Options for the manufacture of handrails on a spiral metal staircase. Do-it-yourself metal spiral staircase. How to choose a design

When building a house of at least 2 floors, you definitely need to think about the stairs in it. And if the house will be built with your own hands, it is logical to do the stairs as well.

Various photos of stairs help you make a preliminary choice and clearly understand what type of lift you need. But before undertaking work, carefully calculate the future design for strength and dimensions, this will save time and money, because incorrect calculations (or lack thereof) will lead to numerous alterations of the original project.

Stair types

There is a large number different options flights of stairs. They differ in the material of manufacture (wood, concrete or metal), the type of rise (sloping stairs, spiral, with a turn by a certain degree).

The most common is a ladder made of wood. Also often construct a staircase with a turn of 90 degrees. It is not uncommon for these two types of lifting device to be combined into one.

In case of limited space, a spiral staircase is made of metal. The screw type of lifting saves space, and the manufacture of metal increases the strength of the structure. Concrete is used for stairs in massive buildings (for example, mansions).

What to look out for

In a low-rise building, having no construction experience, it is better to order a modular staircase, a kind of designer, where all the details are sawn and numbered, and you just have to assemble them using the instructions. These are usually made of wooden stairs.

When building a staircase made of concrete, in addition to pouring the frame, you will need to perform an external finish ( beautiful stone or wood products). It's a double waste of time and money. However, for cottages of 3 or more floors, they are mandatory according to the requirements fire safety.

When making a staircase for the first time, you do not need to aim at a complex structure right away. The simpler the model, the more likely it is that you will be able to successfully build this lifting device on the first attempt.

Pay attention to the angle of inclination of the stairs: if it is more than 45 degrees, the ladder will be considered attached, and you can only go down it backwards. Optimal angle rise is considered an indicator of 37 degrees.

Wood as a material for construction is preferable, as it allows, thanks to its properties, to correct minor construction flaws that have arisen due to inaccurate calculations and inexperience of the contractor.

Also, after construction, the building may settle due to loose soil, as a result, the staircase can become several centimeters higher or lower than the floor, and it is easier to fix this in wooden structure.

When constructing a lift with a turn towards it, the distance between the spans must be at least 100 mm.

Stages of construction

Answering the question of how to make a staircase to the second floor with your own hands, there are several stages of construction.

The first stage of any structure, whether it is a staircase to a house, or interfloor staircase, is to create a project. Particular attention should be paid to the safety of the building and its ease of use.

The structure must withstand the average weight of an ordinary person with a fair margin. Be sure to use railings!

If they are not available, another fence must be designed to ensure the safety of descent and ascent.

Consider creating a wooden staircase with stringers

After you have designed your building, you need to prepare the materials. In our case, choose boards of suitable thickness and length, prepare balusters with railings and prepare stringers. This will be the second stage of construction.

As a material for stringers, a pine board 4 cm thick is suitable. On it, we mark the steps according to the pattern and cut them out with an electric jigsaw.

Note!

We use the resulting product as a model for the second (and if the width of the stairs is more than a meter, then the third) kosour. Cut to size required amount steps.

The third step is to assemble all the parts together. First of all, the stringers are installed in their places of permanent placement. Then, with the help of self-tapping screws, the steps are attached to the stringers.

Then, using studs, they put balusters on the steps, and handrails are attached to them. The stairs are ready!

DIY staircase photo

Note!

Faced with the need to build overhaul or home renovation with their own hands, the owners have to collect a lot of information about the design and installation of stair structures. The main purpose of internal stairs is to provide access to the rooms of residential, office or industrial premises located on the upper floors. In addition, both internal and external stairs are mounted in the presence of attics, terraces, attics, balconies and exploited roofs. There are several options for ladder structures, each of which has its own advantages and features. Taking into account many factors typical for the construction of private houses and high-rise apartments, designers are increasingly offering the installation of screw or other materials.

