How to quickly make repairs in a new building. The sequence of repairing an apartment in a new building (48 photos). Distribution of pipes for water supply, sewerage, installation of electrical wiring. Floor screed. Black finish. Plan for laying communication networks
In modern high-rise construction, there is a popular tendency to rent apartments without repair, namely with a rough finish. Of course, in the real estate market there are new buildings with repairs from the developer.
Sometimes it is quite successful and does not require investment in the first few years, until it gets bored. In addition, this is true for monolithic and houses that shrink for several years. As for the technology of volumetric block construction, such houses do not settle, so you can safely carry out repair work in them.
How to start renovation in a new building? Many people ask this question, and it’s not surprising, because you have a lot of work ahead of you, and you don’t know where to start. Let's try to figure it out together, and focus your attention on the main stages of repair in a new building.
First of all, inspect the apartment in order to identify shortcomings and defects in order to understand what scope of work awaits you. Decide what needs to be repaired or replaced first.
We can definitely answer that the list important works fall:
- Replacing the entrance door, if necessary.
- Electrical wiring and placement of sockets in the apartment in the right amount, and it is better to decide on this right away, because you will need to ditch the walls, and then repair the defects.
- Connecting water, checking the sewer system, installing plumbing in the bathroom and toilet, namely the bathroom bowl, bidet,.
- If the start of repairs from scratch in a new building coincides with the heating season, using a thermometer, be sure to check the heating level.
Note.
It is very important to know and remember that at the initial stage of repair it is necessary to make a list of claims of the detected defects and defects, to the seller or developer. It is best if you are compensated for the expenses in a monetary amount, rather than being redone on their own.
The start of repairs in a new building with your own hands provides for the calculation and order of the stages of the necessary cases. An important factor affecting the speed of work is the financial side. By purchasing an apartment without repair, in any case, you are forced to draw up all the necessary documentation for it, and from that moment you begin to pay utility bills.
And, as you know, you need to pay for everything: for garbage collection, sewerage, gas, cleaning adjoining territory. Thus, while not yet living in your apartment, you must spend money on its maintenance. Therefore, the sooner you start repairs in a new building, the more profitable for you.
Renovation of an apartment in a new house
Approaches
When it comes to renovating an apartment in a new building, there are two different approaches.
Repair and decoration of the apartment according to the plan
Also, a good option for wall cladding is decorative plaster, for the bathroom use moisture resistant, for kitchen fit one that can be washed. There are many options for such cladding in hardware stores. Anyway. The base must first be prepared and leveled.
In other rooms, the walls can be wallpapered, there are also plenty of options for any budget. Liquid wallpaper or plaster for wall decor is also often used in apartment renovations. This cover looks amazing.
Note.
Check the double glazing window openings before starting Finishing work, adjust or replace if necessary.
For the floor, choose finishing materials to suit your taste and budget. They can be covered with linoleum, porcelain tiles, laminate, parquet or use quartz vinyl tiles. For the bathroom, self-leveling floors with various color solutions and effects. They are certainly not cheap, but they look breathtaking.
Installation and connection of lighting fixtures in rooms, selection of furniture- this is already a pleasant chore. The main finishing work has been completed. Now you can do the details and additional decor.
Note.
As practice shows, about 70% of major repairs in a new building can be done by hand without the involvement of specialists. Laying parquet board, stretch ceilings, installation of windows and doors, in most cases require the hands of professionals.
It is important to pay special attention
Work that is forbidden to be carried out if you wish to re-plan the space in the apartment
- Organization of living room and kitchen in one room.
- Entrance to the bathroom or from the living room and kitchen.
- Moving the kitchen to the living room.
- Placing a bathroom above the kitchen or living room of the neighbors below.
- Kitchen equipment of rooms without windows.
- Installation of wiring and sewer pipes in floor slabs and wall seams.
- Any work to reduce or lay the channel.
- Increasing the load force on the supporting structures.
- Transfer of heating radiators and pipes for discharge hot water, which are connected to the transfer to the general system of the house, with their removal to and balconies.
- Connection of warm floors to the general system of heating.
Repair work for which it is necessary to take permission from the BTI
- Change architectural project apartments.
- Redevelopment with the removal of load-bearing walls, partitions, pillars.
- Transferring or merging bathrooms.
Repair work that does not require a permit
Transfer to a new location of sanitary and technical equipment (stove, bathroom bowl, washbasins, toilet bowls).
- Arrangement in the load-bearing structures of doors or sealing the opening.
- Installation of double-glazed windows on and loggias.
- Installation of partitions, provided that the load on the floor slabs does not increase.
- Repair work in the apartment (cosmetics).
- Installation of new engineering devices similar to those installed.
- Installation and dismantling of built-in wardrobes and mezzanines.
- Installation of conditioners, antennas of grids of protection on houses.
- Modification of external facing of balconies and loggias.
