Thinking about building a house with their own efforts, people try to choose construction materialthat is easy to work with. In the modern construction market, you can see a large selection of new materials suitable for the construction of a building. Among the building materials that are popular with consumers, one of the first places is occupied by gas silicate blocks... To make a house strong, reliable, you need to know how to lay the gas silicate blocks correctly, which solution to use and how to calculate the required amount of material for your project.

Gas silicate construction technology

It is possible to build your own house from gas silicate blocks even if you have only basic knowledge of construction technologies, but there is hard work and enthusiasm. To build walls, you will need the following tools and materials:

1. To dilute the glue, you need a container, a perforator whorl.
2. You can apply the glue with a special bucket or a notched trowel.
3. A hacksaw with a large tooth will help to cut the block into pieces of the desired size.
4. Irregularities can be leveled with coarse emery.
5. Broom brush.
6. Metal square, level.
7. Sand and cement mortar.
8. Gas silicate blocks of D400 or D500 brands.
9. Mineral wool vapor-proof insulation.
10. Masonry fiberglass mesh or reinforcing bars.

Calculation of the required number of blocks

You can calculate the total number of gas silicate blocks by calculating the volume of all walls of the house according to the project.

A more accurate calculation is carried out for each wall separately. To do this, you need to take the dimensions of the wall from the project, and the dimensions of the gas silicate block will become known when purchasing it. Knowing the width of the block and the length of the wall, it is fashionable to calculate the number of blocks per row of masonry. If half a block is needed, it counts as a whole block. The number of rows of masonry is calculated in the same way. The number of rows is multiplied by the resulting number of blocks in one row. The final number is the number of blocks per wall.

If there are openings of doors and windows in the wall, an approximate calculation is also made. Then, having counted the blocks for each wall, add up all the numbers.

Masonry

Note! The strength and reliability of the entire building structure depends on the accuracy and quality of the first row of masonry.

The finished foundation must be covered with a waterproofing layer, on top with a masonry mesh, and use a regular mortar for laying the starting row of construction. Then you need to check the corners of the building for a difference in height, it should not be higher than 30 mm. If the corners are not at the same level, the brickwork must be started from the highest corner.

The first row is designed to equalize the errors in pouring the foundation, therefore, the thickness of the solution in different places may differ, but should not be less than 20 mm. Next, the corner blocks are installed and connected with a cord. The level of the stretched cord is checked; it must be strictly horizontal. If the length of the walls is more than 10 meters, it is necessary to lay intermediate blocks in order to prevent the sagging of the cord.

Use a rubber mallet to correct the vertical and horizontal position of the blocks. Irregularities in the masonry are removed with emery. A broom brush is used to remove dust and dirt. If you need a part of the block, then cut it with an electric saw or a hand hacksaw.

Further, the laying of blocks is performed using an adhesive solution. A dry mixture of fine sand, Portland cement and special additives is supplied to the construction site. It is necessary to carefully read the instructions for preparing a high-quality solution of the required consistency. The thickness of the bonding layer should be no more than 3 mm.

Note! Before applying glue to the blocks, they must be thoroughly cleaned and moistened with water to ensure good adhesion.

The walls are laid during the warm season. For construction in cold weather, it is necessary to use winter glue. The glue is applied to the blocks with a notched trowel over a width equal to the width of the surface of the gas silicate block. The layer should be uniform on both the vertical and horizontal sides of the block. After applying the adhesive layer, the block surface should be grooved. It is not necessary to fill the gaps between the grip pockets and between the ridge and the groove with mortar.

The second row of blocks must be laid with a half offset to get a bandage between the rows. All rows are laid from the corner block. The position of each block must be controlled with a level and corrected with a hammer. All joints must be filled with glue to avoid shrinkage cracks. Excess glue is removed with a trowel.

If you use for self-construction tongue-and-groove blocks, you will not need to perform vertical reinforcement. For horizontal reinforcement on the surface of gas silicate blocks of a laid row, longitudinal grooves are made along the perimeter and fiberglass rods or just a masonry mesh are placed in them.

Note! At the top of the door and window openings first, metal corners are laid with a length exceeding the width of the opening by at least 40 cm, and then the laying of blocks is continued.

Installation of floors

After the laying of the walls is almost completed and only the last row remains to be done, it is necessary to arrange a monolithic reinforced concrete belt instead of blocks. This approach will help to evenly distribute the load from hollow-core or cellular concrete slabs to all load-bearing walls.

