Poisonous plants and their medicinal and poisonous properties. Potent and poisonous medicinal plants. Mass harvesting of medicinal plants in the region is not carried out, but there is such a possibility

It is difficult to imagine how many mysteries the Russian land is fraught with, and how many dangers it is fraught with is even more difficult to imagine. We will talk about the most dangerous and poisonous plants growing in Russia.

In fact, plant poison, if collected on a massive scale, could partly replace chemical, biological weapons .. and even simple weapons in some cases. There are stories when dedicated people used plant poisons in inhumane, selfish purposes, for example, eliminating the enemy.

In ancient Greece, with the help of hemlock juice (a plant that, by the way, is quite common in Russia), death sentences were carried out. Socrates, according to reports, was sent to the Other World with the help of hemlock juice, according to other sources - spotted hemlock. Both plants live safely in Russia.

As the legends say, earlier, during the capture of villages by enemies, the Russians, fleeing to save their lives, poured juices of poisonous plants stored in cellars into barrels of wine - belladonna, henbane, etc.

Many herbs have healing properties, but there are those that can bring not only healing, but also death. The paradox is that almost all poisonous plants are used for the preparation of medicines along with useful ones, only the raw materials are carefully dosed.

As they say (the words of Paracelsus, a brilliant physician of all times and peoples): "Only the dose makes a substance a poison or a medicine."

Very often, the juices and raw materials of poisonous plants are used to treat the heart, stop bleeding, and relieve pain.

As antidotes (naturally for mild poisoning, and not when a person convulses), they used potato juice (and also juices of various vegetables, berries: sorrel, currants, beets, cucumbers, cabbage, cranberries), beaten egg white with raw milk, powder from dried orchid tubers, valerian root, elecampane root.

In total, about 10 thousand poisonous plants are known in the world, a lot of them grow in the tropics, subtropics, but on Russian soil, flowers and greens are almost entirely found that can, under certain conditions, harm a person. It’s just that we don’t eat and take all the plants in our hands - this saves us from the consequences. However, when visiting the forest, especially with children, one should not forget how much danger can lurk among the grass, because it is children who often suffer from plant poisons.

Consider the most common poisonous plants in Russia.

In the photo, milestones are poisonous

Milestone poisonous (or hemlock)

“Veh poisonous (spelling and pronunciation of milestones is allowed) (lat. Cicúta virósa) - a poisonous plant; a species of the genus Vex of the Umbelliferae family, common in Europe.

Other names: hemlock, cat's parsley, vyakha, omeg, omezhnik, water rabies, water hemlock, mutnik, dog angelica, gorigola, pig louse.

The active toxic substance is cicutoxin. When taking hemlock juice in non-lethal doses (up to 100 grams of rhizome), symptoms of intestinal poisoning begin in a few minutes, then foam from the mouth, staggering gait, dizziness. At higher doses, convulsions leading to paralysis and death.

It is easy to confuse hemlock with safer plants - this is its main danger. It tastes like parsley, rutabaga, celery, sweetish, cloying, which again makes hemlock harmless.

In Russia, it is found in nature almost everywhere. The most common-looking plant, which is very easy to confuse with a harmless one.

Pictured hemlock

hemlock spotted

“Spotted hemlock (lat. Conīum maculātum) is a biennial herbaceous plant, a species of the hemlock genus (Conium) of the Umbrella family (Apiaceae).

In Russia, it is found almost throughout the European part, in the Caucasus, in Western Siberia.

Poisonous properties are determined by the alkaloids coniine (the most poisonous), methylconiine, conhydrin, pseudoconhydrin, conicein. Hemlock fruits contain up to 2% alkaloids, leaves - up to 0.1%, flowers - up to 0.24%, seeds - up to 2%.

Coniine is the most poisonous substance of hemlock, when taken in large doses, it first causes excitation and then stops breathing.

“The first symptoms of poisoning are nausea, salivation, dizziness, impaired swallowing, speech, blanching of the skin. The initial excitation is accompanied by convulsions and turns into depression of the central nervous system. Characteristic is ascending paralysis, starting from the lower extremities, accompanied by loss of skin sensitivity. The pupils are dilated and do not react to light. Increasing suffocation can lead to respiratory arrest. In contact with the skin, the juice causes dermatitis.

Antidote is milk with a solution of potassium permanganate - Pink colour. In order to “die” a hemlock, you need to eat a lot - a couple of kilograms, there are known cases of the death of starving livestock. But the poisons isolated from the leaves and parts of the plant can be fatal in a much smaller volume.

However, hemlock is also used as a medicinal plant, it is considered almost sacred for traditional healers - they are treated with cancer, heart problems, etc.

Outwardly, it looks like a hemlock, there are spots on the stem, which is why it is named accordingly.

Pictured is a poisonous buttercup

Buttercup poisonous

“Poisonous buttercup (lat. Ranunculus sceleratus) is an annual or biennial herbaceous plant; species of the genus Buttercup (Ranunculus) of the Buttercup family (Ranunculaceae). Very poisonous."

There are many species of buttercup, poisonous is similar to safer species.

