Than washing dishes without chemicals. Eco dishwashing What is the best way to wash dishes

Dishwashing detergents are highly polluting and harmful to health. We learned how to wash dishes without harming the environment. "Advice for a novice hostess" continues ...

All kinds of gels and powders smell great, of course. And the dishes seem to be washed well. But they are made from refined products, and almost all household chemicals that are sold to us are toxic. It pollutes the environment, and besides, it is not completely washed off from plates and pans, no matter how much you rinse the dishes.

Surfactants contained in detergentsah, they get into our stomachs, and there they behave in the same way as on the surface of dishes that need to be washed - they corrode everything. Bottom line: gastritis, ulcers, allergies and many other diseases.

Eco-friendly dishwashing detergents are now available in stores, but they are not always effective and are expensive. And yet there is natural remediesthat can perfectly wash a mountain of dishes. Most of them are in any kitchen, take and use.

It perfectly absorbs all the fat. Therefore, it is the best cleaning agent for greasy dishes and pans. You can act different ways: Dip a wet sponge into a saucer of mustard, apply it to the dishes, wipe the dishes with a paste of mustard and water. Or you can pour hot water into the sink or basin, add a couple of teaspoons of mustard and wash the dishes in this solution with an ordinary sponge - everything is perfectly washed.

By the way, mustard can collect and non-washable chemical agents from the dishes. At least it will wash them off much more efficiently than just water. Therefore, some housewives first wash heavily soiled dishes with a small amount of detergent, and then wash them with mustard.

Soda

It cleans pans and trays, washes away grease, deodorizes and neutralizes the acidic taste of water. Soda can be used to clean teapots, wash plates like a paste, and rub cutlery. But baking soda can scratch special coatings such as Teflon. Therefore, it must be used selectively.

Soda can be added to a soapy solution (made from laundry soap). It will further strengthen the remedy.

In addition to baking soda, there is also a household one. It is caustic, although harmless, so it is best to wear gloves when handling baking soda. This soda is a stronger alkali than baking soda. Moreover, its abrasive properties are higher. To wash smoked pans, pour a glass of soda into a bucket, put dishes in the solution and leave overnight.

Vinegar

He alone cannot cope with fat, but it will help to disinfect dishes, destroy mold and viruses. It is for the purpose of disinfection that you can sprinkle washcloths and dishwashing sponges with vinegar, add it to cleaning pastes.

Vinegar copes well with soiling glassware, for example, you can wipe glasses with it.

Laundry soap

Especially favorite by housewives, a universal remedy. On women's forums, they even devote separate branches to him, consisting of declarations of love and listing of merits. Laundry soap can really replace a huge battery of products household chemicals... Including dishwashing detergent.

Its advantage is that it is made from organic matter, it is not a refined product, so it does not pollute the environment. No dyes, preservatives, or fragrances are added to it.

The soap rinses off the plates well, leaves no smell. It is used to make homemade dishwashing liquids or use it in its regular, solid form. In any case, laundry soap perfectly removes grease and other impurities.

Bamboo napkin

These napkins are quite expensive and difficult to buy. But on the other hand, they perfectly remove grease and dirt from plates, even without any detergents, both environmentally friendly and not so. The napkins are simple to use - you only need to wash them periodically, and they will serve for quite a long time.

Ash

A hard-to-find remedy, unless you are in the country or on a hike. You can get any amount of excellent detergent from a fire or in a stove. Ash absorbs grease and also has a slight abrasive effect, so it can be used to clean baking trays or baking dishes. But, of course, you shouldn't use it for Teflon coating.

The method of use is simple: sprinkle some ash on the surface to be washed, add a few drops of water and wash the dishes with the resulting paste.

By the way, ash can help if you have a darkened enamel kettle or saucepan. It is necessary to fill the dishes 1/3 with water, pour water and boil for an hour. Then rinse the dishes.

Paste for cleaning pots, pans and other heavily soiled dishes

¼ a bar of laundry soap (or remnants)

1 glass of hot water

1.5 tbsp soda

1.5 tbsp mustard

2 tbsp ammonia (4 ampoules)

Step 1... Grate laundry soap and pour half of the water. Put in a water bath (or microwave).

Step 2. While the soap is melting, add the remaining water to it. It is necessary to get the consistency of sour cream or gel.

Step 3. After the soap dissolves, cool it a little and add soda and mustard. Mix.

