Decorative plaster. Advantages and disadvantages. Gypsum plaster: advantages and rules for use Disadvantages of decorative plaster

Among professional builders, disputes do not subside over what is better - machine or hand plaster. Finishers working with plastering stations see only pluses in the mechanical (mechanized) application of a layer of plaster. Plasterers working the old fashioned way give their arguments. It is very difficult for the customer to understand this controversy.

What is the difference between machine applied plaster and manual labor? Ubiquitous automation and mechanization production processes did not bypass the plaster work. The plastering station took over the physical labor of applying the solution.

To work, water is poured into it and a dry plaster mixture is poured. Special augers wipe dry ingredients well and feed into a mixing container, from where high pressure through the sleeve and the mortar gun, the mixture is fed to the wall.

To prevent the solution from sticking to the working surfaces of the machine (tank walls and sleeve), special additives are added to it. The station works only on dry mixes of factory preparation. Gypsum plasters are used in the premises, cement-sand mixtures are used outside.

This distribution can be explained:

Plaster, where one of the components is gypsum, is not used outdoors;
Cement-sand mixtures are much heavier than gypsum mortars. Therefore, it is much more difficult for a plastering machine to work with them, as a result of which the plaster feed rate drops by 1.5-2 times.

This increases the wear of screws, the replacement of which results in significant amounts. Naturally, no one in the room will plaster with cement mortar.

Advantages and disadvantages of machine plaster

Masters working at plastering stations usually note only positive aspects in the mechanized application of the mortar:

Absence of heavy physical labor;
The speed of work performance increases by 3-4 times;
Materials for machine application of plaster are cheaper than similar mixtures for manual work;
The consumption of materials is less than with manual plastering;
The cost of the work itself is almost two times lower (from 220 rubles / m 2 when working with the station and 550 rubles / m 2 when applying 3 layers with a trowel);
The quality of work is higher:

the mixture is supplied under high pressure, which contributes to better adhesion of the plaster to the wall;
the plaster mortar is more homogeneous in composition, as it is rubbed with two screws, as a result of which the surface of the plaster practically does not crack;
errors in the preparation of the mixture are excluded - its consistency is included in the station by the program.

Professionals do not see shortcomings. In their opinion, the question - "which plaster is better, manual or mechanized" - should not be on the agenda at all.

However, if you carefully study the technology of the plastering station, you can find both direct and relative disadvantages:

The high noise level, which excludes work at night, is a relative disadvantage, since during the day the neighbors will understand and tolerate;
Work on three-phase current (available only in apartments with electric stoves);
Long plaster drying period - 7-8 days;
A lot of time for servicing the station at the beginning and end of the shift, which will necessarily be reflected in the price of work with different volumes of plaster (preparation of the station for work according to the regulations should last 2 hours and another 2 hours is spent on washing the equipment after it is completed);
It is impossible to plaster the walls in the bathroom and in the kitchen with gypsum under the tiles. Manufacturers of dry mortars write on the packaging that the mixtures can be applied to walls in wet areas, including the bathroom. But nowhere is it indicated that tiles can be laid on such plaster. Practice shows that it breaks and lags behind on gypsum plaster. The plasterers of the machine station completed the work and left, and what happened to the tiles later, they may not know;
Mandatory installation of plaster corners in internal corners which increases the cost of the work.

Which is better, machine or hand plaster

The above advantages of mechanical plastering, it would seem, unambiguously and unconditionally bury old method plastering - manual. However, in order to understand without prejudice which plaster is better, machine or manual, it is necessary to carry out comparative analysis. Only then can you see the difference between these methods.

Since here we are talking about individual customers, we will simultaneously consider an individual house and an apartment, that is, orders for work from 50 m 2 to 250 m 2.

