Narcissus is a poisonous flower. Five Common Questions About Common Narcissists () Kim Saeed. After a relationship with Narcissus
Some plants have been endowed by nature with a defense mechanism: when trying to pluck them, toxic substances are released. First of all, children and pets must be protected from these plants. We will tell you which flowers are poisonous to humans and animals.
Let's make a reservation right away: poisonous plants are not as scary as they might seem. The presence of toxic properties in them does not mean that such green pets should not be raised on summer cottage... You should be careful with them when transplanting, pruning and other procedures (you need to work with gloves), since most often the sap of the plant has poisonous properties, and, as a rule, a large amount of it. And if you just watch the wonderful bloom from the side, you will not suffer from these poisonous flowers.
The shoots of this flower contain a small amount of cyanide, which can be dangerous in large doses. If juice from several leaves of a plant gets into the stomach of an animal or person, it can cause vomiting, diarrhea, shortness of breath, heart problems and drowsiness.
The anemonin in clematis juice causes irritation upon contact with the skin, and if it enters the oral cavity, it causes heartburn, abdominal pain and internal bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract.
This unusual flower lives in the arid regions of North Africa, South and West Asia. The most popular type - tall calotropis - is also called the Sodom apple. The stems and leaves of this evergreen plant contain a poisonous, very bitter milky sap, which quickly solidifies in air, becomes dense and sticky. If you do not wash your dirty hands right away, then it will be difficult to remove this poisonous mass even with soap.
Milky juice eats away at the mucous membrane. In addition, calotropin, calotoxin, calastin, ushkaridine and other alkaloids negatively affect the work of the heart. As a result, a vital organ can stop.
Like calotropis, oleander is a representative of the Kutrov family. This poisonous Mediterranean shrub is very beautiful during flowering. Oleander juice contains a number of cardiac glycosides (the most dangerous of which is oleandrin). Juice from any part of the plant, when ingested, causes severe colic, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, dehydration and leads to serious problems in the activity of the heart and central nervous system.
5. Rhododendrons
Of the many members of the rhododendron genus, azaleas are most often grown in our gardens. All parts of this plant contain a dangerous neurotoxin - andromedotoxin. It disrupts the work of cellular receptors: first, it excites the central nervous systemand then depresses her. When ingested, plant sap causes nausea, abdominal pain and difficulty breathing when swallowing.
6. Narcissus
In the well-known daffodils, only the bulbs are poisonous. Their juice can cause vomiting, diarrhea, and heart rhythm disturbances. When growing these flowers on the site, keep dogs that like to dig the ground away from them.
This member of the Verbena family adorns the garden with spectacular white-purple and orange-yellow inflorescences. After the end of flowering, berries appear on the plant, which are poisonous in an immature (green) form. The pentacyclic triterpenoids they contain can cause hepatoxicity and even cause liver failure. However, the concentration of the poison is quite low, so lanthanum does not pose a serious danger to humans. But herbivores that graze near numerous lantana bushes often suffer from this toxin.
Perhaps this is the most famous poison flower... Many people know about its toxic properties, but for the sake of beautiful tall inflorescences with bell-shaped flowers, people still continue to grow digitalis in their summer cottages. All parts of the plant (especially the leaves) are poisonous and can cause headaches, stomach pains, loss of consciousness and heart failure.
9. Lily of the valley
The delicate and seemingly harmless May flower can cause bradycardia, vomiting, abdominal pain, blurred consciousness, and blurred vision. It contains a cardiac glycoside, but its amount is small in the shoots of the plant. The bright berries of lily of the valley are much more dangerous. Don't let kids rip them off!
This spectacular curly liana perfectly decorates gazebos, pergolas and hides unsightly buildings from the eyes. The plant itself is safe for living beings, but the seeds of morning glory contain the alkaloid ergine, which, like LSD, can cause hallucinations. Therefore, be careful when sowing and remember to wash your hands thoroughly after touching the seeds.
The exotic liana wisteria will become the highlight of your garden. But do not forget that the shoots of this sturdy plant can destroy the trees growing nearby if they begin to curl around them. Choose blank walls, rocks and other solid objects as a support for the vine.
Although the whole plant is considered poisonous, its seeds are the most dangerous: they accumulate a lot of toxins and, if they enter the stomach of a person or animal, they can cause vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and depression of the central nervous system.
12. Periwinkle
Periwinkle is often used in Ayurvedic and Chinese medicine to treat hypertension. But the extracts of this plant are useful only in small doses. Periwinkle contains more than 20 alkaloids (vinine, minorine, ervamine, vincamine, etc.), which can inhibit cardiac activity and cause dizziness.
13. Calla, or calla
The plant contains pungent compounds (like saponin) and volatile substances such as aronin with irritating properties. Calla lilies berries and rhizomes are especially poisonous, but during cooking and drying, toxins partially evaporate, therefore these parts of calla are widely used for medicinal purposes.
When poisoned with this plant, vomiting occurs, the heart rate slows down, and convulsions may begin. Contact with calla leaf juice on the mucous membrane is fraught with inflammation and even burns of the mouth, tongue and throat.
Is not full list poisonous plantsthat are found in our gardens. There are a lot of beautiful, but very dangerous flowers. To protect yourself, your children and pets, never taste the plants and wash your hands thoroughly after each visit to the garden. Teach your child about hygiene and fence off the flower garden to prevent your curious pet from reaching toxic flowers.
Nature pleases us with a variety of plant species and their beauty. But not every plant is harmless to others. There are many plants with beautiful leaves, spectacular flowers and bright seeds, which are dangerous to our health, because they are poisonous to humans and domestic animals.
