Do-it-yourself warm water floor in the apartment. How to make warm water floors in a private house. Connecting the underfloor heating collector

Do you want to make your home cozy, modern and warm? Pay attention to the warm water floor. In this article, we will describe in detail all its advantages and disadvantages, we will tell you how to choose pipes and lay them, we will describe the diagram of the collector and the control system.

Advantages and disadvantages of a water-heated floor. Preparation of the base. The nuances of installation. Selection of pipes, methods of laying them, frequency of turns and fixing options. Screed and ripening dates.

Device and principle of operation

A water underfloor heating is a room heating system in which the heat carrier circulates along the circuit under the floor covering. Please note that the pipes are not always in the screed. There are "floor systems" in which the contour is not filled with concrete.

Upon closer examination, the water floor heating cake consists of the following elements:

Prepared base;
Screed (5 cm);
Heat insulator (5 cm);
Pipes (2 cm);
Screed (4 cm);
Floor covering (2 cm).

Depending on the pipes used, there may be several layers of waterproofing. The base is a sub-floor in the basement or on the first floor of a private house. The first layer of screed is required precisely in the absence of a flat surface.

Heat insulator 5 cm thick - standard solution... But if possible, it is better to increase the thickness to 10 cm. This increases the efficiency of the entire system by 10-15%. Especially if a water-heated floor is installed on the first floor. The best material for this layer is extruded polystyrene foam.

Pipes in the vast majority of water heated floors are used with a diameter of 16 mm.

The second layer of the screed covers the entire system and serves as a giant heat accumulator.

The thickness of the cake of a water heated floor varies from 18 to 23 cm. And the mass of 1 m 2 of this system reaches a quarter of a ton! Such harsh conditions significantly limit the spread of water-heated floors.

The circuit is connected to the pump and the boiler through a regulation and control system.

Where can I use

In view of the sufficient thickness and mass of the entire system, its use is limited to private housing construction. It is extremely irrational to install a water-heated floor in apartments.

The main reason is the difficulty with connecting the power supply. The central heating system can only be connected with permission from the regulatory authorities. And getting it is almost impossible. Even if it does, the main leitmotif - autonomy - will disappear. We know of options for installing electric and even gas boilers in an apartment, but these are isolated cases that only confirm the rule: water underfloor heating is used only in private houses.

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantages of underfloor heating are fully disclosed only when using cheap energy sources, such as gas, coal, firewood. Heating the coolant with an electric boiler is approximately 7 times more expensive than when using gas equipment.

The huge heat capacity of the water floor heating system is another plus. The room in which there is ≈ 100 kg / m2 of heated concrete cannot quickly cool down (only the top layer of the screed is taken into account).

But there are also disadvantages. First of all, it is a monstrous inertia. It takes time and energy to warm up such a screed layer.

The inertia leads to the fact that the temperature control of the heated water floor is very conditional. Control equipment takes temperature readings from the coolant, floor surface and air (in some thermostats). But the changes made through the thermostat appear very slowly.

Installation of underfloor heating

The task is quite difficult, but doable. Only first you need to level the base. This is a very important requirement, given that it will still be necessary to level it and do it more efficiently with the first layer of screed. Why?

For example, the height difference in the room is 3 cm. If you immediately lay the pipe and only then level it with a screed, it turns out that in one corner the height of the cement mixture will be minimal - 4 cm, and in the other 7. This means that during the operation of warm floors, with On the one hand, they will heat 4 cm, and on the other, 7 cm of concrete. Such an uneven load has a very detrimental effect on the entire system as a whole and leads to rapid damage to the floor covering.

Therefore, the first and important stage is leveling the floors along the horizon. To prepare concrete floors you will need:

Beacon profile;
Laser level;
Construction square;
5-10 kg of gypsum;
Primer;
Mobile concrete mixer;
Cement;
The fiber is polypropylene.

Work progress:

The floors are swept and primed. While the soil dries, beacons are set up. For this, a laser level is installed in the middle of the room so that the projection of the horizontal beam is at a height of 15-20 cm from the floor. Then the height from the floor to the beam in different corners of the room is measured with a square and the highest point is determined from the results. In this place, the height of the screed will be the minimum permissible - 4 cm. In other places - according to need.

To install beacons, plaster of paris is diluted to the state of thick sour cream. Then small heaps are made from the resulting mass along one wall, with a step of 60-80 cm, a beacon profile is laid on them. Attaching a square to it, align it with the horizon, placing it at the desired height. There should be 50 cm from the wall to the first lighthouse. The distance between neighboring lighthouses varies depending on the length of the rule (focus on 1-1.3 m). Please note, the plaster sets quickly, the work is carried out "without a smoke break."

After about 30-40 m, the screed can be poured. Cement is diluted with ASG in a ratio of 1: 5. Polypropylene fiber is added at the rate of 80 gr. per 100 liters of the mixture. Fiber is an element of dispersed reinforcement, qualitatively increasing the strength of the coating. In addition, after curing, the new surface will be perfectly smooth.

Pour the resulting mixture in such a way that each next portion, 10-15 cm goes to the previous one. By level, the screed is aligned with the rule, with an orientation along the beacons.

After pouring the entire surface, it takes time for the technical maturation of the cement-sand screed. Calculation, approximately, the next 1 cm of thickness - 1 week.

Thermal insulator laying

Extruded polystyrene foam and cross-linked polyethylene foam, only these two materials can be used for thermal insulation in a water-heated floor system.

Before laying the sheets of heat insulator, a damper tape 10-12 mm thick is glued around the perimeter of the room. It serves not only to compensate for the thermal expansion of the screed, but also to prevent heat from escaping into the walls. In height, it should protrude beyond the boundaries of the top layer of the screed.

The sheets of the heat insulator are laid out randomly and necessarily on the waterproofing layer. For waterproofing, it is best to use a polyethylene film with a thickness of 0.2 mm.

If you decide to make the thickness of the insulation 10 cm, it will be better if you lay two layers of 5 cm thick slabs. It is necessary with a break between the layers.

There is an option to use special slabs as a heat insulator designed for organizing water-heated floors. Their difference is in the bosses on one of the surfaces. A pipe is laid between these lugs. But their cost is unreasonably high. In addition, not all pipes will be held in such slabs. For example, polypropylene and polyethylene pipes are too resilient and require additional fixation.

The pipes are not attached to the heat insulator. The fasteners must go through the foam layer and fix in the screed. This is a very time consuming process considering the volume of work.

Mounting tapes are a more acceptable solution, but it is very difficult to lay the pipe on them with a spiral (snail).

The best option would be to fix the pipes to the mesh. In this case, the mesh will serve specifically for fastening pipes, and not for reinforcing the screed.

There are special meshes made of biaxially oriented polypropylene, or you can use a simple masonry mesh.

Selection of pipes and their laying

The following types of pipes are suitable for a water-heated floor:

Copper;
Polypropylene;
Polyethylene PERT and PEX;
Reinforced plastic;
Corrugated stainless steel.

They have their own strengths and weaknesses.

Characteristic Material	Radius	Heat transfer	Elasticity	Electrical conductivity	Life time*	Price for 1 m. **	Comments
Polypropylene	Ø 8	Low	High	Not	20 years	22 RUR	Bend only with heating. Frost resistant.
Polyethylene PERT / PEX	Ø 5	Low	High	Not	20/25 years old	36/55 RUR	Cannot withstand overheating.
Metal-plastic	Ø 8	Below the average	Not	Not	25 years	60 RUR	Bend only with special equipment. Not frost resistant.
Copper	Ø3	High	Not	Yes, requires grounding	50 years	240 RUR	Good electrical conductivity can cause corrosion. Grounding required.
Corrugated stainless steel	Ø 2.5-3	High	Not	Yes, requires grounding	30 years	92 RUR

Note:

* the characteristics of pipes are considered when operating in water heated floors.

** Prices are taken from the Yandex.market.

The choice is very difficult when trying to save money on yourself. Of course, you don't have to take copper ones for consideration - it's very expensive. But corrugated stainless steel, at a higher price, has extremely good heat transfer. The temperature difference in the return and in the supply is the largest. This means that they give off heat better than their competitors. Considering the small bend radius, ease of use and high performance, this is the most worthy choice.

Laying of pipes is possible with a spiral and a snake. Each option has its pros and cons:

Snake - simple installation, almost always there is a "zebra effect".
Snail - uniform heating, material consumption increases by 20%, laying is more laborious and laborious.

But these methods can be combined within one contour. For example, along the walls "looking" to the street, the pipe is laid with a snake, and on the rest of the square with a snail. You can also change the frequency of the turns.

There are generally accepted standards that professionals are guided by:

Step - 20 cm;
Pipe length in one circuit is not more than 120 m;
If there are several contours, then their length should be the same.

It is better not to start pipes under stationary and large-sized interior items. For example, under a gas stove.

IMPORTANT: be sure to draw the installation scheme to scale.

Laying begins from the collector. By unwinding the coil, the pipe is fixed according to the diagram. It is convenient to use plastic clamps for fastening.

Corrugated stainless steel is produced in coils of 50 m. To connect it, use proprietary couplings.

The last element laid between the pipe turns is the thermal sensor. It is pushed into the corrugated pipe, the end of which is plugged and tied to the mesh. The distance from the wall is at least 0.5 m. Don't forget: 1 circuit - 1 thermal sensor. The other end of the corrugated pipe is brought out to the wall and then, along the shortest path, is brought to the thermostat.

Control system and pressure testing of the circuit

The water underfloor heating control system includes:

Pump;
Boiler;
Collector;
Thermoregulator.

Layout of all elements in compliance technical parameters, a very difficult heat engineering problem. The calculation takes into account the mass of parameters starting from the number of fittings and the length of the pipes, and ending with the thickness of the walls and the region of the country. In general terms, you can focus on the following data:

The pump can only be used circulating. "Wet" type of pump, more reliable than "Dry" and less demanding in service.

