The principle of building a high-quality staircase to the second floor in the bath with your own hands. Wooden staircase for a bath: through fire, water and copper pipes How to make a staircase to the bath entrance

If the drafted project for the construction of a bath provides for the presence of a full-fledged second floor, then you simply cannot do without installing a high-quality staircase. A practical lifting system is relevant if the owner decides to equip a comfortable recreation area. A practical staircase to the second floor in the bath must necessarily correspond to the specificity of the building. For manufacturing, it is necessary to select only high-quality and durable materials.

Sophisticated option for a spacious sauna

Staircase indoors

If the top floor is used exclusively during the cold season, then you can equip a compact lifting system, which will be located in the annex or veranda. This saves valuable free space in the sauna, and keep warm. If the second tier is used all year round, then the ladder should be located inside the steam room. In this case, the master must take into account several main factors:

1. The exit on the top floor is best done near one of the walls, as this will help maintain the main percentage of the free zone.
2. The staircase should be located so that it looks as harmonious as possible on the ground floor and is comfortable to use. Often in saunas they build not a full-fledged second tier, but simply build small attic, which is not very convenient for frequent use.
3. Dimensions must be calculated so that the operation is as safe as possible.
4. The connection between the two floors should provide the most reliable ascent and descent. An excellent option is the traditional device of small marches.

Unusual decorative approach

Common types

Experts identify several categories of fixtures that are designed to connect two floors within one building.

The most popular models are:

1. on the pains;
2. on a string;
3. folding;
4. on casing pipes;
5. combined.

The bowstring is considered the basic element - these are steps and powerful side supports. Modern masters prefer to modernize everything. Instead of a classic bowstring, other devices can be used:

• Boltsy. These supports are made in the form of massive bolts from high-quality steel. Used in the construction of household frameless lifting devices. Bolts can rely not only on the wall, but also on the railing, side string. Visually lightweight, as it is devoid of bulky elements.
• Kosoura. The bowstring is made in the form of small jagged bases for steps. This option is actively used in the arrangement of standard mid-flight stairs.
• Retractable / folding bowstring. The structure turns out to be very compact, since the structure can be easily hidden when it is not in use.
• Durable casing pipes. These parts are often combined with pins. The versatility of this option allows you to fix a standard spiral staircase.

Important! Among the owners of suburban real estate, the stairs in the bathhouse to the second floor in a limited space made of wood are in great demand. Since the finished structure looks quite stylish and compact.

Great option to save space

Requirements

The master must take a responsible approach to calculating the width of the march, as well as the depth and height of the steps. Only in this case the staircase will have the necessary safety and comfort. Experts recommend relying on accepted standards, given the free area allocated for the construction of the lift.

Basic parameters:

1. For internal placement, the width of the march should be in the range of 75-80 cm.
2. The minimum size should not be less than the prescribed 65 cm.
3. It is most comfortable to use the staircase, which has a march of more than one meter.

These nuances are relevant in relation to straight and turning stairs. The optimal width and height of the steps is calculated based on the parameters of the human foot.

Due to the high level of humidity in the sauna, the wood material used must be resistant to the development of putrefactive bacteria. It is best to choose natural raw materials from ash, larch, and wenge. Stainless steel is suitable for creating metal steps. This material is not subject to the development of corrosion and deformation.

The available option is shown in the video:

Stairs must match the characteristics of the room. The master can independently build a durable wood product. In a limited space, it is better to choose L-shaped models.

The principle of installation consists of several main stages:

1. Preliminary calculation of the dimensions of the building.
2. Installation of pre-prepared support systems. If a small turning part is provided, then additional reinforcement will be needed.
3. String fixation. You can use straight parts or slightly curved stringers. If the master plans to use a classic bowstring, then you need to prepare slots in advance at the places of future fixation.
4. Fastening of all steps.
5. In the closed type, additional installation of risers will be required.
6. Experts recommend installing handrails so that the movement is as safe as possible.

Self-assembly

Available Options

For a steam room, compact products made of high-quality metal on bolts or pipes are ideal.

But in this case, you need to take into account several important nuances:

1. The interior of the room should be combined with metal elements.
2. Steel stairs are ideal if the lifting structure is located outside the steam room and is not affected by high temperatures.

They look more stylish and sophisticated. If the room is very small, then you can build a goose step product.

Important! For a limited space, a turning or straight staircase is ideal, all steps of which are alternately located only on the left or right side. Due to this, you can save free space at the height of the approach, while maintaining the comfort of operation as much as possible.

