Furniture production from scratch business plan. Furniture manufacturing equipment furniture manufacturing as a business. What taxation system to choose for a wood furniture business

The production of cabinet furniture is enough profitable businesssince the demand for given view furniture stable throughout the year. For this business you will need:

1. Premises: workshop and office;
2. Employees: designer-technologist and furniture assembler;
3. Suppliers of materials and accessories;
4. Intermediaries for increasing sales: furniture showrooms and design studios.

Depending on the planned volume of investments and experience in this area, you need to choose a method of organizing production. Production can be organized in three ways, depending on the length of the technological process and the size of the investment:

• Full cycle production;
• Medium cycle production;
• Short cycle production.

A complete description of the workflow is provided in other sections of this business plan.

To organize a private business from scratch, you do not need to try to cover all stages of furniture manufacturing. Better to start by assembling ready-made components in your own workshop. In this case, you will have time to build a system for working with a client, establish relationships with suppliers, research the market, and build a customer base. And once the flow of customers becomes stable, you can consider expanding your business to include other technological processes.

The assortment of cabinet furniture consists of office furniture (chairs, tables, shelves, etc.) and home furniture (cabinets, wardrobes, dressers, tables, chairs, stools, benches, etc.).

Initial investment - 640,000 rubles.

The average monthly profit is 86,615 rubles.

The break-even point is 4 months.

The payback period of the project is 11 months.

2. Description of the business, product or service

According to the data of enterprises operating in the market, the demand for cabinet furniture is divided between office furniture and home furniture.

The range of products on offer includes:

Office furniture: racks, cabinets, chairs, tables, cabinets;

Furniture for home: kitchens, dining tables, chairs, stools, cupboards, storage boxes, shelves, benches.

The assortment may change under the influence of the seasonality factor. For example, in the summer, they order in large quantities furniture for relaxing in the country: benches, stools, tables. In autumn, the demand for school desks and chairs, racks for papers and documents increases. The demand for kitchens remains consistently high throughout the year.

The production of cabinet furniture can be carried out in three different ways, depending on the length of the production cycle.

• The first way implies the presence of a full cycle: from the manufacture of the material that acts as the basis of cabinet furniture (chipboard, laminated chipboard, MDF) to the release of the finished product.
• Second way excludes the process of making the material, i.e. ready-made sheets of chipboard, fiberboard, MDF are purchased. It remains to cut them out, make an edge and assemble until ready.
• Third option production is organized according to the principle of a short cycle and includes only the process of assembling furniture. Furniture is assembled from custom-cut canvases of chipboard, laminated chipboard, MDF.

For the organization of a small business "from scratch" the best option is to work on the principle of a short cycle. In this case, there is no need to purchase expensive equipment, and the workshop works under a specific order.

After you build up a customer base and the company has a stable flow of orders, you can expand production by covering other cycles. By this time, you will already have enough accumulated funds to purchase sawing and edgebanding machines that will allow you to increase the chain of the technological process.

The sale of finished products will be carried out in several ways:

1. Forming applications through our own office, which is also a showroom;
2. Through intermediaries: furniture stores, design studios. This method of cooperation will allow you to cover a geographically larger market volume;
3. Online sales. Delivery in this case can be carried out by a third-party transport company.

3. Description of the sales market

Consumers of this type of business can be conditionally divided into three target groups:

End consumers at retail.These are the very people who will use your furniture. They can be divided according to age criterion and frequency of purchases:

1. Young working people from 25 to 30 years old who purchase furniture for the first time;
2. People from 30 to 50 years old who renew cabinet furniture in the home and office every 4-5 years.

​​​​​​​Wholesale customers. As a rule, these are private and public organizations that buy large quantities of similar products. This type of consumer includes schools, kindergartens, hotels, office centers, etc. As a rule, they are given a certain wholesale discount depending on the order volume.

Mediators. These include interior showrooms and furniture stores. They are interested in long-term cooperation and work with you for a certain percentage of the order. Many of them exist in the format of show rooms, which allows them to host exhibition samples of their own products.

Competition in the market for the production of cabinet furniture is quite high, so you should not initially invest a lot of money in this type of business. The demand for your products will mainly depend on quality, delivery times, and the price of finished products. An important factor will also be the provision of guarantees for products within a year from the date of installation and start of operation.

The high level of competition is due to the fact that your competitors are not only the same private workshops, but also large companies. For example, a large selection of cabinet furniture is offered by the international IKEA network. However, a favorable factor is that with the increase in the dollar exchange rate, the prices for Swedish furniture have increased significantly.

Let's highlight the main advantages that will allow your company to occupy a stable niche in the cabinet furniture business:

1. Work on order. No need to organize a warehouse and store large stocks of materials;
2. The minimum set of tools. At the first stage, you do not need to invest in the purchase of expensive equipment;
3. Small staff. To get started, you will only need to hire two permanent staff;
4. Availability of our own showroom and exhibition samples in interior and furniture salons;
5. The ability to change the range of products depending on the demand trend;
6. A wide range of materials and accessories for clients with different income levels;
7. Creation of an online store with delivery to the region;
8. Production of designer furniture according to the author's drawings.

4. Sales and Marketing

Marketing channels

5. Production plan

Stages of setting up a cabinet furniture business

Setting up your own production consists of the following steps:

• State registration

To open a small workshop with a short cycle production, you can register as an individual entrepreneur. In this case, you do not need to open a current account and create an authorized capital.

However, if you intend to soon expand production and work with large suppliers and customers, then it is better to immediately register as an LLC. The optimal taxation system when working with orders coming from individuals is the simplified tax system (15% income minus expenses). In this case, you will need a KKT installation.

