristics. For cold northern regions, it is preferable to choose a multilayer glass unit, into each chamber of which an inert gas is pumped to retain heat. For hot and sunny countries, it is recommended to buy double-glazed windows with reflective films, mirror and tinted coatings.

Frames are made of wood - they are made of laminated veneer lumber, impregnated with antiseptic compounds and varnished for outdoor use.

Wooden beams are coated with polyurethane for durability. Natural material fits perfectly into the interior of the country house and country house.

Frames with PVC plastic profiles are available. This plastic is lightweight and has fire-fighting characteristics, frost-resistant.

Aluminum metal profiles are widely used in public and office spaces.

armored frames are also used in attic structures - they are heavier and more durable than standard ones and withstand extreme mechanical and weather loads.

Opening mechanisms are available with manual or automated remote control.There are windows with an upper pivot axis, with a central one, with a raised axis. There are also two pivot axes on the frame, controlled by one handle. The opening takes place in two positions - tilt and swivel.

"Smart" windows are controlled using a remote control or a wall keyboard, to which blinds or roller shutters, roller shutters, curtains are also connected. It is possible to program it to close when it starts raining, then the window closes to the "airing" position. Automation for windows can be integrated into the “smart home” system, climate control system. With a critical increase in the temperature in the room, the doors will open with the help of an electric drive, and at the first drops of rain, a special sensor will give a command to close. The program manages the processes during the absence of residents of the house, maintaining the set values \u200b\u200bfor humidity and temperature.

Facade or cornice double-glazed windows are placed at the junction of the facade and roof, they combine the characteristics of ordinary windows and dormers. They look very original and increase the flow of light entering the room.

You can buy a dormer-shaped structure, only with transparent walls for more illumination.

When opened, a transforming window turns into a small comfortable balcony, but when closed it has a standard look.

Anti-aircraft windows are designed for installation on flat roofs and are designed with a special inclined frame so that the sun does not hit directly into it.

Light tunnels are installed in the presence of an attic space above the attic. The window itself is mounted in the roof, a corrugated pipe is attached, which transmits the rays to the plafond, scattering the light flux.

Dimensions and shapes

The shape of a standard sloped window is rectangular, it can also be square. The structure consists of a frame and a sash, a seal, fittings, and a flashing. Standard frames are mounted on inclined flat roof slopes.

Arched or arched frames have a curved shape. They are designed for appropriately shaped slopes and vaulted roofs.

Round windows are produced that look original and romantic in the interior.

The combined frames are in two parts. The lower part is usually rectangular. The upper window is called an extension and can be either rectangular or triangular, semicircular.

The dimensions of the windows and their dimensions depend on various individual parameters, angles and dimensions of the room and the roof:

• the width of the frame is determined by the distance between the roof rafters;
• the height is calculated by placing the lower and upper levels of the window so that it is convenient to open and look into it;
• the angle of inclination of the roof is also taken into account.

The factories produce a wide range of products of standard dimensions.

If no option suits the client or he wants exclusive, then there is the possibility of ordering. A measurer will come from the office and take measurements for free, calculate the parameters, draw up drawings. Large and curly shapes and different sizes frames.

In addition to the drawing, in the project for arranging the attic, a window arrangement, a working estimate is needed.

Required tools and accessories

In addition to the frames themselves and insulating glass units, manufacturing companies produce various additional accessories and components for installation, protection during operation, opening control, and maintenance. These accessories can be indoor or outdoor, they change characteristics, add functionality, decorate and complete the composition. Installation is possible after the installation of windows or during it.

External components:

• The cover is mounted on top of the frame and protects the joint between the window and the roof from rainwater and other precipitation. For different types of roofing, salaries of different prices are selected, therefore salaries are not included in the cost of windows. To ensure maximum waterproofing of the window, the flashing is recessed into the roof covering by 6 cm. They are made in various shapes, including for cornices and ridge. For different types of roofs, appropriate salaries are issued. The higher the wave of the roof covering, the higher the salary is bought.
• Awnings shade the window opening and reduce light transmission, create coolness on hot summer days, protect from ultraviolet radiation, taking on up to 65% of the light. Other advantages of awnings are noise reduction, rain effect. At the same time, the view when looking at the street through the awning mesh is not distorted.
• Roller shutters close the opening completely and are an effective obstacle for intruders to enter, and also significantly reduce the level of noise coming from the street. Models of roller shutters are sold, operated manually with a rod or with a solar-powered remote control.
• The drives for automatic opening and closing are mains powered or solar panels... They allow you to automate the control of the leaf movement.
• A mortise lock is an additional security feature at home.

