A wooden house requires especially careful thermal protection, because if the temperature and humidity conditions are violated, the wood begins to rot and lose its strength characteristics. An effective heater will help prevent this. Before starting work on protection from the cold, you need to figure out how to properly insulate the floor in an individual wooden house.

Why insulate a wooden floor

Wood versus concrete is enough warm material, but when building a frame private house or a house from a bar with your own hands, it is not always possible to achieve a rational balance of the thickness of the structure in terms of strength and thermal conductivity. To reduce the consumption of materials for walls and foundations, thermal insulation is necessary. It is possible to carry out work on insulation both in an old building put into operation long ago and in new construction.

Floor insulation in a wooden house can prevent the following problems:

• the appearance of excessive dampness in the room;
• decrease in temperature in the task;
• condensation, which results in mold;
• the appearance of fungus and other microorganisms dangerous to humans;
• increase in heating costs;
• destruction of wooden structures from the inside.

By doing the work yourself, you can significantly reduce costs. Now there are many materials, the use of which does not require special skills and high qualifications.

Scheme of all heat losses wooden house.

Which floors require insulation

The following structures need protection:

1. cold cellar floor cake;
2. attic floor;
3. interfloor construction.

In the case of an interfloor option, the material is used as sound insulation. In this case, it is necessary to provide a layer 3-5 cm thick.

Insulation of the floor of the first floor in a wooden house allows you to provide comfortable living conditions. Most heat loss occurs through the ceiling of the upper floor, so it is necessary that the thermal insulation is selected and laid correctly.

Materials for work

To competently insulate the floor in a wooden house, you need to choose a high-quality insulation that has all the necessary properties. Warming can be carried out both from the inside of the room and from the side of cold air.

For warming with your own hands attic floor from the inside or the basement from below, it is better to use light materials that will easily be fixed from below to the floor pie. In this case, it would be correct to apply:

• mineral wool in rolls;

These materials will provide maximum convenience when insulating the ceiling with your own hands.

When warming frame house, houses made of timber or logs, work can be carried out from the inside of the room for the floor of the first floor and from the outside for the last one. In this case, it is better to carry out floor insulation along logs or beams, since this will prevent the transfer of load to fragile material. For this type of work, you can use the following materials:

More information about insulation with sawdust and expanded clay can be found in the articles and. These materials have such advantages as natural origin and low cost, so if you need to reduce construction costs or insulation in an old building and ensure complete environmental friendliness, it is better to use them. However, they are less technologically advanced than other materials.

Recently, the method is also gaining popularity. This method is good for its low labor intensity and high efficiency.

floor insulation technology

It is important to properly lay the insulation in compliance with the competent order of all layers. The floor pie when insulating the attic floor, the floor of the second floor or the first floor has not always noticeable, but significant differences.

Insulation of the floor of the first floor from below

In this case, when doing do-it-yourself work, the materials should be correctly laid in the following order:

1. waterproofing;
2. insulation;
3. vapor barrier;
4. cover structure.

When building a house from a bar or frame, the material is fixed along the beams. Then the stitching is done. As a protection against moisture and steam, you can use a regular plastic film. As a second option for waterproofing, moisture-proof membranes are used. If all the layers are laid correctly, the structure will be reliably and competently protected from the cold from the point of view of heat engineering.

This method is very laborious and is used only if there is no possibility of warming from the inside.

Also, the method is perfect for warming from below.

Insulation of the floor of the first floor from the inside

It is quite inconvenient to carry out work under the ceiling, therefore, when erecting a frame house or a building from a bar, they often perform insulation of the floor of the first floor along the beams from above. In this case, in addition to the previously mentioned materials, loose materials such as sawdust and expanded clay can be used. When carrying out insulation with your own hands, it is correct to lay all layers in the following sequence:

1. floor structure;
2. waterproofing;
3. insulation;
4. vapor barrier;
5. clean floor.

The vapor barrier must be placed from the inside of the room, so it will work correctly, preventing damage to the ceiling along the beams from the timber.

Interfloor insulation

In the first case, the insulation dampens airborne noise: human speech, music, etc. In the second case, the structure is also perfectly isolated from impact noise - steps, jumps, etc.

Proper sound insulation of interfloor ceilings is a guarantee comfortable living all family members.

Insulation of the ceiling of the upper floor from the inside

Installation of insulation from the inside does not provide maximum protection for structures, but it can be used as a second option for laying insulation. In this case, the insulation is mounted along the beams from the bottom of the ceiling. It will be correct to arrange the layers in this order:

1. vapor barrier;
2. insulation;
3. waterproofing;
4. beam roof construction.

Attic floor insulation

When building and repairing a frame house, a house made of timber or logs, it is better to insulate the attic from above. This method has the following advantages:

• ease of installation;
• the possibility of using inexpensive bulk materials;
• competent thermal protection;
• warming not only the premises, but also the ceilings along the beams of a house made of timber or frame;
• prevention of condensation in the thickness of the ceiling.

To ensure proper protection, the layers are stacked in the following order from bottom to top:

1. floor structure;
2. vapor barrier;
3. thermal insulation material;
4. waterproofing.

Calculation of the thickness of the insulation

To perform a full-fledged thermotechnical calculation of the structures of a frame house or a building made of timber, it is not necessary to have a construction education. When performing the calculation, it is important to know the thicknesses of all layers of the cake and their thermal conductivity. It's easy enough to find out.

The calculation will allow you to perform competent insulation of the house from a bar and prevent overspending of materials. All calculations, taking into account the search for initial data, are unlikely to take more than half an hour. Usually such layers as waterproofing, vapor barrier are not taken into account.

A competent choice of the method of insulation, the type of material and its thickness can save you from many problems during operation. When building multi-storey residential buildings, the question of insulation does not arise: it is required. The correctness of the choice of thickness and the availability of measures for thermal protection of the floor, attic floor and walls are checked by an examination, which considers these calculations on an equal basis with strength calculations.