• Rent of premises for a workshop and office

Since at the first stages you will not need to install large-sized equipment, it will be enough to rent a room of 200 sq.m. Moreover, 150 sq.m. accounts for the workshop and warehouse, and 50 sq.m. to the office space, where exhibition samples will be presented, as well as workplaces for the designer and manager.

An additional advantage when choosing a room will be the ability to increase the lease area to 300 sq. M. during a year. Subsequently, increasing production, you will need additional square meters to organize a warehouse for materials and finished products, as well as a place for machines and equipment.

Room requirements:

• Non-residential premises

The most suitable for this type of activity will be a production facility. This is due to the fact that the work of the workshop is accompanied by a high level of noise.

• Ground floor, two entrances

You will need to organize two separate entrances: to the office and to the workshop. In the second case, it is necessary to have access roads for trucks.

• Three-phase electricity 380 W.

Some equipment has high power consumption. This needs to be thought out in advance.

• Lack of dampness and high humidity.

This is a fundamentally important factor. Since the main material for work is wood, the high humidity will immediately affect the quality of finished products.

Stages of work with a client

The order is carried out in several stages:

• Client contacting the company

At this stage, the manager or leader identifies the client's needs and makes a list of the pieces of furniture that he needs. Then the designer-technologist starts working with the client. He helps the client to determine the design of the product, the number and size of boxes, material, color and texture of the facade, etc.

• Cost calculation, ordering

After agreeing on the type and composition of products with the client, the designer-technologist calculates the cost of the order. Then the manager or manager coordinates this cost with the client, places an order, takes an advance payment. The order period is indicated as standard and ranges from 30 to 45 working days. In this case, early production of furniture is possible.

• Purchasing materials from suppliers

At this stage, the manager or manager orders individual components from suppliers.

Main material. In its role is chipboard, MDF or solid wood. You need to order not only a sheet of the required material, but also its cutting to size and edge. You can order from one supplier, or you can purchase separately: sheets from one supplier, and processing from another.

Facades. Kitchen facadesand cabinet doors are separate furniture elements. Their main function is decorative, so the assortment on the market is huge. You can choose to work with multiple suppliers by comparing prices for specific items.

Countertops. They can be made both from laminated chipboard sheets and from natural and artificial stone.

Drawer backs and bottom. These elements are made mainly of MDF, the color is matched to the main material of the furniture.

Furniture fasteners. These are metal products that act as connecting elements: furniture corners, wooden dowels, eccentric ties, euro screws, etc.

Fittings and guides. This category includes furniture hinges, lifting mechanisms, doorknobs, legs for furniture, as well as guides for sliding doors sliding wardrobes.

To compare suppliers of materials, two criteria should be followed: price and production and delivery time. As a rule, lower prices are accompanied by longer lead times. It is fundamentally important for the company that all individual elements are produced in one time, as well as that the entire order as a whole is completed as quickly as possible.

• Main job: assembly of the furniture body

This work is performed by a furniture assembler in the workshop. It takes delivery of components and assembles the main body of the products. Small-sized and mobile products are assembled completely. These include bedside tables, chairs, small tables. Oversized furniture assumes partial assembly in the workshop and final installation on site.

• Delivery and installation of the finished product

This is the last step, which requires the presence of the assembler and supervisor. The manager accepts the finished work, hands it over to the client and receives full payment. The order is considered completed.

6. Organizational structure

To start an organization, you need three people: a manager, a designer-technologist, and a furniture assembler.

With an increase in the scale of production, the staff will be replenished. In the future, the composition of the state:

Workers - increasing the number of employees to 5 workers and a production manager;

Despite the fact that in every city there is a large number of furniture stores, there are times when people come to these companies and cannot find what they really need. When funds allow, I want to make an exclusive renovation in the apartment and furnish it with expensive, refined and practical furniture. In some cases, it can even be individual orders with their own sketches. That is why it makes sense to open a workshop for the production of furniture.

It is worth noting that (like any other) you need to start only with a plan of concrete actions. Therefore, in order to open furniture shop, it is necessary to draw up a business plan that will help resolve all issues related to the production and supply of cabinet and other types of furniture.

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What is needed in order to create a furniture business

The furniture workshop implies the opening of an enterprise that will accept orders for the production of cabinet and other types of furniture from local stores.

It is worth knowing that the degree of success of this project can be assessed as high. This can be justified by the fact that the demand for furniture has been actively growing since 2000 by 15-20% per year.

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In what form do you need to register an enterprise

It should be said that the organizational and legal form that is necessary for running this type of business is an individual entrepreneur (individual entrepreneur). This is due to the fact that consumers of the services provided will be individuals. However, in the event that there is a possibility of having customers among legal entities, it makes sense to open an LLC (limited liability company).

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Performing market analysis in your city

The first thing to do is to analyze the market for the production of furniture in your city, consider the level of competition, find flaws and shortcomings in neighboring furniture workshops in order to avoid them in your business.

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Selection of the necessary premises for the production of furniture

The next thing to take care of is finding a suitable room for a furniture workshop. It is worth knowing that at least two rooms are required. One of them will need to be allocated for the office, in which all orders from potential customers for the production of furniture will be accepted, and the other - directly for the workshop in which the supplied products will be manufactured.

The tangent office - it is worthwhile to understand that it should be located in good locationwhere a large number of people will see him every day. The workshop can also be opened outside the city if this helps to reduce costs. However the best option there will be an opening of two rooms side by side. You can often see that some companies have an office, a workshop, and a shop selling finished furniture nearby.

