Who maintains street lighting on poles. Lighting the local area How to properly illuminate the courtyard area

Walking along the dark alleys in the evening, you involuntarily wonder if an elementary hooligan is hiding somewhere in the shadows? Who is obliged to provide our children and us - taxpayers, with the most necessary - electric light? Is there, after all, some kind of law or regulation obliging the same energy-saving company to monitor the condition of the same lights in the community?

Well, one lamp does not work or it works, but the light is dim, this is not so bad, but if there are no lamps at all in the courtyard of the house, but there are only a few electric bulbs above the entrances, and they do not save the situation? You can turn to the head of the house, so to speak, to the house manager. Perhaps he will decide something sometime, although this is not his responsibility. Still, I want to know for sure who will be responsible for the work of lanterns, light bulbs and others. lighting fixtures on the streets in general and in the yards in particular?

In this article:

What is the problem?

First you need to determine the problem that has arisen:

1. Bulb needs to be replaced.
2. The lighting is weak or there is a need for additional light.
3. There is no light at all.

If the light bulb is visually damaged or simply does not work, you must first contact the housing and communal services manager, who must take necessary actions. Contact numbers are provided on the website of this organization, and in some houses they hang on the walls near the mailboxes.

We contact the administration

If there is no reaction, then you need to contact the City Administration directly, since it has an agreement with the power grids serving each district. They will take action by contacting the power company, who will have to assess the condition of the light fixture and make specific repairs. An appeal in the form of a collective or private complaint for signatures is carried out in the form of an ordinary application in an arbitrary form and is submitted to the local Administration of a certain body of the municipality.

In the text of the appeal, it is important to indicate next questions to the local government:

• Which organization is responsible for the maintenance of lighting fixtures on the territory
• As the name of the customer under the contract with this organization
• Who is responsible for maintaining the lighting at the right level.

On the issue of insufficient street lighting, you should contact the Management Company by writing an application individually or collectively using the same template. The main thing is to write the full name of each applicant, signature and address of his residence. It is important to understand that the Management Company is directly responsible for the life and health of the citizens and it is we who should point out the shortcomings to it, since we have a direct interest in this.

In a situation of complete absence of light in your yard, you must contact the local administration, guided by the Federal Law of 06.10.2003 No131-Ф3 “On general principles local government organizations in Russian Federation”, obliging local governments to organize street lighting properly. What is also regulated by GOST in terms of the organization of lighting, where all the standards are prescribed. After compiling and sending the application, the answer should come from seven working days to a month.

Also, in order to understand the essence of the problem, building codes and regulations are presented here.

Lighting of architectural objects and cultural monuments is a mandatory measure in the organization of the street lighting system.

Illumination of main and secondary roads is made taking into account the type pavement and its reflective properties.

Each street provides a certain degree of horizontal illumination. For example:

• for wide roads, this parameter corresponds to 20 l,
• highways of regional significance are illuminated within 15 l k,
• for local streets, 4-6 lux is enough.

If you are refused, you can file a complaint with the local organization responsible for maintaining street lighting. Very often, refusals are justified by insufficient funding, but these explanations do not make it any brighter.

Your next step may be to apply to the court or the prosecutor's office at the place of residence. It is advisable to provide a photo of the area where there is no light and a written (or in digital format) refusal from the Administration responsible for street lighting.

Who is responsible for street lighting in towns and villages?

As a rule, street lighting is not always adequately financed in the budget of towns and villages. Installing lights along every road is an expensive and often shelved task. Every year a plan is formed to equip the streets with lanterns and the local Administration considers it in accordance with the budget. It is obligatory to install lamps at crossroads where the danger of an accident is most likely, next to administrative and educational buildings.

Behind Maintenance the district department of Energosbyt is responsible, but control over the proper performance of its duties lies with the local municipality. It would be more correct to apply there orally, simply by calling or in writing, filling out the same complaint.