Such plants contain special substances that, when exposed to a certain dose and duration in time, cause various disorders of the human body, up to a lethal outcome. And if you take children or pets to the dacha, then it is better to refuse to grow these plants. Everyone should be able to distinguish poisonous plants from others and be able to provide first aid in case of damage to the skin and mucous membranes and poisoning.
On the territory of Russia, about 400 poisonous plants!
Some of them are familiar to all. It seems incredible, but widespread and often grown on garden plots Plants such as aconite, narcissus, lily of the valley, dicentra, hellebore, hyacinth, poultry, catchment, kupena, milkweed, delphinium and some others, contain toxic substances in almost all parts: in bulbs, rhizomes, seeds, flowers, leaves and berries.
All poisonous plants, depending on the presence and concentration of poison, are classified as weakly poisonous, poisonous and deadly poisonous. Weakly poisonous plants contain weakly toxic substances or small amounts of toxic substances that cause a short-term disorder of the body. Poisonous plants cause an allergic reaction when the plant sap comes into contact with the skin or mucous membranes, and when ingested, it causes severe poisoning. Lethally poisonous plants, when ingested, even a small amount of them, cause severe poisoning, which can be fatal. They paid attention to the fact that the words poison and grass are cognate. Sometimes they say so - poisoned by grass.
Aquilegia (catchment) - perennial from the buttercup family. Aquilegia is often found in flower beds, as it is very decorative. Its flowers are blue, purple, red, pink, white and adorn any flower bed, but they are very toxic. Signs of catchment poisoning are general weakness, tingling of the tongue, dizziness and nausea, dilated pupils, cramps in the limbs, darkening in the eyes and impaired color perception, arrhythmia and pain in the heart. Cessation of breathing leads to death.
Aconite (wrestler)- deadly poisonous, from roots to pollen. Even his smell is dangerous for a person. The plant contains (first of all, aconitine), which affect the central nervous system and cause convulsions and paralysis of the respiratory center. Poisoning with aconite after a few minutes makes itself felt: tingling and burning sensation in the mouth begins, profuse drooling and pain in the abdomen begin, vomiting, diarrhea, numbness of the tongue, throat, face.
There is pain and burning in the chest, vision is impaired. In case of severe poisoning, there is a sharp motor and mental agitation, a complete loss of orientation. As the poison spreads, the body temperature gradually drops, and the pulse weakens, which creates a danger of cardiac arrest. In case of severe poisoning, death can occur after several hours. But it should be noted that the toxicity of aconite strongly depends on the geographical location - in the southern latitudes it is most poisonous, and in Norway, for example, animals are fed with it. And one more remark in defense of aconite - in culture, cultivated on fertile garden soil, aconite loses its poisonous properties through several generations, but only partially.
Colchicum –
bulbous plant with white and pinkish-lilac flowers that bloom in the fall, not as harmless as it seems.
Colchicum bulbs contain a very poisonous substance - colchicine.Even the water in which the crocus stood is poisonous. Colchicine is especially high in spring. Colchicine is mainly secreted by corms, which causes burns on the hands.
But the aerial parts of the plant also contain various poisons. Poisoning can be severe: after a few hours, dizziness and nausea begin, there is a burning sensation in the throat, in the future it can turn into colic and paralysis.
Brugmansiya (angelic trumpets), datura (dope). Plants contain a high concentration of scopolamine, which, when ingested, causes dry mouth, migraines, increased heart rate, visual and auditory hallucinations, and even death. It should be remembered that it is not recommended to stay near these wonderful flowers for a long time, because you can even get poisoned by their smell, hallucinations, drowsiness, headache and nausea appear.
Vatochnikcan cause skin irritation with its milky juice, especially when applied simultaneously sun rays to the affected area.
Bulbs hyacinths contain oxalic acid and are poisonous when ingested. They can also cause contact dermatitis in people with sensitive skin.
Delphinium contains a toxic substance - an alkaloid, similar to curare poison. At the beginning of the growing season, most of the alkaloids are found in the roots, and during the fruiting period, in the leaves.
Its unripe fruits are also poisonous.
In case of poisoning, the effect on the brain occurs, as a result of which the blood pressure decreases, and with toxic doses, death also occurs from respiratory paralysis, accompanied by heart damage.
Dicenter(broken heart)... All parts of the plant are poisonous, if ingested, they can cause severe poisoning.
Direct contact with the plant may cause skin irritation.
Irises also belong to poisonous plants.
Their rhizomes contain biologically active substances, when ingested in large quantities, they cause severe irritation of the gastrointestinal tract.
Clematis is a very popular and widespread perennial vine. When fresh leaves and flowers of clematis are rubbed, acrid, pungent substances are released, which cause coughing, sneezing, watery eyes, redness and inflammation of the skin.
If swallowed, it may cause internal bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract.
Castor oil plant - a perennial plant, we grow it as an annual. During the season it grows up to 3 meters. At the ends of the branches, racemose inflorescences are located, consisting of two types of flowers: yellow staminate flowers and round pistillate green, bluish or bright scarlet colors, depending on the variety. But not so much the inflorescences are attractive, as the huge leaves, dissected into 7-9 lanceolate lobes with large teeth at the edges. The color of stems and leaves, in addition to green, is purple or even bluish-red.
Castor bean seeds by appearance resemble insects and can arouse interest in their shape, but do not forget that they contain the most dangerous poison ricin, which easily penetrates the cells of the body, blocks the synthesis of proteins, as a result of which the cells die.