As the name implies, it looks like a spiral, starting on the ground floor and going up. A central pillar made of metal or strong bowstrings serve as a support for the steps. In some designs, the supporting pillar is completely replaced by bowstrings, and walls and balusters perform the function of auxiliary fasteners. The development and calculation of the design of the ladder structure requires compliance with the requirements, standards, norms and restrictions set forth in the regulatory documents: GOST and SNiP. The parameters indicated in their articles and paragraphs are calculated taking into account the proportions and features human body. It is these standards that allow us to develop the correct drawings, as well as install the most functional and safe spiral staircase. They clearly define the following parameters:

• Step size range (thickness, height, depth, width).
• The minimum depth of the steps near the support post.
• Dimensions of the stairs, which require the installation of additional fasteners (central stringers, railings and railings).
• The dimensions of the staircase.

Advantages and disadvantages of spiral staircases

Among the advantages of spiral (spiral) stairs are the following:

For the sake of objectivity, it is also worth noting the disadvantages that are inherent in spiral structures. Due to the fact that their width and structure do not allow transporting large items (furniture, appliances, building materials) along them, they rather act as an additional staircase structure. Many experts recommend equipping the house with a classic flight of stairs passing outside. In addition, the daily circling of the spiral staircase is problematic for people with handicapped.

What you need to know in order for the calculation to be correct

A big plus of spiral staircases, which is very pleasing to those who like to make everything for the house with their own hands, is the possibility of making them on their own. The preliminary stage of such work is the creation of a project and a drawing. Before starting the calculation, it is worth considering the following aspects:

• Design steps should not have a riser, as this may cause slipping during the ascent.
• For objective reasons, the depth of the steps in the center should be at least 20 cm, and at a distance of 15 cm from the inner vertical support - at least 10 cm.
• Planning the width of the steps is due to the purpose of the structure and the frequency of its use. The most convenient are stairs with a diameter of 2 m, with a step width of 80 cm. However, it is permissible to reduce these dimensions to 1.5 m and 60 cm, respectively, subject to little use of the stairs and limited space.
• To calculate the number of steps, you need to divide the total height of the stairs by the standard step height. It ranges from 20 cm to 22 cm, including the height of the step.
• Moving along a spiral staircase should be comfortable, so the distance between two turns cannot be less than 190 cm.

Parameters of stair railings and supports

As a central support for a spiral staircase, it is necessary to choose the most durable material, because it will take on almost the entire load. The use of a round thick-walled metal pipe with a diameter of 5 cm or more should be considered optimal.

For the most durable fastening of the support to the floor, anchor bolts are suitable. This choice is justified by their reliability and the absence of difficulties during installation.

Important! The fastening of the support to the floor should be as reliable as possible. For massive structures, it will not be superfluous to create an additional foundation.

Do-it-yourself manufacturing and installation of a screw structure

Many manufacturers offer screw designs that are easy to transport and assemble on site. In this case, home master it remains only to take care of the reliability of the fastenings of the support column, steps and railings, so that the installation by one's own hands is carried out in accordance with the instructions and safety requirements. Installation of the finished screw structure

You can also use ready-made steps made of rectangular wood, which are quite easy to fit to the dimensions obtained in the calculations. After processing, the edges should be carefully sanded. Based on the plan of the master, the steps can be covered with stain and varnish or paint. Turning to the manufacture and installation of a bowstring with your own hands, you should consider what to give wooden details bent shape is extremely hard. For this, a special technology is used, in which the wood is subjected to soaking, shaping and drying in a fixed state. An alternative would be to connect the individual segments into a single bowstring.

Complying with the necessary standards and following the instructions qualified specialists, every craftsman who is familiar with the principles of woodworking will be able to manufacture and install a spiral staircase. For a more complete picture, we recommend that you also familiarize yourself with.

A spiral staircase to the second floor is one of the most popular designs for communication between floors. Able to save space and decorate the interior of any room. Can be installed in the smallest areas, in an apartment, country house or cottage. Also known as a rotary, round or radial design.

Device and calculation of a spiral staircase

The device of spiral staircases has a number of disadvantages, for example, they are not always convenient, especially for the elderly and small children. In this case, it is preferable to use a conventional mid-flight as the main interstorey lift, and the rounded design is ideal as a service or technical one, since it does not take up too much space.

To avoid falls and injuries, it is necessary to carefully prepare the design of the spiral staircase. Only if all the requirements (GOST and SNiP) and construction rules are met, the product will turn out to be convenient and practical.