Outcome

Summarizing all of the above, we draw one simple conclusion - the Administration is responsible for the illumination on the streets of our cities and towns, and it is from it that there should be a demand for the absence or insufficient illumination of the streets.

garden lighting or personal plot- an important element not only beauty, but also safety. All you need to do is walk around your backyard or garden with a hand torch to see for yourself. A well-thought-out and competent lighting system makes it easy to navigate garden plot at night and move around it with a high level of safety. With the help of decorative lighting of flower beds, garden paths, steps and trees, you can create an individual atmosphere in your backyard and extend the time of communication with nature.

There are two types of street lighting:

• utilitarian (functional);
• decorative.

Consider specific examples of projects landscape design, in which garden lighting is used, how you can not only protect yourself, households and guests of a suburban or urban private household, but also give the backyard plot an atmosphere of celebration, mystery or romanticism.

This is, first of all, safe movement around the site and near it in the dark. If we consider the illumination of a personal plot or backyard from the point of view of comfortable security, then the illumination of the porch of the house, the entrance to the garage or the parking area and garden paths can be considered a sufficient level.

If we talk about the simplest and not expensive way to illuminate the area that is adjacent to the household, then it is enough to evenly place the lamps along the garden paths. Such lighting can become the basis of garden lighting, for small areas this may be enough.

There are a few key things to keep in mind when designing functional lighting:

• lighting equipment should be durable, all-weather, simple and convenient in terms of operation and maintenance;
• it is necessary to maintain harmony between the level of illumination of the paths and other landscape objects. Walking along the path will experience discomfort if it is flooded with too bright light. It is better to direct the maximum brightness level to the lighting of accent elements - arbors, patios, trees or shrubs;
• it is important that the facade of the building remains the most illuminated place on the site, it is psychologically easier for the residents of the house and their guests to move from a darker place to an area with bright lighting;
• Another factor of psychological comfort is the fact that even in the darkest time of the day, the boundaries of the yard or plot are visible.

For the organization of functional lighting, both conventional incandescent lamps and energy-saving, fluorescent lamps with various mounting methods are suitable. The most commonly used conventional floor lamps. These are lighting fixtures that are mounted vertically and are equipped with diffusers made of frosted glass, which significantly improve the quality of light of the lamps installed in them. High-tech floor lamps are becoming more and more popular, but there are also design projects with retro-style equipment.

- the organic shape of a sphere made of carbonate or polycarbonate, equipped with low-power lamps, can not only create dim lighting, but also decorate the landscape design of any site.

Lighting fixtures on solar panels - are charged during the day (for this they are equipped with special batteries) in order to provide dim lighting of significant areas of the backyard or garden at night. Such devices are mobile and do not require connection to the power grid, they can be removed for the winter or transferred during the warm season to different parts of the garden to highlight certain objects, constantly changing the appearance and atmosphere of your site at dusk. Due to the fact that solar-powered devices are equipped with sensors and LEDs that turn on automatically, such lighting can last all night.

In order not to make a mistake when choosing lamps for a personal plot, you can use one simple rule - if the landscape design of the garden is quite diverse, it is dominated by various flower beds, patios with garden furniture, alpine slides and many other decorative elements, it is better to opt for laconic lamps or use hidden lighting (more on that later). And in the case of a simple and concise landscape design, striving for minimalism, you can use retro lamps, bizarre shapes, different shades illumination.

Recently, built-in lighting systems have been used quite widely not only indoors, but also in personal plots. You can embed lamps in step bases, alpine slides, fountains, borders and other landscape elements.

What is important to know when purchasing outdoor lighting fixtures:

• be sure to ask the store for a safety certificate for the device;
• make sure that the certificate contains information about the degree of protection of the purchased goods;
• inquire about the warranty period for the outdoor lighting element;
• pay special attention to the material from which the device is made. The body of the lamp will be actively affected Sun rays, moisture and other weather manifestations. Check if the inside of the fixture is painted, if it rusts, the fixture will have to be thrown away. In operation, fixtures made of stainless steel (painted), cast iron and aluminum alloys have proven themselves well.

decorative lighting

With the onset of darkness, any, even the most beautiful and sophisticated garden plot, loses its individuality. Flowerbeds and flower beds, garden sculptures, ponds and fountains become indistinguishable in the twilight. Properly organized backyard or garden lighting can transform the exquisite beauty of nature and create a unique nighttime image of the site, which will be completely different from the appearance of the yard during daylight hours. It is up to you to decide what kind of backyard plot suits you - mysterious or romantic, filled with drama or festive fun.