Step 4... Add to ammonia... When handling alcohol, wear gloves and open a window.

Step 5. Beat the whole mixture quickly with a mixer. The formed foam is removed.

Step 6... Pour the resulting mass into containers with a wide neck and lids. This is done very quickly to prevent the volatile ammonia from evaporating. Wait a few hours for the gel to thicken.

Mar 17, 2015 tigress ... s

Many housewives every day, and more than once, have to wash a mountain of dishes. In supermarkets, in the departments of household chemicals, there is a wide range of products to help speed up this process. It is generally accepted that they are economical, foam well, quickly dissolve grease, give porcelain, metal and ceramics a shine. This probably explains the popularity of modern detergents.

But if you are not too lazy to read what substances are included in the composition of these wonderful chemicals, then they will no longer seem so attractive to you. What's the matter? The fact is that the composition of the dishware is close to washing powder, which for some reason no one is in a hurry to wipe off the pots. In other words, no kitchen product is complete without phosphates, surfactants, fragrances, preservatives and dyes.

It is doubtful that this "bouquet" is good for the human body.

Why are dishwashing detergents harmful?

Manufacturing companies promoting their products to the market invite us to close our eyes to health and safety issues and skillfully operate on the main trump cards: efficiency and economy. Thanks to such propaganda, even children know that concentrated products are good because they last for a long time. On the contrary, liquid products run out quickly, but they cost a penny.

We would like to remind you how surfactants and phosphates affect human health:

• First, they help to weaken the immune system.
• Secondly, they adversely affect the skin and cause allergic reactions.
• Thirdly, they are one of the causes of diseases of the digestive system.
• Fourthly, the respiratory system also suffers from them.

It is impossible to reduce or neutralize this effect, since in fact, chemical agents are poorly washed off with water, even running water. To completely remove them from, for example, a fork, it must be kept under running water for at least 20 seconds. Therefore, the claim that modern means save time is devoid of any foundation. By the way, they do not contribute to saving resources either: imagine how much water you need to spend in order to wash at least one set of dishes properly! Owners of counters will have a hard time.

But even if you do not save water and rinse each plate for at least 15 seconds, particles of harmful chemical compounds still remain on it. Subsequently, they enter your body along with food and cause all of the above problems.

Scientists have calculated that a modern person, willy-nilly, drinks 500 ml of dishware during the year. People living in big cities are so used to gas pollution, smog, emissions and dirty water from the tap, that a certain amount of accidentally swallowed phosphates does not scare them.

Those who care about their health sooner or later begin to ask themselves the question: "How to wash the dishes without chemicals?"

What is safe to wash dishes

For centuries before the invention of "fast and economical" detergents, people somehow solved the problem of dirty dishes, and in some cases quite successfully. So what did they use?

Mustard powder handles fat easily. Just sprinkle some mustard on each plate, moisten it with water, and wipe with the resulting gruel. If you need to wash a large amount of dishes, then it should be placed in a basin with warm or hot water, and add 2 tbsp. tablespoons of powder. Dishes that have been in mustard water for at least 10 minutes can be washed easily. If the plates and pots are too greasy, use hotter water and don't skimp on mustard.

Keep in mind that mustard does not work well on the skin: wash the dishes with gloves.

Baking soda good for removing stubborn tea or coffee deposits on the inner walls of cups, jugs, teapots. It is used to degrease the surfaces of metal, porcelain and ceramic items and cutlery. It dissolves deposits on tile, sink, chrome taps. Soda is also used to whiten teeth, adding it to toothpaste from time to time.

Distinguish between baking soda and soda ash. Nothing can resist calcified: it is used to clean plumbing and wash clothes. But you should still wash the dishes with baking soda. An exception can be made only for pots, pans or pans that need to be thoroughly cleaned. They are rubbed with soda ash, and then rinsed very well.

In this case, one should not forget about gloves: soda ash is an aggressive alkali.

Laundry soap is a universal detergent with an antibacterial effect. They wash and wash the dishes. The “old regime” soap is hypoallergenic: it contains only natural ingredients. It is based on animal and vegetable fats that are safe for humans. Such soap not only removes dirt from the surface of dishes - it also destroys pathogens of various infections. If someone from the family suffers from a seasonal cold or other contagious disease, his dishes should be disinfected with this particular agent, which, by the way, is completely washed off with water from the tap.