First of all, cells of the liver, lungs, kidneys are affected, the intestinal walls are destroyed. There is no antidote to ricin. Sometimes just one or two seeds can kill even an adult. Survivors after poisoning have to be treated for a long time, and the consequences of poisoning can last a lifetime. The first symptoms appear within a few hours and are very similar to infection: nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea lasting for several days. Reduces blood pressure.
Swimsuit contains poisonous glycosides and alkaloids, plant rhizomes are especially rich in them.
When any part of the plant is eaten, the toxins cause serious damage to the digestive system.
Skin irritation up to dermatitis is also possible.
Kupena everything is poisonous - from roots to berries.
When ingested, it causes severe irritation of the gastrointestinal tract, the most dangerous are round dark blue or black berries ripening after flowering.
May lily of the valley fromit contains a high concentration of cardiac glycoside, which causes cardiac arrhythmias, up to a stop.
All parts of the plant are poisonous, especially its red berries, and therefore care must be taken when growing and propagating it.
The poison is even contained in the water in which the lilies of the valley are. When ingested, even in small quantities, the poison lowers the pulse, leads to vomiting, pain in the abdomen.
Lakonosamerican: all parts of the plant, especially the roots and seeds, are poisonous. Very often there are cases of poisoning with berries. A few berries that are swallowed can cause fatal poisoning, especially in children.
In case of mild poisoning, increased salivation occurs, a burning sensation in the mouth, cramps in the gastrointestinal tract, an acute attack of gastroenteritis may occur.
In more severe poisoning, changes in heart rate, seizures and death from respiratory failure are possible. Pineapple sap can penetrate the skin, so any contact with the plant should be avoided.
Lupineis a distant relative of aconite and delphinium, but less dangerous.
However, it also contains dangerous alkaloids, similar in action to the alkaloids of delphiniums and aconites.
In many plants of the family poppy contains alkaloids hazardous to health. One of the most striking examples is the annual hypnotic poppy, from which morphine is obtained. Previously, this garden plant was widely grown all over the world, as its dry seeds are used in cooking, but now its cultivation in Russia, many European countries and the United States is prohibited by law. But the cultivation of perennial poppy oriental, more popular in our gardens, is not prohibited by law, although the plant contains chemically similar alkaloids, but they have a different effect.
Milkweed They are widely used in the design of flower beds, but it must be remembered that milkweed juice, which quickly thickens in air, is very poorly washed off with plain water and can cause severe irritation of the skin and mucous membranes.
In children, the reaction to irritation is much stronger.
If milky juice gets into your eyes, you must immediately consult a doctor, as serious damage to the eyes, up to complete blindness, is possible.
Digitalisconsidered a very dangerous garden plant. It is not recommended to plant it in places where small children are.
The fact is that foxglove looks very attractive, but its leaves and fruits are deadly poisonous.
In small doses, the glycosides contained in foxglove stimulate the work of the weakened heart muscle, but in case of an overdose, they lead to arrhythmias and a decrease in the heart rate. Foxglove poisoning is accompanied by severe headache, vomiting, diarrhea and pain in the epigastric region.
You can get a heart attack by eating just a couple of leaves. The nervous system is affected, as evidenced by excitement, visual disturbances, convulsions, up to loss of consciousness.
Fortunately, foxglove toxins have a strong vomiting effect and the stomach empties itself of dangerous contents. But you should not hope for such a protective reaction of the body. We must remember that it is not for nothing that foxgloves are called "bells of the dead" ...
Daffodils very popular spring flowers, but, unfortunately, they are also poisonous, although the effect on humans is somewhat different.
The plant (most of all in the bulb) contains the alkaloid lycorin, which stimulates the vomiting center in the brain.
Vomiting and stomach pains can last from several hours to several days, and then the toxins are removed from the body.
Fortunately, it will not come to a lethal outcome, but unpleasant sensations due to the disorder of the body are guaranteed! A large bouquet of daffodils should not be placed in the relaxation area and in the bedroom, as the smell can cause a headache.
Lumbago (dream-grass) belongs to one of the dangerous garden perennials.
Its juice causes the appearance of blisters on the skin and even abscesses, and if ingested - inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, heart and respiratory paralysis.
In the aerial parts of the lumbago, a substance was found, the decay product of which turns into a substance that acts as a heart poison, and dangerous saponins are contained in the roots of the lumbago.
Among small-bulbous, flowering in early spring, poisonous umbrella poultry, snowdrop and scrub.The bulbs of these plants, when taken internally in large doses (one is enough for a child), cause vomiting, diarrhea, hair loss, possibly kidney damage and blood clotting disorders ..
Rhubarb also from edible plant can turn into poisonous, as it accumulates oxalic acid compounds in its leaves that damage human kidneys, and contributes to the deposition of salts and the formation of stones.
The danger is that the poisoning does not appear immediately, the poisons accumulate in the human body for many years, and then they can cause serious damage to the kidneys. To avoid such a fate is simple: in the first half of summer, eat only rhubarb stalks and do not use leaf blades for cooking.
Ruta and Ash emit a lot of essential oils, especially on a hot sunny day. These essential oils, when in contact with the skin, make it highly susceptible to sunlight.
Even without touching the plants, but simply being next to them, on a hot, sunny day, you can get serious burns, and if you rub the plant in your hands, the consequences will be even worse.
In places where the plant contacts the skin, pigmentation spots may remain. Ruta is used as a herb, but no more than three leaves a day for an adult. People with a weak heart and children are absolutely not allowed to eat rue.
Sometimes in conversations about poisonous plants it sounds like this: "and I tried and nothing, there were no consequences." It should always be remembered that the toxicity of plants depends on the time of year, geographic location, weather, soil, fertilizers, susceptibility different people to the poison. Poisonous plants pose the greatest danger in dry and hot summers. It is important and must be remembered especially when traveling that plant toxicity increases in the direction from north to south. The further south, the more hazardous to health the plants can be.
