The principle of constructing a multi-gable roof frame. Multi-gable roof: how to make a reliable design. Positive and negative properties

The most bizarre roof structures today can be seen not only on the buildings of historical museums, estates or medieval castles. Increasingly, they are found in private homes and cottages. Developers are ready to offer their clients services for the construction of complex but beautiful structures. Despite the high cost, the demand for them is only growing every year, because their beauty and presentability are indicators of the high social status of the owner.

What it is?

The roof of the house is a multifunctional element. It simultaneously performs technical, operational and aesthetic tasks. The success of its use depends on the high-quality study of all elements, and the unique appearance can make the building especially attractive.

Traditional gable roof, having two pediments, is called a double-gable. If the project provides for the presence of several elements consisting of paired gables or tongs, then it is called multi-gable. Such a structure is considered the most complex due to the presence of a large number of different architectural elements. It is they who make the roof the most attractive and original, capable of giving the image of a medieval castle even to the most ordinary building.

Multi-gable roofs for frame house You can create your own hands, if you follow all the recommendations. Such designs have both their pros and cons, so you need to carefully weigh your choice. Before you should be a scheme of work and a design drawing, as well as examples of finished roofs.

In what cases is it preferable to create roofing floors of this type?

The need to build a complex object may arise in a number of cases:

• when the roof must be made in the same architectural style as the structure being built;
• if additional extensions were made to the main building;
• in the case when the structure of a simple rectangular or square shape is complemented by several gables;
• if the project provides for the arrangement of recessed balconies or windows on the roof, including dormer windows;
• if necessary, create side lighting of the attic;
• in multi-room buildings of a large area with a complex multi-level layout.

Advantages and disadvantages

The roof of this type emphasizes the beauty of the architectural style in which the building was built.

A number of advantages distinguishes it from other types of roofing structures:

• it has a more original and attractive appearance;
• differs in reliability and durability;
• after its construction, it becomes possible to equip an additional room or pantry in the space of the attic formed;
• the complexity of the design involves the formation of a large number of peculiar stiffeners at the intersection of numerous planes - they help to significantly strengthen the overlap;
• a balanced rafter system allows you to withstand increased loads, especially in winter;
• snow does not linger on steep slopes.

Its disadvantages include the following:

• the high cost of erecting such an object due to the large volume of materials used and the rather high price for them;
• a significant amount of waste generated during cutting of coatings (especially for metal tiles).
• a complex device requires competent calculation and a professional approach to installation;
• high-quality waterproofing is necessary, especially at internal joints;
• increased load on the valley, especially in winter due to the abundance of precipitation.

Structural features

It is a pitched structure with surfaces inclined towards the outer walls. Thanks to this, a natural runoff of melt and rain water is ensured.

Such a roof consists of many structural elements. Let's consider them.

stingray

Roof section located in the same plane. The more complex the design, the more slopes it has.

Gable or pediment

Represents the upper section of the wall, bounded by slopes. A slight difference between gables and pediments is the absence of a cornice in their lower part.

Valley or groove

Structural elements in the form of internal corners formed by joints. From the ends of the valleys are limited to gables or tongs. During operation, this part of the building takes on the largest amount of precipitation. This is where rainwater and snow accumulate.

During construction work, it is she who needs to be given special attention in order to avoid problems associated with the appearance of leaks in the future.

Rib or skate

A horizontal line connecting two slope planes.

Eaves overhang

A hanging section of the roof with a width of 30 cm to 50 cm, the main function of which is to protect against precipitation and ensure effective drainage of water runoff after rain or snow melt.

drain

Structural element, diverting water from the surface of the roof into the downpipes of a horizontal arrangement.

adjoining

The section of the connection of the slopes with the vertical surface of the building.

The angle of inclination of the roof is determined even in the process of its design, depending on several factors:

• features of climatic conditions;
• Supplies;
• architectural features of the building.

IN special occasions it can be up to 90 degrees.

The simplest version of a multi-gable roof is two gable structures connected at right angles. If you look at such a structure from above, it will have the shape of a cross. Most often, when developing a project, designers suggest using a similar gable shape on several separate parts of the building at once, with their further merging into a single structure. This approach allows you to create original structures that give the whole structure an attractive look. appearance.

The device and installation of the truss frame

The truss system of a multi-gable roof has a rather complex device. It often contains a combination of inclined and hanging supports. Therefore, the utmost attention should be paid to the accuracy of calculations of their cross section, as well as the installation of the necessary stiffeners.

Its main elements include:

• Mauerlat;
• rafters;
• beams.

Mauerlat performs the most important task of distributing the load from the roof to the walls of the building. For its production, a bar with a length of 1000mm to 1500mm with a section of 100x150mm or 150x150mm is used. Mauerlat must be firmly attached to a special reinforced belt, which is being erected even during the construction of the wall box. This is done so that the forces from the rafters cannot push the walls apart. Only after the Mauerlat is securely fixed, the installation of the rafter legs begins.

Depending on the presence of additional supports, inclined or hanging rafters are installed. For their manufacture, exactly the same timber is used as for the Mauerlat. A skate is also made from it, which serves as a connecting element of the upper parts of the rafters.

In some cases, it becomes necessary to install additional intermediate runs in the form of horizontal beams between the supporting structure and the crate. They reduce the load from the coating, evenly distributing it in the truss system, and also add rigidity to the crate.

Brief step-by-step instructions for construction

Installation of a multi-gable structure must be carried out in strict accordance with the design documentation.

All work is carried out in stages.

• Climatic data are collected that are typical for the region of the facility under construction. This information is taken into account when carrying out technical calculations and developing the project.
• Object design and calculation. Careful pre-calculation of all constituent parts roofing is best left to experienced professionals. In addition, it is necessary to determine in advance the types and volumes of materials that will be used in construction.
• Mauerlat is laid along the perimeter of the building.
• Vertical support posts are installed and horizontal beams are mounted - runs that form a ridge.

• Installation of the main and additional supports forming the transitions of the planes.
• Racks and rafters are reinforced with rafter legs or struts. They help to evenly distribute the load, and also do not allow structures to sag.
• The elements are connected using metal fasteners - plates, brackets, threaded studs or anchors. To strengthen the connection of the boards, wooden bosses are used.
• From above (along the rafters) a crate is laid in the form of horizontal slats.

The choice of lathing depends on the type of roofing. If it is intended to use a soft roof, then solid flooring is preferable. When using rigid materials or profiled metal products, the crate is made sparse.

Waterproofing and protection of attic spaces from heat loss

Rolled waterproofing is laid in overlapping strips and perpendicular to the direction of the roof slope. Be sure to make an overlap with a width of at least 15 cm. The joints of the strips are glued together with a special adhesive tape or construction tape. Particular attention is paid to the valleys, as they take on the largest amount of rain or melt water, therefore they are the most vulnerable place.

If the work on the installation of the waterproofing layer was performed in violation of the technology or low-quality materials were used, this can lead to the accumulation of moisture in the under-roof area, as a result of which the thermal insulation deteriorates significantly, and the wooden parts of the roof may rot.