There are two main methods of washing dishes with laundry soap:

1. A sponge is lathered with a piece of soap. The resulting foam is used to wash the dishes.
2. The soap is grated and poured into a special container. These “sawdust” are subsequently dissolved in dishwashing water.

Furnace ash in the recent past was one of the few detergents available to villagers. If you have a stove, then there should be no problems with washing dishes: it is enough to sprinkle ashes on wet plates and pans, and then wipe them with a rag or washcloth and rinse with water. Ash copes with bloom and fat no worse than soda and other natural remedies. It is used to clean boilers, cast iron pots, baking trays and other metal objects.

It is not recommended to use ash formed after burning plastic, polyethylene, fabric and other waste for washing dishes. Only wood ash is suitable for this purpose!

As you can see, our ancestors knew very well how to wash dishes. We can do without chemicals, since there are enough options: in any supermarket, laundry soap is sold, baking soda and mustard powder. The owners of village houses do not need to spend money at all: there is always ash in the stove.

Dishes, and they had never even heard of automatic machines. But they handled dirty cups, plates and grease in a frying pan as well as modern devices. The question arises, how to replace bright, expensive jars and is it possible to wash the dishes with laundry soap, which costs mere pennies?

Criterias of choice

Despite the advent of dishwashers on the market, not everyone has the funds to buy it. And those who are not deprived of finances are sometimes in no hurry to purchase. They justify this step by the fact that it is easier to wash one cup and plate than waiting for a whole set to accumulate.

And why waste money on expensive dishwasher products when you can quickly wash everything by hand? How, in this case, can you remove dirt and is it possible to wash the dishes with laundry soap without losing quality?

On the shelves of hardware stores, you can find a wide variety of products designed to destroy grease and dirt on kitchen utensils. The variety of prices and products is simply amazing. Sometimes advertising promises that the coveted liquid will cope with the problem in a matter of seconds, without harming your health.

The selection criteria for buying varies from person to person, but you should still adhere to the following tips:

1. The product should quickly deal with grease, but not irritate the skin on the hands.
2. Be thick and economical enough.
3. The liquid must be completely washed off, without leaving marks and streaks, and be safe.
4. Aroma, packaging appearance and cost play an important role.

It is best to choose fragrance-free dishwashing detergents if a family member has allergic reactions. In any case, before buying, you should feel free to sniff the sample. If at the same time unpleasant sensations arose, then it is better to choose another product. Of course, it is difficult to find a remedy completely without preservatives and flavors, so you should carefully study the composition on the packaging of laundry soap.

If the hostess is an adherent of folk remedies, then you can make the soap yourself.

The composition of the brown block

A reasonable question often arises as to whether the dishes can be washed with laundry soap. Definitely yes. Laundry soap made in accordance with GOST consists only of natural ingredients. Surfactants and phosphates harmful to health are not added to it.

What does laundry soap consist of? The basis is made up of fats, vegetable oils and sodium salts. Classic soap does not contain fragrances, preservatives and dyes. Therefore, you can not be afraid that the leftovers on the dishes will harm. Also, the soap solution is safely poured out, because its composition is harmless to the environment.

To use laundry soap can also be advised for allergy sufferers. Moreover, it effectively cleanses and even has a bactericidal effect.

Such different laundry soap

On standard pieces you can often see numbers, for example, laundry soap "72". They mean the percentage of fatty acids in a piece. You can find other numbers that start from 65. Laundry soap "72" is the highest in terms of fat content. Efficiency and the so-called "soapiness" depend on it. This product has a characteristic brown color.

Now there are some pretty cute white pieces on sale. Despite their aesthetic appearance, such a soap must be treated with caution. The fact is that for a spectacular appearance and dyes and flavorings are added to it for a pleasant aroma. Therefore, such a composition of such a block becomes unnatural. When choosing, you must carefully study the information on its packaging.

Another novelty is liquid laundry soap. However, such a product has nothing in common with the classic bar. If you study the composition, you can find not only dyes and fragrances, but also chemical elements. Such a detergent is suitable for washing clothes, but it is not recommended to use it as a dish detergent.

Cons of laundry soap

Despite the advantages of the brown bar and the natural composition, this soap has its drawbacks. So, if hard water flows from the tap, then when washing dishes, soda should be added to the soap solution. Otherwise, there will be little foam, which will lead to a loss of the effectiveness of the fatty acids.