In conclusion, I would like to say that the risk of poisoning with poisonous plants according to statistics is relatively low, but timely explanations and warnings, especially for children, will help to avoid trouble. Make it clear to your child that you cannot taste any plants, including berries and seeds, no matter how delicious they may seem, without permission. Teach your child that before eating anything plucked in the garden and in the beds, even an apple, a cucumber or a familiar carrot, you should always ask adults for permission. Explain that not all seeds and berries that animals or birds eat are edible to humans. But, nevertheless, it will be safer to temporarily refuse to plant poisonous plants in your garden, or grow them in areas where access will be limited. This will be the best way out for the safe stay of children and pets in the country.
When caring for your any plants, especially poisonous ones, do not neglect safety measures, do not forget to protect your skin and eyes. Wear gloves. And before you start new plants on your site, collect complete and reliable information about them.
Good luck, good luck and we invite you to a dialogue on this topic!
Syn .: jonquil, geranium.
Narcissus is a genus of monocotyledonous perennial herbaceous plants of the Amaryllidaceae family, with a dense, underground bulb, leafless stem and a single flower or a few-flowered umbellate inflorescence. The genus includes 54 primary and 59 hybridogenic species (according to the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew). All species of the genus are poisonous, contain the alkaloid narcissin.
The plant is poisonous!Ask the experts
In medicine
Narcissus is a non-pharmacopoeial plant and has no use in official medicine. However, research into the medicinal properties of narcissus has been going on for a very long time. Even Hippocrates used drugs from the Amaryllis family to treat malignant tumors. And in 1971, in Japan, scientists determined that the alkaloids contained in daffodil could be used in the treatment of some types of leukemia. Experimental animals diagnosed with Rausch leukemia lived longer when treated with narcissus alkaloids. Currently, scientists believe that the alkaloids found in narcissus can help in the treatment of many diseases, including cancer, but further, more accurate research is needed. It is known that the essence of narcissus flowers is actively used in homeopathy as a remedy for severe coughs, bronchitis, runny nose and frontal headaches.
Contraindications and side effects
Narcissus is a poisonous plant. The essence and tincture of narcissus, as well as its oil, should in no case be used by pregnant and lactating women, as well as children. This toxic plant should be used with great care by allergy sufferers.
In perfumery
The narcissus flower has a very strong intoxicating sweet scent. From the inflorescences of this plant in ancient times it was mined essential oilwhich was used in perfumery. It was described by Dioscorides. Narcissus essential oil is now rarely used due to the availability of inexpensive synthetic fragrances with a similar smell.
In gardening
Narcissus is an incredibly popular garden plant. There is no exact data on the number of varieties of this flower, at present there are more than 12 thousand of them.
This perennial is unpretentious, its bulbs take root on the most scanty soils. However, it is desirable that the soil is fertile and light enough. It is better to add sand to clay soils when planting, and humus to scanty soils. It will not be superfluous to introduce fertilizers - superphosphate and potassium salt.
The best time to plant daffodils is late August - early September. A sunny or slightly shaded place, closed from drafts, is best for these colors. Daffodils are planted in rows or groups on alpine slides, lawns, flower beds.
Daffodils can grow in one place for 3 to 10 years. They are transplanted when the bulb is heavily overgrown with children, reborn into a large bush, the daffodil began to bloom weakly or even stopped blooming altogether.
Classification
Narcissus (Latin Narcissus L.) is a genus of monocotyledonous plants of the Amaryllis family (Latin Amaryllidaceae J.St.-Hil.).
Currently, daffodils are divided into 13 groups (12 groups - garden flowers, 13 group - natural species and forms).
Group # 1. Tubular (Trumpet) - the length of the flower tube is equal to or slightly longer than the length of the perianth lobes. One flower on the peduncle.
Group number 2. Large-cupped - the length of the crown is no more than one third of the length of the perianth lobes and is less than the length of the perianth. One flower on the peduncle.
Group number 3. Small-cupped - crown length should not exceed one third of the length of the perianth lobes. One flower on a peduncle.
Group No. 4. Terry (Double) - on a peduncle there can be either one flower, or several. The perianth is terry, the crown is also terry. This group is the most popular in horticulture and is divided by flower shape into 5 more subgroups.
Group No. 5. Triandrus (Triandrus) - this variety has a small crown, and the perianth lobes are slightly bent back. Several small flowers are located on the peduncle. Varieties of this group are characterized by traits of the three-stalked narcissus (N. triandrus).
Group No. 6. Cyclamineus (Cyclamineus). In this variety, the perianth lobes are bent back very strongly. The tube is long enough, very narrow, protruding beyond the perianth lobes. One flower on a peduncle.
Group No. 7. Jonquilla and Apodanthus - one or more medium-sized flowers with a strong aroma on the peduncle.
Group number 8. Tazetta (Tazetta) - several rounded flowers on the peduncle. The tube is very short. The aroma is strong. Require shelter.
Group No. 9. Poetic (Poeticus) - characterized by a very large flower. The perianth segments are snow-white, the crown is flat, small. The main difference between this variety is a bright border on the crown, red or orange.
Group No. 10. N. bulbocodium (Bulbocodium) hybrids - there is only one flower on the peduncle. The perianth lobes are poorly developed. The difference of the variety is a large, specific bell-shaped crown.
Group number 11. Split-corona (Collar and Split-corona: Papillon) - the crown is divided by more than half. In some cases, it is adjacent to the perianth, in others, on the contrary, it lags behind it. This is the youngest group, separated into a separate one only in 1975. It is divided into 3 more subgroups.
Group No. 12. Other daffodils (Miscellaneous) - varieties that are not included in any of the other groups.
Group No. 13. Species, wild forms and their hybrids (Species).
Botanical description
Garden or hybrid daffodils - perennial herbaceous plants 20-50 cm high from the Amarallis family, with fairly dense bulbs and ribbon-shaped leaves of various widths. Leaves (in the amount of 2-6 pieces on each plant), linear, flat or with keels on the underside, bluish-green, usually grow almost vertically and only slightly inferior in height to peduncles. The peduncle is green, usually with two longitudinal edges. The flowers are located at the very tops of the leafless stems and are shrouded in filmy dragging. The flowers are arranged one at a time or several at once, depending on the variety. The perianth of the daffodil is petal-shaped, similar in shape to a tubular funnel, at the top turning into a horizontally straightened or slightly bent down bend. The leg consists of six identical parts... In its throat is a crown in the form of a small bell or a small shallow saucer. The crown can be lobed or solid. Six stamens are attached in two rows at the very top of the tube. The ovary is inferior, triangular, the ovules are arranged in several rows in each nest, attached to inner corners... The stigma is obtuse, and the column is filiform. The fruit of a daffodil is a small three-celled capsule that bursts into three parts along its valves.
Spread
In nature, there are about sixty species of daffodil, growing mainly in southern Europe, the Mediterranean and Asia. In culture, 25 species and a large number of hybrid forms are used, which are combined under the name "hybrid narcissus". They are planted in almost all countries of the world.
Distribution regions on the map of Russia.
Procurement of raw materials
IN medicinal purposes daffodil bulbs and flowers are harvested. The bulbs are harvested in July: they are cleaned of the soil, washed and dried in the open air for three weeks to a month, then placed in plastic containers.
The flowers are dried in the open air under a canopy for one and a half to two weeks, then packed in plastic container or cloth bags.
It is necessary to store raw materials in a dry place. The shelf life of raw materials is 12 months.
Chemical composition
In the roots, inflorescences, leaves and bulbs of narcissus, triterpenes, flavonoids, mucus and fatty acids, as well as tannins and alkaloids licorin and galantamine, are found.
Pharmacological properties
Narcissus is a plant that has no use in official medicine, however, thanks to its chemical composition alkaloids galantamine and licorin, the plant has some medicinal properties... Licorin, contained in narcissus, endows it with expectorant properties and can be used as a remedy for acute and chronic inflammation of the lungs and bronchi with a large amount of stubborn sputum. Galantamine, contained in the plant, affects the work of the parasympathetic nervous system, enhances the contractile ability of smooth muscles.
Application in traditional medicine
IN traditional medicine both narcissus bulbs and its flowers are used to treat inflammatory diseases of the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and tumor-like formations. It is believed that it helps well with mastitis (the infusion is used to wash the breast). The plant bulbs are crushed and applied to the site of inflammation, boils and carbuncles to accelerate their "ripening". Narcissus oil is used as an external remedy for hemorrhoids, pain in the knee joints, and sciatica.
Old recipes describe the use of daffodil to treat bloody diarrhea.
In ancient Greece, the medicinal narcissus oil was used to increase sex drive and treat male infertility. In the East, the leaves of these flowers served as a remedy for pain in the knee joints, headache, pinching of the sciatic nerve and hemorrhoids. Crushed narcissus leaves were used to heal and disinfect wounds.
Herbalists now recommend a decoction of narcissus root for the treatment of prostate inflammation and adenoma, as well as male infertility.
Narcissus oil is good for relaxation, it heals the nerves. The root is used for pain in the joints. The plant is used for pain in the bladder and uterus.
Historical reference
The scientific name for the daffodil is Narcissus L. It is also called Narcissus Poeticus. There is no consensus on the origin of the word "narcissus". Most scientists are inclined to believe that it was first used in the 5th-6th centuries BC and came from the Greek word "narkao", which meant "intoxicate", "stun". It is believed that the word "narcissus" was first introduced by Hippocrates. But there is another version of the origin of this word. In the Persian language there was the term "nargis", which meant "freeze", "numb". Both variants of the origin of the word have the right to life. The fact is that the strong smell of the poetic narcissus - the most famous species at that time - could cause a severe headache, intoxicate. It is believed that the words "anesthesia" and "narcissus" are cognates.
Homer wrote about the paralyzing properties of narcissus juice. It is now known that absolutely all types of daffodils are poisonous, even rodents do not eat the bulbs of the plant - they are big lovers of bulbs.
In The Canon of Medicine, Avicenna wrote about the narcissus:
"Narcissus root, especially when mixed with chaff flour and meiom, extracts thorns and arrowheads. Narcissus reduces freckles and bahak; Narcissus root in vinegar is especially helpful. Narcissus dries wounds and sticks them together tightly, even tendon breaks. Rubbed with honey. daffodil is applied to burns with fire, to wounds of nerves and to deeply lying ulcers.If you mix daffodil with vetch lenticular and honey, it cleans ulcers from dirt.
Narcissus oil is good for nerves, and from the root it is used for medicinal dressings for nerve tumors, nodularity and joint pain.
Narcissus oil will dissolve hard and cold swellings in the abdominal obstruction when rubbed on the breast. Narcissus helps with pain in the uterus and bladder... If you drink 4 dirhams (dirham - 3 g) of a narcissus in water sweetened with honey, it drives the fruit out alive or dead. Narcissus oil opens the contracted uterus and relieves pain in the uterus. "
In the language of flowers, narcissus means deceptive hopes, desires, selfishness.
According to the ancient Greek legend, a young and handsome young man Narcissus very cruelly refused the nymph, who confessed her love to him. The nymph, dying of grief, cast a spell on him: "Let him also love the first one he sees." On a hot afternoon, young Narcissus bent down to drink from the stream and saw his reflection. I had never met a Narcissus of such beauty before. He lost his peace and eventually died of his strange love. Where he was last seen, a fragrant white flower cold beauty. Since then, the mythical goddesses of retribution furies have adorned their heads with daffodil wreaths. Narcissus is an ancient symbol of selfishness and selfishness.
Narcissus as a garden plant has long been known, it was grown in England at the end of the 16th century. Wild plants were used to create basic varieties of complex hybrids. Traditionally, the selection of daffodils is carried out by specialists from the UK, Netherlands, USA and New Zealand. In order not to get confused in the huge variety of varieties, a unified international classification of cultivated varieties of narcissus was introduced. The registration of daffodil varieties in this classification is handled by the Royal Gardening Society.
Literature
1. Chopik V.I. Ornamental herbaceous plants for open ground THE USSR. In 2 volumes / N.A. Avrorin. - L .: Science, Len. otd., 1977. - T. 1. - S. 106-111.
2.E. N. Zaitseva, E. T. Novikova. Introduction of daffodils // Introduction and methods of culture of floral and ornamental plants. - M .: Nauka, 1997 .-- 168 p.
4. Narcissus, plants from the amarylla family // encyclopedic Dictionary Brockhaus and Efron: in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb., 1890-1907.
Narcissus is a perennial bulbous plant of the amaryllis family that delights gardeners with bright white and yellow flowers that bloom in spring. Despite the fact that the flowering period for daffodils lasts only 10-12 days, they are planted both in personal plots and in city flower beds, grown in greenhouses and cut into bouquets. However, in addition to ornamental, this plant has a number of medicinal properties for which it is valued in folk medicine. There are many types of daffodil; narrow-leaved daffodil is common in Russia.
In folk medicine, narcissus bulbs and flowers are used. The bulbs are harvested in July: they are dug up, washed in running water and dried in the open air for a month (under a canopy). Store the bulbs in plastic containers.
Flowers are harvested as they bloom during the flowering period (April-May) and dried in a well-ventilated place for 10-14 days. Store dried flowers in fabric bags or plastic containers. The shelf life of harvested bulbs and flowers is no longer than 1 year.
Composition and scope
Narcissus is rich in: tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, mucus, lipids, fatty acids.
Narcissus is used to treat:
- mastitis, tumor-like formations;
- rheumatism, knee pain;
- boils, inflammatory skin diseases;
- loose stools (including blood);
- male infertility, inflammation of the prostate and adenoma;
- pain in the uterus;
- diseases of the bladder.
Narcissus is also used to disinfect and accelerate wound healing.
Recipes
Tincture for cough, bronchitis, whooping cough:
- 1 part dry daffodil herb
- 10 parts of vodka.
Chop the daffodil herb, add vodka and let it brew for 10 days. Then strain the resulting tincture and take 3-10 drops 3 times a day. It will also help with loose stools, vomiting, and headaches.
Tincture for fungus on the skin:
- 3 daffodil onions;
- 500 ml of vodka.
Grate the onions, cover with vodka and leave for 7 days in a dark place. Then strain the resulting tincture. Wipe the affected skin several times a day. It can also be used to treat lichen, psoriasis and joint pain.
Narcissus juice for pain in the bladder and uterus:
- 3 drops of narcissus bulb juice;
- 1 tbsp water sweetened with honey.
Mix the juice with water and drink.
! This treatment is contraindicated in pregnant women, as it can cause an abortion!
Oil for radiculitis and hemorrhoids:
- 1 part daffodil bulb
- 4 parts vegetable oil.
Grate the daffodil bulb on a fine grater, cover with vegetable oil and leave to infuse for 7 days. Then strain the resulting oil. Store it in the refrigerator. To treat sciatica and joints, rub oil on sore spots at night. To treat hemorrhoids, soak gauze swabs with oil and apply them to inflamed veins for 2-3 hours.
Ointment for mastitis:
- 1 part daffodil bulbs
- 1 part rice porridge or rye flour.
Chop the daffodil bulbs and mix with thick rice porridge or rye flour. Apply the resulting ointment to your chest and wait for the mass to dry, then rinse with warm water. Repeat 2-3 times a day.
This ointment can also be used to treat sciatica and joint pain.
Infusion for mastitis:
- 1 daffodil onion (medium)
- 500 ml of boiling water.
Pour boiling water over the daffodil bulb and leave to infuse for an hour. With the resulting infusion, wipe your chest daily. This infusion can be used for treatment and prevention.
Infusion for adenoma:
- 1 tbsp narcissus bulbs;
- 400 ml boiling water.
Chop a daffodil onion, take a tablespoon of the resulting gruel and pour boiling water over it. Then put the resulting mixture in a water bath for half an hour. Cool the finished broth for 15 minutes and strain. Take 30-40 ml 3-4 times a day 30 minutes before meals.
Sometimes, for example, in case of poisoning, it is necessary to induce vomiting. In this case, the narcissist will also help.
Infusion to induce vomiting:
- 1/4 part onion or 1-2 dried daffodil leaves
- 1 liter of boiling water.
Pour boiling water over the plant materials and let it brew for 10 minutes. To induce vomiting, you need to drink 3-5 glasses of such a remedy.
Lotion for purulent wounds and ulcers:
- 3 parts daffodil bulb;
- 1 part honey.
Grate the daffodil bulb on a fine grater, mix it with honey, apply to a thick cloth and attach to the sore skin area, fixing with a bandage. This lotion should be changed 1-2 times a day.
Ointment for burns and wounds:
- 100 g daffodil bulbs;
- 100 g of cow oil;
- 100 g of lean oil;
- 100 g pork fat;
- 100 g goat fat;
- 100 g of beeswax;
- 100g rosin;
- 10 g incense;
- 10 g of propolis.
Place the fat, oil, and wax in an enamel pot, bring to a simmer, add the rest of the ingredients, and boil the mixture for 10 minutes. Strain the finished ointment through cheesecloth and apply to sore spots. Also, this ointment can be used to treat skin cancer in the early stages.
Freckle Lotion:
- 1 daffodil onion;
- 200 ml of apple cider vinegar.
Grate the onion and pour over apple cider vinegar... Let the lotion steep for 10 days, strain and wipe the freckled areas.
Contraindications
Narcissus is a poisonous plant, so everyone needs to take medications based on this plant with caution. It is important to remember that the narcissist affects the nervous system and can cause paralysis. A large number of daffodil flowers indoors causes headaches and nausea in many people.
Treatment with a narcissist is categorically contraindicated:
- children;
- pregnant women, nursing mothers;
- people prone to allergic reactions;
- with individual intolerance.
And it is useful for adults to “know by sight” these herbs and flowers. Most of the flora that will be discussed in this section are wild-growing. You can meet them both on your own site, and during country walks. If in relation to cultivated plants we are free to choose whether to plant them in our garden or not, then wild plants do not ask our permission. But, as they say, forewarned means forearmed. Let's arm))
Sosnowsky's hogweed (Heracleum sosnowskyi)
Perhaps the most "famous" representative of this category. The juice, getting on the skin, provokes very severe sunburns (note: cloudy weather does not prevent the threat!). Cases of death of people in the case of extensive lesions have been recorded, so this plant must be taken very, very seriously.
Meeting with Sosnovsky's cow parsnip is fraught with serious burns. A photo
If this type of hogweed grows next to your summer cottage, be sure to show it to everyone at home and warn about the danger. Especially children! Out of ignorance or frivolity, they often become victims of poisonous juice.
Buttercup (Ranunculus)
The juice causes eye irritation (many of us remember from childhood that caustic buttercup is also called "night blindness") and increases the sensitivity of the skin to the sun. Hardly anyone will chew these yellow flowers, but it is worth knowing: if you eat a fresh plant, damage to the nervous system and disturbances in the activity of the gastrointestinal tract can occur, and animals, having gorged themselves on buttercups, sometimes even die from poisoning.
The caustic buttercup is not called night blindness for nothing.
Marsh marigold (Caltha palustris)
The juice of this cute spring primrose can cause rashes and irritations to the skin and eyes. Baby's delicate skin is especially sensitive, so explain to your child that you should not pick marigold flowers. Moreover, they look much better in natural conditions than in a bouquet, where they instantly wither.
Marsh marigold is a cute primrose that can irritate the skin and eyes
European swimsuit (Trollius europaeus)
Beautiful flowers, similar to golden bells, invariably attract attention - that's why they slowly disappear from our forests. Meanwhile, picking its flowers, you can harm not only nature, but also your health: the plant is poisonous, especially its juice. Avoid getting the swimsuit juice in your eyes and be sure to wash your hands thoroughly if you come into contact with it.
European bather - picking her flowers can harm not only nature, but also yourself
Kupena (Polygonatum)
Once a common plant, today it is less and less common in its wild form. But some types of kupen are used ornamental plantsso it is important to know that its juice is irritating to the skin and eyes.
At kupena, both juice and fruits are poisonous
The rhizome bought medicinal (or pharmacy, or fragrant) is used in folk medicine, but its overdose also leads to poisoning. The fruits are poisonous and bought (at least, they will cause vomiting) - keep this in mind if children are resting in the country.
Ash (Dictamnus)
Popularly nicknamed "the burning bush", white ash is very dangerous. Like Sosnovsky's hogweed, it increases the sensitivity of the skin to ultraviolet light. Severe burns - up to blisters - can leave ulcers, scars and dark spots... If you were attracted by the beauty of these flowers, and you planted them in your garden, work with them only with gloves and strictly forbid children to touch the plant.
Chamomile (Matricaria)
There are cases of individual intolerance: in some people, the smell of chamomile causes a strong reaction - up to respiratory spasms; itching, skin redness is also possible
Chamomile is used in the treatment of allergies, but it can also cause it.
Capable of making you sneeze initial letter medicinal, european clefthoof - without special need, do not fiddle with, rub and sniff their leaves and shoots. Sniffing pupavka dyeing, you can also burst into tears - in some people it causes lacrimation, sneezing and even irritation of the mucous membranes and skin.
Deceiving beauty
There is a serious threat behind the bright and attractive appearance of some garden flowers. Leaves, petals, and roots are poisonous.... But do not rush to destroy your flower beds if half of the following list, or even more, is found in them. Of course, it is necessary to know about the danger - but it is still not worth exaggerating it. In the overwhelming majority of cases, you need to try very hard to get poisoned by this or that flower.Foxglove (Digitalis)
It is no accident that she has a bad reputation: absolutely all foxgloves are poisonous. They contain the cardiac glycoside digitalin, and foxglove herb has long been used to treat various heart conditions. The sap of the plant can irritate the skin, so children should not be allowed to play with fancy flowers. And of course, it is absolutely impossible to taste neither leaves, nor flowers, nor seeds.
Absolutely all foxgloves are poisonous
Aquilegia
All parts of the catchment, or aquilegia, are poisonous. The degree of toxicity varies from species to species, but hazardous properties appear in any case for internal use plants. Just don't eat aquilegia - you can enjoy it completely fearlessly and painlessly.
Aquilegia. You just don't need to eat it
Aconite (Aconite)
He is considered one of the most poisonous garden plants... The alkaloids it contains act on the central nervous system, leading to convulsions and paralysis of the respiratory center. Moreover, all parts of the plant are poisonous, without exception. They say that in some countries, in ancient times, they could be executed only for the fact that aconite grows near the house - its poison was considered so strong and terrible.
In ancient times, in some places, people could be executed for growing aconite ...
But the good news is that the toxicity of a plant is highly dependent on the conditions in which it grows. In hot climates, the dangerous properties are manifested as much as possible (it is no coincidence that all historical facts and legends associated with aconite poisoning refer to warm countries). And from my childhood I remember the village front gardens with aconite - in the Northwest at that time it was very common, and my friends and I often picked flowers to play with them (they have a very interesting shape). And no one has ever been hurt! But in any case, of course, you should avoid eating any part of the aconite.
Delphinium
Larkspur, he is also a spur, it also contains alkaloids, the effect of which is similar to the well-known poison of the Indians - curare: they sharply reduce muscle tone and prevent nerve impulses... The "bouquet" is complemented by substances identical to the poison of aconite. The maximum concentration of alkaloids is reached in the roots of the plant at the beginning of the growing season. During the fruiting period, the leaves are especially poisonous. Agree: "by mistake" or "accidentally" it is unlikely to dig up and eat the delphinium root, and hardly anyone will chew the leaves, so in the flower garden it hardly poses a serious threat to the gardener.
You can admire the delphinium without fear
In large doses, anemone (liverwort) is poisonous; hazardous substances are found in the leaves and rhizomes of irises; poisonous, dicentra and even lupine; rhizomes are contraindicated for pregnant women ...
Well, now - about the good. If you do not try to use these plants for self-healing (and almost all of them have healing properties) and if you don’t start making salads from them (which probably would not occur to anyone in their right mind), then they will not be able to harm you. Grow flowers for health, and may they bring you only joy!
Dangers in the vegetable garden
Let's move from the garden to the vegetable garden. This is where it would seem that extremely edible and safe plants should be. But no! And here an inexperienced grower can face serious problems and threats ...The green "berries" that form after flowering are very dangerous. If there are children in the house, it is better to play it safe and remove the flowers from the potato tops (by the way, they say, this affects the yield in the best way).
Be sure to make sure that the potatoes are there, and when digging out the crop, immediately discard the green tubers. Everyone knows that they contain a poison - solanine. But not everyone knows how it is really dangerous... So, it is believed that the lethal dose for an adult is 400 mg, despite the fact that up to 700 mg of poison per 1 kg can accumulate in green tubers. You can also read the article for more details.
Generally, vegetable crops the nightshade families are not entirely harmless. Eating unripe and green ones can lead to unpleasant consequences. Perhaps a strong digestive tract will tolerate this without damage, but it is still not worth experimenting.
has an abortive effect, and therefore is contraindicated in pregnant women.
Especially dangerous
Finally, there is a category of plants to avoid. certainly... It is unlikely to meet them at their summer cottage, but in the vicinity it is quite possible.Veh, or cicuta (Cicuta virosa)
According to legend, it was the drink from hemlock that Socrates drank in the dungeon (according to another version, it was hemlock, which will be discussed further). One of the most poisonous plants, especially dangerous in that it is easy to confuse it with other - absolutely harmless - umbrella. Distinctive feature hemlock - the structure of the rhizome: it is internally divided by partitions into transverse cavities:
Hemlock rhizome. Photo from the site
The whole plant is poisonous, but the maximum concentration of hazardous substances reaches it in the rhizome. The milestone poses a threat not only to humans, but also to animals, therefore, it should be disposed of near housing and in places where livestock graze. In this case, be careful - make sure that hemlock juice does not get on the skin and mucous membranes.
Belena (Hyoscyamus)
About a person who behaves inappropriately, sometimes they say that he "overeat" henbane. In fact, the alkaloids contained in this plant cause confusion, visual impairment and other extremely unpleasant symptoms. All parts of the plant are poisonous, but especially the small seeds, similar to poppy seeds.
Henbane. Certainly dangerous
Hemlock (Coniun)
Another dangerous representative of the umbrella family is spotted hemlock, or speckled. Extremely poisonous; dangerous to both people and animals. Alkaloids contained in all parts of the plant are deadly; poisoning develops quickly, is very difficult and often ends in the death of the victim from respiratory arrest. Hemlock juice causes skin irritation, dermatitis.
Hemlock must be learned to distinguish from other umbrella. Photo from the site static.panoramio.com
The peculiarity of the plant, which makes it possible to distinguish it from other members of the family, is the intense purple coloration of the lower part of the stem and spots of the same color on its surface (it was they who gave the hemlock the name "spotted"). If you grind small leaves, you can feel an unpleasant "mouse" smell.
Also extremely dangerous belladonna (Atropa belladonna), hellebore (Veratrum), calla (Calla palustris).
This list is, of course, incomplete. It can be extended for a long time, but the essence is probably not in the enumeration. You probably noticed: the named plants - even the most poisonous ones - can only harm an ignorant person, and besides, an imprudent, imprudent one. Therefore, I am sure: the most important thing is to learn a rational attitude to nature, her gifts; do you agree?.
There is no need to strive to completely remove, destroy potentially dangerous herbs, flowers and shrubs around you. This idea is not feasible. But you definitely need to understand them, find out the sources of the threat and understand how to protect yourself and your loved ones. I hope you now know: it's not too difficult.