Gas silicate wall decoration

For exterior decoration use special ventilated systems or materials characterized by high vapor permeability. A gap is left between the facade brick masonry and the gas silicate wall. Connect two masonry with flexible ties. If you prefer to use for facade works paints, fillers or plaster mixes, make sure that they are designed for working with gas silicate.

The interior is designed with breathable materials. Walls made of gas silicate blocks can be covered with wallpaper or painted water-based paint... For a bathroom, bathroom, kitchen, you must first lay a vapor barrier or soak the walls with a special solution. When used for bathroom decoration ceramic tile, no vapor barrier is needed.

Note! Internal walls can be putty no earlier than two months after the completion of construction.

Work on the facade of the building can only begin when all internal finishing processes have been completed. Ventilated systems are the only exception. They can be installed immediately after construction is completed.

Video

You can find out more about the installation of gas silicate blocks below:

What are gas silicate blocks
Are you building a house and do not know what material to build external walls or internal partitions from? Pay attention to gas silicate blocks, their features, characteristics, capabilities. All this and a lot of interesting things can be learned from this article.

Laying of gas silicate blocks

Prices

The basic cost of masonry of gas silicate blocks is 1800 rubles per 1 cubic meter. meter. Find out the exact prices by phone.

The modern building materials market offers a wide range of products that allow you to build structures as reliably and efficiently as possible. Our company is a leader in this industry and offers services that include building walls at competitive prices. Our bricklayers have extensive experience, which makes it possible to carry out the installation of partitions in the Moscow region in a short time.

Masonry price for 1 gas silicate block

Block size (mm)	Volume of 1 gas silicate block (cubic meters)	Number of gas silicate blocks (pcs.) In 1 cubic meter	Masonry price for 1 block
625x 100 x 250	0,020	50	97
625 x 150 x 250	0,013	80	97
625 x 200 x 250	0,030	33,3	54
625 x 250 x 250	0,038	26,32	68
625 x 250 x 300	0,050	20	90
625 x 250 x 300	0,045	22,22	81
625 x 250 x 375	0,063	16	106
625 x 250 x 400	0,063	16	113
625x 250 x 500	0,080	12,5	144
600 x 200 x 300	0,036	28	64
600 x 200 x 400	0,048	21	86

Masonry services for gas silicate blocks

All work is carried out with high quality and highly professional. If you are planning to build a house in the Moscow region, then we can offer you favorable terms of cooperation.

The laying of gas silicate blocks when building a house is the best option in a region such as the Moscow region. The properties of such blocks are at the highest level. Their use will significantly reduce your construction costs and ensure reliability.

Masonry technology for gas silicate blocks

Gas silicate blocks are used in the construction of both bearing walls and internal partitions.

Block stacking tools

The solution is usually prepared in a plastic bucket using a stirrer on an electric drill. The solution is applied with trowels of different widths. Blocks are leveled in place with a mallet or rubber mallet. Control the position of the block with a building level. If the length of the wall and gas silicate blocks is not multiplicity, the whole block is cut into pieces of the required size. To do this, use a marking square, hacksaw, plane (or grater). To lay wires (or pipes), you need a tool for cutting grooves, through holes (and blind holes) are made with drills or crowns. Dust and shavings are removed with a soft brush.

For laying gas silicate blocks, an adhesive mixture or a cement-sand mixture (ratio 1: 3) is used

Laying gas silicate blocks

Before the first layer, waterproofing must be made. To do this, a layer of roofing material is laid under the first row of blocks on a cement-sand mortar. The solution is also placed on roofing material. The first row of blocks is placed on this layer.

Cement-sand mortar can also be used when laying blocks, but the seam should not be 1-2 cm thicker, and if the weather is dry, then for better adhesion, the block surface is moistened. But it is better to use an adhesive mixture, because a cement-sand joint gives a large heat loss.

First row masonry

Laying the first row should be done with great care, because this row is a kind of foundation for the entire wall. Begin laying from the corner, aligning the corner blocks with the guides relative to the corners.