- Transfer of gas and electric stoves.
Finally, we will mention the stylistic trends in the design of apartments, but the choice is always yours. These are classicism, art deco, hi-tech, loft, avant-garde, Scandinavian, Provence, minimalism, country.
When you receive the keys to a new apartment, euphoria is replaced by panic. Where to start? We answer this question based on 10 years, sometimes bitter, experience.
For daredevils who decide to do repairs on their own, we organized an online school for repair and decoration. To receive fresh and useful posts - subscribe to our pages in the social. networks. There we share our experience for free :)
Publication date: 2018-03-27 17:19:00
Stages of repair in a new building from scratch
Where to begin?
The more detailed the stages of repairing an apartment in a new building are determined, the easier it will be to carry out. Knowing all the basic steps, you will be ready for what kind of work awaits you. The easier it will be to determine the budget for each step.
Step 0 To begin with, any repair must be organized in advance. It is not necessary to set an "iron" framework with a strict schedule, it is enough to determine the main facts that will affect the entire schedule and the stages of apartment renovation as a whole.
Spend one evening and discuss with your family what will happen and where:
- Is rescheduling necessary?
- What kind of furniture is planned (its approximate dimensions and location)?
- What decoration will be in each room: floor and wall decoration
- Do you need pipe boxes?
It's hard on your own - order a design project from , it's not as expensive as it seems at first glance (from 350 r / sq.m.) and will save you from rework in the process.
Before planning a renovation in a new building:
The sequence of repairing an apartment in a new building
The beginning of an apartment renovation in a new building is always the purchase of basic equipment. If you decide on an independent repair, then the purchase of a tool is also added to this item.
Step 1. Construction equipment and a temporary bathroom. Buy the cheapest toilet and sink so that workers or yourself can use them without fear of ruining them. Stretch temporary light in all rooms and, if the house is already occupied, agree with the neighbors on a work schedule.
Step 2 Remodeling (if required). This also includes the removal of dismantled material, as well as the construction of new partitions.
Step 3 Replacement of windows, heating radiators and front door(If you want to). Don't forget to read our post about windows, it will be helpful for you when choosing a manufacturing company.
Step 4 Plastering works. Remember that the drying time depends on the layer of plaster and weather conditions. In this case, it is better to wait than to repaint the walls or re-paste the wallpaper.
Step 5 Wiring of electrics, ventilation and air conditioners (laying of all wires, installation of socket boxes). And yes, there is a separate post about electrics, which would also be useful to read.
Step 6 Wiring plumbing and underfloor heating (if any). Be careful here: the warm floor can be laid both in the screed and on it. Depends on the manufacturer.
Step 7 Floor screed. Make sure that in the places where the built-in furniture and the kitchen will stand, the difference is minimal.
Step 8 Bathroom and toilet. This includes absolutely all the work that is required for finishing, except stretch ceiling(if you chose it): waterproofing, laying communications, installation of a heated towel rail, bathroom, installation and finishing work.
Step 9 We're doing the ceiling. If you chose tension, skip this step.
Step 10 We prepare the walls for finishing: puttying, grouting, grinding. We decide what kind of apron will be in the kitchen: if the tile is, it's time to lay it.
Step 11 Filling the finishing layer of the floor (self-leveling floor, if required), insulation and laying floor tiles.
Step 12 Finishing slopes and installation of window sills.
Step 13 Installation of ceiling moldings (fillets) and ceiling painting
Step 14 Wall finishing.
Step 15 Installation of sockets and switches.
Step 16 Substrate preparation and flooring installation.
Step 17 Installation of interior doors.
Step 18 Installation of floor plinths.
Step 19 Stretch ceiling installation.
When choosing an apartment in a new building, housing without finishing is most often preferred. This is due to the fact that the price of such real estate is much lower than apartments with simple repairs. In addition, this is a great opportunity to perform all repair and finishing work, taking into account your own wishes, preferences and financial capabilities. Repairing an apartment in a new building from scratch has many nuances, which are detailed in this article.
Photos of interesting design solutions. The main rules and effective techniques in the design of the interior design of the kitchen, living room and hallway.
The sequence of repairs in an apartment in a new building
How to start renovation in a new building? With rough finish. These are the dirtiest jobs that are performed in all rooms at once. After that, all construction debris is removed, and the elements of the premises are cleaned of dirt and dust. This stage is also called the pre-finishing of an apartment in a new building. What kind of work we will consider in more detail:
- dismantling of windows and front door with possible expansion or reduction of openings;
- installation new door and windows;
- demolition of old and construction of new partitions, according to the project;
- chasing holes and furrows in the walls for laying communications;
- performing electrical wiring according to the plan with the installation of a shield, junction boxes, socket boxes into which the ends of the cables are inserted;
- laying low-voltage wiring (telephony, Internet, TV, security systems);
- soundproofing of the ceiling and walls;
- laying pipelines for hot and cold water supply, connection to a sewer riser;
- alignment of the ceiling and walls;
- false ceiling installation;
- puttying and priming the ceiling and walls;
- glazing and decoration of a balcony or loggia;
- floor preparation: insulation, soundproofing and pouring screed with a reinforcing layer;
- bathroom and toilet finishing.