Internal accessories:

• The mosquito net is made of fiberglass and an aluminum frame and is installed along special guides that prevent the product from falling off in strong gusts of wind. The mesh completely transmits sunlight, but retains dust, insects, lint and debris.
• Blinds are available in wide colors and allow you to change the angle and degree of lighting, or can completely darken the room. Equipped with remote control systems.
• Roller blinds shade the room and are a decorative element of the interior of rooms, hide the room from prying eyes. Pleated curtains look very attractive, giving the interior airiness and modern look... The coating applied on top of the roller blinds reduces the temperature in the room in the summer heat. Telescopic retractable rods are used to control and move the curtains.

The curtains can be installed and fixed in any position thanks to special guides. The curtains are easy to care for and can be easily washed with detergents.

Additional accessories and fittings:

• Lower handles for convenience manual opening high frames, with the upper handles blocking. The handle is usually provided with a lock.
• Telescopic rod and stick are hand-held controls for flaps, blinds, mosquito nets and curtains. Intermediate elements for rods are sold, the prefabricated structure reaches a length of 2.8 m.
• Steam and waterproofing kits are available ready-to-install, making installation quick and easy.
• Ready-made PVC slopes are easy to install from the inside of the room and do not require painting.
• The factory complete set often includes corners for installation, fastening materials - galvanized nails. Also on the list is a vapor barrier, special sealant and duct tape.
• The drainage gutter, which must be installed above the window opening, serves to drain rainwater and condensate.

Films for adhering to glass with a mirror or tinted effect reduce the temperature in the attic in summer and shade the room.

For installation work, you will need the following tools:

• linear or circular saw or hacksaw;
• construction stapler;
• tape measure and level;
• screwdriver and fastening material;
• electric shears nibbling, punching for metal cutting;
• pliers "corrugation";
• drill.

How to install it yourself?

Installation of roof windows is recommended during the construction phase of the roof system. This is a complex and time-consuming process that is best left to professionals, but if necessary, installation can be done on your own necessary tool, skills and experience in the field of construction, knowledge of technology. Structures of different manufacturing companies are installed in different ways, have separate features of the installation technology.

Location is a very important aspect that affects the overall composition of the building, technical characteristics, proper functioning and service life of not only the windows, but the entire roof. It is necessary to take a project of a house with detailed dimensions, according to which it will be possible to make accurate calculations.

There are certain rules for choosing the optimal and safe place.

• at the junction of horizontal surfaces;
• close to chimneys and ventilation outlets;
• on the slopes of the so-called valley forming the inner corners.

In these areas, the maximum accumulation of precipitation and condensation occurs, which greatly complicates the operating conditions and increases the risk of fogging and leakage.

Height window openings from floor level is determined by the height of the handle. If it is in the upper part of the sash, then the optimal window height is 110 cm from the floor. It is convenient to open the sash manually at this height. If the handle is located at the bottom of the glass, the height cannot be less than 130 cm, especially if children are in the attic, and the maximum value of the height is 170 cm.The middle position of the handle assumes that the window is installed at a height of 120-140 cm. dots - radiators under the windows. They are placed there to prevent condensation from forming. The steepness of the slopes also affects the location of the structure - the smaller the angle of inclination, the higher the window is placed.

The type and properties of the roofing material also determine the location. Soft or roll material can be cut at the desired location, but the tiles must be solid. In this case, the opening is placed over the row of tiles.

The seating depth of the window has three standard values \u200b\u200bprovided by the manufacturer. Outside of the window structure, special grooves are cut, marked with the letters N, V \u200b\u200band J, indicating different planting depths. Flaps for each depth are made separately, provided with appropriate markings, where the depth is indicated by the last letter, for example, EZV06.