An interesting decorative effect can be created by highlighting plants (trees and shrubs). To do this, mini-spotlights are installed on the ground (in small recesses).

Lighting without the use of lamps

An increasing number of landscape design projects are moving towards the use of LED lighting, which allows you to create a kind of hidden lighting, without the use of lamps, spotlights and lamps. In this case, any type of support is used to support LED low-voltage lamps - a stone, a branch or a structure of buildings and structures. LEDs are hidden in the crowns of trees and shrubs, placed in flower beds, creating a lot of options for transforming the garden at night.

We highlight reservoirs

The spectacle of thoughtfully illuminated water is mesmerizing. Multi-colored lighting can transform your pond, and monophonic lighting will add significance and nobility. Illumination of pools, small ponds, fountains and others artificial reservoirs can radically change the look of your backyard.

Several designer ways to decorate the garden

There are many ways to personalize the landscape design of your site. Why not make with my own hands original lamps or purchase lighting fixtures unusual design? Experiment, do not limit your imagination, but do not forget about safety and functionality.

A little important information about decorative garden lighting:

• with the help of lighting, you can zone a spacious personal plot, and in the yard small sizes create a visual expansion of the boundaries - warm light brings the object of illumination closer to us, cold light, on the contrary, visually pushes it away;
• for recreation areas (open terraces, patios, playgrounds and gazebos), soft diffused light of warm colors is more suitable. Subdued lighting can create a cozy atmosphere that will encourage communication and pleasant pastime with family or friends;
• if lamps of different colors are used in the garden, then it is desirable. So that they complement each other. Usually it is enough to use 2-3 colors. Very bright White color able to "deprive life" of your site, be careful when using it. Red and brown colors should also be used carefully and dosed;
• Create festive lighting in the garden with string lights and LED strips placed on trees, in the gazebo or around the perimeter of the patio.

And finally

It is necessary to create a project for lighting a personal plot at the start of the stage of creating a landscape concept. Lighting is planned in parallel with projects for gazebos, terraces, rock gardens, garden paths, indoor and outdoor areas, patios and other recreational areas. If you don't include a lighting system in your original yard landscaping plan, you may incur additional costs later on and spend more time and effort on organizing it. You will need to install electrical equipment, and this may lead to some rearrangement of the landscaping.

2016-06-24 16:18:20 Garden lighting as an element of landscape design

Each owner has a desire to organize the lighting of the yard, adjoining territory so that it is convenient, beautiful, and also so that you do not have to pay very large electricity bills. The task is not easy, but really doable. If you have basic electrical skills, you can do everything yourself. But in order to plan street lighting with your own hands correctly, many nuances must be taken into account.

Lighting is not only safety, but also beauty

Street lighting at home consists of several constituent parts, reception usually they are isolated, switched on and off independently of each other. In order to properly develop an outdoor lighting scheme, it is necessary to think in advance where and what type of lamps it is better to place, how to supply power to them, how to control this lighting. Put lamps in the following places:

As you can see, the system is really complex and making street lighting with your own hands is not an easy task at all.

Control methods

When designing street lighting with your own hands, consider how it will turn on / off. The most common and familiar way is manual control. Switches or circuit breakers are installed in the house, which are manually turned on or off. It is quite reliable, practically does not require costs (only for the purchase of a knife switch, switch) and is often used to turn on decorative lighting. When necessary - turned on, tired or it's time to sleep - turned off.

But this type of control of security lighting or path lighting is convenient only if someone is constantly in the house (and does not suffer from forgetfulness). If from time to time there is no one in the house, or you have to return from work late, this control method causes discomfort: the light can only be turned on when it is dark when you enter the house (or garage). This problem is solved by automating the on / off street lighting.

To automate the control of outdoor lighting of a private house or cottage, use:

• Time relay.
• Motion sensors.
• Light sensors (illuminance).

These devices are connected in series in a circuit. In the normal state, their contacts are open, power is not supplied to the lamps. When triggered, the contacts close and supply power to the lighting fixtures.

The installation location depends on the principle of operation. Light and motion sensors are placed on the street, usually not far from the lamps, and it is more expedient to put a time relay in the house.

What are the best devices to use? Depends on the type of outdoor lighting. For example, on the driveway, it is worth installing both motion and light sensors at once. Light-sensitive sensors will work when dusk falls, but the light will not appear until a moving object (car) appears in the coverage area. So that the lighting does not turn off immediately after the car drives off, the motion sensor must be with a turn-off delay. Convenient and economical, but not without drawbacks. The disadvantage is that incorrectly configured sensors can "unauthorized" turn on the light. Sometimes this happens in cloudy weather, sometimes dogs, cats and even birds are mistaken for a car or a person.

The lighting of paths and stairs can be turned on according to the same principle, or you can put a time relay. But this option is not very convenient, since the settings have to be changed periodically - with each change of season, or even more often. When developing street lighting with your own hands, consider ways to turn it on / off so that you don’t have to redo it later.

Lamps for street lighting

Used in street lighting different types lamps. Ideal light sources have not yet been invented, but there are good options. In order for street lighting planned by your own hands to be beautiful and economical, you need to choose the right lamps. It depends on them the amount of electricity consumed.

Familiar Options

Incandescent lamps are not suitable for outdoor lighting. Their main advantage is a low price, but this is not the best solution - they have a short service life and low energy efficiency. Everyone knows that they have a low efficiency, which is why, with a large consumption of electricity, they give out little light. And since outdoor lighting requires high-power light sources, the bills for light will come in big.

Luminescent. They are more expensive than incandescent lamps, but have several times longer service life and consume 3 times less electricity. So in the long run, they will help save money. This solution has a serious drawback: at low temperatures, fluorescent lamps may not light up.

gas-discharge

They have been in use for over half a century. They can be found on the streets, in shopping centers, in stadiums. They are popular because they consume little electricity, have a long service life and the light emitted by them remains stable and does not dim. They are not used for housing lighting, as they make noise and blink during operation.

But they also have a number of disadvantages:

Therefore, gas-discharge lamps are gradually being replaced by other types. Even more economical and with more simple design and significantly longer service life.

Arc mercury lamps

Arc mercury lamps have one significant drawback - they contain mercury vapor. However, they are popular due to their high light output with low power consumption. There can be three types:

Arc mercury lamps are usually used where a powerful light source is needed: on a pole that illuminates the street near the gate, the gate itself or the yard. To illuminate the paths, other light sources are often placed on the lanterns near the entrance to the house, the bathhouse.

LED lightening

At the moment, this is probably the best choice for street lighting of the house and the site. They are economical (compared to incandescent lamps, they give 7-10 times more light), have a very long service life - from 30,000 hours to 80,000 hours, do not distort light transmission, and can have different shades of glow.

The disadvantage of LEDs is that they operate on 12 V or 24 V, which implies the presence of a converter. There are lamps with a built-in transformer, they are screwed directly into a lamp connected to a 220 V network. The second disadvantage is the high cost.

Another disadvantage is that over time the glow becomes dimmer. But the life of the LEDs is specified until the moment when the radiation is reduced to 50% of the original. And this is about 30 years. So, for about 10-15 years, you will not notice any changes.

Technical requirements

Even before the start of work, it is necessary to clearly imagine the order and scope of work, and without knowledge of the technical requirements this is impossible. Here's how to do it right:

These are the most important points that cannot be bypassed. Only in this way will street lighting with your own hands be correct and efficient. And another tip: do not rely on your memory, draw up a detailed plan for laying cables, with reference to the area, large buildings, etc. The more information saved, the easier it will be to deal with problems.

How to pay less for site lighting

Let's say right away that this is not about how to "smart" with the counter, but about how to legally make the accounts small. It doesn’t matter if you make street lighting with your own hands or hire specialists, you can offer the concept yourself.

Choosing economical lamps

Try not to use incandescent lamps to illuminate the area. They "pull" too much electricity. For the rest, the choice is yours. All other light sources are more economical.

We use solar powered lights

You can reduce bills for lighting the site by using lanterns on light elements. Their installation does not cause problems at all. Each flashlight is an independent device that does not need to be connected to the network. Just dug in the right place and that's it. Lighting works.

The disadvantage of such systems is their dependence on sunny weather. Yes, in those regions where the sun is a rare guest, such lighting is inefficient, but in the rest it works very well. And for high-quality lamps with powerful solar panels, there is practically no downtime due to bad weather, and they shine far away. Not like cheap Chinese lanterns, which can only be used for decorative lighting, since they give very, very little light.

The main problem is that good powerful solar-powered street lights are expensive. But they have a built-in high-capacity battery, which will provide the lamp (LED, by the way) with energy for several days. So in this case, a period of bad weather is not terrible.

For those who are still afraid of long periods without the sun, you can install backup lighting that works from the network. Turn it on only when the solar lights fail. It is more difficult to make such street lighting with your own hands, but everything is possible.

When it gets dark outside, there is a feeling of discomfort. Unlit places are dangerous. You can stumble, stumble on an obstacle or get injured. Darkness increases the risk of being attacked or stolen. Therefore, there is a need for street lighting at night. But often we are faced with the fact that in the yard or on the street the lights do not burn or are completely absent. This especially often happens in areas of new buildings or residential complexes, multi-apartment buildings in sleeping areas.

Street lighting on poles - who serves? What to do if there is no lighting near residential buildings? Where to contact or whom to call in this case? Let's try to understand these issues.

Field of activity of the outdoor lighting service

The street lighting service performs maintenance, maintenance and repair of structures, namely:

• prevention and maintenance of structures;
• changing lamps, monitoring the health of equipment and electrical networks;
• inspection of switchgears and regular cleaning;
• inspection of telemechanical control devices, street lighting installations with a check of all structural elements;
• cleaning reflectors, reflectors. Minor repair of contact connections and fasteners;
• painting of metal surfaces of devices, taking into account the fact that it is necessary to restore coatings once every 3 years;
• current repair with a set of measures;
• capital repair work.

In the case of manual control of the lighting system, schedules are drawn up for turning on and off devices.

Procedure for solving street lighting problems

Street lighting is controlled by state and municipal executive authorities. They are authorized to conclude contracts with organizations servicing street lighting devices. First you need to contact the local government to find out the main points:

• information about the customer who has concluded a lighting maintenance contract;
• a specific lighting service area is under federal or municipal jurisdiction;
• which organization is in charge of providing lighting for the street in question.

It is better to submit an appeal in writing indicating the area with no lighting and asking to fix the problem.

Having received the necessary information, you need to make two complaints: to the customer and the service organization. And only in the event that measures are not taken after the 30-day period, contact a higher authority. More information about the general principles of organizing local self-government in the Russian Federation and the city lighting system can be found in Art. 16 of the Federal Law of 06.10.2003 No. 131-FZ.

The permissible number of non-working street lamps, according to the rules of sanitary maintenance, is no more than 10% in the underground passage and 5% in the illumination of the local area.

If there is no light in the courtyard of the house, the management company is responsible for street lighting, its serviceability and availability. To begin with, it is necessary to draw up an act in which to state all known information about the fact of the lack of lighting: address, house number, date and signatures of neighbors or a senior in the house, indicating his phone number and other data. The act must be drawn up in two copies in order to receive a mark on the date and the responsible person who received the document on your copy.

