Carpentry photography workshop. Arrangement of the workshop with their own hands. Additional photos of the carpentry workshop

In the arsenal of any home master there are many tools, devices, mechanisms and devices, as well as a lot of various important little things. And they all need to be stored somewhere. It happens that there are too many things useful in the household, and then one shelf in the hallway or even a special case is not enough to accommodate everything you need. Then there is only one way out: to equip a workshop in which you can not only safely place the existing tools, but also create a comfortable workplace.

The first question that the owner of a summer cottage will most likely have will be formulated as follows: which is easier - to allocate an existing room in a house or a barn for a workshop, or to build a new building? Experts advise choosing the second option. In this case, you can make a building of the desired size; you will not have to work in cramped and uncomfortable conditions, you will have enough space to store workpieces, tools, materials and finished products. Another important factor is that the workshop, located in the annex to the house, will inevitably cause complaints from other family members: they will complain about the noise you make, as well as the dirt that forms and the garbage carried to other rooms. The barn is also considered not the best building to house a workshop in it. This is due to the fact that to ensure normal working conditions, you need good lighting, high-quality heating, tightly closing windows and doors, and, most importantly, a reliable foundation on which you can safely put a floor machine. As a rule, when building a barn, all of the above technical requirements are not met.

So, you have decided to build a workshop on your territory in the form of a separate building. It is necessary to choose a suitable place: one where you can easily go at any time of the year without spending a lot of effort on clearing the road. It is very important that the construction site is on open area . As mentioned earlier, for quality work you need good lighting. And natural light is always preferable to artificial. In summer, during the day, it will be possible to work without lighting devices, which is very useful for vision and more economical in terms of energy consumption. The second, no less important factor is the distance of the building from the residential building. Various sounds and noises emitted during work will interfere with the rest of the household. The third condition for the successful location of the workshop is don't build it in a lowland. Flowing water, stagnant and flooding the structure, will contribute to its rapid destruction. It can also cause accidents. If you have no other choice, and there is no way to place the building in another place, then you should provide for the creation of a high foundation with mandatory waterproofing.

Building a workshop will require you to create a drawing, in which you will need to provide for many different nuances. For example, you should decide in advance on the types of work that you plan to do: carpentry, metalwork ... After all, you need to purchase and install equipment of a certain type - both basic and additional. This will require free space. Do not forget also about the tools that will need to be placed in convenient location. Each owner also has a myriad of fasteners, hardware and other small elements and parts that will also have to be stored somewhere. For them, you should prepare hooks, shelves, racks, comfortable lockers.

The main place of work of a home master is a workbench, and carpentry and metalwork differ significantly from each other. Therefore, in some cases, two workbenches are provided at once. If you plan to use long or large materials like boards or rods, then you will need to make a separate rack for them at least 6000 mm long and 600 mm wide.

Think carefully about your workshop heating system. The best option- standard batteries that can be connected to central heating.

Do not forget also about not the most essential, but still important details: a washbasin, comfortable chair for work and a hanger - they will also need to be put somewhere.

Only after you have carefully thought through all the details and nuances, you can begin to draw a plan-scheme indicating the required dimensions. To calculate the approximate dimensions of the future building, you should take the sum of the areas of all proposed objects and multiply them by a factor of 1.6 - 2.1. This method is, although not the most obvious, but it allows you to get fairly accurate calculations for providing free space for moving between machines and other objects located in the workshop, as well as for comfortable work. Do not forget to make allowance for the thickness of the wall cladding. It is customary to design the type of roof and ceiling height at your discretion; there are no clear guidelines here.

It is best to plan in the workshop the presence of two rooms: utility and work. In the first one you can place a hanger, lockers for different useful little things, small table, chair, washbasin. The second room - the working room - should be separated from the street by a utility room. Doors should be placed one opposite the other so that you can easily bring large or long building materials inside. A shelf for their storage should be placed directly opposite the entrance.

It is desirable to make ventilation not supply and exhaust, but forced. Lighting devices should be provided both general and local (corresponding to a specific workplace). All machines and sockets must be grounded, and each machine must be connected to a separate socket.

After you have created detailed drawing, you can start building a workshop. The order of work is as follows: first, marking is applied around the entire perimeter of the planned structure. A trench 600-800 mm deep is dug under the foundation, formwork is installed in it. A sand and gravel cushion is poured to the bottom and carefully compacted. With the help of iron rods, the foundation is reinforced, then the entire structure is poured with a concrete mixture. Above the surface, the created base must rise at least 200 mm. The next step is building wooden frame. It is done after the concrete has completely cured. Next, you need to equip the floor, and it is best to make it multi-layered. As an option: sand is laid with a layer of 35-55 mm, roofing is laid on top of it, and then flooring from boards (or concrete). After that, we proceed to interior arrangement workshop: we impregnate the tree with special antibacterial and flame retardant compounds, supply communications, make their wiring strictly according to the drawing. After that, it is already possible to mount the equipment and use the workshop.