If the second tier will be used exclusively in the warm season, then you can attach a ladder to a small terrace or on the street.

Available Options installations

Outbuilding

There are several types of lifting structures that can be installed from the street. All of them differ from each other in size, shape of the main architectural elements, as well as some technical features. Professional craftsmen distinguish several main types of outdoor stairs:

1. Semicircular.
2. Square.
3. Oval.
4. Rectangular.
5. Curvilinear.
6. Faceted.

The structure can be frontal (installed perpendicular to the facade), profile. The parameters of such stairs are fully consistent with those that are mounted inside the steam room. The height of the riser should be in the range from 14 to 18 cm, the depth - 32 cm. Special attention is paid to the slope of the steps, since it is necessary to ensure water flow. The width of the upper landing is calculated so that the distance from it to the door is at least 60 cm.

When choosing the most suitable structure, you need to take into account the fact that a straight vertical staircase is not very convenient for operation. This option is not suitable for unhindered access to the upper floor lounge. Such an architectural approach is only appropriate if the owner wants to save personal savings, and not achieve maximum comfort and practicality.

The most popular are spiral and screw types, as they are aesthetically attractive and reliable. Caring for a metal staircase is quite simple, and the durability of operation is confirmed by time. But to build it in a cozy bathhouse with your own hands is quite problematic.

Read also: - its design, pros and cons, assembly rules

Marching options made of quality wood are ideal for almost all types of real estate. If free space allows, then a reinforced concrete lifting system can be made. It will turn out to be durable and reliable, as it is not at all afraid of the negative effects of the environment and mechanical stress. The main task is to ensure that there is no dissonance between the room and the stairs.

Safe outdoor facility

building requirements

Installed types must necessarily meet all basic operational requirements.

If the product is located in the open air, then you need to take into account a number of nuances:

• Durable railings, balusters and other railings are a must.
• The work requires a material that is least susceptible to elevated level humidity, sudden changes in temperature, as well as various precipitation.
• All steps must be equipped with small notches or a specific relief that will protect all users from slipping and accidents.

Since the product is located on the street, the master can fully implement all the basic requirements for standard dimensions without saving valuable space in the width of the marches. Thanks to this, it is possible to reduce the angle of inclination, thereby increasing practicality.

Metal perfect option outdoor

When you need to hide the staircase from prying eyes, then it must be placed exclusively on the side of the sauna, and not on the front side of the property. If all construction works the owner of the steam room decided to do it on his own, then special attention should be paid to the careful processing of consumables.

There are a number of basic requirements:

• When erecting from an array, you need to prepare in advance a high-quality antiseptic with fire-retardant and moisture-proof properties.
• All welds are cleaned of metal shavings, and also coated with paint to avoid rust.
• The tree must be carefully sanded in order to minimize the likelihood of splinters.

To make a preliminary drawing, you need to measure the height. Be sure to calculate the number of steps. To do this, divide the height by the dimensions of the supporting parts (14-25 cm). The length is taken into account as the product of the step depth (maximum 30 cm).

Important! To independently build a durable staircase, you need to choose the right consumable, prepare a project, and also make accurate calculations.

Conclusion

Most often, home saunas are made from high-quality wood. Due to this, the room is filled with an atmosphere of coziness and comfort. The owner is proud of the new property, which is why he tries to do the maximum work on his own. If a man has all the necessary skills and materials, then you can make practical ladder on one's own. It can be decorated with unique decorative elements so that it fits into the interior of the room as harmoniously as possible.

More interesting and informative information can be found in the video:

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If in the bath it is necessary to install a staircase to the second floor, it is necessary to consider both its design and the material from which it will be made. Taking into account the peculiarities of the atmosphere in the sauna room and the natural desire to keep the interior in one, harmoniously created style, a combination of wood and metal is acceptable for saunas.

Ergonomic and beautiful option- ladder building made of wood with a supporting structure made of metal. With sufficient space, it can be marching, with limited space it can be rotary or screw. Direct modifications with marches take up a lot of space, but with proper planning, the area remaining under the stairs can be used as a pantry for storing bath accessories and other equipment. Detail drawing in the photo below.

Spiral and turning stairs are less convenient for constant walking, but in small bath they save a lot of space, and are not used so often. The project of a spiral or turning staircase can be different, the main thing here is the dimensions of the building.

In any case, such a staircase in the bathhouse to the second floor, with small volumes of the room, not only “does not steal” the usable area, but also saves money on its construction.