If possible, supplement your claim to fix the problem with photographs of the area where the necessary lighting is missing or does not meet lighting standards. According to Art. 314 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, an authorized representative of the company within 7 working days will have to check the data set out in the application certificate, answer the question about eliminating the breakdown of the device or the possibility of replacing or installing it, if there is none at all.

If the management company ignores your requirements, there will be grounds for recalculating the amount of payment for maintaining the house and filing a complaint with the administration of the municipality or the prosecutor's office. It is better if the appeal is collective, including the signatures of all adult residents of the house or houses located in an unlit area. If after 30 days the answer is not received, and no one will take care of the coverage, then you can file documents with the court.

Lighting in villages and rural settlements

In the conditions of rural life, the issue of illumination of the territory is almost always acute. Even if there are a sufficient number of devices, then, as a rule, they do not light up at night or turn on only for a few hours. SNiP 23-05-95 regulates the lighting standards for village squares, according to which at least 8/10 of the territory should be illuminated. The only exceptions are very small settlements, where the standard establishes the presence of two street lamps: at the entrance and exit.

Financing countryside provided by the federal treasury. The money is distributed by the administration, which decides on the installation and operation of lighting. The local municipality, according to Law No. 131-FZ, is responsible for maintaining and providing lighting.

However, there is always a shortage of money, there is nothing to pay energy sales departments for repair or other technical work. Therefore, to date, the problem of lighting in rural areas is still not resolved, however, like many other issues of village development and Agriculture generally.

Street lighting standards

To ensure the proper level of illumination, there are SNiP norms that define the standards for streets, roads and other external territories, and instructions for designing outdoor lighting for settlements.

Conventionally, the territories of settlements are divided into 3 types:

• roads and streets of local importance;
• streets and roads of regional significance;
• high-speed roads.

Indicators of the average level of illumination depend on the intensity of traffic:

• adjoining territories should have illumination from 4 lux;
• squares, roads, streets with a traffic of up to 500 people per hour - the illumination rate is 6 lux;
• from 500 - 8 suites;
• from 550 to 1000 - at least 10 lux;
• district streets and highways with a traffic intensity of 1000 people or more require 15 lux;
• when passing 3000 people or more, a luminous flux of 20 lux must be provided;
• bridges, junctions, road overpasses and city squares, according to the standards, require an illumination level of 20 or 25 lux.

Types of poles and rules for their installation

To provide a sufficient level of light to the maximum area, it is necessary to install fixtures at a certain height. For this, special supports are used - poles, which are made of various materials:

• Tree. Pine wood is used for lighting fixtures. These poles are inexpensive, light weight and easy to install. In addition, they are quite safe in emergency situations. The disadvantages include their fragility, they require special treatment against decay and do not have a good appearance.

• Concrete. Supports are low cost. They are easy to use and quite durable. The disadvantages of the structures are the rough appearance and the fear of the proximity of the passage of groundwater.
• Reinforced concrete. Poles of this type are durable, not sensitive to corrosion, and inexpensive. Disadvantages: high cost of installation and maintenance during operation. Appearance the same as for concrete supports.
• Metal (steel or aluminum). Such supports are durable, strong, stable and quite decorative. The disadvantages include the high cost and the need for periodic painting.

When installing poles for lighting fixtures, due attention must be paid to the foundation . With a lawn installation, the depth must be at least 80 cm. For other types of installation of poles, immersion in the ground must be carried out to a depth of 160 cm.

Other requirements include the following:

• the distance between the supports is not less than 60 cm;
• alignment of pillars in one row;
• lining up in two rows with a rectangular or checkerboard pattern.

The distance of the devices from the curb of the road depends on the traffic intensity:

• roads on which freight transport does not travel - 0.3 m;
• minor roads - 0.6 m;
• highways - 1 m.

Types of outdoor lighting lamps and advantages of LED lamps

Various lamps are used in street lighting:

• mercury;
• sodium;
• metal halide lamps;
• LED.

IN last years more and more city streets are filled with LED lights. A number of undeniable advantages of lamps of this type allows you to close the eyes of diligent and wise officials at a fairly high cost. Distinctive features LED outdoor fixtures are:

• durability;
• strength;
• high resistance to vibration, humidity, temperature changes, dust;
• profitability;
• emitting even and bright light that does not dazzle drivers and pedestrians.