It should be noted that traditional waterproofing products in the form of roofing felt or glassine can no longer provide a long service life and strength. They do not fully comply with modern standards of environmental cleanliness and safety. Therefore, membrane materials are becoming more widespread. In addition to their main function, they are able to significantly reduce heat loss by increasing the thickness of the insulation to the full height of the rafters.

The construction of a multi-gable roof implies the formation of an attic space, spacious enough to equip residential or utility rooms in it. Therefore, the roof must be well insulated and isolated from the ingress of excess moisture into it. Mineral wool insulation is ideal for this. They prevent the appearance of "cold zones" in which condensation may form. Among the features worth noting is a particularly soft structure, which allows the use of this material in hard-to-reach areas.

In this article we will talk about what is a multi-gable roof. A multi-gable roof over a square house has a large number of valleys, ribs, gables, gables. The gable is the upper part of the wall of the building, which is limited by two roof slopes and is not separated by a cornice from below. When the upper part of the wall is separated from the lower part by a cornice, then this is already a pediment. The gable roof consists of two planes that rest on the walls and are limited by gables or gables from the ends.

What is a multi-gable roof

Multi-gable roofs are arranged on houses that have a complex layout, with side lighting of attics, covering extensions, gables above the entrances.

When constructing such a roof as, elements such as valleys must be present. You also need to know that a building with such a roof must have a ventilated attic, which will be completely isolated from all warm rooms.

Multi-gable roofs require a large consumption of roofing materials, and after its installation, quite a lot of material waste remains.

A multi-gable roof is typical for buildings with a complex plan.

A type such as is formed by installing several slopes. This is a rather complicated construction, the main disadvantage of which is the complexity of implementation.

When constructing this roof, the intersections of the slopes form internal corners (valleys). A large amount of water flows down them and therefore close attention should be paid to the waterproofing of such corners.

In addition, a large amount of snow can accumulate in the valleys, and this significantly increases the load on the roof. The main advantage of a multi-gable roof is its expressive appearance, as well as the overlapping of several rooms with a single-level roof.

gable roof

A gable roof is the heaviest roof in the construction of roofs, since there are many valleys, grooves, and ribs in the design. It is mainly used in buildings with polygonal building design, difficult architecture.

It is often used in the construction of private houses. The spire has an artistic character, and such elements are installed on domed roofs and towers.

These roofs do not carry a useful meaning, but they do a significant job in creating the architectural style of the building. In individual construction, a gable roof is a complex of several forms, sometimes so intricate that it is even difficult to recognize them.

Today, two-level coatings and half-hip roofs are popular.

To your attention!Most simple design represents the intersection between each other at an angle of 90º of two pitched roofs.

The rafter system of a multi-gable roof consists of rafters, mauerlat, girders (beams). An element such as a mauerlat redistributes the load from the roof to the walls of the house through the rafter legs and thus connects to the walls.

It consists of wooden bars 150x100 mm and 150x150 mm. And also for this use pieces of timber having a length of 1.5 meters. The rafters for such a roof are assembled from dry pine boards, which have a section of 150x50 mm.

Rafters are hanging and layered - it depends on the presence or absence of additional supports, as well as on the design of the multi-gable roof. In the roof device, both types of rafters can be used simultaneously.

In places where gable roofs are articulated, slanted or diagonal rafter legs are installed, on which the sprigs (shorten rafter legs) will rest. Due to the fact that a very large load acts on the diagonal rafters, they need to be strengthened - to be rallied into two boards.

In the upper part of the rafters, they are connected with a ridge run made of boards or timber cohesive among themselves. If necessary, additional intermediate runs are installed.

Tip! After the rafter system is installed, the waterproofing film is laid in strips, perpendicular to the direction of the slope, with an overlap of at least 15 cm, as well as with mandatory gluing of the joints using connecting tapes. Close attention should be paid to the places where the valleys are located, as large flows of water will flow along them.

On the rafters, bars of the counter-lattice are sewn after laying the waterproofing layer. Basically, bars with a section of 50x50 mm or boards of 32x100 mm are used to perform such work. Sheathing should be carried out in accordance with the instructions for the selected roofing.

Gable roof construction

gable roofs

A lot of owners of private houses want to know how to make a multi-gable roof.

This type of roofs are rather complex structures, and when such a structure is constructed, several fragments of the building can represent gable variations, which are then combined into a single complex, while creating an amazing impression.

Do-it-yourself construction of a four-gable roof consists of the following steps:

• it is necessary to remove the correct dimensions of the house;
• calculate the cross section and length of the rafters;
• correctly position stops, skates, valleys;
• then a Mauerlat should be installed, which should run along the perimeter of the wall and serve as a reliable "foundation" of the roof;
• then it is necessary to install rafters, which are fixed on the Mauerlat with cuts or nails;
• then the crate, waterproofing, the roofing itself, as well as steam and heat insulation are installed.

The design of the multi-gable roof is a pitched roof with sloping roof surfaces towards the outer walls and at the same time provides a natural runoff of melt and rainwater.

The choice of slope directly depends on the climatic conditions of the region, the roofing material and architectural requirements. In some areas, the slope angle is 90º.

The main elements of the roof

Schematic of a four-gable roof

The structural scheme of the four-gable roof consists of the following elements:

1. inclined planes - slopes;
2. rafters;
3. crates;
4. Mauerlat;
5. horizontal and inclined ribs;
6. skate;
7. valleys;
8. grooves;
9. overhangs;
10. gutters.

The device of a multi-gable roof is a rather laborious process, since additional diagonal rafters should be installed at the intersection of the slopes when erecting such a structure.

In this case, elements such as grooves are formed, which are also called "snow bags". And when installing the roof, special attention should be paid to these elements, since with poor-quality installation, the roof will definitely leak in these places.

Roof forms

With a complex roof, it is necessary to install valleys, which are the least reliable place on the roof, since snow accumulates in these places and the load on the truss system increases.

The four-gable roof is a design of slopes on four sides. It is also called hip or tent, and slopes - hips.

These structures do not require gable walls, but the truss system is more complex than the gable one. Sometimes such a roof is made in the form of a half-hip, and at the same time, the side slopes, as it were, cut off part of the spitz.

Therefore, half-hips have a shorter length along the slope than the main slopes.

They can be located in the form of a triangle, at the very top of the roof, and form a gable in the form of a trapezoid, or a trapezoid anise - then a triangular gable is formed at the top, which lies outside the plane of the wall.

This design is used for buildings that have a polygonal or square plan. A roof with such slopes in the form of isosceles triangles converges with vertices at one point.

Among various types roofs, the most beautiful and at the same time difficult to implement is considered to be a multi-gable design. She came to our country from Europe, where people have long had a love for square houses and buildings with a lot of corners. The intricate rafter system of a multi-gable roof is being erected on structures with a complex layout, and is also great solution for organizing additional lighting in the attic.

Advantages and disadvantages

Those developers who prefer minimalism and practicality are unlikely to appreciate the complex broken lines of such an expensive roof, especially since its main function is similar to more modest one-level samples. Aesthetes and connoisseurs of sophistication, for whom decorative characteristics functional ones are no less important, on the contrary, they use every opportunity to arrange such an architectural composition in their home.