In private housing construction, no one checks the presence of competent insulation, but this does not make it less important.

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Create a cozy environment in own house it is impossible without high-quality floor insulation, since it is when the feet freeze that most people feel discomfort or get sick. By warm floor It's always nice to walk barefoot, especially when it's snowing outside or it's pouring rain. However, to achieve such results, it is necessary to choose a floor insulation in a wooden house, which is better in terms of characteristics and has the simplest installation technology.

floor insulation process stone wool

Since in a wooden house the floors are also laid from boards, special requirements are imposed on:

• It is necessary to ensure the maximum level of fire safety, since wood is a highly flammable material. It is recommended to choose a non-combustible or at least non-combustible insulating material.

• Mandatory resistance to moisture and resistance to its accumulation. This is due to the fact that wood has the property of absorbing and releasing moisture at different temperatures, and if the insulation causes its accumulation along the contact boundary, then the boards will begin to rot.

• Thermal insulation must retain its basic properties throughout the entire service life, but at least longer than the lifetime of wooden floors.
• Sufficient mechanical strength is required to resist caking or loss of thermal insulation properties.
• The composition must be free of harmful chemical substances, especially volatile and volatile.

Important! In addition to the requirements for heaters, it is also necessary to take care of creating the appropriate conditions for their operation.

Insulation for the floor in a wooden house, which one is better to choose?

To choose a floor insulation in a wooden house, which is better and cheaper, you need to know what its main types are. According to the method of delivery, they are divided into the following:

• Mats or slabs . They are lightweight plates that hold a certain shape and retain their geometry during their installation. Usually they are characterized by minimal thermal conductivity and low weight. These include Penoplex plates, polystyrene foam, mineral wool, etc. Install them on a flat surface with minimal roughness. Their simultaneous use with others is allowed. In the manufacture of mats, both natural and artificial materials can be used.

• Rolls . They are rolls based on composite materials, cork, mineral wool, etc. They can have different thicknesses and usually have softness and minimal density. That is, they are light and fit even on uneven surfaces without any special difficulties. Thanks to the standard length, laying without cross joints is possible, which significantly improves the level of thermal insulation. However, they are unstable to moisture, so they require special attention to the laying of the waterproofing layer.

Helpful information! In some cases, mineral wool insulation is produced with a layer of foil layer, which must be on top when laying. It is designed to be moisture resistant.

• Polymer based fluids . Supplied in sealed containers in the form of spray cans or containers, inside which is special compound, capable of forming a solid substance with a foamed structure when interacting with air. It can be used to apply heat-insulating layers of any complexity, as it has increased adhesion to almost all surfaces. building materials, and is also capable of filling irregularities or hard-to-reach places. A striking example of a polymer composition is penoizol. For its application, the use of special sprayers is required. If you want to choose a floor insulation in a wooden house that is optimal in terms of cost, which one is best applied to a wooden base, then you should pay attention to other heat-insulating materials. Such a heater is expensive in price compared to other materials for thermal insulation.

• Loose insulation . These include materials such as expanded clay, sawdust, slag, etc. Due to their flowability, they are able to fill any volumes with sufficient density to ensure minimal thermal conductivity. They can be laid directly on the ground or on a prepared base. The disadvantages of laying such a heater are the following: an increase in the level of the floors, as well as the need to install transverse beams for laying the finished floor.

In each case, the insulation should be chosen in such a way that it is convenient to install, it has more advantages from the application, and the disadvantages do not play a significant role. That is, it is recommended to lay slab or roll insulation on even floors, bulk insulation on an uneven rough base, and polystyrene foam on complex bases.

Do-it-yourself step-by-step process of floor insulation in a private house

Do-it-yourself floor insulation in a private house is done in stages in the following sequence:

• The subfloor is being prepared for the installation of logs intended for use as the main structure for fixing the insulation.

• In the presence of damaged structures, replacement or repair is carried out. The base for the insulation is carefully strengthened and, if necessary, leveled with your own hands.

• Thermal insulation material is laid in accordance with the installation technology.

• A clean floor is laid.

Related article:

Features of insulation with sawdust

Sawdust is one of the cheapest, but effective heaters. In terms of cost, they are much cheaper than expanded clay or mineral wool, but at the same time they have almost the same thermal conductivity. They are environmentally friendly and therefore will not pose a health hazard. Warming the floor with sawdust consists in filling them into the space between the lags in an even layer. In this case, there will be no difficulties with isolating hard-to-reach places, since sawdust can be easily tamped there. A waterproofing material is laid on top of the stacked sawdust.

Attention! Sawdust, like wood, has an increased fire hazard. Therefore, they must be impregnated with special impregnations. Otherwise, it is recommended to use non-combustible materials.

Floor insulation with foam

The method of laying foam boards is quite simple. First you need to lay it along the lag in one layer, then foam the joints mounting foam, then lay the second layer, but with dressing of the seams.

The advantages of using the following:

• Resistant to moisture and rodents.
• Long service life.
• It has sufficient protection against mechanical influences.
• It does not cake over time and does not lose its properties.

Laying roll materials based on mineral or stone wool

Rolled heaters are one of the most popular today, as they have excellent insulating properties and a long service life at a relatively low cost. In addition, they are non-flammable and do not emit harmful substances.

Helpful information! Some experts believe that mineral wool harms human health, since formaldehyde is used in its production. However, in practice, it turns out that this volatile substance evaporates during the stay in the production premises.

Since the mineral wool, when moisture gets on it, loses its thermal insulation properties, it must be qualitatively waterproofed from external environment and vapor barrier interior spaces. The rolls are laid in one layer between the lags directly on the waterproofing layer, but in such a way that the cotton wool lies tightly against the walls without the slightest gaps. A layer of vapor barrier is laid on top. The technology is relatively simple and therefore even non-specialists will not have questions about how to properly insulate floors in wooden houses.

