Air heating in a private house. Air heating at home - effective methods for supplying and installing air heating with your own hands (95 photos). Features of heating with heated air of industrial and manufacturing facilities

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Even at the stage of building and arranging your home, it is important to think over the optimal heating system option for it. Today, owners of private houses, as a rule, are faced with a choice between water and electric heating, which in the first case is very difficult to install, and in the second it is extremely costly to operate.

Therefore, nowadays, cheap and simple air heating systems that can be installed by the owner of any private building are gaining popularity.

When using almost any home heating structure, the last element that transfers heat from the heat generator to all objects in the room, including a person, is air, which has been heated by radiators, pipes acting as intermediaries, warm floors and other units.

Most often, all the problems, inconveniences and the lion's share of energy losses lie in these intermediaries. This weak link can be eliminated by using air heating, due to which thermal energy is transferred directly to the space of the heated room, because thermoregulation occurs due to the injection of heated air into the room.

Such a system includes the following components:

• A network of ventilation ducts allows for heating to pump warm air into rooms throughout the house.
• Water heater or heat generator for heating the air.
• Fan distribution heads to control the movement of air flows around the house.

The main component of the heat generator is the combustion chamber, burner and air heater. Cold air is supplied to the heat exchange chamber by the bottom fan. When the fuel is burned, heat energy is generated, which heats the heat exchanger and air circulating through it, which then goes up the air ducts, being distributed throughout the rooms of the building.

In accordance with the specific type of unit, heat generators can operate on main line and liquefied gas in cylinders, or diesel. The burners are unpretentious and work when burning any fuel. In addition, they can be changed to new devices even in standard heaters.

True, the entire supply structure is installed together with them. Waste gases are removed from the system by means of.

The coolant in the form of warm air is transported through special air ducts, which can have both round and square section... The first option wins in aerodynamic characteristics and provides a freer movement of the coolant through a pipe with a diameter of 10 to 30 cm.

The second one is simpler during installation and can be easily placed due to square boxes 10x15 or 32x40 cm.

Arranging such heating in a separate house has its own advantages and disadvantages. Its advantages are such features as:

• high efficiency, in some cases exceeding 90%;
• unencumbered by a large number of complex, expensive and heavy parts such as radiators and steel pipes;
• you can adjust the optimal microclimate conditions for each room;
• almost instant response to regulation temperature regime;
• due to the fact that the fans are compatible even with solid fuel stoves, it is possible to heat absolutely all rooms of the house without restrictions;
• filter system in the path of circulating air, cleans it from allergens, dust and other particles;
• a humidifying filter built into the structure;
• in summer period with forced air circulation and the heat generator is off, it works as a powerful cooling system;

Such a heating design does not pretend to be perfect, since it also has disadvantages:

• this method of heating should be provided for by the design of the house even during its construction;
• its installation is relatively difficult;
• needs regular maintenance;
• difficult to modernize;
• this heating method makes you take care of the cleanliness of the filters and regulate the saturation of the atmosphere with moisture;
• needs a backup source of electricity for efficient operation during power outages.

In order to design an air heating system in your own private house, you need to choose between two methods of its installation - two schemes for organizing air circulation: forced and gravitational.

1. The first requires installation in the fan design, which would force the gas heated by the heat generator under pressure to circulate in the air ducts. It is installed under the heater regardless of the type of system. The air sucked in by the fan is pre-cleaned from dust, dirt and microbes. It returns back through ventilation grilles or return ducts.
2. The second scheme, functioning under the influence of gravity with the natural movement of air masses, works on the principle of changing air density. Its main advantage is independence from power supply, because it does not have a fan powered by electricity. But such a system is not very stable and the movement of warm air can be impeded by an ordinary draft. In such a scheme, the heating of the same room is not uniform, so warm flows without control always tend to the ceiling and cold to the floor.

Constructions using forward flow are most popular for self-organizing heating in own home... The principle of their operation is simple - the fan drives the air flow through the air heater and further along the air ducts to all rooms.

Coming out of the transport boxes, warm gas heats the atmosphere of each room and leaves through the ventilation or return shaft. This scheme of work is considered the cleanest, but it is not devoid of its drawbacks. First of all, this is a significant share of waste of energy.

Recirculation heating system. Nuances

This design is highly economical. It works in the following way - the air heated by the air heater disperses through the ventilation ducts to all rooms of the house.