According to PRO Real Estate

Do you have your own house, but there is no workshop in it? Did you hit your head by chance? How can you call a house a home if there is no place in it where a man can return to his forgotten, but still important activities, like repairing what is broken and creating a new one, so that this new one is broken again? Our fathers spent hundreds of hours behind machines and saws, but you, as soon as a chair leg breaks, you are already going to the trash can. Come to your senses! The universe gave you hands for a reason, but to do cool things with them. A table that you made yourself will always be more valuable and better than the one you buy in the store. But you will never do anything like that, you will not saturate your memories with the joy of carpentry, if you do not have a comfortable and functional workshop. We want to talk about how to equip an ideal workshop.

Where to locate the workshop

Home workshop is not as simple as it seems at first glance. There are many subtleties to be told and mysteries to be revealed. But you need to start with the most important thing - choosing a place. It is necessary to proceed from your starting positions. Suppose you have a house where there is an attic, and a basement, and two floors, as well as a garage. No reasonable person, living with a family, will have his workshop in one of the living rooms - the squeal of an electric saw will make your girlfriend nervous. So forget about living rooms on the first and second floors. An attic, even if it is large, is also not an option - you yourself will not want to carry tools upstairs forever, and it will be expensive to clean. The best option we consider garage or basement. In both cases, you will have to soundproof so as not to strain either the neighbors or roommates, whoever they are. It should be spacious enough to be able to store large and heavy items. Ventilation and heating for the winter period will not be superfluous.

Pay special attention to ceilings. And the point is not only in aesthetics, but also in functionality, convenience, which are significantly reduced if your choice inadvertently falls on low-quality representatives of the ceiling world.

Our choice is Grilyato ceilings. They represent a hanging aluminum ceiling, which has simply wonderful fire-fighting properties, which is important in any workplace. This design has high corrosion resistance, is well ventilated, and looks stern and stylish. find good manufacturer, such as, and set yourself to health. You won't have to regret your choice.

Another important and, no doubt, useful feature of Grilyato ceilings is the possibility of combining them with other types. suspended ceilings(cassette and rack, for example). If you want to build in a lamp, then the ceiling will cope with the task. If you want to get access to engineering communications, then go ahead - there are no difficulties with Grilyato.

Proper lighting

Even if you occasionally work in the workshop when you have a free day or you have a vacation, the lighting still needs to be perfect. Light greatly affects the quality of your work – it always has. If the lighting is dim, then it quickly puts you to sleep (you can’t deceive the brain), but good, strong light has a great effect on your performance.

All work surfaces should be well lit. In addition to the main light, think of local sources that are easier to control. For example, install a local light above the workbench. And, of course, you should not rely on natural lighting - there is no helper from it. What lamps to use? Everyone decides for himself, but we recommend that you abandon incandescent and halogen lamps. use LED lamps. They will be more expensive, but will more than pay for themselves, as they are the most durable of all. possible types lighting.

It will not be superfluous to place individual lamps around the perimeter of the workshop - you can already choose them according to your own taste preferences. Pay attention to style decisions. beautiful lamp will set the tone for all work, create a unique atmosphere of the workshop. Take a look at the Garage Factory, for example, which is full of great designer and masculine pieces.

In addition, their purpose is to provide light when the main one is not needed, or to focus on a certain area of ​​​​the workshop.

Crafting table

You can't do without it. We can say that the workbench is the heart of your workshop.

There are three criteria by which a workbench design should be judged:

Criterion #1: Functionality

The workbench is good not only because you can work on it, but also because it is always convenient to store tools in it. It is necessary to pay attention to the storage area: all tools should be at hand, easy to get and return to their rightful place. For large instruments, you need a solid cabinet with shelves or drawers, which, if you want, can be further enriched with plastic boxes for various trifles.

Criterion #2: Strength

We talked about this a little higher: take it from metal and you won’t lose. Metal makes your workbench durable, unpretentious in use, which cannot be said about wood, which needs special care.

Criterion #3: work surface

If you want to work at a workbench for pleasure, then the work surface must be extensive, and durable, of course. Then you can create whatever your heart desires at the workbench. As for the material of the countertop itself: choose between moisture-resistant plywood and a thick sheet of MDF. The difference is small, the main thing is that the surface be covered with galvanized iron to increase the service life.

Shelving

Sooner or later, you will definitely accumulate a bunch of different utensils in the workshop. Some things will be absolutely useless, while others will humbly wait in the wings. In any case, you will have to find a place for all these, no doubt, expensive gizmos. The simplest and most correct solution to this problem is the good old racks. Nobody came up with anything better!