Overview of manufacturers and product prices

The most popular in Russia are the following manufacturers of high-quality thermal insulation materials:

• Isover - the French brand of the Saint-Gobain concern, which has existed for more than 350 years and has managed to prove its reliability and high quality products. One of the priority areas is the production of glass wool insulation. In fact, products from this manufacturer are the benchmark for competitors. At the same time, the cost of glass wool is within reasonable limits and is quite affordable for purchase.

• Linerock - a separate line of products of the Saint-Gobain concern. It is a high-quality mineral wool board, which is also designed to provide high-quality sound insulation of rooms. The manufacturer is domestic with the main production facilities located in the city of Chelyabinsk. The cost of products is quite acceptable, since foreign analogues are several times more expensive.

• Company euroisole produces high-quality mineral wool insulation in the form of plates. They are characterized by increased fire safety, resistance to water absorption and compression. In this case, the cost of the insulating material is at a high level, however, if we compare its service life with analogues from other companies, then Euroizol will win in all technical parameters.

• Products from rockwool is branded and in demand all over the world. The main activity of the company is the production of basalt heat-insulating materials. They are characterized by unpretentiousness to difficult operating conditions and the preservation of their properties for several decades. However, their cost is quite democratic and affordable for any resident of Russia.

Kirill Sysoev

Calloused hands do not know boredom!

Content

One of the problems of living in a private house made of wood is a cold floor. The fact is that air currents of low temperature go down, coolness also comes from the earth. To make the home cozy, warm and comfortable, to protect it from freezing will help the insulation of the floor covering, which is performed using a variety of materials.

How to insulate the floor in a wooden house from below

It is known that the house is the fortress of every person, so it should always feel cozy and warm. One of the ways to transform the living space is to insulate the floor in a wooden house from below. To get a positive result, you should carefully familiarize yourself with the range of products for insulation, find out the features, choose the most best option and complete the installation.

The installation of a thermal insulation layer is distinguished by several specific nuances:

1. Two-layer floor insulation is required in a wooden house from below. It is necessary to reduce the loss of heat leaving through the draft bottom. Typically, the floor is made of ordinary boards that fit together. The surface will suffer from strong exposure to moisture and low temperatures from the ground, so building materials must be treated with special equipment in advance.
2. Given the fact that wood absorbs liquid well, waterproofing will be needed. Before starting to insulate a wooden floor, it is recommended to lay a one-sided fiber.
3. Products for floor insulation in a wooden house from below should not change their characteristics when in contact with wood.

What insulation is better for the floor in a wooden house

Very often, consumers think about what material is more profitable to use to insulate a cold floor in a wooden house from below. The choice of insulation depends on such factors: the size of the room, the type of surface, the type of wood, the climate, the price. Needless to say, it's expensive. finishing material not always the best in quality and may simply not be suitable for a particular building. To make the right choice, it is recommended to find out what kind of insulating floor materials are, to study their characteristics, advantages.

Thermal insulation materials

The range of modern thermal insulation is very wide. Products may differ in dimensions, characteristics, installation technologies, and so on. Warming of floors in a wooden house is often carried out with such building materials: mineral wool, expanded clay, penofol, polystyrene foam (expanded polystyrene), polyurethane foam, sawdust, penoplex. The choice of thermal insulation layer depends on the individual preferences of the owner of the building and the characteristics of the flooring. How to insulate the floor in a wooden house during the construction or repair of a dwelling?

Mineral wool

Cold wood flooring is often insulated with mineral wool. This type of seal is available as elastic mats or durable panels. The material must be laid in a single layer. The main advantages of mineral wool:

• high sound and heat insulation;
• long term practical use;
• resistance to fire and high humidity;
• affordable cost;
• environmental friendliness;
• such a heater is resistant to damage: mechanical and chemical influences.

polyurethane foam

Perfect fit wooden floor a seal whose pores are closed with air and gas for insulation is polyurethane foam. This cellular material has a small mass, but retains heat well. Such a heater is most resistant to the formation of fungus, mold, is not afraid of decay, and is not affected by acids. Polyurethane foam is applied using special equipment and has good adhesion (adhesion to the surface). Thanks to the use of this type of thermal insulation, it is possible to insulate the floor of any shape without the formation of joints.

Styrofoam

Thermal insulation of floors using polystyrene (expanded polystyrene) has a large number of advantages. The structure of the material provides a low level of vapor permeability and thermal conductivity, fire resistance, reliability, resistance to chemical and biological factors. Expanded polystyrene has a long service life and retains its characteristics for a long time. The main disadvantage is that the sealant absorbs a certain amount of liquid, which may affect some properties.

Penoplex

The wooden floor is also insulated with foam plastic - a very light homogeneous polymer material that does not exert a load on the base of the building. It is obtained by extrusion - forcing molten raw materials through the molding recess of the extruder (special equipment). Penoplex is very durable, resistant to low temperatures, durable, characterized by minimal moisture absorption and combustion.

Expanded clay

Thermal insulation of a wooden floor can be carried out using expanded clay - loose, porous products, which consist of small round balls. Insulation is produced by burning slate or clay in a special furnace. Expanded clay to preserve the heat of a wood floor is a durable and environmentally friendly material. It has high rates of sound insulation, fire resistance, frost resistance. There is one significant disadvantage: after a certain period of time, expanded clay is compacted under the weight of its own weight and loses the quality of thermal insulation.

Penofol

Roll-type insulation for a wooden floor, which is made of polyethylene foam, which is covered with aluminum foil on top, is penofol. Such a sealant is not very thick (3-10 mm), but it conducts heat well and does not need additional vapor barrier. Due to its composition, penofol has several disadvantages: rust can “eat” the foil, and polyethylene loses strength over time.