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Choosing the hardware and software you need to start production

Today, the market for the sale of equipment for the production of furniture is represented by products of a large number of different manufacturers (both domestic and foreign), while all machines can be easily integrated with the most common computer software for the production and modeling of furniture. The best of them are KZ-Furniture, Astra Raskroi, Astra Furniture Designer and many others.

The minimum set of equipment that you need to start furniture production:

• jigsaw;
• milling machine;
• lathe;
• panel saw machine.

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What employees are needed for the functioning of a furniture workshop

An important step is the selection of personnel for the future enterprise. A person who is well versed in computer programs for the manufacture and modeling of furniture will need to be placed in the office (point of receiving orders). At the same time, he must be sociable so that he can find a common language with any potential clients.

In the furniture manufacturing workshop, you will need to hire several workers who have experience working with the main types of machines and materials. An important condition is that employees should be teetotal, so as not to slow down the process of manufacturing and supplying furniture.

The main materials that employees must be able to work with are particle board (particle board) and MDF (medium density fiber board).

If you plan to open a store selling finished products, you will need to hire another employee - a sales assistant.

Accordingly, a general list of workers that will be needed to start production:

• driver - 1 person;
• shop assistant - 1 person (if necessary);
• workers in the shop - 2-7 people (depending on the size furniture production);
• designer-acceptor of orders - 1 person.

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Supply of manufactured products

The following distribution channels are possible:

• individual customer customers;
• furniture stores;
• own store or showroom.

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The costs that will go to create this business

• rent of premises for a workshop - 300,000 rubles per year;
• office space (point of receiving orders) - 100,000 rubles per year;
• premises for a store or a showroom - 200,000 rubles per year;
• purchase of the necessary equipment - 200,000-1500,000 rubles (depending on the selected manufacturer);
• consumables (300,000 rubles per year);
• payment for work performed by staff (at least 1,200,000 rubles per year).

Total: the total costs that will be needed to start furniture production are approximately 2,300,000-3600,000 rubles. It is important to note that all calculations were made based on the pricing policy of Perm.

In the modern Russian market, the production of cabinet furniture takes up a quarter of the total furniture production. Small and medium-sized businesses consider this industry profitable and profitable - the demand for quality products is stable. Consider how much investment will be required to organize your own furniture workshop, how difficult it is to lead the market and whether it is worth trying for aspiring entrepreneurs in this area.

The demand for cabinet furniture is very high now. In general, it is always quite high, but currently the growth of interest is explained by the revival of the market for new housing construction.

When buying a new apartment or renovating an old one, the purchase of new cabinet furniture is almost inevitable. This is the foundation of any interior.

Cabinet furniture is all furniture made from solid modules installed and fastened horizontally and vertically. This variety includes:

• cabinets;
• buffets;
• headsets;
• storage areas;
• racks, "walls", shelves, bedside tables;
• dining and writing tables.

At the same time in modern conditions one cannot complain about the lack of supply. Both small workshops and huge corporations actively sell their furniture. The furniture business is highly competitive is the main reason for the closure of most start-up businesses. Therefore, before trying to be realized in this area, it is worth drawing up a business plan, analyzing costs and taking into account all the pros and cons.

All furniture made of solid modules is called cabinet furniture.

What materials are cabinet furniture made from?

How to start furniture business from scratch? First, you need to find out what modern cabinet furniture is made of. The most common material is particle board (particle board) or medium density wood panel (MDF). Solid wood furniture is less common: it costs significantly more, because the demand for it is lower.

Chipboard furniture is much cheaper, as it is produced, in fact, from glued wood chips. Modern methods Decorations allow you to give it a more expensive and solid look, while keeping the cost low.

If you are planning to start the production of cabinet furniture from chipboard, you definitely need a reliable supplier of materials, which will provide you with blanks for work in due time and in the required volume. It is better to conclude a supply contract with a chipboard manufacturer, rather than purchase materials on demand yourself.

As for the related accessories and other materials, it is also necessary to conclude contracts with reliable contractors for their delivery in order to avoid a situation where it is impossible to fulfill the order in due time due to the lack of components.

How cabinet furniture is made

Before proceeding with the compilation of a list of the necessary equipment and other costs for your enterprise, it is important to get at least a general idea of \u200b\u200bthe technological process of manufacturing cabinet furniture. Simplified, it can be described by the following cycle:

1. Preparation of a product project, determination of the shape and size of the components
   modules.
2. Manufacturing of modules in accordance with the product design.
3. Preparing the mounting holes.
4. Processing of sections (foil, veneer, laminated edge).
5. Collection of the finished product.

Any workshop for the production of furniture in one way or another reproduces this technological cycle. Its minor changes depend on the equipment available at the enterprise, production optimization, and the qualifications of employees.

The speed and comfort of work depends on the quality of machines and other equipment.

What equipment is required for your own furniture production

Now let's consider what equipment for the production of furniture is needed for a start-up enterprise. First of all, these are different types of machines for furniture production:

1. Format-cutting machine. With the help of this machine, modules of the required size and shape are created from chipboard blanks. They allow you to cut panels horizontally and vertically, as well as at an angle without chips, with exact observance of the required dimensions. Such machines are divided into varieties depending on the technology of feeding the workpiece: manual, semi-automatic and fully automated.
   

   For small industries, manual ones are suitable - they allow you to maintain the required volume and at the same time are cheaper. When enlarging an enterprise and moving to mass production, it is reasonable to replace them with semi-automatic or automatic machines. The price for such machines starts from 200 thousand rubles.

2. Edgebanding. The name of this machine directly speaks of its function - processing the edges of the product. Several options for processing slices are possible: decorative film, melamine edging tapeinstalling veneer or wooden slats... For a new such car, you will have to spend at least 600 thousand rubles, for a used one - about 300 thousand.
3. Drilling and filler. Required for installing hinges and fixing holes. The cost of such a machine starts at 300 thousand rubles.