Active toxic substances: gamma-lactones (ranunculin and protoanemonin), flavonoids (kaempferol, quercetin, etc.).

There are known cases of animal poisoning, and the milk of cows that ate buttercups is also poisonous.

In humans, when gruel from parts of the plant gets on damaged skin, burns appear, and when it comes into contact with mucous membranes, sharp pain, spasms of the larynx. When taken orally in small doses, hemorrhagic lesions of the gastric tract occur. With more impressive doses and constant intoxication with poisons - violations of the heart, kidney damage, vasoconstriction.

On the photo is henbane

Henbane

Belena (lat. Hyoscýamus) - genus herbaceous plants family Nightshade (Solanaceae).

Active toxic substances: atropine, hyoscyamine, scopolamine.

“Symptoms of poisoning (confusion, fever, palpitations, dry mouth, blurred vision, etc.) appear after 15-20 minutes.”

All parts of the plant are poisonous.

In the photo belladonna

Belladonna

Name this poisonous flower received from the formation of two Italian words " beautiful woman”(Bella donna), as the Italians put the juice of the plant in their eyes to dilate the pupils and make their eyes shine.

With mild poisoning (coming in 10-20 minutes), tachycardia, delirium, agitation begin, pupils dilate, photophobia. In severe poisoning - convulsions, heat, a fall blood pressure, paralysis of the respiratory center, vascular insufficiency.

Pictured raven eye

Crow's eye four leaf

“Crow’s eye is four-leafed, or Crow’s eye is ordinary (lat. Pāris quadrifōlia) is a species of herbaceous plants from the genus Crow’s eye of the Melantiev family (earlier this genus was assigned to the Lilein family). poisonous plant».

The plant is deadly poisonous. Often children suffer, because the berry is quite beautiful and attractive in appearance.

“The leaves act on the central nervous system, the fruits on the heart, the rhizomes cause vomiting. Symptoms of poisoning: abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, dizziness attacks, convulsions, disruption of the heart until it stops. The use of the plant for medicinal purposes is prohibited.

In the photo castor bean

Castor bean

« Castor bean (Ricinus commúnis) is an oilseed, medicinal and ornamental garden plant. Used to decorate parks. According to sources, deaths from eating parts of the plant are rare, but the castor bean is considered a highly poisonous species.

Active toxic substances ricin, ricinin.

« All parts of the plant contain the protein ricin and the alkaloid ricinin and are poisonous to humans and animals (LD50 about 500 μg). Ingestion of plant seeds causes enteritis, vomiting and colic, bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract, disturbance of water and electrolyte balance and death after 5-7 days. Damage to health is irreparable, survivors cannot fully restore health, which is explained by the ability of ricin to irreversibly destroy proteins in human tissues. Inhalation of ricin powder similarly affects the lungs."

It is amazing that castor beans are made Castor oil so popular in medicine. To neutralize the poison, the raw materials are treated with hot steam.

Castor oil is considered one of the most poisonous plants in the world.

In the photo Chemeritsa Lobel

Hellebore Lobel

“Hemeritsa Lobelya, or Hellebore Lobelieva (lat. Verattrum lobeliánum) is a plant species of the genus Hellebore of the Melantiev family. Medicinal, poisonous, insecticidal plant.

Contains toxic substances alkaloids: yervin, rubyervin, isorubiyervin, germine, germidine, protoveratrin.

Hellebore is a very poisonous plant, its roots contain 5-6 alkaloids, of which the most poisonous protoveratrin, which is able to suppress the central nervous system, has a harmful effect on the gastrointestinal tract and cardiovascular system.

If you use the plant inside, it starts to burn the throat, a severe runny nose appears, then psychomotor agitation, weakening of cardiac activity, hypotension, bradycardia, shock and death (when using high doses of root juice), usually consciousness persists until death occurs - at high concentrations of poison, death can come in a couple of hours.

In the photo dope

Datura common (stinky)

Poisonous substances: atropine, hyoscyamine, scopolamine.

“Symptoms of poisoning: motor agitation, sharp pupil dilation, reddening of the face and neck, hoarseness, thirst, headache. Subsequently, speech impairment, coma, hallucinations, paralysis.

In the photo aconite

Aconite, or wrestler

One of the most poisonous plants. Extremely dangerous even when used externally.

The active toxic substances are aconitine, sonorine.

The taste is burning, immediately causes neurological disorders, including tachycardia, tremor of the limbs, dilated pupils, and headache. Then convulsions, clouding of consciousness, delirium, respiratory failure, if no help is provided - death.

Pictured wolfberry

Wolf bast, or wolf berry

For a fatal outcome, according to information from medical sources, it is enough for an adult to consume 15 berries, for a child 5. Causes severe poisoning, death if no help is provided.

Active toxic substances: diterpenoids: daphnetoxin, meserein; coumarins - daphnin, daphnetin.

In the photo, rosemary

Ledum marsh

The active toxic substances are ledol, cymol, palustrol, arbutin.

Negatively affects the central nervous system.

“Symptoms: dry mouth, numbness of the tongue, speech disturbance, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, general weakness, impaired coordination of movements, clouding of consciousness, increased or decreased pulse, convulsions, agitation, after 30–120 minutes, paralysis of the central nervous system is possible.