Drawings and dimensions of flights of stairs

• H is the height of the stairs. Is the sum of the distance to the ceiling and the thickness of the ceiling (h p);
• H 1 - the distance between the turns of the stairs, that is, the height that you can climb by overcoming one full turn.
  

  Important: H 1 should not be less than 2 meters, otherwise, when lifting, you can hit your head on the upper step;

• h - the height of the riser - the distance that you can climb by overcoming one step. It is believed that the most convenient is the height from 12 to 22 cm;
• h 1 - tread depth. It should be sufficient to ensure that the foot does not slip off the steps when descending, and provides reliable support for the foot when ascending. It is recommended to take values ​​from 25 to 40 cm. At the central support, the tread depth should be 10 cm or more;

To make the movement convenient, the circular staircase must meet the condition:

2 h + h 1 = 60..65 cm (1)

A round staircase with a width of less than 1.5 meters must be equipped with a railing, a height of 90 cm or more.

The design of the structure begins with the calculation of the main dimensions. Let's assume that the distance to the floor of the second floor (H) is 3 m. The width of the stairs (R) will be 1.2 m.

H = 3 m, R = 1.2 m, ω = 360°;

n = H / h, 3000 / 180 = 16.7

Rounding the value up, we get the answer - 17. But since the last step is the floor of the second floor, there will be 16 steps on our stairs.

The length of the stairs (L o) along the main lift line is calculated as follows:

L o \u003d 2πR 1, where R 1 \u003d 2/3 R, therefore

L o \u003d 4 / 3πR, substituting the value R \u003d 1.2m into the formula, we get

h 1 \u003d L / n \u003d 5 / 17 \u003d 0.29 m \u003d 29 cm

After checking our calculations using formula (1), we get the number 65. That is, a turning staircase with such parameters will be quite convenient for walking.

Step shape

h 1 int = 10cm

h 1 ext = L in / n, where

L in \u003d 2πR \u003d 2 * 3.14 * 1.2 \u003d 7.536 m substitute the value

h 1 ext \u003d 7.536 / 17 \u003d 0.44 m \u003d 44 cm

It turned out that the depth of the tread at the outer edge is 440mm.

Of course, when calculating, integer numbers are very rarely obtained, due to which errors appear and the shape of the steps is distorted. To level this out, the dimensions of the steps can be slightly changed, for example, make the first one slightly lower than the others. Thus, the remaining steps will remain the same.

Turning stairs, as a rule, are made without risers. This is due to the fact that it is more convenient to move around in such a design. Therefore, the height of the steps may have a slight flaw.

Calculating Distance to Overlap

Climbing each step, we approach the ceiling to the height of the riser (h). In our case, this is 18 cm. Having overcome 4 steps, we will rise 72 cm. If we take the thickness of the ceiling (h p) as 20 cm, then for the fourth step:

H 1 \u003d H - 4h - h p \u003d 300 - 72 - 20 \u003d 208 cm

This is quite acceptable, since this parameter must be at least 2m.

When climbing to the fifth step, the height loss will already be 90 cm and H 1 \u003d 190 cm, with this value a tall person can hit his head.

Based on this, the length of the upper floor area along the midline in our case should not exceed the depth of four treads, that is, 1.16 m.

This is more clearly seen in the figure, which shows a round staircase, top view. The site is highlighted in white. The dotted line is the steps that are under it. The start of the flight of stairs coincides with the exit point. The rise is counterclockwise.

These calculations are approximate and do not take into account the thickness of the material from which the components for spiral staircases will be made, for example, the sheathing of steps and some other nuances that must be taken into account.

How to make a hole in the ceiling

The stairway in the ceiling of the second floor is best prepared immediately, when building a private house. If this has been omitted, then wooden ceilings, it must be cut out before installing the interfloor structure.

The opening can be rounded or rectangular, depending on whether round or square spiral staircases will be installed.

The main thing is that the main condition must be observed: the size of the opening must be 10 cm larger than the diameter of the spiral staircase on each side. This is necessary in order not to injure your hands on the walls when using the railing on the last steps.

If a round opening for the stairs is supposed, it should be drawn on the floor of the lower floor, and then transferred to the ceiling.