Do-it-yourself construction installation

To begin with, the technology provides for placement: a vertical stand or adjoining a wall. It is better to give preference to the latter if there will be children or people with limited mobility in the bathhouse. The wall will act as an additional support.

In order not to get sick after paired procedures, the steps must be made of wood, and the frame, handrails and stand should be made of stainless metal, you can use wood, which is more acceptable for temperature regime in the bath. The metal heats up too quickly and can cause discomfort if it comes into contact with the skin.

How to make a ladder: calculation method and possible configuration in the video below.

A convenient location for step steps is 35-40 cm, but this applies only to rectangular models, spiral staircases have trapezoidal steps.

The design should be as simple as possible: steps and railings are not slippery, even with a slightly rough surface so that a wet foot does not slip.

In order to build a staircase in the bath yourself, you will need the following materials:

• tread beam - 4 cm;
• beam for steps, not less than 4 cm thick;
• beam for risers - 3 cm;
• timber for mounting stringers (strings) 5x25 cm in size;
• purchased or self-made handrails;
• stainless steel screws.

Work begins with determining the layout, type of stairs and steps. The standard parameters of the march are erected with a support step on a double-sided bowstring or mounted on stringers (beams located below).

Stringers are called bars, on which the structure rests in a horizontal section. In a vertical position, the teeth fix the risers. At the same time, the ladder can be mounted on the central stringer and the support of the steps on the wall or on the side stringers.

Bowstrings - strong beams with grooves for steps and risers. They are made from thick boards, the grooves are cut independently according to the template. Between themselves, fasteners are made using wooden or metal strands.

The steps are connected with a bowstring and reinforced with bars under the stairs at an equidistant distance. If the angle of inclination of the march is high, the bars may not be used. The top and bottom of the string are fixed on the walls, ceiling or on the floor.

Wooden fragments of the structure are treated with impregnation with antiseptic and refractory properties and opened with stain or varnish.

For spiral staircase the main thing is to determine the angle of inclination. It should be between 23-37 degrees. But, it is worth remembering that the higher the angle of inclination, the more difficult it will be to climb the steps, however, this design will require the smallest placement.

Since many people prefer wood finishes in the bath, the stairs can be made in the same style without even using large-scale metal parts. It is worth choosing from hardwood: birch, ash, linden, oak. From conifers, larch and cedar are suitable.

It is important to make the stairs as safe as possible, since in conditions of high humidity and sudden changes in temperature, you can slip when climbing or descending. And, of course, do not save on protective solutions, otherwise the design will not last long.

Any interfloor staircase in the house - a compromise between safety, convenience and space savings. Even in a fairly spacious room, this is not easy, and finding a place for a ladder in a bath is much more difficult. The premises, as a rule, are small, and because of this, one has to solve a problem with a lot of unknowns. Because the staircase in the bath requires a balanced approach.

• 1 Entrance staircase to the bath
  • 1.1 Foundations for the entrance stairs to the bath
• 2 Stairs in the bathhouse to the second floor
• 3 Types of wooden stairs
• 4 A little about steps, sizes and terms
• 5 How to calculate the stairs to the bath
• 6 How to make yourself a ladder in the bath

Entrance stairs to the bath

Usually several steps are needed here and there are no strict restrictions due to lack of space. Therefore, we can do as GOST advises:

Since baths are most often built of wood, stairs are usually made of the same material. You need to choose breeds that are resistant to climatic influences. Larch is best suited, pine will behave well. Be sure to treat all components with antifungal and protective impregnations(for example, "Senezh").

Foundations for the entrance stairs to the bath

The foundation for the stairs is usually made of pile or columnar. The fastest and cheapest to manufacture is a pile of bored piles. Even faster, but more expensive installed only screw piles but their cost is higher. All work on the arrangement of the underground part of the porch is carried out after the foundation of the building has been established.

If the soils are heaving (clay or loam), the piles must be buried below the freezing level of the soil. In the lower part, it is desirable to make an extension (TISE piles), then there will be a guarantee that the porch will not be pushed out during the winter heaving.

Entrance stairs to the bathhouse on a deep pile foundation

The entrance staircase, if necessary, can be made shallow. Then they use not piles, but columns. Their depth is at least 40 cm below the fertile layer. But then, during heaving, the ladder will rise. So that at the same time she does not block the doors, a high threshold will be needed.

If you don’t want to make a threshold, you can make the upper platform attached to the wall of the house. To do this, during construction, beams are laid on which the upper platform will be assembled.