Installation of frames is carried out in the intervals between the rafters at a distance of 7-10 cm from them in order to lay the thermal insulation material. The rafter system provides the strength of the roof, therefore, it is undesirable to violate its integrity.

If the frame does not fit in the rafter pitch, it is better to install two smaller windows instead of one large window. When the removal of part of the rafter is still necessary, it is imperative to install a special horizontal bar for strength.

To calculate the dimensions of the opening, you need to add a gap of 2-3.5 cm to the dimensions of the window for laying insulation on four sides. Mineral wool is often used as an insulating material. An assembly gap is left between the opening and the roof cutout, the width of which is determined by the type of roofing material. For shingles, for example, it should be 9 cm.To avoid skewing the window when the house shrinks, the gap between the upper beam and the roof is 4-10 cm.

Installation is desirable on rafters, but it is also possible on a special crate. The lathing beams are installed between the rafters strictly horizontally in level. Outside above the planned opening, a drainage gutter is attached. It is mounted at an angle so that the condensate flows freely onto the roof, bypassing the window. Such a gutter can be made by hand by folding a piece of waterproofing sheet in half.

When all the dimensions are calculated, you can draw and cut out a model of the drywall opening. On the finished waterproofing of the inner side of the roof or on the trim, it is also necessary to draw an outline of the opening, drill several holes to relieve stress and prevent deformation. Then cut two strips with a band or circular saw crosswise and cut the resulting triangles, correct the edges strictly according to the outline. The waterproofing is cut through the same envelope and wrapped outward, attached to the crate.

If metal tiles, slate, corrugated board or sheet metal are used as the roofing material, then an opening is cut out from the outside using a similar technology. If the roof is covered with tiles, you should first disassemble the coating, and then saw out. Lay the heat insulator and shoot it with a stapler to the mounting bars. After completing all the work, the dismantled elements of the roofing are returned to their place.

Before installing the frame into the prepared opening, you need to remove the glass unit and remove the flashing. Mounting brackets are included and come in different types from different manufacturers. They are also fastened in different ways: some on the rafters, others on the rafters and on the crate. Mounting brackets are also included in the standard kit, they are provided with a measuring ruler to correctly adjust the position of the frame in the opening. Screws and galvanized nails are used as fasteners.

The frame without a glass unit must be installed in place in the window openingand correct the position of the lower edge of the box, screw the lower brackets until they stop. It is better to leave the upper mounts with a backlash and do not tighten to the end to facilitate subsequent adjustment. Experts advise to insert the sash into the frame to check the tight fit and correct gaps. At this stage, all levels, angles and distances are checked, inaccuracies are corrected, the frame is adjusted in place using plastic corners. In the future, it will be impossible to correct the distortions. After adjustment, the sash is carefully dismantled again so as not to damage the hinges.

After adjustment and adjustment, the brackets are screwed tightly and a waterproofing apron is laid around the box, the top of the apron is placed under the drainage gutter, one edge of the apron is stapled to the frame, and the other is brought under the crate. Thermal insulation is attached along the sides of the frame.

The flashing must be installed strictly according to the manufacturer's instructions.It is different for different brands, and their equipment is also different. In any case, the lower part of the flashing is mounted first, then the side elements, and then the upper part, and only at the end the overlays are installed.

From the inside, the window is finished and the ready-made factory slopes are installed. Their correct position is such that the lower slope should look horizontally, and the upper slope strictly vertical, otherwise the convection of warm air around the window structure will be disturbed, and unwanted condensation will appear. Slopes are fixed mainly by snapping onto special locks.

Plastic

Mansard window structures made of plastic PVC profile is offered by all major well-known manufacturing companies. Due to the properties of plastic, the line of such products is used in rooms with high levels of humidity, in regions with a humid climate. A good solution is to install a PVC transformer window. Opening the bottom sash creates a small balcony. Plastic frames are also used to glaze complex structures, for example, balconies and loggias in pediments, if desired or available beautiful views you can make the entire section of the pediment glass from floor to ceiling.

These frames have several fixation positions, the opening mechanism for them is along the central axis.Double-glazed windows with tempered glass can withstand significant mechanical loads and even human weight. For comfortable ventilation, ventilation valves with special removable filters are provided; they are designed to clean the air in the room when the windows are closed.