A through hole is drilled in the center of the circle. Then, on the floor of the second floor, a pin is inserted into this hole and with the help of a rope, the length of which corresponds to the radius of the opening, and a pencil tied to it, a hole is marked that needs to be cut out.

As an option, the site where it is supposed to make a second floor platform can not be removed. This will save time on its arrangement. In addition, the cost of a spiral staircase will be somewhat lower. But at the same time, the most careful calculations are needed in order not to be mistaken with the location of the site.

The stairway is lined with a beam made of veneer in the shape of a circle. The beam consists of several layers, curved with a steel circle and stops. The first and last layers must be solid cut veneers. For the manufacture of intermediate layers, shorter pieces are allowed.

The design of the opening will be better if the layers are made one at a time, then dried, glued and inserted into the next layer.

The finished beam is installed in the opening for the spiral staircase and secured with corner plates. To give a more aesthetic appearance, decorative plinths are additionally mounted.

Finishing the stairwell, which has the shape of a square, requires a minimum of effort and skill due to the lack of rounded parts.

Step-by-step instructions for making stairs to the second floor

The manufacture of spiral staircases begins with the selection of materials for load-bearing elements, components and sheathing. . Either an iron pipe or a strong wooden beam large diameter. Steps and handrails, as a rule, are made of solid wood, railings and railings are made of stainless steel or, again, made of wood.

Wooden steps

Wooden steps are usually made of oak, beech, maple and other hardwoods. Alternatively, you can buy ready-made steps for the stairs or use homemade ones by cutting the boards to the desired size with your own hands.

For example, a rectangular board can be sawn diagonally and get 2 trapezoidal treads. Then it is necessary to round off the edges with it, process the edges and varnish in 3 layers - the steps are ready.

Installation of balusters

You can cut balusters with your own hands from metal rods or wooden rods. When making racks, some need to make a few bigger size. They will go to the first and last steps and to the edges of the platform. This will enhance the strength of the entire structure and give the staircase a finished look. appearance.

You can try to make carved balusters with your own hands. For this you need lathe. And in order to drill even holes in the ends of the racks, an ordinary drill will do. Adjust it, approximately, as in the photo:

Even holes are very important, because they provide a strictly vertical position of the balusters.

Railing installation

For the manufacture of railings will need wooden balusters two types: large racks that are installed at the corners, and small ones - for each step.

Making a bowstring

To bend the bowstring for the stairs, soak the wood blank in boiling water until completely softened, then bend it in the right places, fix it in a bent position and leave to dry.

There are more modern way- gluing many thin lamellas together. A spiral staircase on a bowstring made in this way can take on the steepest forms.

Assembly and installation of the structure

The metal spiral staircase is easy to manufacture and will fit perfectly into the interior. country house or cottages. The most popular is the design with a cantilevered support of the steps on the casing. In this example, we will show how a staircase with turning steps is built with our own hands.

Installation of a spiral staircase begins with the installation of a central rack, which is a thick-walled steel pipe with a diameter of at least 5 cm. Having fixed the metal support, steps are strung on it. After each stage, a sleeve is put on.

Then the steps unfold like a fan. In this case, it is necessary to calculate very accurately where the beginning and end of the stairs are. After the flight is ready, each step is connected using support brackets, which are installed near the outer edge. Lastly, railings are assembled - racks (balusters) of the fence and handrails are mounted.

Thus, we got a compact spiral staircase. If the product has a service or technical purpose, then you can make the steps a little narrower, and save a little more space on this. For example, in the country, such wooden structures can be used to climb to the attic, instead of traditional folding ones.

Video: Utah spiral staircase installation

Other installation technologies (with photo)

If you plan to place the product near the wall, then better fit a spiral structure, in which the shape of the steps varies from rectangular to trapezoidal, depending on the part of the march, - a square spiral staircase.

There are also types of spiral staircases without a central support. In this case, the steps on the one hand are connected by bolts, and on the other hand they are mounted directly into the wall or fastened with a kosour, a bowstring. Building this structure is much more difficult. But her appearance is simply amazing.

Photo gallery: design options for stairs in the interior

Spiral staircases in the interior of a house or cottage perfectly complement the overall design composition. Due to the unusual design, the product gives the room sophistication.