In small doses, it is used as a medicine for lung diseases.

In the photo autumn colchicum

Colchicum autumn

In parts of the flower is a deadly poison - colchicine, which acts like arsenic. The process of damage to the body can take up to several days and weeks. Even if it comes into contact with the skin, the poison causes severe burns.

"Oleander juice taken internally causes severe colic in humans and animals, vomiting and diarrhea, and then leads to serious problems in the activity of the heart and central nervous system. The cardiac glycosides contained in it can cause cardiac arrest. Due to the poisonousness of the plant, it is not recommended to place it in children's institutions.

In the photo dieffenbachia

dieffenbachia

Widespread in Russia indoor plant. Mainly causes dermatitis. However, deaths have also been reported from ingestion of the plant's juice.

Plants such as sweet clover, tansy, lily of the valley, wormwood, sage are less toxic than, for example, aconites, however, in large doses and with constant intake, they can cause irreversible damage to the body.

For example, lily of the valley juice affects the heart muscle, sage and wormwood contain substances that can cause psychosis, tansy is very toxic when taken in large doses. Sweet clover contains the poison coumarin, dicoumarin, when taken in large doses, it prevents blood clotting and causes bleeding.

Cerberus is also grown in Russia - one of the most beautiful flowers with a jasmine aroma. True, only in decorative form, on window sills. In hot countries, this plant is called the "suicide tree": in parts of the flower there is an extremely dangerous poison cerberin - a glycoside, it blocks the conduction electrical impulses disrupts the heart rhythm. Even the smoke from burning the leaves of the plant is dangerous.

In ancient times, when there were no pistols and modern technologies, to eliminate enemies with might and main used natural poisons. They lubricated the arrowheads of the bow with the juice of poisonous plants, which guaranteed the death of the enemy, they actively used the same aconite.

Poisonous plants in Russia actually grow everywhere. Their danger is mainly not that they grow everywhere - after all, people do not eat them en masse, but that they are similar to others, edible, and that many are beautiful: for example, they are simply confused with useful plants which is fraught.

Probably, every person once heard about the benefits of medicinal plants and that almost every plant that is found around us has healing properties. Our ancestors knew how to use this or that herb for therapeutic purposes, and much of their knowledge has come down to us and remains relevant to this day. Among all healing plants, there is a certain group of crops that are poisonous. It would seem that the use of plants of this kind can give ?! But it turns out when correct use they are able to work real miracles - to cure even very serious diseases. Let's discuss the use of medicinal poisonous plants in folk medicine.

The use of poisonous plants

May lily of the valley

This medicinal plant has long been used in folk medicine. This attractive plant used for the treatment of various diseases of the heart and blood vessels. It is used to correct acute or chronic heart failure, heart defects and hypertension. It has an excellent vasoconstrictive effect and improves blood circulation.

Also, this plant has sedative qualities, so it is sometimes used in the treatment of neurosis, epilepsy, headaches and insomnia. Sometimes healers recommend the use of lily of the valley in the treatment of paralysis, thyroid disease and disorders in the urinary system.

Large celandine

This plant is one of the most popular medicinal crops. It is used externally - to eliminate acne, acne, burn lesions, abscesses, boils and herpes. There is evidence that celandine helps to cope with fungal infections of the skin and nails, eczema, skin tuberculosis, psoriasis, seborrhea, etc.

If we talk about internal consumption, then medicines based on this plant are often advised to be taken for cancers of various localizations. In addition, drugs for internal use contribute to the treatment of tuberculosis, bronchial asthma, gastritis, whooping cough, cough, ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract and inflammation of the large intestine. Celandine helps to cope with diseases of the liver and gallbladder, it is advised to use it in the treatment of cholelithiasis and hepatitis. Another such plant is effective for goiter, etc.

Digitalis

This is a fairly common plant, which is most often used in the treatment of cardiovascular ailments. Preparations based on it contribute to the treatment of chronic heart failure and severe circulatory disorders. Digitalis effectively eliminates cardiac edema, benefits patients with hypertension and tachycardia. It should be taken when correcting acute infectious lesions, thyrotoxicosis, atrial fibrillation, etc. Healers advise using foxglove for many skin ailments, it has an excellent anesthetic effect.

A few more medicinal and poisonous plants used in folk medicine:

Backache or Sleep-grass

This beautiful herb is widely used by healers for the treatment of various health disorders. It helps to achieve an expectorant effect, so it should be used in the treatment of whooping cough, bronchitis and pneumonia. Another such medicinal plant helps to achieve an analgesic effect, eliminates inflammation and soothes. Sleep-grass is used in the gynecological field, it is also treated with joint ailments, epilepsy, neurotic conditions, hysteria, insomnia, and sexual excitement. In addition, such a plant can be used externally - for the treatment of fungal diseases and as an antimicrobial agent.