The construction of a multi-gable roof is an expensive and time-consuming process.

Even though a simpler construction of a roofing system can be just as successful, it would be a mistake to think that a roof with many gables has only one advantage - Beautiful design, this is not entirely true. Apart from the outstanding decorative features, this design has a number of positive aspects, namely:

• Long service life achieved by balance truss system, thanks to which the roof is able to withstand an impressive load.
• The possibility of planning additional space inside the house due to the attic or attic room, where you can equip a gym, billiard room or greenhouse.
• Practicality, expressed in the natural removal of precipitation. Due to the presence of inclined surfaces (sometimes their slope reaches 90 degrees), snow and rainwater, as well as fallen leaves, branches and other debris, do not linger on the roof surface and are independently discharged from it.

For construction, it is better to attract a team of professional roofers

If we talk about the shortcomings of the object in question, then they are rather arbitrary, because for wealthy homeowners these disadvantages will not be significant. As you understand, we are talking about the high cost of the project, the high cost of materials and the high wages of the construction team due to the complexity of the work. It was not in vain that we mentioned the need to involve highly professional specialists in the construction of a multi-component roof, because its construction by one's own hands without the appropriate qualifications is difficult and very risky. If you are confident in your abilities and have all the practical skills in this area, you can safely proceed to the implementation of your plans.

The main elements of the external structure

So, all the pros and cons are weighed, there is confidence in your intellectual and physical capabilities, which means that you are ready to perform a complex process with your own hands. Most simple option structures with many tongs are considered to be the union into a single whole of a pair of gable structures intersecting at right angles in the form of a cross (with the upper projection).

Now let's move on to the terms denoting individual sections of the roof:

• forceps, in the language of professionals - nothing more than the tops of a wall without a cornice (unlike a pediment), which form the basis for two roof slopes;
• valley- the place of joining of two planes, forming an internal corner;
• edge- an outer corner formed at the junction of two slopes. The horizontal top rib is called a ridge by carpenters.

Pay attention to the fact that special attention is paid to the valleys, because they must cope with the high load caused by the accumulation of precipitation. Even the slightest miscalculations in this area are fraught with leaks and, as a result, premature destruction of the roof.

truss system

The rafter system at the multi-gable roof is assembled from many mandatory elements that are installed in a strictly defined, verified order, and this is its main difficulty.

The basis of the system is:

The slightest violation of construction technology, as a rule, turns into serious troubles, the elimination of which, if possible, inevitably entails a significant waste of time and financial costs. We immediately draw the attention of people who decide to master construction stages with your own hands that this complex structure may require a combination of hanging and inclined rafters.

In practice, for the manufacture of rafters, dried and treated with fire retardants and antiseptics, bars of the same section as the Mauerlat (150 x 150 mm or 100 x 150 mm) are used, which, in turn, evenly distributes the load from the roof to the walls of the house. The upper parts of the rafters are connected by a ridge run. It is very important to maintain the optimal moisture content of the wood (maximum 20%).

Stages of the construction process

To install a multi-gable roof with your own hands, you will need a work plan, which is strongly not recommended to deviate from. Now let's go directly to the construction stages:

1. First of all, you need to measure the size of the house.
2. Next, the section of the rafters is determined and a scheme (project) for the installation of all roof elements is developed.

Drawing of the truss system of a multi-gable roof

• Now you can start laying the Mauerlat, which is fixed on the reinforced belt, and installing the rafter legs. If the installation of a semi-hipped or hip roof is planned, it is necessary to install diagonal rafters reinforced with sprigs.
• As fasteners for installing rafter legs on the Mauerlat, metal brackets, plates or corners are used. It is also possible to fix these elements by means of technological cuts.

For the installation of rafters, metal brackets, plates, corners are used.

• If the house has a large area, most likely, it will be necessary to install ceiling beams (longitudinal or transverse), which act as puffs.
• The upper part of the rafters is attached to the ridge, then the vapor barrier material, the crate and the counter-crate (ventilation system) are laid.

The ventilation system is installed before the roof is installed.

• The final stage of work is the installation of roofing material (metal, bituminous, ceramic tiles, etc.).

When mounting such a complex roof with your own hands, do not forget that the attic space will require additional insulation, otherwise it cannot be used as a living space. Mineral fiber (basalt or glass wool) is best suited for such purposes. If you neglect this rule, you may encounter the accumulation of condensate in the under-roof area, which will lead to rotting of the wood from which the roof structure is assembled.

Multi-gable roof: rafter system device

The design of the truss system of a multi-gable roof type. Layout and docking of rafters, fastening, knots, details, schemes for erection by one's own hands.

We study the truss system of a multi-gable roof

Among all the variety of roof structures, a multi-gable roof is the most complex, labor-intensive and economically unprofitable. However, these shortcomings more than pay off with a unique appearance with many tongs, gables and grooves.

The construction of this structure without fail implies a process of long and careful design, during which a multi-gable roof and its truss system are built, the dimensions of all structural elements are calculated. Let's consider this process in more detail.

Advantages and disadvantages

A multi-gable roof is one of the most controversial roof structures, as its pros and cons balance each other out and the final decision in favor of building such a roof is usually made based on the personal aesthetic preferences of the owner of the house.

Consider the main advantages that a multi-gable roof provides:

• Traditionally, such a roof was erected on square houses in such a way as to avoid cornice overhangs. But the use of this roof is possible and even necessary in the case when the shape of the house is complex due to the many rooms attached to it. It can completely transform the appearance of such a far from ideal building;
• The truss system of a multi-gable roof is characterized by increased strength and stability, of course, if a competent calculation and installation of the structure is made;
• The construction of such a roof allows you to use the room under the roof for a residential attic and, thanks to the possibility of displaying various windows on different sides, provide excellent daylight.

Let's move on to the design flaws:

• This type of roof can not boast of efficiency. The device of the truss system is complex and involves a large amount of waste wood and materials from the roofing pie;
• Due to the large number of junctions of slopes, such a roof is at risk for leaks.

Design and types

It is based on such an element as a gable - this is a triangular part of the wall, which, unlike the pediment, is not separated by a cornice. That is, a simple form of a multi-gable roof is the connection of two gable roofs at right angles over a square building. When viewed from above, such a structure will have a cruciform appearance.

Depending on the building itself, its shape, dimensions and the desire to create living rooms under the roof, the design can differ significantly from the classical form described above. A set of roofing elements will remain common. Among them, special attention should be paid to two:

• Endova, which represents the inner corner between two slopes. The valley must be especially well insulated and strengthened, since it accumulates the largest amount of snow and debris, and the maximum amount of water flows down it during rains.
• Roof ribs represent the outer corners of the junction of the slopes, for example, the ridge and the junction of several slopes at the top of the roof.

Calculation of the truss system

The rafter system of a complex multi-gable roof and its scheme should ideally be carried out by professionals, since this implies a rather complicated calculation and installation with many pitfalls. But if you have initial experience in building roofs and you are not planning a roof that is too fanciful, then it is quite possible to make a drawing of such a roof on your own.