The importance and necessity of street lighting on poles is undeniable: for safety traffic, for the convenience of pedestrians, for a sense of security and comfort in the dark.

In the infrastructure of any city, street lighting plays an important role not only in roads and parks, but also in the adjacent territory. It is this lighting that plays an important role in the life of the city to create safe conditions for movement.

Outdoor area lighting

At the same time, it is the local residents who often have questions about how correctly it was organized in their yard lighting and who should monitor it. This and other issues will be discussed in this article.

Why is home lighting necessary?

Creating high-quality lighting in the local area is an important part of the infrastructure of each district of the city. Illumination near the house performs the following tasks, which become necessary with the advent of evening and night:

• creates sufficient illumination of the roadway, which is available in the courtyard of the house. Thanks to her, all the bumps and features of the road surface, as well as the territory adjacent to it, are clearly visible even at night;
• ensuring good visibility both for vehicles entering parking spaces and for pedestrians who are walking around the yard at this time;
• enables people and vehicles to navigate well in space, which minimizes the risk of injury or accidents;
• increases security in yards, as according to statistics, robbers do not attack their victims in well-lit areas.

Note! High-quality lighting of the house and the territory adjacent to it can improve the crime situation in the area.

Night illumination of the yard

But in order for the night lighting of an apartment building and courtyard to be able to fulfill the functions assigned to it, it must be organized in a certain way, necessarily based on established standards.

Courtyard lighting - how to properly illuminate

Any actions that relate to the organization of lighting in the house, on the street or in any structure of a public or industrial plan, must be based on specific rules, regulations and requirements. Many today think that the requirement is relevant only for rooms where people do their work or relax. But this is a delusion, since improperly organized street lighting can cause no less harm to people's life and health than indoor lighting.
All the rules that relate to what kind of lighting should be done for an apartment building and the territory adjacent to it are prescribed in the regulatory documentation - SNIP. At the same time, a large role is given to the level of illumination, which must be organized in each specific situation. Below is a table that shows the illumination standards for certain moments of outdoor lighting in the local area.

Norms of illumination of the local area

It is on these illumination standards that organizations involved in the creation of street illumination of houses and the territory adjacent to them should be based.

Note! The illumination standards given in the SNIP are advisory in nature and may change slightly (but not below the established values) when certain parameters are changed. At the same time, it is necessary to strive to ensure that these standards are met as accurately as possible. After all, with a significant deviation from them qualitatively, street lighting will decrease.

At the same time, cities and villages have their own illumination standards, dictated by various parameters and features of the settlement.
For example, to influence the calculation that will be carried out to calculate the illumination norm for a particular case, it should be based not only on the instructions of SNIP, but also on:

• the area of ​​the house, as well as the territory adjacent to it;
• the number of lighting fixtures that will be included in the outdoor lighting system, as well as their type;

Note! Household lighting can be implemented various types lighting fixtures: lanterns, spotlights, wall lamps, etc. In addition, each type of illumination will be characterized by its own technical parameters work.

Household lighting fixtures

• type of light source screwed into street-type luminaires. Today, incandescent lamps, on the basis of which the illumination standards were calculated for various premises and sections of the street, recede into the past. Instead, LED, halogen and fluorescent light sources are increasingly being used. Each type of light bulb has its own operating parameters (power, etc.), which must be taken into account when making the necessary calculations.

All these manipulations and calculations, which are necessary for high-quality lighting of the house and the territory adjacent to it, should be carried out qualified specialists and regulated by government agencies responsible for street lighting.

Responsible for the light

If the relevant documentation is responsible for the norms and rules for organizing street lighting, then people who work in public institutions are fully responsible for their implementation.
In addition to SNIP, documents of federal and regional or local significance may contain norms for the level of illumination and various additional recommendations. For example, in the Russian Federation The federal law No. 131-FZ of October 6, 2003 (as amended on July 21, 2007), which assigns the responsibility of the authorities for the creation of street lighting on the territory of the municipality. According to this law, as well as a number of other legislative documents, local authorities must monitor not only the proper organization of street lighting, but also the maintenance of the system in working order.