At a price, a dry mix for plastering stations is cheaper than a similar one for working with a trowel. Sounds convincing and yet true. But who said that gypsum-based mixtures will be used for manual plastering? They are very inconvenient in work and financially costly. The use of cement, sand and a concrete mixer leads to the fact that materials cost 2-3 times less when handmade. And the thicker the plaster layer, the more noticeable the difference.
Indeed, when using a dry mortar during the operation of a machine station, 3 kg of plaster is saved per 1 m 2 (consumption 13 kg versus 16 kg, respectively). But when replacing it with cement-sand plaster, this advantage disappears due to the low price of the plaster mixture.
The quality of work is higher. The difference between machine plaster and manual plaster, in the field of plaster quality, is imaginary. Subject to technology, the difference in quality is not observed. The problem of more intense cracking of the surface in cement plaster is solved with the help of fiberglass. Its use more effectively keeps the plaster layer from shrinking and cracking than in a gypsum mortar applied mechanized way.
Only manually you can plaster the bathroom and toilet because of the gypsum mortar. The best option is to entrust these works to the tiler, so that later there are no problems with the quality of the laid tiles - they will not shift the blame on each other.

As you can see, the advantages of plastering stations have not yet been discovered. Perhaps they are in the cost of the work, which is often the decisive argument.

What is cheaper

Prices for plastering work by machine start from 220 rubles / m 2 (data for St. Petersburg), with manual plastering - from 250-300 rubles / m 2 for the first layer due to the need for preparatory work and about 550 rubles / m 2 when applying 3 layers.

At first glance, everything is obvious here. But not everything is so simple. If everything is clear with the price tag of plasterers with a trowel, then on the other hand it is formed on the basis of many factors.

1. The indicated price is applied for the scope of work from 2,000 m 2 and more. With a decrease in volume, the cost of plastering works increases. The customer may object - the machine station will complete the work in 5-6 hours. I'll pay for them and stay the winner. But important points are missing here:

It takes time to prepare the surface and install the beacons. They will be included in the price;
Unplastered slopes remain - they are made only by hand. They are not included and cannot be. It will not be possible to invite outsiders to these works - professionals always refuse, since there is a lot of hassle and little money. Masters of mechanized plastering take 1.5-2 times more for such work, since their work as a whole is valued much higher;
The price includes the time of moving, preparing the station for work, washing it at the end of the shift. These amounts are significant, yet fixed. It is one thing to divide tens of thousands of rubles into 2,000 m 2, and another, into 50-250 m 2.

2. The price for the work does not include the cost of electricity. The landlord will have to pay.

3. Another feature of machine plastering is that the price does not include the installation of plaster corners. They are paid separately.

In order to fully understand what is better - mechanized or manual plastering of walls, we will carry out an enlarged calculation of the cost of work per 100 m 2 of a wall.

Machine plaster:

price - 350 rubles / m 2;
layer thickness 1 cm;
consumption rate of dry plaster per 1 m 2 - 13 kg;
the price of plaster is 410 rubles / bag (Volma, 25 kg) or 16.4 rubles / kg.

The cost of materials will be 42,640 rubles. Salary - 35,000. We will not take into account the rest of the costs for simplicity of calculations. In total, you will have to pay 77,640 rubles from the family budget.

When working manually you will need:

cement M400 - 350 kg (14 bags weighing 25 kg at a price of 235 rubles / package) in the amount of 3,290 rubles;
fine sand - 1,500 kg in the amount of 3,000 rubles. (30 bags weighing 50 kg at a price of 100 rubles per pack);
delivery with a lift to the apartment - 4,000 rubles;
fiberglass fiber - 200 rubles.

Attention: cement prices can vary significantly depending on the manufacturer. Portland cement from the middle price category was selected for calculations. There is cement and 135 rubles per bag.

In total, it is necessary to purchase building materials in the amount of 10,490 rubles. The salary will be 55,000 rubles. (100 m 2 x 550 rubles / m 2). The total cost of plastering work is 65,490 rubles.

Calculations without words show the advantages and disadvantages of each type of plastering work.

Conclusion

The above arguments say that a private customer has only one choice: cement, sand, concrete mixer.

Gypsum plaster is a versatile material for covering walls and ceiling structures in residential and industrial buildings. The advantage is that gypsum plaster, if necessary, is laid in a thick layer, which is what allows you to perfectly hide noticeable surface defects.