It is impossible to give an exact algorithm for calculating a multi-gable roof, since the type of construction itself implies large differences in the rafter system, depending on the appearance of the roof. Here are the main points that are important to pay attention to when designing:

• It is necessary to carry out a plan-scheme of the desired roof, displaying the exact dimensions of the building. At this stage, it is necessary to determine such interrelated parameters as the slope of the slopes and the height of the roof. The angle of inclination of the slopes of such a roof is usually steep. Otherwise, it will be problematic to use the under-roof space to create a living room;
• The rafter system should be built on the basis of a number of data, including the snow load of the region and the weight of the roofing. Multi-gable designs produce a large amount of waste, so we recommend that you look at soft tiles;
• The type of truss system depends on the presence of support inside the building. It is important to carefully calculate the location and load on all supporting elements, such as tightening, stops, runs, etc., so as not to miscalculate with their dimensions;
• Depending on the roof configuration will be used different types rafters: conventional or diagonal (for hip structures).

General view of the truss system and roofing pie

The rafters and roofing cake of a multi-gable roof, in principle, repeat the main points of these structures for other types of roofs. Therefore, let's focus on important points, which must be taken into account even at the planning stage of the roof:

• Mauerlat is subject to heavy loads and it is advisable for him to choose a bar with a section of 150 * 150 mm. It is more convenient to mount it on anchors laid in the walls during their construction;
• Rafters can be attached to the Mauerlat in three main ways: washed down, staples or corners. In the upper part, the connection of the rafters is made with a ridge beam;
• The reinforcing elements for the rafters in different solutions of multi-gable roofs will be different elements. In the case of a basis in the form hip roof diagonal rafters will be mounted, which are necessarily made double and strengthened by sprigs. Strengthening roof trusses is possible with struts or crossbars. In a large building, it is convenient to use ceiling beams for tightening truss trusses;
• The installation of the valley requires special attention. In these places, a continuous crate is made and two layers of waterproofing are laid. A valley plank is mounted on the waterproofing layer. If the element requires docking, then the installation is done from the bottom up so that the upper bar overlaps the lower one and water cannot flow under it;
• The device of the lathing and insulation of this roof in general terms repeats these steps for any other roof.

Summing up

A multi-gable roof is a technically complex structure, for the competent construction of which accurate calculation and knowledge of the installation nuances are especially important.

Such roofs look great both on square or rectangular buildings, allowing them to acquire a more interesting appearance, and on houses of complex shape, when it is the only possible option roof arrangement.

It is important to remember that any complication of the roof structure does not have the best effect on the cost and strength of the roof. Any element of the roof should, first of all, be of practical use, and not be erected for the sake of taste.

Multi-gable roof: truss system - diagrams and drawings

The advantages and disadvantages of a multi-gable roof are considered, the main points are given in the calculation and construction of the truss system of this design.

We make a gable roof with our own hands

Private houses are decorated with roofs of various shapes. Among them there are tongs. They are a structure that rests on two walls of the same height. Such roofs have two slopes. The end part in its shape resembles a triangle. If the walls are made of wood, then such a triangle is called tongs, and if made of brick - pediments. You can make a gable roof with your own hands.

gable roof calculation

Gable roofs have two slopes. There are no restrictions on the choice of roofing materials.

When constructing such a roof, as a rule, material waste is minimal. This is due to the fact that the shape of the slopes is rectangular. By the way, slopes can have different lengths and angles of inclination.

Such a roof is characterized by the use of a warm attic, which is used as an additional room. Roof insulation can lead to additional costs for materials and complicate the work.

The optimal angle for the slope is determined within 20-45 degrees and depends on the construction area. If the terrain is snowy, it is better to increase the slope to avoid the formation of snow accumulations.

Shield roof: the beginning of construction

The device of such a roof begins with laying out the end parts - tongs. This is not the easiest task, because they must be exactly the same.

To calculate the length of the slope, use the Pythagorean theorem, familiar to everyone from school. So, if we imagine that the slope is the hypotenuse of the calculated triangle, then one of the legs will be the height from the beginning of the slope to the ridge along the plane of the wall, and the second will be half the length of the facade wall.

If the house has a simple shape in plan, then you can use the use of a gable roof, but if the shape of the structure is complex, then an option appears using a multi-gable roof. It is more difficult to build them, because they have a lot of valleys.

Gable roof device

When constructing such a roof, two types of rafters are used - layered and hanging.

Slanted are a structure that has a support beam in the middle, which transfers the load from the ridge to the Mauerlat, laid on load-bearing walls. This beam is mounted in the middle of the outer walls.

hanging rafters used in cases where the distance between the walls is less than 10 meters or there is no load-bearing wall in the middle of the house.

They are supported on the side walls. However, this creates a rippling effect. It gives additional load to the walls. To avoid this, the design of the hanging rafters provides for connecting the rafters with puffs in such a way that a triangle appears. Floor beams can be used to perform this function.

Puffs can be mounted from above and below. In this case, the upper ones must be installed in such a way that the distance from the ridge is more than 50 centimeters.

Types of roof truss systems

• Mauerlat. For him, wooden bars with a section of 15x10 or 15x15 centimeters are suitable;
• rafters. For them, pine boards with a section of 15x5 centimeters are chosen.
• spacers;
• counterlattice. It is laid after a layer of waterproofing. For her, choose bars with a section of 5x5 centimeters or boards 3x10 centimeters;
• the lathing is selected under the roofing. It can be made of edged or unedged boards, plywood, OSB boards.

Stages of work

1. Depending on the design of the house, choose suitable system rafters.
2. If the rafter system is hanging, then the rafter legs are assembled in advance. And after the assembly is completed, the resulting rafter triangles are mounted on the two extreme structures of the truss system. Next, proceed to the installation of adjacent rafters.
3. We lay the mauerlat (support beam) on the load-bearing walls, provided that the house is made of blocks or bricks, but if the building is built of beams or logs, then you can use the top bar as a mauerlat.
4. Mauerlat is attached to brick walls on pre-walled threaded metal rods. They should be installed in steps of a meter and a half. This will make the structure more durable and stable. In this case, the diameter of such rods must be at least 10 mm.
5. Before installing the Mauerlat on brick walls lay a layer of waterproofing (roofing material can be used for these purposes). It is attached to bolts with washers.
6. If the walls are made of foam concrete or ceramics, then before installing the Mauerlat, their surface is poured with reinforced concrete 20-30 centimeters high.
7. Mauerlats are installed parallel to each other to avoid irregularities during the installation of the truss system.
8. Before installing the rafters, it is necessary to make markings on the Mauerlat using a pencil and a ruler.
9. Rafters are made in accordance with the length of the slope, which can be determined by the Pythagorean theorem, based on already built tongs.
10. When calculating the length of the rafters, it is necessary to take into account the presence of an overhang, therefore, another 50 centimeters are added to the calculated value.

The length of the overhang depends on personal preferences for the appearance of the roof, but it is not recommended to make it less than 50 centimeters, otherwise it will not fulfill its functions - protecting the walls of the house.

Supporting the diagonal rafter leg on the Mauerlat

1. The lower end of the rafter should have a hole that will create a perfect attachment to the Mauerlat. This cut should be made 1/3 of the width of the rafter.