There are two types: lightly assembled and bolted. The first ones are quite easy to maintain, they are assembled without bolts, and the shelves can be combined the way you want. The design of bolt racks is completely different. It takes more time to assemble. Whatever you choose for your workshop, you need to take into account the dimensions and weight of the things that you want to place on the shelves, and in accordance with the goals of buying these same racks. You can’t thoughtlessly put anything on the shelves - they can simply not stand it. And it's not far from injury. So try to take shelves that can withstand an order of magnitude more than you need.

If you perfectly understand what exactly you will store on the shelves, then you have almost chosen the rack. It remains only to familiarize yourself with the characteristics and carefully consider your choice. Pay close attention to the load! , with shelves that can hold up to 300 kilograms, is a great choice!

Foreword

All stages of the construction and equipping of a carpentry or metalwork workshop at a summer cottage or other area. The nuances of drafting and erecting a building for a workshop.

It is better to rebuild the workshop, and as a separate building, and not an extension to the existing buildings on the site. Of course, you can select a corner or room in the house. But in this case, one cannot count on the comfort of those living in it and the absence of reproaches on their part for the noise during work in the workshop and the garbage unwittingly carried into the living rooms. In addition, there is hardly enough space in the house to accommodate everything you need: tools, a workbench, machines, and more. And you will have to work in very cramped conditions, when there can be no talk not only about comfort and convenience, but even about elementary safety rules.

Although it is believed that the minimum sufficient area for a workshop is 5–6.5 m 2, which can certainly be provided in a house, this is not enough. What is 6 m 2? This is a closet or corner measuring 2 × 3 m. Such a space will fit only for a photo lab or for a radio amateur.

When it is supposed to make a locksmith or carpentry workshop, then 6 m 2 is almost the same as nothing. Even if you manage to squeeze any useful and serious equipment into the space left after placing the workbench and the most necessary for any workshop, then it will be almost impossible to work due to cramped conditions, at least with large and long parts. Again, where to store finished products, blanks, lumber in the home workshop?

Do-it-yourself carpentry workshop

A garage is also not an option. You will have to drive the car every time so as not to damage it during work. In winter, because of this, it will be difficult and very energy-consuming to maintain a comfortable temperature for work in the garage workshop. In addition, you will have to sacrifice part of the space for car parts, tools.

Converting a suitable size barn into a workshop is an option, but doubtful. The workshop needs normal windows and doors, insulation, heating, light, ventilation and preferably water. This is probably not in the barn and will have to be done. He himself can be placed in an unfortunate place for the workshop. The barn may require redevelopment or the creation of separate rooms, if they are not. This is exactly the case that they say - it's easier to break and rebuild.

In addition, the workshop must have a solid foundation, namely, a slab one. Especially if floor machines are installed in it. And especially if they are for a locksmith shop. They often acquire decommissioned and simply old equipment, including those from Soviet times. It is heavy, bulky and creates a decent vibration during operation. In any case, the workshop is the place where the load on the floor is very high. Falls of heavy objects are inevitable, work may be accompanied by blows of something (for example, a hammer or a sledgehammer) on something (a part or workpiece) that is given to the floor. In the latter, it happens that you have to drag something. And even the smallest desktop machine at least a little, but it vibrates, thereby contributing to the process of destruction of the base of the room.

The slab foundation may still be in the garage, but in the barn it is unlikely and unlikely that it is in the house. If the workshop is located on the second floor of a residential building, attic or in the attic, then not all buildings have a sufficiently strong and strong floor there either.

It is advisable to choose a place on the site for the workshop in an open space so that the shadow from trees or other buildings does not fall on it. Due to this, in winter it is possible small savings on heating or it will simply be warmer to work, since on fine days the sun will help with heating. A all year round during daylight hours do not need to turn on lighting or it will be possible to use them minimally, since there will be enough natural light, which, by the way, is better for the eyes. In addition, it will save on electricity.

If possible, the workshop should be built away from the house and buildings with pets, because even if it is not supposed to place too noisy equipment in it, almost any work will still be accompanied by sounds that are far from the most pleasant for any ear. True, the farther from home, the longer, as a rule, the supplied communications (electricity, heating and plumbing) turn out, and these are additional costs.

Workshop site

It is also recommended that the workshop is not in a lowland. There, as a rule, rain water and from melted snow accumulate. Even if the workshop is not heated, then excess humidity will become a serious test for the building itself, machine tool tools and communications. All this will quickly fall into disrepair. Even emergencies are not ruled out, for example, short circuits in wiring or in equipment. You can, of course, take protective measures against flooding and moisture. When building a workshop with your own hands, make the foundation higher and with waterproofing, provide, if possible, drainage from it, take care of strengthening the moisture insulation of the entire structure, and the like. However, all this will require additional financial costs, as well as efforts and time for arrangement.

It is desirable that the chosen place has convenient access to the workshop at any time of the year. So that it doesn’t get swept up much in winter, otherwise you will have to put a lot of effort into periodically clearing the path and the approach to the front doors, and in the spring, throw a much larger amount of snow away from the walls to prevent them from flooding. And, finally, if there are places on the site that are not at all suitable or unsuitable for growing any plants, then it is recommended to choose one of them for the workshop.