In addition to machine tools, a modern furniture shop should be equipped with:

1. Grinding machine - for polishing workpieces or finished products. From 2 thousand rubles, but for production purposes it is better to consider options from 10 thousand rubles.
2. Screwdrivers. There should be several of them, since they are required by each employee. The purchase of screwdrivers will have to spend from 30 to 50 thousand rubles.
3. Perforator. From 10 to 20 thousand rubles.
4. Knives, drills and other cutting tools, about 20 thousand rubles.

Thus, only on equipment for the manufacture of furniture and related tools will have to spend at least 1,200,000 - 1,500,000 rubles. There are several ways to save money. For example, buy used equipment or lease it to get started.

When buying machines, new or used, carefully consider all associated warranties. A good sign there will be a warranty service. Pre-study customer reviews. The speed and comfort of work, and therefore the quantity and quality of products, depend on the quality of machines and other equipment.

Where to open a furniture production

The production of cabinet furniture for business purposes requires quite a lot of space. Conventionally, the entire space can be divided into zones:

• storage of blanks;
• installed machines / workplaces;
• collection and processing of finished products;
• storage of finished cabinet furniture.

A small business requires an area of \u200b\u200babout 100 square meters. It is better to rent it in the industrial part of the city: it will cost much less. Make sure that the rented space has convenient access roads for the delivery of materials and suppliesas well as loading of finished products. The cost of renting premises varies significantly depending on the region, but on average it will cost 100-200 thousand rubles.

A small business requires an area of \u200b\u200babout 100 square meters.

How cabinet manufacturers work

The overwhelming majority of furniture manufacturers, especially those from the small business, prefer to make and assemble products to order. This approach is beneficial to both parties: buyers receive furniture of the right size, color and configuration, and the manufacturer spends just as much resources as necessary and does not work at a loss.

With this approach, one sample is made, which is exhibited in the store, indicating that the copy for sale will be made taking into account the wishes of the client. The main thing with this approach is to make furniture quickly enough and offer customers the maximum number of options.

Who to hire in the state

The basis of the furniture enterprise will be made up of workers, mainly carpenters, whose task is directly to manufacture samples and products to order. The number of employees depends on the volume of production, for a small workshop 2-4 people are enough.

A sales manager is needed to find sales channels, interact with customers and collect orders. This specialist negotiates with furniture stores, looking for clients in reality or via the Internet. Can act as a marketer and work on the company's sales strategies. The purchasing manager does the reverse work - looking for suppliers, ensuring the timely delivery of components for production.

It is very good if there is an opportunity to hire (albeit half the rate) a furniture and interior designerwho will develop sketches of samples and recommend various solutions for clients.

When a company assembles furniture according to the customer's measurements, an employee is needed to take orders and, if necessary, go to the site and take measurements (for example, for the manufacture of cabinets, "walls", kitchen sets and shelving). A designer or sales manager can take over this function.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Cabinet Furniture Business

How profitable would such a business be? Furniture is always in demand, but it is very difficult for start-up companies to prevail over competitors. Therefore, before investing funds and efforts in organizing your own furniture enterprise, carefully evaluate all the pros and cons of this business.

Strengths: high demand and self-realization

1. Cabinet furniture is always in demand, so a manufacturer of quality products will always be able to earn money.
2. Relatively small investment in the company. Of course, the initial capital for a furniture company cannot be called minimal. But, first, it is significantly lower than the capital required for most other industries. Secondly, investments can be significantly reduced by purchasing used equipment or by leasing it.
3. The opportunity for self-realization as a businessman or a craftsman producing high-quality and demanded products.

Furniture is always in demand, but it is very difficult for start-up companies to prevail over competitors.

disadvantages

The main disadvantage of the cabinet furniture business is the very high competition. Such activities are carried out by small private workshops and huge factories. Startups find it difficult to compete, many are closed after a year and a half of work, having suffered losses.

What gives furniture manufacturers an edge in the market

Why do some workshops successfully operate in the cabinet furniture market for years, while others close after 12-16 months? The reasons can be very diverse, but there are several characteristics that successful companies have in common:

1. Conscientious work with quality materials. By purchasing such furniture, buyers expect that it will serve them for at least 10-15 years and will retain its "marketable" appearance. It is quite difficult to guarantee this when working with chipboard, therefore those companies are retained on the market that combine maximum quality with affordable prices.
2. Maximum attention to the wishes of customers, exact adherence to sizes, variability of colors and textures.
3. Manufacturing of furniture in different price categories - for greater coverage of potential buyers.
4. Active advertising campaigns aimed at attracting new customers and loyalty programs for regular ones.

Conclusion

The business of manufacturing cabinet furniture requires an initial capital of 1.2 million rubles and a set of specific knowledge. A small business requires 4-6 employees. Competition in this area is very high and is explained by the steady demand among a wide variety of customer categories.

In this article:

The furniture business can be developed in two ways - to sell furniture already made by someone, or to produce your own. But it is much more profitable to combine these two streams into one channel. And most simple option for the organization of its own furniture production, the opening of a workshop for the production of cabinet furniture is considered.

What is included in the category "cabinet furniture"

Cabinet furniture is a piece of furniture that has a "box" structure and is designed to be located along the walls. This category includes: tables, shelves, wardrobes, cabinets, walls and other types of furniture made of separate rigid parts.