The service life of plastic frames with regular inspection and preventive maintenance is at least 30 years. You do not need to tint them constantly.

Wooden

The most popular material for roof frames is wood. Since wood absorbs moisture, swells, and dries up under the influence of the sun, such material is not used without special protection measures. Basically, they use northern pine, the reliability and strength of which has been tested for centuries, solid or glued timber. Impregnate it with antiseptics and cover with a double layer of varnish. In this case, the tree does not rot, does not deform, and gains durability. Some manufacturers coat pine timber with monolithic polyurethane. This coating increases the durability of the box and gives it additional strength.

The main advantage of wood is environmental friendliness, safety for human health. Thanks to the beautiful natural texture, reinforced with varnish, it looks natural and harmonious in the interior, emphasizing the atmosphere of a country house. These windows are the most affordable and have the richest assortment of models and varieties, fasteners and opening mechanisms. These frames can be either vertical and installed in a skylight in the roof, or tilted for installation on roof slopes at an angle. They are perfect for offices, bedrooms, living rooms and children's rooms.

Metal

Aluminum skylights are used mainly in offices, hospitals, and administrative buildings for various purposes. They have a rigid, durable structure, relatively low weight, withstand strong and sharp temperature jumps - from -80 to + 100 degrees.

The metal profile is cold and warm.

You can choose the most suitable shade from a rich palette of colors in which to paint metal profiles... During operation, they do not require any preventive maintenance, except for glass washing.

Installation of attic window structures is a laborious and responsible business. Experienced specialists share years of experience and give valuable advice by their correct installation in order to avoid errors and errors during installation, as well as preventive maintenance of them so that they serve reliably as long as possible.

• Failure by the buyer to follow the manufacturer's instructions for self-assembly may result in the loss of warranty rights.
• When accepting a window delivered from the factory or store, you should carefully inspect it for its integrity and conformity to the configuration, size, visual defects and packaging damage. In case of non-compliance with the requirements, the acceptance certificate should not be signed.
• It is not recommended to use polyurethane foam for installation. In this case, only special insulating sealants are needed. Mounting foam will not provide waterproofing, but when it solidifies and expands, it will create an additional load on the frame and can move structural elements and jam the sash.

Before installing the box, be sure to remove the sash from the frame so as not to damage the hinges. After the box is in the opening in its place, its position is adjusted, the sash is put back.

• After installing the box, it should be insulated, carefully tucking mineral wool around the window and be sure to lay under the slopes.
• Adjustment is made at the stage of baiting the box, and only then tightened to the stop. Correction of the box position is not possible at subsequent stages of installation.
• When buying, it is imperative to check the complete set, compatibility of all components and component parts of the structure, check the dimensions with the project or drawing, draw up a contract in which to indicate all the nuances of the order.
• Products must be certified and have all accompanying and warranty documents, as well as detailed instructions for installation and correct operation.
• The fastening of the box to the rafters is much stronger, but when mounted on the crate, it is easier to align the frame.

Famous manufacturers and reviews

The most famous and large companies that lead in the construction market for roof windows and components for them, offer customers high-quality certified products, as well as additional accessories and preventive window treatments during the entire period of operation.

Danish firm Velux has been working in the Russian Federation since 1991. Unique developments and inventions made this manufacturer one of the leaders of brands represented in Russia. In addition to the main products, the company offers customers a full range of components and accessories that are fully compatible with windows. The innovative material used by the company for the production of wooden frames is the Nordic pine, which has been tested for centuries of use in Europe, impregnated with antiseptic compounds and covered with monolithic polyurethane or a double layer of varnish.

Among the numerous patented inventions, one can note a unique ventilation system equipped with thin filters and a special vent-valve built into the opening handle for comfortable ventilation.

The glazing "warm perimeter", which uses energy-saving double-glazed windows filled with argon, is equipped with a steel dividing strip. Thanks to it, condensation does not form along the perimeter of the window.

No drafts and crevices, a three-level sealing system, silicone instead of a sealant, only innovative and proven materials - all this is provided by the company's products. According to the results of examinations, Velux windows withstand frosts with dignity down to -55 degrees and are recommended for installation in northern regions.

The main line of Velux models is produced in large and medium sizes.