In order not to be mistaken with the location of the cutouts, you can prepare a small drawing, where you mark all the necessary values.

1. With a hanging system of rafters, they are attached to each other on metal plates or bolts.
2. They are fixed with jibs, dismantled after completion of work.
3. Next, the filly is fastened, which will form the overhang of the roof.
4. After the installation of the filly and rafters, they proceed to the installation of the crate and massive durable boards to the ridge.
5. If we are talking about layered rafters, then the assembly begins with the installation of the bed. Supports are attached to it.
6. This is followed by the installation of a ridge beam, fixed with jibs.
7. And in the end, rafters with a length exceeding the length of the beam are mounted on the beam.
8. The type of lathing is chosen depending on the roofing.
9. Any roof, including a gable one, should be provided with a layer of hydro and vapor barrier. And in the presence of a warm attic, there is also a heater.

Multi-gable roof

The multi-gable roof is also gable, and differs from the gable roof in a large number of slopes and the presence of valleys. Their device is a rather complicated and time-consuming process. Valleys are the junctions of two slopes when an internal corner is formed. In such places, accumulations of snow form and a large load can lead to the destruction of the structure. When organizing such a roof, it is imperative to provide for the organization of the descent of water and snow in the form of gutters.

When arranging valleys, it is mandatory to use waterproofing materials to avoid leaks and the formation of rot on the wood. The lathing in the place of such internal corners is made solid, regardless of what it is for the selected roofing. All joints should be done with high quality, without the possible formation of cracks, so that there are no vulnerabilities.

Multi-gable roof truss system

To install such a roof, it is necessary to correctly calculate all the dimensions of the house and draw a small roof plan, on which you indicate where the skates will be located, and where the valleys will be located. This will help to correctly calculate the length of the rafter legs.

Do-it-yourself gable roof: construction, truss system, etc.

Do-it-yourself gable roof: calculation, choice of materials, detailed instructions.

Multi-gable roof

Classic variants of truss systems with two or four slopes are gradually giving way to more modern ones. technical solutions. To please the consumer, designers, together with construction companies, are creating roofs that are more and more bizarre in shape. One of the most striking examples is the multi-gable roof truss system. In its configuration, it stands out from the standard design solutions.

Appearance

The roof of the classical form has several gentle slopes. In the multi-gable version, an additional element is embedded in one of the slopes. It's called a tong.

Frame from wooden beam rectangular section

A tong is an insert consisting of two slopes that connects the truss structure with the frame of the house. A multi-gabled roof may have more than two gables.

Top view of various options roof execution

Important! The frame for a multi-gable roof has a more complex structure than that of gable roofs. It will take much more time to manufacture and assemble it. Labor costs and the amount of required building material will increase.

Positive and negative properties

A multi-gable roof is a complex truss system. It has a number of properties that make it in demand in the construction market:

Positive

• Strength. The frame is assembled from strong, well-prepared elements. Each of them has a high margin of safety.
• load bearing capacity of the entire frame. Thanks to the thoughtful and reliable geometric shape of the multi-gable roof, it can withstand significant wind and snow loads. A roof with this shape is suitable for installation in climatic regions with unpredictable and aggressive weather.
• Ease of maintenance. A multi-gable roof has a large angle of inclination of the slopes. Thanks to this, debris does not accumulate on the surface. Therefore, there is no need for systematic cleaning.
• Ergonomics. Each gable is an additional living space. This allows better use free space private house.
• Interesting appearance. A complex roof will decorate any house, giving it uniqueness and recognizability against the background of other buildings.

Negative

• High cost of materials and labor. For the construction of a multi-forceps roof structure you will need a lot more building and finishing materials than for the installation of classic options.
• High chance of leaks. There are many junctions and joints in the outer surface of the roof. Each of them is weakness where leaks can occur.
• High difficulty for do-it-yourself work. There are many elements in the design of the roof. It is easy for an inexperienced builder to get confused in them.

Important! Minor disadvantages are easily leveled by significant advantages of this truss system.

Components of the frame

To assemble a multi-gable roof, several basic elements are used:

Roof device

• Mauerlat is one of the main elements of the frame. This bearing beam on which the rafter "legs" rest. It evenly dissipates the load from the roof along bearing walls or column poles. In low-rise construction, the Mauerlat is made from a rectangular or rectangular wooden beam. square section. Mauerlat is constantly subjected to significant loads. Therefore, a bar with a section of at least 150 × 150 mm is used. It is mounted on pre-prepared anchor bolts.
• Rafters - load-bearing elements installed at an angle to each other. Each rafter consists of two prefabricated parts. They are installed along the ridge. Rafter "legs" take the load from the roofing carpet and precipitation. They are attached to the Mauerlat with gashes, corners or staples. The upper part of the rafters is connected into one node with a ridge run.
• Racks are load-bearing elements installed vertically. Usually rafter "legs" or ridge runs rely on them.
• Struts - props for rafters installed at an angle.
• Endova - the junction of two adjacent slopes. It serves to drain rainwater. Snow and water can accumulate in the valley. Therefore, the frame near it is reinforced with additional supports or double rafter "legs". In places where the valley passes, a continuous crate is installed. The roofing carpet is reinforced with an additional layer of waterproofing. Then a special bar is mounted on top, along which rainwater flows.

Valley load

• An edge or ridge is a knot connecting the upper part of two adjacent slopes.
• Sheathing - structural elements that are fixed perpendicular to the rafter "legs". A roofing carpet is laid on it.

Frame calculation

To ensure the necessary strength and rigidity of the roof, it is necessary to make a complete calculation of all elements. Due to the complexity of the design, it is not recommended to carry it out on your own, it is better to contact a specialized design organization, where they will provide all the necessary documentation and a finished drawing.

The multi-gabled roof, complex in shape, looks harmoniously on cottages of any configuration and size. It allows you to get a unique residential building that will attract the admiring glances of neighbors and passers-by.

Multi-gable roof truss system drawing, video

Classic variants of truss systems with two or four slopes are gradually giving way to more modern technical solutions. To please the consumer, designers, together with construction companies, are creating roofs that are more and more bizarre in shape. One of the most striking examples is the multi-gable roof truss system.

A multi-gable roof, with all the complexity of calculation and installation, is especially popular in our country. Its complex, geometrically perfect appearance evokes persistent associations with wooden architecture: high towers, carved platbands and shutters. Although simple roof shapes are cheaper and more convenient to maintain, well-designed gable roofs offer ample opportunity for original architectural design and use of interior space.

Pros and cons of a multi-gable roof

Many advantages pitched roof numerous and obvious

• opportunity rational use internal volume;
• overlapping of buildings complex in terms of;
• attractive appearance;
• variety of architectural solutions;
• a large angle of inclination allows you to effectively drain water;
• a thick layer of snow does not accumulate;
• equally well suited for houses made of stone and wood.

The multi-gable roof features a wide variety of options

At the same time, the complexity of the design determines its disadvantages:

• the need for competent design, great sensitivity to the correct installation;
• not every type of roofing is suitable;
• high material consumption due to the large area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe slopes;
• the need for an extensive drainage system;
• high cost due to the use of numerous additional elements.