Aconite

This is a well-known poisonous plant, which, nevertheless, is widely used by traditional medicine specialists. There is evidence that such a culture has a pronounced antiseptic effect, helps to eliminate inflammation, promotes the treatment of tumors and neutralizes spasms. Traditional medicine specialists use preparations based on aconite in the treatment of diseases of the musculoskeletal system and neuralgia. Such funds can help patients with various oncological diseases. They are advised to use in the correction of epilepsy, headaches and hypertension. There is evidence that aconite may contribute speedy recovery with pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis, ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, diphtheria, etc.
This plant is also sometimes used as an antihelminthic and wound healing agent.

Henbane black

It is a highly poisonous plant, yet it is effective in treating many health problems. Traditional medicine specialists use black henbane to correct convulsions, hysteria and nervous tics. Such a plant helps to cope with violations menstrual cycle and pathological menopause. Some drugs based on it contribute to the treatment of bronchial asthma, spasms in the intestines and bladder. In addition, henbane extract is a common remedy for the treatment of oncological ailments.
External use of this plant allows you to cope with diseases of the joints, abscesses, tumors and bone tuberculosis.

Ledum marsh

This is another poisonous plant that is popular with healers. Ledum is used as a vasodilator, in addition, it effectively suppresses cough. Accordingly, preparations based on it help to cope with bronchitis, tuberculosis, bronchial asthma, whooping cough and hypertension. In addition, this plant is recommended for patients with enterocolitis, diseases of the cardiovascular system, etc.
The external use of Ledum helps to eliminate a variety of skin diseases, joint ailments, myositis and neuritis.

There are a lot of poisonous and at the same time medicinal plants in folk medicine, which did not fall into either this description or many others open to the general public. Poisonous medicinal plants are best used after the approval of your doctor and only strictly adhering to the dosage. Independent use according to any schemes is categorically not desirable.

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Poisonous medicinal plants

Introduction

1. How to collect plants

2. Drying and storing herbs

Literature

Introduction

Almost 500 thousand species of plants are known to science, of which only about 290 plants are described in the atlas of medicinal plants, which does not mean at all that the rest of the plants are devoid of healing properties. An old legend tells how a healer sent his student into the forest with the task of bringing some completely useless plants, but the student could not complete the teacher's task, because he did not find a single useless plant. As the American philosopher R. Emerson wrote, "any weed is a medicinal plant, the merits of which have not yet been revealed." Any plant is donated to us by nature for the good, and the task of man is to correctly understand its purpose.

The researchers found that people ancient world up to 21 thousand plant species were used. Already at the earliest stages of human development, plants were not only a source of food for people, they helped a person get rid of diseases. The oldest medical treatise that has come down to us is a tablet found during excavations of a Sumerian city (3rd millennium BC). There are 15 recipes in 145 lines in Sumerian.

The culture and knowledge of the ancient Sumerians were inherited by the Babylonians, who used medicinal purposes licorice root, dope, henbane, flax-seed and others. The Babylonians noticed that sunlight negatively affects healing properties some plants, so they were dried in the shade, and some herbs were even collected at night. Plants were widely used in China, India, Tibet. Back in 3216 BC. e. Chinese emperor Shen-nong wrote a work on medicine "Ben-cao" ("Herbalist"), which mainly described herbal remedies. Chinese medicine has used over 1500 plants.

Ancient Indian medicine, set forth in Ayurveda (1st century BC), used about 800 plants, which are still used today. From the 3rd century n. e. In India, the cultivation of medicinal plants began.

Tibetan medicine arose on the basis of Indian medicine, and in the treatise on Tibetan medicine "Jud-Shi" there is a large section on the use of medicinal plants.

Avicenna's book "The Canon of Medicine" describes about 900 plants and how to use them.

In the "Papyrus of Eber", dating back to the 6th century BC, the Egyptians collected more than 900 herbal recipes for various diseases. And in Europe, herbal treatment came from ancient Greece.

The action of herbal medicines is determined by the active substances contained in various parts of the plant: alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, essential oils and others. It cannot be said that herbal preparations completely replace synthetic medicines, but in our time herbal medicine (treatment with medicinal plants) is experiencing its rebirth.

Scientific medicine began its development in ancient Greece. The founder of scientific medicine was Hippocrates (460-370 BC). In his medical practice, he used about 200 medicinal plants and applied them without processing. Hippocrates believed that medicinal substances are found in nature in an optimal form, and medicinal plants in their raw form and in the form of juices have the best effect on the human body. The ancient Greek physician wrote that "medicine is the art of imitating the healing effects of nature."

IN Ancient Rome medicine developed under the strong influence of Greek medicine. Doctors still use the famous recipes of herbal medicines of the Roman physician Galen, and it is not without reason that pharmaceutical production using plant materials is called galenopharmaceutical. The works of Galen were of great importance not only for ancient Roman medicine, but also for the subsequent development of medicine and pharmacy. Highest value have two of his herbalists, which describe more than 300 medicines from plants. Gallen, in contrast to Hippocrates, believed that plants have two principles: one of them has a healing effect on a sick organism, the other is useless or even harmful. The active principle prefers liquid to the dried plant, so it is easy to separate it from the useless one. To do this, the medicinal plant should be infused or boiled with water, wine, vinegar. Gallen introduced the technology for obtaining such dosage forms as tinctures and extracts. Extracts from medicinal plants quickly gained popularity in all European countries. Galen had his own pharmacy in Rome, where he himself prepared medicines for the sick. He described the manufacture of powders, pills, ointments, plasters, mustard plasters, fees. poisonous medicinal plant treatment