Before starting to develop a project, you must first decide what work is supposed to be done in the workshop: only carpentry or metalwork, or maybe both. Best to compose full list all kinds of work. It is also recommended to think about the possible replenishment of this list in the future. Maybe in a month or six months there will be a desire to make such a product with your own hands, in the manufacture of which you will need to perform an operation that was not previously provided.

Based on the list of types of work, we are already compiling 2 other lists - for the required main and auxiliary equipment and workshop equipment. They must include everything that will have to be inside the building. (from a screwdriver and a sledgehammer to a drill and a grinder), hardware, fasteners, auxiliary equipment, small and small workpieces, finished products and the like, as well as a powder fire extinguisher and a first aid kit, we group into the first list, which may be approximate and not very detailed. We decide how all this stuff will be placed and stored. Depending on the size and frequency of use, one or another equipment from this list can be placed: in cabinets, on racks and shelves, hung on hooks mounted on the wall.

The second list should include:

1. Crafting table. If the workshop is supposed to perform both locksmith and carpentry work, then two workbenches. Locksmith and carpentry are different from each other.
2. All necessary machines.
3. Equipment that may need to be installed in the future.
4. Vacuum cleaner, preferably a special construction one - for garbage collection.
5. Heating devices. It is better that these are ordinary batteries connected to the central or heating system of the house, especially if you plan to build a wooden workshop. Electrical appliances will consume a lot of electricity, and some types of them are fire hazardous (electric fireplaces, for example). different type stoves, including long burning it is also recommended to use only in stone buildings (concrete, brick, blocks, panels).
6. A box of sand (in case of fire wiring or equipment).
7. Wash basin.
8. Water container.
9. Hanger for overalls.
10. Chair.

Workshop Equipment

We add to this list the resulting additional equipment of the workshop: cabinets and racks. Shelves and hooks can be ignored - there is always a suitable place for them on the wall.

Now we need to decide whether large-sized and long materials (for example, boards, a bar or a corner, a bar, and so on) will be used for work, blanks, and whether it is worth allocating space for them in the workshop. It is recommended to provide for them a separate rack or, at least for starters, a separate zone 0.5–1 m wide and at least 6 m long. Otherwise, they will then get in the way underfoot during work, or they will have to be left on the street if there is no longer any place to attach for a while (in a barn, for example). Under the open sky, the metal will rust, the wood will first be saturated with moisture, and then sooner or later it will begin to rot.

A rack or a place to store materials and blanks is also added to the second list of equipment and equipment. This detailed list will allow you to accurately determine the size of the workshop.

Now you can go directly to the design itself. Its result does not have to be a set of drawings made in accordance with all the rules, it is enough to make a few sketches with your own hands without observing the scale. The main thing is that they be as detailed as possible. On the sketches, you need to draw all the elements of the building, including small and small details. And, of course, all dimensions must be indicated on them - external and internal workshop, as well as its elements. Several sketches are necessary for the reason that on one or even two it is impossible to display in all projections and details the structures of the building, and even its elements.

We begin the design by calculating the area required to accommodate all the equipment and equipment of the workshop listed in the second list (compilation rules in the previous chapter).

A simple, fast, but at the same time very inaccurate way of calculating is to multiply the sum of the areas of all objects placed in the workshop by an approximate factor of 1.5-2. It is believed that this method should provide the necessary free space for work and movement between the equipment placed in the already built workshop. However, in practice, this approach can cause many difficulties, especially if there are many objects to be placed and they have very different or large dimensions. Most likely, when arranging the equipment, you will have to repeatedly rearrange everything again, while taking something back out into the street, and then again dragging it into the workshop. And it’s not a fact that as a result of such long ordeals everything will work out perfectly - it will be convenient to move and work everywhere.

Calculation of the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room for the workshop

In order to accurately determine not only the area, but also the internal dimensions of the workshop (length and width), it is necessary to make a do-it-yourself scheme for arranging all the objects to be placed. Its compilation is best done using two sheets of graph paper. From one we cut out on a scale of 1:20 (or another, but so that it is a multiple of 10) rectangles and squares of the dimensions of the objects to be placed. We sign them in accordance with what equipment or equipment they refer to. We lay out all this on the second sheet of graph paper, trying to arrange it within the boundaries of a rectangular or square perimeter. We take into account the space and gaps between objects that are required for convenient and free work, as well as our own and the movement of tools, materials and other things.