Installation technology

A reliable and effective option for laying insulation for wooden flooring from below is installation along logs - transverse boards (beams) on which the flooring is located. ­

1. First, logs are attached to the brick foundation, the distance between which should be 1-1.2 meters (as in the photo).
2. Chipboard or thick plywood is mounted on the bars from below using self-tapping screws. This is necessary for laying thermal insulation.
3. Insulating material is laid out on the surface between the lags. The thickness of this layer of thermal insulation can be varied, so you need to focus on the dimensions of the transverse boards (lag).
4. Waterproofing (for example, a plastic film) is laid on top of the sealant. This type of material is not always used, because some types of insulation are themselves resistant to moisture.
5. The final stage of installation is the installation of elements of the old or new wooden flooring on the ground floor.

Due to the constant increase in utility bills and the desire to make their homes warmer and more comfortable, the owners of apartments and houses are increasingly thinking about floor insulation. The sense of this procedure is felt almost immediately, the process does not require significant investment, it is also facilitated by the fact that it can be carried out in a wooden house without dismantling the old floor covering, and it is cheaper, thanks to the possibility of designing it yourself, without spending the planned budget on calling a specialist. The main thing is to decide which of the existing heaters is better and how to properly lay the heat-insulating layer.

Why is it necessary to insulate the floor in wooden houses

An additional layer will not only eliminate the cold walking on the legs and raise the overall temperature in the room, but also eliminate the following possible problems:

1. excess moisture;
2. the appearance of condensate, which causes dampness and leads to the formation of fungus and mold;
3. the occurrence of microorganisms;
4. decay process in wooden structures.

The combination of these facts allows us to conclude that insulation is necessary.

Work performance technology

The double floor is a structure implemented on two levels:

• draft- these are boards fixed on beams, on top of which an insulating flooring is supposed.
• Finishing- a tier serving for paving the last layer of insulation.

The general laying technology is a collection of heat-insulating "pie":

• dismantling of the old floor;
• along the bottom, over the entire area, auxiliary boards are attached;
• logs of the required size are treated with antiseptic agents to prevent decay;
• prepared logs are laid on top of the support layer with a distance of 0.6 or 0.7 m, maximum - 1 m.
• between them, the selected insulation is placed on the draft layer. If a solid version is used as it, for example, polystyrene foam, the joints must be treated with silicone, foam or other mixtures to eliminate gaps;
• a vapor barrier is placed on top of the insulating material, which is mounted to the logs with thin bars 20x30. To improve the energy-saving effect, the joints are glued with a special adhesive tape containing metal.
• Next, the main floor layer is laid.

Also, there are methods in which an impromptu net is used, which is a strong weave of fishing line. It is attached to the beams with nails and is used as a "black" floor, however, over time, such a design can stretch and sag, thereby making the idea unreliable.

In private houses, insulating the floor of the first floor, the raw materials are also laid along the logs fixed on small brick hills, while laying waterproofing and plank sheathing between them.

How to choose the right thermal insulation material

Selection good material- an important part in the process of forming insulation. Several key parameters should be considered.

• Weight materials is not so important for the owners of one-story wooden houses. Such structures, in themselves, are lightweight and create minimum load to the foundation. This parameter is relevant only for high-rise buildings with wooden floors.
• moisture resistance take into account if insulation is carried out in places with high humidity - saunas, bathrooms or kitchens, as well as in regions characterized by humid climatic conditions.
• Duration of operation directly affects how often the owner will need to repair work to restore coverage.
• Thermal conductivity- one of the most pressing issues, this indicator determines how much heat will be kept inside the housing.
• Difficulty of installation sometimes the determining factor. Everyone wants the process of warming to go as quickly and easily as possible. Accordingly, the material is chosen.
• Basement or basement involves a thicker layer of insulation, which will become a significant barrier to cold air.
• Ceiling height often limits the choice of insulation. In small rooms, you will have to limit yourself to a thin layer to save space.
• Period of residence in the building. If it is a cottage or garden house, in which you appear once a month, you should not overpay and put a thick layer of expensive building materials on the floor.
• fire resistance important for wooden houses. The thermal insulator should not support combustion, and also emit bad smell when heating the house in the summer.

You need to choose products depending on the above parameters, as well as their cost and the budget allocated for insulation work.

Popular types of thermal insulation materials

Practicality and ease of use is one of the main criteria in the selection of raw materials for home insulation. Today, the line of similar products is represented by a wide range for any need. Hard types of insulation are used on flat surfaces, while soft and flexible ones can be used in finishing almost any surface.

in rolls

The main components of such products are mineral wool and crushed cork. This form of insulation is characterized by softness, small specific gravity, low density. This allows you to mount it on all types of planes, including curves and torn ones with large differences. When laying, there are no butt joints, which makes it possible to avoid cold bridges.

in slabs

Insulation in the form of plates is very convenient in terms of installation, if the dimensions of the openings that need to be insulated are known in advance, for example, in the inter-rafter zone of the attic or between the logs in the floor. It is lightweight and does not change its dimensions during installation. It has a low coefficient of thermal conductivity.

This type of insulation is a special mixture, which, when interacting with air, changes its structure from liquid to foam, and then hardens. With such a product, you can fill almost all the necessary places, including the most inaccessible ones. One of the most common representatives is penoizol. It is applied with special equipment to the surface, filling with itself all the bumps and flaws. The disadvantages of this type of material include a rather high cost.

The main component here is materials in the form of small free-flowing particles, such as slag, woodworking waste in the form of sawdust or expanded clay. They fill all the cavities very well and allow you to achieve good sound insulation. Their laying is carried out both on a conventional soil coating and on a previously prepared base. It is considered quite budgetary and is the best suited for thermal insulation of floors made with wood.