Use the following formula to calculate performance:

P \u003d 0.172 x W.

Where W is the power of the heating system.

For example, with a system power of 20 kW, the pump capacity should be 20 x 0.172 \u003d 3.44 m 3 / h. Round the result up.

The pressure is calculated by a more complex technique. After all, the pipes are located horizontally, and the characteristics of the pump show the vertical head. Use the following formula: H \u003d (L * K) + Z / 10. Where L is the total length of the circuits, K is the coefficient of pressure loss from friction (indicated in the pipe passport, translated into MPa), Z is the coefficient of pressure reduction in additional elements

Z 1 - 1.7 thermostat valve;

Z 2 - 1.2 mixer;

Z 3 - 1,3 valves and fittings.

For example, it looks like this, for example, there are 3 circuits, 120 m each. In total, there are 18 fittings, 3 thermostat valves, 1 mixer. Pipe - corrugated stainless steel ø16 mm, loss factor 0.025 MPa.

H \u003d (120 * 3 * 0.025) + ((1.7 * 3) + (1.3 * 1) + (1.2 * 18)) / 10 \u003d 9 + (5.1 + 1.3 + 21 , 6) / 10 \u003d 11.8 m.The result is rounded up - the pump head is 12 m.

Boiler power is calculated using the formula W \u003d S * 0.1. Where S is the area of \u200b\u200bthe house. There are also a lot of correction factors, depending on the thickness and material of the walls of the house, the climate of the region, the number of storeys, the presence of adjacent rooms.

Please note that the leaving water temperature must be over 30 - 35'˚C. To withstand this temperature, a mixer is installed in front of the manifold. In it, water is mixed to the desired temperature before being fed into the circuit.

The manifold regulates the water supply to each circuit. Without it, water will follow the path of least resistance to flow, that is, along the shortest path. The regulation is carried out by servo drives, according to the data from the thermostat.
Thermoregulators monitor the temperature in controlled rooms by taking readings from temperature sensors.

Before pressing the circuit, it is flushed and only then connected to the manifold. Water is supplied under normal pressure, but the temperature is increased by 4˚C per hour to 50˚C. In this mode, the system should function for 60-72 hours. IMPORTANT: constant monitoring is required during crimping!

At home, without the use of special equipment, it is impossible to pressurize with high pressure.

If the check did not reveal any flaws in the installation, then you can proceed to further operations.

Screed

IMPORTANT: the top layer of the screed is poured only when the contour is filled. But before that, metal pipes grounded and covered with a thick plastic wrap. This is an important condition to prevent corrosion due to electrochemical interactions of materials.

The issue of reinforcement can be solved in two ways. The first is to put a masonry mesh on top of the pipe. But with this option, cracks may appear as a result of shrinkage.

Another way is dispersed fiber reinforcement. When pouring water-heated floors, steel fiber is best suited. Added in the amount of 1 kg / m 3 of the solution, it will be evenly distributed throughout the volume and will qualitatively increase the strength of the hardened concrete. Polypropylene fiber is much less suitable for the top layer of the screed, because the strength characteristics of steel and polypropylene do not even compete with each other.

Beacons are installed and the solution is mixed according to the above recipe. The screed thickness should be at least 4 cm above the pipe surface. Considering that the pipe ø is 16 mm, the total thickness will reach 6 cm. The maturation time of such a layer of cement screed is 1.5 months. IMPORTANT: It is unacceptable to speed up the process by including floor heating! It is a complex chemical reaction of "cement stone" formation that occurs in the presence of water. And heating will cause it to evaporate.

The ripening of the screed can be accelerated by including special additives in the recipe. Some of them cause complete hydration of the cement after 7 days. And in addition, they significantly reduce shrinkage.

You can determine the readiness of the screed by placing a roll of toilet paper on the surface and covering it with a saucepan. If the ripening process is over, then in the morning the paper will be dry.

First turn on

A very important stage in the operation of a water heated floor. So that the screed does not crack from uneven heating, and the pipes are not damaged, the inclusion is carried out according to the following scheme:

1 day - temperature 20 ˚C.

2 days - increase the temperature by 3 ˚C.

On the 3rd and next day, the temperature is raised by 4 ˚C, until the operating mode is reached.

Only after that, you can proceed to the installation of the floor covering.

The most common way to implement underfloor heating systems is monolithic concrete floors, made by the so-called “wet” method. The floor structure is “ layered cake”From various materials (fig. 1).

Fig. 1 Laying underfloor heating loops with a single coil

Installation of underfloor heating system begins with surface preparation for underfloor heating installation. The surface must be leveled, irregularities in the area must not exceed ± 5 mm. Irregularities and protrusions no more than 10 mm are allowed. If necessary, the surface is leveled with an additional screed. Failure to comply with this requirement may lead to “airing” of the pipes. If there is high humidity in the room located below, it is advisable to install a waterproofing (polyethylene film).

After leveling the surface, it is necessary to lay a damper tape at least 5 mm wide along the side walls to compensate for the thermal expansion of the underfloor heating monolith. It should be laid along all walls framing the room, racks, door frames, bends, etc. The tape should protrude at least 20 mm above the planned height of the floor structure.

After that, a layer of thermal insulation is laid to prevent heat leakage into the lower rooms. It is recommended to use foam materials (polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.) with a density of at least 25 kg / m 3 as thermal insulation. If it is impossible to lay thick layers of thermal insulation, then in this case foil-clad thermal insulation materials with a thickness of 5 or 10 mm are used. It is important that foil-clad thermal insulation materials have a protective film on the aluminum. Otherwise, the alkaline environment of the concrete screed destroys the foil layer within 3–5 weeks.

The pipes are laid out with a certain pitch and in the desired configuration. In this case, it is recommended that the supply pipeline should be laid closer to the outer walls.

When laying “single coil” (fig. 2), the temperature distribution of the floor surface is not uniform.

Fig. 2 Laying underfloor heating loops with a single coil

In spiral laying (Fig. 3), pipes with opposite flow directions alternate, with the hottest section of the pipe adjacent to the coldest one. This leads to an even temperature distribution over the floor surface.

Fig. 3 Laying floor heating loops in a spiral.

The pipe is laid according to the markings applied to the heat insulator, with anchor brackets every 0.3 - 0.5 m, or between special projections of the heat insulator. The laying step is calculated and lies in the range from 10 to 30 cm, but should not exceed 30 cm, otherwise uneven heating of the floor surface will occur with the appearance of warm and cold stripes. Areas near the outer walls of a building are called boundary zones. Here it is recommended to reduce the pipe spacing in order to compensate for heat loss through the walls. The length of one loop (loop) of a warm floor should not exceed 100–120 m, the pressure loss per loop (together with fittings) should not exceed 20 kPa; the minimum speed of water movement is 0.2 m / s (to avoid the formation of air jams in the system).

After laying out the hinges, immediately before pouring the screed, the system is pressurized at a pressure of 1.5 from the working pressure, but not less than 0.3 MPa.

When pouring a cement-sand screed, the pipe must be under a water pressure of 0.3 MPa at room temperature. The minimum filling height above the pipe surface must be at least 3 cm (the maximum recommended height, according to European standards, is 7 cm). The cement-sand mixture must be at least 400 grade with a plasticizer. It is recommended to “vibrate” the screed after pouring. With a length monolithic slab more than 8 m or an area of \u200b\u200bmore than 40 m 2, it is necessary to provide joints between the plates with a minimum thickness of 5 mm to compensate for the thermal expansion of the monolith. When pipes pass through the seams, they must have a protective sheath at least 1 m long.

The system is started only after complete drying of the concrete (approximately 4 days per 1 cm of the screed thickness). The water temperature when starting the system should be room temperature. After starting the system, daily increase the supply water temperature by 5 ° C to the operating temperature.

Basic temperature requirements for underfloor heating systems

26 ° С for rooms with constant presence of people
31 ° С for rooms with temporary stay of people and bypass paths of swimming pools
The surface temperature of the floor along the axis of the heating element in child care facilities, residential buildings and swimming pools should not exceed 35 ° C

According to SP 41-102-98, the temperature difference in certain areas of the floor should not exceed 10 ° C (optimally 5 ° C). The temperature of the coolant in the underfloor heating system should not exceed 55 ° C (SP 41-102-98 p. 3.5 a).

Set of water-heated floor 15 m 2

A set of underfloor heating for heating rooms with an area of \u200b\u200b15-20 m 2 with a mixing unit with manual regulation of the temperature of the heating agent based on the mixing and separating valve MIX 03. The operating temperature of the heating agent is set manually by turning the valve handle.

Name	vendor code	Qty	The cost
MP pipe Valtec	16(2,0)	100 m	3 580
Plasticizer	Silar (10L)	2x10 l	1 611
Damper tape	Energoflex Super 10 / 0.1-25	2x10 m	1 316
Thermal insulation	TP - 5 / 1,2-16	18 m 2	2 648
	MIX 03 ¾ "	1	1 400
Circulation pump	UPC 25-40	1	2 715
Nipple adapter	VT 580 1 "х3 / 4"	1	56.6
Nipple adapter	VT 580 1 "х1 / 2"	1	56.6
Ball valve	VT 218 ½ ”	1	93.4
	VTm 302 16x ½ ”	2	135.4
Ball valve	VT 219 ½ ”	1	93.4
Tee	VT 130 ½ ”	1	63.0
Barrel	VT 652 ½ "x60	1	63.0
Adapter Н-В	VT 581 ¾ "x ½"	1	30.1
Total			13 861.5

Set of water heated floor for 15 m 2 (with reinforced thermal insulation, with unheated lower rooms)

When laying the underfloor heating loop in a spiral (screed thickness 3 cm with a floor covering of ceramic tiles) with a step of 15-20 cm and a design temperature of the coolant of 30 ° C - the temperature of the floor surface is 24-26 ° C, the flow rate of the coolant is about 0.2 m 3 / h, the flow rate is 0.2-0.5 m / s, the pressure loss in the loop approximately 5 kPa (0.5 m).