This is not only a communication system between floors, but also another way to realize your creative potential.

When building a house, the question arises of choosing the design of the stairs. Here, first of all, the design and size of the room are taken into account. If you have limited space, you need to build an auxiliary staircase, or you just have a desire to complement the interior bright accent, you should consider choosing a metal spiral staircase. Let's figure out which configuration to choose, and also consider the stages of project preparation, manufacture and installation of a metal staircase.

The choice of design for installation

When we think of metal spiral staircases, the first thing that comes to mind is wedge-shaped steps that are arranged around a central support. This is the most common design, this kind of stairs are often made using a modular frame. His distinctive feature is the ease of assembly and the relative low cost.

Variants of spiral metal stairs:

• modular;
• cast.
• forged;
• welded.

Cast and forged versions are distinguished by their elegant original design and high price. All artistic forging products are made of steel, while cast products are made of iron and bronze. Prefabricated structures are made of aluminum or metal with a chrome finish. They are easy to assemble on your own.

The simple design has welded options. Thanks relatively simple device you can build metal ladder to the second floor by hand. From metal, you can make the frame of the stairs, then decorating it with any suitable materials.

Connection options

Installation can be done in several ways:

• Ladder welding - the most suitable option for mounting stairs made of metal with your own hands. It consists of steel brackets welded to the central support. The brackets can be finished steps or used as a support for placing treads of another material on them.

• Bolts fastening. Bolz is a metal rod that fixes the outer part of the step. Mounting the ladder on the bolts allows you to securely fix the steps, as a result of such mounting, the structure looks light on the outside.

• One of the most difficult solutions is mounting on the central stringer. In such a spiral staircase there is no central pillar. It is difficult to make a spiral iron staircase on a stringer with your own hands; it is better to entrust the installation of such a staircase to professionals with experience and special equipment. The price for such a ladder is quite high.

Design and calculations

From metal, you should consider the following recommendations:

1. The turns of the stairs must be located at a distance of at least two meters. This height will be comfortable for most adults.
2. In the ceiling opening, it is necessary to make a gap between the edges of the stairs and the opening. With a march width of 80 cm, the diameter of the opening should be 200 cm. Reducing the diameter of the stairs and the opening is possible for auxiliary stairs, where the march width is 600 mm and the opening is 1400 mm.
3. The design will be reliable, provided that the supporting column is at least 50 mm in diameter.
4. The depth of the step along the middle line of the rise is about 200 mm.
5. The angle of elevation should not exceed 45 degrees.
6. It is necessary to provide fences for comfortable and safe use.
7. It is also recommended to use an anti-slip coating on the steps or a special treatment.

After performing calculations based on the above recommendations, drawings can be prepared. Manufacturing of metal welded stairs do-it-yourself is more difficult than from wood. To perform such a design, the ability to work with a welding machine and other tools for metal is required.

Preparation of materials and step-by-step instructions - how to weld a ladder?

Prepare the following materials before you get started:

• Thick-walled pipe length according to the lifting height, it will act as a central support.
• A pipe of a slightly larger diameter than the previous one.
• Pipe round or square small size for bolts.
• Corner for steps.

Do-it-yourself step-by-step algorithm for making a metal staircase:

1. Cut the pipe of the maximum diameter into sleeves equal to the height of the step.
2. Weld a sealing ring into the resulting sleeves so that the sleeve fits snugly on the central support.
3. From the corner, make the same step frames according to the template.
4. We weld the resulting step frames to the prepared sleeves.
5. Installing the center stand.
6. We string all the sleeves with steps and place them in a fan according to the project.
7. We cut pipes of small diameter in size equal to the distance between the steps.
8. Starting from the bottom, we connect all the steps together.
9. After the ladder has been assembled, it is necessary to boil all the joints of the sleeves and clean each seam.
10. Prime and paint the metal frame of the stairs. Depending on the project, place treads.

Welded stairs are a fairly strong and safe structure, but do not forget to mount the railing.

Painting a metal staircase

Having completed the manufacture of a metal staircase with your own hands, you need to make sure that it lasts a long time and reliably.