Features of the design and device of a multi-gable roof

Gable is an architectural term for the top of a building bounded by two slopes. The simplest gable roof option is a gable roof. More complex forms of multi-gable structures are formed as a result of intersections of slopes.

Bearing elements of a pitched roof - rafters that transfer weight and operational loads to the walls of the building

Gable roof

Historically, the gable roof is the most popular final construction of individual residential buildings. Her virtues:

• a significant angle of inclination, which allows organizing effective water drainage;
• ease of installation, rational load distribution scheme;
• well-developed schemes of nodes for connecting elements;
• ease of maintenance due to the optimal device;
• service life is limited only by the durability of the roofing;
• ease of repair and reconstruction;
• a significant internal volume allows you to arrange attics and exploited attic spaces;
• the highest ventilation efficiency through the end walls.

The use of a gable roof allows you to arrange terraces and balconies at the ends of the building, as well as provide significant overhangs to protect the walls of the building from precipitation.

The load-bearing frame of a gable roof can be made using two types of load-bearing elements: rafters and roof trusses. The first option is more common, the second is used for large areas of the base of the roof, significant spans and operational loads.

Rafters can be designed:

1. Hanging. This means that at the point of connection they do not have a support that transfers the load to the supporting structures of the building.
2. Layered. Such rafters have additional support in the form of a run, which, in turn, is mounted on vertical racks.

In order for the rafter system to correctly perceive horizontal rapier loads, the hanging rafters are connected with a puff or a crossbar, and the layered rafters with a scramble

Laminated truss systems are more reliable, designed for heavy roofs and significant snow loads. Hanging rafters are used to organize an attic room or an exploited attic.

Types of gable roof trusses

A truss (from Latin firmus - strong) is a building structure that allows, through the use of straight elements connected by hinge joints, to eliminate bending loads.

The device of trusses reduces the weight of the supporting frame of the roof, increases the allowable spans, and reduces the consumption of materials. In addition, roof trusses can be assembled on the ground and then lifted up, which increases the assembly accuracy and simplifies installation.

Farms are used to cover a large unsupported span

Ready-to-install truss trusses can be ordered from the factory, which guarantees the quality of workmanship and the stability of the geometry. Structures made of premium wood can be successfully used for buildings without a top floor, insulating only the upper roof plane, since the exposed elements of truss trusses are very decorative and popular in loft or rustic styles.

In order to organize an additional floor - an attic - in the internal volume of the roof, it is necessary to use trusses with direct views of the lattice, leaving a gap in the middle of the structure. The angle of inclination of such a roof should be increased accordingly.

For device attic floor use special attic types of trusses

One of the most common forms of a multi-gable roof is a hipped roof.

Four slopes diversify the architectural design of buildings and increase the under-roof space

This option is formed as a result of the intersection of two gable roofs. The spatial layout of this design includes a valley (groove) - an inner corner.

It is this element of the truss system that is the reason for the technological complexity of a multi-gable roof, complicates the calculation and installation of roofing parts. Providing the main drainage from the roof surface, the valley must be performed at a high level, since construction errors can result in leaks and violations of the integrity of the coating.

Simple types of roof truss systems can be implemented with little or no additional metal parts.

A special case of a hipped roof is the variant with dormer windows. In this case, the building can be square or rectangular in plan, only the shape of the roof changes.

Dormer windows help to organize the attic more rationally or improve the lighting and ventilation of the attic.

Other types of multi-gable roofs

In addition to the simplest symmetrical options, multi-gable roofs allow you to combine types, for example, use hip and hip endings, form different kinds intersections of slopes, each of which may include dormer windows.

The non-standard design of the dormer windows and the change in the angle of the slopes form the original architectural forms

Especially often, various combinations of a hip multi-gable roof are used for single-storey buildings of a large area, since rational organization space requires sophisticated corner layout, and drainage from a long roof is easier to organize using valleys.

The angular layout of a one-story building can be the basis for the use of a multi-gable hip roof with dormer windows

Buildings with a plan view of the letter P, G or T can only be designed using a multi-gable roof. Hip slopes are a popular solution, as they allow you to get rid of gables.

A hip multi-gable roof is used for buildings of complex shape with an unused attic

For wooden multi-storey buildings, mansard multi-gable roofs of complex shape with dormer windows are often used.

Multi-pitched roofs with a large angle of inclination allow you to arrange several levels of the attic inside the under-roof space

Multi-gable roof truss system

The main feature of the truss structure of a multi-pitched roof is the internal ribs of the intersection of slopes, valleys. Depending on the angle at which the slopes adjoin each other, the nodes for connecting the elements of the truss structure are designed.

The rafter systems of symmetrical multi-gable roofs are easier to manufacture with layered rafters

The installation of the valley and the adjoining of the rafters to it are not very difficult, provided that modern woodworking tools are used and a preliminary calculation of the roof is used.

Video: installation of a truss structure with a valley

The junctions of the two parts of the roof can in the simplest case be implemented using only wooden elements and precise adjustment of the corners.

In the truss system of a multi-gable roof, to form an internal angle of junction of the slopes, valley rafters and shortened truss beams are used

For more complex options roofs that cover large areas and carry significant operational loads, metal corners and plates are used. It is imperative to carry out calculations of the bearing capacity of such structures and develop detailed layout plans for rafters, girders and other load-bearing elements.

A well-executed project of a multi-gable roof is a guarantee of structural strength and a long service life.

The choice of roofing for a multi-gable roof

Since the construction of a multi-gable roof has internal ribs, numerous junctions and intersections of slopes with each other, the roofing must meet the following requirements:

• be easy to install and process, cut without problems at arbitrary angles;
• be completed with a large number of additional elements;
• allow to arrange a complex drainage system;
• be designed for installation on roofs with a large angle of inclination.

Proper roof construction requires the use of a variety of additional elements.

Based on these criteria, we can conclude that slate, ondulin, corrugated board are of little use as a coating for multi-gable roofs. The dimensions of common slate sheets are 0.98x1.5 and 1.13x1.5 m, ondulin - 0.95x2 m, corrugated board 1.15x6 m. Their advantage is a significant coverage area, which is most evident in the roof with a slight slope and simple geometry . In the case of a complex structure with intersections of slopes, there is a need for trimming, and here the advantages turn into a disadvantage: a lot of waste occurs, the fit becomes more complicated. And also these roofing materials are characterized by a large profile height and an increased overlap of sheets, which in some cases makes it impossible to properly install the extensions and drains.

The exception is a simple gable roof, in which there are no internal corners and dormer windows. Of the additional elements, you only need a ridge, a ventilation frame and gutters. Trimming in this case will be minimal, material consumption will not increase.

In the case of a complex multi-pitched roof, preference should be given piece materials: ceramic, cement-sand and slate tiles. The small size allows you to rationally fill the most complex forms with minimal trimming waste. A large number of additional elements makes it possible to connect and intersect roof elements with reliable waterproofing and drainage.