The most popular materials for insulation

Nowadays, hardware stores offer dozens of raw materials for all types of insulation. Therefore, it is not necessary to think for a long time over the question of the better to insulate the floor in the house. You just need to choose the most optimal one that can solve your problem and at the same time will not hit the family budget much. The list of the most popular similar products is as follows:

Styrofoam or Styrofoam

It has a lot of advantages, including excellent thermal insulation, light weight, ease of installation and, most importantly, moisture protection and complete vapor tightness. Due to the latter quality, it is recommended to use it in basements. The thickness of the finish depends on the climate zone, but on average it is 5-15 cm. Its thermal insulation characteristics directly depend on the density - the higher this coefficient, the better it will protect your home from the cold. Such materials have another advantage - if you want to insulate your house cheaply - do it with foam.

Mineral wool

The characteristics inherent in this insulation do not allow its use in concrete screeds. But, for soundproofing and insulation wooden floors it will fit perfectly. Between the first and ground floors, the heat-insulating layer should be 20-30 cm. For other floors, a layer of 10-20 cm will suffice.

Ecowool

Once an innovative material, today it has gained high popularity. It is produced by shredding paper and paper waste with further treatment with antiseptics. Due to the substances contained, this ecowool cannot be used on the ground, but for interfloor ceilings along the beams it will be the best option. The layer in the latter case is placed at 20-30 cm.

A very expensive heater with a lot of advantages. Due to its structure, it can easily fill all cavities. It is not recommended to use it for thermal insulation of floors on beams.

Foam glass

An innovative product obtained by foaming quartz sand. The specific gravity of such raw materials is low, it has excellent noise and vapor barrier characteristics, is able to withstand huge loads without changing its original shape.

Expanded clay

Material that has come to us from time immemorial. Even 20-30 years ago it was one of the most popular and used. Now its popularity is declining due to its large size. The height of the ceilings, especially interfloor ones, does not always allow you to pick up the distance necessary for laying expanded clay.

Fiberboard

It is a complex mixture of cement, wood and liquid glass. The main advantage of such a heat insulator, in addition to retaining precious heat in the house, is a high degree of sound absorption. Its laying on soils is limited, however, for a layer between floors, it will be the best option. Between the basement and the first tier, it is necessary to provide a thickness of 15 cm, and 10 cm is enough for subsequent levels.

Sawdust

Insulation with sawdust cannot be considered the most effective and high-quality way to keep heat in a home, since in order to achieve the required indicators, a layer of at least 30 cm must be provided. However, it is still used in attics or for the manufacture of more complex materials.

Izolon

This is a polyethylene brought to a foamed state, characterized by a low thermal conductivity with a minimum thickness. At the same time, it is also a sound insulator, which makes its use in demand between the floors of the building. The isolon is laid not “butt-to-butt”, but with an overlap, and the seams are processed with bituminous mastic.

Penofol

The latest modern development, whose action is based on shielding. The reflective surface helps to effectively retain heat, and the ultra-thin and plastic structure allows the use of penofol in the most inaccessible places.

How to insulate the floor in a wooden house yourself

A house built from wood can be made using different technologies, depending on the wishes of the owner, climatic conditions, the proximity of groundwater, etc. Therefore, the methods used for floor insulation also differ. The following are the most common of them.

Remember that major work on a building made of wood can only be carried out after its complete shrinkage, which lasts at least 1 year. If fresh saw cuts were used during construction, the process can take up to 5 years.

With a low underground

Since it is impossible to carry out work from below from the basement due to the low height of the ceiling, the existing flooring will have to be dismantled, which makes the method laborious. If the replacement of the floor cloth is not included in your plans, then you need to perform the work carefully so as not to damage it and avoid problems during the reverse mounting process.

• look around appearance log and remove those that are damaged or defective, and instead fix the bars of the same size. Use self-tapping screws to connect structural elements.
• Next, you need to start preparing the subfloor. To do this, take an unedged board and dissolve it into parts that will be less than a lag step, by about 1-2 cm. This is necessary so that the parts are not laid end-to-end.
• When the collection of the subfloor is over, it is necessary to close the flooring and logs from above with a vapor barrier layer.
• After - install the logs for the construction of the finished floor and place the selected insulation between them, covering it with another layer of vapor barrier.
• Determine if you need an additional counter batten. If there is a gap of 20 mm even without it, feel free to lay the previously dismantled floorboards.

If you work in a room with high humidity, replace the vapor barrier layer with a waterproof layer.

By a similar principle, the floor is insulated in a wooden house on screw piles, with the exception that between wooden base(mounted skeleton) and thermal insulation, a layer of wind protection is laid, which is necessary to prevent weathering of the insulating raw materials.

Above the cellar

With such a task, it will be convenient to carry out work in a non-standard way, and insulate the floor from the underground:

• To do this, you need to go down to the cellar and attach a moisture-proof film to the ceiling from below.
• Further, a beam or a thin crate is attached to both sides of the beams, but if the room is damp, a galvanized plasterboard profile is used.
• The insulation is cut to a size slightly larger than the lag pitch (up to 30 mm), due to which it is tightly placed between them, leaving no gaps.
• Cross rails are attached to the previously fixed support beam or material used instead of it to support the insulator, a waterproofing layer is applied to them and top coat at the discretion of the owner.

According to this scheme, insulation is placed on the side of the first floor.

On the concrete floor

In a wooden house concrete floors there are two ways to carry out the process of warming: traditionally - on logs and by equipping a screed. The choice depends only on the funds allocated for materials and work. More often they choose the first option - due to the speed of its execution, where a plank flooring is obtained at the finish.

It is much easier to make a concrete slab warm - it initially has a flat surface, and the weight of the entire insulating layer does not matter.