The production of cabinet furniture is regulated by the following norms:

• GOST 16371-93: Furniture. General technical conditions.
• GOST 19882-91: Cabinet furniture. Test methods for stability, strength and deformability.
• GOST 28105-89: Cabinet furniture and tables. Test methods for drawers and half-drawers.
• GOST 13025.1-85: Household furniture. The functional dimensions of the storage compartments.
• GOST 28136-89: Wall cabinet furniture. Strength test methods.
• GOST 26800.4-86: Furniture for administrative premises. Functional dimensions of cabinet compartments.

Market analysis of cabinet furniture

According to Rosstat, the manufacture of cabinet furniture is the most demanded type of furniture business, which occupies about 25% in the niche of all furniture production. Today's consumer is well aware of what cabinet furniture is and what it is for. In this case, even the brand or the long-term presence of the company in the market is not important - offer a lower price with decent quality - and the buyer is yours.

If we arrange consumer requirements in the form of a pyramid, then the lowest and most "weighty" tier will be the price, then - the materials used, the build quality, original design, and only then - the manufacturer's brand. Therefore, despite the huge competition in the cabinet furniture business, there is a place for everyone who can understand the wishes of the consumer and anticipate fashion trends.

Who is he, a potential buyer?

According to the analysis of age characteristics, the target audience of buyers of cabinet furniture is divided into two groups:

• young people under the age of 30 who purchase furniture for the first time;
• the older age group (40-50 years old) who buy new furniture to replace the old one.

The most popular "representatives" of cabinet furniture are kitchens and walls for the hallway and living room.

Raw materials for the production of cabinet furniture

Cabinet furniture can be produced from chipboard, MDF, solid wood. To reduce the cost of production and the final cost of the product, companies often combine these materials, for example, replacing an expensive furniture panel on the wall area and partitions with chipboard or laminated fiberboard.

The easiest option to start production is to make furniture from double-sided laminated particle boards (Laminated chipboard). Why?

Firstly, there will never be problems with the supply of such raw materials - both domestic and foreign manufacturers produce laminated chipboard in plenty. Secondly, for the same reason (wide offer), it is possible to agree on favorable terms of delivery (with a deferred payment, discounts for large quantities, etc.). Thirdly, the use of laminated chipboard significantly reduces the cost of production, since it reduces one stage - veneer or laminate veneer in the manufacture of furniture, which requires additional investment and makes sense only for large production volumes.

To select raw materials, you must be guided by the following indicators:

• thickness of laminated chipboard slabs (16-18 mm for external walls and 12 - for internal partitions);
• density - compliance with GOST 10632-89;
• emission class 16371-93 - E1.

For the back walls of furniture, you can use fiberboard (GOST 4598-86).

Features of the technological process for the production of cabinet furniture

There are several options for the technological process of manufacturing cabinet furniture. They can be divided into chains of various lengths:

• full technological process - from the manufacture of material for the body base (chipboard, MDF, furniture board) to the finished product. This is the best option for mass and batch production, which allows you to significantly reduce the cost of materials, but very expensive from the point of view of small business;
• medium - the manufacture of furniture, where the raw materials are finished sheets of chipboard, fiberboard, MDF - in fact, only cutting and assembly;
• short (only assembly) - the production of cabinet furniture is carried out from the canvases of chipboard, chipboard, MDF already cut to order. This is the most popular option for starting a small business "from scratch", which provides for work on a specific order without buying expensive cutting equipment. Then, after developing an appropriate customer base and receiving serial orders, you can think about purchasing your own cutting and edge banding machines in order to "lengthen" the process chain and expand production. This explains the relative ease of entering the furniture manufacturing business - in fact, it can be plan in any sequence of the production cycle.

The manufacturing technology of any cabinet furniture is subdivided into five main stages:

• Drafting of a finished product in various planes;
• Cut out the necessary materials for the details of future furniture;
• Drilling holes for fasteners;
• Facing of cut edges (laminated edge, veneer, PVC film);
• Assembling the finished product.

A detailed description of the technological process depends on the automation of production and the percentage of the use of manual and mechanized labor. The most progressive (and, accordingly, expensive) production is considered to be equipped with automated machine tools (CNC). The operator only needs to enter the dimensional data into a special computer program, design the desired product and give the “start” command.

The CNC-machine literally in a few minutes will cut out the necessary walls and partitions of the future cabinet furniture from clearly fixed materials, drill holes according to the reamer plan. All that remains is to veneer the edges and assemble the finished furniture. But it is profitable to buy such lines if there are constant serial orders. It makes no sense to reconfigure the machine for each piece of furniture according to an individual order. Therefore, for example, consider the "golden mean" - the operation of a semi-automatic line of several machines with partial use manual labor.

To start such a production, you will need the following equipment:

1. panel saw with manual feed of materials;

2. edge banding machine for facing straight edges, concave and convex elements;

3. drilling and filler machine for drawing blind and open holes for fittings, hinges, dowels;

4. grinder;

5. screwdrivers;

6. puncher;

7. cutting tools (cutters, drills, knives).

Description of the technology for the production of cabinet furniture

1) After the development and approval by the customer of the sketch, a model of a future product is created using computer program that can be installed on a regular laptop.

For example:

• Cutting - a program for choosing the optimal cutting of chipboard, laminated chipboard, MDF sheets with the least losses;
• PRO 100 - a program for visualizing a sketch of a model in 3D, drawing up a design, constructing and calculating the necessary materials, parts and accessories for assembly.

But manufacturers of automatic and semi-automatic machines offer other types of programs already installed on their equipment, for example, "UCANCAM V9", "ArtCAM", etc.

2) A plate of material from which the product will be made is fixed on the machine, sawn into separate parts in accordance with the cutting charts.