After that, the blocks are stacked tightly to each other, continuing the horizontal row and taking into account the guides. For the evenness of the outer walls, stakes are hammered along their perimeter with a step of 1.5 - 2 m and a string is pulled over them. The guides control the correct laying of blocks horizontally and at the bend. The inner partition starts from the side wall. Waterproofing is not done, but the markings are made along the walls and floor using a tape measure and a level.

Having installed the corner block, glue is applied to the side faces of the first (and second) block.

The laid block is checked with a level for correct laying; if necessary, it is leveled with a mallet or rubber hammer. All irregularities are removed with a plane and a float, and debris - dust and small fragments - is gently swept away with a soft brush.

Glue preparation

Good adhesion of the glue is ensured by a seam with a minimum thickness of no more than 2-3 mm, which improves the thermal insulation of the walls. The glue has high strength, and this allows it to be used both when laying aerated concrete (aerated concrete) and when decorating walls with tiles.

Preparation of glue: Water is poured into a plastic bucket, the dry mixture is added and, at low speeds, thoroughly stir with an electric drill until smooth. The ratio of dry mixture and water is strictly observed, because this ratio is not the same for different manufacturers.

The quality of the glue is checked on a separate block - glue is applied to it with a notched trowel. If the mixture is easy to apply and the grooves do not merge, then this mixture is correct. The glue protruding from the seams is removed with the even side of the trowel, but do not rub.

Laying of subsequent rows of gas silicate blocks

The second row starts from the corner. If the corner block of the first row lies to the right with the long side, then the block of the second row with the long side should start the row to the left and vice versa. This alternation gives structural strength. Glue is applied to the top surface of the first row, then the first block is placed, and glue is applied to the side surfaces of the first and second blocks.

As the wall grows, check the masonry with a plumb line or laser level... The technology for laying blocks is the same as for ordinary bricks, although the robot is much lighter due to the lower weight of the blocks.

When laying, a smaller block is often needed. Then the standard block is cut with a saw. It is better to use an electric saw as it is easier to make round, beveled and curved cuts.

Soundproofing properties of walls. The type of masonry can change heat and sound insulation. A wall of blocks 50 cm thick gives the same insulation as a brick wall of 1 m.

Despite the seeming simplicity of working with aerated concrete, masonry walls from this material must be maintained in accordance with specific requirements, some of which are regulated by SNiP.

First of all, this applies to the solution used for this, it is not recommended to use ordinary cement, but exclusively factory-made glue or made according to a special recipe directly on the site.

According to the requirements of GOST construction of buildings is allowed with load-bearing walls made of aerated concrete, up to 20 m high, but exclusively from autoclaved material characterized by
higher strength characteristics, in contrast to hydration.

But mostly aerated concrete construction rarely carried over more than three floorsOver the past decade, this material has become a real hit with private developers, who, moreover, often work on their own.

Types of aerated concrete masonry

Aerated concrete can be used to build both load-bearing walls and internal partitions... The load-bearing masonry can be either single-row or multi-row, and the inner walls, with rare exceptions, are always made in one row.
Most often, single-row masonry and load-bearing, and interior walls performed by the method of ordinal chain dressing... When performing a dressing, you must adhere to the following rules:

• offset blocks of the next row must be at least 2/5 of the height of the block itself, provided that their height is within 250 mm;
• if the blocks are more than 250 mm high, then the offset must be at least 1/5 of this value.

For double or multi-row masonry using a vertical bandaging technique, the value of which is 1/5 of the width (thickness) of the wall.

But it can also be applied method of bandaging masonry with stitching rows, for example, according to this scheme: two spoon rows are tied with one butt, or three spoon - one butt.

And if you plan to bandage the masonry in which blocks with different widths, then the thickness of the masonry itself should be taken into account to determine the depth of the dressing - it should be 1/5 of this value.
Double masonry can and have no vertical bandage... But this option, as a rule, implies the device of internal thermal insulation between the rows.

Connecting fixing elements of such masonry fittings protrude, which is made of metal rods, with anti-corrosion treatment, most often it is hot-dip galvanizedproviding a reliable protective layer of at least 0.2 mm.

You can use and stainless steel, but this leads to an increase in the cost of construction, or fiberglass, which have sufficient strength properties for operation under conditions of constant compressive-tensile loads of the material.

Reinforcement of masonry

When building houses from aerated concrete, it is necessary to ensure the stability of the foundation, if possible, exclude the occurrence of shrinkage processes that contribute to cracking of blocks. But completely it is impossible to exclude shrinkage, especially if construction is carried out on moving soils or the groundwater level is located close enough to the surface. Therefore, there is a need to reinforce the masonry, and under the floors they are arranged monolithic reinforced concrete belts.

First row of masonry

Before laying the first row of gas blocks, the following operations must be performed:

• arrange reliable horizontal waterproofing, which is a dividing element between the foundation and the wall;
• as a waterproofing agent can be used as sheet materials - roofing material or other bituminous products, as well as various mastics, solutions;
• check the levels of all corners of the building, taking into account that the maximum permissible difference in heights between them should be no more than the thickness of the seam, that is, 2-3 mm, otherwise, it is necessary to level the levels mechanically - cutting off the top layer of the foundation;
• the first block should be installed at the highest angle, and adjust the levels of the rest according to it with the help of cement mortar, which experts recommend using for laying the first row;
• then pull the orientation cords for each side of the building and along them, lay the entire row, and then moving them up, lay all subsequent rows, observing the rules for dressing.

Building a box at home

• after laying the next row, its horizontal and vertical level are checked;
• for checking the vertical level at the corners of the masonry special plumb lines are installed;
• before proceeding with the laying of the next row, the surface of the previous one is leveled horizontally, thoroughly cleaned from the remnants of glue and construction dust that has got on it; at the same time, it should be borne in mind that the glue should not be rubbed, but it is necessary to wait for it to set and remove by cutting.

Tools and materials that will definitely be needed when laying walls from aerated concrete blocks

Must be will take care of the capacity in which the masonry adhesive will be prepared. The most convenient is small plastic containers, since, due to the rather quick setting, the solution need to cook often enough, but in small portions.
You will also need to acquire:

• drill with mixer attachment, for stirring the solution;
• notched trowel for leveling glue over the block surface;
• mortar application spatula or with a trowel;
• rubber mallet "mallet" to adjust the location of the block;
• grater and / or planefor leveling the horizontal surface of blocks;
• hacksaw for cutting blocks;
• level;
• cord for marking and displaying beacons;
• chasing cutter;
• with a small broom or brush for cleaning the block surface from dust;
• a bucket or other container for clean water, which will be required to wet the aerated concrete if the air temperature exceeds 25 ° C or to remove dust from the surface.

Of materials, in addition to the aerated concrete blocks themselves, need to prepare glue, components for the preparation of cement mortar for the first row, purchase fittings in sufficient quantities. You should also take care of foundation waterproofing materials... It is necessary to provide access to a source with clean water for the preparation of an adhesive composition and prepare materials for the manufacture of scaffolding or take care of their rental in advance.

Some nuances and rules for working with aerated concrete blocks

Work with aerated concrete blocks suggests compliance with certain rules, which ultimately make it much easier to work with this material. First of all, you need:

Video

Calculating the cost of masonry

So, how much does the laying of aerated concrete blocks cost? Of course, building from large-sized blocks is much faster, and the lack of the need for specialized equipment allows you to reduce costs.

Before you start building a house, a complete and detailed calculation of all costs should be performed, the lion's share of which is the cost of building material. Funds will also be required for the purchase of glue, fittings, tools, etc. But before that, care should be taken to arrange a reliable foundation and its waterproofing.

Further, the expenditure part is replenished: transportation of blocks, their loading / unloading... To complete the masonry of the box at home, you can attract professional specialists or if you have at least minimal construction experience and the necessary tools, take a chance and do it yourself. In the first case, it is necessary take into account labor costs, which are calculated on the basis of the cubic volume of construction, the average cost of 1m³ of masonry is from 1200 to 2500 rubles.

Sometimes it is possible to optimize costs, in case if the purchase of blocks is carried out in the company providing free transportation to the construction site, and sometimes unloading. In some cases, it is possible to agree with the workers themselves for a small surcharge to include the unloading of gas blocks in the list of their work.

You can save a lot, if you build with your own hands, but in this case you need to be completely confident in your abilities, otherwise the ghostly benefit will turn into quite tangible additional costs.

After it is a full cost estimate has been made for the construction of a box of aerated concrete, you should provide from 15 to 25% of this amount for unforeseen expenses. And then you can safely start building.

Gas silicate blocks are a modern building material that is gradually replacing expensive piece bricks. The fact that the house turns out to be almost half the price makes developers think, especially when it comes to building a private house. At the same time, the laying of gas silicate blocks is not difficult, but some observance of technological nuances is required, and this will help step-by-step instruction, videos from professionals and the correct calculation of materials. The rest is in the hands of the user who decides to build his own house without much financial and labor costs.

Gas silicate blocks: a little about the material

The piece construction product is a durable porous material in the form of a cube, shown for the arrangement of external load-bearing and internal wall panels, partitions. With a large list positive qualities, the bars provide fast and high-quality laying. The pluses of the material include:

• Accuracy of shapes and sizes;
• High rates of energy saving;
• Light weight.

Important! Gas silicate block masonry is a monolithic wall panel that requires mandatory finishing.

The convenience of working with the material lies in the ease of processing: blocks can be sawed to create a curved configuration. At the same time, the product does not lose its strength and quality characteristics. But before starting construction, one should understand the technological nuances of laying gas silicate blocks. The price of the bars is low, but with the slightest violation of the specifics of building a house, you will have to buy additional material and then you can forget about saving.

Layout methods

The following options for laying gas silicate blocks with their own hands are distinguished:

• For cement mortar;
• Installation of blocks with glue.

The second option is also called the "dry" method. And the secret lies in the reduced thickness of the seam: when bonded with cement mortar, the width of the interblock seam is 6-10 mm, on an adhesive basis this indicator is halved, which means that the wall panel acquires increased strength, solidity and quality. Moreover, laying walls made of gas silicate blocks on glue, according to professionals, is a way to save money - the consumption of the adhesive composition per 1m3 of masonry is much less than the consumption of a solution from a mixture of cement, sand and water (at least 5 times). Despite the fact that glue is more expensive, preliminary calculation and the benefits of reducing seams are recommended to choose the glue option.

Features of laying technology

To do the work with my own hands, you will need a masonry tool and perform the following operations:

• Solution preparation (container, electric drill with attachments);
• Application of the composition (trowel, trowel with teeth);
• Block alignment (plumb line, level, wooden hammer);
• Block surface treatment (marking square, saw, equipment for cutting construction grooves, grater);
• Garbage collection (broom, brush).

A wall chaser is also useful to strengthen block rows. The glue is prepared strictly according to the instructions. As a rule, the mixture includes components of fractional sand, additives of chemical composition, Portland cement. Manufacturers often enrich the compositions with elements that preserve thermal insulation qualities, which impart greater strength to the seam, which minimizes the risk of cracking.

Important! You need to prepare the glue before laying the gas silicate blocks. Water is first poured into the container, and only then dry powder is poured. Kneading is carried out until the consistency begins to resemble a paste. The ripening of the mixture requires 5-7 minutes, but all the properties remain for no more than 1.5 hours.

A few tips from the pros:

1. It is better to choose the mixture of glue that you or your friends have already worked with.
2. The high price of the composition implies the ability to apply a thin layer, therefore, glue for masonry of silicate blocks is not always an alternative to cement. You get down to business for the first time, you understand that the fineness of the layer will not work, choose the laying of the bars on a cement solution.
3. Before work, you need to check the quality of the prepared mixture on one block: apply the composition with a toothed trowel to the side plane, and if the glue is well distributed between the teeth, the grooves do not merge into a single whole, the mixture is completely ready for work.

Block masonry

The technology of building a house implies the presence of a finished foundation with the largest possible leveled surface. Waterproofing of bituminous sheets or polymers is applied to the supporting base and laying can begin.

Important! The first bar rests on the highest corner of the foundation, which is determined by means of a level.

The first row of masonry is considered the most responsible, and professionals advise laying the blocks on a cement solution, simultaneously leveling the surface of the foundation. Taking into account the high hygroscopicity of gas silicate blocks, it is necessary to pre-wet the lower plane of the element so that moisture from the mixture does not absorb too quickly into the block sole, weakening the adhesion of the piece building material to the base.

All subsequent rows must be laid out in the continuation of the horizontal row, but the guides for the external wall panels are mounted around the perimeter. You can use pegs and a string for this. It is worth remembering to level the elements with a wooden hammer, but not by eye, but only according to the level that is included in the listed masonry tool.

Important! The adhesive protruding from the seams does not need to be rubbed, but removed! It is best to use a trowel.

After laying out the row, it is necessary to level the surface, for which a plane is used, and dust and debris are swept away and removed.