It's no secret to anyone that last years there has been a significant increase in interest in herbal preparations. Returning to the experience of traditional medicine, in this case phytotherapy, people tend to avoid many side effects inherent in antibiotics and other synthetic drugs. During the existence of mankind, experience in the use of phytopreparations has been accumulated really considerable, and when used correctly, herbal preparations have a milder effect, are less toxic than synthetic ones and do not cause addiction and allergies. Moreover, plants not only do not inhibit the body's defenses, but, on the contrary, are active against many strains of microorganisms that have already acquired resistance to antibiotics, and are able to enhance human immunity, thereby helping him to cope with the disease. However, it should be noted that all this is true only with their competent and correct use.

Unfortunately, there is an opinion among the people that herbal medicine is absolutely safe and harmless, and, accordingly, it can be used without restrictions and medical supervision. If, when purchasing a chemically synthesized drug in a pharmacy, most patients are at least wary (which, in general, is correct), then the same people can take a decoction from a collection of medicinal plants on the advice of a neighbor almost without hesitation.

Meanwhile, such carelessness is dangerous, because among medicinal plants, even quite widely used, there are many poisonous ones. Yes, and sometimes it is precisely this fact of toxicity that makes them medicinal, and their beneficial or harmful effect is determined by the dosage and, moreover, quite accurate. Another thing is that in plants, unlike synthetic drugs, the active substances are in balanced complexes, and this fact, of course, softens and optimizes their action. Nevertheless, any, including a natural drug, has both its indications and contraindications, and in case of an overdose, its therapeutic effect is replaced by a toxic one.

Thus, when using medicinal herbs for treatment, it is necessary to take into account all of the above. The optimal course is treatment by a professional phytotherapeutist, which is not always possible, therefore, using prescriptions for medicinal preparations on your own, and using reference information, you must:

strictly observe the dosage indicated in the prescription when mixing medicinal raw materials;

prepare a dosage form (infusion, decoction, tincture, etc.) accurately maintaining the technology of its preparation;

observe the rules for storing the prepared form;

strictly observe the dosage when taking the finished medicine;

carefully study the contraindications of all components included in the collection and correlate them with the present diagnosis, as well as the patient's previous diseases.

Only this approach will ensure the optimal effect and safety of treatment using medicinal herbs. Below is a list of the main, most potent medicinal plants, the use of which requires special care, as well as their main contraindications.

1. How to collect plants

Collecting herbs is a wonderful, exciting activity for the whole family, which gives a person the opportunity to observe nature, comprehend its essence, and this already brings a person closer to nature, makes his life healthier and more harmonious. For plants to really give people healing, you need to follow a few simple rules.

1. You need to collect plants only in good places- this means that for medicinal purposes, plants should be collected away from industrial centers (20-25 km), away from roads (at least 100-150 m); you can not collect medicinal plants near fields treated with herbicides and pesticides; Medicinal plants should not be collected near landfills.

It is safest to collect plants in places far from human habitation (where the cock is not heard), or high in the mountains.

2. Plants must be harvested on time; this means that it is best to harvest the plants in the morning after the dew has dried. You can not collect plants after rain - when dried, they will lose their color and smell.

3. Collecting plants should be a kind person with a good mood, who wants to help people and himself. Collecting medicinal herbs is a whole ritual. Many folk healers, when collecting herbs, read prayers, apologize to the plant that they pick, and ask that it serve people with its healing power.

It is very important to know which parts of a given plant are the most healing and when it is time to collect them.

Many medicinal plants use the entire greenery, that is, the entire above-ground part. If the word "grass" is written in the collection recipe, this means the entire aerial part: flowers, stem, leaves. In many plants, for example: wormwood, St. John's wort, motherwort, it is recommended to pluck only flowering tops - 10-15 cm.

In many medicinal plants, only flowers are collected.

Flowers and "grass" are collected at the beginning of flowering, when the plant is at the zenith of its vitality. At the end of flowering, some of these forces will already be lost. In umbrella plants, umbrellas are cut off. In some plants, only the petals break off (mullein, blue cornflower).

Sometimes only the leaves of the medicinal plant are used. Leaves must be collected before flowering or at the beginning of budding. The leaves of spring plants used fresh for salads (nettle, birch, dandelion, primrose) are best collected when they have barely blossomed soft, pale green - they already contain all the active ingredients in maximum concentration. The leaves are cut off by hand, usually developed basal, low and medium stem leaves are collected. Leaves that are faded, wilted, eaten by insects or affected by fungi should not be collected. When collecting leaves, remember that you can not pick off more than 25% of the leaves from the plant so that the remaining ones are enough for the normal life of the plant.

The roots of plants are very carefully dug up in autumn or early spring, that is, after the death of the aerial part, when the whole Vital energy plants are at the root. Rhizomes and roots are first shaken off the ground, and then washed in running water. The washed roots are laid out on a cloth and dried in the sun. The roots of galangal, serpentine, burnet are dried in the sun; Valerian roots in the sun are only ventilated, further drying is done in the shade.