Laundry soap also dries the skin a lot. Therefore, it is recommended to add glycerin to the prepared product or use special gloves. It is necessary to wash off the product carefully from hands and dishes, because sodium salts are not always safe when they enter the gastrointestinal tract.

Ways to wash dishes using laundry soap

The procedure is pretty simple, it only requires some preparation. We will tell you how to properly wash the dishes with soap:

• it is better to arrange a sink in a small basin or sink with a cork;
• soap works better in warm water;
• washing dishes in hard water will lead to streaks and reduce the effectiveness of the soap solution, so it is worth adding a little soda to the sink;
• rinse the dishes only under running water, completely rinsing off the solution;
• if you want to remove fat from the pans, it is recommended to first clean it off with a napkin.

Carbon deposits will disappear if you collect a little water, grate with laundry soap and put on low heat. After boiling, the hotplate must be turned off. While the water cools down, the carbon deposits will gradually disappear and can be easily washed off.

Liquid detergent from laundry soap

Despite its effectiveness and cheapness, many housewives are not ready to exchange convenient liquid dishwashing detergents for an uncomfortable brown bar of laundry soap. Therefore, you can prepare your own liquid, the composition of which will not contain harmful substances... The resulting gel can also be used as a detergent for washing children's dishes. You can use the following recipe:

1. Half of the block must be grated on a fine grater.
2. Next, you need to melt the soap. To do this, you can pour some hot water into a bowl and put the solution in the microwave. Some people heat soap in a water bath.
3. After that, add another half liter of hot water, and then leave the solution to cool.
4. To protect your hands, add four tablespoons of glycerin to the soap. It is easy to find in any pharmacy. To prevent deterioration of the product, you must add one tablespoon of vodka to it. The solution should be shaken well.
5. For convenience, it is better to pour the prepared home remedy into a container with a dispenser. Any bottle of store-bought liquid, thoroughly washed and dried, is suitable for this.
6. It is necessary to pour the prepared product while it is still hot. Then the liquid will become viscous, resembling a gel.

Healthy Supplements

For greater efficiency some housewives use little tricks. So, if you need to get a detergent for washing children's dishes, you can add mustard to the solution. It helps to better deal with fat and has an antibacterial effect without harming the health of the child.

Experienced housewives advise adding coffee grounds to the soap to remove adhering food pieces and carbon deposits. It should be noted that such a solution has the properties of a liquid with abrasive substances and is not suitable for cleaning Teflon.

You can add a few drops of essential oil to the soap for a pleasant scent.

Paste for better cleansing

Laundry soap has been tested by housewives and time. It can replace a wide variety of tools. His undeniable advantage in the composition. Laundry soap consists only of organic components and is not a refined product. Therefore, it is safe for humans and the environment.

Laundry soap can be used to make both a liquid solution and a thick paste. It helps to get rid of grease and rinses well off plates and cups. Laundry soap dishwashing paste is prepared according to the following recipe:

1. A bar of laundry soap should be grated.
2. Stir constantly, pour in a glass of hot water.
3. Then you need to add 100 g of soda, 10 g of glycerin, 50 g of mustard and a little lemon zest to the product.
4. The resulting paste must be thoroughly whipped and transferred to a convenient container. At first, the product will look like a gel, but after cooling it will turn into a paste. Some people compare it with the famous "Palmyra", which our grandmothers loved so much.

When preparing detergent from laundry soap, you should not strive to maintain the exact proportions. By experimenting, you can achieve the desired consistency and get the optimal result. Well proven as a fragrance essential oils... They are not only harmless, but they also have different properties that help in the fight against pollution.

Grafova Polina

Research paper on the best way to wash dishes for housewives.

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Municipal government educational institution average educational school № 5

Regional competition for young environmental researchers and school environmental monitoring.

Nomination: Human Ecology.

What is the best way to wash dishes?

4G class

Head: Berdinskikh

Elena Leonidovna,

primary school teacher

MKOU SOSH No. 5

st. Gogol, 97

4 – 15 - 87

G. Slobodskoy 2014

Introduction 2

Chapter 1. Literature review. 3 - 5

Chapter 2. Materials and research methods. 6

Chapter 3. Research results and their discussion 7 - 8

3.1. Questioning.

3.2.2. Experience “Using a product that washes away fat in

Cold water ".

