Application of bituminous mastic. Waterproofing the foundation with bitumen mastic How to treat the foundation with bitumen mastic

Technoprok offers special coating liquid rubbers that are easy to use,

bituminous mastics for foundation waterproofing

with your own hands or by strangers, not very experienced, but easily and reliably, to "Hurrah!"

To get it right do the waterproofing of the foundation with your own hands, we recommend paste-like mastics Elastomiks and Elastopaz, as well as bitumen-polymer primer PazPrimer or Technoprok primer.

These are high-quality eco-friendly materials produced in Israel at the Pazkar plant. In Russia, these materials are called one-component liquid rubber, in the West they are classified as cold water-based bitumen-polymer mastic.

Do-it-yourself foundation waterproofing video materials

To better understand how do-it-yourself bituminous waterproofing of the foundation is performed and what are the rules for independent work with bitumen you need to know, see 2 slide shows.

The first shows the repair of the waterproofing of the foundation (dug out a year later), and the second - foundation waterproofing with bituminous mastic at the construction stage.

The first slide show (70 photos) clearly shows how to do the waterproofing of the foundation with your own hands. You can see all stages:

1. priming with bitumen-polymer PazPrimer;
2. foundation waterproofing with bituminous mastic;
3. protection and thermal insulation of waterproofing;
4. insulated blind area.

Here, the repair of the waterproofing of the foundation was shown, since during the construction for some reason it was decided that the cottage was located on a dry site, with a low level of groundwater. But six months later in the spring, the owner of this house realized that he also needed foundation waterproofing.

The trench was dug narrow, so the option of automated application of liquid rubber was not possible. Decided:

make waterproofing the foundation with your own hands with bituminous mastic

Please note that not just bitumen is used, but water-based bituminous mastic modified with polymers, and applied cold, without heating.

Now watch another slideshow showing the bituminous waterproofing of another foundation. Here, the option of automated application of liquid rubber was not possible due to the large number of formwork props. Therefore, it was decided to waterproof the foundation with Elastopaz bituminous mastic. The work was carried out in the fall of 2014 by the Technoprok dealer in Kazan.

In the video, in both cases, paste-like mastic is used in buckets, which is applied by hand. For automated application, no longer mastics are used, but emulsions. These are materials under the trademarks Rapidflex and TECHNOPROK, for the application of which special equipment for waterproofing is used.

How to make bituminous waterproofing of the foundation with your own hands

Bitumens are resinous products, which are a mixture of hydrocarbons and their nitrogenous, oxygenated, sulfurous and metal-containing derivatives. Already several thousand years ago, ancient people noticed that bitumens are insoluble in water, and this makes them good materials for waterproofing. The ancient Egyptians, Babylonians and Indians of South America used natural bitumen for waterproofing structures for various purposes, including foundations.

But today, the reserves of natural bitumen are mostly exhausted. However, mankind has long since learned how to obtain artificial bitumen. These are residual products of oil, coal and shale processing. The composition of artificial bitumen is very similar to natural bitumen and they are widely used in the production of waterproofing materials.

Let's try to figure it out, in relation to the waterproofing of the foundation with our own hands, what is the difference if bitumen or bituminous mastics Elastopaz and & Elastomiks are used.

Bitumen is a hard material, so it must be liquefied to become ductile and flowable. And then it can be used for waterproofing building structures. The traditional method involves heating the bitumen with the addition of solvents.

Everything is much simpler and more convenient, faster and absolutely safer if you use not ordinary bitumen for waterproofing the foundation, but cold applied water-based bitumen-polymer mastic. Foundation waterproofing with bituminous mastic Elastomiks or Elastopaz does not require any heating or special skill or experience.

All that is needed is to open the bucket, mix and apply with a spatula or roller or brush to the surface. This is the elastic foundation waterproofing with mastic bituminous cold application.

Another huge plus of these materials is that they are environmentally friendly, do not contain solvents.

Technoprok offers modern water-based bituminous mastics instead of foundation waterproofing with bitumen. The mastic coating is more elastic and durable than the bitumen itself. Accordingly, no evaporation of solvent vapors, no odors.

Thus, the bituminous waterproofing of the foundation with liquid rubber mastic Elastopaz or Elastomiks is environmentally friendly and fireproof, elastic and with excellent adhesion, durable and seamless. All this guarantees reliable waterproofing for many years.

Therefore, if you decide to use bitumen for waterproofing the foundation, then it will be correct, convenient, safe, environmentally friendly, reliable and durable to use not just bitumen (or cheap bituminous mastic on solvents), but to waterproof the foundation with mastic bituminous polymer cold water-based liquid rubber Elastopaz.

Technoprok offers not just bituminous mastic for do-it-yourself foundation waterproofing, A liquid rubber, i.e. water-based cold bituminous paste modified with polymers. Unlike conventional bitumen, Elastopaz and Elastomik, when dried, form an elastic waterproof coating on the concrete surface of the foundation.

Apart from base waterproofing mastics, we also offer profiled membranes. This is a film that simultaneously protects the waterproofing coating from damage and ensures the drainage of the foundation.

You can buy bituminous mastics for foundation waterproofing and other building materials and equipment from the range of Technoproc, either directly by contacting the Moscow office, or from Technoproc dealers and partners in Russia.

If you need to make waterproofing the foundation with your own hands 100% reliably, then there is a reason to learn more about liquid rubber at Technoprok. You will like our "bitumen"!

Foundation waterproofing with bitumen or mastic, bituminous or liquid rubber

Consultations of Technoproc specialists will help to understand Is foundation waterproofing necessary? for a particular object and what it should be. We will explain how to make a reliable foundation waterproofing.

We will tell you what will be more profitable and rational: buy materials from us and do the waterproofing of the foundation with your own hands, or we will hire a contractor. In many cities of the country, Technoprok has authorized partners who specialize in waterproofing foundations with bitumen mastic or bitumen emulsion.

In 2004, Technoprok LLC was the first and only company supplying liquid rubber in Russian Federation, then from Canada.

Since then, we have mastered our own production of liquid rubber in Russia, and since 2008 we have started supplying bituminous mastic and emulsion from Israel to Russia.

By 2015, she had accumulated a significant amount of knowledge and skills regarding waterproofing with liquid rubber. We sell environmentally friendly materials and provide technical support to our customers.

We will help and teach you how to properly apply liquid rubber for do-it-yourself bituminous waterproofing of foundations and other building structures. Thousands of professional builders and ordinary consumers throughout Russia have appreciated the quality of Technoprok products and know that on the site you can learn a lot about waterproofing with liquid rubber.

Coating waterproofing is one of the most common methods for waterproofing a foundation, which is due to the ease of applying mastics, the absence of seams, the possibility of using complex configurations on building elements and mechanized application (sprayed waterproofing).

The main disadvantage in the use of these materials is shrinkage, which can lead to rupture of the waterproofing. The mastic is applied from the water pressure side (on the clamp), and before backfilling, the coating waterproofing requires mandatory protection, which can be made in the form of protective walls, using flat drains (profiled membranes), thermal insulation (XPS), etc.

Coating waterproofing should be used mainly to protect against capillary (ground) moisture and soil water in draining and low-moisture soils, when groundwater is 1.5-2 m below the basement floor level. With hydrostatic head, it can be used if the pressure does not exceed 2 m for waterproofing from bituminous mastic and 5 m for waterproofing from bitumen-polymer mastic.