There, it gives up its heat to the space of the room and objects in it, and it cools itself, compensating for the loss of heat, and moves in the opposite direction to the energy source in order to heat up again and repeat the cycle of its movement.

Of course, the hygiene of this scheme raises questions, because harmful substances along with the gas move along vicious circle, constantly returning to the rooms of the house. Therefore, the recirculation movement is only suitable if there is no need for room ventilation.

Air heating system design and calculation

Before installing air heating with your own hands, you need to think over its scheme and design for a particular private house. For this, a rough draft of such a system is drawn up on paper.

Then, depending on the heating requirements in a particular building, parameters are calculated such as:

• the intensity of the heated air injection;
• optimal power of a heat generating unit, for heating a room of the corresponding area to the required temperature;
• section of air ducts;
• aerodynamic features;
• the amount of heat loss on the surfaces of the premises.

It is advisable to agree a preliminary scheme with a full set of components that meets all the requirements with a specialist in order to avoid any mistakes and shortcomings that can lead to draft, noise or vibration in the room.

Professionals can also help you choose the optimal model of the heat generator, so that it provides a comfortable temperature and does not overheat.

It is best to mount the equipment in a separate, pre-designated room.

Air heating designs are of several types, depending on their parameters.

By air circulation, they are:

• with a natural flow of air masses;
• with forced air movement under the influence of the pressure created by the fan.

By size and scale:

• local, designed for heating one or two rooms in a small private house;
• central - for heating multi-storey buildings and large warehouse or factory hangars.

According to the heat exchange implementation scheme:

• supply air, which draw into the room and heat the outside air;
• recirculating, that is, the same air moves, cooling and heating inside the room;
• with combined recirculation, when the air in the room and fresh air from the street are combined.

By location in the room:

• suspended;
• outdoor units.
• Selecting a heat generator.

The source of thermal energy is always the heart of the entire heating system, therefore, the comfortable temperature of the premises of a private house depends on its type, power and design. Heat generating units are of two types: mobile and stationary.

The first ones are represented by gas mobile heat generators, which are distinguished by their large dimensions. They are used to heat large industrial premises, for example, factory workshops.

The second ones have an isolated combustion chamber and are intended for installation in special rooms with a smoke exhaust system. They are produced by manufacturers in two versions: as floor-standing or suspended equipment. The second type of construction is called a heater, that is, it performs the function of heating only one room.

They are installed in suburban country houses, since such a device can warm up a small rear in just a few hours.

The suspended structure is compact and produces a minimum of noise during operation. It is made of materials that do not conduct heat well, therefore it is safe to use even near wooden walls.

The floor-standing unit is much more powerful and larger, so even a wooden cottage of several floors can be heated with it.

Today it is more and more important to use heat pumps instead of boilers as heat sources in the house. The cost of such installations extracting thermal energy from the environment is becoming more and more affordable, although it is still very far from ideal.

The principle of this kind of heating devices is similar to the operation of split heating systems. Air that has a temperature above absolute zero, in any case, has thermal energy, which such a pump takes from it, making it even colder outside.

The heat obtained in this way is transferred to the internal air of the room, distributed over its entire area.

It's pretty efficient system after all, the electricity consumption for the operation of fans and a compressor is only 1/3 of the heat obtained from the air. Therefore, the heat pump is one of the the best options , although the most expensive.

Installation equipment

Hand-made installation of an air heating system in a private house requires the purchase of equipment included in it: air ducts or tin pipes, a heat generator installation, a fan, hoses for taking outside air and decorative grilles.

Heating system installation is carried out in strict sequence:

• Installation of the boiler and heat exchange chamber.
• Fan installation.
• Installation and dilution of air ducts in heated rooms.
• Warming and insulation of pressure and intake channels.
• Output to the street through a special hole in the wall of the house for air intake hoses.

The first step is to install the main structural element - the boiler. It is mounted in a basement or a special closet. Despite the fact that such a simple heating system can be assembled absolutely independently, only professionals can connect it to the main gas supply.

The chimney is made of cheap sheet metal. At the top, the heat exchanger is connected to the supply air duct, and at the bottom, under the combustion chamber, a fan is mounted. From the reverse side, a return pipeline is brought to it.

The procedure for diluting air ducts in rooms begins with connecting flexible air ducts to the supply duct line. Most often they have a round cross-section. Then a pipe is installed that performs the function of reverse thrust. Its diameter is larger, and the branching is less than the pitch.

Insulation of the sleeves prevents moisture condensation on them. Then a throttle-type damper is mounted in the pipeline to regulate the volumes of fresh air supply. After installation and docking of all system nodes, decorative work is carried out to hide pipes and wires in drywall boxes.

• For fixing and joining the pipeline routing, aluminum tape with a reinforced coating has proven itself optimally.
• Attach pipe to ceiling slabs best with clamps.
• Air ducts intended for supplying heated air must be located as low as possible near the floor, otherwise it will remain relatively cold.
• If there is an air conditioner in the house, it is necessary to insulate all pipe structures so that vapors that form moisture condensate do not settle on them.
• When using intake hoses with many elbows, bends and unequal pipe sections, it is recommended to use additional dampers.
• Installing additional air filters increases the cost of the entire system.

Air heating of a private house - reviews

“We have been living with such a heating system for a year now, and in practice we have formed a definite opinion with our pros and cons. The good thing about it is that it does not protrude anywhere in the form of cast-iron radiators or pipes, there are only holes in the floor from which warm air comes. There are no big costs during operation, because the burner runs on ordinary gas. The main disadvantage of such a system, I think, is that over time the pipes become clogged with dust, which will then have to breathe. "

Rating:

Svetlana, Voronezh

Air heating is one of the new ways to heat private houses and cottages. The increased efficiency and ease of installation are increasing the demand for such systems.

The working scheme of air heating includes a minimum set of equipment:

1. heat source (heat generator);
2. air ducts that deliver heat to heated areas.

Examples of homemade air heating are presented in detail on the Internet with photos and diagrams, but interest in such systems does not wane. The advantages of air heating include:

• high efficiency, reaching 93%;
• direct heat transfer to heated areas without pipes, heating radiators, etc .;
• the ability to create a room microclimate by combining heating with a climate system;
• power and low inertia of air heating, which allows you to quickly warm up the house to the required temperatures.

We will give several methods for arranging air heating of a private house on our own, note the pros and cons of each method.

How to make air heating of a private house from the sun

The benefits of solar heating are obvious - the homeowner only invests in equipment, and the heat source itself costs nothing. Solar power plants pay off in about three years, and their service life is ten times longer (up to 30 years).

There are two types of solar heating: from solar panels and.

Benefits of solar heating:

• absolute environmental safety;
• ease of use;
• continuous development of production technology and reduction of equipment costs.

Among the shortcomings, we note:

• low productivity of the station on cloudy days;
• the still high cost of equipment and installation;
• the need for accurate calculation and correct placement of equipment for maximum productivity.

Solar powered installations

The principle of operation of such installations is based on the formation of direct current by sunlight when it hits special semiconductors. The converter translates d.C. into a variable. The voltage that appears in the solar panels is transferred to the heating system. Energy can also be stored in a battery and then used in cloudy weather.

Solar panels are technically challenging and require knowledge and skills to manufacture them. In addition, such equipment is usually used to. This type of heating is used wherever available electric heating - or . If the power of the installation is sufficient, then you can provide the house with hot water.

Battery efficiency depends mainly on the number of solar energy... In middle and northern latitudes, where the sun is not enough, it is possible to recommend the use of combined installations, in which solar panels will play a supporting role.

Installations on solar collectors

The principle of operation of such installations is also based on the collection and transformation of the energy of the Sun, only the transformation takes place not into electrical energy, but into thermal energy. The heat carrier in the collector is heated by the sun's rays and gives off its heat to the room. The performance of such a plant also depends on the amount of sunlight.

Heating installations are distinguished by the type of heat carrier:

• water and antifreeze;
• air.

The order of the solar collector device:

1. Insulate the wall on the south side of the house with foam plastic and paint it with black paint.
2. Sew wooden slats on top.
3. From below, through the wall of the house and insulation from the edges, punch 2 convection holes for cold air, from above 1 for hot air. Hole diameter 20 cm.
4. Sew corrugated board on the slats, which is covered from above with black plastic wrap (preferably glass).

The principle of operation of the collector is very simple: the circulation of cold air from the house occurs through the lower openings, the heated air enters the house through the upper convection opening.

In November at noon at a temperature of 9 degrees on a sunny day, the air supplied to the house heats up to 46 degrees.

Scheme of solar air heating of a private house

How to make DIY air heating from a stove

When calculating air heating, it is assumed that 1 kW of heater power can heat 10 square meters of a well-insulated room. Fireplace inserts with a capacity of 10 kW are respectively capable of heating a house with an area of \u200b\u200b100 sq.m.

Natural convection systems

An air heating system from a stove (fireplace) implies the spread of heat to other rooms of the house by streams of heated air. For this, flexible thermal insulation channels are usually used, coming from the fireplace.

The movement of streams of heated air can be natural and forced. If the air flow is directed vertically, then natural movement will be ensured, if hot air must be supplied over long distances horizontally, then forced supply is needed. The project of air heating of a house from a fireplace should make the most of the possibilities of natural convection, which requires large air ducts.

Refractory materials and minimum aerodynamic resistance are the main requirements for air ducts. The length of the duct from the fireplace to the room should not be more than 3 m. There should be no narrowing or bending on it. The natural air movement heating system can heat no more than 4 rooms. During installation, special attention is paid to the insulation of sections of air ducts next to the combustible materials of the building.

Forced convection systems

The principle is to collect air in a convection chamber and forcing from there into different rooms at home with one or more duct-type fans. The distance of heat supply is no more than 10 m. Flexible ventilation ducts or small diameter air ducts.

Air heating circuit from a forced convection oven

How to make air heating based on Buleryan

The buleryan stove was designed for Canadian lumberjacks. Because of their unique characteristics, it spread very quickly, and today Buleryan is used for heating housing, production, garages, greenhouses and other facilities.

The furnace is based on the principle of gas generation, i.e. "Smoldering" combustion mode with oxygen deficiency. From the bottom, cold air enters the furnace openings, and air heated to 60 - 80 degrees comes out of the pipes of the upper part of the furnace. The combustion mode in such a furnace is complete, i.e. with afterburning of combustible gases in the furnace with air supply. The stove is very economical - one firewood load is enough for 6 - 8 hours.

Do-it-yourself air heating of a private house from Buleryan is arranged by connecting air ducts to the nozzles of the stove and distributing heat through air ducts throughout the house. Air ducts can be made of corrugated aluminum or sheet metal. The air ducts transport hot air only from the stove, there is no return flow, which reduces the heating efficiency.

In the photo, the buleryan oven. Manufactured Canada

How to make air heating from cans

Air heating of a private house with your own hands from cans - an example self-made effective heating system from scrap materials.

1. Making air flows

1. You will need 196 soda cans, which you need to wash and make holes on the bottom and top.
2. Fasten the cans together with silicone, making a tube of 14 cans. A total of 14 columns of 14 cans. These are the channels through which warm air will enter the house.

2. Making a box for a collector

• For the box, you will need plywood and a board, PVA glue, high-temperature silicone, mineral wool for insulation.
• The board must be cut to size, the joints must be nailed and glued.
• The finished dry box must be insulated with mineral wool.
• In the upper wall, you need to make 14 holes for the size of the can. These are places where warm air is collected.

3. Assembling the manifold

It is better to see the assembly of the collector and its preparation for work - the whole process is shown in detail in the video at the end.

The collector is capable of heating air up to 70 - 80 ° C. The use of such a collector can significantly save the consumption of natural gas and electricity for heating.

Something like this looks like a collector from aluminum cans

conclusions

The variety of air heating systems allows you to choose the most convenient and maximum effective scheme for each specific case. The popularity of air heating in the United States and the EU is not accidental - the efficiency of such heating installations is about 90%, while that of the hot water heating system, which is popular in Russia, is no more than 60%. The future belongs to inexpensive and effective methods air heating, so now you need to select installations and use them to heat your homes.

Even before the frost begins, you should start thinking about heating your home. In the case of heating an apartment, there are several options for autonomous heating, which are often used - gas and electric. Both of these types of heating are mainly aimed at the same thing - heating the batteries, and therefore, in essence, the type of heating does not change.

However, private home owners have slightly more options. One of them is air heating at home, which we will talk about today.

What it is

We are all accustomed to standard methods of heating a home, but this option for many may turn out to be something incomprehensible, new. The air heating system of the house is modern way room thermoregulation.

For this, either the existing ventilation system is used, or created specifically for this task. Through it, air is supplied to the room, which is preheated to a certain temperature.

This method of heating a house has a number of undeniable advantages, which are accompanied by some disadvantages. We will analyze them further.

Advantages of air heating

All modern systems heating have positive and negative sides. Air heating of a private house is no exception in this regard, but it is worth noting that it has much more advantages than disadvantages.

If you already have a high-quality ventilation system in the house, then you will not need to spend money on additional batteries and pipes, we are not talking about installing them yet. At the same time, the heating itself very successfully copes with its task, and this happens without unnecessary energy consumption.

Traditional heating is carried out at the expense of hot water, which, while moving through the system, loses its temperature rather quickly, and therefore it has to be heated more than we would like.

In the case of air heating, the efficiency is higher than 90%. If air pump for heating the house is working properly, then the heated air will enter the room as quickly as possible, while the temperature will be evenly distributed throughout the volume.

Another positive side of this option is the ability to combine several important tasks together - heating and air conditioning.

If the project is drawn up correctly, and is also implemented, in your house, first of all, air conditioning will be established, which does not lose its relevance throughout the year. Heating is added to it, which turns on only when necessary, with the onset of cold weather.

Do not forget about the financial side of the issue. With all its advantages, the price of air heating is approximately at the same level as that of analogues, but energy costs are much lower, which directly affects the payback period.

At the same time, operation is as simple and convenient as possible - the equipment does almost everything for you. The most important thing is that the person himself practically cannot harm the operation of the system after its launch, because apart from choosing the right temperature, a person does not really need to do anything. All together, it became the reason that such heating has become very popular in Western countries.

Disadvantages of air heating

We have named quite a few advantages of air heating, despite the fact that we did not talk about its durability, which is also at a high level, together with reliability. But everything cannot be so perfect, because everything has its weaknesses.

The main disadvantage of air heating is the regular need for maintenance, which determines the stability and durability of the entire system.

Of course - we are an inventive people and we design air heating at home with our own hands without any problems, after which we ourselves can engage in its maintenance. But not all people are capable of doing this.

We must not forget about the dependence on electricity - as soon as the light is turned off, the entire heating system will stop. There are several ways to solve this problem. To begin with, you can install an autonomous power supply in the house, or an ordinary uninterruptible power supply that can work for several hours.

The second option is more interesting and complicated, and much more financial investments will be needed - this is solar air heating of a house using solar panels. The option, although expensive, is environmentally friendly, and it will add significantly autonomy to you.

During sunny day Electricity will be collected in the batteries, and then there are several ways to use it: it can immediately go to heating the house, and the excess will be stored in batteries, or electricity will be used for heating only if the batteries are already full.

As you can see, living in a private house has its own characteristics, which can definitely make life much more varied and interesting, even if it adds worries.

Photo of air heating at home

Air heating together with the ventilation system must obey sanitary rules and regulations. Two such systems can be connected to make each of them work more efficiently.

What is ventilation for?

The purpose of ventilation systems is simple and understandable for everyone: the system serves to remove exhaust air from living quarters. After all, when food is prepared, bathrooms are used, in a word, vital activity boils, the air acquires the following features: increased humidity, increased dust concentration, accumulation unpleasant odors, a decrease in the amount of oxygen. And, meanwhile, if bad smell and dust is simply uncomfortable factors, an increase in humidity can lead to water that will appear on the walls in the form of condensation.

So, the ventilation system serves to replace dirty air with fresh air. Ventilation can be exhaust and supply and exhaust. In the latter case, air heating, like the ventilation system, is done taking into account the possibility of heat recovery: that is, the exhaust air goes next to the supply channel, while giving it part of the heat. The simplest recuperator can noticeably reduce heat loss through ventilation.

Standards

The standards are laid down in the annexes to SNiP 2.04.05-91. The air exchange rate for residential premises should be at least 0.35 / hour. Simply put, the air volume must be completely renewed approximately every 3 hours. One person constantly present in the room must have at least 30 cubic meters of fresh air per hour. As for the kitchens, here the norm is 60 cubic meters / hour for electric stoves and 90 cubic meters / hour for gas stove 4 burners. In addition, it should be possible to periodically ventilate the room with an air exchange of at least 180 cubic meters / hour. For this purpose, a window or transom is used at metal-plastic window, but a range hood can be used.

For bathrooms and toilets - 25 cubic meters / hour for each room. If these bathrooms are combined, then the rate is 50 cubic meters / hour.

Air heating

Air heating is required to maintain a comfortable temperature during the cold season. And what exactly this temperature is - is prescribed in GOST 30494-96.
So, for living quarters the norm is +20 degrees, for corner living rooms - +22 degrees. For the kitchen - +18 degrees, the bathroom - +25 degrees, and the toilet - +18 degrees. Note that such standards are suitable for apartment buildings.

The power calculations that air heating and ventilation designers usually rely on are fairly average values \u200b\u200b- and it will be difficult to accurately determine heat leaks. In addition, they change depending on the current temperature, wind and humidity outside.

But for quite a long time there has been such a technique that can be based on in the case of independent design. The instruction here is quite simple: 40 W of thermal power is needed per 1 cubic meter of room. We add 100 watts of heat to each window opening. For each door leading to the street - 200. Coefficient for corner apartments - 1.2-1.3, for private houses - 1.5. The regional coefficient is also applied: 0.7-0.9 for warm regions, 1.2-1.3 for the European part Russian Federation, 1.5-2.0 for the Far North and The Far East... When the temperature outside is warmer, in order to regulate the temperature regime in the house without opening the vents, you can replace the radiator valve with a choke or thermostatic head.

Typically, heating with warm air and ventilation are two different circuits that do not intersect with each other. However, in some cases, ventilation and heating systems can be combined.

The first option is the compact units of the domestic industry. The heat source in this case is the combustion of diesel fuel, electricity. Thus, a fan is activated, which supplies heated air.

Such installations and their analogs are most often used in garages, small workshops, at small industrial facilities as a system of periodic use. But in order to heat and ventilate a residential building, such devices are uneconomical.

Hot air heating with boilers combined with heating stoves and duct systems are more common. So, the combustion of fuel is provided not by the coolant, but by the air that is blown through the heat exchanger. Hot air through the duct system goes through the house. To reduce inappropriate heat losses, ventilation and heating systems are laid with heat-insulated sleeves, placed under the finishing floor between the logs, hidden in the walls and installed above the suspended ceiling.

Cold air that is forced out of the room goes to the street in whole or in part. Some of this air can be used again for heating.

Note that, it would seem, it would be more logical to supply warm air through the grates, which are located as close to the floor as possible. So, due to convection, the air will evenly heat the room. But not in this case. Typically, the ventilation system supplies air heated by the boiler from above, then cold air masses are displaced into those exhaust grilles that are located below.

Heat pumps and duct air conditioners

Sometimes you can find combined climate control systems, which include components such as:

• Duct air conditioner, which, depending on the weather, is able to heat, cool and dry the air.
• Dust filter.
• An ultraviolet filter that disinfects the air.
• Supply and exhaust ventilation system.

In this case, the source of thermal energy is electrical energy. Studying the reviews, it can be noted that such a scheme of work is very convenient. After all, you have only one control unit that controls absolutely all characteristics from one point. Compared to a traditional system, where the fan is somewhere in the attic, air conditioners are in the rooms, air heating through pipes is somewhere else, then such a system seems more thoughtful and improved.

It is also economical when compared with diesel systems, pellet boilers, bottled gas. The inverter compressor control system pumps 3.5-4.5 kW of heat into the premises for each 1 kW of electrical power.

In addition, with such a combined system, the interior of the premises can be preserved. Indeed, in this case, only ventilation grilles will be visible, since air heating, as seen in the photo, does not require the installation of wiring and radiators.

There are, of course, several drawbacks to this kind of scheme. The cost of the finished system is quite high. For example, if you take Chinese channel air conditioners with a heating capacity of 15 kWh when working for heating, then they will cost about 70,000 rubles.

An outdoor unit that removes heat from atmospheric air, can function at a temperature not lower than -15 - -25 degrees Celsius. And with a drop in temperature outside, the efficiency of the system will only decrease.

An alternative to such a system is a geothermal heat pump. So, if in winter period the air cools down to a very low temperature regime, then below the depth of freezing the earth is constantly warmed up to 8-12 degrees. A heat exchanger with a sufficient area is immersed in the ground - and you will have an almost endless resource of heat that must be pumped into your home.

Security questions

Of course, when designing, you should take into account all the necessary fire safety requirements for ventilation and heating systems. Such requirements are fully spelled out in manual 13.91 to SNiP 2.04.05-91. However, only part of the living space applies.

So, when using an air duct made of combustible materials, it should be laid in a mine or a non-combustible sleeve. The combustibility must not be lower than the G1 group - low combustible, the temperature of the combustion products - no more than 135 degrees Celsius.

It is allowed to use fans and their covers made of combustible material. Of course, galvanized air ducts are safer. It is these products that are used in industrial premises. For safety reasons, we recommend limiting the temperature of the air supplied to the dwelling to 60 degrees.

So to be or not to be this system - andthis is how the question can be raised when discussing air heating of a private house. And if applied to our climatic conditions has already become a classic of the genre, there are many rumors and legends about. The time has come to clarify the situation, and FORUMHOUSE users will help us with this! But first, let's look at the experience of our compatriots living in the United States - whether it is applicable in Moscow and our other cities, at least partially.

OnlyOn :

– I constantly communicate with relatives living in the American town of Janesville, near Chicago. The climate there is similar to ours. And in all the houses collected by frame technology installed air heating and air conditioning systems.

The air heating system of a house works according to the following principle: a heater, electric, or powered by solid fuel or natural gas, is located in the basement of the house. Air is taken from the street and, heated in winter and cooled in summer, is distributed by air ducts throughout the house.

Read on how to choose your own for your home and country house.

And in every room, under the windows, in the walls, in the floor, there are exits closed with adjustable grilles. Thermostats with manual or automatic air temperature control are installed on the walls at the level of 1.5 meters.

Let's see if we can apply such a system to our climatic conditions.

Forum user with nickname Traks.

- At our forum we have already discussed more than once air heating of a house, and not only a frame one. But there are very few implemented projects. It seems to me that this system, we have not yet justified the cost, both the equipment itself, so its installation, and operation.

But the traditional, for us Russians, types and, hot water in radiators, stoves, fireplaces, heat generators, operated for more than one year - live and prosper.

So is it worth experimenting, because usually everything new needs in running and at first it is perceived with a certain degree of skepticism.

But our forum member with a nickname Anchous, going to equip his frame house with an area of \u200b\u200b150 m2 with an air heating system.

- I want to divide the heating and ventilation into two zones - a public and a bedroom, so as not to unnecessarily heat what is not currently being used. I also plan to provide exhaust ventilation cabinet so that you can smoke there with a clear conscience.

Let's consider in more detail the principle of operation of such a system.

Anchous:

- It is planned to have a general circulation heating and a separate supply of fresh air to each zone, an exhaust hood, respectively, also each has its own separate supply and exhaust in the office.

The operating modes will be as follows:

• Air circulation with an inflow is the main mode when someone is at home;
• Circulation without supply - maintaining the minimum required temperature when there is no one at home;
• Circulation without supply ( quick warm-up) - after SMS "Going home";
• Displacement ventilation - fast ventilation, recirculation dampers are closed.

An article about the ventilation system is available at this .

But this system also has its pitfalls.

viktor50:

- Veheating a house is a complex system. H it is necessary to calculate how many valves and other regulating devices you will have, because all this can fail, and adjustment can take an indefinite time and cost a lot of money.

An air heating system is a complex engineering structure. And it is necessary to develop it even at the design stage of the house!

Also, with an air heating system, it must be borne in mind that:

• A filtration system is required;

Without it, the air heating system of the house is a fiction, since the air in front of the stove must be cleaned. Otherwise, the furnace will burn waste products with the flow of combustion products directly into the room.

• The mechanical filter must be cleaned every month, the electrostatic filter - once a quarter, the coal one every six months;

If you clean it less often, then the flow of dust into the heat exchanger increases, where it begins to burn out.

• It is necessary to install an antibacterial filter, because warm and humid air flows through the ducts.

But despite the number of difficult technical issuesthat you need to pay attention to, the use of a correctly calculated and installed air heating system, in the opinion of our user with a nickname TGSV has the following advantages:

- No heating system , which leads to significantly lower thermal inertia and much faster heating of the surrounding space than in the case of using water radiators.

Low inertia provides an opportunity for flexible control of air heating operation. The temperature in the heated room is controlled by built-in automation and a remote thermostat.

When the desired temperature is reached, the air heater turns off, and when it drops by 0.5-2gr. (depending on settings) is activated again. The operation of the unit can be programmed by the hour and by the day. When correct calculation systems to provide a temperature of 20g. the unit will turn on for 15-20 minutes per hour. And during the period when there is no one in the house and there is no need to keep 20g. then at 5-10 minutes per hour.

TGSV:

- The air installation can be useful in the summer as well. It is perfectly suited to be combined with cleaning, air conditioning and humidification systems.

Thus, in addition to centralized heating and ventilation, the user also purchases a central air conditioner. Those. in total, this is the installation of a full-fledged climate control based on one air duct system, with the possibility of zonal air distribution throughout the house.

As additions, this scheme integrates multi-stage air filters from mechanical to electrostatic, ultraviolet lamps for bacteriological cleaning, automatic. The operation of the entire complex is controlled from a single control panel, including using remote access technologies via the Internet.

An interesting experience of operating an air heating system by our forum member with a nickname Nadezhda_Kiev:

- I have a frame house with an area of \u200b\u200b300 sq. M, plus a basement monolithic mezzanine of 70 sq. M. Heated area 250 sq. Heating is gas, air conditioning is electric. In 2010, 2500 cubic meters of gas plus electricity costs were spent on heating - a fan for heating a house drives air through pipelines during the heating season $ 20. in 6 months. Air conditioning costs about $ 1. in a day.

With your own hands

As mentioned above, an air heating system is the best fit for equipping it. But it must be borne in mind that the heat loss of such a house should be minimized, and even at the design stage between the walls, it is necessary to leave space for laying pipes and ventilation ducts.

TGSV:

- Large main air ducts, usually hidden in built-in wardrobes, under stairs, in corridors, attics, technical undergrounds. Air ducts with a section of 250x80 are bred in the rooms. if it is not possible to skip them under the floor or in the attic, then the suspended ceiling will eat no more than 100mm. Now there are more modern high-pressure systems, they use flexible ventilation ducts with a diameter of 70 mm.

An air heating system works best in combination with, but the experience of our forum member is indicative Andrew , who decided to independently make such a heating system, based on a solid fuel boiler.

Andrei.:

- I have a frame house 8x8. Insulation - polystyrene 15 cm - floor, ceiling and walls. Heating TT stove Professor Butakov installed in the attached garage. There are four air ducts from the stove to the corners of the house under the floor. The air is driven by a fan through the oven. Hot air outlet in the floor in the form of a conventional iron ventilation grill... Air intake is partly from the house, partly from the street through the air ducts.

Thus, heating and ventilation of a private house is carried out simultaneously.

Andrei.:

- In winter, at night it was -38 gr. day 31 gr., at home always + 25 + 27. Cold air (30-70%) from the street is mixed with warm air (70-30%) from the house and through a filter (100 rubles) - a fan - the stove is fed into the house. Excessive pressure is created and if there are cracks somewhere in the house, then cold air from the street does not blow into them, but on the contrary blows out of the house.

The oven itself, according to the forum member, is heated around the clock, without interruption. And the heat energy from one firewood bookmark is enough for 8 hours if you heat it with pine and 12 hours if you heat it with larch.

The outlet pipes on the furnace were connected by a tin box into one duct. Hot air comes out from above, cold air comes in from below. Two insulated air ducts leave from the stove to the left and right. And under the floor of the house, the air ducts in the rooms are divorced with a tee.

Sometimes you can hear the opinion that the air heating system is too noisy.

Nadezhda_Kiev:

- My warm air comes from the floor near the windows, creates thermal curtain near the window, rises up and is taken away by the grate, which is located in the hall near the stairs, much higher than our head, therefore, we do not feel the forced flow.

Andrei.:

- I do not feel the movement of air, only if you stand near the grate, you can see that the curtain barely sways. There is no dryness either. Air duct with a diameter of 100 mm. with hot air, insulated with isover with foil enters the house under the floor. Next comes the lag. And comes out in the four corners of the house from under the floor.

Let's calculate the cost of a homemade system, it was spent:

• Boiler - 25t.r;
• Pipe, sandwich (6 meters) - 12 tons. R.;
• Air ducts - 2t. R.;
• Fan - 3 tons. R.;
• Filter - 100 rubles;
• Filter housing - 500 rubles;
• Silencers (2 pcs.) - 2 tons;
• Oven sealant - 200r;
• Self-tapping screws - 100r.

Andrei.:

- And before that I mean water heating I found out in the firm. Boiler + pipes + radiators + work - they counted me at 320t.r.

FORUMHOUSE users can learn about what is better and how to independently assemble an air heating system, participate in a heated discussion and topics "". Watch our video about the secrets of air heating.