3.2.5 Experience "Laundry soap is washed off the plates."

List of references. eleven

Application. 12 - 15

Introduction.

My grandmother ran out of dishwashing liquid. I went to the store with her. There was a huge selection of dishwashing detergents. Which one to choose?

This is how the topic appeared my research -"What's the best way to wash the dishes?"

I put forward a hypothesis : the best dishwashing detergent is one that combines several qualities: it foams well, washes away grease from plates, does not dry the skin of the hands, washes off the plate itself, inexpensive.

goal my research: explorewhich dishwashing detergent is better... To achieve this goal,tasks :

1. Examine the literature on the research topic.
2. Choose research methods.
3. Conduct experiments
4. To conclude.
5. Give recommendations on the use of detergents.

My research went as followsplan:

1. Interviewing adults.

2. Shopping

3 Experimental

4 Analysis of the collected material

5 Compiling a memo

Chapter 1. Review of literature and information sources.

There was little literature on the topic of my research.

I read articles on the Internet from the AiF newspaper and an article by Y. Danchenko in the Novoye Delo newspaper No. 12 that modern detergents are harmful to human health, articles on the vsezdorovo website that talk about the use of laundry soap in everyday life.

I also used the materials of the book "Genealogy of things" (article by K. A. Driller "Soap") and the children's encyclopedia "I know the world".

An article by Zh. Pyatirikova "Patience and work - they will grind everything" and articles from the Izvestia newspaper helped me find out what people used to wash dishes in the past.

Once again I reread some of the works of K. Chukovsky.

How have people washed dishes in the past?

The Indians in the stories of Seton-Thomson gave the dogs to lick the pans.

In ancient Korea, in the imperial kitchen, wood ash was dissolved in clay vats and heated to 45 degrees, then the dishes were washed in it, rinsed in three boiled waters, adding a solution of lemongrass, a coniferous solution. At the end, they just rinsed in boiled water. Time consuming, but retained the exceptional taste of the products. [6]

The oldest villagers remember the times when the dishes were scrubbed with brick chips. Even earlier, the dishes were washed with an ash solution. The soda was good at wiping away tea and other stains on cups and plates, and soot on pots. One more folk remedy - nettle, which was instead of a washcloth. After that, it remained to pour boiling water over the dishes, and it shone like new. People who lived near water bodies used seaweed for washing dishes. Fat was easily removed from the dishes with hemp leaves, a solution of mustard powder, and hot potato broth. The pots were boiled well with the addition of paper glue and soda ash. The pots become like new again, only after boiling they must be rinsed well. [5] Remembering Chukovsky's "Fedorino grief", we learn that it is good to wash dishes with the help of river sand.

"Oh you, my poor orphans,

The irons and pans are mine!

You go home unwashed

I will wash you with water.

I will brush you with sand

I will pour boiling water over you ... "[8]

Many grandmothers washed and are now washing dishes using laundry soap. It kills germs well.

Where did the soap come from?

The history of the appearance of soap.

Historians claim that the predecessor of modern soap was familiar to the ancient Babylonians. Clay tablets found in Mesopotamia, dating back to 2200 BC. contain detailed description technological process making soap. Ancient Rome, Egypt knew effective recipes detergents. The word soap comes from the Latin "sapo", the name of Mount Sapo in ancient Rome, where the ritual of sacrifice to the gods took place. The animal fat that accumulated after the burning of the victim was mixed with the ash of the fire and washed into the Tiber River. Housewives, washing clothes in this water, noticed that the washing process was much easier, things became clean much faster. However, the bar of soap received its modern composition only in 1808, thanks to the French chemist Michel Eugene Chevreul. It was he who developed the soap formula at the request of the owners of the textile factory. It turned out that the soap is nothing more than the sodium salt of a carboxylic acid. Laundry soap is one of the types of detergents. It is obtained by cooling the soap glue. Animal and vegetable fats are used as raw materials for making soap, which is important for its use: such a product does not cause allergies, being environmentally friendly. , [2].

Modern housewives most often use dishwashing detergents. it is believed that they wash away fat from dishes better, do not dry the skin of the hands, and are more convenient to use. Is it so?

Many women buy supplements to take care of their hands.