Entrance wooden staircase shallow (to enlarge the image, click on the picture with the left mouse button)

In this case, a transverse support for a kosour or bowstring is nailed to the beams built into the wall. The same beam is also made on the "bull-calves" - shallow pillars. In this case, it turns out that the stairs can be warped, but the upper platform will remain in place.

Stairs in the bath to the second floor

If the second floor in the bath has a seasonal use - no one will live there in winter, it makes sense to take the lift out of the room - to the veranda or to the extension. So, firstly, you will save space in the bathhouse itself, and secondly, you will not be venting through the hatch to the second floor of the room.

Planning an "L"-shaped staircase

If the second floor will be used in cold weather, you will have to enter the design. In doing so, you will have to consider many factors:

• It is necessary to arrange the stairs so that it not only fits well on the first floor, but also on the second, having risen, you do not rest against the sloping ceiling with your head: often in the baths, not a full-fledged second floor is built on, but they make an attic with the help of a sloping roof or kick it out, as they say 1.5 floors, and then comes the roof.
• It is advisable to make an exit on the second floor near one of the walls: this is how it is “eaten up” less area. It is very inconvenient to have a hole in the middle of the room: it is problematic to organize the space normally.
• Choose the parameters of the stairs so that it is both convenient and safe.

Types of wooden stairs

The stairs in the bathhouse to the second floor can be with straight and curved marches. Curved stairs on their own, without experience, to calculate and build - will not work: it's too difficult. Because basically everything is done in a straight line.

When choosing a model with straight flights, it is not necessary that the span be one (these are single-flight stairs) - along the wall. You can design it in the form of the letter "G" or "P". In this case, straight sections are connected by platforms or winder - turning - steps.

Different types of stairs to the second floor (to enlarge the image, click on the picture with the left mouse button)

Please note that marches can be closed and open. In closed marches there are risers - details that cover the gap between two steps. A turn in the stairs can be made with a rectangular platform (in the figure, the leftmost option) or with winder (triangular) steps (two options in the figure).

This is a staircase with a closed flight - with risers

In one place it is better not to make many winder steps, as in the figure in the center - you will have to climb “along the wall”, that is, where the steps are wider. The most optimal number of them is three to four. But not always such an option can be entered into the existing conditions, and then you have to compromise.

U-shaped stairs to the second floor are usually poorly built into small visits: when designing, shafts are specially left under them or a place is provided. Much easier in this regard with the placement of "L"-shaped.

L-shaped stairs are easier to fit into small rooms in the bath. The marches here are open - there are no risers

The staircase in the bathhouse to the 2nd floor in the form of the letter “G” can, as in the photo above, go along two walls, or it can adjoin only one of them.

A little about steps, sizes and terms

We have already talked about what winder steps are - these are triangular or trapezoidal-shaped rotary steps. But these are not all terms. To calculate the stairs for the bath yourself, you need to know some rules, terms and tolerances. With the height and width of the steps: this is understandable. But there is such a thing as a lifting step. This is, in fact, the height of the step, but always taking into account the thickness of the material. Since the materials can be different, the lifting step can vary significantly.

The best are considered following sizes steps: width about 30 cm, lifting step 15-16 cm. But these are average figures. For people of average height with medium long legs. And these parameters, as you know, are different for everyone. If you are planning for yourself, you can calculate based on how it will be more convenient for you and your family members.

The width of the step is determined by the length of the foot. It is more convenient when the entire foot rests on the step, and not just part of it.

It will be more convenient to go up and down if the entire foot rests on the step

But this, unfortunately, is not always possible. If the decrease is insignificant and you will not have to use the stairs very often, as in a bath, for example, then they also go to reduce the width of the step. If the bathhouse is residential, or used as a guest house, you can find a way out by making the duck step ladder. It is distinguished by steps of unequal width: on one side there is a cutout. In this case, you have to start the descent or ascent from a certain foot. Look at the photo of such a ladder and everything will become clear.

You can make a goose step staircase to the bathhouse. It has curly steps. You have to climb it with a certain foot in order to get to the wide part

Climbing up and down these steps you are forced to change your gait. Which is why the name came about. But at the same time, it allows you to make a very, very steep climb, and without much threat from safety.

When calculating, they do not use the height of the room, but the distance from the floor of the first floor to the floor of the second. To do this, add the thickness of the ceiling to the height of the ceiling and finishing materials floor of the second floor. This value is also needed in the calculation.