Before you start painting the stairs, you need to prepare its surface. At the preparation stage, you must make sure that there are no places for corrosion to form.

If such places are found, it is necessary to get rid of it; for this, we clean the problem area with an iron brush and sandpaper. In case of formation of deep rust, which cannot be removed with a brush, use the “anti-rust” agent.

We clean all welded places to a shine, these areas are most susceptible to corrosion.

After processing the stairs, you can proceed to cover it with primer, and after it - paint in several layers.

When choosing a staircase from one floor to another, it should be remembered that the staircase should not only be a practical, reliable and durable structure, but also have an attractive appearance. A beautiful do-it-yourself spiral staircase will become an aesthetic addition to any private house, as well as to some types of apartments. In addition to all their positive qualities, the spiral staircase also saves free space, which allows you to occupy it with more necessary things.

You should not rush and buy all the building materials to create a spiral staircase, you should first familiarize yourself with the advantages and disadvantages of such structures. Unfortunately, there are practically no ideal things, and even knowing how to make a spiral staircase, the owner of a house or apartment must find out all the pros and cons of such structures.

• Small sizes. What is most convenient, for example, with a small area of ​​​​a private house. At the same time, by setting the required number of steps and correctly calculating all dimensions, a do-it-yourself spiral staircase will become much more practical in operation than an ordinary marching structure. It also simplifies the calculation.
• Attractive design that allows any owner of a private house to awaken the designer in himself. When creating screw structures, you can choose such an extraordinary appearance that it will become a real work of art.
• Affordable cost. Of course, if you do not make steps from stained doom or mahogany, then the cost of a standard spiral staircase can “pleasantly” surprise the owner of the house. The most expensive element will be the metal frame and its welding, the rest of the calculation ( Consumables, wood for steps, etc.) has an average cost.

• After the construction is completed, it is quite problematic to raise or lower any load along the spiral staircase (it can be furniture, household appliances, and other voluminous things). Therefore, all things with large dimensions should be moved to the second floor or lowered from it in advance.
• Insufficient convenience. You need to have some skills to quickly climb or descend from a screw structure. This becomes especially difficult if the number of steps and their sizes are incorrectly calculated.

Otherwise, spiral staircases to the second floor are no less popular than mid-flight structures; in order to make them with your own hands, it will not take much time.

Video from YouTube:

Drawing of a simple spiral staircase

Of course, you can not waste time on the calculation, as well as the drawing, and purchase a finished structure that you only need to assemble. But the cost of the finished spiral staircase (the drawing of which will be presented later) will be much higher than its independent production and installation. Also, you can not trust the quality of the material from which the structure is made. If even the wood for the steps is of insufficient quality, there is a high risk of injury to family members, for example, when the step breaks.

The beginning of drawing up a drawing is the allocation of free space, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bwhich must be at least two square meters. Such dimensions are designed for maximum comfort both when lifting a person and when descending. Also an important factor is free access to the top and bottom of the stairs. This is very correct and practical from the point of view of fire safety, and when a situation arises when a quick evacuation of all people in the house is necessary.

Next constructive element each screw design are steps. It is necessary to correctly select not only their number, but also the dimensions that indicate on the drawing. On average, for greater convenience, the number of steps varies from 11 to 13 pieces. With more steps, it will be problematic for a person ascending or descending to take a full step.

Also, when making a calculation, you should pay attention to the degree of slope of the spiral staircase, you should not make it too sharp or blunt, the ideal value is 45 degrees. Then, when going up and down the steps, they will not be too raised up or down.

And the last thing is the width of the stairs to the second floor, which, according to generally accepted standards, is 120 cm. Some homeowners try to make the spiral staircase as narrow as possible, but this only leads to unnecessary inconvenience.

The sequence of installation of a wooden spiral staircase

You should be aware that the installation and calculation of a wooden and metal screw structure differs only in other components of the structure, as well as in the method of fastening all its main elements. The main element of such a ladder is a bearing support, on which the total number of steps will subsequently be installed. At metal frame, steps do not require additional fixation, and when using wooden materials, one side of them is fixed to the wall with anchor bolts.