Seeds and fruits are harvested when they are ripe.

The bark of trees and shrubs - oak, viburnum, buckthorn, aspen - should be collected in the spring during the period of increased sap production. At this time, the bark is easily separated from the wood. Later, when growth stops, the bark is not removed. To remove the bark, ring-shaped cuts are made on young branches with a sharp knife at a distance of 25-50 cm from one another, connected with one or two longitudinal cuts, and then removed in the form of grooves. If the bark is covered with lichen growths, then they must first be thoroughly cleaned with a knife, otherwise the raw material will be spoiled and it will not be possible to obtain a full-fledged medicine from it. In buckthorn, the bark is removed from trunks and branches, and in oak, only from young side branches. Buckthorn bark can be used as a laxative after 1 year of storage. The fresh bark is poisonous and causes vomiting. You can destroy the nauseating effect of the bark by heat treatment (heat for 1 hour at 100 ° C).

Kidneys, such as birch, pine, spruce, poplar, and currant, are also used as medicinal raw materials. The buds are harvested in early spring when they are swollen but not starting to grow, usually in March-April. Large buds (pine) are cut with a knife, small ones (birch) are threshed after drying the branches. The kidneys should be dried for a long time and only in a cool, ventilated room, because they will start growing in a warm place. Or it is necessary to keep the kidneys for 10 days in the cold, then dry at a temperature not higher than 30-35 ° C.

A significant part of the medicinal herbs used today in medicine is bred for commercial purposes. The chemical composition of herbs and the amount of active substances differ from those of wild plants, because these properties depend on the area and natural growing conditions. As is known, plants grown in the mountains or in the harsh climate of the Urals and Siberia contain more biologically active substances, i.e., where there are significant differences in day and night temperatures, summer and winter. But commercial plant breeding with proper and reasonable agricultural practices is fully justified, since it guarantees a certain quality and protection of plants from environmental poisons, and also contributes to the conservation and breeding of rare plant species, the collection of which under natural conditions can lead to their complete destruction.

When collecting plants, leave at least 30% of the plants intact, this is necessary for their normal reproduction in nature.

2. Drying and storing herbs

Proper collection of medicinal plants is not all. Subsequent drying is no less important. Almost all medicinal plants must be dried, whether they are taken to a pharmacy, processed by a pharmaceutical factory, or left by a picker for home use. Drying medicinal plants is not as easy as it might seem at first glance: drying in a damp or poorly ventilated area, as well as belated or premature harvesting of plants, can spoil the raw materials and turn out to be just a waste of time, effort, labor and money.

Before drying, vegetable raw materials are sorted, removing accidentally caught parts of other plants or parts of the same plant that are not provided for by the harvest (for example, leaves in flower raw materials), as well as browned and damaged parts and other debris.

The process of drying the harvested plants is the most significant moment in the harvesting process. There are several ways of drying vegetable raw materials: air shadow, air solar and thermal with artificial heating.

Air shade drying is used for herbs, leaves and flowers that are under the influence of direct sun rays fade, turn brown, lose their natural color and proper appearance; the amount of active substances in such substandard raw materials is reduced. Such drying is carried out in well-ventilated rooms or in attics, and in good weather - in the open air, but in the shade, under a special canopy, and better in the wind; enclosed spaces can be equipped with shelving units with sliding frames covered with mesh. You can also dry raw materials on gauze hammocks, hanging them in the attic between the rafters. In hammocks, gauze is stretched over spacers so that it does not wrinkle or stray: hammocks are very convenient for drying, since in this case the raw material is ventilated not only from above, but also from below and from the sides, so drying is faster.

Air solar drying is used for root and rhizomatous raw materials containing tannins and alkaloids, as well as for juicy fruits.

With both methods of drying, the raw materials are laid out in a thin layer (from 1 to 3 cm) and turned over at least once a day; during solar drying, the raw materials are removed into the room at night, and during the shady drying, the doors and windows of the room in which the raw materials are located are closed at night.

Thermal drying with artificial heating is optimal for all types of raw materials, but temperature regime set for each type. Herbs, leaves, flowers, roots, rhizomes and bulbs are dried at a temperature of 50--60°, fruits and seeds - at 70--90°, all raw materials containing essential oils - at 35--40°C. For this, special dryers are used. In the absence of them, the raw materials are dried in (on) Russian ovens. The oven should not be very hot, otherwise the raw material will burn. To check the temperature of the furnace, you need to throw a piece of paper into it: if it does not char and turn very yellow, you can put the raw materials. In the first 1-2 hours, the pipe is not closed, the damper should be placed on two bricks and the upper edge bent so that outside air is drawn in, and warm air saturated with moisture from the raw material comes out into the pipe. Recently, the drying of raw materials began to be carried out in gas and electric stoves. At the same time, the flame of the gas burner must be minimal (heating regulator of the electric oven at the “I” mark), the oven door is ajar.

Dry fruits and seeds lose moisture even before threshing and almost do not need drying. If necessary, dry them outdoors or indoors.