You can make repairs in a new building on your own, but it is better to entrust it to specialists, or use the services of a certain stage. Among the large number of offers of construction organizations, you can choose the most acceptable option. The price of a rough repair in a new building with material starts from 6,000 rubles. per sq. m. and depends on the nature of the work and the types of building materials.
After completing the rough work, they proceed to the final stage of repair in the new building. It consists of the following list of works:
- wall cladding with finishing materials;
- laying flooring;
- installation of interior doors;
- fixing platbands and skirting boards;
- installation of sockets and switches;
- connection of household appliances;
- installation of furniture and decorative elements.
Helpful advice! The final stage of work is best done after several years of operation of a residential building.
Where to start repairs in a new apartment without finishing: dismantling work
Repair from scratch in a new building begins with a de installation work. Prior to the start of this stage, a new floor plan has already been prepared, which displays all the necessary building envelopes. Existing non-bearing partitions may be subject to dismantling in order to redevelop, expand or reduce the area of \u200b\u200bthe room. Usually these are partitions between rooms. They can be installed without harm to the building.
Important! Capital bearing walls are not subject to demolition, the functional significance of which is displayed in the technical passport of the room.
If desired, you can dismantle a certain part of the balcony in order to be able to turn it into a loggia with stained glass windows. Often, low-quality double-glazed windows are installed in new-build apartments, which require mandatory replacement with more expensive and reliable products. This stage also includes the device or amplification doorways. IN new apartment it may be necessary to dismantle the elements of the heating system when it becomes necessary to replace the location of the radiators.
All dismantling work can be done independently, armed with essential tool and personal protective equipment, or take the help of specialists, having studied in detail before this the question of how much repairs in a new building cost. Today, most construction organizations offer a list of services with their own prices. So, when repairing new-build apartments on a turnkey basis, the price of dismantling the wall is 300 rubles / m², windows - 500 rubles. per piece, doors - 400 rubles. per piece, radiators - 410 rubles. per piece
Installation of partitions
How do you start repairs in a new apartment with a free layout? To form the interior space of the premises, they mount interior partitions according to the developed plan. by the most the best option in this case is to use a dry building system. These are structures that consist of a metal frame sheathed with a thickness of 12.5 mm. Compared to other options, such partitions have a small mass, which does not increase the load on the supporting structure of the building.
Using this material, partitions of any configuration can be made in a short period of time. In addition, the material has good soundproofing properties. The cost of the material is 200-350 rubles. per sheet. The installation price will be 1000 rubles / m².
Helpful advice! M A shrinkage gap of 35-40 mm should be left between the ceiling and the top of the partition, which is filled mounting foam.
Another equally popular option is the installation of interior partitions from gas or foam concrete blocks. The material is characterized by a high surface quality, which does not require time-consuming plastering. For rooms with high humidity, it is better to use foam concrete, which is characterized by low hygroscopicity.
To create good sound insulation, products with a thickness of at least 75 mm should be used. In addition, thicker blocks can withstand the cantilever load well without compromising the integrity of the structure. Thanks to the large format of the blocks, the speed of installation work is increased. The cost of products is on average 800-850 rubles / m², taking into account construction and installation works - 1500 rubles / m².
A less popular option is the construction of partitions from solid building bricks, the grade of which must be at least M100. In order for the partition to be stable, its thickness must be at least 170 mm, taking into account the plaster layer. Such a partition not only occupies a significant part of the free space, but also creates an additional load on the ceiling due to high density products.
This design has high strength and increased moisture resistance. However, the construction process is very laborious, requiring a significant consumption of masonry material and plaster, which affects the overall cost of the structure. The price of works together with the material starts from 1650 rubles / m².
Electric installation work
Where to start repairs in a new apartment without electrical wiring? Wiring to the apartment starts from switchboard, which can be located on the wall or in a niche. When the electrical panel is installed outside the apartment, a cable with copper conductors should be pulled from it to the shield in the apartment. Automatic switches, a residual current device and terminal blocks are installed inside the shield.
In new-build apartments, electrical wiring is laid in a hidden way, that is, cables are mounted under a layer of plaster, in the floor under a screed, above a stretch or false ceiling. If the partitions are made of drywall, then the wires are laid in.
Before you perform electrical work, you should develop a detailed plan for the power supply of the apartment with the designation of all connection points. On the basis of the plan, markings are applied to the walls, along which holes are made. The size of the strobe depends on the number of electrical cables and wires to be laid and on their thickness. When the holes are prepared, wires are laid in them, which are fastened with special clips. Then the grooves are covered with alabaster and plastered.