Advice from the masters: laying blocks on a cement mortar with a density of 2000 kg / cm2 increases the risk of cold bridges. Therefore, double masonry is recommended, which reduces the possibility of cold spots and ensures a comfortable temperature in the building.

Reinforcement of masonry from gas silicate blocks

After laying every fourth row, the wall must be reinforced. The masonry is reinforced as follows:

1. Stab through the entire row using a chasing cutter with enough depth;
2. Remove dust from the groove;
3. Moisten the hole with water, fill it halfway with glue and lay a metal rod 8 mm in diameter;
4. Fill the strobe with mortar;
5. Remove excess glue with a trowel.

Advice! With a cube thickness of 400 mm, a double reinforcing frame is required. The corners of the groove must be rounded off. In the absence of rods, a reinforcing mesh is used, which is mounted to the blocks with dowels with plastic tips or special fasteners.

Calculation of the amount of required material

The size range of blocks differs in their parameters, so the calculation of the purchase volume can cause some difficulties. To know how to make the calculations correctly, you need the parameters of one block: width * height * length, and the area of \u200b\u200bthe element in cm3 is obtained. Now you need to divide the wall area by the area of \u200b\u200b1 element and you get the amount of material. In this case, you should take into account door and window openings, and also separately consider the goods for external and internal wall panels, since the structures have different widths.

And to understand how many blocks are in 1 m3, the volume of one element (X) is measured and the calculation is made using the formula 1 / x. The final figure will show how many gas silicate blocks are required for 1 m3 of the wall structure.

Advice! Calculations for wall panels for internal and external purposes are made separately and without fail: the number of elements for arranging internal partitions may be different from the figure determined for external walls due to the difference in the parameters of the cube. The formula for the calculation is the same: 1 / x (the volume of one block for internal masonry).

Knowing how to correctly calculate the volume and amount of material, how to lay gas silicate blocks and what is best to use for building a house with your own hands, you can do all the work well and without involving a construction team. The main advantage of the material is ease of installation and ease of use. The glue mixing guide will help you cope with the preparation of the composition, the consumption rate of which is indicated on the package. When choosing masonry material, give preference to a stable and reliable supplier, in this case the efforts to build your own house will please you with the result.

Used in construction various materials, but special cellular concretes are especially popular. The laying of gas silicate blocks does not take much time, the design is of high quality, excellent thermal insulation characteristics.

What does the gas silicate block consist of? It is produced from:

• quartz sand;
• portland cement;
• lime;
• clean water.

Blocks are produced by the factory method, the solution is mixed in special mixers. To obtain a homogeneous mass, a special aluminum powder is added, after which stirring continues. The finished solution is poured into molds, it should lie for a couple of hours while a reaction occurs between the lime and the added powder. This process generates the formation of cells filled with gas - this is how aerated concrete is created. After hardening, the blocks are cut with strings, placed in an autoclave with a pressure of 10-12 bar and a temperature of 190 ° C... Thus, the required material density is achieved.

Masonry walls made of gas silicate blocks can be performed using one of the following methods:

1. Installation using special glue. This option is more preferable, since the glue has the best quality. The thickness of the seam is less, usually it reaches 1 cm, cold bridges are not formed during operation at home. The material consumption is minimal, the work is done quickly and easily. The glue is supplied dry, it only needs to be diluted with water before laying. It is not necessary to knead a large amount of the mixture, it is best to prepare small portions. The glue is inexpensive, so the cost of masonry is acceptable.
2. Aerated concrete masonry can be carried out using conventional cement-sand mortar. In this case, the thickness of the seam is 1-2 cm, the consumption of material increases. The mortar consists of cement and sand, mixed using water. Attention must be paid to the proportions of the components, otherwise the mixture will not provide the required quality. Cement-sand mortar is lower in quality than special glue. When operating a house, the seams form cold bridges, therefore, more thorough wall insulation is required. Saving on mortar does not lead to a decrease in the cost of the entire construction, since the costs of thermal insulation are required.

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Block masonry technology

Gas silicate blocks are multifunctional, high-quality material, while laying such a material is simple, it is easy to do it yourself. Blocks are used for the construction of external and internal walls, partitions.