If furniture is made of fiberboard - on this preparatory work and end - the parts go to the assembly. If we are talking about furniture made of chipboard or chipboard, rough workpieces are subject to mandatory machining sawn edges;

3) Furniture parts made of chipboard go to the edge banding machine, where with the help of glue and a pressure press slab cuts are faced with a laminated edge , PVC foil, melamine or other edging materials;

4) Depending on the configuration of the machine, holes for fasteners are being done:

• semi-automatically - on filler machines;
• manually, with the help of hammer drills and electric drills, using drawings with additive schemes.

6) After the holes are added, the product is sanded along the edges (to smooth out, remove the overhangs of the edging material in height and length) and sent to the assembly;

7) Control assembly using a hand tool helps to identify flaws and inconsistencies and eliminate them in the finished product. After that, the furniture is disassembled (if necessary), packed and sent to the finished product warehouse.

Estimated business plan for organizing the production of cabinet furniture

1. Objectives of the project

The company plans to open a furniture workshop for the production of cabinet furniture in the middle price segment.

Range: wardrobes, tables, shelves, bedside tables. The production will be organized according to the principle of an incomplete cycle: raw materials in the form of chipboard and fiberboard, as well as accessories, will be purchased from suppliers for further cutting into finished panels according to patterns, processing and assembly of furniture according to the developed drawings.

2. Funding

To launch production, it is planned to attract the own funds of the founders of the LLC, which will reduce the payback period and give an advantage in the formation of pricing policy.

3. Target group of buyers:

• intermediaries - specialized furniture stores, repair and design studios;
• end consumers (retail) - people with an average income who prefer to renew their furniture every 3-4 years;
• end consumers (wholesale) - state-owned enterprises and government agencies, office centers, hotels.

4. Ways of implementation:

A) through a warehouse-store, in which samples of work will be exhibited and an office equipped for receiving customers;

B) direct deliveries of consignments of furniture to private companies and government agencies; C) through dealer networks (including in other regions).

5. Advertising campaign

Advertising will be built with a view to the target group of consumers, for which it will be used: media means (advertising in the press of the relevant topic), the creation and promotion of its own website on the Internet, the placement of advertising banners on websites dedicated to interior design and renovation of premises. It is planned to allocate 60,000 rubles / month for advertising purposes.

6. Organizational issues

For the legal registration of the business, it was decided to create a Limited Liability Company (LLC) on a common taxation system. This form makes it possible to work with both large wholesale suppliers and consumers and retail buyers.

To register the activities of the company, you will need the following documents:

• information about the name of the company;
• the decision of the founders (minutes) on the opening;
• data on the director and accountant;
• details of the account opened for depositing the authorized capital (if the contribution is cash), and the current account for conducting business;
• confirmation of payment of state duty;
• charter, indicating the size of the authorized capital (at least 10,000 rubles) and the following activities:
  • 36.12 Manufacture of furniture for offices and trade establishments
  • 36.13 Manufacture of kitchen furniture
  • 36.14 Manufacture of other furniture
  • 51.47.11 Wholesale of furniture
  • 52.44.1 Retail sale of furniture
  • 52.44.5 Retail sale of wood, cork and wicker products
  • 52.61.2 Retail trade carried out directly via television, radio, telephone and the Internet.

7. Requirements for the premises for the production of cabinet furniture

• First floor,
• availability of all communications,
• three-phase electricity 380 W,
• driveways and loading docks,
• lack of dampness and high humidity.

It is planned to rent a room of 500 m 2 at a price of 240 rubles / m 2, broken down into 3 parts:

• an office with an exhibition hall with an area of \u200b\u200b50 m 2;
• workshop for the production of cabinet furniture, with an area of \u200b\u200b350 m 2;
• warehouse for raw materials and finished products - 100 m 2.

Total - 120,000 rubles / month (1,440,000 rubles / year).

8. Personnel

To work in one shift (21 working days / month, including holidays and weekends), the following staff is required:

• director - 40,000 rubles / month;
• accountant - 35,000 rubles / month;
• account manager - 20,000 rubles / month;
• designer-designer - 25,000 rubles / month;
• production foreman - 30,000 rubles / month;
• workshop specialists - workers with knowledge of the main types of furniture machines and the peculiarities of working with chipboard, fiberboard and MDF (5 people, 20,000 rubles / month);
• auxiliary workers - (2 people, 12,000 rubles / month).

Total: 12 people.

Estimated wage fund - 274,000 rubles / month.

Payroll taxes (37.5%) - 102,750 rubles / month.

Total salary costs - 376,750 rubles / month.

9. Equipment, main and auxiliary

Total cost - 423 950 rubles

10. Performance

It is planned to release products in the following volumes:

• pedestals - 100 pieces / month,
• tables - 100 pieces / month,
• cabinets - 100 pieces / month,
• racks - 100 pieces / month.

11. Calculation of the cost of production

According to the calculated data of the table of material consumption for production

and prices for materials,

the cost of production will consist of the following material costs:

• consumption of materials,
• electricity,
• advertising,
• salary,
• depreciation,
• rent.

Sideboards - 18 354 (material costs) + 207.59 (electricity) + 94 187.5 (payroll + UST) + 21 197.5 (depreciation) + 45 000 (other costs: rent, advertising) \u003d 178 946.59 rubles /month.

Tables - 27 550 + 207.59 + 94 187.5 + 21 197.5 + 45 000 \u003d 188 142.59 rubles / month.

Cabinets - 44 647 + 207.59 + 94 187.5 + 21 197.5 + 45 000 \u003d 205 239.59 rubles / month.

Shelves - 19 210 + 207.59 + 94 187.5 + 21 197.5 + 45 000 \u003d 179 802.59 rubles / month.

Total: 752 131.36 rubles / month.