Gypsum plaster has excellent adhesion, adheres well to any building material. Either brickwork or concrete wall. A distinctive characteristic of gypsum plaster is its high vapor permeability. Gypsum plaster is able to absorb excess moisture from the air masses of the room, and when the temperature rises, it dries quickly.

Smooth smooth walls are an indicator of perfectly executed repair work. Plaster is the most simple and fast way correct all the shortcomings, make the surfaces even and smooth. Gypsum plaster for this case is ideal.

What surfaces is gypsum plaster suitable for?

Plaster mortar based on gypsum is used for surface finishing, primarily in residential areas. In general cases, this can be any room with an optimal level of humidity. Gypsum plaster can be chosen for walls from:

Concrete;
Gas-, expanded clay-, foam concrete;
clays;
Brick;
cement.

Also, gypsum plaster is applied to an outdated layer of plastered surface, if the old one is firmly attached to the wall. It must be taken into account that gypsum absorbs water. That is why gypsum plaster is used exclusively inside dry rooms. In particular, it is suitable for preparatory stage works. When further painting or gluing is planned.

Gypsum plaster can be purchased as:

base mix;
decorative;
fine-grained;
prepared solution.

Gypsum plaster composition and characteristics

It is clear directly from the name, the basic "ingredient" in the composition of the variety of this plaster is gypsum. Gypsum is calcium hydrate, crushed into small crumbs, which is obtained after heating a gypsum stone. Sometimes, depending on the manufacturer, the gypsum mass may contain:

setting retarders;
Components to increase strength;
plasticizers;
Additives. They make the surface whiter. Salt of various metals or lime can be used as additives;
Various additives to help control thickening time and hardening time;
Specialized fillers. They reduce weight and increase the thermal insulation qualities of gypsum plaster.

Gypsum plaster is an exceptionally clean, from an environmental point of view, finishing material. It poses absolutely no danger to humans. And even more. Due to its structure, gypsum plaster, as a finishing material, may well absorb excess moisture or give it away. Due to this, the microclimate of the room is always at the optimum level.

In addition to traditional gypsum plaster, there is a gypsum polymer on the market. This is a separate type of considered finishing material. Gypsum polymer is used mainly if it becomes necessary to level walls or ceilings made of concrete or brick. Gypsum-polymer-based compounds with strong characteristics can sometimes be used for exterior decoration of buildings.

Bad and good qualities of gypsum plaster

The biggest disadvantage of gypsum plaster is its low resistance to moisture and the same low level of strength. A wall lined with gypsum is not very resistant to external influences. Such plaster is easy to scratch or even split. In addition, gypsum plaster is definitely more expensive than.

Not too significant disadvantages fade before the advantages of gypsum plaster:

Does not shrink, unlike the same cement;
It is permissible to lay it in a thickened layer, without an auxiliary grid;
Provides a good connection to the wall or ceiling. I must say that gypsum-based plaster adheres to the wall many times better than cement. Due to this, it is permissible not to use the auxiliary grid;
It has a small weight;
Gypsum plaster is very plastic, and therefore it is much easier to work with it than with other varieties of this material;
The plastered surface provides excellent sound and heat insulation. It's much better than just concrete;
A wall covered with gypsum plaster will not be porous or cracked;
This variation is more economical. For comparison, the consumption of gypsum plaster for square meter surface is nine to ten kilograms. Cement plaster - sixteen to eighteen kilograms;
The complexity of the process is small.

How to prepare a solution of gypsum plaster

To prepare a gypsum mixture, the dry mixture must be poured into a pre-prepared container with water - plastic is better. About seven hundred milliliters of liquid is needed per kilogram of the mixture. Usually there are 30 kilos of dry mix in a bag, 18 liters of water are needed per bag.

Kneading can be done with a trowel. It is easier to mix in portions by adding the mixture. If the volume of work is large, it will be more convenient and faster to stir everything with a construction mixer or a drill with an appropriate nozzle.