To use gas silicate blocks for masonry, you must prepare:

• container for mixing the solution;
• electric drill and nozzle;
• trowels for applying mortar to blocks;
• building level;
• rubber or wooden hammer;
• gas silicate blocks of the required size and shape;
• marking square;
• a plane, a saw, a grater, a grooving tool;
• drill;
• brushes with soft bristles.

For the styling itself, the following mixtures are used:

1. Special adhesive mixtures that are supplied dry. When cooked, they are diluted with water.
2. Cement-sand mixtures are also often purchased. When using the composition, it must be remembered that the seam thickness will be large. There is a possibility of the formation of cold bridges, so additional insulation is required.

Gas silicate blocks are laid with preliminary waterproofing. For this, roofing material is used, it is attached to a cement-sand mortar. The composition is applied under the layer of roofing material and on it. For a mixture based on cement and sand, the proportion is provided:

• 1 part cement;
• 3 parts sifted refined sand (without clay inclusions).

A special glue is used for this, which has excellent adhesion and thermal insulation properties. The thickness of the applied seam is 1-2 cm, it cannot be done anymore. It is best to use such a mixture only for the initial row, then use special glue. The difference in price is insignificant, but the quality of the glue is several times better. The adhesive provides excellent thermal insulation. The thickness of the seam will be minimal, this allows you to reduce costs, make the work faster and better.

To mix the solution, prepare:

• a container for a solution (usually a plastic bucket from under construction mixtures is used, pre-washed and dried);
• electric drill with a nozzle;
• dry glue mixture;
• pure water.

The manufacturers indicate the proportions for mixing on the packaging, they must be observed exactly, since the quality of the glue depends on this. During mixing, the drill is turned on only at low speed, until a homogeneous, perfectly mixed mass is obtained. To make the walls durable, it is best to choose only high-quality mixtures. There are many adhesives on the market today, but preference should be given to proven ones, and not the cheapest. In this case, savings can lead to structural destruction.

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Aerated concrete masonry

During masonry, attention must be paid to the first row, since the strength and quality of the entire wall will depend on it. All necessary measurements are carried out in advance, which must fully comply with the project. It is important to pay attention to the corners of the building; the building level is necessarily used to check the verticality. All blocks are stacked tightly, masonry guides are pre-assembled. To do this, pegs are first driven in along the perimeter of the wall, their step is 1-2 m, a string will be pulled over them. The guides allow you to control the evenness of the masonry. For internal partitions, markings are also used.

The corner edge is mounted first, after which the rest of the gas silicate blocks are installed. All corners are carefully checked after installation, the same applies to the verticality of the first row. The glue is applied not only to horizontal but also to vertical edges. Each block is carefully selected with a rubber or wooden hammer so that it can take the desired position.

The subsequent rows are laid with the application of an adhesive solution on the horizontal edges of the blocks. Laying should start with corner elements, after which blocks of walls and partitions are mounted. The direction of the masonry should be alternating, that is, one side is laid to the left, and the other to the right. This ensures the strength of the wall, its high quality, and resistance to stress. During work, it is necessary to regularly check the horizontality and verticality of the masonry with a building level.

When installing walls made of gas silicate blocks, do not forget about window and door openings. For this, special guides are used, which fit into the previously cut grooves. After the walls are ready, it is necessary to carry out work on heat and sound insulation. It all depends on what exactly the requirements are for the structure.

The gas silicate block has insulation that is much better than the insulation of ordinary bricks.

For example, a block wall thickness of half a meter is equal to insulation brick wall with a thickness of 1 m.Therefore, before choosing materials for insulation, it is necessary to take into account the thickness of the walls of the house:

1. For internal partitions in one layer: with a block density of 500 kg / m³, the thickness is 30 cm.
2. For double-layer walls and partitions with a block density of 500 kg / m³, a thickness of 10 cm is used, and the size of the air gap is 4 cm.
3. For double-layer walls and partitions with a block density of 700 kg / m³, a thickness of 10 cm is used, and the size of the air gap is up to 4 cm.
4. For interior partitions in one layer, the wall thickness is 25 cm with a block density of 500-700 kg / m³.

Insulation is selected based on the specified parameters. Usually, plaster is used for external insulation, mineral wool or foam boards.

Gas silicate blocks are a high-quality building material that is excellent for the construction of various buildings. Today it is often used for residential buildings, while the construction process is not complicated. It is easy to build such a house with your own hands, observing all stages of work.