Unfortunately, scientists have found that the balm is easily washed off with water, without being left on the hands, and even more so, without being absorbed into the skin. Glycerin, on the other hand, instantly dissolves in water, without even getting on your hands. [3]

Takeaway: "Emollients" supplements do not benefit the skin of the hands. In any case, you should wash the dishes with gloves, as all detergents dry out the skin.

How the product itself is washed off the plates.

Experts say that the substances contained in dishwashing detergents are very harmful. detergents are listed as household chemicals. Dish detergents have approximately the same rinse capacity. And you cannot check it at home. In addition, laboratory studies show that it will not be possible to completely wash off surfactants from plates - microscopic doses will still remain.

Once in the human body, they are destroyed, which leads to various diseases: gastritis, ulcers, allergies and others. How do these substances get into our body? When rinsing the foam from the detergent, we do not rinse out all the detergent completely. Despite the fact that we washed off the foam itself completely. And the remnants of this remedy already with the next meal enters our stomach. To completely rinse the detergent off the plates, scientists advise rinsing the dishes 70 times. Since this is very difficult to do, for simplicity you need to at least wipe the dishes with a towel. [3], [4].

Conclusion: all detergents are very difficult to wash off with water.

What happens. Do we harm our body by using detergents?

Chapter 2. Materials and research methods.

Detergents: soda, laundry soap, Cinderella (19 rubles 70 kopecks), "AOS" means (49 rubles 20 kopecks).

Research methods: experience, questionnaires, photographs (for photographing, a CANON camera was used), work with literary sources.

Equipment: petri dishes, reagents, phenolphthalein.

Chapter 3 Survey results and their discussion.

3.1 Questionnaire.

Employees of school No. 5 in Slobodskoy took part in the survey. 9 people answered the question "How do you choose a dishwashing detergent?"

Answers:

1. Cheap and removes grease well. (1 person).
2. Foams well and does not irritate the skin (2 persons).
3. Cheap (3 people).
4. Rinses off quickly and does not irritate hands (1 person).
5. Washes away fat from plates (2 persons).

(Appendix 1).

3.2 Experiments to determine the best detergent.

3.2.1. Experience " The best remedy what is cheaper. "

goal ... Find out which detergent is more economical.

Location: school canteen.

Main part.

First, a 1/3 can of cheap detergent was poured into the dishwashing tank. After washing the dishes, the kitchen worker told me that all the dishes were washed well.

The next day, at the same break, I poured a more expensive product into the tank, but 1/6 of the can. The kitchen worker said this product is better because it could be used on more plates.

Conclusion.

It turns out that a more expensive product is more economical, it will be enough for more dishes. So the one who buys cheap remedy even loses money.

3.2.2. Experience “Using a product that washes away fat in cold water».

Goal. Find out which detergent washes away grease better in cold water.

Main part .

Poured a spoonful of sunflower oil into plates. The first plate was washed with Cinderella, the second with AOS. Both dishes were rinsed in cold water.

It turns out that the main component of all detergents is a complex of "surfactants" (surfactants). These substances interact with the grease on the surface of the cookware. They form compounds with fat particles that are easily washed off with water, leaving no residue on the surface.

Conclusion: any detergent washes away fat easily in cold water.

3.2.3. Experience "It is better to wash the dishes with a product that foams."

Goal. Discover, which product foams better.

Main part.

She poured 100 grams of water into two identical saucers. On two identical sponges, the product was applied drop by drop. The foam from AOS was 3 times more.

(Appendix 2).

But scientists believe that it is not necessary to evaluate the foaming ability of detergents, since the surfactant perfectly removes everything without the formation of abundant foam - this property is used in powders for washing machines.

Conclusion: foam does not affect the quality of dishwashing.

3.2.4. Experience "How Laundry Soap Washes Fat from Plates."

Goal. Find out if the laundry soap washes the grease off the plate.

Main part

Dropped on a plate vegetable oil... The sponge was dipped in water and lathered with laundry soap. I washed the plate with a sponge in cold water. There is no fat left on the plate.

Conclusion: Laundry soap washes away fat from plates.

3.2.5. Experience "Laundry soap is washed off the plates."

Goal. Check if the laundry soap rinses off the plates.

Main part.

Phenolphthalein was dropped on a plate with foam from laundry soap (phenolphthalein changes color depending on the pH level of the medium. itacid-base indicator, changing color from colorless to red-violet, "raspberry" (in alkaline), the foam turned pink. This dish was rinsed in cold running water. Phenolphthalein dripped again, the color did not change. (Appendix 3).