Ceramic tiles allow the most rational and technologically efficient roofing for complex variants of multi-gable roofs

Metal tiles and soft bituminous tiles can also be considered as roofing material, provided that all technological nuances are observed. For a metal tile, the correct implementation of the valley node is critical. For this are required:

• reinforcement of the lathing at the place of installation of the valley, it is optimal to make it continuous;
• the use of several layers of waterproofing over the crate;
• installation of the inside of the valley;
• sealing the joints of the roofing material with silicone;
• installation of the outer part of the valley.

Bituminous soft tiles require a continuous sheathing of sheet material throughout the roof area and under-roof ventilation. In inside corners be sure to use additional waterproofing - a valley carpet.

Features of roofing roofing materials

The complexity of the geometry of multi-gable roofs requires careful fitting and trimming of the roofing material and additional elements for precise connection between them. However, if you have a detailed project, you can mount the roofing with your own hands. Of course, this work requires accuracy, accuracy and adherence to the laying technology recommended by the manufacturer.

The metal tile is mounted using special self-tapping screws coated to protect against corrosion. It is easier to calculate the amount of base material and additional elements in a specialized program, since the complex geometry of the roof requires numerous trimmings.

The layout of sheets of metal tiles on slopes of complex shape generates a significant amount of waste due to trimming

Particular attention should be paid to the correct installation of the valley elements, ridges and junctions with vertical structures, since the reliability of the roof waterproofing depends on this.

Video: installation of a valley as part of a metal roof

For houses with more than two storeys, especially with complex roof geometry, it is highly desirable to install a drainage system from the roof.

Piece ceramic, cement-sand and polymer coatings were originally designed for installation on roofs of complex geometry. They are easy to use due to small size. Their only drawback is their rather large weight. Therefore, the roof sheathing must be reinforced, and during direct installation it is necessary to evenly distribute the prepared stacks of tiles over the entire surface of the slope so as not to overload the structure.

During installation ceramic tiles important to calculate required amount material and prepare it for laying, evenly distributing it over the surface of the roof

Laying soft bituminous shingles on a complex roof is the easiest because of its light weight, flexibility and ease of processing. However, it requires mandatory preparation of the roof: the installation of a solid base made of OSB or moisture-resistant plywood, the installation of a lining waterproofing carpet, additionally reinforced at the bends of the slopes (skates and valleys).

Under soft tiles need to equip a solid base

Options and methods for finishing a multi-gable roof from the inside

Depending on how it is planned to use the under-roof space, the finishing method is chosen.

If the attic is unused or technical, it is enough to simply sheathe it with OSB building board along the bottom surface of the rafters.

The roof of the dwelling must be insulated. To do this, the heat-insulating material is mounted between the rafters using a counter-beam, which is installed perpendicular to the rafters. Sometimes it is installed in parallel, with an offset to the inter-rafter gap. From the side of the room, the insulation is closed with a vapor barrier membrane. And only after it you can mount the front trim. The selected material can be attached to the counter beam or an additional rail or metal profile can be applied.

Installation finish coat along the rail allows you to provide an additional ventilation gap for better ventilation of the insulation

For attics or one-story houses without attic floor in the loft style, a truss system partially open from below can be used.

At the same time, the roof is insulated and sewn up, and parts of the wooden roof trusses protruding into the room are covered with decorative impregnation or paint.

Wooden trusses can be used in the interior as an independent decorative element.

A popular type of finish is wood paneling - clapboard, planed board. It is used in interiors of country and rustic styles. Wooden Decoration Materials are sewn onto the counter-lattice along the rafters, which allows all parts of the roof structure to be well ventilated. Twhich sheathing additionally increases the rigidity of the structure and improves its thermal insulation properties.

Wood cladding accentuates the complex broken roof shapes

Finally, the attic room can be sheathed with magnesite slab or drywall, and then painted in any color. To do this, across the rafters after installing the insulation and vapor barrier are sewn metal profiles, to which the selected sheet material is screwed.

Monochromatic light-colored paint visually expands the attic space

Variants of projects of houses with a multi-gable roof

Since there are a huge number of options for combinations of types of roofs as part of a multi-gable roof and the architect's imagination is limited only by the technological subtleties of the selected roofing material and the financial capabilities of the customer, building projects are diverse and numerous.

Photo gallery: projects of buildings with multi-gable roofs

A simple four-pitched roof option is often chosen for one-story L-shaped buildings.
Multi-forceps hip roof can be used for a house with an annex in which a garage or workshop is arranged
The large gable roof angle allows for the design of an attic floor
In the architectural solutions of country cottages, a multi-pitched roof with partial overhanging of the slopes can be used.
The number of slope crossings is limited only by the imagination of the architect

It is better to understand what architectural possibilities a multi-pitched roof provides, building projects allow. For example, with the help of a hipped roof, you can arrange a second light in the living room of a one-story house.

The living room of this house has a large ceiling height and glass area.

The building is cruciform in plan, covered verandas are located on the short sides, and the central intersection of the slopes makes the living room twice as high as the rest of the premises and adds light. Private and public areas are rationally separated. The second part of the one-story building is occupied by a garage with technical rooms.

The original architectural solution diversifies the volumetric layout of a one-story cottage

It is convenient to use a multi-pitched roof with a large angle of inclination for the construction of attic rooms. This allows you to save materials due to the absence of an attic floor, as well as create an attractive exterior of the building.

A high multi-gable roof harmoniously looks on T-shaped buildings of a small area

The first floor is larger than the attic in area and is a public area: there is a living room, dining room, kitchen and only one bedroom. The living room has a second light.

The layout of the first floor rationally uses a small area of ​​​​the house

On the attic floor, two small bedrooms and another bathroom. The space under the slopes is used for large built-in wardrobes.

Part of the attic floor is occupied by the second light of the living room

Multi-gable roof - great option for a private developer. It allows you to rationally use the internal volume, has many design options. At correct installation frame and roofing such a roof will last for many years. At the same time, its attractive appearance both from the outside and from the inside makes it possible to develop the exteriors and interiors of buildings with high decorative and operational characteristics.

The construction term "multi-gable roof" defines a house roof structure that has several gables or gables more than one. A multi-gable truss roof is designed as a complex pitched rafter system. Thus, if there are several gables or gables near the wall of the building, the roof of such a design can be called a multi-gable roof. Original roofing systems can be found not only at historical sites, in ancient manors or castles. Building fashion has carried the demand for multi-gable roofs into the present day, and now most private cottages are being built with such roofs. Companies offer customers a wide variety of projects of complex truss systems, which are the basis of gable roofs, even if the construction is expensive.

Functional load of a multi-gable roof

Such a roof performs many tasks - from technical and operational to aesthetic and design. Therefore, the project must be worked out in all directions, all elements and parts of the gable roof with their own hands must have high precision and reliability. It is also desirable to make design changes to the project that make the roof of the house unlike other structures.

Even a standard gable roof with two gables can be attributed to multi-gable structures, but the roof will be called a two-gable roof. When developing a scheme for a roofing system with paired gables or gables, the roof acquires a complex multi-gable orientation.