Coating waterproofing from pure liquefied bitumen is not recommended due to insufficient durability of bituminous coatings.

Waterproofing thickness

Bituminous or bitumen-polymer mastic should be applied 2-4 layers. The total depends on the depth of the foundation (see table).

Due to the fact that they are applied in a liquid state, compliance with the design thickness of the waterproofing layer plays a decisive role. In this regard, the control should include measurements of the thickness of the coating in wet and dry conditions. Wet film thickness is controlled with a comb or disk, dry film thickness is measured with universal thickness gauges.

The disadvantage of mastic coating is that it is difficult to achieve a guaranteed thickness of the insulating film, especially on large slopes and uneven surfaces. Therefore, it is necessary either to carefully prepare the surface, or to increase the consumption of material. Both lead to an increase in the cost of coverage.

Consumption per 1 m2

Consumption of coating bituminous waterproofing in 2 layers - 2.0-2.5 kg / m2

Interlayer intervals

Each layer of bituminous mastic is applied only after the previous one has completely dried or hardened. If the subsequent layer of mastic is applied over the wet previous one, this may lead to delamination or lack of necessary adhesion of the mastic coating to the base.

A waterproofing layer made of mastic is considered dry if its surface is not sticky for inspection. The drying time of the mastic layer depends on the composition of the bituminous mastic, temperature and humidity, both the ambient air and the base.

Waterproofing device (technology)

Foundation preparation

• The base for coating waterproofing must be solid and solid, with rounded (radius 3-5 cm) or chamfered corners and edges. In places of transitions from a horizontal to a vertical surface, fillets (fillets) should be made to ensure smooth mating of intersecting planes.
• A concrete surface with a large number of shells from air bubbles in order to prevent the formation of bubbles bursting after 10-15 minutes in a freshly applied mastic layer is rubbed with fine-grained cement mortars from dry building mixes.
• For mastic waterproofing, “scallops” with sharp and prickly protrusions, which form at the joints of formwork sheets, are especially dangerous, which must be removed.
• The base surface is cleaned of dust, dirt, debris.
• The surface to be waterproofed must be dry.

Substrate moisture- the most important indicator of surface readiness for applying bituminous mastic. The presence of moisture leads to the formation of blisters or delamination of the mastic from the surface.

Permissible surface moisture for bituminous (bitumen-polymer) mastic should be no more than 4%. Water-based mastics can be applied on damp (up to 8%), but not wet substrates.

The simplest test for moisture involves laying a 1x1 m polyethylene film on the prepared concrete surface. If condensation does not appear under it in 4-24 hours, then applying bituminous waterproofing is possible.

Primer application

• To improve the adhesion (adhesion) of the mastic to the concrete surface, the prepared base is primed (with a ready-made bituminous primer).

The primer can also be prepared from bitumen (grades BN 70/30, BN 90/10, BNK 90/30) and a rapidly evaporating solvent (gasoline, nefras), diluted in the ratio
1:3-1:4, by weight or bituminous mastic with a heat resistance above 80 ° C, diluted to the desired consistency.

• The type of primer (primer) should correspond to the applied mastic.
• The primer composition should be applied over the entire surface in one layer, at the junctions along the grout from a cement-sand mortar - in two layers.
• Bituminous primer is applied to the surface with a roller or brush. The base, dried after priming, is ready for the start of the coating waterproofing device.

Applying mastic

• Bituminous mastic is applied to prepared surfaces humidifying side (water pressure side).
• Mastic is applied in layers with a roller, brush, spatula, or in bulk. Each layer should be continuous, without breaks, of uniform thickness, parallel stripes. The direction of applying bituminous mastic is from bottom to top.
• The next layer of mastic should be applied after the previous one has hardened and dried (no traces of binder should remain on the attached tampon).

Reinforcement of waterproofing

In places of junctions and junctions, where cracking is possible, at the locations of cold joints, identified cracks in monolithic concrete and so on. defects coating waterproofing needs to be reinforced.

The fiberglass material is recessed into the first layer of mastic and rolled with a roller, which ensures a tight fit of the panel to the base without the formation of voids under it. After the "bituminous mastic - reinforcing material" system has dried, a second layer of mastic is applied. The overlap of a strip of fiberglass or fiberglass on both sides of the axis of the problem area must be at least 100 mm.

The presence of reinforcing material in the waterproofing coating leads to the distribution of the tensile load over the entire insulation strip, reduces the elongation of the material at the crack opening, which ensures its continuity, reliability and durability of the waterproofing.

Backfilling of walls with coated waterproofing should be carried out only with soft soil; in this case, a protective coating (screeds, walls) is not required.

Bituminous waterproofing universal and most affordable opportunity to protect the foundation, roof and other elements of the structure of moisture. To extend the service life of brick, reinforced concrete And monolithic structures, and to prevent moisture from entering, and therefore reduce the likelihood of dampness and mold inside the house, the use of waterproofing material is required.

Bituminous waterproofing is a common, simple and inexpensive way to carry out the necessary measures. The bitumen itself is waterproof and, most importantly, it is completely immune to the damaging effects of moisture.

The low cost of materials has great importance, ease of use is valued no less: for example, bitumen-based foundation waterproofing does not require special equipment or professional skills. The ease of use of bituminous waterproofing significantly reduces labor and related costs.

Bituminous waterproofing main types:

bitumen - technical materials, obtained by distillation of crude oil during oil refining and exist in many forms and types. Bitumens are dark viscous liquids or semi-solids that are non-volatile at ambient temperature and gradually soften when heated.

1. Hot bituminous waterproofing.

Hot bitumen is in a liquid state, strictly observing the precautions, hot bituminous waterproofing easily spreads over the surface and is smeared with a special rope mop.

Cold pieces of bitumen before starting work on waterproofing are heated to its melting temperature. Only when hot, the main technical qualities and properties of bituminous products are revealed, guaranteeing reliability and practicality. It's not all smooth sailing, and hot bituminous waterproofing comes with serious drawbacks that make bitumen use not always appropriate on a construction site in a residential area.

1. A foul odor resulting from the formation of acrid and thick smoke when heated. As the smoke settles, black soot accumulates everywhere, forming a lot of problems in its cleaning. Of course, soot is removed with chemical compositions, but this will require additional finances, and most importantly time and people.
2. Hot bitumen poses an increased danger, increasing the likelihood of a serious thermal burn in combination with a chemical one. The resulting wounds heal with difficulty and take a long time to fully recover.

When cooled, the bitumen becomes viscous and gradually hardens, making it impossible to carry out work. If it is not possible to constantly maintain the required bitumen temperature, the liquid phase must be applied as quickly as possible to the treated surface.

As we know, building bitumen, when cooled, first becomes viscous, and then simply hardens. The cooled bitumen phase cannot be qualitatively and evenly distributed over the surface. A specially equipped vehicle, a bitumen truck with the possibility of body heating, leaves for objects with a large scope of work.

More often on site a special, allotted area is organized for heating bitumen. This approach greatly simplifies the activities carried out for the installation of reliable bituminous waterproofing.

2. Cold bituminous waterproofing

A distinctive feature of cold bituminous mastic is that it is applied evenly on a pre-prepared surface (with primary treatment with bituminous mastic). In the production process, ready-made diluted bituminous compounds are used.

It is important to take into account that waterproofing works are carried out on a dry surface. The object is pre-dried, the remaining moisture must be wiped dry and only then applied to processed surface.

What materials should be used?