After mixing, the solution should be left alone for five minutes, then mixed with all care so that no lumps remain. Ready solution should be plastic and viscous. However, it is quite thick. It should not drain and the tool that was used for kneading. You have about 20-25 minutes to produce a gypsum plaster solution, then it will simply harden.

Plasticizer components

Gypsum plaster manufacturers strongly advise against adding unregulated additives to prepared mixtures. Excess plasticizers can have a significant effect on the strength and integrity of the finished surface.

However, you can try to prepare a gypsum mixture at home, using building gypsum as a base. But it should be borne in mind that gypsum reacts very quickly to water, and therefore the plaster hardens quickly enough.

If you want the gypsum plaster solution not to harden too quickly, you can add one of the following plasticizer components to it:

Lime;
Acids - tartaric or citric;
Diluted PVA glue, approximately 1% of the total amount of the mixture.

Use in rooms with high humidity or for facades

Do not plaster the surface in which there are remains of fasteners, screws or nails. Any metal elements must be removed. The fact is that, having absorbed moisture, it will interact and contribute to corrosive processes. As a result, you will find rust spots on new walls.

If such a need nevertheless arose, it is possible to increase the resistance of gypsum plaster to moisture. To do this, already applied plaster must be coated with a special acrylic primer.

Good protection against moisture will be provided by a polymeric mastic of a hydroresistant type. It must be applied to completely dry plaster with a roller or brush. For reliability - do not limit yourself to one layer.

Each new layer must be applied after the previous one has dried. If finishing is planned for gypsum plaster ceramic tiles, then ceramics can be glued only a day after the mentioned procedure.

How to plaster

You can work with gypsum mortar with your own hands or with the help of a special plaster station. In this case, it will be considered the first option - applying gypsum plaster by hand. This is done as follows:

Gypsum mixture can be applied not only to a bare wall, but also to an old layer of plaster;
If the wall needs to be leveled, this procedure will be much more convenient to carry out with the help of special "beacons" - marks. They can also be made from plaster. A little damp plaster for this must be applied to the wall and leveled in accordance with the level. When they dry, you can throw the mixture. The thickness of the layer must correspond to the height of the plaster marks;
Avoid layers thicker than five centimeters, if you need thicker, you must wait for the first layer to dry;
The dry mixture is consumed approximately ten kilograms per square meter. Provided that the layer is not thicker than one centimeter;
After completion of work, dry plaster must be coated with a primer.
Gypsum plaster is prepared in accordance with the expected scope of work. Do not make the solution “for good” and do not leave the diluted solution “for later”

Glossing and grouting procedures

Glossy is the creation of a perfectly flat surface without applying the final putty. Indeed, refusing finishing putty, gypsum plaster is easily rubbed to a shine.

Grouting is a process during which all irregularities, roughness, seams between layers are manually removed. Grouting is usually done when the plaster has already dried. A metal grater is perfect for this.

For convenience, the tool must be moistened in water, or in a primer that is planned to be applied after a layer of gypsum plaster. Then you need to process the surface with chaotic movements, in any direction. The grater must be regularly cleaned of particles of the mixture.

Glossing and grouting are similar methods. Practically similar. They even use the same tools. The only difference is that glossing is carried out on a dried, but still wet mixture. Due to this, not only the working time is reduced, but also there is no need to apply a layer of putty.

Finishing finished surfaces

When the gypsum plaster is applied, it is necessary to decide how the subsequent finishing will be done.

To prepare the walls for painting or, it is advisable to treat the wall after grouting with a trowel. This special tool with rubberized or metal base. If thick or are glued, then the use of a trowel is not necessary.

Paint is better to take acrylic, water-dispersed or water-based. To begin with, the bare wall must be puttied. Be sure to cover with a layer of primer, and only then paint. This sequence will not only help protect surfaces from shedding, but will also allow you to apply paint more evenly and economically.