An accurate calculation of thermal and hydraulic parameters can be carried out using the free underfloor heating calculation program Valtec Prog.

Name	vendor code	Qty	The cost
MP pipe Valtec	16(2,0)	100 m	3 580
Plasticizer	Silar (10L)	2x10 l	1 611
Damper tape	Energoflex Super 10 / 0.1-25	2x10 m	1 316
Thermal insulation	TP - 25 / 1.0-5	3x5 m 2	4 281
Three-way mixing valve	MIX 03 ¾ "	1	1 400
Circulation pump	UPC 25-40	1	2 715
Nipple adapter	VT 580 1 "х3 / 4"	1	56.6
Nipple adapter	VT 580 1 "х1 / 2"	1	56.6
Ball valve	VT 218 ½ ”	1	93.4
Straight connector with transition to female thread	VTm 302 16x ½ ”	2	135.4
Ball valve	VT 219 ½ ”	1	93.4
Tee	VT 130 ½ ”	1	63.0
Barrel	VT 652 ½ "x60	1	63.0
Adapter Н-В	VT 581 ¾ "x ½"	1	30.1
Total			15 494.5

Set of water floor heating up to 30 m 2 - 1

With spiral laying of the underfloor heating loop (screed thickness 3 cm with a ceramic floor covering) with a pitch of 15-20 cm and an estimated coolant temperature of 30 ° C - the floor surface temperature is 24-26 ° C, the coolant consumption is about 0.2 m 3 / h, flow speed 0.2-0.5 m / s, pressure loss in the loop is approximately 5 kPa (0.5 m).

An accurate calculation of thermal and hydraulic parameters can be carried out using the free underfloor heating calculation program Valtec Prog.

Name	vendor code	Qty	The cost
MP pipe Valtec	16(2,0)	200 m	7 160
Plasticizer	Silar (10L)	4x10 l	3 222
Damper tape	Energoflex Super 10 / 0.1-25	3x10 m	1 974
Thermal insulation	TP - 5 / 1,2-16	2x18 m 2	5 296
Three-way mixing valve	MIX 03 ¾ "	1	1 400
Nipple adapter	VT 580 1 "х3 / 4"	2	113.2
Nipple	VT 582 3/4 "	1	30.8
Tee	VT 130 ¾ "	1	96.7
Gon	VT 93 ¾ "	1	104.9
Direct drive	VT 341 ¾ "	1	104.9
Circulation pump	UPC 25-40	1	2 715
Ball valve	VT 217 ¾ "	2	266.4
Collector	VT 500n 2 out.x ¾ "x ½"	2	320
Bung	VT 583 ¾ "	2	61.6
Fitting for MP pipe	VT 710 16 (2.0)	4	247.6
Fitting for MP pipe	VTm 301 20 x ¾ "	1	92.4
Fitting for MP pipe	VTm 302 20 x ¾ "	1	101.0
Total			23 306.5

Set of water floor heating up to 30 m 2 - 2

A set of underfloor heating for heating rooms with an area of \u200b\u200b30-40 m 2 with a mixing unit with manual regulation of the temperature of the heating medium based on the mixing and separating valve MIX 03. The working temperature of the heating medium is set manually by turning the valve handle. To facilitate the release of air, the system is supplemented with automatic air vents and drain valves. To ensure an equal flow rate of the coolant in the underfloor heating loops, their length and the laying pattern must be the same. Reinforced thermal insulation allows you to arrange a system of underfloor heating over unheated rooms.

An accurate calculation of thermal and hydraulic parameters can be carried out using the free underfloor heating calculation program Valtec Prog.

Name	vendor code	Qty	The cost
MP pipe Valtec	16(2,0)	200 m	7 160
Plasticizer	Silar (10L)	4x10 l	3 222
Damper tape	Energoflex Super 10 / 0.1-25	3x10 m	1 974
Thermal insulation	TP - 25 / 1.0-5	6x5 m 2	8 562
Three-way mixing valve	MIX 03 ¾ "	1	1 400
Nipple adapter	VT 580 1 "х3 / 4"	2	113.2
Nipple	VT 582 3/4 "	1	30.8
Tee	VT 130 ¾ "	1	96.7
Gon	VT 93 ¾ "	1	104.9
Direct drive	VT 341 ¾ "	1	104.9
Circulation pump	UPC 25-40	1	2 715
Ball valve	VT 217 ¾ "	2	266.4
Collector	VT 500n 2 out.x ¾ "x ½"	2	320
Fitting for MP pipe	VT 710 16 (2.0)	4	247.6
Fitting for MP pipe	VTm 302 20 x ¾ "	1	101
Fitting for MP pipe	VTm 301 20 x ¾ "	1	92.4
	VT 530 3/4 "x 1/2" x3 / 8 "	2	238.4
Shut-off valve	VT 539 3/8 ”	2	97.4
Adapter B-N	VT 592 1/2 "х3 / 8"	2	49.4
	VT 502 1/2 "	2	320.8
Drain valve	VT 430 1/2 "	2	209.8
Total			27 446.7

Set of water heated floor up to 60 m 2 - 1

A set of underfloor heating for heating rooms with an area of \u200b\u200b60-80 m 2 with a mixing unit with manual adjustment of the temperature of the heating agent based on the mixing and separating valve MIX 03. The operating temperature of the heating agent is set manually by turning the valve handle. To facilitate air release, the system is supplemented with automatic air vents and drain valves. To ensure an equal flow rate of the heating agent in the underfloor heating loops (hydraulic balancing of the loops), collectors with integrated shut-off and control valves are used. Reinforced thermal insulation allows you to arrange a system of underfloor heating over unheated rooms.

An accurate calculation of thermal and hydraulic parameters can be carried out using the free underfloor heating calculation program Valtec Prog.

Name	vendor code	Qty	The cost
MP pipe Valtec	16(2,0)	400 m	14 320
Plasticizer	Silar (10L)	8x10 l	6 444
Damper tape	Energoflex Super 10 / 0.1-25	6x10 m	3 948
Thermal insulation	TP - 25 / 1.0-5	12x5 m 2	17 124
Three-way mixing valve	MIX 03 ¾ "	1	1 400
Nipple adapter	VT 580 1 "х3 / 4"	2	113.2
Nipple	VT 582 3/4 "	1	30.8
Tee	VT 130 ¾ "	1	96.7
Gon	VT 93 ¾ "	1	104.9
Direct drive	VT 341 ¾ "	1	104.9
Circulation pump	UPC 25-40	1	2 715
Ball valve	VT 217 ¾ "	2	266.4
Collector	VT 560n 4 out.x ¾ "x ½"	1	632.9
Collector	VT 580n 2 out.x ¾ "x ½"	2	741.8
Fitting for MP pipe	VT 710 16 (2.0)	8	495.2
Fitting for MP pipe	VTm 302 20 x ¾ "	1	101
Fitting for MP pipe	VTm 301 20 x ¾ "	1	92.4
Manifold tee for mounting an air vent and drain valve	VT 530 3/4 "x 1/2" x3 / 8 "	2	238.4
Shut-off valve	VT 539 3/8 ”	2	97.4
Adapter B-N	VT 592 1/2 "х3 / 8"	2	49.4
Automatic air vent	VT 502 1/2 "	2	320.8
Drain valve	VT 430 1/2 "	2	209.8
Manifold bracket	VT 130 3/4 "	2	266.4
Total

Set of water heated floor up to 60 m 2 - 2. (automatic temperature control)

A set of underfloor heating for heating rooms with an area of \u200b\u200b60-80 m 2 with a mixing unit with manual adjustment of the temperature of the heating medium based on the mixing and separating valve MIX 03. The operating temperature of the heating medium is automatically adjusted by the valve servo depending on the temperature of the heating medium set on the scale of the overhead thermostat. To facilitate air release, the system is supplemented with automatic air vents and drain valves. To ensure an equal flow rate of the heating agent in the underfloor heating loops (hydraulic balancing of the loops), collectors with integrated shut-off and control valves are used. Reinforced thermal insulation allows you to arrange a system of underfloor heating over unheated rooms.

An accurate calculation of thermal and hydraulic parameters can be carried out using the free underfloor heating calculation program Valtec Prog.

Name	vendor code	Qty	The cost
MP pipe Valtec	16(2,0)	400 m	14 320
Plasticizer	Silar (10L)	8x10 l	6 444
Damper tape	Energoflex Super 10 / 0.1-25	6x10 m	3 948
Thermal insulation	TP - 25 / 1.0-5	12x5 m2	17 124
Three-way mixing valve	MIX 03 ¾ "	1	1 400
Nipple adapter	VT 580 1 "х3 / 4"	2	113.2
Nipple	VT 582 3/4 "	1	30.8
Tee	VT 130 ¾ "	1	96.7
Gon	VT 93 ¾ "	1	104.9
Direct drive	VT 341 ¾ "	1	104.9
Circulation pump	UPC 25-40	1	2 715
Ball valve	VT 217 ¾ "	2	266.4
Collector	VT 560n 4 out.x ¾ "x ½"	1	632.9
Collector	VT 580n 2 out.x ¾ "x ½"	2	741.8
Fitting for MP pipe	VT 710 16 (2.0)	8	495.2
Fitting for MP pipe	VTm 302 20 x ¾ "	1	101
Fitting for MP pipe	VTm 301 20 x ¾ "	1	92.4
Manifold tee for mounting an air vent and drain valve	VT 530 3/4 "x 1/2" x3 / 8 "	2	238.4
Shut-off valve	VT 539 3/8 ”	2	97.4
Adapter B-N	VT 592 1/2 "х3 / 8"	2	49.4
Automatic air vent	VT 502 1/2 "	2	320.8
Drain valve	VT 430 1/2 "	2	209.8
	NR 230	1	3 919
	EM 548	1	550.3
Manifold bracket	VT 130 3/4 "	2	266.4
Total

Set of water heated floor up to 60 m 2 - 3. (automatic temperature control)

A set of underfloor heating for heating rooms with an area of \u200b\u200b60-80 m 2 with a mixing unit with manual adjustment of the temperature of the heating medium based on the mixing and separating valve MIX 03. The operating temperature of the heating medium is automatically adjusted by the valve servo depending on the temperature of the heating medium set on the scale of the overhead thermostat. The system uses a manifold block with control valves with flow meters (optional) to ensure equal flow of the heating agent in the underfloor heating loops (hydraulic balancing of the loops). The use of a collector regulated bypass allows the flow of heating agent to be redirected from the supply to the return collector in the case when the flow through the collector loops decreases below the value set on the bypass bypass valve. This allows you to maintain hydraulic performance collector system regardless of the influence of the collector loop controls (manual, thermostatic valves or servo drives).

An accurate calculation of thermal and hydraulic parameters can be carried out using the free underfloor heating calculation program Valtec Prog.

Name	vendor code	Qty	The cost
MP pipe Valtec	16(2,0)	400 m	14 320
Plasticizer	Silar (10L)	8x10 l	6 444
Damper tape	Energoflex Super 10 / 0.1-25	6x10 m	3 948
Thermal insulation	TP - 25 / 1.0-5	12x5 m 2	17 124
Three-way mixing valve	MIX 03 ¾ "	1	1 400
Drive straight B-N	VT 341 1 "	1	189.4
Circulation pump	UPC 25-40	1	2 715
Ball valve	VT 219 1 "	3	733.5
Collector block 1 **	VT 594 MNX 4x 1 "	1	4 036.1
Collector block 2 **	VT 595 MNX 4x 1 "	1	5 714.8
Dead-end bypass *	VT 666	1	884.6
	VT TA 4420 16 (2.0) x¾ "	8	549.6
Tee	VT 130 1 "	1	177.2
Servo motor for mixing valve	NR 230	1	3 919
Regulating thermostat	EM 548	1	550.3
Total 1			56 990.7
Total 2			58 669.4

** - at choice

A set of water-heated floor with an area of \u200b\u200bmore than 60 m 2. (pump-mixing unit Combimix)

A set of underfloor heating for heating rooms with an area of \u200b\u200bmore than 60 m 2 with a pump-mixing unit with automatic maintenance of the coolant temperature. The maximum power of the underfloor heating system is 20 kW. The system uses a manifold block with control valves with flow meters (optional) to ensure equal flow of the heating agent in the underfloor heating loops (hydraulic balancing of the loops).

An accurate calculation of the thermal and hydraulic parameters of underfloor heating loops can be carried out using the free underfloor heating calculation program Valtec Prog.

Name	vendor code	Qty	The cost
MP pipe Valtec	16(2,0)	from the square
Plasticizer	Silar (10L)	from the square
Damper tape	Energoflex Super 10 / 0.1-25	from the square
Thermal insulation	TP - 25 / 1.0-5	from the square
Pump-mixing unit	Combimix	1	9 010
Circulation pump 1 **	Wilo Star RS 25/4	1	3 551
Circulation pump 2 **	Wilo Star RS 25/6	1	4 308
Ball valve	VT 219 1 "	2	489
Collector block 1 **	VT 594 MNX	1	from the square
Collector block 2 **	VT 595 MNX	1	from the square
Fitting for MP pipe eurocone	VT TA 4420 16 (2.0) x¾ "	from the square (1)
Servo *	VT TE 3040	1	1 058.47
Programmable thermostat *	F151	1	2 940
Electromechanical thermostat *	F257	1	604.3

At its core, a hydraulic floor is pipe systemthrough which a liquid of a certain temperature circulates. Heating is carried out by a boiler, the design of which can include pump... Otherwise, it can be output separately. The pump is used to pump cooled water into the heating device.

At the entrance to the boiler, it is mandatory to install pressure gaugeallowing to control the pressure in the heating system. Hot water enters the piping system through collector... It also serves to drain the liquid.

The collector is a piece of pipe with two types of splitters: for hot and cooled water. The manifold includes emergency drain systems, adjustments and settings of the system operation, valves that prevent the reverse flow of liquid.

System mounting technology

Self-installation includes several stages: screed (or leveling), laying heat-insulating and waterproofing layers, distributing pipes, installing a heated floor collector, installing a water heater (boiler), installing pipes, pouring a screed.

All types of work must be carried out in compliance with sanitary standards and safety rules.

Each component structure must have appropriate pressure resistance indicatorsexposed to liquid or steam.

At every stage, you need leak test and the durability of all devices.

Each scheme of a water-heated floor can have its own distinctive features depending on the type of room chosen (bath, balcony, living room), as well as the main flooring material (tiles, wood, plastic, concrete screed).

These nuances and detailed descriptions of each stage of installation are presented below.

Base leveling

The leveling process required in the presence of irregularities is always accompanied by complete removal of the old screed, cleaning of dirt, dust from construction debris.

For horizontal differences exceeding 10 mm, the procedure is mandatory.

The procedure can be performed "Dry" and "Wet" way. In both cases, the first step is getting rid of holes and cracks with help concrete mortar or another construction mixture intended for this.

With the "dry" method, the following works are carried out:

You need to start alignment from the far corners, moving to the front door. If in the course of work projections or depressions are found, you can get to them with the help of "construction islands" - sheets of GVL.

When using the "wet" method, after removing the old screed, a primer is poured onto the floor and leveled with foam rollers. It takes up to 5 hours to dry. The next procedure is similar to the "dry" method, the only difference is the use of water when compacting expanded clay.

How pipes are laid

Polystyrene boards are laid on the leveled floor surface. They serve for thermal insulation and prevent the spread of heat in all directions.

The actual pipe laying is carried out in two main ways: bifilar (parallel rows) and meander (spiral).

The first variety is applied when there is a slope of the floors, there is no need for strictly uniform heating. The second - requires a lot of effort and accuracy, is used when using pumps of lower power.

The number of contours depends on the size of the heated room. The maximum area for placing one contour - 40 sq m The laying step can be either uniform throughout its entire length, or vary depending on the need for enhanced heating in certain areas. Average stride length is 15-30 cm.

Since the pipes are experiencing strong hydraulic pressure, when installing a water-heated floor, it is unacceptable to connect them using couplings. Only one coupling can be used for each circuit.

It is recommended to use one circuit for heating each room, including a bathroom, a loggia, a pantry, a shed. The smaller the contour, the higher its heat transfer, which is especially important for corner rooms.

Collector installation

The manifold must contain enough outputs to connect all circuits.

The same goes for return manifold. In the very simple version it contains only the valves required for one-way water flow.

Availability servos allows the opening or closing of valves.

The thermostat makes it possible to set a certain temperature and subject it to regulation. It is connected to the valves by means of controllers and brought out to a place accessible to users by the system.

Place the thermostat away from drafts, cold or hot air currents for adequate information transfer.

The collector is installed at a height 50 cm on a wall bracket or in a special box mounted in the wall. The pipes fit into the corner clip and are secured with Euro cones.

To install the thermostat, you need a 1.5-3 m cable and presence of an outlet nearby with its location.

Hydraulic pressure testing of the system

After connecting the pipes into a single system it is necessary to check their strength and tightness. To do this, they are completely filled with water and air is released. The working capacity of all valves is monitored, pipes are visually checked for leaks.

Re-pressure testing is carried out after connecting the pump and barometers.

After the floor is filled with concrete, the pipes will be under pressure up to 30-40 MPa. Pressure testing is carried out under pressure, in 1.5 times the working, which is 60 MPa.

For this shut off all manifold valves and pump air or liquid into the pipes. Water is pumped for 30 minutes, pressure control is performed several times in the period from 1 to 2 hours with the pump off. A drop in the indicator is acceptable in 2 hours at 20kPa.

Do-it-yourself installation and connection of a gas boiler and a pump for a warm floor

A standard boiler, operating on gas and serving to supply hot water and space heating, has 5 outlets arranged in series from left to right:

Hot water outlet to the heating system.
Hot water outlet to the water supply system.
Gas supply.
input cold water for heating and feeding.
Cold water inlet from heating (return).

Connections of all pipes to the heating element detachable, are installed using couplings and nuts.

The heating system is controlled separately from the water supply, which makes it possible to connect independently.

The boiler from the collector of a warm water floor must be suitable two tubes. One will supply the cooled water, the other - hot water into the heating system.

The pump is included in most modern boilers. In its absence, it is necessary to install it in series with the manifold and the heater.

Screed filling mixture

Filling the floor or screed is a procedure that requires great care and accuracy. Avoid floor cracking during drying and during the operation of the system, it is possible by carefully observing the temperature regime and strictly following the instructions for preparing the solutions.

For filling apply ready-made self-leveling mixtures for warm floors or by yourself mixed on a concrete base.

In the first case, the mixtures are made on the basis of gypsum, they require dilution with water to the consistency of sour cream. The drying time for the floor in this case is from 3 to 5 days. During this period, it is recommended to minimize air humidity.

From the use of these solutions for screed floors in rooms that are constantly exposed to water (bathroom, cellar) better abstain.

Homemade mixtures are made on the basis of cement. The recommended brand is M300 and higher. The composition of the mixture is as follows:

Cement - 1 part.
Fine-grained sand - 4 parts.
Water. Water is added until the mixture acquires the consistency of a dough. When adding water, constant stirring is necessary.
Plasticizer. It facilitates the application of the screed, it is applied in concentrations recommended by the manufacturer, ranging from 1 to 10% by volume.
The criterion for the correct consistency of the mixture is the ability to sculpt lumps out of itthat do not crumble or spread. If the plasticity of the composition is not sufficient - the ball is cracking, which means that there is little liquid in the mixture. If the mixture is too liquid, it is necessary to add sand with cement.