1. Bitumen. During oil refining, individual substances, as a result of oxidation after the distillation of hydrocarbons, fall into the residual product. When applying bituminous waterproofing, it is necessary to comply with the requirements fire safety, since bituminous materials belong to the class of combustible and flammable substances. The ignition temperature of bitumen is from 220 °C.

2. Bituminous rubber mastic. Mastic includes bitumen and organic solvents; it does not require heating and is ready to use. It is applied to the surface in several layers. You can use it to protect pipelines and other technical. Waterproofing mastic is an economical and high-quality product.

3. Primer (bituminous primer) is a thin mixture of bitumen and rubber; it is made on a water basis, which makes it easier to work with the interior space. Since light capillary waterproofing can be applied independently.

The bituminous primer has a purpose in waterproofing mainly as an adhesive coating the surface before laying one sheet on another. It meets the requirements for an adhesive for bonding roofing material on bituminous roofs. Bitumen primer is a deep penetrating product, it dries quickly and guarantees a secure fixation of waterproofing materials.

4. Bitumen latex waterproofing emulsion is a thin compound of two mutually soluble liquids (bitumen and water), while bitumen is dispersed in water in the form of particles with a diameter of 540 microns. The latex in the emulsion acts as a filler, which increases the strength and elastic properties of the material.

The emulsion is applied mechanized way using an airless sprayer. Bituminous latex emulsion waterproofing is durable (more than 45 years) due to the uniform structure and stability of the emulsion properties, good latex and bitumen compatibility and resistance to aggressive liquids (solutions of sulfuric and nitric acid, sodium sulfate, chlorinated lime, etc.). )

Waterproofing bituminous sheet of roofing material is used for roofing and to protect the foundation. The material is characterized by a non-degradable base made of polyester, glass cloth and fiberglass. The material is impregnated on both sides with bitumen, which is mixed with a plasticizer. Thanks to this combination of materials, it is elastic and resistant to cracking.

How to apply primer and putty

The primer should be applied to a clean wall with a brush or roller. After drying, it can be applied again if a significant part is impregnated with the wall surface.

Bituminous mastic is applied with a brush or spatula. After the first layer has dried (about a day), it is better to add another one to improve the quality of the insulation.

Application of bituminous waterproofing putty

To apply hot bituminous mastic, the latter must be heated to 80 ° C, so that it is easy to apply and penetrates well into all cracks and irregularities. For cold mastics, heating is not required, they are immediately ready for use, but they are more expensive than the first option. Cold mastics require heating at an ambient temperature of 0°C. They are made of furyl, epoxy and other synthetic resins.

Before waterproofing using bituminous mastic, the surface should be treated with a mixture of bitumen and solvent. The compound is then applied by brush, roller or more fast way- using a sprayer or gun. The flame spray method involves the application of at least two layers with a time interval of about 15 hours. Thus, the thickness of the bitumen should be 2 mm.

Bituminous foundation waterproofing

One of the most readily available methods of waterproofing the foundation to this day remains measures to protect concrete using the bitumen treatment technique. Recently, bituminous mastic and bituminous emulsion (primer) are increasingly used for this purpose.

The composition of the mastic includes directly bitumen and an organic solvent, the resulting primer composition does not require heating and is ready for use. Pre-priming with a primer increases the guarantee and confidence that the bituminous waterproofing will last for a long time.

The primer is a fine mixture of bitumen and rubber, it is made on a water basis, which makes it easier to work with it in confined spaces. As a light capillary waterproofing, it can be used without additional protective compounds.

How to apply primer and mastic

Apply the primer with a brush or roller on a clean wall. After drying, it is desirable to apply the composition a second time, provided that a significant part of the layer has been absorbed into the wall surface. In our approach, the first layer of primer will act as a primer before applying the mastic.

Bituminous mastic is applied with a brush or a spatula, probably applying with a spatula will seem inconvenient to many, but with experience it becomes easier. After the first layer has dried (it takes about a day), it is better to apply another one, this will increase the quality characteristics of the insulation. Builders recommend applying even three layers, but it may be superfluous if you did not skimp on the first two.

When working with mastic, it is strongly recommended to use a respirator, without neglecting the regular replacement of filters. There were cases when, because of the old filter, the employee felt uneasy, and had to stop work.

Also, to facilitate the application of mastic, it is recommended to dilute it with white spirit to the consistency of thick sour cream, this not only facilitates the work process, but also reduces consumption.

Advantages and disadvantages of bituminous waterproofing

Undoubtedly, modern technologies offer many innovative waterproofing methods that are not inferior in quality to bituminous mastic. Nevertheless, bituminous waterproofing remains the most affordable, and if the customer is limited in budgetary funds, and the workers do not have special skills, then this method of organizing waterproofing is the most optimal.

For waterproofing, polymer-modified bituminous membranes and bituminous paints are used, which often contain a specialized reduction bitumen product integrated with relatively few other materials. Emulsified bitumens, which can be applied at low or ambient temperatures, have largely replaced reduction bitumens for this application.

The advantages of waterproofing with coating using bituminous mastic are as follows:

• low material cost;
• performance of work does not require professional skills;
• good resistance to mechanical damage;
• the ability to easily coat curved sections and complex surfaces.

The negative sides of bituminous mastic include an unsightly appearance and the fact that it “flows” from direct hits. sun rays, however, bituminous waterproofing is not an art object, so this minus has no significant complaints.

Boiling bitumen breaks out of the bitumen truck.

The main disadvantages of bitumen coating consist of unsightly appearance and an unfortunate fact - bitumen "flows" in the sun. Builders note another disadvantage - problems with applying other materials to bituminous mastic, such as plaster or paint, however for thermal insulationthe above-ground part of the foundation can be covered (preferably with a recess of 60 - 70 cm), and it is already easy to putty or plaster.

The method described here is easy to perform, even with a lack of basic knowledge and skills. It is proven over the years and the most reliable a method of bituminous waterproofing of the foundation, which has been used for many years and continues to be used. If you wish save budget, do not hire a professional team, but simply use bituminous mastic.

The described method is easy to use, even without basic knowledge and skills, it remains a fairly reliable and proven waterproofing method that has been used for many years and continues to be used to this day.

Do-it-yourself bituminous waterproofing using roll material video review:

Starting construction, first of all, you should take care of a reliable foundation on which the building will be erected. Indeed, the duration of the service life of the structure erected on it will depend on the reliability and durability of the foundation.

And if the geometric parameters, such as the width and depth of laying, are determined by calculation after studying the geological conditions at the construction site and calculating the loads from the building being erected, then waterproofing is chosen, as a rule, depending on the ability to reliably resist the penetration of moisture into the material from which the foundation is built , as well as the complexity of its application and cost.

The leading position among all other types of waterproofing today is occupied by various mastics based on bitumen. And this is no coincidence.

Here are just the main advantages of bituminous mastic used as waterproofing:

1. Bituminous mastic has excellent adhesion to any building materials. Thanks to this, it perfectly fills all the bumps, cracks and voids, literally tightly sticking to the foundation.
2. Mastic creates a reliable barrier between groundwater and foundation material, being waterproof and resistant to erosion.
3. Over time, such waterproofing does not collapse under the influence of moisture, retaining its properties for many years.
4. Due to its high elasticity, the mastic is not afraid of shrinkage. small movements of building structures do not lead to a violation of its integrity and do not require repair or replacement.
5. The bituminous binder is not subject to eating by woodworms, bacteria and fungi. Mastic is resistant to mold and does not support the spread of microflora.
6. Waterproofing based on bituminous mastic does not require special skills for application and can be performed by people who do not have experience in such work.
7. Bituminous coating is much faster than other types of waterproofing.

The disadvantages of mastic include the time required for complete hardening, and the appearance of microcracks over time in mastics of the lower price range.

What are bituminous mastics?

All waterproofing mastics produced today are usually divided into "cold" and "hot". As can be understood from this division, they differ in the temperature of the mixture when applied to the foundation.

Hot mastics are heated to high temperature in special containers, after which it is applied to insulated surfaces.

A feature of "hot" mastics is the need for special equipment for heating, special requirements for the skills to perform such work, knowledge of how to safely perform all operations associated with applying a hot composition, the risk of burns if the bitumen mixture gets on open areas skin.

As a rule, mastic is applied hot in industrial construction, which requires large volumes of waterproofing work.

Much less demanding on skills and much safer when working with them so-called. "cold" mastics.

They do not pose a danger when it comes into contact with the skin, they have a consistency ready for use. Only in winter period slight heating may be required to improve fluidity.

Mastics can be either water-based or solvent-based. Therefore, they should be diluted to a more liquid state by precisely those means. on the basis of which the mastic is made. As a rule, this information is printed on the product label.

Mastics can be one-component, the composition of which is immediately ready for application, and two-component, when a certain amount of hardener must be added to the mastic before application, which starts the polymerization reaction of the mastic.

Two-component formulations should be used after preparation quickly enough until the mixture has hardened. One-component mastics do not require haste and are also suitable for work the next day and a week later.

It should also be borne in mind that some mastics polymerize, turning into a kind of soft plastic, while others remain quite elastic.

According to the materials included in the composition, mastics are:

• bitumen-mineral;
• bituminous rubber;
• bituminous rubber;
• bitumen-polymer;
• bitumen-latex;
• bitumen-oil;
• primers.

Mineral bituminous compositions include crushed natural minerals: dolomite, chalk, limestone, asbestos, up to 20% of total weight. In addition to the mineral component, the composition includes a plasticizer - lakoil or a solvent.

IN bituminous rubber mastic is used as a filler powder from the smallest rubber dust, which gives not only higher waterproofing properties, but also additional plasticity. This type mastics, despite the low cost, has a rather long service life of 15-20 years.

Mastic bitumen-rubber sufficiently elastic, has excellent water resistance and excellent adhesion. At a low consumption (0.8-1.5 l per sq.m.), this type of mastic perfectly protects even rather porous foundations from ground moisture. There is no need to apply a preliminary primer.

Bitumen-latex mastics differ in that they are diluted with ordinary water and are one-component formulations that can be used even when low temperatures. Before applying such a mastic, it is desirable to treat the wall with a primer, which can be prepared on the basis of the same composition, diluting it with water in equal proportions.

Oil-based bituminous mastic has improved frost resistance and is diluted with organic solvents based on gasoline or white spirit.

Primers are not independent waterproofing compounds, but are used as a preparatory layer that improves the adhesion of the mastic. It differs from mastic in a much more liquid consistency and is applied a few hours before the main waterproofing.

What qualities should a mastic have?

In order for waterproofing to serve you faithfully for many years, protecting the foundation from getting wet and destroyed, bituminous mastic must have certain qualities. Here are just the main ones:

• the composition must be elastic and spread well when applied;
• the composition of the mastic should not contain harmful substances released during the operation of the structure;
• the consistency should be homogeneous without foreign inclusions, debris and air bubbles;
• the applied composition should easily fill the existing irregularities and have high adhesion;
• during operation, the composition should not change its physical and chemical properties.

The most popular today are TechnoNIKOL, Grida, Gidrolux, Icopal and some others mastics.

Mastics TechnoNIKOL

TechnoNIKOL produces several types of bituminous mastic for waterproofing foundations. One of the most popular types is the AquaMast waterproofing bituminous mastic for foundations - a completely ready-to-use material with mineral additives.

Mastic consumption is 1 kg/sq.m. coated surface.

AquaMast allows you to protect foundations made of concrete, reinforced concrete, wood or metal structures.

Water absorption within 24 hours does not exceed 2% by weight. Heat resistance - not less than +80°C.

Application of mastic is allowed at outdoor air temperature from -10°С to +40°С.

Hardening time to olipa - 24 hours. Available in 18kg, 10kg and 3kg containers.

The price of TechnoNIKOL AquaMast mastic is 80-90 rubles / kg.

The TechnoNIKOL company produces a wide range of mastics for internal and external waterproofing, for roof protection, as well as for sealing potholes in building structures.

Mastic MGH-G "Grida"

Another popular mastic on the domestic market is Grida brand mastic, under which cold waterproofing mastics are produced to protect walls, roofs and foundations.

Cold mastic MGH-G allows its application at an ambient temperature of up to -10°C.

The mastic is applied in 2-3 layers 1 mm thick with an interval of 5-6 hours. Between the layers, it is recommended to lay glass fabric as a reinforcing material.

MGH-G mastic is dissolved by xylene, toluene, white spirit and other similar solvents.

Consumption of MGH-G mastic - 1l / sq.m.

Other brands of Grida's mastic are used for other types of work.

MEBIS used for external and internal waterproofing of industrial and civil buildings.

Mastic rubber-bitumen MGH-T used for gluing roll materials and repairing roof waterproofing.

Mastic bitumen-rubber MGH-K- for repair and waterproofing of a mastic roof.

Mastic anticorrosive MGH-T- for waterproofing metal structures, incl. foundations.

Mastic bituminous MGH-P It is used for gluing expanded polystyrene to surfaces made of various materials.

Bitumen mastic is offered under the Bitumast brand, completely ready for use. The composition is easily applied with a roller, a spatula or a brush.

The mastic is applied to a dry, cleaned surface, previously treated with a primer at an ambient temperature of at least +15°C.

Characteristics of masticBitumast

Name of indicator	Meaning
Drying time of one layer at 20 C, h	no more - 24
Mass fraction of non-volatile substances, %	at least - 50
Dry residue softening point, С	not less - plus 70
Adhesion strength with concrete, MPa	not less than - 0.2
Strength of adhesion to metal, MPa	not less than - 0.2
Water absorption within 24 hours, % by weight

When the foundation of any structure is erected, care must be taken to protect it from the influence of soil and atmospheric moisture, which can eventually destroy even the most reliable building materials. Therefore, from the choice protective composition depends on the long-term operation and strength of the entire building.

The most common and affordable protective agent is bituminous mastic for. This material, like all other types of waterproofing, has its own physical, technical and operational characteristics, application features, own virtues and disadvantages that must be kept in mind when choosing it for subsequent work.

"Pros" and "cons" of bituminous mastic

It should be immediately noted that the advantages of this material are much greater than the negative qualities. Of the "pluses" of such waterproofing, the following can be distinguished:

• Due to the high elasticity of bituminous mastic, excellent adhesion is provided between it and the surface of the foundation walls, and in this regard, the material reliably protects the building structure from moisture penetration and erosion caused by it.

• In addition, elasticity keeps the waterproofing layer intact during shrinkage of the structure and cracking of the material during a long service life.
• Bituminous mastic prevents the occurrence and development of corrosion processes of the metal elements of the foundation, which also significantly extends the life of the building.
• The composition protects the material of the foundation walls from the appearance of mold and other colonies of unwanted microflora.
• Mastic penetrates well into the pores of the wall material and fills its cracks.
• The ease of applying this composition to the walls allows you to do this work yourself, since the waterproofing process does not require special skills. The main thing is to make sure that even very small areas that are not covered by processing remain on the surface in the course of the work.
• The advantage of mastic over other waterproofing materials can also be called the speed of coating.
• Bituminous mastic can also be used as an adhesive for mounting rolled waterproofing material.
• At correct selection of this material, it is possible to work with it at almost any temperature.
• All bituminous mastics have affordable price, so you do not have to find large sums for their acquisition. In addition, the mastic is consumed quite sparingly, and it will not take too much.

Among the shortcomings of this waterproofing material, one can single out the duration of polymerization of the composition applied to the surface, which makes it necessary to transfer subsequent operations until the waterproofing layer has completely solidified. However, this factor can hardly even be called a disadvantage, since having provided for it, you can plan in advance the time for performing insulation and finishing at a later date.

Another possible “minus” is that some low-quality mastics can dry out and crack over time. Therefore, it is very important to choose the right material, guided by not only price criteria.

Varieties of waterproofing mastics

The main types of bituminous mastics

Bituminous mastics are divided according to various criteria, therefore, when choosing this material for waterproofing the foundation, it is necessary to carefully study the attached instructions, which contain information about its composition and application technology.

1. Mastics on a bitumen basis are divided according to the features of the technology of their application to the surface. There are two main varieties of this process - "cold" and "hot" application.

• On sale you can find many brands of "hot" bituminous mastics, but they are united precisely by the fact that before applying to the wall they must be warmed up, brought to a certain temperature. "Hot" mastics can differ in heat resistance, that is, in the maximum temperature to which they need to be heated to reach the desired state in order to be used as an adhesive for rolled material, or as an independent coating waterproofing. It should be noted that the manufacturers of this material are not recommended to mix mastics with different characteristics.

The so-called "hot" mastics are used mainly by professional builders, since it is necessary to adhere to a certain process technology and, in order to avoid serious injuries, strict adherence to safety regulations. If there is no experience with such compositions, then it is better to contact specialists or use the “cold” version of the coating material to create a waterproofing layer.

Goodhim bituminous mastic prices

Mastic bituminous Goodhim

You can also notice that this type of waterproofing is most often used when the building is being built in regions with harsh winter conditions.

• Cold bituminous waterproofing compounds are also produced in various options, but all of them are applied to the walls without much preliminary preparation of the mastic, except, perhaps, for its thorough mixing. However, for work in the cold season, at low temperatures, some variants of such mastics still require a certain amount of heating. In addition, it must be taken into account that only high-quality, preferably bitumen-polymer compounds produced by trusted companies are suitable for working in such conditions.

2. Bituminous mastics are produced both on the basis of organic solvents and water-soluble, depending on what components are included in their composition. In this regard, it is possible to dilute them to a more liquid consistency only with those liquids on which they were initially mixed.

3. Waterproofing mastics are one-component and two-component.

• The first option is ready for use, that is, it is enough to open the package, then mix the mixture well - and it can be applied to the wall surface prepared for this.

• Two-component mastics consist of two components that are combined in certain proportions immediately before application. Such compounds quickly set and harden, so after mixing them, you need to work with them quickly enough. Two-component mixtures have not only a longer shelf life in the closed state, but also high durability in operation. This option is convenient when work needs to be done quickly. But, I must say that, due to the high cost and complexity of use, such formulations have not won wide distribution.

4. Mastics are also divided according to the state of their hardening, since, after application, they can harden completely or remain in a semi-solid state.

5. Finally, bituminous mastics are also subdivided according to their constituent components. Today on sale you can find the following options for waterproofing compounds based on bitumen:

• Bitumen-mineral mastic includes substances such as chalk, cement, dolomite, asbestos, quartz or limestone, crushed to a fine powder - these substances make up up to 20% of the total mass of the mixture. In addition to minerals, this mastic necessarily includes a plasticizer - according to the production technology, it must be at least 5%. In cold mastics, an oil solvent or lakoil is used as a plasticizer - this is a waterproofing composition that does not harden in air, which can withstand any mechanical, vibrational and hydraulic loads without damage. In this regard, such mastic is used to protect the recessed parts of the foundation walls.
• bituminous rubber the composition, in addition to oil bitumen, contains fine rubber powder or synthetic rubber, which make the mastic more elastic. In addition, mineral fillers are included in the mastic, as well as special mineral oil as a plasticizer. Such compositions are made on the basis of an organic solvent.

This type of mastic can also be sold in powder form, and its consumption, depending on the thickness of the coating, is 1.5 ÷ 2 kg / m². The dry mixture is heated to the temperature indicated on the package before application. To do this, it is poured into a container and put on fire. This type of mastic can be called one of the most affordable, and the service life of waterproofing is 15÷20 years.

• bituminous rubber the mixture has a good viscosity, due to which the material forms a dense, elastic and reliable protective coating against moisture. This version of the mastic, like the previous one, is diluted with a solvent if necessary. The drying time of each of the layers of this coating is from 6 to 12 hours. Material consumption depends on many factors, which can include the porosity of the base material, the thickness of the applied layer, humidity and ambient temperature parameters. In general, the consumption can vary from 0.75 to 1.5 liters per square meter. For better adhesion to the substrate and the formation of a high-quality film coating, concrete wall Moisturizing is recommended. Priming with a primer for rubber mastic is not required.
• Bitumen-polymer water-based mastic includes one or more modified polymers. It does not contain organic solvents, therefore it does not have strong odors and can be used not only for outdoor, but also for internal works. Compounds containing polymers are not only an excellent waterproofing for building structures, but also become an excellent protection for walls and interior spaces from the penetration of radon harmful to human health from the soil. The drying time of this mastic on the walls is 6÷8 hours.
• bituminous latex mastic is made on a water emulsion. Latex is rubber synthesized in industrial environment and with improved performance. In most cases, this type of mastics is used in a cold state and is sold ready-made, that is, they are a one-component composition. It is advisable to prepare the wall surfaces before applying bitumen-latex mastic by treating them with a primer that can be made independently by diluting the same mastic composition with water in a 1:1 ratio. Latex mastics can be used even at low temperatures without heating.
• bituminous oil frost-resistant mastic is excellent for waterproofing external and internal recessed structures, the walls of which can be built from any materials. This mastic is diluted with gasoline, white spirit or solvent. The consumption of the oily waterproofing compound is 1÷1.5 l/m².
• bituminous primer differs from mastic in its more liquid consistency, as it is used to prepare surfaces for applying the main waterproofing layer of mastic. The primer can be made from mastic by diluting it with a solvent or water, depending on the base, to the desired consistency. This surface preparation composition is applied with a roller, brush or sprayed using a special spray gun. The drying time of such a composition on the walls, depending on the base, can be from 1 to 5 hours.

Requirements for mastics

In order for the waterproofing coating to be strong and durable, the composition of the bituminous mastic must be of high quality, and the date of its manufacture must correspond to the warranty periods declared by the manufacturer.

Therefore, when purchasing this material, it is imperative to study the label on the package, where all the necessary characteristics and information about the date of its production should be presented.

In addition to these criteria, it is necessary to take into account the following qualities of mastic:

• The waterproofing mixture must have a uniform consistency without foreign inclusions, which can create air bubbles in the applied layer, which weaken the waterproof properties of the material.
• The mastic should be flexible and easy to apply.
• The mixture during application and during operation should not release substances harmful to humans into the environment, which means that it should not contain toxic components.
• The bituminous waterproofing composition used for waterproofing the foundation must have a heat resistance of at least 70 degrees.
• Complete water resistance is one of the main qualities for any bituminous mastics.
• High adhesion of the mixture is necessary not only for good adhesion to the base, but also for reliable bonding of waterproofing rolled sheets.
• The hardened waterproofing layer must have constant physical and mechanical characteristics that remain throughout the entire operational period, in the operating temperature range indicated on the packaging by the manufacturer.

The main technological methods of applying waterproofing mastic on the walls of the foundation

The process of creating a waterproofing protective layer on the walls of the foundation is simple, but it will take a lot of time if you work manually, that is, with a brush, roller or spatula, especially in cases where the structure goes deep into the ground, which means it has a large height and total area .

Illustration	Brief description of the operation to be performed
	Starting work on the waterproofing of the foundation, it is necessary to revise it for the formation of cracks. If such flaws are found, they must be repaired, and if necessary, tightened with metal ties, consisting of reinforcing brackets with a diameter of 10-12 mm or strips 3 ÷ 5 mm thick. If cracks are left on the base, then it is useless to waterproof it with a coating, since moisture will penetrate deep into the wall through these gaps, continuing to destroy the concrete.
	You need to start the repair by expanding the cracks and deepening them as much as possible. If the crack is small, then it must first be filled with a deep penetration primer, dried, and then filled with a sealant for outdoor use. If the gap is large, then tightening elements are fixed on the wall, and then, after treatment with a primer, the crack is filled to the full depth and width with concrete or concrete-adhesive mortar. If the foundation is made of brick, then it is recommended to reinforce the entire surface metal mesh, then plaster, and only after that proceed to waterproofing work.
	Further, before applying the waterproofing material, the cleaned walls are primed with a bituminous primer, consisting of bituminous mastic and a solvent. This composition can be purchased ready-made or made independently by mixing the two components in a 1: 1 ratio.
	The primer layer is necessary, first of all, in order to create good foundation for applying the main waterproofing material. The primer will strengthen the surface by binding the remaining dust on the wall surface. It will fill the pores and small cracks, eliminating the excessive absorption of the structure of the foundation material - this will reduce the consumption of bituminous mastic and create a smooth waterproof surface for its application.
	Since the primer has a liquid consistency, it is convenient to apply it with a soft brush or brush, mounted on a long handle for the comfort of work. The primer is applied to the surface evenly, and when it is completely treated with a preparatory composition, you need to give time for the primer to dry. This process will take from 3 to 12 hours, depending on the composition of the solution and the characteristics of the base.
	After the primer-primer dries, a waterproofing coating is applied with one of the selected mastic compositions. It can be applied in one or more layers. Waterproofing applied in four layers, between which fiberglass is laid, is called heavy, and it will not only protect the walls from any moisture, but will also become a kind of additional reinforcement for their surfaces.
	Bituminous waterproofing mastic often has a fairly thick consistency, so it is often applied with a wide spatula or trowel. The mass must be evenly distributed over the wall, creating an even layer. If it is planned to apply several layers, then each of them, before moving on to the next, must be well dried. The drying time of the mastic must be indicated on the packaging of the material.
	Another option for using bituminous mastic for waterproofing the foundation is to stick roofing sheets on it. In this case, one layer of mastic is applied to the primed walls, which is usually heated before applying the canvases to it for better adhesion of the materials to each other.
	Next, before proceeding further construction works waterproofed and dried foundation walls must be covered with thermal insulation material. It will fulfill both its immediate purpose and, at this stage of work, will become a good protection for the waterproofing coating from damage.

If there is a need to carry out such work in the winter, then for waterproofing a mixture is used that can withstand application to the surface at an ambient temperature of up to -30 degrees, for example, bitumen-nairite mastic. In order to work successfully during this difficult period, it is recommended to fulfill some requirements:

• When using bituminous mastic as the main waterproofing material, that is, without the use of roll materials, the surface of the treated wall must be heated to positive temperature. For this, they are usually used heat guns, although heating with a gas burner can also be applied.
• The mastic itself should be prepared in warm rooms located at a short distance from the place of its application.
• It is impossible to arrange the waterproofing coating of the foundation in high humidity, fog, rain or snowfall.
• If it is absolutely necessary to carry out these works in the cold season, it is recommended to arrange special structures - greenhouses, which will help to achieve a positive temperature of the foundation walls.

The teplyak is a structure erected at the place of work made of timber or metal, which is tightened with a dense plastic film. Inside this building for air heating, heaters without open fire are switched on, in order to avoid creating dangerous conditions for the health and life of builders.

• When mixing mastic in equipped greenhouses, electrically heated mixers are used to heat the mixtures.
• Due to unfavorable winter conditions for work, the application of all layers of waterproofing is carried out by the so-called grips, that is, the process of applying all layers is completely carried out on one section of the foundation. Then, the greenhouse is moved to the adjacent section of the building, and work is fully carried out on it - and so on until the entire task is completed.
• The results of all work carried out in the winter period must be checked with the onset of the warm season, for the manifestation of certain defects that should be immediately eliminated.

The very process of creating a waterproofing barrier in this publication is considered briefly, but only for the reason that a separate detailed article is devoted to this issue on our portal.

Foundation waterproofing is important!

A big mistake is made by those builders who, after pouring the foundation, lose sight of the problem of creating protection for it from the effects of ground moisture. What is needed for, what requirements it must meet, and how it can be carried out on its own - read in a special publication on the pages of our portal.

Popular brands of bituminous mastics

A fairly wide range of waterproofing bituminous mastics from different manufacturers is presented on the Russian construction market, but still some of them are extremely popular.

Products of the company "Technonikol"

Mastics "TechnoNIKOL" are today, perhaps, the most popular consumers involved in private construction. These compounds are made from high quality products at the very modern equipment and meet all international quality standards.

Prices for TechnoNIKOL bituminous mastic

TechnoNIKOL bituminous mastic

Bituminous waterproofing mastics are made on the basis of solvents and water emulsions, for hot and cold application, as well as for application using special equipment and by hand.

This table lists the physical and technical characteristics of the compositions of the TechnoNIKOL brand:

Physical and technical indicators of bituminous mastics "TechnoNIKOL"	№20	№21	№24	№31	№33	№41
Adhesion strength with the base, MPa:
- with concrete	0.6	0.1	0.45	0.6	0.2	0.6
- with metal	0.9	0.1	-	-	0.25	0.9
Flexibility on a bar with a radius of 5.0 ± 0.2 mm 0С	-15	-35	-5	-15	-25	-
Elongation at break, %	100	500	-	700	900	1100
Moisture absorption during the day,% by weight	2	0.4	0.4	1	0.4	1
Water resistance during the day at a pressure of 0.1 MPa	+	+	+	+	+	+
Mass fraction of non-volatile substances, %	73÷93	50	65	50÷70	53÷65	100
Thickness of one layer, mm	1.5	1	1	1	2	2
Consumption per layer, kg/m²	2.5÷5.7	2.5÷5.7	2.5÷5.7	2.5÷5.7	3.5÷5.5	2.5÷5.7
Drying time of one layer, h, at +20°C and 50% humidity.	24	24	24	5	5	4
Temperature range of application, °C	-20 to +30	-20 to +40	from +5 to +30	from +5 to +30	-20 to +40	-20 to +40
Humidity of the base by weight, no more than, %	4	4	8	8	4	4

More detailed information about TechnoNIKOL mastics is presented in the table below:

Illustration
	Bituminous "AquaMast" is produced by Technonikol for use in various areas indoors and for outdoor construction work. The packaging indicates the purpose of a particular composition - it can be waterproofing the foundation, pools and floors in bathrooms, roofing works and other operations. "AquaMast" mastics contain oil binder bituminous substance, mineral fillers, industrial oils and solvent. Waterproofing bituminous mass for the treatment of foundations is a ready-to-use composition used for application to structures built of concrete, metal, reinforced concrete, wood, brick, buried in the ground and in direct contact with moisture.
	To create good adhesion between the waterproofing layer and the foundation material, the manufacturer recommends impregnating the surfaces with the AquaMast bituminous primer before applying it, and this is especially true if the porous construction material. Moreover, following this advice, you can significantly save on mastic and facilitate its application. The drying time of one layer of mastic is from one hour to one day, depending on some factors, which include the material for building the foundation, the temperature and humidity of the environment, as well as the thickness of the applied layer. The mastic is considered dry if its surface is no longer sticky. So that during further construction work, the waterproofing layer is not damaged, immediately after it dries, it should be covered with protective boards or heat-insulating mats. This mastic is packaged by the manufacturer in metal buckets of 3, 10 and 18 kilograms. The mastic consumption is 1 kg/m².
	"TechnoNIKOL No. 20" is a bitumen-rubber mastic, ready for use. The waterproofing material consists of several components - modified crushed rubber, petroleum bitumen, mineral fillers, processing aids and an organic solvent. After final drying, this mastic creates a coating of high strength, capable of operation in a wide range of operating temperatures, in different areas, ranging from the application of protective layers to roofing material and ending with waterproofing of various building structures, including foundations.
	The consumption of "TechnoNIKOL No. 20" for the roof varies from 3.8 to 5.7 kg / m², and for waterproofing the foundation from 2.5 to 3.5 kg / m². It is possible to carry out work on applying this composition at temperatures from -20 to +40 degrees, the drying time of the waterproofing layer is 24 hours at temperatures above +5 degrees. It is impossible to carry out work close to sources of open fire, contact with the mass on the skin and mucous membranes should be avoided. Storage of bitumen-rubber mastics should be carried out at a temperature of -20 to +30 degrees, in a place protected from light. The shelf life from the date of production is 18 months. Sold mastic "TechnoNIKOL No. 20" in metal buckets of 20 liters.
	"TechnoNIKOL No. 21" ("Technomast") - this mastic is designated as roofing, but is successfully used not only for repairing any type of roofing in combination with rolled coatings, fiberglass and as an independent waterproofing, but also for protecting all building structures from moisture . Such areas include basements, piles, foundations of houses and other parts of buildings buried in the ground and in direct contact with water. In addition, this composition is suitable for anti-corrosion treatment of surfaces made of metal - these are car bodies, pipes and other components and structures. Technomast is a ready-to-use mastic consisting of modified artificial rubber, mineral fillers, processing aids, organic solvent and petroleum bitumen. Coating layers of this material have high elasticity, heat capacity, adhesion strength, resistance to moisture.
	You can work with Technomast mastic at an ambient temperature of -20 to +40 degrees. If the air is heated to a temperature below +5 degrees, then before applying the composition must be kept warm for at least a day. Under favorable conditions, the drying time of the mastic layer is no more than 24 hours. It is impossible to work with this composition if there is an open fire nearby, and when applying mastic, it is necessary to protect the eyes and open areas of the body. The solution is sold in metal buckets of 20, 10 and 3 liters. The consumption of mastic when used for roofing is 3.8 ÷ 5.7 kg/m², and for protection against moisture of foundations 2.5 ÷ 3.5 kg/m².
	"TechnoNIKOL No. 24" ("MGTN") - this waterproofing mastic is a mixture consisting of bitumen, mineral fillers, solvent and technological additives. This type of mastic does not contain polymers, therefore its elasticity is somewhat lower and there is no relative elongation, therefore the mastic belongs to rigid waterproofing coatings and is not suitable for working with metal. Mastic is designed specifically for the protective coating of wooden, concrete and reinforced concrete surfaces. Other data on this material are given in the table above.
	"TechnoNIKOL No. 31" is an aqueous emulsion of petroleum bitumen, technological additives, modified artificial rubber, and mineral fillers. The material has high adhesion to any surfaces, resistant to moisture, elastic and heat resistant. Since the composition is made on the basis of water, it does not contain mineral solvents. In this regard, such mastic can be used for indoor waterproofing works - balconies, bathrooms, pools, basements and others. However, the material is also used for the repair of roofing, as an independent waterproofing, and in combination with roll sheets or fiberglass.
	TechnoNIKOL No. 31 is also excellent for protective coating of foundation walls and other structures buried in the ground. This waterproofing mastic, ready for use, has some application features. The solution must be mixed well before starting work, and then applied to a dry or slightly damp surface cleaned of contaminants - the main thing is that it is not wet. Coating surfaces can be done with a spatula or a wide brush. An aqueous solution is applied at an air temperature of +5 to +30 degrees, and drying of one layer of waterproofing takes no more than 5 hours. The final coating will gain strength after seven days. The consumption of the composition "TechnoNIKOL No. 31" is 3.8 ÷ 5.7 kg / m² when waterproofing the roof, and 2.5 ÷ 3.5 kg / m² when applied to the foundation walls. The mastic goes on sale in metal buckets of 18, 9 and 2.7 kg.
	"TechnoNIKOL No. 33" is a bitumen-latex mastic made on the basis of an aqueous emulsion, which also includes modified polymers. The composition does not contain mineral solvents. This type of material is also suitable for waterproofing both foundations and roofs, as well as for indoor floor areas. Mastic does not require preparation before use and is suitable for manual and mechanical application. When deciding to use special equipment for surface treatment, spraying is possible only in conjunction with a 10÷12% solution of calcium chloride, which means 4 kg of crystalline substance per 25 liters of water, which is added to the mastic in proportions of 1:8. Mastic is sold in barrels of 200 liters, and its consumption is 4.5 ÷ 5.5 kg / m² for roofing, and 3.5 ÷ 4.5 kg / m² for waterproofing foundations.
	"TechnoNIKOL No. 41" - this "hot" waterproofing mastic is considered roofing, but it is quite possible to use it to seal potholes and cracks in concrete screeds and reinforced concrete slabs, coating foundations made of concrete, metal, various blocks, as well as to protect pipelines. This version of the mastic is made from modified polymers, mineral fillers and petroleum bitumen. When applied, it creates a durable one-piece coating, providing reliable waterproofing of the structure.
	Before starting work, "TechnoNIKOL No. 41" must be prepared. To do this, dry mastic is placed in a container and heated to 160 ÷ 180 degrees, after which it is applied to the surface primed with a bituminous primer with a brush. Application works are carried out at air temperatures from -20 to +40 degrees. This product is sold in paper bags with a siliconized inner layer inside. The net weight of the bag is 30 kg. The shelf life of the material from the date of manufacture is 18 months.
	Bitumen-polymer mastic MKTN is a composition used in a cold state. It consists of petroleum bitumen, modified artificial butadiene styrene thermoplastic elastomer or its modifications, solvent, filler and technological additives. Mastic is used for arranging and repairing roofs, as well as for waterproofing basement walls and foundations, as well as other building structures that are buried in the ground and are constantly exposed to moisture. The material has not only waterproofing qualities, but also anti-corrosion, therefore it is often used for protective treatment of metal structures and parts, not only in construction, but also in car repairs. Mastic consumption is 3.8 ÷ 5.7 kg/m² for roofing, and 2.5 ÷ 3.5 kg/m² for foundation waterproofing. The material is designed for use in the temperature range from -200 to +300 degrees, and its drying time under normal conditions is no more than a day. The warranty period of mastic from the date of manufacture is 18 months. It goes on sale in metal buckets and barrels of 20 and 50 liters.

Bituminous mastics from other manufacturers

In addition to the well-known domestic brand TechnoNIKOL, other manufacturers also present their products on the Russian market, which include Oil Bitumen Plant, GidroLux, Icopal, DonIzol, Grida and others.

The characteristics of some of them will be presented in tables.

Physical and technical indicators of bituminous mastics	"MGH-G"	"MGH-K"	"MGH-T"	"Darkie"	"MEBIS"
Moisture absorption during the day, no more,% by weight	0.5	0.5	1	0.2	0.5
Conditional viscosity, not less than, seconds	21	15	15	20	14÷28
Adhesion strength with concrete, not less than, MPa	0.3	0.4	1.5÷3.0	0.15÷0.1	0.4
Softening temperature, ° С	70	130	100	80	100
Drying time of one layer, hours	24	12÷24	24	12÷24	12÷24
Depth of needle penetration at 25ºС, 0.1 mm	15:20	12÷20	15:20	15:20	12÷15
Mastic consumption, liter / m², with a layer thickness of 2 mm	1	0.8÷1.0	0.8÷1.0	2.5÷3.0	0.25÷0.5

And about the same compositions - a little more:

Illustration	Brief description of material features
	Mastic MGH-G "Grida" is a composition that is ready for use and does not require heating. The homogeneous mixture consists of petroleum bitumen, mineral filler and organic solvent. A similar composition is intended for external waterproofing of various building structures, including those buried in the ground, except for those that will be exposed to a thermal effect exceeding 70 degrees during operation. Work on applying this composition is carried out at an air temperature of at least +10 degrees, on a surface that has been previously cleaned and primed with a bituminous primer.
	MGH-G mastic is quite thick, and is often applied with a spatula. If it is planned to work with a brush or roller, then the mixture must be diluted with an organic solvent, the amount of which should not exceed 25 ÷ 50% of the mastic volume. As a solvent, you can use petroleum solvent, white spirit, turpentine, xylene and similar organic compounds. If the mastic for waterproofing is used without additional materials, such as roofing material, then it is recommended to apply 2 ÷ 3 layers of the composition to the foundation walls, allowing each of them to dry from 6 to 24 hours if the ambient temperature is at least +20 degrees. Complete drying of the coating occurs one day after the application of the last layer. If the work is carried out at low temperatures, then the drying time increases. Mastic goes on sale in metal buckets of 20 liters.
	MGH-K "Grida" is a bitumen-rubber composition, ready for use, which consists of crushed crumb rubber, petroleum bitumen, resin acids, synthetic thermoplastic polymer and organic solvents. The ingredients that make up the mastic in the complex give it elasticity, which is not lost at temperatures from - 35 to + 130 degrees. Waterproofing material is used for application to the roofing surface, foundations, and other parts of the outer parts of the building. Due to its balanced consistency, the mastic penetrates well and covers various surface imperfections, such as chips, cracks and crevices. If the damage is wide, then the mastic is used in combination with a reinforcing fiberglass mesh. The strength and adhesiveness of this type of mastic is so high that it is used even for patching pavement. Full list jobs that can be done with this waterproofing material can be found on the packaging label.
	If it is necessary to obtain a more liquid composition, the mastic can be diluted with one of the organic solvents. It must be remembered that the solvent can be added in a volume of no more than 25÷50% of the total mass. To protect the foundation walls from moisture, it is recommended to apply two to three layers of mastic on their surface, and each of them is best reinforced with fiberglass or fiberglass mesh. Each of the layers must be dried for at least 6 hours at a temperature not lower than 20 degrees. The final drying occurs within a day after applying the last layer of mastic. This mastic is sold in metal buckets with a volume of 2, 20, 50 liters.
	MGH-T "Grida" is a rubber-bitumen mastic, ready for application, consisting of petroleum bitumen, mineral fillers, fine rubber crumb, solvent and synthetic rubber. Mastic has excellent adhesive ability, therefore it creates a durable, waterproof, elastic coating on the surface of concrete and metal, which can be operated at temperatures from -40 to +100 degrees, that is, it is inert to temperature extremes. The material is suitable for waterproofing any surface, from roofing to basement or pool floors. The mastic is applied with a spatula, brush or roller, but in the latter applications it must be diluted. The application of this waterproofing composition is carried out according to the same principle as the MGH-K "Grida". If you have to work at low temperatures, then the mastic needs to be slightly heated in a steam bath to a temperature of 30 ÷ 50 degrees. Mastic is packaged in containers of 2, 20 and 50 liters.
	"MEBIS" is a water-based bitumen-polymer mastic used cold for waterproofing works. It is used to protect the roof, as well as other building structures, including those buried in the ground. This waterproofing composition does not contain organic solvents, so it can be safely used not only for external, but also for internal work. Mastic is suitable for protecting not only concrete and metal, but also materials such as drywall, brick, wood and plaster. In addition, this mastic is an excellent primer for preparing surfaces for further waterproofing.
	If "MEBIS" is used in this capacity, then it is diluted with water, in proportions of 1: 1. To prepare the surfaces, it is enough to apply a primer on them with a layer of 1 mm. Waterproofing is applied to the prepared wall in two to three layers, between which fiberglass is laid. Drying of each layer will take 3÷4 hours, and the final drying occurs after 12÷48 hours, depending on the temperature and humidity of the environment. The operating temperature of the material varies from -35 to +100 degrees. Material consumption depends on the quality of surface preparation, its porosity, structure and hygroscopicity. Sold "MEBIS" in plastic buckets of 5, 20 and 50 kg.
	The plant "MPK KRZ" in Ryazan produces mastic "Smuglyanka". This waterproofing material consists of bitumen, fine rubber crumb, organic solvent and technological additives. The presence of rubber in the composition of the mastic makes it more elastic, increases the adhesive qualities of the material and its resistance to temperature extremes, ground and atmospheric moisture. Therefore, this type of material is suitable for waterproofing various areas of the building, including roofs, buried foundations, and pools. If necessary, the bituminous mixture can be diluted with such solvents as gasoline, nefras, solvent, white spirit and other similar ones. This process will have to be carried out if the work is supposed to be done with a brush or roller. The consumption of such a mastic when applied to the walls of the foundation with a layer of 2 mm will be 2.5 ÷ 3 kg / m². It goes on sale in a metal container with packing of 18 kg.

Video: bituminous mastic "Bitumast" - reliable waterproofing from the foundation to the roof

At the end of the topic, it must be emphasized once again that when choosing a material for waterproofing, it is worth giving preference to well-known proven manufacturers who comply with the established quality standards for the manufacture of their products. However, no matter what mastic is chosen to protect the foundation, the waterproofing coating will be truly reliable only if all technological requirements for applying the material to the surface are met.

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