The number of steps is simple: the distance found from floor to floor is divided by the recommended lifting step - 15-16 cm. The resulting figure is rounded up (see for yourself up or down). For example, the distance from floor to floor is 280 cm. Divide by 15 cm, we get 18.6, round it up, we get that there should be 19 steps in our staircase.

Now let's determine what the lifting step will be in this case: we divide 280 cm into 19 steps. It will turn out 147 cm. Not enough. If there are no children or elderly people in the family, you can consider installing 18 steps. In this case, the lift height will be 155 cm. This value fits into the recommendations. So for a person of average height it will be more convenient.

Another point that requires verification: the size of the opening under the stairs on the second floor. In order not to hit the head on the opening during the descent, it is necessary that the distance from the step located below to the clearance be 200 cm (minimum 190 cm).

In order not to hit your head when descending, check the distance from the step to the edge of the cutout. By the way, this is an example of a single-flight staircase. But there is a very steep angle of ascent, apparently, neither small children nor the elderly go to the bath

If the height is less than 190 cm, there are two ways out: increase the size of the passage through the floors (make it longer). If this is not possible, increase the ascent step, making the stairs steeper. But more than 210 mm it can not be done. as a solution - slightly increase the clearance and at the same time slightly increase the rise.

The finished step parameters must be checked according to the convenience formula. If you add up the lifting step multiplied by 2 and the step width, then the result should be in the range from 600 to 650 mm. So, if the lifting step is 155 mm, and the step width is 300 mm, we get 155 mm * 2 + 300 mm = 610 mm. We fit into the norm. If not, an adjustment is needed.

The minimum width of the stairs to the bath is 80 cm, the optimal one is 100 cm. Plan somewhere in this area.

Don't forget that everything wooden surfaces in the bath, it is desirable to treat with protective impregnations. How and what, read here.

How to make a ladder in the bath yourself

In addition to the parameters of the steps, you also need to decide how to build the staircase itself. Wooden stairs are made on bowstrings or stringers. A bowstring is a board between which steps are attached. They have smooth edges, and the steps are fixed precisely between them, with the help of corners, bars. They also cut out special grooves.

Ways of fastening the steps to the bowstrings of the stairs (to enlarge the image, click on the picture with the left mouse button)

Kosour differs in that it has a sawtooth profile. The steps are laid on the molded ledge.

How to make a kosour for the stairs to the bath (to enlarge the image, click on the picture with the left mouse button)

It is easier to make a ladder with bowstrings: it requires a much lower level of carpentry skill. This is especially true for mortise steps or when they are mounted on corners. Here the skills required are generally minimal.

How to build a staircase to the bath on a string (to enlarge the image, click on the picture with the left mouse button)

How to build a staircase to a bathhouse on a bowstring: it all starts with the installation of a bowstring and supporting pillars, if any. Support pole - usually timber square section not less than 150 * 150 cm. Boards with a thickness of at least 4-5 cm go to the bowstrings and steps. They need good quality without knots and cracks. Bowstrings are attached to the wall with long nails or wood screws.

Then steps are installed on the corners or support bars. If there finished project, it should have a complete layout for the dimensions of each step. If there is no project, in difficult places you can first make patterns from cardboard, then outlining them on wood and sawing them out accurately. This will definitely be needed with winder steps (swivel). All others must be standard sizes.

If you still want to make a ladder on stringers, watch the video. It's all very well said.

The bath has become an integral part country house. People choose projects suitable for themselves and most often erect two-story buildings. There are options for building a bathhouse with an attic, where, as a rule, there is a rest room. The selected designs require the mandatory presence of a ladder. At the design stage, people get confused. Many do not know how to make a ladder with their own hands. This process is quite painstaking. But you can make an effort and make a staircase to the bath with your own hands.

How to choose the right type of stairs?

When building a bath, you should think in advance which type of stairs to choose. They differ in design. There are several options:

1. Single-flight stairs are considered the easiest to manufacture. They are practical to use. To install this type of stairs, you need a lot of space. Therefore, it is not suitable for every bath.
2. Ladders, shaped like the letter G, are mounted along the wall.
3. There are U-shaped structures. They are rarely chosen for installation, since it is necessary to equip the mine first.
4. Spiral staircases are often found in cottages, as well as in baths. The angles of this design vary from 260 to 360 degrees. Installation of parts goes counterclockwise.

If necessary compact ladder, then you should opt for small-sized buildings.