The buds should be dried very carefully - for a long time and in a cool room, as they quickly bloom in warmth. Large buds (pines, poplars) are cut from the shoots directly on the spot, and small ones (birches) are harvested together with shoots 50-60 cm long and threshed only after drying; threshed shoots are used to make brooms. Buds are harvested in concentrated felling areas, along the way they are collected during sanitary and thinning cuttings, as well as in plantings, but in this case - exclusively from the lower shoots.

When preparing the bark, young plants or shoots are cut down or cut down, and then the smooth bark is completely removed from them (the old cracked one contains a lot of cork and few active substances). Partial harvesting of the bark (i.e., not from the entire shoot, but only from one of its sides), which was practiced until recently, cannot now be recommended, since damaged plants become a breeding ground for phytodiseases that spread to surrounding plants; this contributes to the development of unsanitary conditions in the plant community. The harvesting of bark, as well as buds, accompanies various cuttings in forestry, but it is also possible under the forest canopy, as well as in regenerating cutting areas. For the bark, heat drying is preferable, since during the harvesting period it is still too cool and damp to dry the raw material in the air. During drying, it is necessary to ensure that the pieces of bark, bent by the grooves, do not nest into each other, otherwise they will grow moldy and rot from the inside. The bark can be stored for 3 to 5 years.

When harvesting leaves, only the lower ones should be plucked so as not to damage the flowering and fruiting of plants. Thick and juicy petioles slow down drying, contain few active ingredients, so they are removed (in tripoli, or watch, coltsfoot). When collecting nettle leaves, the plants are first mowed, and when the leaves are withered and lose their pungency, they are cut off. It is unproductive to pick off small leathery leaves (in bearberry, lingonberry) with your hands, therefore, the shoots of plants are first dried, and then the leaves are cut off from them, combing the branches, or threshed, throwing out the stem parts. The final cleaning is carried out on grates. Leaves with thin leaf blades dry unevenly: the leaf blades dry out, while the veins and petioles remain soft. Therefore, such leaves are dried until the petioles become brittle. After drying, the leaves are raked into a heap and left for several days: due to their hygroscopicity, they are slightly moistened and crumble less when packed. Leaves are stored from 1 to 3 years.

The term "herbs" in pharmacognosy refers to leafy and flower-bearing stems of herbaceous plants - either the entire aerial part, or only the tops of the stems: for some species (thyme, sweet clover), the term "grass" means a mixture of leaves, flowers and small stems, and sometimes and the whole plant along with the roots (for example, cudweed marsh). Herbs are harvested by cutting off the entire aerial part at the level of the lower leaves with a knife, sickle or secateurs. Bare stems do not touch. If the plant forms pure thickets, it is cut with a scythe, and foreign impurities are removed before drying. In plants with hard stems (wormwood, succession, sweet clover), leaves and flowering tops are collected separately. When harvesting grass, raw materials must be cut, not plucked, so as not to uproot the entire plant. At home, herbs are usually dried in thin bunches, hanging them on ropes. In general, ordinary drying is recommended for grass - shady, or thermal with artificial heating. Grass is stored for 1-2 years.

Flowers should be collected at the beginning of flowering plants. Untimely collected, they lose their color or are more than usual crushed when dried. The term “flowers” refers not only to individual flowers, but also to their parts (for example, only corollas are collected from a mullein) and even entire inflorescences (baskets of chamomile, marigolds or linden inflorescences along with a covering leaf, etc.) When harvesting, the flowers are cut off without pedicels , and baskets of composite plants are collected by combing during collection, after which the pedicels are cut off. When collecting chamomile, special scoop combs are used. Compositae baskets are harvested in the phase of the horizontal arrangement of reed flowers, and those plants that have only tubular flowers - at the beginning of the blooming of marginal flowers. The increased crushing of dried flowers reduces the quality of medicinal raw materials or makes them unsuitable for consumption. When collecting flowers from trees and shrubs, sticks with a hook are used to bend the branches, and for cutting, they use a pruner or delimber. Flowers are the most delicate parts of the plant, so they should not be packed tightly in a closed container. It is best to collect them in baskets and immediately dry them after collection, spreading them out in a layer of 1 cm and not turning them over so as not to fray. You can only stir baskets of Compositae - tansy, chamomile, calendula, etc. The shelf life of flower raw materials is up to 2 years.

Fruits and seeds should be harvested fully ripe, with rare exceptions. In plants with extended flowering, the fruits ripen repeatedly, and while some of the fruits are not yet ripe, the ripe ones are already crumbling - this leads to large losses. In this case, the tops of the plants are cut off at the moment when half of the fruits are ripe, then the plants are tied in bunches and hung to ripen all the fruits in a dry room. When ripe, the fruits fall off, they can be easily harvested, and dry sheaves can be threshed. Umbrella fruits (anise, fennel, cumin) should be harvested early in the morning with dew or in wet weather. All dry fruits after drying are screened from dust and impurities, and finally cleaned on winnowers.

3. Precautions for handling poisonous plants

Among even well-known medicinal plants, there are many poisonous, but successfully used for medicinal purposes. Therefore, you cannot self-medicate without an accurate diagnosis of your disease by the attending physician and without his recommendation or advice on the possibility of using folk remedies at home.