Video from YouTube:

Bearing support installation

The support post is the main element of the spiral staircase to the second floor, which requires not only correct and accurate installation, but also the use of reliable building materials and accurately measured height. Therefore, when choosing wooden components, it is necessary to pay special attention to the processing of wood.

As mentioned above, for a wooden spiral staircase you will need free space, with an area of ​​at least 2 m 2. The support post is installed exactly in the middle of this space. To measure the center of the site, it is necessary to connect the corners of the rectangle and install the support at this place.

How to install the bearing support:

• A wooden rack usually consists of several parts of a certain height, so initially its lower part must be securely fixed to the floor. Do this with anchor bolts. For better fixation, you will need 6-8 anchor bolts. A rotary hammer is best for this job, but a less powerful rotary drill can also be used.
• Next, the rest of its parts are installed on a wooden rack; metal strips are used for their fastening. It should be remembered that for better fixation, grooves should be provided in the parts of the support. Then after the end of the work, the design will turn out to be more monolithic.
• After the wooden support is installed, it is necessary to install additional fasteners on the walls, to which the steps will subsequently be fixed. For mounting the mount, as for the rack, use anchor bolts.

Step installation

Mounting steps on a wooden spiral staircase is no less responsible task than installing a central support. After all, from them correct location depends on the ease of movement up the stairs to the second floor. In order for the steps to accurately approach the support, segments of a metal corner should be fixed on it, which must first be accurately measured using the building level.

Holes are drilled in the segments of the metal corner, with the help of which the steps will then be fixed. It should be remembered that for better fixation of the tree, in addition to bolts, wide metal washers should also be purchased. In the corner, two holes will be enough; for greater reliability, three can be made.

Now you can purchase ready-made small corners specially designed for this type of fixation. Holes are drilled in them, it is enough just to fix such products at the bottom of the steps, and on the other hand, pull them to the central support.

More time-consuming is the option of manufacturing steps of a specially designed design, in which they are simply put on the central support. Usually this form of steps is provided in custom-made spiral staircases, if you do it yourself, it will take too much time. Having installed the steps on one side of the support, on the other hand they still need to be fixed to the wall.

Railings - safety first

Railings are an integral part of any spiral staircase, especially if it has a spiral design. For a more harmonious look, railings or handrails must be made of medium height, and from the same material as the rest of the do-it-yourself spiral staircase.

Of course, many home craftsmen try to combine carefully crafted metal and high-quality wood species, but this leads to additional costs. Therefore, the same railing should be made on a wooden spiral staircase.

You can fasten the railing posts to the steps using self-tapping screws, deepening the hats into the wood, and then opening them with a special wood sealant. Older (but very reliable and proven) is the method of fastening a wooden structure with wooden nails or, in other words, plain language- Chopikov. The chopik is cut out of a bar, its diameter is no more than 0.8 cm. Then a hole is drilled in the lower part of the railing posts, which is also necessary for the steps. Next, the rack and steps are connected using a chopik, which must be driven in.

You can also attach the railing to the posts using self-tapping screws or wooden nails of medium diameter. After the design is ready, it can be opened with varnish, after giving the desired color with mastic or stain.

How to make a metal spiral staircase. Design pros and cons

A do-it-yourself metal spiral staircase has a number of advantages that cannot be compared with wooden structures. For example, this is a longer operating life, less long and costly processing, as well as high reliability products made of metal. But if you skip all the advantages of metal stairs, then there are a number of disadvantages that you should also pay attention to:

• High price. Metal for stairs (not even the first quality) is a rather expensive type of material. In addition to buying it, you should also spend money on transportation and unloading.
• The need for welding. Of course, you can not hire welders or purchase welding machine, but just use a drill, a set of drills for metal and a large number of bolts with nuts, washers and grovers. But at the same time, not only the aesthetics of the entire structure is violated, but also the reliability of the staircase itself is significantly reduced.
• For a metal staircase, a concrete platform is required, otherwise the floor of the house may simply not support the weight of the entire structure.

Installation of a metal spiral staircase takes place in exactly the same order as a wooden structure. The main difference is the connection of all elements. If for wooden stairs use self-tapping screws wooden nails and sometimes bolts, then in metal it is best to use a welding machine.

Beautiful spiral staircases to the second floor, photo gallery: