Make a sharpening machine for sharpening jointer knives. How do you sharpen your planing knives yourself? Why knives lose their sharpness

Do-it-yourself knife sharpening is a painstaking procedure due to the hardness of the cut products, the frequency of use of the tool, and the thickness of the cutting edge.

The need for surgery arises regardless of the quality of the blade. How to do it at home? Let's try to figure it out.

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Why do you need to sharpen knives, is it possible to do it yourself

Any housewife knows that knife sharpening is very important: working with a blunt tool is not only difficult, but also dangerous. The process slows down significantly and requires serious efforts, as a result of which the muscles of the hand quickly get tired. In addition, the blade is capable of jumping off at the most crucial moment and causing injury.

You can take the product to the workshop, where you will quickly sharpen it. But where is the guarantee that the job will be done correctly and the blade will not be damaged? Moreover, this service is far from free and takes a significant amount of time. And sometimes he is very lacking in preparation for a celebration, for example, to prepare dinner on time. If the knife sharpener is at home, you don't have to go anywhere. The quality will depend only on your skill, the tools and devices used.

Why knives lose their sharpness

No matter how high-quality the steel of the blade is, sooner or later any knife becomes blunt. Why is this happening?

In the process of interaction with the material being cut, the cutting edge loses microscopic fragments of steel. At the same time, its shape changes, and the blade loses its sharpness.

In addition, this process causes deformation of the blade. When cutting products, we apply an effort that almost always deviates in one direction or another. Of course, if this were the only reason, then it would not be necessary to sharpen knives so often. Another detail is important, the influence of which on the pungency is much more significant.

It is almost impossible to maintain the direction in accordance with the plane of the blade. As a result, the thinned hem is slightly curled, and it becomes much more difficult for the knife to overcome the resistance of the cut material. This process occurs especially quickly if the blade is made of low-quality steel.

There is a point of view that hot water can blunt the blade. To some extent, this is true. In the process of contact with steel, salts dissolved in water react with the metal, causing a change in its properties far from the better. But such an impact is not decisive and has no serious significance.

Knife prices

Basic principles of knife sharpening

There are several ways to sharpen. The choice depends on the time you have, the purpose of the knife, the tools and devices available.

The general principles are as follows:

• initial processing is carried out with a coarse-grained abrasive;
• subsequent grinding is performed with fine-grained material;
• for final finishing, leather or various pastes of varying degrees of abrasiveness are used.

To facilitate the work, purchased or homemade device for sharpening knives.

At what angle should knives be sharpened

The sharpening angle mainly depends on their purpose and, accordingly, the quality of the material from which they are made. What value of the sharpening angle should be for knives designed for different needs is indicated in the table:

In some cases, the angle can be reduced to 15º if the tool is used for a special purpose, for example, cutting fresh baked goods.

Applicable materials

Do-it-yourself manual knife sharpeners can be made using bars of varying degrees of abrasiveness. The latter are conventionally divided into the following groups:

• the roughest, which in this case does not apply (from 200 to 250);
• rough - to form the profile of the cutting blade of the blade. If no visible defects are found, such stones are not used (from 300 to 350);
• medium - like the ones above, are rarely used, mainly for a rough adjustment of the blade profile (from 400 to 500);
• small - the main type of stones used for sharpening knives (from 600 to 700);
• very small - are used to bring an already sharpened blade to a mirror-like appearance.

These stones are made from a variety of materials. A do-it-yourself manual sharpener can be made from natural and artificial bars. Natural - from natural stone (corundum, shale, etc.). Artificial - made of synthetic materials or diamond. Moreover, natural wear out more and do not differ in large grain size.

Prices for abrasive bars

abrasive bars

It is preferable to wet the bars with water or soapy water before use.

Note:a bar should be used that has a length significantly longer than the sharpened blade.

In addition to abrasive stones, the following can be used:

• homemade devices serving as their holder;
• sharpening machines for knives;
• mechanical sharpeners;
• musats - devices for finishing a sharpened blade and representing several discs of metal nested one inside the other.

This list can be supplemented. We have given only the main tools used..

Manual sharpening rules

In order to sharpen the cutting edge correctly, you must follow the specified sequence of actions:

1. on initial stage we carry out work with a bar of medium or coarse grain, depending on the condition of the blade; it will be more correct to fix the bar against displacement;
2. determine the required sharpening angle; on each side of the blade, its size is half of the total; the main thing is to keep this angle unchanged;
3. movements should not be performed in jerks; no significant effort should be made;
4. the initial move is carried out from oneself, the edge must go along the bar with its entire length. Please note: when in contact with the bar, the blade should be directed at right angles to the direction of movement;
5. in the place where the blade is curved, it should be turned to maintain the desired angle;
6. at the end of the movement, the blade should not come off the bar, because this can cause it to dull or damage the side surface;
7. then we move in the opposite direction;
8. we continue the sequence of these operations until a bending thin strip appears on the blade; checking for its presence, you can not run your finger along the blade, because you can easily get hurt on sharp edges; if the knife is sharpened correctly, this edge should be the same width throughout the blade;
9. turn the tool over and repeat the operations until the same result;
10. we take a smaller touchstone and sharpen it further, but we no longer move to ourselves - only in the forward direction; since the grain size of the bar is less, the amount of burr along the edge is also reduced;
11. similarly process the reverse side;
12. we repeat these operations on both sides on an even smaller stone; if the burr still remains, we remove it with the finest-grained bar; we remind you that movements are still carried out in one direction - away from ourselves; the clamping force is reduced by the end of the operation.

The sharpening is over. The final finishing of the blade on a leather strip is also possible. An old belt will do.

How to make a homemade device

It is quite possible to make a machine for sharpening knives at home on your own. Let's consider some of them.

Option number 1: the blade is fixed on a fixed platform

This device helps to sharpen the blade, ensuring required angle edges. Below is a do-it-yourself knife sharpening device. Drawings and drawings.

A homemade knife sharpener can be made in the same way as shown in the figure.

The principle of operation and design are clear. The manufacturing sequence is as follows:

1. the base can be chipboard or steel plate; it is marked out and reamed for the rack and blade holder;
2. on the side of the base opposite to the rack mount, a hole is drilled for an M8 bolt to attach the knife clamp;
3. two M10 studs are made: one for the stand, the second for the holder for the abrasive bar;
4. a bracket is made for attaching the holder stud to the rack (by drilling and bending a steel or aluminum plate;
5. the brackets of the grindstone holder itself are made from two corners;
6. a clamp for the blade is made;
7. the structure is assembled as shown in the figure.

This device has one drawback: it is not able to provide a right angle between the movement being performed and the blade of the blade in the place of its curvature.

Option number 2: with a movable platform and magnetic holder

This problem is solved using the following construction. It is done in the same way, but a magnetic holder is used to attach the knife. Thus, it is possible to move the magnetic holder with the blade installed in it and turn it to the required angle. This knife sharpener is equipped with a plate at the base or can be attached to a table as shown in the photo.

It will greatly facilitate the process of sharpening knives.

How do-it-yourself planer knives are sharpened

Any man who has such equipment in his house has dealt with sharpening his knives. To accomplish this, special tools and abrasives are used. Of course, if the machine is often used, it is advisable to have the necessary device at home... Let's consider how to do it yourself.

How to make a machine for sharpening a planer knife yourself (step by step instructions)

To make a do-it-yourself grinder to straighten this knife, you will need to select the necessary parts:

• washer plan;
• bed;
• electric motor;
• a vacuum cleaner;
• fencing.

Manufacturing is carried out as follows:

1. The electric motor is mounted directly under the bed; be sure to take care of equipping it with control buttons "stop", "start";
2. A plan-washer is installed on the output shaft, which is closed by a square guard with a cut out groove;
3. A hole is made on the lower plane of the table to fit the vacuum cleaner sleeve, the latter is designed to remove dust generated during sharpening.

What you need to know

The electric motor may not necessarily be fixed under the base of the washer. It is possible to use a belt drive, but this will lead to a more complex design.

Axes and saws can also be sharpened with this machine.

Sharpening the ice screw

The sharpness of the ice screw allows the fisherman not to make an effort to drill holes in the ice during winter fishing... But for this it is necessary to sharpen the knives of this device.

Sharpening methods are quite diverse. One of them is the use of a self-made tool.

How to make a machine for an ice screw with your own hands

Two steel strips with a thickness of 4 mm and dimensions of 60x200 mm are required. Automotive spring steel can be used but is difficult to bend. Therefore, it is advisable to choose a different material.

Progress

First, the frame of the device is made. The strips are bent so that the knife chamfers, which are pressed against the edges of the rounding, are flush and parallel to each other.

Then a clamp is made from another strip for the sharpened products.

Holes are made in the plate and the body. The pressure plate is bolted to the body, with the knife clamping. It is checked how tightly they adhere to the surface of the end part of the abrasive wheel.

If the angle of the knives is incorrect, the device should be modified by bending the arc of the body. After making sure of the correct placement, we disassemble the device and weld the stiffeners to the frame arc.

It is better to place the emery wheel horizontally, this ensures water retention on its surface. Cooling the knives with water will prevent the steel from overheating when sharpening.

Minus device

The disadvantage of this machine is the impossibility of its use if the chamfers on the knives are located at different angles. Since different ice auger manufacturers have different designs, the universal attachment can be of great help.

Implementation of a universal device for sharpening an ice screw

It allows you to overcome the above obstacle. The adjustment of the knives is carried out with screws, in addition, the possibility of reliable fixation in different positions relative to the abrasive wheel is provided.

This device will require door hinge with minimum stroke and M8 screw with nut. Holes with a diameter of up to 7 mm are drilled on the shelves of the canopy to fix the knives.

A clamping bar with a groove for a clamping screw is made from a metal strip 3 mm thick. They are boiled to the canopy slats.

In addition, several more holes can be drilled, for greater device versatility, so that non-standard knives can be sharpened.

How to sharpen planer knives

This equipment is also widely used at home. It allows you to bring raw sawn timber to the required condition. Naturally, sharpening of knives for woodworking machines is periodically required.

To make the necessary devices, you will need different materials: steel, wood, etc.

The clamp itself is made of wood. On it, grooves are made at 45º. The knives are straightened with a belt grinder or abrasive bar.

It is important to maintain an exact angle to ensure correct processing.

Sharpening with an electric sharpener

The equipment equipped with an electric drive greatly facilitates the work and reduces the duration of the process. But such devices require precision movement and experience.

An electric knife sharpener with your own hands is carried out with an installed handguard to support the sharpened product, with the ability to adjust the gap between it and the abrasive wheel.

Note:must be equipped with a face shield to protect eyes from dust.

Processing is carried out with the front surface of the wheel. You cannot use its side faces. The knife is installed on the hand-hand with the cutting edge up and is held along the axis of the product. The movement is carried out evenly, smoothly, without strong pressure.

After sharpening on both sides, the final finishing of the cutting edge should be carried out with fine-grained stones until the curvature of the blade edge completely disappears.

Of course, a knife can be made with your own hands, but specialized sharpeners are offered for sale, which are absolutely safe and allow you to freely sharpen knives for any purpose.

To do this, after turning on the device, the knife is inserted into the desired slot and is evenly carried along it until the edge is completely sharpened.

These attachments provide excellent sharpening quality. Their disadvantage is the impossibility of adjusting the angle of the cutting edge.

Useful video: ideas for a knife sharpener

Whatever fixtures and tools you use, the main thing is to observe safety when performing this operation... Remember that it is much easier to cut with a blunt knife than with a sharp one. Therefore, let the knives always be sharpened in your house.

Sharpening knives for woodworking machines is a mandatory process that can be done by hand using special tools. Sharpening is the restoration of the previous cutting capabilities of hacksaws, scissor shafts, planers, planers and other devices for wood processing.

• To sharpen the knife shaft of a planer, planer, you need an appropriate device;
• Sharpening work is done by hand;
• Craftsmen have learned to assemble grinding devices;
• When restoring hacksaws, planing devices, sharpening the knife shafts, be sure to follow several recommendations, strictly follow the technology;
• If the teeth of hacksaws, knife shafts are not sharpened correctly, the quality of wood processing with tools will significantly deteriorate;
• Sharpening stones are a good alternative for a sharpening machine. But if there is an opportunity to assemble it yourself or purchase a grinding machine, be sure to use it.

Preparatory activities

If you need to sharpen knives for a woodworking machine, you should start with the mandatory preparation steps. It is not so important what parameters the knife shaft or cutting sheets of hacksaws have 13 mm, 20 mm or all 200 mm, they will need sharpening.

Some people prefer to give blunt shafts to special workshops, where they can easily restore the previous sharpness of a knife by 200 mm or a small cutter lathe... But both ordering a sharpening and buying new knife shafts is a financially costly business.

Preparation for sharpening begins with an acquaintance with the available means of restoring the surfaces of cutting tools and some recommendations.

1. To keep planers, planers, and hacksaws in working order, assemble or buy an appropriate sharpener.
2. Simplest, a budget option Is a whetstone. But the quality of processing directly depends on your ability to work with a stone. If there are none, it is extremely difficult to achieve the desired level of sharpening. Plus, stones are not able to cope with all types of cutting tools that are equipped with modern woodworking machines.
3. Choose a machine that is capable of sharpening at low speeds as this has a positive effect on machining quality.
4. The recommended equipment of the grinding machine is the water cooling system.
5. Carefully study the complete set of household woodworking machines. Often there is already a whetstone that is optimally suited for processing the knives used.
6. If the stone is not provided in the package, you will have to purchase it separately, level it with a special device, and smooth it. This is the only way to sharpen the cutter shafts of planing machines with high quality.
7. The machines have a function for setting the angle of inclination, which is adjustable with a special screw. By turning the screw and changing the position of the sharpener, you will be able to properly fix the tool to the stone.
8. Following preparatory stage - this is the holder in which the knife shaft is installed.
9. If you are a beginner, it is not recommended to start your first job with 200mm knives. Start literally at 13-15 mm, and gradually you will learn to handle 200 mm and even 2 mm. To do this, you need to accumulate some experience.
10. The length of the knife is not a critical parameter, since the knife in the holder can move as far as you need.
11. Be sure to keep the shaft firmly fixed. Otherwise, you will get a significant distortion, due to which the quality of woodworking will suffer.
12. Study the operating manual of the grinding machine you purchased in detail. If this is a do-it-yourself tool, you will have to rely on the drawings and available information on the network about a specific grinder project.

Sharpening

In order for the performed sharpening of knives for a woodworking machine to give a positive result, you can resume work with the equipment at the same quality level, you need to adhere to a few fairly simple rules.

1. The grinder holder can move left and right relative to the knife sharpening stone.
2. Do not let the blade go over the edge.
3. Fix the holder immediately 12 mm from the edge of the grinding wheel.
4. When sharpening knives of 200 mm or smaller variations, make sure the water cooling function is activated on the machine.
5. The cooling system requires constant monitoring. The tank usually has a small volume, so the water needs to be refilled periodically. If it ends, and the sharpening process continues without cooling, you risk ruining a rather expensive knife.
6. As the knives are processed, water from the cooling system can collect on the floor. Since grinders are electrical devices, consider draining water away from your feet and wear rubber shoes. In any case, standing in a puddle of water while working with an electric machine is always dangerous. Follow the safety rules.
7. Keep the whetstone clean. It gets dirty pretty quickly with active use.
8. The grinding wheels of machine tools are cleaned with special device... Machines should be equipped with this cleaning bar, but if it is not in the set, then you will have to purchase it separately.
9. Each subsequent sharpening, according to the rules of operation, is carried out only on condition that the stone is cleaned. Therefore, after each sharpening, arm yourself with a cleaning bar, processing the machine with it.
10. On average, sharpening with a special machine takes about 10-20 minutes. It all depends on the type and size of the tool, which became blunt as a result of the woodworking operations carried out.
11. After sharpening the tools of woodworking machines, do not rush to return them to their place and continue working. After processing on the machine, the tool needs to be fine-tuned.
12. Lapping consists in applying a special paste to the surface of the cutting element. Proceed according to the instructions provided by the lapping paste manufacturer on the packaging. Different pastes may differ slightly in application methods.

If you did everything correctly, then the knife should turn out to be perfectly flat, sharply sharpened, devoid of any irregularities, burrs. Don't worry when the first time the result falls short. It takes some time and a little experience. That's why you should start with simple, inexpensive knives that you don't mind ruining.

Every man in the house will find a convenient sharpening machine useful.After all, the owner is often judged by how sharp this kitchen tool is.

There are many techniques for sharpening knife blades. For example, for a process carried out at home, only a turning block or ready-made devices with an angular gap shape will be sufficient.

To refurbish expensive hunter knives, European manufacturers produce devices in the form of hard bars, the basis of which is a high-strength alloy.

This article will describe how to make a do-it-yourself knife sharpening machine.

Why are knives dull?

What is the reason that the knife becomes dull when cutting? This can be explained by the fact that abrasive particles, which are present in the cut material, have a negative effect on the cutting edge. For example, they are present on vegetables, paper. In simple terms, the blade is subject to gradual wear.

The next reason is the inability to hold the blade in the desired position constantly. Any tremor of the hand causes the knife to tilt, which entails a lateral load.

Sharpening technique

The sharpening technique consists in unified, but at the same time rather laborious methods. The main task is to repair the damage to the blade. It should be noted that for many, such a procedure as sharpening knives provides good location spirit and tranquility.

The basic rule in this process is to maintain a precisely defined constant angle. Power is not required here. The main thing is that the bar and the blade meet at a certain angle. This is the basic rule of sharpening technique.

What should be done to maintain a constant angle?

In order for the angle to have a constant indicator, there are two ways. The first is to acquire the sharpening skill. The angle indicator can be controlled using a conventional marker. They should paint over the carts and, after several sharpening cycles, see how the paint is preserved. If it has worn off unevenly, then the blade is not well processed.

If the knife being sharpened is decorative, then glue the blade with tape so that only the cutting edge remains open. Even if you unsuccessfully guide your hand, there will be no scratches on the blade.

An important point is that the direction of the blade along the bar is perpendicular to the edge at the points of contact. This is actually quite difficult to accomplish. It is acceptable that the angle between the edge and the blade is less than 90 degrees. But when directed along the cutting edge, this indicator is not suitable.

The abrasive particles of the bar can leave grooves on the blade that will never sharpen, but will play a positive role during cutting. If the grooves are aligned along the cutting edge, they will not be useful in cutting. The worst thing is that the cutting edge can break off altogether.

It is important that the bar is long. It should be one and a half or two lengths of the blade. It is allowed for a diamond block to be somewhat shorter, as it grinds faster and better. Its width does not play a significant role. If it is wider, then it is more convenient to work on it and there is less chance of getting the blade outside the device. This can damage the side surface or the blade.

Homemade knife sharpening devices are different designs... All that is required from the manufacturer is the availability the right material and tool skills.

The principle of operation of a device such as manual machine for sharpening knives with your own hands, is to hold the knife blade in an upright position and drive it along a bar fixed at the desired angle. This is much easier than placing a sharpening bar horizontally and holding the knife at the correct angle.

In order to make a do-it-yourself knife sharpening machine, you need a piece of laminate, a wooden rail, sandpaper and a couple of bots with lambs. Chipboard or plywood can serve as a substitute for laminate.

To make the knife holder, you need to cut off part of the material. To prevent the block from touching the holder when sharpening, you should clean its edge at an angle using emery.

It is necessary to mark and cut off the top of the vertical post, which will serve as a support for the bar. The angle is chosen half that with which the knife will be sharpened. For kitchen knives, it is recommended to take an angle of 10-15 degrees.

A machine for sharpening knives with your own hands, the drawings of which are compiled deliberately, assumes the correct calculation of the length of the base of the racks. Please note that the height indicator will be affected by the subsequent installation of the cross support. After that, all parts are cut off, and the edges are cleaned.

Holes are marked and drilled in the base and plate to hold down the bolts holding the blade. When marking, the distance of the holes from the edge of the base is maintained. This is necessary for the versatility of the device, since all knives have their own width. The pressure plate is bolted.

The uprights are fastened with screws. The moment that the load on the bottom is small is also taken into account. In this case, it is better to resort to using thermal glue. In exactly this way, the horizontal bar is attached. The sharpener is almost ready. It remains to make a bar.

For its manufacture, a rail of the required length is cut. Sandpaper with the desired size of abrasive is glued to one edge. To optimize the result, you can resort to making several bars with different grain sizes. The best range is P600 - P2000. In order to protect your hands from cuts, you need to screw the handle on the top of the rail.

The result is a homemade do-it-yourself knife sharpening machine, which is highly functional and practical. When working, the device rests against the edge of the table, which is quite comfortable when using it.

The machine for sharpening knives with your own hands is of a different type. In this case, it is based on a threaded rod M8. Two large washers and nuts are used to hold the 200 mm long bar.

Closes the thread. A pair of paper clips serve to hold the rail stand at the desired height. This ensures smooth adjustment of the sharpening angle. The base is made of a beam, the thickness of which is 40 mm. It is supported by a hand.

How to sharpen planing knives with your own hands

Every owner who has a plane or planer has probably faced the problem of sharpening their knives. It is expensive to purchase new ones periodically. Knives can be easily sharpened by hand. In this case, specialized machines are used, or if it is used constantly, then it would be better to make a machine for sharpening knives with your own hands.

DIY planer knife sharpening machine

To sharpen the planer knife, use special grinding equipment. The do-it-yourself knife sharpening machine has a compact size. It can be installed in the garage or in the garden.

Many people are interested in how to make a machine for sharpening knives with their own hands. To make the device, you need to find certain parts. Perhaps such parts are lying around in your shed or garage. They can also be purchased online.

The do-it-yourself planer knife sharpening machine consists of:

• faceplates;
• table;
• engine;
• vacuum cleaner;
• casing.

First of all, you should find a faceplate. This is the most important component of the future equipment. It is she who is responsible for the sharpening process. The jointer knives are narrow, and the faceplate serves as a guarantor of complete and safe sharpening. This part will have to be bought new, but the rest can be used with the old ones.

It is better to purchase faceplates of German or American production. The average cost of a part is 25,000 rubles.

The next step is to find an engine, the power of which should be 1-1.5 kW. It is not necessary to buy it. Anyone will do, even from the old washing machine... But a table, a casing and a vacuum cleaner will surely be found in everyone.

The main stages of manufacturing the device

When the table is selected, the motor is secured directly below it. A faceplate is attached to the driving part. The engine should initially be equipped with a button that enables the unit to be turned on and off. It should fit comfortably.

For reliable protection the faceplate is closed with a square casing with one cut out corner. It is this area that needs to be sharpened.

On the lower surface of the table in the area of \u200b\u200bthe sharpening passage, a hole is made of the same diameter as that of the vacuum cleaner hose. The presence of a vacuum cleaner is not essential, but it is advisable to install it. It removes unnecessary dirt from the blade processing.

What do you need to know?

The motor mount under the base of the faceplate is not a prerequisite... You can make the parts connect with a belt. In this case, the design will be complex.

The do-it-yourself jointer knife sharpening machine is also suitable for saws and axes.

Sharpening the ice screw

The sharp blades of the ice screw enable the fisherman to quickly make holes in the waters of the ice of reservoirs. However, over time, any cutting tool becomes dull and requires sharpening.

For fishermen, a quality ice screw is a great pride. Often, true competitions in the speed of drilling ice holes are held on reservoirs. And not always the victory smiles at young and strong fishermen who are armed with imported devices. There are times when experienced anglers, equipped with simple tools Soviet production. The reason for the high speed of drilling the hole lies in the good sharpening of the knives and the correct setting of the device. Newbie fishermen, having bought new Swedish devices, do not even have time to blink an eye as their knives become dull. The smallest grains of sand and pebbles in the ice contribute to the formation of chips and dents on the blade.

Sharpening of devices is carried out by the most different ways... Many of our ancestors did not even know what a professional is. In most cases, sharpening was carried out using hand-made devices.

Homemade ice screw machine: what is needed to make it?

For the manufacture of such a device as a knife sharpening machine, you will need two strips of steel, the thickness of which is 4 mm, the width is 60 mm, and the length is 200 mm. A spring from a car is often used as a strip. But she bends very hard.

Progress

First, you need to make the device case. The steel strips are bent in such a way that the chamfers of the knives pressed against the ends of the arc are not only parallel, but also in the same plane.

After making the arc from the same steel strip, the pressure plate is bent, which serves as a lock for the sharpened knives

Holes for M12 or M14 bolts are drilled in the housing and the pressure plate. Having pulled the body and the pressure plate by means of a bolt and a nut, we clamp the knives between them and check the strength of their adhesion to the surface of the end face of the emery wheel.

If the knives are not located at the required angle (the chamfers do not fit exactly to the circle), then the device is modified by bending the body arc to the appropriate level. If the knives are positioned correctly, then the structure is disassembled, and stiffeners are welded to the arch of the body on both sides.

Sharpening of knives is carried out better on which rotates horizontally. In this case, when the knives are wetted with water, the latter remains on the blade and stone longer, ensuring their safety. Submerge your knives in water often. This will help prevent overheating of the steel.

Minus device

The disadvantages of the device include the impossibility of sharpening knives with different angles of the cutting chamfer. But each manufacturer of ice augers offers its own models. In this case, a universal device will do.

Making a universal device for sharpening an ice screw

The universal design allows you to sharpen knives at any angle of the cutting edge. By smoothly changing the angle between the arms of the unit, on which the knives are attached with screws, it is possible to fix the desired position of the knives in relation to the plane of the grinding stone.

To manufacture this device, you need to find a door shed with minimal backlash, as well as an M8 or M10 screw with its own nut. Holes are drilled in the shoulders of the canopy. Their diameter is 6-7 mm (for attaching knives to them by means of screws).

A fixing plate with a slot for the fixing screw is made from a steel strip, the thickness of which is 3 mm. The plate and screw are welded to the canopy arms.

It happens that knives are sharpened, the location of the holes of which does not correspond to the holes in the canopy. In this case, additional holes are drilled in the shoulders for non-standard knives. In this case, the device is more versatile.

How are planer knives sharpened?

Attachments such as planers and surface planers can often be seen in country houses... Through them, raw lumber is brought to the desired state. The knives of these devices, like any others, are dull. If you use them often, then the best solution is to sharpen planer knives with your own hands. For the manufacture of grinding equipment at home, various materials are required: metal, aluminum or wood.

The knife holder can be made from a piece of wood. Having made cuts at 45 degrees using a circular saw, you can sharpen the knives with a belt sander or a large bar. If the latter is not there, then sandpaper is attached to a smooth surface made of metal, wood, chipboard or glass.

Knife holders can be made from scrap materials. The optimal solution the use of metal corners, which have an indicator of 90 degrees, will become. When placing two knives on the sides, the sharpening angle of each will be 45 degrees. With the help of screws, you can fix the knives with the second corner.

Owners of planing machines and electric planers periodically face the problem of sharpening cutting edges. A well-sharpened tool will ensure clean wood processing even at imperfect angles and speeds. The easiest way is to sharpen knives and cutter heads with your own hands using specialized equipment.

Sharpening knives is essential

Planing knives require timely care because:

• blunt surfaces handle wood poorly;
• when processing soft rocks with blunt knives, the surface is covered with pile and irregularities;
• worn edges crumble;
• during planing with blunt edges, the engine and power units are overloaded.

Attempts to sharpen the blades with your own hands using diamond stones usually give short-term results. Due to poor quality dressing, the blade has to be resharpened soon. Therefore, professional carpenters use only mechanical sharpening.

Types and designs of machines

The machines on the market are distinguished by the knife feed mechanism:

• manually;
• automatically.

Sharpening machine planing knives manual feed consists of:

• grounds;
• abrasive stone;
• carriages for fixing the knife.

During processing, the cutter moves progressively with the handle. The transverse movement of the torch is provided by the handwheel.

Automatic machines differ in size and range of options. Mechanisms for industrial applications installed on a powerful cast iron bed. The carriage is equipped with a support. You can set the speed of movement of the blade and the thickness of the removed layer of metal. Industrial machines allow you to sharpen several planing blades at the same time without changing the settings.

	Corvette K-470	WTG-163	GA-630	GA-850	ZX-1000
Maximum length of knives, mm	630	630	640	850	1000
Abrasive disc diameter, mm	100	150	125	125
Sharpening angle, degrees	35…55	up to 30	35…45	35…45	Up to 30
Engine power, W	550	550	850	850	1500
Dimensions, cm	90 x 48 x 42	100 x 60 x 65	100 x 54 x 120	120 x 54 x 120	190 x 56 x 150
Weight, kg	75	60	112	125	250
Add. intelligence	Equipped with asynchronous motor, wet sharpening possible	Processes cutters, circular saws	Wet sharpening possible	Can sharpen up to 4 blades, wet method	Provided for wet method, cup-type grinding disc, controlled via a remote control

Table 1. Characteristics of some models of planer knife sharpening machines

Compact automatic machines for home and small workshops are designed to machine one torch at a time. They also provide speed control and automatic tool feed.

Before starting work on any sharpening equipment, make sure that the bed is firmly attached. Vibration of the machine degrades the quality of sharpening and can lead to injury to the master.

Basic rules for using manual feed equipment

Such machines are used for one-time work and for sharpening small batches of blades with their own hands, since the processing process is quite long.

• Before starting work, you must make sure that the grinding surface is clean, without stains and streaks.
• The movement of the carriage should be smooth, without jerks and jerks. It is forbidden to stop it at the moment the cutter approaches the sharpener.
• The faster the carriage moves, the lower the sharpening quality. The optimum speed of movement is 5 - 6 m / minute.
• For correct sharpening the amplitude of the carriage movement is important. For the passage in each direction, it should move 10 - 13 cm beyond the end of the knife. This achieves optimum contact between the cutter and the sharpener, which must be interrupted before moving in the opposite direction.

Basic rules for working on automatic machines

• Planing knives can be sharpened dry or wet. In the second case, the blade is constantly washed with a stream of water. The wet method is more gentle on the blade and more effective;
• Before starting processing, it is necessary to set the parameters: sharpening angle, amplitude of carriage movement. The amplitude should be 15 cm more than the length of the knife;
• The blades are carefully fixed with their own hands in a mobile carriage.

Homemade planer knife sharpening machine

The design, made at home with your own hands, allows you to quickly and efficiently sharpen knives at one set angle. This will change the factory angle, so all blades will need to be re-sharpened. The quality of planing will not deteriorate, but may improve.

To make a device for sharpening straight blades of planing, planing and thicknessing machines with your own hands, you need:

• metal corner No. 50;
• round pipe with a diameter not exceeding 50 mm;
• electric motor from a washing machine;
• powerful spring;
• bolt with nut;
• plastic handle (knob);
• bulgarian;
• welding machine.

Making a machine with your own hands.

1. Cut off a corner about 50 cm long.
2. We bend two pieces of pipe in such a way that a stable support for the corner is obtained, we weld the legs. The corner should be located vertical plane to the master.
3. At the left end behind the corner we attach an electric motor. It is located on two points: a rigid axis and a powerful spring; The spring is tightened and depressed by the adjusting screw, moving the motor closer or further away from the angle guide.
4. We put on an abrasive wheel on the motor shaft.
5. The engine is started by a switch located on the bed in a convenient place.
6. We feed the tool using homemade vise from a piece of pipe 25 cm long, a pressure plate, a bolt with a nut and a knob. We grip the knife in a vice and move it along the guide, holding the knob.