Textured or type plasters interact perfectly with gypsum plasters. The pattern can be created using a decorative roller or a special construction stamp. But often you can use ordinary items that are at hand - a broom, a brush, and even an ordinary plastic bag. The design is only limited by your imagination.

Of all the many species, the so-called makes the most impression. It is created by several thin layers painted in different shades. And if you cover it with a special wax on top, you can create the illusion of smooth marble.

As you can see, gypsum plaster is a material that is really in demand and useful, despite all the minor disadvantages. But what material does not have them?

More and more people are giving up classic wallpaper in favor of interesting and original materials. Decorative plaster one of the types finishing walls, which is gaining more and more fans.
With help decorative plaster you can create a unique pattern on the walls. There are masters who can paint beautiful panels on the walls using this material. Remarkably, it is almost impossible to repeat the same pattern, which gives us a guarantee of uniqueness.

Advantages of decorative plaster:

Original design solutions. With this material, you can create truly unique walls in your home. It's beautiful and unusual.

Strength and durability. If the material is applied correctly, in compliance with all the recommendations of the manufacturer, then the walls will delight you for many years. Decorative plaster is resistant to mechanical damage, practically does not crumble and does not crack.

Masking wall imperfections. Even if your walls are not perfect, decorative plaster will hide it. Of course, large cracks and irregularities will have to be processed, but not necessarily brought to the ideal. However, for Venetian plaster, this statement is not true.

Suitable for any surface. Decorative plaster is suitable for wood, concrete, brick, metal. Almost any wall can be decorated with this material. There are types of plaster that are suitable for work outside the building.

Persistence. Decorative plaster is frost-resistant and moisture resistant. Including it has the effect of soundproofing.

This is an environmentally friendly material. The composition of decorative plaster contains only natural ingredients that will never harm human health.

Disadvantages of decorative plaster:

High price. Like it or not, but the material itself is quite expensive. At the same time, in addition to the plaster itself, we need related products. For example, paint, special application tools, etc. If you decide to invite a professional for finishing, then this will also cost you a pretty penny.

Difficult dismantling decorative plaster can also be attributed to the minuses. If you decide to make repairs and dismantle this material, then you will have to sweat. However, this can be called the reverse side of the medal of strength and durability.

Careful preparation of the base may take you some time. The wall before applying the material must be cleaned to the ideal, nowhere should there be a risk that something will fall off. Primer which is prerequisite wall preparation, is a tool for tighter adhesion.

Quite a lot of time you will have to spend to decorate the walls with this material. After preliminary preparation of the walls, the application of plaster begins, which sometimes takes several days. Some types of this material require application in two layers, while the first must dry completely.

Difficult to do on your own this wall decor. Of course with simple options applying such plaster can be handled by yourself. But it is the specialist who will be able to create a unique, artistic work on the walls in your home.

We can definitely say that despite the existing shortcomings, decorative plaster is stylish and nice solution for your apartment.

It is not necessary to decorate every wall in this way. In interior design, more and more attention is paid to different design walls in the same room. Try to make one wall with decorative plaster, and wallpaper the other or just paint it. With the right combination of colors and textures, the room will sparkle.

If possible, invite a specialist to create a masterpiece on a small section of the wall. However, before you trust the master, be sure to check the reviews about him and clearly explain what you want to see. Such work is quite highly valued and you should not look for the cheapest option. If you choose a cheaper master, you can lose both money and material and trust in people.

Imagine, create your own unique design, create! All the best to you and easy repair!

Good plaster lasts for decades. Now gypsum mixtures have replaced cement finishing coatings. But not all plasterers refuse the usual materials. Let's look at the strengths and weaknesses of gypsum and cement mixtures and figure out which plaster is better.

Features of cement-based plaster mixture

The word "plaster" comes from the Italian term stuccatura, which denoted the finishing materials familiar to the Romans (lime, alabaster, gypsum). Modern plaster is a hardened building mixture intended for leveling walls. It is unambiguous to say which solution is better and which is worse. The composition of the optimal coating depends on many factors.