Location options

It must be remembered that you can arrange the stairs in different ways:

1. Outside way. The entrance to the premises will be located from the street. This arrangement is chosen for a quick passage to the attic, bypassing the sauna.
2. The internal method allows installation from any room. After that, you can walk the stairs all year.
3. There are transitional ways to build stairs when it leads from a separate building to a house.

Factors affecting the choice

Before installing the stairs, you need to consider how it will fit into the interior. The design should be made in the same style as the entire space around. There should be a harmonious transition from one floor to another.

When choosing, you should know what budget the owner of the bath is ready to allocate for the construction of stairs. It is best to dwell on the ergonomic version, in which the staircase will be not only beautiful, but also comfortable.

It is worth consulting with the architect which type of construction is suitable for a particular building.

How to choose material for assembly?

The construction market offers a wide selection of materials suitable for assembling stairs to the bath. It is acceptable to use wood or metal. Some people choose stone stairs. For those who prefer solid structures for centuries, concrete can be used.

Most often choose stairs made of wood. Steps can be open or closed. The staircase in the bathhouse to the 2nd floor with a closed march has distinguishing feature. Here the gaps between the steps are hidden.

When it becomes necessary to add a turn of a staircase made of wood, you must first make a special platform. It should be in the shape of a square, some prefer a rectangle.

What should be the staircase to enter?

A small bath staircase is most often designed for entry. The material is chosen the same from which the bath itself was built.

For correct installation entrance stairs you need to lay a pile foundation. There are people who prefer a columnar type of foundation. The most economical option is to install pile foundation. It can be done quickly and does not require any additional costs.

Piles must be installed deeper than the ground freezing level. In this case, the stairs and the porch will not deform over time. A deeply laid foundation is often found in our time. There is also a shallow type. In this case, the pillars are dug into the ground to a depth of 55 centimeters. When a platform appears, it is fixed with special beams to the bath.

Often they make an entrance to the second floor of the bath from the street. It is worth carefully studying what requirements must be met when erecting a staircase:

1. It is important to remember about the angle of inclination, it should not exceed 50 degrees.
2. can vary from 30 to 36 centimeters.
3. The height of each step is acceptable from 16 to 21 centimeters.
4. The length of the steps can be a maximum of 100 centimeters. Most often, an average length of 75 centimeters is chosen.

Which is better - an internal or external staircase at the entrance to the attic?

Many people wonder what type of stairs to choose. They always doubt the option of an external lift, from the street.

When people build a bath in a private house, they often choose the external option for building stairs. The plus side of getting up from the street is that you can sit on the veranda. Another advantage of the desired type of stairs is that the temperature will not leave the sauna at the moment the door is opened.

What should be considered when installing stairs?

How to calculate the correct size?

In order to calculate which staircase is suitable for a particular case, you need to find out what is the distance between the floors of the first floor and the attic in the bath. To the height of the ceilings is added a value equal to the height of the floors and the thickness building materials that were used on the second floor.

You need to understand what is the appropriate slope of the bath. It can be from 22 to 38 degrees. For a higher angle value, less installation space is required.

To calculate the required number of steps, you need to find out the distance between the floors of two floors, and then divide the resulting value by the base height of the steps. It is equal to 16 centimeters. The resulting number can be rounded.

For example, the height between the floor of the first and second floors of the bath is 285 centimeters. is 16 centimeters. Then 285 is divided by 16, it turns out 17.8 centimeters. This value can be rounded up to 18 centimeters. It turns out that in the desired staircase there will be 18 steps.

To understand what the allowable lifting step will be, you need to divide 285 by 18. In total, the allowable step height will be 15.8 centimeters. This value is calculated for a person with an average height, as well as for tall people.

To check whether the calculation was made correctly, you need to multiply the height of the step by two, add the width of the selected step to the resulting value. You should get a number that is in the range from 590 to 655 millimeters. If the indicator fits the selected standards, then the calculations are correct. If you get a number that does not fit the established framework, then you need to correct the elements of the stairs in the bath. A standard staircase has a width of one meter.

for a bath on stringers?

When the calculations are completed, you can start working on the stairs. To install wooden stairs to the bath, you will need to make a small ledge from a wooden profile. You should first practice the skills of a carpenter. This work has its own template:

To fix the risers, wood glue is needed. The remaining parts are important to fix with self-tapping screws.

The final stage will be able to withstand the angle of the building. Some do not make a visor. The ladder must be safe in all weather, otherwise it is easy to fall in rainy weather.