12. Price

Calculation of the wholesale selling price per unit of production (unit cost + profit margin):

Drawers - (178,946.59 rubles: 100 pieces / month) + 25% \u003d 2,236.83 rubles.

Tables - (RUB 188,142.59: 100 pieces / month) + 25% \u003d RUB 2,351.78

Cabinets - (205,239.59 rubles: 100 pieces / month) + 25% \u003d 2,565.49 rubles.

Shelving - (179 802.59 rubles: 100 pieces / month) + 25% \u003d 2 247.53 rubles.

13. Revenue and profit

Revenue: 2 236.83 * 100 pieces + 2 351.78 * 100 pieces + 2 565.49 * 100 pieces + 2 247.53 * 100 pieces \u003d 940 163 rubles / month.

Cost: 752,131.36 rubles / month.

Balance sheet profit: 940 163 - 752 131.36 \u003d 188 031.64 rubles / month.

Income tax (20%): 37,606.33 rubles / month.

Net profit: 940 163 - 752 131.36 - 37 606.33 \u003d 150 425.31 rubles / month.

14. Financial analysis

Expenditure part

• material costs - 752,131.36 rubles;
• capital costs - 423,950 rubles.

Total: 1 176 081.36

15. Product profitability

(Balance sheet profit: Cost) * 100% \u003d (188,031.64: 752,131.36) * 100% \u003d 25%

With the manufacture of 400 units of cabinet furniture per month, the payback period of the project will be 8 months.

In this material:

How to start a furniture business from scratch? You can also find enterprises that make furniture without equipment and some serious production facilities. But the consumer is already tired of cheap walls and tables, chipboard furniture, which falls apart in a few years. Now more requirements are imposed on the goods produced. To meet them, you will have to open a full-fledged furniture production workshop.

Market Review

Where to start furniture production? Before you open a furniture shop, tune in that small and medium-sized businesses in this direction are characterized by specialization in something specific. You should not grab onto the production of everything in a row, but you should try to make every effort to gain a foothold in some narrow niche. This is a fundamental rule in the strategy of survival in the furniture industry. You can focus on your own production of the following furniture:

• body;
• soft;
• advertising;
• for trade organizations.

Advertising furniture is used to decorate points of sale and attract as many buyers as possible to a product or service. For trade organizations, such as shops, pharmacies, shopping centers, salons, special shelves and display cases are required on which the assortment will be displayed.

Furniture manufacturing involves a large number of specializations. Efforts can be concentrated on the collection of any products with limited functionality, such as, for example, Euro pallets or computer tables, but you can make glass tables and cabinets, make furniture from some specific material - plastic, natural wood.

Manufacturing furniture as a business doesn't just mean creating goods. Services for the restoration of hull and upholstered furniture... These services are especially in demand among citizens with a low level of income, and there are a lot of them in the country. The opposite direction is the restoration and restoration of antiques. In this case, the services will be in demand in regions that are economically developed.

An unoccupied niche in this market is the production of wicker furniture. It can be mastered by a small enterprise, however, wicker chairs, sofas, wardrobes continue to be imported from abroad, leaving them in the high price segment.

An excellent specialization for small and medium businesses is built-in furniture. In this case, it is required individual approach to every client. Large enterprises cannot meet individual customer requirements.

To see if it makes sense to start a furniture business, look at the trend in related areas. If the real estate market is developing, foreign cars, the market for antiques and advertising services is developing and this dynamics can be observed in the next two or three years, you can start in this direction. On the other hand, there will always be demand for furniture: after its decline, the upward trend returns very quickly.

Organization of production

Where to start making furniture? Once you have decided on your specialization, you need to find a suitable room. The minimum required floor space is 200 m2. Its rent will cost 1300-6500 rubles per year for 1 m 2. This range of prices depends on the region.

In Moscow and St. Petersburg, you need to tune in to the cost of 1 m 2 in 5-6.5 tons. per year, and in regions, especially economically undeveloped, it is quite possible to count on the lowest prices. The average indicator is 3300 rubles per year for 1 m 2. Total rent will cost 650-660 rubles. in year. If you manage to rent a room for a long-term lease cheaper, that will be very good.

On equipment, depending on the specialization, it is necessary to spend from 350 rubles. up to 1.5 million rubles. This is without taking into account the purchase of office equipment, software, a truck that will deliver the furniture to the consumer or points of sale. You can buy both standard machines and entire production lines, which are made to order.

Pay attention to the purchase of quality components. Immediately, take into account that it is impossible to produce furniture that will be of high quality and competitive, while relying only on parts and accessories of domestic production. We will have to establish contacts with distributors of foreign companies that offer everything you need for furniture production.

Decide in advance and draw up a list of suppliers of components, conclude supply agreements:

• mDF boards;
• laminated boards;
• films on plates;
• paints and varnishes;
• fittings;
• aluminum profiles;
• sliding systems.

On initial stage it is necessary to duplicate suppliers for each item. Diversify the assortment so that it is not only the production of furniture from chipboard. During the work, some of them will be eliminated, cooperation will continue only with some of them, which have proven to be reliable and profitable in the price range.

Next, it remains to resolve the issue with the staff. The level of training of employees must be high, but it also requires high payment. You can organize your training according to your specialty, if you have experience and qualified personnel for this.

The staff of the furniture shop should include:

• master;
• assembly fitter;
• joiners;
• glazier.

The production workshop can accommodate from 10 to 50 people, depending on the volume of production.

In addition to them, you also need:

• driver;
• sales Manager;
• courier;
• storekeeper;
• designer.

The general payroll (payroll), if there are no more than 15 employees, is from 350 rubles.