German windows Roto first appeared in 1935. The products of this company are produced from high quality plastic multi-chamber PVC profile. The windows of this company are small and medium-sized. Standard sizes are 54x78 and 54x98. All best properties material, Roto products are ideal for the climatic conditions of our country, sudden changes in weather, high rainfall.

It is possible to install electric piston drives on Roto sashes, which prevent the window from slamming; you can control the sashes using a remote control or a smart home system. Installation is allowed not only to the rafters, but also to the crate; models are produced that are mounted without first removing the sash. The products of this company receive excellent reviews from both construction specialists and owners of private houses who have been using German windows for many years.

Company Fakrohas been producing designs for 10 years that undergo more than 70 different checks and tests before being sold. Raw materials and components are also tested for strength and other parameters. Outside, the structure is protected by overlays.

You can arrange the frame from the inside by clicking the factory ready-made slope to the branded locks. Control is possible using a wall keyboard, remote controls, from a smartphone via the Internet or manually.

For the convenience of working with its products, this manufacturer has developed mobile applications, conducts regular training seminars for builders, review TV broadcasts. To perform custom-made qualified installation of windows, there are certified teams, as well as official service centers for the repair and preventive maintenance of products. There is an unlimited warranty for the glass unit and spare parts. Replacement of these components is absolutely free, regardless of the service life and the cause of damage. The creation of such an infrastructure for the convenience of purchasing and servicing has allowed the company to gain deserved popularity and become one of the leaders in the Russian market.

Successful examples and options

Designers and architects create impressive buildings - true works of architectural art that combine imposing and modern openness and lightness of interiors. The variety of complex fantasy shapes and the boldness of solutions for roof windows is amazing. The rapid development of building technologies and innovations makes it possible to design unusual attics that reflect the personality and taste of the owners.

Making repairs in the attic, the owners think over and decoration window openings. Hanging heavy curtains and curtains in such interiors is undesirable. It is better to give preference to light curtains, blinds, roller shutters. The harmonious combination of shades will create a modern, light and cozy interior.

Or even a bathroom or sauna. In many ways, the convenience of living in such a room will depend on the correct choice of windows, their type, number and location.

Installation of roof windows is a responsible business. Indeed, if installed incorrectly, such troubles as roof leaks and room cooling in winter are possible. We will talk about what kind of roof windows are and what the technology of their insertion is in this article.

Types of roof windows

Install skylights, if desired, on the gables. Sometimes they are located obliquely in the plane of the roof itself. Dormer windows in the attic are also used. In this case, the structure is mounted vertically in a special "birdhouse". The choice of this or that option depends both on the characteristics and on the personal preferences of the owners of the house themselves. You can see how skylights of various designs look in the photo gallery below.

Design features

Attic windows can vary greatly in their design features. Today there are such types:

1. Cornice. This design is used in attics with a high wall. In this case, a vertical additional element is installed under the main sash;
2. Inclined with bottom element. The top of this option opens. The lower one is deaf;

Roof windows. Photo of structures with bottom element and cornice

1. Balcony. In this case, a vertical structure is connected to the inclined structure, which is part of the balcony parapet;

Balcony skylights look very unusual

1. Extensions. Both triangular and semicircular versions are used. Such an addition harmoniously fits into the exterior of the building and looks good in the interior of the attic;

Roof windows. Photo of decorative extensions

1. Light tunnel. In the event that a small attic is also located above, the window can be arranged on it. The room is illuminated through a reflective tube tunnel.
2. In this case, a diffusing light flux cover is installed at the exit.

On a note: A light tunnel can be a great option for an attic, hi-tech or minimalism. The taco shade also fits well in the loft style.

Attic living space can be illuminated through the attic

1. Standard. Such structures can be rectangular or square. They consist of a frame and one swing panel. Deaf variants are also sometimes used. If desired, you can install such skylights. Deaf structures, however, are practically not found on sale. Usually they are made to order. Standard designs are most often used in attic living quarters;

Types by way of opening

Among other things, roof windows can differ in the way they are opened. If desired, you can install the following types of structures:

1. Center pivot version. These are the most popular roof windows. Reviews about them are extremely positive. It is very easy to look after them and you can mount them on slopes with any slope;
2. Mansard hatch. Opens along the lateral axis;

Attic windows. Photo of a mansard hatch and a window with a central pivot

1. Raised axle version;
2. Bottom axle version. The doors of such structures open forward;

On a note: Lovers of special comfort should purchase electric windows. You can open and close the doors of such structures using the remote control.