Using the first method, it is necessary to mount a crate on concrete that replaces logs using bars. It is between them that there will be a heater. Boards are fastened with anchors. Their thickness depends on the type of insulation, so you need to make all measurements in advance. At the end, a finishing floor is laid. Between wooden structure and a layer of vapor barrier spreads over the overlap. If the latter is not available, you can use a thin plastic film.

Insulation of a reinforced concrete slab under a screed is even easier. The best option thermal insulation is expanded polystyrene or the so-called "Penoplex". It is attached to reinforced concrete, and all the cracks formed are blown out with foam. Further, either a screed of reinforcing mesh and concrete is installed, or OSB, drywall or plywood flooring is laid, on which the finish coating is subsequently mounted.

The above preparation is suitable for the formation of a "warm floor" system of any type: electric or water.

If you use a layer of expanded clay instead of polystyrene, you can significantly reduce the cost of construction. A layer of supernova isolon and penofol will be reliable and of high quality.

Arrangement of a double floor

It should be noted that this option is only suitable for rooms with high ceilings, in small rooms, it will take up a lot of space (up to 20 cm).

But on the other hand, such a technology will make it possible to insulate the floor in an old wooden house without dismantling the already lying floor. For its implementation you will need:

• Dismantle skirting boards and prepare the supporting surface - replace damaged areas, seal cracks and cracks with mounting foam.
• By analogy with other options, after the formation of a high-quality subfloor, logs are laid in increments of 60-90 cm. If the flooring is planned from OSB, 30-40 cm will be enough.
• In this case, you need to use the level, and in places of inconsistencies, file the upper edges of the beams with a planer.
• After providing a flat surface, the base is covered with a moisture-proof layer with a 10-centimeter margin on the walls.
• The selected type of insulation is laid between the lags and covered with waterproofing.
• After - the flooring and the selected cladding option are mounted.
• At the very end, the missing skirting boards are screwed on - this way you can mount the insulation from above - without opening the floor.

Regardless of which insulation is chosen: bulk, roll, slab - it is important between it and flooring leave a gap for ventilation. If the height of the lag was not enough for this, a counter-lattice is formed.

№	Floor board thickness, mm	Distance between lags, cm
1	20	30
2	25	40
3	30	50
4	35	60
5	40	70
6	45	80
7	50	100

Results

Now you know how to properly insulate the floor in the house. Estimate the height of the room, inspect the condition of the existing flooring, plan methods and decide on a heat insulator in advance. Choose only quality materials from trusted manufacturers and when carrying out work, follow the instructions clearly - then the design will reliably and long serve you and future generations.

How to insulate the floor video instruction

Floor insulation in a wooden house: 15 better ways

The coldest surface of the house, of course, is the floor. This usually applies to the first least protected floor of the building, as well as separate wooden houses. Why is the floor in a lower-rise apartment always cold? This is due to the fact that the air rushes down. Drafts are blowing from under the floor below. To minimize heat loss, the floor in the house has to be insulated.

Such a procedure is especially necessary in houses with a classic eco-friendly wooden deck. Even if you lay wood elements (boards) tightly to each other, they will dry out over time. From the crevices will certainly begin to see through. This will naturally lead to heat loss.

Also read articles:

The following sequence of work awaits you.

• Installing a log made of wood (it is important to do this correctly).
• Fixing boards and wooden shields(on lags). Such a coating will serve as a necessary auxiliary base. It will need to lay a heater.
• Between the lags - laying insulation. Pack material tightly. Either sealant or high-quality mounting foam fill the gaps formed between the existing lags and the sheets to be laid.
• Lay the vapor barrier material on the insulation. Attach the vapor barrier to the joists. At the same time, it is better to seal the gaps and joints with metallized tape.
• Laying wooden floor cladding with finishing - the final stage.

Before designing the thermal insulation layer, decide on the thickness of the selected material. The latter will depend on climatic conditions, on the type of insulation.

For each case, thermal insulation is selected individually.

How to insulate the floor in a wooden house: the choice of material

The quality of thermal insulation of the flooring directly depends on the right choice of material. Today, the Russian construction market has a rich selection of heat insulators.

Penoplex, stone and mineral wool, expanded polystyrene and often used fiberglass are popular types of thermal insulation. Each of them has its pros and cons. Which one is better?

1. Fiberglass, stone and mineral wool - these materials have good thermal protection properties and excellent sound absorption. If you want to lay insulation in one layer, then use roll or mats. The latter are considered more elastic and durable material. the site advises laying insulation elements between the lags or under the rough flooring. Both options are acceptable.
2. Penoplex and expanded polystyrene can also be used. At the same time, they will please with a democratic price, high thermal insulation of the structure and durability. From these materials, thermal insulation is carried out by spraying. This is an efficient, fairly fast and economical method. This method is most often used in new homes.

Expanded polystyrene advantage:

• minimal water absorption, and, accordingly, resistance to water;
• excellent thermal insulation qualities;
• form stability;
• high strength material;
• volume stability;
• long service life;
• biological resistance;
• immunity to various microorganisms;
• the material is environmentally friendly.

Benefits of mineral wool:

• the material is low in density;
• the level of thermal conductivity is negligible;
• long service life;
• democratic price;
• incombustibility;
• environmentally friendly material;
• high level of water repellency;
• high chemical resistance.

All of the above materials meet environmental requirements:

• The better the polystyrene foam, the more environmentally friendly it is. It must be dried well so that no volatile compounds remain in the material. Otherwise, at elevated temperatures, they can poison a person. Styrene can cause toxic hepatitis, rare leukemia, etc.
• You can fit into the tight framework of ecology using fiberglass or mineral wool, provided that these materials use harmless resins. Phenol-formaldehyde resins, which are undesirable, can be identified by the brown or yellow tint of the material.