These calculations are valid for the general case. Depending on the specialization and scale of the region, they can change both downward and upward. For example, for economically underdeveloped regions, the wage fund will decrease, but for Moscow and St. Petersburg it will increase several times. Let's consider specific examples on niches for the production of cabinet and upholstered furniture.

Manufacture of cabinet furniture

The technology for the production of cabinet furniture includes the following:

• preparation of a project of a conceived product in different planes;
• work on cutting materials, forming parts of the future product;
• work on drilling holes and sockets for fasteners;
• work on facing cut edges;
• final assembly of finished furniture.

This process depends on how automated it is. It is believed that the use of CNC machines reduces the percentage of manual labor, increases the automation of the process. The operator of such a machine only needs to enter dimensional data into the program, create the required product and the machine, after starting, will cut out everything that is needed in a few minutes. This manufacturing method is considered advanced and high-tech.

The disadvantage of such production is that it is considered unprofitable to constantly reconfigure the program for an individual order. Therefore, to work with individual orders the use of CNC machines will not work. The best option is the organization of furniture production on several machines, which form a semi-automatic line with combined manual labor.

For such a workshop for the manufacture of furniture, you will need to purchase the following equipment and tools:

• panel saw with manual feed of materials;
• edge banding machine, with which straight edges, concave and convex elements are faced;
• a drilling and filler machine that allows you to make holes - both blind and open;
• grinding machine;
• screwdrivers and puncher;
• cutters, drills, knives.

With all this, you can count on a simultaneous monthly release of 100 units:

• cabinets;
• tables;
• pedestals;
• shelving.

A total of 400 units of finished products. The expenditure part must include the costs:

• for materials;
• for electricity,
• for advertising;
• for depreciation.

In addition, the cost of furniture production is formed by the payroll and rent. The payroll together with taxes on wages is about 400 thousand rubles, rent - 50-55 thousand rubles. The prime cost of these 400 products will be about 500 tons.

The cost of a table or pedestal varies from 2.3-3.3 tons, and the cost of cabinets and shelves - 3.5-5 tons. The approximate income will be 1160-1660 tons. The profit will be 590-1060 tons. per month. This is the perfect calculation. To get real numbers, the final values \u200b\u200bcan be halved, even if labor efficiency is high.

Production of upholstered furniture

The demand for upholstered furniture among the population forms one sixth of the total furniture market, which makes this niche very promising and attractive for both medium and small businesses.

There is a trend towards custom-made sofas and armchairs, which makes it possible for small businesses to compete successfully with large industries that will not chase individual customers. It is convenient for small and medium-sized businesses to produce small batches of armchairs and sofas.

For small and medium-sized businesses, this niche is also attractive because it does not require the purchase of expensive equipment.

Basic operations are performed manually. Finally, such small and medium-sized businesses easily adapt to fashion trends, are ready to quickly fulfill an order, even if a new product has just appeared on the market. For this, the factory needs a quarter to transfer the equipment and technological process to the production of some specific models. A small workshop can only provide the customer with a whole line of models through the combination of upholstery, fittings and materials, thereby gaining from exclusivity.

The production of upholstered furniture requires the acquisition of the following machines:

• combined - for wood processing;
• edged multi-saw;
• turning;
• milling;
• trimming;
• grinding.

Their total cost is 150-160 tons. In addition to machines, drying equipment and pneumatic clamps, as well as hand tools, sewing machine and cutting tables. This is another 40 tons. In total, the technology for the production of upholstered furniture will require about 200 tons of equipment and tools.

In addition to equipment for the production workshop, you will need to purchase and office equipment - office equipment and furniture with a total cost of 60-90 tons. This equipment allows the production of up to 100 sofas monthly, each of which can be offered for sale at a price of 7.5 tons. The company's income will be from 750 tons.

The costs of its production of upholstered furniture are:

• FOT - 150-250 rubles;
• rent - 50 thousand rubles;
• materials - 150 tr .;
• electricity, utilities, internet, communications - 20 t. p .;
• advertising - 30-50 tons;
• unforeseen expenses - 40-60 tons.

Total total production costs are 440-580 tons. The profit of the enterprise before taxes is 170-310 tons, and after - 160-290 tons. The real value of profit will be 1.5-2 times lower. The average payback period for investments in equipment and tools in this type of activity, if the efficiency is high, is considered normal from 4 months.

Consider the production of facades. The number of enterprises that specialize in this is growing every year, but many manufacturers have these products not of high quality. Buyers are ready to spend more money on high-quality facades, therefore, if you focus on product quality, and do not seek to reduce the cost at the expense of it, then the production of facades can be a very profitable enterprise.

To open its own production, it will take 1.5 million rubles. One equipment, its purchase, delivery and installation will cost 1 million rubles. You also need to provide for the purchase of raw materials for a month of furniture production, which will cost another 250-300 tons.

One person can work on the equipment, so the payroll will be small. In a month, such a furniture production workshop produces 400-500 m 2 of MDF facades. The cost of 1 m 2 reaches 1 t. P. The income of such an enterprise is 400-500 tons. Consumable part - up to 200 tons. The initial investment will pay off in 8-12 months.

What to focus on?

How to organize your furniture business to achieve high labor efficiency? First, it is imperative that safety precautions are followed. Second, the staff must have a personal interest in high and quality production. Therefore, establish that the salary is formed from a fixed rate and a percentage for the work performed, and the marriage is deducted from the salary. This will raise the motivation of workers and improve labor efficiency.

After the work is adjusted in the shop, engage in an active search for customers. You can sell products both through retail chains in your city and in other cities.

It is very good if there is an online store for the sale of manufactured furniture. If you invest in its promotion and contextual advertising, it allows you to increase sales several times, while advertising costs will be low.

Order a business plan

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