Before pouring, the perimeter of the room is covered with a damper tape, which serves for noise insulation, prevent the floor from cracking when heated.

Pipes and cables are secured with rigid clamps.

The screed is made at air temperature from 5 ° to 30 ° (a number of professional mixtures allow laying at lower temperatures, they have a special marking).

Maximum area for a one-time filling - 30 sq. m. Large spaces are best divided into sections. In places where the surface is divided into sections, pipes are put on protective corrugated hoses.

The shelf life of the finished solution is 1 hour, after which it cannot be used.

Pouring of one section is carried out promptly and in one step.

Immediately after the procedure, the mixture is pierce in several places with an awl or a thin knitting needleto allow air bubbles to escape. For the same purposes and additional leveling, a needle roller or a stiff brush is used. The needle must be longer than the thickness of the mortar layer.

Drying of homemade mixtures occurs within 20-30 days and has a number of features:

Unacceptable sudden changes in temperature indoors, exposure to direct sun rays... This is fraught with uneven drying and subsequent deformation.
Better floor surface cover with plastic wrap and periodically (every few days) moisten with liquid.
After drying it is recommended turn on the heating system for several hours in moderate heat mode.
Recommended air humidity - 60-85%.

Before laying tiles, linoleum, parquet or wood flooring heating must be turned off.

When using materials prone to cracking and swelling, the air humidity must downgrade to 65%.

The tiles are laid on tile adhesive, carpet, linoleum and laminate directly on the screed.

Self-installation of a warm water floor is possible only if a sufficient amount of time, accurate and strict adherence to all instructions and rules.

We offer you to watch a video detailing the installation of water heated floors:

Warm water floors as a heating system have recently appeared in our country. Traditionally, apartments or houses were heated using metal radiators or pipes. With the development of production polymeric materials, resistant to chemical corrosion, it became possible to use energy more productively. If you arrange a water-heated floor with your own hands, in addition to convenience and comfort, you can save the budget for heating up to 25%.

Man has learned to heat constructions with heat coming from below long ago. The heated air from the ovens was transmitted through channels laid in the floor. This heating method is most widespread in Korea, where today up to 90% of residential buildings and civilian facilities are heated by means of floor systems. Koreans sleep and eat on the floor.

The supply of heat from below has a beneficial effect on the energy balance of the room. The air heats up more evenly than when using radiators. There are no convective air currents that transfer energy from one zone of the room to another, since radiation occurs from the entire surface of the floor.

The bulk of the energy is distributed in the area of \u200b\u200bhuman activity. It has been noticed that the heat emanating from below has a beneficial effect on the body, a feeling of comfort arises at a lower temperature in the room. This makes it possible not to increase the degree of the coolant, which increases the resource of heating equipment and pipelines, and saves energy consumption.

Comparative heat distribution diagram.

An important argument in favor of the floor system is its hidden location. In houses where heating is carried out only with warm floors, there are not always aesthetic devices, wiring and visible parts of the heating. They do not interfere with the arrangement of furniture, do not spoil the interior. Warm floors are compatible with other heating systems, for example, radiator. They can be used independently or as additional heating.

Types of heating circuits

Underfloor heating is used for heating premises for various purposes - residential, bathrooms, kitchens, loggias. The temperature regime in the rooms is individual; for heating each one must provide its own heating circuit.

The most common types of warm floors are electric and water.

Electrical systems - heating cables, rods, mats, films or amorphous tapes underneath the finished floor covering. They are connected to a power source and equipped with automation. A water heat-insulated floor is a network of small-diameter tubes filled with a heat carrier - water or antifreeze. The structure is placed under the flooring on an insulating substrate. The liquid is heated by the heating boiler.

Water, cable and film heating devices.

The coolant temperature does not exceed 55 °. Management is carried out in automatic or manual mode. When installing valves, you can shut off the heat supply to certain areas.

A variety of water floors are electrically conductive. Inside the tube there is a heating cable connected to the power supply through a thermostat. The liquid heats up evenly throughout the volume, so the circulation pump is not used. It is advisable to arrange this option in apartments where connection to the central riser is not allowed. There are no restrictions on the installation of underfloor heating in private houses.

Warm water floor device

In order to correctly assemble a water-heated floor with your own hands, you need to understand the structure and operation of the equipment.

For the functioning of heating circuits, two main components are required:

mix group;
collector comb.

The mixing group includes a thermostatic valve and shut-off valves - the upper one for entering the heated heat carrier, the lower one for the return. The temperature of the water leaving the boiler is 60 ° -70 °. It enters the system diluted and cooled to 45 ° -55 °. This is necessary so that the coating does not overheat and is comfortable for walking, that is, not hotter than 28 °.

Two main units of the heating system.

The collector is designed to distribute the heated and collect the cooled coolant along the circuits. If a water-heated floor is installed in different rooms, then provide for individual temperature control using thermostats. To set the degree of heating of the coating or air, thermostats are installed. They send a signal to the collector servo motors, which reduce or increase the supply of coolant to the network.

In the event of an emergency, when the water supply to all circuits is shut off, the boiler may boil. A bypass is intended for the removal of a part of the coolant - a reserve jumper. A pump is built into the system to circulate the liquid. The wiring is performed from a pipe with a diameter of 16-20 mm. The contour is formed in the form of a single, double, angular "snake", spiral or "snail". Permissible maximum length loops 80-120 m.

Heating circuits laying schemes.

The uniformity of heating and the power of heat transfer depend on the pitch and diameter of the pipe, the height of the screed. The optimal distance for standard insulated houses is the distance between the water circuits 150-175 mm, the thickness of the concrete or mortar layer is 50-70 mm. At such values, the risk of cracking of the coating is reduced, the heat transfer reaches 100 W / m², which corresponds to the standards.

Choosing a styling method

For the installation of underfloor heating, pipes made of corrugated stainless steel, metal polymers or cross-linked polyethylene with an internal anti-diffusion layer are used. If the operating rules are followed, the service life of the products reaches 50 years.

For built-in heating systems, use copper pipes... They are durable, but more expensive than plastic ones. They do not tolerate close contact with concrete, therefore, profiles covered with a polymer sheath are used for laying in a screed.

Depending on the floor structure, hydraulic heating is installed in two ways:

"Wet";
"Dry".

The first method is used when installing a floor on a ground or concrete base. The pipeline is laid and filled with a screed. The finish coat should provide good heat transfer. These are tiles, laminate, non-insulated linoleum. More details, also at another link, an excellent article on different coatings It will be useful for you.

"Wet" styling.

The "dry" method is used to lay underfloor heating on a rough wooden floor or logs. The tubes are mounted between the beams or on the covering, on top - a board with a thickness of no more than 25 mm. This option does not require waiting 28 days for the concrete to harden, but the set of materials will cost more.

For even heat distribution in the "dry" method of installation, galvanized steel or aluminum plates are placed under the heating circuit. But even the installation of reflectors does not give such a specific power as a water-heated floor in a concrete screed.

Dry installation.

When choosing a laying method, take into account:

Construction weight. A screed is an additional load on the floor and foundation. If the structure is not designed for this weight, it is better to choose "dry" installation.
Maintainability. A pipe embedded in concrete must be dismantled if damaged, and this is not easy. It is necessary to destroy a section of the screed with a thickness of 6-10 cm, then pour the solution again. A dry-laid system is easier to repair. It is enough to disassemble the finishing and replace the piece of leaky pipe with a whole one.

Important. It is not recommended to lay parquet, carpets, cork on heating floors. Wooden planks dry out quickly, and thermal insulation materials reduce heating efficiency.

Stages of installation of a warm floor "wet"

This option is used for underfloor heating on floors on the ground, over unheated basements, garages or other cold rooms. The main condition is high-quality surface insulation, otherwise most of the energy will be spent on heating the underlying structures.

A water-heated floor with your own hands is mounted in the following sequence:

Install distribution equipment.
Prepare the base.
Damping tape is laid around the perimeter of the room.
If necessary, carry out waterproofing.
Insulation is mounted, joints are sealed.
Lay the pipeline, securing the loops.
Connect the circuit to the manifold unit, carry out hydraulic tests.
Automation is mounted and connected.
The screed is poured, compacted, leveled.

Warm floors can be installed on a building under construction or during the reconstruction of old systems. Before heating installation, windows and doors should be installed, plaster should be made, the level of the "clean floor" should be marked. They prepare niches for built-in cabinets, remove points for connecting equipment to water and electricity.

Foundation preparation

Before making a water-heated floor, the base is cleaned and leveled. Surface defects of more than 5 mm are sealed with a solution.

Waterproofing from a dense film with a thickness of 0.3 mm is laid on the floors on the ground.

Laying a damper tape and insulation

A damper tape is laid along the perimeter of the room along the walls. It serves to compensate for the thermal expansion of the screed, to reduce heat leakage through the side surfaces and to soundproof the coating.

Tape - a strip of expanded polyethylene 120 mm wide and 8 mm thick. It is glued to the bottom of the wall without gaps. After pouring the screed, the edges are cut off.

Insulation is mounted - polystyrene, expanded polystyrene with a thickness of 50 mm or more, mineral wool. On sale you can find heat insulators with a metallized film, bosses, markings and Velcro for fastening the tubular system.

The insulation boards are laid tightly, fixing the edges with locks. If such fasteners are not provided, the joints are carefully sealed with polyurethane foam.

Installation of insulating mats with polystyrene coating and lugs

When installing mineral wool, the surface of the insulation is protected from above with a vapor barrier made of a dense film or membrane.

If the density of the insulation boards is less than 35 kg / m³, a reinforcing mesh is installed. It acts as a frame for attaching the tubes, while reinforcing the base. For mineral wool, the mesh is required.

Important. In order to reduce energy losses from radiation into the underfloor space, it is recommended to lay a heat-reflecting material under the heating circuit.

Pipeline layout

A pipe is laid out on the prepared surface with a step of 10-25 cm. Reducing the gap is impractical, since the consumption of materials increases, and there is no increase in heat flow. With an increase in the distance between the contours of more than 25 cm, the "zebra" effect appears on the floor - uneven heating with the formation of cold or warm stripes.

You need to retreat from the wall 15 cm.The optimal loop length is 80 m. larger size the load on the circulation pump increases, and the speed of movement of the coolant decreases. High hydraulic losses are possible. The pipe is laid without joints. It is sold in coils of 100 or 200 m. The contour is fixed with plastic staples, clamps or inserted between the bosses of the thermal insulation mats.

The "snake" pipe layout is used in elongated rooms. If the beginning of the circuit with a hotter coolant is placed along the outer wall, the cold part of the floor will warm up well.

The snail is the most common styling method. The alternation of tubes with a heated and cooled coolant leads to a more uniform temperature background in the room. In addition, the angle of rotation of the contour is 90 °, and not 180 ° as in the "snake". The hydraulic resistance of the system is lower; a less powerful circulation pump can be installed.

Crimping and screed device

The mounted water heat-insulated floor is pressed before the screed is poured. For this, the heating circuits are connected to a manifold, the control valves are opened and the system is filled with water. The air is discharged through the drain taps.

The pressure testing schedule depends on the pipe material. The system is filled with water and heated under a certain pressure. If frosts are possible before the onset of the heating season, air pressure testing is used.

The screed in underfloor heating acts as a layer that carries and distributes heat. It constantly experiences thermal deformations, therefore, when mixing the solution, plasticizers are added that increase the elastic properties of the material, fiberglass. This helps to avoid cracking and prolongs the life of the floor. The minimum layer thickness above the pipe is 30 mm.

In rooms with an area of \u200b\u200bmore than 40 m², an expansion joint is arranged. In private homes, they are made at the doorstep or in doorway... A damper strip 10 mm thick is laid along the height of the screed, and the pipe in this place is placed in a plastic sleeve.

After pouring, the screed is covered with a moisture-retaining material for a week. Heating can be turned on only after 28 days after the concrete has hardened.

Underfloor heating with water is quite an attractive solution. But if you want to install them yourself, without resorting to the help of professionals and without spending money on their services, you will have to thoroughly study the topic and learn all the subtleties. You should know both the principles of connection and the technique of the base device. Laying will also have to be done using a special technology.

Design

There are many types of warm water floor on the market. It is produced by dozens of leading manufacturers. But regardless of the specific make and model mandatory components are:

boiler that heats water;
pump that pumps water;
ball valves (they are installed at the inlet to the boiler);
pipes;
a collector device that allows you to adjust and regulate the heating of the floors at your discretion;
fittings, through which the main route is mounted, starting from the heater, and also pipes are connected to the collectors.

Each of these building blocks has its own characteristics. So, pipes must be made of polypropylene with a reinforcing fiberglass layer, otherwise there is a high risk of excessive expansion when hot. Polyethylene has less thermal expansion. Wherein optimal diameter pipes are from 1.6 to 2 cm. When buying, find out if they will withstand a pressure of 10 bar when pumping water heated to 95 degrees.

The collector through which water enters the pipeline is sometimes called a splitter. One of these devices sorts hot water along the heating circuits, and the other collects it after passing through the entire system. Both devices are placed inside a manifold cabinet. High-quality performance of the collection group also includes:

valves;
air outlets;
devices that regulate water consumption;
units for accelerated drainage of liquid in a critical situation.

A manifold with a shut-off valve is impractical, so it is better to choose options equipped with control systems that provide a smooth change in the flow of the coolant to a particular circuit.

The exact length and installation spacing when installing pipes are calculated individually for all rooms (rooms). There are no uniform standards here. If you do not feel prepared enough for self-calculation using specialized software, use the services of design organizations. Designers will need to know what the size of the room is, how powerful the boiler will be installed, what the walls in the house (apartment) are made of, what are the properties of floors, partitions. The type of floor covering, the device of the insulation layer and the diameter of the pipes must be taken into account.

The project should indicate not only how long the pipe is, but also the installation step and the rational laying path. Additionally, heat losses and hydraulic resistance are calculated (it must be strictly the same in each circuit). It is undesirable to use large contours (100 m and longer).

It is better to divide each such into several smaller ones. All contours are strictly one pipe, therefore, joints and couplings when laying in a screed are prohibited. Verandas, attics and loggias are heated by a separate option from the adjacent rooms.

Remember that pipes should be laid starting from the outer walls, and the uniformity of heating reduction is achieved due to the "snake" scheme.

In rooms where there is only interior walls, the construction of the warm floor should be spiral, directed from the boundaries of the room to its middle. In this case, a double step is maintained between any pair of turns.

For your information: you should select and buy a collector only after how the number of contours and their characteristic features will be calculated.The simplest solution, with only isolation valves alone, is relatively cheap, but the lack of flexible adjustment options will cause a lot of inconvenience. The other extreme to be avoided is an expensive manifold equipped with servos and pre-mixers.

Such equipment in a private house or apartment is completely superfluous, with the exception of giant cottages. When deciding which boiler to install, be guided, first of all, by its power, which, even when operating in the peak design mode, should have a reserve of at least 15%.

To ensure the mixing of hot and cold heat transfer fluid, thermostatic mixers are used. They are two-way (paired structures are placed on the supply and return pipes) and three-way (with the addition of an electric drive, they are mounted on the boiler outlet). Take care of the presence of a servo drive, a thermostat: investments in these devices are justified by the fact that it will be more convenient to use the system. Servos are installed on the water supply combs.

Mechanical thermostats are relatively simple and reliable in use, so they are easy to use even for people who are poorly versed in technology. Electronic controllers are a little more complicated, and if you need to flexibly adjust the parameters of the underfloor heating, you will have to purchase a programmable device.

Having sorted out in general terms with the device and the configuration of the floor heating equipment, now let's see how it works. From the boiler (in rare cases from a heated towel rail), water enters the pipeline. Passing through the thermostatic valve, it transfers a certain amount of heat to it. When a certain temperature is reached, the valve starts the process of mixing with water taken from the return pipe. For this purpose, a two-way or three-way valve is opened, installed before the circulation pump (inside a special jumper).

The mixed liquid, having passed through the circulation pump, touches the thermostat, which ultimately gives commands to open and close the coolant supply from the return circuit to the main one. Thanks to such a scheme, the water temperature is maintained in the specified range of values \u200b\u200band is instantly corrected when it deviates from it. Then the water goes into the distribution manifold (but only in a large room, where there is a need to distribute the coolant along several circuits and then pump it in the opposite direction).

By installing underfloor heating in several rooms at once, install a manifold that regulates the temperature. This is necessary not only because everyone needs their own degree of heating, but also because the completely identical length of the circuit cannot be maintained. The adjustment is especially useful if one of the rooms is internal and the other has external walls.

Thermostats can measure the heating of the air in the room, or the temperature of the floor covering. Focus on what is important to you and do not confuse the two.

Make sure that there is a bypass in the heating system. It will allow you to keep the equipment in perfect order, if suddenly the water supply to all circuits is simultaneously stopped.

Advantages and disadvantages

Water heated floor economical. A low temperature of the coolant (not exceeding 50 degrees) will reduce the current consumption of an electric boiler by 20% (in comparison with heating with radiators). Uniform heating of the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe dwelling with a physiologically comfortable temperature distribution (22 degrees on the floor itself, 18 degrees at face level) can also be considered a positive side. The hidden location of the heating system completely eliminates burns and mechanical injuries in direct contact with it and the coolant, which is especially important if there are children in the house.

A safe water floor is also serves for a long time. Properly executed installation and correct selection of components allows the system to be used for 30-40 years. Unfortunately, there are also disadvantages. For instance, increased complexity installation (if you do not understand the problem enough or do not have the necessary experience, contact the professionals, or choose the electrical option). Incorrect installation will not only reduce the heating efficiency, but also increase the risk of leakage.

If, due to installation errors, normal wear and tear, or due to any other problem, water begins to flow, you will have to disassemble the floor, dismantle the heating structure, change it completely or partially, and only then reconnect it. Finally, in private residential buildings it will not be possible to use water floors as the only source of heat.

Long-term (tens of hours) heating cannot be considered a disadvantage: all the more so since significant thermal inertia will allow the floor to stably heat the air even with short-term interruptions. Be prepared that laying a water floor (even with your own hands) will be significantly more expensive than installing its electrical version. Some materials per 1 sq. M can cost at least 1,500 rubles. When a team is involved, it will need to pay no less.

A good result is achieved if the floor is raised by at least 10 cm. The costs associated with the installation of control systems, manifold boxes and air vent valves.

Where is it used?

Such a heating system in an apartment room can only be used theoretically. The technical hurdles are very serious. The fact is that to feed the pipeline with ready hot water extremely dangerous and simply prohibited, and special heating of cold water is expensive and difficult. In addition, any efficient systems are voluminous and heavy, that is, they take up a considerable part of the height of the room, exerting a significant load on the surface of the floor and ceilings.

In private wooden house thermal loads on individual circuits, if they differ, are insignificant. Therefore, carefully consider whether it is worth installing expensive, complex automatic control systems in a small home. A large cottage or a house with unheated rooms is another matter.