Material used to make the profile

Facade windows can be made of PVC, aluminum or wood. In ordinary rooms, all of these varieties can be installed. If a bathroom or sauna is equipped in the attic, it is better not to use wooden structures. In this case, it is worth installing plastic or aluminum roof windows. Metal-plastic structures can also be a good option.

Thus, windows on the attic floor can be opened in a variety of ways and have different designs. Perhaps these photos will help someone make a choice:

Installation technology for roof windows

Installation of roof windows is carried out in compliance with some rules. The frame should be mounted so that its lower edge is approximately 120 cm from the floor. The color of the frames should be in harmony with the color of the roofing material. It is best to mount the frames before. The leaves are inserted later. Of course, skylights can also be installed on a finished roof. In this case, you should first draw the corresponding drawing.

Preparation of a window opening

Installation of a window structure is usually carried out between the rafters. Skylights, the dimensions of which are most often standard (550mm), fit into this opening almost perfectly. Of course, only if the pitch between the rafters is about 600mm (which happens most often). Next, we present instructions for preparing a window opening:

1. At the first stage, a place for the frame is marked. In this case, 45 mm should be added to the height of the frame, and 60 mm to the width;
2. Further, according to the marking, the skin is removed. You can use an electric saw to cut the lining;
3. After that, you need to remove the insulation. Trimming the lathing and insulation in the roof is performed parallel to the floor at the top and strictly vertically at the bottom. As a result, the resulting opening will be larger inside than outside. This will allow light to enter the room without obstruction;

The opening from the inside of the attic should be wider than outside

1. In order to insert the frame, you must also cut off the crate and cut a hole in the metal tile or profiled sheet (or remove the tile);

Important: When inserting a structure into a roof covered with tiles on the sides, the opening must be cleared by removing two rows of tiles.

1. Further, an additional structure from a bar is installed in the opening, on which the frame will subsequently be attached. From the outside, on the roof, the size of the bars must match the size of the battens.

The frame is mounted on a special timber construction

Window preparation

After preparing the opening, the actual installation of the roof windows is performed. The video presents this process in stages:

The first step is to pull the sash out of the frame. From the purchased window, remove all components fixed for its safe transportation. The sash from different manufacturers can be removed in different ways. Most often, you just need to squeeze the pivot lock and disengage the sash.

Next, the frame of the skylights is being prepared. Do-it-yourself installation of a profile in the opening is performed using special plates that come with the kit. These elements need to be attached to the frame on both sides and at the corners. This is done with screws.

The frame is attached to the box on special metal plates

How to install a roof window

You need to mount the roof window from the street side. The frame is installed in a cobbled box in such a way that there is a gap of 20-30mm between them for insulation. Only two upper plates are pre-fastened. The frame is also cut using screws.

Before mounting the skylights with your own hands further, you need to insert the previously removed sash into the frame. After installation, they close it and check how correctly it "stood" in the frame. Then you need to wrap all the screws in the mounting metal plates, securing the frame completely.

Important: Before the frame is finally fixed, its position in the box must be corrected. The profile should be located in a plane strictly parallel to the plane of the roof.

The roof window is inserted into the opening and fixed on the plates

Window sealing

To prevent the windows from leaking, they should be waterproofed. A protective apron, usually included in the kit, must be mounted under the box. This element is attached to the bottom of the frame. In the next step, the side aprons are installed. Next, an apron is inserted in the upper part of the window and a metal ebb is attached here.

In order to exclude leaks, a waterproofing apron is mounted

To insulate the structure, you can use any modern material. Basalt wool is best suited for this purpose. It is inserted between the roofing material and the cobbled structure.

Important: It is better not to use polyurethane foam for sealing and insulation. Expanding, it often shifts structural elements from their place. As a result, the sash can jam.

Compliance with all technologies is a guarantee that you will get good skylights. Installing them (the video confirms this) is not as difficult as it might seem at first glance.