Helpful advice! It is recommended that all junction boxes be left with a small margin of wire for future installations. repair work.
Electrical work can be done independently, or use the services of specialists. The cost of electrical work during the repair of a turnkey apartment in a new building starts from 800 rubles / m². For apartments with an area of 40 m², the work will cost 18 thousand rubles, with an area of 70 m² - 30 thousand rubles.
Basic rules and necessary materials for electrical work
Here it is important to follow some rules:
- at least two branches should enter each room: for lighting and sockets;
- wiring is carried out strictly horizontally or vertically without slopes and angles;
- all connections and branches of wires must be packed in insulating boxes;
- switches in the rooms should be located near the front door at a height of about 1.5 m;
- sockets are located at a height of 0.5-0.8 m;
- number of sockets for ordinary apartment with the average electricity consumption is 1 pc. for 6 m²;
- stranded wires are used for wiring copper wires with the appropriate section in double insulation;
- sockets and switches should have brass contacts, and internal parts made of ceramic.
For the installation of electrical wiring, you should purchase the following components:
- three-core VVG cable for sockets with a cross section of 3x2.5 mm², for a lighting line - 3x1.5 mm²; for connecting powerful electrical appliances - 3x4 mm²,
- main machine with a nominal value of 25-32 A;
- RCD for 50 A;
- circuit breaker with a rating of 10 A for the lighting line, or 16 A for sockets;
- sockets with a degree of protection of at least 44;
- illuminated switches;
- junction boxes and terminals for connecting wires.
Installation of plumbing communications
When wondering where to start repairing an apartment in a new building without communications, you need to understand that plumbing in an apartment is installed according to a pre-planned plan, on the basis of which necessary materials and plumbing fixtures. The distribution of pipes for hot and cold water supply can be carried out hidden in pre-prepared strobes in the walls of the room. If the thickness of the partitions does not allow such installation, then the pipes can be hidden behind plastic or plasterboard boxes, which are lined with the same material as the walls.
Today, polypropylene products are very popular for the installation of plumbing communications. It is a durable high quality material. Installation of pipelines is carried out using solder fittings. This assembly method guarantees a long service life of the product, which is able to withstand coolant temperatures up to 130 degrees. and pressure up to 12 atm.
When laying pipelines in a niche, the size of the strobe should be twice as large as the diameter of the pipes. This is due to the fact that the material of the products is characterized by a high coefficient of thermal expansion, which contributes to the bending and expansion of the pipeline under the action of high temperature coolant. The water supply system can be collector or tee. The first option is considered the most preferable. Here it is possible to install taps to shut off all plumbing fixtures.
Installation of plumbing fixtures is carried out after the completion of a rough repair. They are located in specially prepared places, near which there are fittings for connecting devices to communications. Water connection is carried out after installation of taps and other shut-off valves on the devices.
This type of work can be done by hand, or invite an experienced specialist. The average cost of repairing an apartment in a new building with materials is 50 thousand rubles.
What ceiling is better to do in a new building?
Due to the shrinkage of the house, cracks may appear on the ceilings. Therefore, you should choose the most suitable finish option, which is not afraid of such defects. How to start in a new building from scratch? by the most budget option is painting or whitewashing the surface of the ceiling. This is a justified way with a perfectly flat surface. In addition, after the appearance of cracks, you can immediately restore the original appearance of the ceiling. However, if the surface has minor irregularities, they will have to be eliminated with plaster, which is a costly, time-consuming, painstaking and messy process.
A more acceptable option is to install a plasterboard structure of any configuration with a floating frame mount, so that the integrity of the surface will not be disturbed as a result of shrinkage of the building. This solution makes it possible to free space between the coating and the carrier plate, which can be used to install fixtures or lay communications.
Note! The disadvantage of this option is the high cost of the material. In addition, the construction of a hinged structure will reduce the height of the walls by 10-15 cm.
The most popular option is to install a stretch ceiling using PVC fabric. This work is carried out by a specialized organization in a short time. As a result, you can get a perfectly flat ceiling of any color and texture. The cost of this design is comparable to the previous option, but the process is less laborious, dirty and faster. The main disadvantage of such a ceiling is its low strength. Furniture or a sharp object can permanently damage the integrity of the surface.
Another suitable option for a new building, the ceiling is finished with PVC or MDF panels. Such a coating is not afraid of shrinkage of the building. Among the wide range of products, you can choose products with imitation of expensive wood species.
Wall preparation features
The walls in the room can be made of cellular concrete, reinforced concrete, brick or gas silicate. In some cases, the developer can use reinforced concrete panels with a high-quality surface for the construction of wall structures, which need only be puttied. In most cases, the walls must be leveled with plaster.