Put the water floor in frame house it is quite possible, however, its installation has an important difference - due to the foundation that is lightweight to the limit, you will have to abandon the use of heavy concrete screeds or cement-sand mixtures. It is more correct to use dry polystyrene styling.It was specially designed for frame dwellings. Keep in mind that in order for the thermal effect to be maximum, you will have to think about good insulation of external walls, which are usually made thin.

The water-based floor heating system also has its own specifics in the bathroom. If it is installed in an apartment, we recommend that you get advice from the design organization, as well as form and register an official project and obtain consent from neighbors. It is advisable to feed the circuit with a heating agent from a heated towel rail, and two-way valves at the inlet will not reduce the water temperature below and above the riser. Regardless of whether you need to heat the bathroom in an apartment or in a private house, pay maximum attention to waterproofing.It is worth spending money on a special kind of film or euroruberoid.

The base is poured using expanded clay or fine gravel. To exclude the appearance of irregularities, beacons must be installed. Please note that you cannot walk on the bathroom coverings filled with screed for 5-6 days. In this case, you will have to regularly wet the surface, otherwise it may crack. Because to make yourself cement mix (which will not be covered with an intricate pattern of cracks in the next few years) can a rare builder, it is better to purchase a completely ready-made composition in the store.And to do experiments another time, when thinking over the design of a heated bathroom, for example.

Tools for work

In the process of installing water heated floors, you need to use 18 different tools. You will definitely need:

electric drill;
screwdriver;
construction hair dryer.

From hand tools you will need:

scissors;
ordinary saw;
saw for metal;
working knife;
hammer;
bit;
vice;
pliers;
file.

Work with coatings is carried out with a spatula and a paint brush. You need to measure the required dimensions with a tape measure and a meter ruler, but in addition to them, you will also need a sanding mesh or sandpaper.

In addition to tools, you will also need materials:

for thermal insulation, foil mats made of expanded polystyrene, or plates of the same material processed by extrusion are most often used;
damping self-adhesive tape should have a thickness of 0.5 to 1 cm. The pipes are fastened with brackets, mounting strips, pivoting arcs and some other parts.

Foundation preparation

The old screed according to the technology must be completely eliminated so that the base overlap is exposed. Level the floor surface immediately if the deviation from the horizontal exceeds 1 cm.If cracks, chips and cracks remain after removing the old floor covering, use a cement or gypsum leveling mixture. Further, making sure that there is no dust, dirt and debris left on the surface, a layer of waterproofing is placed on top of it.

The perimeter of the base is occupied by a damper tape, which will help to compensate for the thermal expansion of the main floor covering during heating. It is important to take into account that when there are several contours at once, the tape should be placed in the intervals of contours close to each other.

To reduce unproductive heat loss, you will have to additionally insulate the floor. Only in rare cases is it initially ready in this sense. The choice of thermal insulation material is determined by the following considerations:

if the warm floor serves only as an assistant to the main heating system, you can limit yourself to foamed polyethylene with a reflective foil layer;
when the apartment is located above the heated parts of the building, it is required to use extruded polystyrene foam with a thickness of 2-5 cm, or no less durable substitutes;
in apartments located above a cold basement, more serious protection is required - expanded clay is poured and expanded polystyrene is laid with a total layer of 5 cm or more.

Modern manufacturers offer special insulation materials for warm floors. One side of such heaters has channels for installing pipelines. It is recommended to use mineral wool, expanded polystyrene and special mats. To strengthen the screed layer, a reinforcing mesh structure is used to which pipes can be attached. Their attachment is provided by plastic ties, so there is no need for fastening strips and special clips. When the base is ready, there is no point in waiting for something else - it's time to start installing the floor heating equipment itself.

Installation

Connection diagram

The installation of a water underfloor heating always begins with the installation of a manifold cabinet. They put it in such a way that the distance to the pipelines going to and from all rooms is approximately equal. You can hide an unsightly looking cabinet by building it into a wall (load-bearing walls are not suitable for this). Please note that the drawer is located above the warm floor, otherwise the air outlet will be blocked.

In a modern system (with rare exceptions), circulation is provided by pumping equipment. The pump that is installed inside the boiler is enough to pump water over an area of \u200b\u200b150 sq m, even if the building is two-story. If the total building area is larger, you will definitely need to install additional pumps with advanced functions.

In order to be able to service the heating system without draining the water, the boiler inlet and outlet are equipped with shut-off valves. Using them, you can disconnect the heater for repair and maintenance at any convenient time. In the presence of two or more collector cabinets, the main supply line is equipped with a splitter, immediately behind which narrowing adapters stand.

The connection of pipes to the manifold implies the use of compression fittings or Eurocone devices. If necessary, you can pass such pipes through the walls, close them on all sides with an insulating layer of foamed polyethylene. When all parts are stowed and each unit is connected in its proper place, the system must be tested.After supplying water to the pipes, they are kept under a pressure of 5 or 6 bar for 24 hours (depending on the design operating value). If such a check did not lead to the appearance of visually noticeable extensions, you can safely proceed to pouring the concrete layer.

It is allowed to fill the screed only when supplying fluid at the planned pressure. Drying time to readiness is at least 4 weeks (under ideal conditions). If tiles are laid on top, the screed should have a thickness of 30-50 mm, and the pipes should be distributed at a distance of 100-150 mm from each other. Failure to comply with these rules, even if the connection of all elements is correct, will lead to uneven heating of different parts of the surface.

Under laminate or linoleum, the screed can be thinner. Then a reinforcing mesh helps to compensate for the decrease in its strength. If the underfloor heating is placed under the laminate, it is not necessary to install thermal insulation, otherwise the energy efficiency of heating will be reduced.

Shrinkage seams are necessarily equipped in a screed if:

the area of \u200b\u200bthe room exceeds 30 sq m;
there is at least one wall longer than 8 m;
the length is less than 50 or more than 200% of the width of the room;
the configuration is complex and bizarre.

For the decoration of screeds, it is allowed to use a cement-sand mixture based on Portland cement (at least M-400, and even better, use M-500). When ready-made concrete is used, its grade should be M-350 and higher. In addition to laying the damper tape, the reinforcement mesh is separated where the seam passes. The thickness of each seam is 1 cm, and the upper part is treated with a sealant. When passing pipes in these places they should only be placed in the outer corrugated pipe.

The start-up of water floors should take place at the onset of the first cold weather. Please note that the thermal inertia of the floor covering is large and it will take only a few days, when it is overcome, that optimal conditions will be created.

You cannot connect the warm floor to the battery (as well as to the existing central heating and hot water supply system)! This will not only cause sanctions from the regulatory authorities, but also lead to disruption of the normal operation of communal systems. Be sure to install an autonomous heating boiler, which will become the source of hot water in the system. In addition to manual adjustment, the heated floor can be controlled by means of a servo drive and a sensor, or weather automation.

Since the system must have control and regulatory components, it must be connected to electricity. Underfloor heating in different rooms can be controlled by one thermostat only if the thermal conductivity of the floor covering completely coincides. Such a scheme requires the same or slightly different path lengths. Thermostats can be connected to power grids directly or through an RCD, which is much safer.

For laying power cables, either a groove in the wall or an additional protective corrugation is used.

It should be borne in mind that at the time of the initial connection the machines must be in the off position.Carefully look at which wire to which phase should be connected. An alternative installation scheme (without concrete screed) will be disassembled a little further. For now, let's just say that its main options are placing pipes in polystyrene foam grooves, or in grooves made of wood. It's time to see how the pipes of the water-heated floor will be laid.

Laying technology

Modern technology for installing underfloor heating involves laying pipes with special fixing profiles. The profiles themselves are attached to the base with dowels or screws. The advantage of this solution is that the profile is supplied with clamps during production. You do not need to carefully measure the step from one loop to another and carry out its careful calculation. A simpler option is fastening with plastic ties, pressed against the reinforcing structure.

However, the simplicity of such a scheme requires the elimination of unnecessary pulling force. Make sure that the loop is free. The pipe coil is carefully unwound, and not immediately, but directly in the process of work. The manufacturer's instructions always dictate that the bend is gentle b along the smallest possible radius. When using polyethylene structures, it is most often 5 pipe diameters. Do not pinch the product if it has a whitish streak, since this means the appearance of a crease, which subsequently will easily break through and lead to flooding.

Installation according to the "snail" or "spiral" scheme is recommended for large rooms, and makes heating more even. The classic "snake" manifests itself best in small rooms, and if you need to supply heat to flooring in a medium-sized room, it is advisable to prefer a "double snake", in which the hot and return pipes are parallel.

Whichever methods are chosen, try to reduce the number of joints between the pipes, as well as the number of their turns. Such areas, despite all the perfection of modern technology and careful execution by professionals, dramatically increase the threat of leakage. Ideally, connections should only be made at the inlet and outlet of the boiler.

For connecting pipes, in addition to the options listed above, there are also such devices:

attracting clamp made of polyamide (2 pcs per meter);
steel wire (similar consumption);
stapler and 2 clamps per meter;
fixing tracks, or PVC-based strips;
polystyrene mats;
aluminum distribution plates.

The rules of operation indicate that regardless of the method of holding the pipes, their fixation is ensured by grids with a square cell of 15x15 mm, the wire diameter is maximum 0.5 cm. By introducing modern automatic devices into the system, it is possible to make the control of the flow of water through the pipes not only independent of human factor, but also remote.

The final choice of the installation option should take place taking into account the private properties of the premises and the functionality of their individual parts. The "snake" system is designed to supply water initially to a cold area, and only then throughout the rest of the floor, for example.

When the screed under the laminate or linoleum is thinner than usual, an additional reinforcing mesh is placed directly under it above the heating pipe circuit.

How to do it correctly without a concrete screed?

A long wait (about a month or even more if the weather conditions are unfavorable) does not suit everyone. A floor covering can be used instead of a concrete screed. Once the pipes have been laid, you will need to form a backing for the finished floor. If there is a laminate on top, use cardboard and polyethylene foam. Pouring under the tiles is also optional. For it, as well as for linoleum, a special structure is prepared based on cement-bonded particle boards.