Plaster solutions have been used for thousands of years to decorate houses, apartments, building facades. The demanded finishing material has evolved along with humanity. In recent decades, when building and repairing houses, builders have mainly used cement coatings.

The mixture consists of cement (main component), sand (filler), plasticizers. As the latter, limestone, gypsum, or combinations thereof are used. Solutions are distinguished by the proportions of the components and depending on the surfaces to be finished. Cement-based coatings cover the walls outside, inside buildings. Moreover, in the latter case, the premises may be unheated and with high humidity.

The strengths of cement finishing mortars include:

universality;
plasticity lasts for several hours - you can immediately prepare a large volume, spending it as needed;
strength of the finishing layer;
affordable price.

However, cement plaster is far from ideal. Masters note the following shortcomings:

the mixture does not fit well on the concrete base:
the layer dries for about 14 days, which reduces the pace of finishing work;
high humidity when working with the mixture - for the crystallization of cement particles, the surface to be trimmed must be sprayed with water;
the main component cement gives the finished surface an unsightly gray color;
on final stage necessarily finishing puttying;
when working, a suspension of sand, cement, which enters the respiratory tract, rises into the air.

The main problem when working with cement coatings is a cracked finishing layer. In addition, as it dries, the composition will shrink, which will lead to irregularities. By the way, for this reason, additional equipment (heating elements, hair dryers, heat guns) is not used for drying rooms.

Thus, the cement finishing mortar is suitable for walls in technical rooms, facade works, in apartments with draft and.

Advantages and disadvantages of gypsum coatings

Despite all the benefits cement mortar, at interior decoration gypsum plaster confidently competes with him. As the name suggests, the main component of the mixture is gypsum powder, made from a natural mineral. During the production process, after a long heat treatment, this powder is crushed. As a result, the finer the fraction (grain size), the better the treated surface.

In addition to gypsum, the composition of the solution includes natural or synthetic fillers, polymer additives. For leveling walls, the shape and size of the grains are of no small importance. In addition, fillers reduce the cost of the mixture and increase the strength of the finishing layer. And the polymer ingredients increase the adhesion of the solution, make it more elastic.

Based specifications finishing coating, its advantages can be distinguished:

High adhesion - the solution falls on any base;
Leveling ability - the surface finished with gypsum coating is immediately ready for painting, whitewashing, wallpapering;
The consumption of this mixture is lower than that of cement. True, for this you need to follow the rules and technology of work;
Solid thickness of the finishing layer - sometimes it reaches 6 cm;
It is easy to work with the mixture - it fits well on the surface, leveled, smoothed;
The surface treated with such plaster acquires additional sound and heat insulation qualities.

Despite all their positive traits, gypsum coating is not used everywhere. There are reasons for this:

Price. Gypsum mixture costs 1.5–2 times more than cement;
Strength. The surface plastered with gypsum coating does not withstand mechanical damage;
The solution quickly seizes, therefore, in order to avoid overspending, it will have to be prepared in small batches;
The need for additional materials. For example, when processing a concrete surface, it is necessary to use primers, and plastering metal surfaces without a waterproofing layer is unacceptable. In addition, it is not recommended to lay tiles on this decorative coating. When the adhesive comes into contact with finishing material ettringite is formed - a mineral that destroys gypsum.

The main disadvantage of such a mixture is the undesirability of using it for surface treatment outside the house.

There are three types of gypsum finishing coatings. The first is a fine-grained solution, it includes carefully ground sand. Such material is recommended to be applied in layers of 0.5–0.8 cm thick. For leveling, apply a second layer. The main area of application is the decoration of ceilings.

Medium-grained gypsum mortar is the most popular and, as a result, widespread. It is the main competitor of cement-based mortars. Allowable thickness 5 cm.

Coarse-grained gypsum plaster is used to hide significant surface defects. As a rule, broken slopes are repaired with its help, facades are updated. By the way, in the latter case, the selected mixture must be checked for resistance to water. Sometimes, despite the claims of manufacturers, it is better to play it safe and apply a protective layer.