It is important to treat the resulting staircase with varnish or other protective agent. Some choose drying oil for such purposes. Professionals do not advise saving on wood preservatives.

Do you need to paint?

Many do not know how to properly paint the stairs in the bath. There are supporters natural wood, without coatings. Such an opinion is erroneous. The staircase needs protection, otherwise decay processes will begin over time. Humidity is always high in the bath, mold and fungus may appear.

Wooden stairs to the bathhouse need a protective coating. Best of all, they are protected by special varnishes for wood, as well as drying oil. Ordinary coloring enamel has less protective functions than varnish. If you have to choose between no coating and paint, it is better to choose paint. You can pick up a woody shade, and it will practically not be noticeable. Layers should be applied thinly so that they have time to dry.

Nowadays, special wood impregnations have appeared that have protective functions. You can use this novelty in the construction market. This type of coating will not change the color of your stairs. There are series that give a light woody shade. Recently, people more often than others choose the colors "under the walnut" and "amber oak".

Spiral staircase: all the pros and cons

The spiral staircase in the bath attracts people with its appearance. It seems that such a design is very light and compact. A spiral staircase adds originality to the bath interior. It has a number of advantages:

There are also some features that many will consider disadvantages:

1. It is good to install screw structures in places where there is little traffic of people. You need to rise measuredly and calmly so as not to fall.
2. Since the steps are small in width, there is a risk of stumbling when descending.
3. Be sure to install handrails that will ensure safe movement.

So, we found out how you can build a ladder with your own hands in the bath. As you can see, there are several design options.

The attic room of the bath is often used as a utility room for storing brooms or a rest room. To access the second floor, a compact wooden staircase is usually constructed. You can build it on bowstrings or stringers with your own hands.

Content:

To climb to the second floor or attic in the bath, they install a production (collapsible) staircase or build a structure with their own hands. In the latter case, it is necessary not only to build it correctly, but also to correctly calculate the angle of inclination, dimensions, type of steps. The ladder for the bath should be compact, comfortable and safe. Calculate its location so that the exit to the second floor is near the wall. So you can significantly save space and expand the useful area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe dressing room.

Types of wooden stairs for a bath

Often, to enter a room or on a porch, a small structure is built on several steps. It is optimal to build it according to the calculations recommended by GOST:

• tilt angle - less than 45 degrees;
• step length - 80-100 cm;
• lifting step - from 17 cm;
• width - from 30 cm.

For the construction of the entrance stairs to the bath the best option considered pine or larch. At the same time, they must be treated with antifungal impregnation. Such structures are installed on a columnar or pile foundation.

The staircase in the bathhouse to the second floor can be made in various modifications:

1. Direct single-march. The simplest option, however, requires a large installation space.
2. U-shaped. For its construction, it is necessary to design mines in advance in the room.
3. L-shaped. They can be designed along one or two walls.
4. screw. Designed at an angle from 270 to 360 degrees. It must be installed counterclockwise, since most people start lifting with their right foot.
5. Samba or goose step. Compact, but rather inconvenient.

Before you start building a bath with your own hands, you need to decide on the materials of manufacture. For bath structures most often used:

• stainless steel. metal staircase does not deform or corrode. At the same time, it is easy to install and economical.
• Granite or fake diamond based on concrete. Model for Turkish baths.
• Tree. Traditional material for Russian baths.

We will focus on the construction of a wooden staircase.

IMPORTANT: wooden components for stairs must be moisture resistant. They must be treated with impregnation to protect against fungus, decay and insects.

For a sauna staircase made of wood, it is best suited: teak (about 500 rubles per step), larch (from 12 thousand rubles per cubic meter), ash (from 30 thousand rubles per cubic meter), wenge (about 100 thousand rubles per cubic meter), pine ( from 100 rubles per linear meter), oak (from 18 thousand per cubic meter), spruce (from 6.5 thousand rubles). Wood for stairs is used with a thickness of 4-5 cm. It must be carefully polished. It should not be slippery, but also without roughness.

Then we make approximate calculations. Here are a few key points to keep in mind:

1. It is undesirable to do more than three or four winder steps.
2. The width of the steps must be designed according to the length of the foot.
3. The size of the opening must be calculated so as not to hit your head during the descent.