For interior spaces it is better to use gypsum-based mixtures. For rooms with high humidity, it is advisable to use cement-sand compositions, for which a reinforcing mesh is pre-mounted. To level the surface, wall plastering is carried out along the lighthouses in several layers. The layer of plaster should not be more than 5 cm. The price of the material is in the range of 250-550 rubles. per bag weighing 25 kg.
Helpful advice! D To eliminate significant surface irregularities, it is advisable and less costly to use gypsum boards.
Before applying the plaster, the base should be primed. For slightly absorbent surfaces in the form of concrete, any primer is suitable. For walls made of aerated concrete or ceramic bricks, it is advisable to use special formulations. They help to reduce the absorbency of the base and prevent uneven setting of the plaster layer.
After the plaster layer has completely dried, the surface must also be primed twice using an acrylic composition.
Floor leveling and screed
Start of renovation in a new building. Where to start flooring? The floor in the new apartment is a bare monolithic slab, which must not only be leveled, but also insulated and soundproofed. To do this, you can use expanded clay, which has good heat and sound insulation properties. The minimum layer thickness is 5 cm.
Before performing work, all floor openings in the area of ventilation shafts and risers should be sealed with mounting foam or an adhesive mixture. Next, a layer of expanded clay is poured. You need to start from the place with the greatest depth. This layer is filled with liquid concrete, which resembles milk in consistency. Such a base dries for about a day. You can use another option and put a claydite-cement-sand mixture on the base.
Helpful advice! Before laying expanded clay in the bathroom and the bathroom, a layer of floor waterproofing should be laid with a wall approach of up to 8-10 cm.
High-quality floor preparation is the key to a long service life of the floor covering
The next step is to level the floor. This can be done using a cement-sand screed or self-leveling floor. The first option is more budgetary. The cost of a bag of 40 kg is only 150 rubles. The consumption of the solution depends on the layer of the screed. However, this option will not give a smooth and even base. In addition, the cement-sand mixture dries completely after three to four weeks, which will stretch the course of the repair work.
A more technological option is self-leveling floors. The mixture has a fairly liquid consistency, which allows it to evenly fill the entire space and take the level of the horizon.
Helpful advice! Before pouring the floor, the base should be primed twice with an acrylic primer.
The main disadvantage of self-leveling floor is its cost. A bag of 25 kg will cost about 400 rubles. In this regard, it is more expedient to use self-leveling floors when the height difference is no more than 4 cm. With a more significant difference, a cement-sand screed can be made, and a layer of self-leveling floors can be laid on top of it to obtain a more even surface at lower cost. This option is most preferable when laminate or parquet will be used as a floor covering.
Self-leveling floors dry within 5-7 hours. You can lay tiles or linoleum in 2 days, and wooden flooring- in 7 days.
There is another modern solution. This is a laying of dry prefabricated floors. The material is represented by gypsum fiber boards up to 20 mm thick, which are laid on a layer of expanded clay or other insulating material. This fast way get a flat surface suitable for finishing already in a day. However, the cost of the material is 310-550 rubles. per piece
Repair in a turnkey new building with and without materials
When buying a home in a new building, the question immediately arises, where to start repairing an apartment in a new building? It depends on the degree of suitability of the apartment for occupancy. As mentioned above, it can be free-planned, with pre-finishing or fine finishing. Depending on this, construction organizations offer to perform one of the types of apartment renovation in a new building, the price of which is determined by the list of works:
- economy;
- base;
- full.
The package "Economy" includes the following types of work:
- electrical wiring;
- installation of partitions;
- floor screed;
- leveling and budgetary finishing of the surface of walls and ceilings;
- linoleum flooring;
- installation of skirting boards;
- door installation;
- installation of plumbing fixtures on ready-made communications.
The cost of repairing an apartment in a new building will cost an average of 3,000 rubles / m². This price does not include the cost of materials. They can be purchased independently, and can also be ordered from the contractor, who usually offers materials at reasonable prices and of good quality. In this case, the price of repairs in a turnkey new building will include the cost and delivery of materials. Also here it should be borne in mind that the larger the area in the apartment, the cheaper the cost of repairs will be. square meter. So, repairs in a new building will cost an average of 155 thousand rubles,
Deciding to do overhaul independently, it is necessary to take into account additional expenses for the purchase or rental of special equipment
The "Basic" package consists of the same list of works, to which is added:
- installation of communications for plumbing fixtures;
- suspended ceiling device;
- bathroom and toilet tiling;
- installation of lighting fixtures.
The price of repairing an apartment from scratch in a new building will cost an average of 6,000 rubles / m², excluding the cost of materials. The basic repair for an additional fee can include the replacement of windows and the installation of a loggia. Thus, the complex of works in one-room apartment will cost an average of 210 thousand rubles. Repair of a two-room apartment in a new building will cost 300 thousand rubles, a three-room apartment - 370 thousand rubles.
A complete renovation involves a set of measures that can turn a bare space into a cozy residential apartment. The following activities are added to the work that is performed for the basic package:
- creation of a design project for an apartment;
- finishing the ceiling and walls with high-quality materials;
- laminate flooring;
- installation engineering communications and plumbing of any kind and complexity.
A major overhaul of a new building apartment will cost 8,000-10,000 rubles / m², excluding the cost of materials. If the cost of work does not include a certain type of installation, it can be arranged additionally for a fee.
The price of repairs in a new building with material will depend not only on the type, scope of work and area of \u200b\u200bthe room. It also takes into account the cost of specific building materials. So the price of repairs in a new building with material from the budget range will average 6,000 rubles / m². Works using more expensive materials will cost about 12,000 rubles / m². The cost of repairing an apartment in a turnkey luxury new building will cost at least 20,000 rubles / m².
Many organizations specialize in the development and implementation of exclusive design using high quality finishing materials. The price of repairs with materials for an apartment in a new building of this level will cost no less than 30,000 rubles / m².
Performing repairs in a new building without finishing requires certain knowledge and skills. The desire to save money can lead to additional costs. To get a good result in a fairly short time, it is better to entrust this matter to professionals and order a turnkey repair of a new building with materials, the price of which will depend on the personal preferences and financial capabilities of the customer.
D Easy repairs aren't always bad. If you work with your own hands, then you can save decent money on repairs! Very, very good! If you have certain knowledge, then without skills you can do a more or less decent economy class repair in a new building with your own hands. The main thing is to correctly calculate your strengths, knowledge and skills.
Here I will tell you how things really are in the repair in a new building without embellishment and exaggeration, and how to do everything from scratch and tell you step by step. I will not convince you that you are omnipotent, and you can do all the work on your own - no. There will be only the truth from a person who has undergone more than one repair. There will only be helpful information and knowledge about what you can really do on your own and cheaply, and what not. But in one article I will not fit everything I want to say, so a lot will be stated in other materials, to which links from this article will be given.
Economy renovation in a new building is a household dream!
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First of all, let's decide whether you really want to do repairs yourself, or is it better to involve specialists? Think, because you will have to face partly the unknown and whether you need to face it, because in return for savings, you will spend a lot of time and effort gaining some skills and experience. Think about whether this experience will be useful to you in the future and do you really need to do this and “save” on it?
I also recommend looking at → reviews on the Rating Repair website and understanding that not everything is so smooth with construction companies, they also mess up - this happens, and should partly instill in you confidence that you are able to perform many works on your own, without attracting specialists. Just think, maybe it's him? Can you dig and order?
Let's get to the heart of the matter. Be sure to read this article to the end, you will learn a lot! I will not convince you that you need to do the work yourself or you definitely need to order it - it's your choice, I'll just give you information for reflection and tell you how and what kind of work you can really do yourself and which ones you can't.
This is how an economy-class repair in a new building should look like, well, maybe there are too many electricians ... And there are no baseboards ... Apparently, they haven’t finished it yet.
Repair in a new building: where to start
Renovation in a new building begins with a waiting project! Yes, yes, exactly expectations - expectations of shrinkage of the house. For monolithic houses, at least a year should pass, for panel houses - at least 2-3 years, for larger brick houses - up to 5-6 years. Do you really need to wait for house shrinkage before renovating? This question is better for you to ask the builders who built your building. If they did everything wisely, then the shrinkage may not be noticeable at all and will not affect your repair in any way, and if done through the wrong place, then the house may settle for longer. Usually, when choosing an apartment, you can understand a lot by looking at it and the house itself, the entrance, and those who work there. Communicate with the representative of the developer and neighbors.
It is too early for buyers of apartments in new buildings to relax after receiving the keys, because if the housing is bought without repair from the developer, then the newly-made owner gets literally bare walls. The site "RIA Real Estate" decided to remind newcomers about the main technologies and stages of rough finishing, the quality of which also determines the quality of the future decor.
Technological memo
Currently, there are two main design schemes for apartment buildings. Firstly, these are houses, the frame and external walls of which are rebuilt from reinforced concrete panels. And secondly, these are houses, the frame of which is made of monolithic reinforced concrete, and the openings are filled, as a rule, with blocks of cellular concrete. There may be other design schemes, but they make up a small percentage of newly built apartment buildings, explains the manager training center LLC "Knauf Gips" Alexander Bortnikov.
"It should be noted that newly built buildings using reinforced concrete as the main material are subject to shrinkage. Shrinkage is a feature of all cement-based materials, since the cement stone decreases in volume during hardening. Therefore, it is recommended to start finishing work when all shrinkage phenomena have passed, and this is about a year after construction or take this phenomenon into account when choosing certain materials and systems for finishing," the expert recommends.
We think over the design
Oddly enough, but even before the start of rough work, it is necessary to decide on the interior design, because, based on this, it will depend on where and what communications to lay and what finishing solutions to apply. Before proceeding with the rough finish, if necessary, windows, heating radiators, plumbing and electrical wiring are replaced. Replacing all of the above can be carried out both completely and selectively, it is important that all these works are completed before performing a rough finish, Bortnikov points out.
Leveling the floors
The first step is to level the floor. If your apartment is completely "naked", then on the floor you have monolithic slab, which must not only be leveled, but also isolated, because it transmits all vibrations and sounds. To do this, it is advisable to first fill in a layer of expanded clay, which has excellent sound and heat insulation properties (layer thickness of about 5 cm). Before starting work, you need to make sure that there are no gaps in your concrete floor, otherwise water from the screed may leak down to the neighbors. Usually holes can remain in the area of risers and ventilation shafts. They need to be sealed with mounting foam or adhesive mixture. Next, we fall asleep expanded clay, starting from the place that has the greatest depth. We pour expanded clay with a solution liquid concrete, similar in texture to milk. This solution dries for about a day or two. You can also immediately make a claydite-cement-sand mixture and lay it on the base.
For bathrooms, it is advisable to make floor waterproofing before laying expanded clay, with access to walls up to 10 cm. If it has already been done before handing over the house, then its quality must be checked, since marriage is often found.
Next, we begin directly leveling the floor. It can be done with a cement-sand screed or self-leveling floor. The main advantage of a cement-sand screed is its price, from 90 rubles (on average 150 rubles) per 40 kilograms, depending on the manufacturer, region and composition. The consumption of the screed depends on the applied layer. However, the screed does not allow you to get a perfectly even and smooth surface, and its drying time is 28 days, which significantly delays the progress of repair work. Self-leveling floors are a more technological option. Due to a sufficiently liquid consistency, the mixture spreads over the surface of the floor and takes on the level of the horizon, that is, it self-levels. The master needs to choose the optimal amount of water and slightly help the mixture spread over the surface. It must be said that before installing the self-leveling floor, the base must be primed. You can prime with a regular or acrylic primer, rollers or brushes. Betonkontakt is usually used when the apartment is from an old fund and the foundation is very poor - it makes no sense to use it in a new building, especially considering the difference in price (3-4 times more expensive than a primer, namely 1500-2000 rubles per 10 liters). Priming should be done either in two layers, or immediately with a plentiful layer - before applying the second layer of primer, the previous one must dry. Also, the installation of a self-leveling floor should be carried out on a dried primer, but the time gap between priming and the performance of laying the floor should not be large - no more than a day, and preferably an hour or two, in order to avoid dust settling on the surface.
Repairing a “bare” apartment in a new building on your own is akin to a feat. For those who are going to implement it, the RIA Real Estate portal has prepared an infographic that will help you navigate the prices for basic materials and work.The only drawback of the self-leveling floor is the price - from 240 rubles per 25 kilograms (400 rubles on average), therefore, self-leveling floors are usually used with height differences of no more than 4 cm. Also, the self-leveling floor can already be laid on a cement-sand screed (after it dry), this will allow you to get a smoother surface at a lower cost. You can walk on self-leveling floors after 5 hours, lay linoleum or tiles after two days, and wooden coverings after 7 days.
Under some finishing coatings, it is desirable to use a self-leveling floor in any case, for example, under a laminate - it is not attached to the floor, but simply lies on the substrate, due to which it can move and rub against the surface during operation. If you have just a sand-cement screed on your floor, dust will form, while self-leveling floors completely exclude this.
Another way to level the floor and prepare the base for laying finish coat, this is the use of dry prefabricated floors, points out the Knauf Gips expert. "When using this solution, the floor elements or, for example, Knauf-superfloor, are laid either directly on the base, or on an insulating layer (polystyrene foam or mineral wool boards), or on a layer of dry backfill made of expanded clay sand. The last version of the dry prefabricated floor is the most popular because it allows you to quickly level the floor surface.The use of this method of preparing the base allows you to produce a finishing coating a day after it is laid and at the same time the issues of reducing the load on the floors are solved, the sound insulation of the floor is improved, "says Bortnikov. Gypsum fiber boards (GVL board) can be up to 20 millimeters thick. Their cost ranges from 315 to 566 rubles.
Plastering the walls
As for the walls, in the room you can encounter various surfaces made of reinforced concrete, cellular concrete, very often gas silicate and ceramic bricks, with which internal partitions can be made, notes Bortnikov. It should be noted that at present, some manufacturers produce reinforced concrete panels with high surface quality, which are enough to putty, but in most cases the walls need to be leveled with plaster. "Indoors, it is more advisable to use gypsum-based plasters, with the exception of rooms with high humidity (bathrooms, showers). Before applying the plaster, the surface of the walls must be primed. For weakly absorbent surfaces, such as concrete, a primer like Knauf Betokontakt is used to improve adhesion (adhesion) of plaster to the surface," the expert explains. For priming highly absorbent surfaces, such as ceramic bricks, aerated concrete, primers are used that reduce the absorbency of the substrates and prevent uneven setting of the plaster mortar.