A warm water floor on a wooden floor is mounted using aluminum distribution plates. Preliminary boards are prepared in which the necessary grooves are formed. You can make the most flat surface in the bathroom with your own hands if you lay chipboards, plywood or gypsum fiber sheets over the pipes. Always check carefully if these materials are in compliance with health standards.

You can connect a warm water floor without a screed by laying pipes both between the logs and on the surface of the subfloor. The modular variation (wooden blocks with milled grooves) can be replaced with a strip, in which the plywood sheet is covered with strips. The intervals between them are for the installation of pipes. Laying between the logs necessarily requires the use of waterproofing, insulation, reflective plates with holes for the passage of pipes, the pipes themselves, a sheet of plywood and the final coating.

The imposition on the flooring also implies the placement of insulation in the breaks of the logs on top of the waterproofing, and plywood or draft boards are placed above. Nuance: grind the boards so that channels for laying pipes appear. The reflective layer is made of foil attached to the boards using staples. The pipes in the channels are held by narrow metal plates placed on top, the plates themselves are also attached to the boards.

Instead of boards, you can use polystyrene mats of standard dimensions 1x0.5 m, attached to each other with a fastener in the "lock" format.

Always (regardless of the installation method of the underfloor heating) maintain a distance of 0.1 m to the wall, as this will significantly absorb the effect of thermal expansion of the floor materials. A hydrophobic coating is placed over the deck or logs. Only after that comes the turn of the final floor formation.

In addition to the two described options for forming a heated floor without a screed, it is allowed to use a foam or wood substrate, chipboard. Lightweight, relatively thin floors are more expensive and not very durable, but they are recommended for use:

if necessary, lay a new coating over the old one without dismantling;
if the height of the dwelling is limited;
if installation speed is critical to you;
if it is impossible to arrange the delivery of concrete properly;
if the floor is wooden;

In addition to lightening the structure, the underfloor heating system without a screed has another indisputable advantage - it is easier to repair. Even the most good pipesproperly laid and used with care may burst suddenly. If you still want to use a full-fledged screed, but do not wait 28 days for complete drying, it is worth applying semi-dry mixtures.Special additives in them can reduce the amount of water required, but the cost of such building materials is higher than in a simpler version.

Please note that the installation of underfloor heating without a screed is permissible only if the floor level drops are 0.2 cm for every 2 square meters of surface. If it is less even, the tightening layer, albeit the thinnest, is still necessary to create.

Possible mistakes

Even experienced home craftsmen, who for the first time undertake the installation of a warm floor, can make serious mistakes. Often, dried concrete screed is covered with a network of cracks. The reasons for this defect are varied. You can avoid its appearance if:

take care of the optimal density of the insulation;
make high quality shrinkage seams;
do not overstate the recommended screed thickness;
do not try to dry it too quickly, accelerate the normal hardening process;
thoroughly compact the solution and strictly observe the proportions during its formation;
add plasticizers according to the recipe.

The minimum density of the insulation is 35 kg per cubic meter. Covering it with a polyethylene film will help prevent the concrete from drying out too quickly.

Eliminate assembly errors by 95% (except those caused by carelessness, haste and manufacturing defects) will help drawing up sketch projects. Having thought over the implementation of the system, "seeing" it on a sheet of paper, you can detect shortcomings in advance and avoid their manifestation. It is better to mark on the sketch the areas of furniture placement and other places where for some reason the circuit with the coolant should not pass.

The entire area to be heated is divided into sections of 15 sq m each. At any site, the step of installing the pipeline is 10 cm. A common mistake is that people do not think in time which wall is better to install the collector, or they bring it too close to some heating circuits, moving it away from others. Choose the right heat source that is connected to the underfloor heating.

A comfortable life is ensured at a coolant temperature from 40 to 45 degrees, which allows the floor to warm up to 26-30 degrees. Such heating is provided by condensing boilers, while other heating devices are not able to heat water less than 60 degrees.

Never put a heat-insulating layer on top of a warm floor and do not use carpets indoors, because these solutions will only worsen the quality of heating. Remember that polystyrene thermal insulation is dense, and it is not able to correct the roughness of the rough screed, so from the first steps you need to do everything as accurately as possible. As for the thickness of polystyrene, contrary to the recommendations of most manufacturers, it is not required to withstand 10 cm (as a rule, even on the first floors 8 cm is enough).

On top of the layer of thermal insulation, one should not just lay a reflective film (this is a mistake), but it should be laid out evenly and wound over the polystyrene around the edges... The lower material itself should be pressed more tightly against the walls through the damper tape. Do not tape the parts together as they are intended for a completely different purpose. It can be harmful to health.

It is more correct to grease the edges of the blocks with glue. Another mistake that often occurs in the work of non-professionals and "shabashniki" is the different indent of pipes from the walls. Real masters make it at least 100 mm and uniform in all rooms.

If it is necessary not only to lay pipes, but also to organize the turn of the pipeline, it is imperative to bend the metal-plastic structure manually (and not with the help of springs and other auxiliary tools). Please note that the reinforcing mesh should not touch the surface of the pipes, as this is considered a gross mistake. The contours undergoing thermal contraction and expansion will constantly push the network, and it will soon become deformed and fail.

According to experts, in the coldest parts of the room it is necessary to compact the step of laying the "snake" to 0.1 m. First of all, this is done by laying a warm floor near the outer walls. Do not try to heat more than 40 square meters of floor with one circuit. It is also worth organizing separate contours for neighboring rooms with different temperature regime... Installation of metal-plastic pipes under a screed is preferable to installing a pipeline made of other materials. The temperature of the coolant should increase systematically with an exit to the level you require 70-72 hours after connection.

The best installation point for the pump is the return pipe just before the boiler. Most often, expansion tanks are mounted in the highest section of the circuit, however, closed membrane systems can be performed in any other way. If you are powering a gas boiler from the main pipeline, and not from cylinders, you should obtain approval from the local authorities. Only specially trained personnel working in licensed organizations should be involved in the work.

Loops made of a single pipe with a cross section of 1.6, 1.7 or 2 cm have a minimal risk of leaks at the joints.

The average temperature of the floors of residential premises is 26 degrees according to the current standards, and in those places where people visit periodically, and a special thermal regime is required, it is 31 degrees. The highest permissible difference in heating of individual parts of the floor and coatings in different rooms is 10 degrees.

In order for the heat output to be optimal and not to force the system to work beyond measure, it is necessary to carefully level the floor.

Deviations from the plane by more than 5 mm are inadmissible... Their presence leads to overfilling of the circuits with air and unstable, ineffective heating. The functions of steam and waterproofing are often performed by a polyethylene film, and its minimum thickness is 0.02 cm, otherwise it will not be possible to guarantee full protection of the insulation from dampness.

Laying of the film should be carried out with an overlap of up to 100 mm, and its boundaries are kept duct tape, which covers the intersection of the floor and walls. When all the lower layers have been laid and even the pipes themselves have been installed, it is necessary to carry out their pressure testing in different ways, depending on the material. Thus, metal-plastic structures must be subjected to an internal pressure of 6 bar for 24 hours. Before this, the circuits are filled to 100% with water, the air is exhausted to the end through the drain taps.

There is another option: the coolant is filled in, its temperature is brought to 80 degrees, it is kept so for 30 minutes, after which, while maintaining the pressure pressure, a concrete screed is placed.

If the piping is made of XLPE, you will need to add water by reducing the pressure, and then repeat the test after 30 minutes. Then they wait 90 minutes, restore the previous pressure and leave the heating circuits alone for 24 hours. At the end of this pause, the pressure drop should be at most 1.5 bar.

After installing and inspecting all piping parts and accessories, photograph their location and provide a landmark description. Subsequently, if it is necessary to make repairs to the warm floor, such information will greatly simplify and speed up the work.

When you need to heat a very small area (the area around a sofa, armchair, table and other furniture, for example), flexible rolls with built-in plastic tubes are preferable. The technology allows cutting off the desired part of the roll, bending it at any angle - the main thing is that the channels for the passage of the liquid remain intact.

Compliance with these points will allow you to achieve complete success in the installation of a warm floor and enjoy its stable operation for several decades.

For information on how to make a water-heated floor with your own hands, see the next video.

Do-it-yourself warm water floor in the apartment. How to make warm water floors in a private house. Connecting the underfloor heating collector

Device and principle of operation

Where can I use

Advantages and disadvantages

Installation of underfloor heating

Thermal insulator laying

Selection of pipes and their laying

Control system and pressure testing of the circuit

Screed

First turn on

Basic temperature requirements for underfloor heating systems

Set of water-heated floor 15 m 2

Set of water heated floor for 15 m 2 (with reinforced thermal insulation, with unheated lower rooms)

Set of water floor heating up to 30 m 2 - 1

Set of water floor heating up to 30 m 2 - 2

Set of water heated floor up to 60 m 2 - 1

Set of water heated floor up to 60 m 2 - 2. (automatic temperature control)

Set of water heated floor up to 60 m 2 - 3. (automatic temperature control)

A set of water-heated floor with an area of \u200b\u200bmore than 60 m 2. (pump-mixing unit Combimix)

System mounting technology

Base leveling

How pipes are laid

Collector installation

Hydraulic pressure testing of the system

Do-it-yourself installation and connection of a gas boiler and a pump for a warm floor

Screed filling mixture

Types of heating circuits

Warm water floor device

Choosing a styling method

Stages of installation of a warm floor "wet"

Foundation preparation

Laying a damper tape and insulation

Pipeline layout

Crimping and screed device

Design

Advantages and disadvantages

Where is it used?

Tools for work

Foundation preparation

Installation

Connection diagram

Laying technology

How to do it correctly without a concrete screed?

Possible mistakes

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