Conclusion: laundry soap is completely washed off with water.

Laundry soap costs 16 rubles, it's cheap. Washes away fat from plates, rinses off the plate itself quickly. Disadvantage: dries up the skin of the hands.

conclusions

1. Experiments carried out

It is best to wash the dishes with laundry soap. It is economical, safe, high quality. The dishes, washed with a bar of soap, shine with cleanliness, no streaks or films. And, if someone is used to using liquid detergents, then he will be interested in the recipe that I found on the Internet.

To make the liquid you need: 25 grams of laundry soap, 0.5 liters of hot water, 4 tablespoons of glycerin, 1 tablespoon of vodka.

Method of preparation: grate soap, pour soap shavings with a small amount of hot water and set to melt in a water bath (or microwave). While stirring, gradually pour out all the water. After the soap has completely dissolved, let it cool a little and add glycerin and vodka, mix everything thoroughly. We collect the foam that appears as a result of mixing from the surface.

The result is a liquid mass without unnecessary chemical additives. It is very convenient to wash dishes with it. But it takes time to make a liquid. [7]

Or you can put small pieces (remnants) of laundry soap in a bottle and fill it with hot water. After a few hours, the thick dishwashing liquid is ready (as my grandmother does).

I also decided to compile a memo for everyone who washes the dishes. (Appendix 4).

Literature

1. Burovik K.A. Soap: only facts // Pedigree of things - M .: Knowledge -1991
2. Burovik K.A. Orlova N.G. Wash with clay in the morning! // I get to know the world.

Children's encyclopedia - M .: Astrel - 2002.

1. Danchenko Yu. "Novoe Delo" No. 12 //www.polinadurandina.icnn.ru
2. Based on the materials of the newspaper "AiF" // www.alhimik.ru
3. Based on materials from the Izvestia newspaper // www.alhimik.ru
4. Pyatirikova J. Patience and work will grind everything // www. womenclub.ru
5. Website in INTERNET // www.vsezdorovo.com
6. Chukovsky K. Fedorino grief // Collected works in two volumes - M .; True - 1990

Appendix 1

Reasons for using detergents

Appendix 2

The amount of foam when using different detergents.

Appendix 3

The action of phenolphthalein.

Appendix 4

Memo

So that in the pursuit of cleanliness of dishes you do not have to pay with your health and the health of your loved ones, adhere to several rules:

1 Wash the dishes only with gloves

2 Use laundry soap and baking soda when washing dishes.

If you are using detergent:

1) first drip the product onto a sponge or water, but not onto the dishes themselves (this is easier to wash off).

2) rinse each plate under running water as long as possible.

3) wipe the dishes with a towel (this way you can remove up to 90% of surfactants).

4) keep bottles of detergent sealed to prevent toxic fumes. It is enough that you breathe them while washing dishes.

Annotation.

Research paper "What is the best way to wash dishes?"

Purpose of the study: To study which dishwashing detergent is better. It can be used in the lessons of the world around the 3rd grade in the sections "We and our health", "Our safety", on class hour on the aunt "Friends of Moidodyr" (grades 3-4), at a parent meeting on the topic "Our health".

Abstracts for research work "The better to wash the dishes."

Grafova Polina , Grade 4, MKOU " high school No. 5 "of the city of Slobodskoy.

Leader - Elena Leonidovna Berdinskikh, primary school teacher.

My grandmother ran out of dishwashing liquid. I went to the store with her. There was a huge selection of dishwashing detergents. Which one to choose? Appearedproblem: what is more important when choosing a detergentfacilities

So the topic of my research - "What is the best way to wash dishes?"

I put forward a hypothesis:

goal my research: to explore which dishwashing detergent is better.

Tasks:

1. Study the literature on the research topic.

2. Choose research methods.

3. Conduct experimentsto clarify the similarities and differences using the example of some dishwashing detergents.

4. Draw conclusions.

Materials and research methods

The object of research is various means for washing dishes. itdetergents: soda, laundry soap, "Cinderella" (19 rubles 70 kopecks), "AOS" means (49 rubles 20 kopecks).

Research methods:

Experiments;

Questioning;

Photo fixation (a CANON camera was used for photography);

Working with literary sources.

Research results.

I began my research with a questionnaire. I asked the employees of school number 5: "How do you choose a dishwashing detergent?" The answers were different.