Instructions for the construction of stairs on stringers for a bath

Stair structures are built on stringers and bowstrings. In the first case, each step is placed on a ledge of a sawtooth profile. This method requires certain carpentry and carpentry skills. Work is performed in the following sequence:

• We choose hard and dense wood for the manufacture of stringers.
• We cut out a step shape template from thick cardboard with the appropriate size and slope.
• To connect the stringers with the top floor and the base, we make special grooves and markings according to the prepared template at the ends.
• By marking, we cut out the protrusions with a jigsaw and process them with a grinding machine.
• We cut out a recess for fasteners in the floor beam and mount metal supports.
• We fix the support beam with anchors along the line of the bottom step.
• We install the stringers at the desired angle. We fix them from below and from above with anchors.
• For steps we use boards from 3.6 cm thick, for risers - from 2 cm.
• We cut and grind each workpiece.
• We lubricate the lower cutout of the stringer with wood glue or PVA to prevent squeaking. Exactly along the edges we apply the elements of the risers.
• We fix the parts with self-tapping screws and install steps above them.
• After laying all the steps, we mount the railing. For the manufacture of racks, you can use figured wooden blanks. We mount the railing handrails along a clearly corresponding slope of the stairs.

The erection of stairs on bowstrings in the bath

Mounting steps on bowstrings is much easier. It is possible to independently build such a modification, adhering to the following plan:

• We make measurements of the height from the floor of the room to the top of the future stairs. We round the number and divide it by 18, we get the desired number of risers.
• We fix the brass ladder gauges on the joiner's square in pre-calculated places.
• We check the material of the bowstring so that it is straight, and put a square on it evenly. We draw a riser line and, without moving the tool, draw a step line.
• Using the calibrators and lines, draw the outline of the bowstring until all the steps are drawn.
• We remove the calibrators from the square when drawing the last element.
• By using circular saw make cuts along the edges.
• Cut out the middle hand saw, apply the resulting part to the material and draw a contour.
• We make two edge and one middle bowstring.
• We adjust the height of the lower riser so that it is shorter by one step thickness.
• We attach a plywood sheet where the landing connects to the steps.
• We make marks for installing the bowstring and fasten it to the plywood.
• We cut out the same risers and fasten them with screws to the bowstrings.
• We attach the steps with screws and glue to prevent creaking and increase strength.
• For a general connection, we attach the upper step with screws to the plywood part.
• We mount the railing post in a vertical position and attach it with screws.
• We install the railings so that they repeat the angle of inclination of the stairs, and fasten them sequentially with screws.
• We assemble the handrails (railings) with nails and fasten fasteners to the stair structure.
• We attach the railing above the last crossbar, observing the correct slope.
• We prime and varnish the surface.

Do-it-yourself spiral staircase for a bath

The technology for constructing a spiral staircase is distinguished by more in-depth calculations. To correctly build such a structure, you should do it according to the following scheme:

• We make winder steps without risers. This will provide additional convenience when lifting.
• We design the step so that in the center its width is from 20 cm, and 15 cm from the racks is not less than 10 cm.
• We calculate the diameter of the structure from two meters, and the length of the steps - from 80 cm.
• We leave the height of the passage to the upper turn from 2 m.
• We use a thick-walled pipe made of stainless metal with a diameter of 5 cm or more as a supporting element. We install it strictly vertically at the very beginning of work. This will increase the strength of the stairs.
• Fasteners and anchors fasten the main support to wooden floor. If the floor is cement, then we concrete it using extensions.
• We drill a hole (with the diameter of the rack) in the narrow part of the tread to fix the step. For the installation of each element, we use bushings with the appropriate height.
• To prevent deformation of the step, we place a washer between the tread and the bushing. Its thickness is important to consider when designing the height of the sleeve. Otherwise, the staircase will turn out to be much higher than it was designed.
• We determine the length of the steps in accordance with the size of the rise in the ceiling. To calculate their number, the height of the entire structure is divided by the height of the opening between them. It should be from 18 to 20 cm, excluding the thickness of the step.
• We install steps with a slight overlap. We fix the structure with brackets between the edges of the wide part.
• We mount the final step on the floor with fasteners.
• We install the railing posts vertically to the steps and attach the handrails to them at the angle of the base of the stairs.
• We carry out decorative finishing.

With this step by step instructions and a photo of the stairs for the bath, you can perform all the work quickly and efficiently, the process is shown in more detail in the video:

The ladder in the bath is a compromise between convenience, safety and compactness. Remember that before you make a ladder in the bath, you need to draw up a thorough project. A high-quality staircase should not only be reliable, but also fit well into the interior of the room. If you are not sure that you can make your own design that meets all standards, you can pick up a ready-to-install option in the store.