Do not forget that this arrangement is carried out on the scale chosen for the equipment - it is necessary to periodically translate the distances on paper into real ones in order to avoid mistakes. The following order of design in this way is recommended. First, we draw 2 perpendicular lines on paper. These will be 2 walls and a corner of the future workshop room. We mark the front door on one of the lines. Specify its width. It must be at least standard or equal to the width of the largest machine (equipment) or its largest part, if it has to be brought in disassembled in parts. Now, relatively and starting from the existing corner and door, we arrange on paper all the equipment of the workshop. Each machine and workplace must be provided with unhindered access from all sides, which are provided for by the operations performed on them. Finally, draw the remaining 2 walls.

Specify where the windows will be. They are best placed in the eastern and / or eastern walls. And more light, and warmer in winter. Then, if the layout was drawn up on graph paper, we measure all dimensions on it (including the distances between the equipment). We translate them according to the selected scale into real values, which we indicate in the appropriate places on the diagram. If the diagram was drawn up on plain paper, the desired dimensions are indicated in the process of its development.

It is recommended to make 2 rooms in the workshop. One is a working one, where all the equipment and equipment will stand. The second is a small utility room that separates the first from the street. The presence of this room in winter will prevent the temperature from dropping during opening front door at the entrance and exit in the workshop itself and make it warmer. This will also save some money on heating.

In the back room, you should place a hanger for overalls, a washbasin, one heater, and maybe even lockers for blanks, finished products, rarely used tools, and something else like that. A small table with all the attributes for tea drinking and trestle beds will not hurt here, so as not to be distracted from work for a long time and not to carry dirt into the house, making short snacks or smoke breaks.

The door from the street to the back room should be opposite the entrance to the workshop itself. Otherwise, it will be difficult or impossible to bring in long materials (boards, rods, etc.). The dimensions of the utility room are determined by drawing up on paper the layout of its furnishings. Both schemes are utility room and the workshop itself - we do it on one sheet.

Schemes for arranging the situation in the workshop

If it was decided to place a rack or a place for storing long workpieces and materials inside the workshop, then they should be located opposite its front door. Equipment for sawing and cutting should be located immediately nearby. That is, next to the rack for materials, so that the workpieces do not have to be transferred to the other end of the workshop for initial processing.

After drawing up the layout of the equipment in the workshop and determining its area, we make a project (sketches) of the building. For determining external dimensions add the thickness of the proposed walls to the internal ones. We choose the height of the ceilings and the type of roof at our own discretion, so that it is affordable, convenient for work and can be done by hand.

The workshop must be equipped with ventilation. It is better if it is forced (rather than the usual supply and exhaust) and from each workplace, especially if woodworking is expected. You can make it the same as. We draw all the elements of this workshop equipment on the sketches and indicate its dimensions and parameters.

In conclusion, we show on the project the placement of lighting devices (general and local for each workplace), wiring and grounding. Each equipment must have its own outlet. All machines and outlets must be grounded. Then we indicate on the sketches in what way and from which side all communications (electricity, heating and plumbing) are brought into the workshop.

In the chosen place, we make markings around the perimeter of the future workshop. We dig a pit with a depth of 60-80 cm under slab foundation. We put formwork around its perimeter. At the bottom we fall asleep a gravel-sand pillow. We ram it, after which the thickness of the backfill should be at least 15–20 cm. Then it is desirable to reinforce the future foundation. To do this, we use reinforcing mesh or rods, the first row of which is laid on the bottom, and the second is fixed 20–30 cm higher to the formwork. Then we pour concrete. The foundation should be at least 15–20 cm above the soil surface.

When it is planned to install bulky and / or heavy machines that require rigid fixation to the floor, then under them, in the foundation, immediately, while the concrete has not yet hardened, install threaded studs or other steel fasteners in appropriate places according to the layout of the equipment. After the concrete has completely hardened, these machines can be installed and fixed if there is concern that it will be impossible or problematic to bring them into the built workshop. Then, until the end of construction, this equipment must be properly covered with a tarpaulin or plastic wrap.

If it is decided to make the workshop wooden, then it is best that it be framed from beams and boards. The building will turn out to be warm, and it will be quite simple to build and carry out its further equipment and decoration. But in this case, at the installation sites of the frame racks, it is necessary to insert threaded studs or reinforcing bars into the concrete of the foundation immediately after it is poured. After the concrete has completely hardened, we build a workshop according to the project in the same way as. If it is decided to make a stone workshop with your own hands (from blocks or bricks), then we build it, as well as.

Frame workshop from beams and boards

Then we equip the floor. It can be made multi-layered. We fall asleep on the foundation with a layer of sand 3–5 cm thick. Then we lay the roofing felt, and on top - the boardwalk. Another option is to use concrete instead of boards. Before pouring it on the roofing sheet, we lay the reinforcing mesh, and then carefully level the floor surface. Such a basis is not afraid of falling heavy objects on it and it will reliably protect the foundation from such a destructive effect, especially in a locksmith's workshop. True, in the latter, it is still desirable to lay sheets of rubber or a conveyor belt on top of the floor. They will protect the base from oil and other active substances.

After that, if the workshop is wooden, it is desirable to carry out fire-retardant treatment of all wood inside it. special formulations. Then we bring communications to the workshop and make their internal wiring. We select all cables and wires with a cross section corresponding to the current load on them. In a wooden workshop, we lay them in metal tubes or boxes to protect the building from fire in the event of a short circuit. If necessary, we fix the ceiling and doors with soundproof materials inside the building on the walls.

Then we bring it into the workshop and arrange, mount all the equipment and equipment in their places. What you need to connect, connect. Then we already carry out the final events.

It is not enough just to have the necessary set of carpentry and improvised tools - you need to take care of their proper storage. It is for this purpose that it is worth thinking about creating a well-equipped home workshop, which will allow you to place each piece of equipment in the place intended for it. A workshop in the country will please the owner in perfect order, because all the tools will be neatly laid out on the shelves. Under it it is quite possible to equip shed or garage.

A home workshop is a great place for those who like to create things with their own hands, spend repair work. In order to work in a mini-workshop, you definitely need to think about the competent arrangement of its space. A do-it-yourself carpentry workshop is a workplace that every man will love.

In this article we will tell you how to create and competently organize a carpentry workshop with your own hands. Follow the tips below and you'll be fine.

It’s one thing to find a suitable angle for a certain tool in a house or apartment, but it’s quite another to organize a workspace for a compact woodworking machine, a planer, a vise, a workbench, an anvil, an electric saw, and a whole range of utensils necessary for the workshop. If you do not have a very wide range of tools, you will be able to allocate a small amount of space for a mini — workshop even in the apartment. Of course, to equip a full-fledged home carpentry workshop with your own hands on a small quadrature it will not work in any way, because at least a separate room must be allocated for its organization. So in this case, you will have to think about a different place for her equipment. A much more suitable place to organize a workshop would be a garage or a country barn.

• Against the organization of a home workshop in the apartment is also the fact that there are families and neighbors who will definitely not be delighted with the noisy work of tools - it will be almost impossible to work for a long time;
• Among other things, the amount of voltage required for the normal functioning of the tools can cause a sharp failure in the electrical network;
• When dealing with wood, one cannot avoid the formation of a significant amount of sawdust, shavings, dust from wood, which are very dangerous when interacting with sparks from the operation of electrical tools. To comply with the measures fire safety, it is preferable to equip the workshop area in a non-residential type.

How to choose the right place for the construction or arrangement of the workshop

It often turns out that woodworking tools simply have nowhere to go - as a rule, they bring in most of the income, requiring almost a separate room for their placement. In particular, this trend is noticeable for machines and tools that require a significant amount of space.

Best suited for this purpose:

• summer dining room, not used for its intended purpose;
• ordinary country veranda;
• a barn equipped with electricity or a garage building (own or rented);
• semi-basement room;
• attic;
• a room attached to the house;
• a certain room of a large private house (a separate entrance is required).

The order of the organization of the workspace in the home workshop

When allocating the necessary space, you should also remember the minimum size of the area, which allows you to equip a full-fledged workshop with your own hands. Try to make the home workshop not resemble an ordinary barn, but be divided into a number of functional compartments:

• machines located next to sockets;
• shelves or cabinets for small tools;
• a corner reserved for placing tools for cleaning the workshop (boxes and buckets, brooms, mops, containers, garbage bags and buckets);
• hinged structures;
• a separate shelf, hanger or hooks for work uniforms;
• a special department equipped for the storage of manufactured items;
• mini — cabinets for storing small tools;
• the space allotted for the storage of materials involved in the work.

In the central part of the workshop, as well as next to working area equipment should provide for the availability of free space for comfortable movement of the worker and his assistant (if necessary). The space occupied by the machine and the workbench should be doubled - this is the coefficient of the minimum usable area for the workshop.

In addition, it is necessary to allocate a certain space for free movement around the room, rearrangement of working tools and equipment, as well as for small tools (in total, about 3 sq. M.).

In what cases it is necessary to carry out heating and lighting in the workshop

The project of a do-it-yourself home workshop provides for the solution of the issue of its heating in winter period- provided that you plan to work at any time of the year. Heating devices are necessary to establish the temperature required for a comfortable working process. If you have chosen a wind-blown barn as your workshop , You just can't work all year round. In the course of work, it often becomes necessary to quickly warm the palms, which are cold even in tight gloves (most often this is required when working with metal).

It is necessary to heat the workshop if its location is:

• garage or shed on suburban area not supplied with heating;
• attic of a private house;
• unoccupied house (auxiliary building);
• glazed loggia;
• attic room.

The project of a country workshop involves the passage of certain stages

• Each electric tool or machine must be provided with a designated place for it and unhindered access to the work surface from several angles;
• The free area should exceed the space occupied by the devices at least twice;
• Expensive electrical appliances that you are not going to use in the near future should be placed in a special cabinet - especially if various clients and customers often appear in the workshop;
• The workshop must necessarily be equipped with a level, strong and very secure floor, capable of withstanding the fall of heavy tools and high temperatures. But it is better to attach especially toxic liquids to a separate shed or securely cover them from direct sun rays;
• It is necessary to observe all fire safety measures provided for by law: to ground the machines, to acquire a powder-type fire extinguisher;

• The workshop involves ventilation equipment, and also does not tolerate high humidity;
• It is worth taking care of sufficient sound insulation;
• Regular cleaning of the workspace is extremely importance for your safety. Therefore, it is preferable to purchase a high-quality vacuum cleaner for cleaning, suitable for cleaning the floor from sawdust and fine dust that appears during woodworking. Also in the workshop there should always be a rag that eliminates oil stains;
• It is recommended to divide boxes for construction debris according to their purpose: some should be taken away for debris that appears after working on wood and metal, while others should be used for other waste;
• Make sure that there is always a certain supply of water in the workshop (it should be stored in tightly closed containers in an easily accessible place);
• Paints, various solvents, chemical and toxic substances, flammable liquids should be stored separately from other working utensils. Keep them away from heating devices, direct sunlight and flames;
• Garbage should be disposed of immediately: it is especially important to immediately dispose of empty packaging from flammable liquids, toxic liquids, technical lubricants. Timely deliver scrap metal;
• Place a container of dry sand in the workshop (or auxiliary tool shed) - this is needed in the event of a fire in electrical equipment or machine tools. For the same purpose, it is worth storing a tarpaulin, fabrics dense in structure, worn outerwear- they will help block the path of oxygen to the flame;
• After working with a machine or workbench, cleaning should be done immediately, as waste in the form of chips, sawdust and oils greatly increases the risk of fire;

Do-it-yourself workshop construction and its exploitation is a rather high risk process. Therefore, it is imperative to place a fully stocked first aid kit (at least a mini first aid kit) in it.

The kit includes:

• bandages, plasters and cotton wool;
• tourniquet;
• analgesics;
• brilliant green;
• febrifuge;
• medical alcohol;
• medical glue for the treatment of minor wounds.

Tools needed to set up a workshop

1. Workbench - you can either purchase it or make it yourself. Distinguish workbenches locksmith and carpentry types;
2. The woodworking machine is a key element for any carpentry shop. You can also do it yourself, but getting ready-made is much less problematic;
3. An electric planer is also a fairly common tool. Designed for woodworking, but also very useful in construction and repair work.
4. Vice, clamps are necessary to securely fasten and hold the material being processed in a comfortable position.

A properly equipped workshop with your own hands makes it possible to perform various carpentry work without turning to professionals for help. In the country, it is equipped in a separate building, a car garage, an unused barn. In such a home workshop, working tools are stored, one or more machines, a vice and other devices necessary for performing simple repairs of old things, furniture, and household structures are installed.

Room for carpentry - which one is suitable in all respects?

If the workshop with their own hands is equipped on suburban area, it is optimal to allocate a separate room for it, which is as far away from the residential building as possible. In this case, the noise during the carpentry work and extraneous odors will not prevent the rest of the family from enjoying a relaxing holiday.

Ideally, for country carpentry, a new building should be erected, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bwhich is enough to install all the required machines, racks and other structures. Some craftsmen adapt used block containers for a household mini-workshop. They are affordable and have sufficient capacity (about 14 squares).

The container is purchased when the workshop will be used regularly. If it is planned to carry out small amounts of work in the carpentry, and even then from time to time, it is allowed to place it in the old utility block, shed, garage. Suitable for these purposes and the basement or attic of the house, attached veranda or summer kitchen.

The minimum floor area for a workshop on a suburban area is 6 square meters. They are enough to install a carpentry workbench, a small drilling machine and sharpening fixture, 1-2 racks for storing tools. 10 squares will fit even more units, which are used by almost all home craftsmen.

A properly designed carpentry has several main areas. These include:

• corner for a broom, mop and other equipment used for cleaning;
• places for the assembly table and workbench, machines;
• a separate wardrobe or hanger for overalls;
• racks or hinged structures for tape measures, saws and other tools;
• a wooden box (another container) for garbage, sawdust, waste;
• small cabinets for small parts(fasteners, drills);
• area for storage of manufactured (repaired) products.

In the presence of these functional areas, work in a home mini-workshop will be truly comfortable.

Workshop requirements - what to consider?

The safety and ease of use of home carpentry depends on the correct arrangement of it. The workshop must:

• be equipped with effective ventilation;
• meet fire safety requirements;
• dispose efficient heating(if the premises are planned to be used all year round);
• have good lighting and sound insulation.

In a DIY workshop, it is enough to install a conventional forced ventilation system. It will draw out wood dust, which will protect the respiratory organs of the home craftsman from irritation.

The fire safety of the carpentry mini-workshop can be ensured by grounding all available equipment, machines, electrical appliances and a powder-type fire extinguisher. The latter should have a volume of 4.5 kg and belongs to the ABC class. It makes it possible to extinguish fires of electrical engineering and any materials prone to ignition.

Competent lighting of the carpentry is a guarantee of labor safety. It is very dangerous to use a woodworking machine or power tool in poor visibility. The home workshop is equipped with sources of general and additional light. The latter are mounted above the workbench, electrical unit.

Important point! Doctors do not advise the use of the same type of lamp in the carpentry. It is optimal when additional lighting is carried out by incandescent devices, and the main one - by daylight fixtures.

The soundproofing of the workshop is carried out by standard means. If it is located in a separate building, it is enough to line it with any finishing materials, placing noise-protective products under them (foam boards, mineral wool). When carpentry is set up in the basement, in the attic, in one of the rooms of the house, it is advisable to install soundproof doors and double-glazed windows in it.

Electrical cables laid to connect lighting and machine tools are selected so that they can withstand serious current loads without problems. All wires are hidden in metal pipes or special boxes. These devices in case of short circuits exclude the possibility of fire.

Carpentry in a separate building - where to start work?

You need to immediately decide on the list of machines and tools for the workshop and their dimensions. Based on these data, a sketch (or a full-fledged drawing) of the room is created. It indicates all the functional areas of the future workshop with the geometric parameters of each of them. A complete home carpentry is equipped with:

• Woodworking unit. Its simple version is easy to do on your own. A more complex machine is purchased at a specialized store.
• Workbench. It is usually made by hand, choosing sizes based on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room.
• Clamps and vise. Installed on a workbench.
• Hand tools for working with wood products. It includes a planer, pliers, hacksaws, chisels, mallets and ordinary hammers, tape measures, a drill, pliers, squares.
• Electrical devices - a milling cutter, a jigsaw, a screwdriver, a circular saw, a grinder.

The sketch makes it possible to rationally plan and organize the space of the workshop. With it, all work on the construction of a home carpentry shop goes without a hitch.

The next step is pouring the foundation. A free-standing workshop is recommended to be installed on a slab base. It's easy to make it:

• On the site cleared of trees and bushes, the perimeter of the building is outlined and the soil is selected (to a depth of 0.7 m).
• A wooden formwork is mounted along the edge of the resulting pit. It is raised above the ground surface by 20–25 cm.
• The bottom of the pit is covered with a mixture of fine sand and gravel (layer height - 20 cm). These materials are carefully compacted.
• A reinforcing mesh is laid in two layers on a layer of gravel and sand. Its individual parts are interconnected by a wire with a cross section of 2 mm and rods 25–30 cm long.

The reinforced base is poured with a concrete mixture, which is covered with a plastic film or tarpaulin. This structure is left alone for 21–28 days. This is the time it takes for the concrete to fully harden.

Building the box, arranging the floor and arranging the equipment

The walls of the workshop are easy to make from wood, foam concrete blocks or bricks. The first two materials are lightweight. Therefore, craftsmen prefer to work with them. The wood used must be impregnated with a flame retardant. The constructed frame is covered with a gable, flat roof.

Floors in a carpentry home shop are of great importance. It is advisable to do them in two layers:

• Sand is poured onto the foundation (height - 5 mm) and the latter is covered with roofing material.
• A reinforcing mesh is laid on the first layer, poured concrete mortar. The second option is to build wooden flooring on ruberoid.

After arranging the floor, they start up in the workshop engineering Communication. Then ventilation is installed.

Now you can equip the carpentry with tools and woodworking units. Racks, hinged shelves, machines are brought into the room and installed. There are several important points to consider here:

• There should be more free space in the home mini-workshop than the one occupied by the equipment.
• Access to each machine, workbench, cabinet is organized from several (ideally - from three) sides.
• It is forbidden to cover the floors of the workshop with slippery materials.

All machines and equipment are securely attached to the base or walls of the building. This is done in order to eliminate the risk of overturning heavy units and causing injury to a person.

Arrangement of a workshop in the garage - important nuances

When organizing a carpenter's workplace in an existing car box, it is necessary to take into account the features of this room. In such situations, the workbench, machines, cabinets and racks are located along the walls at a distance of at least 1-2 m from the machine.

In garages with standard sizes it is desirable to replace a stationary workbench with a table hanging type with reclining table top. If it is necessary to perform any work, it unfolds, and after their completion it is folded and fixed to the wall with clamps.

If the dimensions of the autobox do not allow the installation of shelving structures or cabinets, working tools are placed on hooks, special cassettes and trays. All these devices are mounted on the walls.

Last recommendation. Setting up a workshop in the garage used to store the car should only be a last resort, as the likelihood of damage to the car during carpentry work is very high. It is better to organize your own repair shop in any other unused premises.