Durability of thermal insulation

Various qualities have to be taken into account when choosing a particular material. For example, with a certain load on the heat-protective layer, it will no longer be able to restore its original volume - some of the fibers will simply break. That is why such raw materials do not adhere tightly to the logs and floor beams. As a result, cold bridges are inevitably created on structures. Condensation can also appear where the thermal insulation does not fit snugly.

In order not to miscalculate the choice and buy a good quality insulation, press on a small piece of it (for example, step on it). If after such a test it takes its former shape, then it suits you. If it remains crumpled and flat, then it is best to refuse such a product.

Is it possible to improve thermal insulation qualities? When warming, you can not do with mats alone. Often used insulated finishes: heat-insulating linoleums, two-layer carpets .. Other materials can also not be neglected. The first floor can be made warmer by insulating the foundation. Basements should be carefully checked and all cracks sealed.

We warm the wooden floor along the logs

Most often, floor insulation in a wooden house is realized through the use of logs. It is quite simple to implement and yet very effective. In any case, you can eliminate significant heat losses. This method is especially relevant for the basement and first floor - where the floors are closest to the ground.

The technology goes like this:

• Install on the base of the T-shaped log. Observe the step in meters.
• Then fix the boards or shields on which to lay the insulation in the future. They must be fixed on a special type of cranial bars or hemmed from below.
• Then lay the insulation on the flooring between the joists.
• Next, you have to take care of the vapor and waterproofing. True, the need for this procedure arises only in individual cases. It all depends on the type of insulation. So, this procedure will be relevant if you use ecowool or mineral wool. Lay vapor barrier sheets overlapping fifteen centimeters. On the wall, its edges should “climb” about ten centimeters. For waterproofing, you can use both a simple plastic film and a special kind of material.
• The final stage is installation and finishing flooring.

Important! You can also make thermal insulation of the floor along the logs, which are laid on even brick columns. Insulation plates must be laid between these posts (polystyrene, fiberglass, mineral wool). The insulation layer must be covered with a layer of vapor barrier on top.

The constant advantage of thermal insulation along the lags is the ease of work. At the same time, the method is very effective. The insulation does not experience mechanical load, therefore, any of the heat-insulating materials can be used.

What are the materials for floor insulation

Of course, choosing a heater is not easy. You can make the floor warmer different ways using different materials:

• isolon;
• polyurethane foam;
• polystyrene;
• penofol;
• mineral, glass, stone, slag wool;
• ecowool.

For this purpose, sawdust, polystyrene foam, expanded clay are perfect. The choice depends on the characteristics of the material, personal preferences and financial capabilities.

We warm the draft floor

The whole procedure is carried out according to the logs.

• Fasten to the sides of the fixed log bars.
• Fix the boards on them with screws or nails. The latter in length should correspond to the distance between the lags.
• When an integral surface is formed, lay a vapor barrier on top: plastic film, glassine or some other material.
• Next, lay the insulation between the lags.
• Check that there are no gaps.
• Next - another layer of vapor barrier. The draft floor is ready.

We warm the floor with sawdust

Sawdust is one of the commonplace types of insulation. Its main advantage is low cost and ease of filling. Insulation can penetrate even the most inaccessible places. It is also important to mention that this material is environmentally friendly. In the role of a heater, sawdust can be used not only in its pure form, but also mixed with building materials.

Pellets and sawdust pellets

This is a granular insulation made from a mixture of sawdust, glue based on carboxymethyl cellulose and a flame retardant antiseptic. Thanks to such components, the insulation is not only an excellent heat insulator, but also antiseptic, flame retardant.

sawdust concrete

It can be obtained by mixing sawdust (mainly with coniferous) with cement, sand and water. It is similar to slag concrete in terms of thermal conductivity. This is an environmentally friendly material that requires good waterproofing (because it contains sawdust).

Arbolit

Such a material can be obtained by mixing cement with the required chemical components and organic aggregates (wood chips). Usually plates are made from this material. They have good heat and sound insulation properties. This insulation is non-combustible, easy to process, durable.

Main disadvantage- "not indifferent" to moisture.

Of all the above materials, sawdust most often acts as a heater (without adding impurities).

We warm the floor with mineral wool

This is a very common, popular type of insulation. It can be slag, stone, glass. Absolute incombustibility is one of the main advantages. The advantages also include: chemical and biological resistance, thermal and noise protection properties.

It is necessary to mention the disadvantages: low vapor permeability and mechanical strength.

The material is hygroscopic, resulting in a decrease in thermal insulation properties. Pay close attention to the vapor barrier layer when installing mineral wool. Such material also cannot be called absolutely safe for human health.

It is sold in slabs and mats. The last form is made from hydrophobized mineral wool. The blue stripe marks the hard side of the slab. Please note that the marking must face up when laying. Among manufacturers Rockwool and Izovol are the most popular.

Based on mineral fibres. "Izovol" has low thermal conductivity. It has much more hydrophobic efficiency. In addition, it is chemically and biologically resistant, non-flammable.

Basaltic mineral insulation- This is Rockwool brand material:

• resistant to mechanical stress;
• during operation does not shrink and practically does not deform;
• chemically and biologically resistant, non-combustible;
• low thermal conductivity of the flooring;
• well absorbs sounds due to the porous structure.
• excellent sound deadening properties.

Insulation of floors with mineral slabs (video)

We warm the floor with penofol

A new type of thermal insulation material. It hasn't gained much popularity yet.

This is a multilayer material that is supplied in rolls and consists of a reflective layer (aluminum foil) and insulation (almost any insulation). For example, foamed polyethylene.

The classic version of this insulation is just polyethylene foam, which is fastened with foil. However, this option cannot satisfy all the requirements of modern construction. That is why various types of penofol were invented.

More high density has a classic penofol. It can withstand higher mechanical loads. Insulation can also be used as a hydro and vapor barrier. It will show itself perfectly in tandem with heaters of a different composition.

Penofol comes with two- and one-sided foiling.

Penofol-2000 became a progressive version of penofol. Foamed gas-filled polyethylene is used here as a basis. It costs less than its classic representative.

There is penofol and type "C" - self-adhesive. It is multi-layered: polyethylene foam, contact adhesive (moisture resistant) with release film, aluminum foil. Such a heater can be fixed on any (with a few exceptions) surface thanks to glue. Accordingly, it is very easy and fast to mount it.

The material is laid on the surface of the base. Sheets can be laid either end-to-end or overlapped. The joints must be glued with metallic tape. If you use penofol, then you do not need to perform hydro and vapor barrier. Everything will be provided by aluminum foil. We recommend that you read the material about.

We insulate the floor with foam

Also one of the leading types of insulation. Possesses:

• low vapor permeability;
• significant fire resistance;
• high strength;
• low thermal conductivity;
• chemical and biological resistance;
• does not mold;
• unsuitable for rodents;
• high operating layer.

The disadvantages include the fact that it absorbs moisture, losing some of its properties. When using such a heater, attention should be paid to hydro and vapor barrier.

For insulation, both foamed and extruded foam are suitable. The latter has a solid structure - a mass of closed cells filled with gas molecules.

Of course, insulation has both pros and cons. The advantages include hygroscopicity, low thermal conductivity, durability, fire safety. By cons - a harmful effect on the human body.

We warm the floor with ecowool

This heater is made from natural materials. It consists of 78-81% waste paper, the rest is natural additives - a mixture of cellulose fibers. The binder is the organic antiseptic lignin, as well as boric acid.

The main advantage of ecowool is safety for humans. The advantages also include:

• fire safety (smoldering, not burning);
• low thermal conductivity;
• after drying, it restores the properties of thermal insulation.

The disadvantages include the high cost.

Ecowool can be applied to the surface in different ways:

• manually. Slabs of cotton wool will need to be laid between the bars on shields or boards hemmed from below. The main thing is to lay the insulation tightly and process the joints with mounting foam;
• with the help of special devices - mobile blowing machines. Under the influence of pressure, the insulation is supplied through the hose. There are two ways here: dry (ecowool is blown into the floor cavity) and wet (ecowool is applied to the walls).

Laying ecowool (video)

We insulate the floor with isolon

New generation heater. It is made from expanded polyethylene foam. Izolon was developed taking into account the new requirements for thermal insulation of the floor. Has a number of advantages:

• small thickness - 2.1-10.0 cm. It is noteworthy that the level of thermal conductivity does not increase;
• goes well with any material. Ideal for any gender;
• does not absorb moisture;
• does not rot, protects from the negative effects of moisture and steam;
• high service life;
• environmentally friendly material;
• suitable for any room;
• small thickness. This saves a lot of space.

We insulate the floor with polyurethane foam

This insulation (hard and soft) can be obtained from isocyanate and polyol components.

Cellular in structure polyurethane foam (bubbles are filled with gas and air), provides low thermal conductivity, has a low weight. For a number of properties, it is considered one of the the best materials for thermal insulation.

It is necessary to apply insulation to the surface by spraying. You will have to use special equipment. Polyurethane foam adheres perfectly to any material. A layer of vapor barrier is not needed.

PPU floor insulation (video)

double floors

An efficient heating solution. The subfloor is used as the first layer (unhewn boards that are attached to the beams). There shouldn't be any gaps.

Try to fit all the boards tightly together. Finishing flooring is mounted from above. Even a topcoat made of decorative materials will do.

Often, instead of a draft base, a variety of flooring is used: embossed or smooth coverings with a high level of thermal insulation.

Said material does not accumulate debris. Dust and motes can be removed from it with a vacuum cleaner or swept away. The coating must be glued to the floor with an adhesive. You need to glue in separate strips. Don't forget to glue the seams too.

We warm the floor of fiberboard

For floor insulation, standard DV plates are sometimes used. Such slabs can be placed under the roughing boards or under the finishing flooring (parquet, linoleum, carpet, etc.).

The main thing is to act carefully and do the installation in stages. Observe the alignment of the joints, avoid the formation of cracks.

The type of plates can be different:

• PT-100;
• M-20.

These options will not allow cold to enter the house. Fiberboard for insulation can be used in combination with other heat insulators. For example, with mineral wool.

Underfloor heating system

The mentioned system is especially relevant for floors based on cold cement screed, which need good heating.

The system will evenly heat the floor surface. As a result - comfortable thermal conditions throughout the room. The level of humidity in the house will drop significantly. For the first floor of an eco-friendly wooden house, water is especially relevant. You can get acquainted with the material about.

• lay concrete slabs on the floor base or;
• lay any kind of insulation. Its thickness should not be less than two centimeters and more than ten;
• lay a reinforcing mesh;
• attach the piping system to the grid with plastic clamps;
• fill the floor with a cement-sand mixture;
• use a backing if necessary;
• install the finish coat.

You can find out about the device and installation technology.

We create an electric floor heating system

Installing it is much easier. Cable structures, safe film infrared elements are used here as heating.

The cable can, if necessary, be stretched on a metal mesh, which is previously needed. Film elements can be attached directly to the screed, insulated with some kind of heat insulator.

We invite you to find out by reading the relevant article on our website.

A variety of heaters can confuse buyers. We list some of the most common types of heat insulators:

• Thermolife. This material is usually used for small loads on the heat-insulating layer. Most often, they insulate walls, roofs, interfloor space. Equally well applicable on planes of different inclination.
• Ursa. A popular heater among specialists. Especially common in the decoration of horizontal surfaces. Advantages: good heat and sound insulation properties.
• Insulate. Produced in China. Is issued in rolls. High quality at a low price. It will find application in various fields.

You can insulate the floor in many ways and independently. The choice is great. Dare!