The complex rafter system of a multi-gable roof is quite feasible on its own, subject to all building rules and recommendations. Before the final choice of the project scheme, you should at least superficially familiarize yourself with different options arrangement of multi-gable roofs, photos of which are presented below in the figures:

A complex multi-gable roof has the right to life in the following non-standard situations:

1. If the style of the building requires compliance with the solidity of the architectural composition;
2. If one or more buildings are attached to the main building;
3. If it is decided to decorate a rectangular or square house with additional gables;
4. During the construction of recessed windows, loggias, balconies on the roof;
5. If the requirements for the attic do not provide for enhanced natural daylight;
6. Also, a multi-gable roof is being built in houses with a large number of residential and technical premises. It can be low-rise residential buildings or a one-story house of a large area. large area.

Design pros and cons

The architecture of the building only benefits from the construction of a multi-gable truss system.

The advantages of such a structure are enough to make a choice in its favor:

1. Unusualness, originality, aesthetics and harmony of a building with a multi-gable roof are immediately visible;
2. The design is reliable and durable precisely due to its complexity - multidirectional fastenings of rafters and gables, due to numerous stiffeners, level all types of loads - lateral, impulse, shock, weight and wind, and also negates the influence of atmospheric phenomena, such as heavy snow or deg. Snow swells will not be held on steep roof slopes, so it is necessary to design a reliable storm sewer with high throughput;
3. The presence of several gables is a great opportunity to equip one or more additional residential or technical premises on the top floor;

Negative moments influencing the choice of project:

1. The high cost of the system due to the large number of building materials, complex construction work and construction time;
2. The construction of such a system involves a lot of scraps of roofing materials, and other waste building materials;
3. The complex geometry of the roof makes it necessary to calculate the dimensions of the parts with a high degree of accuracy, for which it is easier to use an online calculator. It is not recommended for non-professionals to mount the structure - it is more reliable to contact a regional construction company;
4. high-quality waterproofing is necessary, especially at internal joints;
5. Great pressure on the valley in winter.

Design nuances

Typical projects of houses with a multi-gable roof include pitched system rafters with a slope to the walls of the building. This allows you to effortlessly ensure rain runoff and snow melting. The structural elements that make up roofing device, the following:

1. A slope is a fragment of a roof without bends and turns;
2. Gable (pediment) - upper fragment outer wall, whose boundaries are determined by the slopes of the roof. There is an insignificant difference between a pediment and a gable: gables do not have a cornice at the bottom;
3. Endova (groove) - internal corner connections roofs that appear at the joints of the slopes. At the end, the valley ends at the border of the pediment. The valley is the most loaded part of the roof structure, as snow and rain flows constantly accumulate in the inner corners (see photo above). During construction work, it is she who needs to be given special attention in order to avoid problems associated with the appearance of leaks in the future.
4. Edge (ridge - a horizontally located joint, which is formed by connecting adjacent slopes;
5. The overhang provides connection of a roof fragment with a width of 300-500 mm. The main function of the overhang is to protect the building from rain and snow, the maximum possible drainage of rain and melt water;
6. The drainage system diverts water from the roof into the drainage system;
7. The junction is a fragment of the junction of the slopes with the outer wall.

1. Skate;
2. Gable detail - wind or end rail;
3. Lower valley;
4. Upper valley;
5. Dropper - eaves plank;
6. Snow retention bar;
7. adjoining plank;
8. Ventilation shaft cover;
9. Ebb on the window;
10. Fronton L-bar for the outer corners of the roof;
11. Soffit;
12. Ventkanal sheathed with profiled sheet;
13. Window in the attic;
14. Wall J-channel;
15. Gutter.

Step-by-step process for building a multi-gable roof

The assembly of a multi-gable roof is carried out in compliance with the requirements specified in the project. The steps are:

1. First, it is necessary to systematize climate data in the region; climate data - they will be useful in calculations and in the preparation of project documentation;
2. Project development and calculation of building materials, project budgeting. This step is quite difficult to do on your own, so do not be stingy - put the work in the hands of professionals. It is also recommended to pre-compile a list of building materials, their quantity and approximate dimensions;
3. The first practical step is to mount the Mauerlat around the perimeter of the outer walls of the house;
4. Installation of vertical supports and fastening of horizontal girders to form a ridge;
5. Assembly of support beams that determine the shape of the transition and docking of the slopes;
6. The truss structure is reinforced with struts for a more even distribution of loads;
7. Parts are fastened with metal hardware - steel plates, staples, threaded studs or anchors;
8. On the rafters on the outside, a frame of slats is assembled for attaching the roofing material.

The design of the frame is determined by the choice of roofing. During installation soft roof it is better to mount a solid frame, without gaps. If the roof is covered with hard roofing materials(metal tile, corrugated board, corrugated board), it is allowed to make gaps between the slats or boards in the frame.

Protection against moisture and heat loss

Waterproofing materials in rolls are very easily rolled into strips and overlapped (overlap - 100-150 mm), perpendicular to the slope. The joints of the rolls are sealed with a special adhesive tape or construction tape. Joints and seams on the valleys need to be sealed especially carefully - with two or three layers of tape or adhesive tape.

If the laying of waterproofing layers was carried out with violations technological process, with the use of low quality materials, then you should expect the corresponding consequences - moisture will collect under the roof, the heat-insulating layer of the roof will get wet, they will rot and mold wooden beams and rafters.

A couple of decades ago, glassine and roofing material were the most popular material for roof waterproofing, but time and technology do not stand still. Innovative waterproofing membrane coatings (films) are able not only to retain their performance characteristics much longer, but also to comply with the requirements for environmental friendliness and safety of people living in the house.

When assembling a multi-gable roof, additional unoccupied space appears in the attic, and it can be equipped with residential or technical utility rooms. In view of this additional opportunity to expand the space, the roof must be well insulated and protected from atmospheric moisture. Mineral wool and other similar heaters - perfect solution For complex roofing because they can take any form. A layer of soft heat insulator prevents the formation of "cold bridges" - it is in them that moisture first appears. For the manufacture of mineral-based thermal insulation, basalt or glass are best suited. The advantages of these materials for surface insulation are obvious:

1. Low weight insulation;
2. High fire safety and fire resistance (NG group);
3. Environmental friendliness of operation.

Mineral wool also absorbs noise, which is important for all residents of the house.

How much does it cost to build a multi-gable roof

Drawing up a project, costing estimates and the amount of building materials, time and labor costs - all these parameters can only be calculated with a high degree of accuracy by professionals. An independent approach to such a responsible business can result in significant financial losses. Therefore, you should not save on the services of specialists - your costs will pay off handsomely.

If the structures are designed and built in compliance with GOST and SNiP, then the result will be as follows:

1. The house will look neat and beautiful, I spit on no one else's design will make it unique;
2. Long-term resistance of the roof to atmospheric phenomena and other loads is provided;
3. Housing will acquire additional free space, which you can equip at your discretion.

The cost of building a multi-gable roof and carrying out preparatory work(drawing up a project and other necessary documentation) depend on the quality and cost of consumables, the complexity of assembling structures, the level of employment of workers. Therefore, the approximate cost can be determined only after all the prerequisites for construction have been met - calculation of materials, design, hiring a team of professional workers.