Work with gypsum and cement plaster - a comparative analysis

The main factor determining which plaster is better and which is worse is the characteristics declared by the manufacturer. But along with them, secondary factors must be taken into account - ease of use, the need to use additional materials.

At first glance, the advantages of gypsum coatings are obvious - they are elastic, stick to any surface, and are easy to set. And the faster the layer hardens, the faster the work moves. But with insufficient skill, the prepared batch of plaster will dry out. It cannot be reused. In other words, the price of a mistake is an additional cost, and the cost of gypsum plaster is not affordable.

Cement plaster mortar dries for at least two hours, which allows covering large areas in one go. However, the adhesion of such a composition is lower and in some cases (ceiling, corners) the surface will have to be reinforced with a plaster mesh. On the one hand, this entails additional labor costs, on the other hand, the strength of such plaster is many times higher.

As you can see, the answer to the question of which plaster to choose will be ambiguous. For outdoor work the best option becomes cement plaster. But gypsum mortar is a great option for working inside the apartment (with the exception of the kitchen, bathroom,). In rooms with high humidity, you will have to cover the finished surface with varnish.

Mechanized wall plastering simplifies Finishing work which saves physical effort and time. In this case, the leveling layer is applied using specially designed equipment. The devices spray the material and prepare it according to an automated program, that is, the owner can only control the process. Plastering mechanization is used at repair or construction sites for leveling both internal and external surfaces.

There is a list of advantages in working with the device, which you should familiarize yourself with before carrying out the procedure.

High performance. Compared to the manual method, automatic wall plastering allows you to process the area seven times faster.
economy. Since the process is automated, two employees are enough for it, which eliminates the cost of the construction team. Also noted is a lower consumption of materials due to the fact that during mixing it is saturated with air and increases in volume.
Also, the advantage of mechanized plastering is the absence of the following steps in technology:
1. putting putty on the wall;
2. grease, etc.
Coating quality. After manufacturing in the apparatus, the composition acquires a uniform consistency, without lumps and air bubbles, which contributes to the durability and strength of the future coating. The mixture carefully fills all small cracks and gaps.

Choosing the Right Formulas

When working, special compositions are used, characterized by rapid solidification, as well as high rates of the following criteria:

sound and heat insulation;
strength;
clutch;
vapor permeability.

When applying plaster by machine, the room creates Better conditions microclimate.

When choosing a mixture, rely on the type of work being done. For outdoor use, a standard mixture of sand and cement is often used. If the work is carried out inside, then it is better to use gypsum material. It is suitable for dry rooms, and in bathrooms and kitchens it is better to take products where polymer impurities or acrylic resins will be present in the composition. You can also purchase ready-made diluted mixtures for applying plaster both by machine and conventional.

How automatic equipment works: types of devices

A wide range of devices is presented in construction stores. various sizes, with different power and equipment. IN latest models the coloring function is enabled. In addition, a technique has been created in which there are separate containers for water and dry material, and for mixing them.

As standard, devices of compact dimensions are used, which are assigned middle class. You can work on them yourself, without help. Such a wall plastering machine is equipped with a pump that performs the main functions - mixing, supplying and applying the mortar (through a hose). The size and shape of the jet is regulated by special nozzles.

There are several types of devices, the choice of which depends on the scale of the work. It also depends on whether it is worth buying equipment. If one-time use is required in a small area, then it is recommended to rent special equipment.

Pneumatic shovel

This plastering machine looks like a metal container, which is equipped with nozzles of different diameters, which are selected based on the type of composition. In total, four pieces are needed for the mixture, and the same for air supply. The surface feed uses a tube coated with elastomer or similar non-slip material to help hold the tool better. The tube of the plastering machine is equipped with a valve that is responsible for regulating the air supply.

Equipment productivity - 60 m 2 / h. It is represented by several models, since different ones are purchased for finishing the ceiling and walls - with a different location of the container relative to the tube for supplying the solution. Machine plastering walls with this device is easy:

press the mixture supply button;
point the handset at the wall by moving it around.

Air gun

This equipment is made in the form of a nozzle barrel resembling an airbrush, on which there is a threaded connection used for nozzles. Their choice depends on the required spray level of the solution. The plastering machine is equipped with a container located in the upper zone. They come in different sizes, standard - 5 liters. The equipment of many models includes a trigger that controls the flow of the solution.

At the bottom of the device there is a hole for the air supply hose. This process is adjustable on the device, which allows you to perform both leveling the area and decorative finishes, such as textured splashes.

How to assemble a plaster station yourself

For greater savings, the equipment can be assembled independently, having Consumables and tools. A discharged fire extinguisher will serve as a blank, as it is already equipped with the required components for future equipment:

handle;
starting handle;
nozzle.

To get a plastering machine with your own hands, first cut off the bottom from the workpiece. It should be a small part so that the volume is preserved as much as possible. Then turn the cylinder over so that the hole is at the top, and secure in a vise. Opposite the trigger, make a cutout into which the air supply tube will fit.

The performance of a machine depends on:

compressor power;
outlet nozzle diameter;
distance from it to the compressor valve.

In order for the plasterer to gain more power, push the tube as far as possible - for example, 2 cm from the outlet.

Important! The smaller this distance, the more the solution will spray.

Next use welding machine, but if it is not there, you can fill the tie-in area with hot resin. The balloon must be at an angle of 45°. Be careful during the process not to clog the entry gap.

You also need to get a compressor for pumping air so that the walls are plastered in a mechanized way. It connects to a previously embedded tube. A pressure of 2 - 3 atmospheres will allow you to create a coating "under a fur coat", and for a more dense laying of the material, the indicators need to be increased.

Machine application technology

The work is conditionally divided into several stages.

Area preparation

To begin with, clean the surface of protrusions, dust, dirt, glue, etc. Assess the curvature of the walls, install beacons and strengthen the corners. Before plastering with the device, treat the surface with an anti-corrosion compound and a primer. Cracks and joints are best reinforced with nylon mesh.

Preliminary preparation: creating a solution

Mix the required solution according to the instructions. If you need to dilute the dry mixture, then for this it is better to use not ordinary water, but milk of lime. This technique increases the strength of the coating.

Mechanical plastering of walls is often carried out with a mixture of cement and sand. The components are taken in a ratio of 1:3. The finished composition should have the consistency of thick sour cream. If it is more liquid, it will splatter more and cling worse. At the end of the process, plasticizers are added to increase the viscosity.

Work technology

Plastering the walls by machine is carried out according to the following instructions.

Pour the composition into the container, filling ¾ of the volume.
Install the compressor for convenient operation.
Raise the atomizer.
Aim gun perpendicular to surface.
Pull the trigger.

Important! The distance from the wall to the nozzle should be no more than 30 cm.

One layer of plaster is made from 3 to 20 mm in thickness, depending on the type of surface and the preference of the owner. This indicator is regulated by the speed of movement of the plastering equipment.

The final stage

When the entire wall area has been processed, after 30-50 minutes (depending on the type of composition) the material needs to be leveled with a rule and spatulas. Redistribute the surplus. Manually work through hard-to-reach places: corners, niches, joints, etc.

Then wait 30 minutes for the composition to dry. After that, the second layer is plastered by machine. After 1 - 2 hours, grout to smooth the surface and eliminate defects.

Depending on the humidity of the air, the solution will dry from three to seven days. Only at the end of the term is it allowed to start finishing.

Work should be carried out at a temperature of +15 to +30 C°, and air humidity of 70 - 75%.

When applying a gypsum mortar, it is better to use an assistant, since such a composition is characterized by rapid solidification. Therefore, a second person is needed, who will immediately level the coating after spraying. Such compositions are used indoors, and for plastering the facade of buildings with an apparatus, it is better to take mixtures based on cement or acrylic material.

For decorative finishes use the technique with nozzles that have wide nozzles.

Plastering by mechanized method is quite simple with your own hands. The main thing is to choose the right material, and to it - the necessary model of the device.