The maximum thickness of the plaster of one layer should not exceed 50 millimeters. The junctions of various surfaces, such as cellular concrete and reinforced concrete, must be reinforced with a fiberglass mesh with a mesh size of 3x3 or 5x5 mm. If it is necessary to perform leveling with a thickness of more than 50 millimeters, it is recommended to use facings on metal frame with plasterboard or plasterboard lining. In rooms with high humidity, cement-based plasters should be used or wall cladding on a metal frame using plates (aquaplates) should be used. The cost range of plaster is from 250 to 550 rubles per 25 kilograms.
We fence partitions
In houses built of monolithic reinforced concrete, apartments are sold with a free layout: that is, they do not have interior partitions and the owner forms the interior space at his own discretion. The most optimal option for the construction of partitions in this case is the use of dry construction systems, that is, structures consisting of a metal frame and sheathed drywall sheets or sheets of increased strength. The advantage of this solution is that such structures have a lower mass compared to other options, allow you to create curvilinear configurations of partitions, and have good soundproofing properties. In addition, their installation is carried out in a short period of time.
But it is important to remember some features when constructing such structures, emphasizes Bortnikov. “Installation of plasterboard and gypsum-fiber partitions should be carried out when all wet processes are completed in the room, or rather, the plastering of existing walls should be completed and the plaster layer should dry,” he says.
For the frame device, the expert recommends using a profile with a metal thickness of 0.6 millimeters. As a frame sheathing, it is better to take drywall with a thickness of 12.5 millimeters. Its cost ranges on average from 200 rubles per sheet to 360 rubles. When installing sockets on both sides of the partition, they should not be placed opposite each other, as this worsens the soundproofing characteristics of the structure, the agency’s interlocutor notes.
Attention to the ceiling
Another surface in apartments that may also need leveling is the ceiling. It can be plastered (layer no more than 20 millimeters). The surface of the ceiling must be primed before plastering to avoid delamination of the plaster layer.
"To level the ceilings can be created suspended structures on a metal frame and sheathing sheet materials based on gypsum. Dropped ceilings have two basic frame designs single-level and two-level. If the finishing is carried out in buildings in which shrinkage phenomena have not passed, it is recommended to make a choice in favor of a two-level ceiling. In this case, the frame is fixed to the floor with hangers and is not attached to the walls and, accordingly, is less susceptible to deformations, explains Bortnikov from Knauf Gips.
Fine finish rough finish
"We have leveled the walls and ceiling, now we can proceed to fine finish, but depending on what material will be used for this, finishing puttying of the surface of the plaster or sheets may be required," says the expert.
“If tiles are glued to the surface or decorative plaster with a fraction of more than 1 millimeter is applied, then there is no need to perform finishing puttying. But when using matte paints and structural plasters with a fraction of less than 1 millimeter as a finishing layer, it is necessary to putty the surface,” instructs He.
Puttying is carried out in this case with a thin layer using the "peeled" method. "The method of puttying" on a strip "is that a putty mixture is applied to the surface, then a wide (at least 600 millimeters wide), a hard spatula is leaned against the surface at an angle of about 70 - 80 ° and drawn over the surface. With this method excess putty is “ripped off” from the surface, and small irregularities below the level of the spatula are filled with putty mixture, ”explains the subtleties of the technology Bortnikov.
When applied, for example, vinyl wallpaper, glazes or paints of medium gloss, putty is applied to the surface with a layer of up to 1 mm and smoothed out with a thin, elastic spatula (at least 600 mm wide, but it is better to use a wider spatula). Puttying is performed using a bright lamp (spotlight), the light from which is directed at an acute angle to the surface in order to see irregularities. After the putty dries, it is sanded to remove small scratches that remain from the edges of the spatula. If necessary, the puttying operation is repeated, the expert explains.
For finishing puttying of the surface, putties based on gypsum or based on a polymer binder can be used. Polymer putties can be ready for use, that is, it is enough to open the container with putty, mix the contents and you can use it.
"Gypsum-based putties require experience and skill, since it is necessary to apply and process the mixture quickly enough, otherwise it will seize. Polymer putties allow you to work more measuredly. In addition, polymer putties prepared from a dry mix retain their properties and can be used for 72 hours, provided that the container with the product is closed. Ready-made polymer putties retain their properties and can be used for several months, but it is also necessary to hermetically close the container with the product, "the source of the agency draws attention. The cost of putties ranges from 200 to 1.3 thousand rubles per 25 kilograms, depending on the quality and purpose.
On average, materials for rough finishing will cost 6 thousand rubles per square meter.