I studied literature and information sources on this topic and found out:

1. "Softening" additives do not bringbenefits to the skin of the hands. Unfortunately, scientists have found that the balm is easily washed off with water, without being left on the hands, and even more so, without being absorbed into the skin. Glycerin, on the other hand, instantly dissolves in water, without even getting on your hands. In any case, you should wash the dishes with gloves, as all detergents dry out the skin.
2. All detergents are very difficult to wash off with water. Experts say that the substances contained in dishwashing detergents are very harmful. detergents are listed as household chemicals. Once in the human body, they are destroyed, which leads to various diseases. How do these substances get into our body? We do not rinse all the detergent completely. To completely rinse the detergent off the plates, scientists advise rinsing the dishes 70 times. Since this is very difficult to do, for simplicity you need to at least wipe the dishes with a towel.

5 experiments were carried out. Thanks to them, I made the following conclusions:

1. The more expensive detergent is more economical, it will be enough for more dishes. This means that the one who buys a cheap product even loses money.
2. Any detergent can easily wash off grease in cold water.
3. Foam does not affect dishwashing performance.
4. Laundry soap removes grease from plates
5. Laundry soap is completely washed off with water.

Conclusions.

1. Studied 8 literary sources on the research topic.
2. Research methods were selected.
3. Experiments carried out to find out the similarities and differences using the example of some dishwashing detergents.
4. Conclusions are drawn from the results of each experiment.
5. A memo has been drawn up with recommendations for the use of dishwashing detergents.

An impressive amount of modern man's time is spent on washing dishes. On the shelves in stores there are an abundance of bottles of liquid products that make this work easier. To great joy, housewives are now concerned not only with the smell and price category of such products, but also with the impact on health: human and our planet.

Why are dishwashing detergents dangerous?

The main component of household chemicals for washing dishes is a variety of surfactants, which determine their detergent properties. Surfactants are divided into:

• cationic (KSAV)
• anionic (ASA)
• amphoteric (amphoteric)
• nonionic (nonionic surfactants)

These chemical compounds are extremely difficult to wash off the surface of the dishes: one plate must be rinsed at least 15 times, completely immersed in clean water. Can you imagine how much water you need? (And after all, even in nature studies at school, we were told how important it is to conserve water resources!) Even if the plate squeaks after rinsing, this does not mean that the substances are removed from the surface.

Dissolved surfactants are in the water droplets on the dishes. After drying, these substances still remain, forming a film on the surface. When we put food in this dish, the surfactants join the food and are safely eaten by us. There is an assertion that a person consumes half a liter of dishwashing liquid per year!

What consequences? Unpredictable. Surfactants in dishwashing detergents are synthetic. When ingested, they cause gradual poisoning. It all starts with allergic reactions, and may end with the development of tumors in the gastrointestinal tract - the fact is that the breakdown products of many surfactants are carcinogenic.

Not only is the protective barrier destroyed when surfactants come into contact with the skin, the compounds are absorbed into the bloodstream and spread throughout the body.

Damage to the body is caused not only by surfactants of detergents, but also by chemical flavors and preservatives. When washing dishes, a person actively inhales fragrances, which, according to scientists, leads to many diseases of the respiratory system, including asthma.

Wastewater domestic water with surfactants dissolved in them, they cause enormous damage to the environment. Detergents with surfactants with a long decay period are more harmful. While the compounds decompose, they contribute to waterlogging of water bodies, oxygen starvation of their inhabitants, and subsequently to the death of the latter. Therefore, the shorter the surfactant disintegration period, the safer the product for the environment. The trouble is, manufacturers do not write the name of the surfactant in the composition.

The most aggressive are anionic surfactants, although some of them have good biodegradability (up to 90%). Non-ionic ones completely decompose, that is, they turn into carbon dioxide and water, therefore they bring less harm to the environment.

How to protect yourself from the harmful effects of dish detergents

Of course, the less chemistry comes into contact with the human body, the better for its health. Nobody is urging readers to stop using detergents altogether, but some tips can help reduce the harmful effects.

When washing dishes, it would be great to show concern for the environment. To do this, choose safe means.

Also, let's notice how much water we waste when cleaning our kitchen? Using a special bowl for washing and rinsing dishes will not only save you money on water bills. This is one of the ways to take care of what is given to us.