Home illumination

In fact, the public housing and communal services service (its separate divisions), as well as divisions of energy companies to implement the technical side of street lighting, should monitor the outdoor lighting of the territory of the house. The territorial administration must pay for their work. Also, other organizations with which an appropriate agreement has been concluded, or companies that have the engineering system of a particular settlement on their balance sheets, can also be responsible for street lighting of houses and territories adjacent to them.
It is these organizations that determine the following parameters of street lighting in the local area:

• the duration of the operation of lighting devices at night;
• the number of lanterns that will be installed near the house and the territory adjacent to it;
• What time will the lights turn on?

Therefore, if for some reason there is no lighting on the street, you need to contact the above organizations and companies, which will differ for each individual district of the settlement. Of course, the question “where to turn or complain if there is no light in the courtyard of the house” can be answered in different ways. After all, each division will be responsible only for a certain area of ​​the organization of the street lighting system. For example, according to Article 16, the administration of the city district is responsible for the lighting schedule in the evening and at night. But the obligation to maintain the lighting system is usually assigned to the owners of buildings.

Who receives complaints

If a malfunction of the lighting system of the house and the territory adjacent to it was noticed (for example, there is no light at night and in the evening, one lamp is faulty, etc.), you must contact the appropriate institution with a complaint or statement.

Proper yard lighting

But, since it is not always clear where to go, you need to contact your housing and communal services department in order to find out more detailed information about those responsible.

Note! Every resident of any locality has the right to know how the budget is spent, what funds are allocated to support street lighting of houses and territories adjacent to them, and other issues related to such lighting.

To change the situation when there is no light in the yard, you need to do the following manipulations:

• write a statement in writing;
• apply with it to the local executive authority.

After these actions, the organization that accepted the application must take a number of appropriate actions, depending on the reason for the submission of the document by a resident of the area:

• send a repair team to find out the cause of this or that situation (no light, various system breakdowns);
• within the terms specified by the local executive authority, repair work must be carried out to eliminate the identified violations.

If this organization does not carry out the above manipulations, then it must answer the following questions:

• who manages the maintenance of lighting in the specified territory;
• who acts as a customer under the concluded contract for the maintenance of the lighting system;
• which organization is assigned to maintain the backlight in a particular place.

This information will allow you to competently and correctly draw up a complaint and submit it to the right organization. If there is no response to the submitted complaint, then it is necessary to submit it to a higher executive body.

Yard lighting options

Today, lighting of the local area can be carried out in several ways.
The first option for organizing courtyard lighting involves placing a wall lamp above the entrance canopy.

Entrance lighting

It can use any type of lamp, as well as a light source (LED, fluorescent, etc.). Recently, economical light sources have been used for these purposes, which save energy, which is very important for this type of backlight.
This lighting option allows you to illuminate only the area in front of the entrance. Therefore, it is rarely used. It usually comes in combination with other lighting options.
The second option for lighting the courtyard involves placing a wall-mounted outdoor lamp above the canopy at a height of approximately 8.5 meters from ground level.

Second lighting option

In this case, the lamps should be located at an angle of 25 degrees to the horizon. This lighting option gives a much larger area of ​​courtyard lighting, which will capture not only the area in front of the entrance, but part of the roadway.
The third version of the courtyard lighting. It involves the use of both types of lighting devices described in previous versions.

The third option for lighting the yard

In addition, floor lamps are used to illuminate the local area. The distance between them is also regulated by regulatory documents, as are the norms of illumination. With the help of such lighting fixtures placed along the road, it is possible to illuminate the carriageway with high quality, as well as playgrounds and parking lots located in the courtyard of an apartment building.

Yard lighting with lanterns

by the most effective way illumination of the local area is the use of both lanterns and lamps placed above front door to the entrance.