Remember that any herb, for others the most useful and harmless, can be a powerful allergen for you. Hay fever is a very serious condition caused only by the smell of herbs, but not the worst when an allergic reaction causes swelling too quickly. respiratory tract. Therefore, even an herb approved for your treatment needs to be checked to see if it is compatible with your body. Phytotherapists always warn patients that the minimum dose should be used at the first dose. And if you feel worse, if you have a rash on your face and hands, in no case do not try to be treated with this particular herb. In the arsenal of both scientific and traditional medicine, there are enough other herbs of life, very similar in chemical composition for the treatment of the same diseases.

So, the first rule: "do not harm yourself!" Find out if this herb is right for you.

Rule two: you can not be treated endlessly with the same herb. Ask your doctor how many days you can take this medicine, after how many days you should resume phytotherapy. Firstly, the body becomes "addicted" and secondly, the body can become oversaturated with chemicals that were contained in the grass and helped you cope with the disease. But in large quantities, these same substances can cause irreparable harm to your body. Practitioners have noted cases when the uncontrolled and prolonged use of such wonderful plants as, for example, St.

Be sure to bring scissors and a knife to gather herbs.

When collecting plants, try not to tear poisonous herbs. with bare hands; it is impossible that their juice or dust from them get into your eyes and nose.

After harvesting, the poisonous herb should be dried in a place that is inaccessible to children and pets.

Store raw materials containing toxic and potent substances in lockable cabinets or pantries.

Be sure to label the jars and boxes of herbs with the name of the herb and when it was picked.

Notes.

1. Be sure to bring scissors and a knife to collect medicinal herbs. You will not only significantly speed up the collection and facilitate labor, but also save the life of the plant.

2. Do not put different herbs in one bag and dry them separately. Remember that a mistake can harm you.

Literature

1. Big medical encyclopedia.

2. Reference book on folk and alternative medicine. Tula: Ariel, 1996.

3. Danikov Nikolay Illarionovich Your herbalist: M.: RIPOL, 1996.

4. Home herbalist. Smolensk: Rusich, 1999.

5. Home pharmacy. M: Eksmo-Press: Lik press, 2001.

6. E.T. Mikhailenko, V.E. Radzinsky, K.A. Zakharov. Medicinal plants in obstetrics and gynecology. K .: Zdorov, I, 1984. 136 p.

7. V.E. Radzinsky, H.A. Anneev, O.A. Anneeva. Medicinal plants of Turkmenistan in obstetrics, gynecology and pediatrics. Ashgabat, 1994, 175 p.

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hogweed

This name of a poisonous plant is familiar to many, because only in our country there are more than 40 species of Hogweed (not all of them are poisonous).

It is not difficult to recognize it: hogweed is a large and usually tall plant (it can reach 2.5 meters) with small white flowers collected in "umbrellas". Very often, Hogweed grows along country roads.

Its danger lies in the fact that this plant is capable of leaving a serious burn on the skin, especially on a sunny day. The reason for this is the substance furanocoumarins, under the influence of ultraviolet radiation, they enhance their effect. The very touch of the leaves of Hogweed is painless in itself, until the sunlight begins to actively enter the site of the lesion. The consequences can be a second-degree burn. It is extremely dangerous for the juice of the plant to get into the eyes. The result can be complete or partial loss of vision.

As a first aid for a burn with Hogweed, you need to disinfect the affected area of the skin with furatsilin or potassium permanganate and smear Bepanten ointment.

Hogweed must be disposed of by carefully cutting off the buds (strictly in closed clothing and gloves). It will also be useful to use herbicides.

Crow's eye four leaf

The raven eye is a poisonous plant, quite attractive in appearance: in the center is a rosette of 4 leaves, and above them is one bright purple berry. All parts of the Crow's Eye are dangerous to life and health: berries for the heart, leaves for the central nervous system, roots for the stomach. Children often become victims of this poisonous plant, they are attracted by unusual berries, somewhat similar to blueberries or blueberries.

Signs of poisoning, depending on the part eaten, will be sharp pains in the abdomen, vomiting, diarrhea, convulsions or cardiac arrest.

If poisoning with the Crow's eye is suspected, an urgent gastric lavage should be done. It will not be superfluous to also take Regidron.

Consider 2 more poisonous plants common throughout Russia.

Lily of the valley

It is unlikely that anyone needs a visual description of the poisonous lily of the valley plant. Many have heard about the dangerous properties of this beautiful and beloved plant, but, nevertheless, few people take this information seriously. But in vain! Lily of the valley has very strong chemical properties, it is often used in minimal doses in pharmacology, and in general, it has proven itself well as an assistant in the fight against heart disease.

However, it is worth remembering that this plant is extremely poisonous and dangerous if thoughtlessly used on its own. Two or three berries eaten by a child during a walk in the forest can lead to a quick death!

With pallor of the skin, heart rhythm disturbance, weakness and nausea, it is urgent to induce vomiting, later take sorbents.

Wolf's bast

Poisoning by a poisonous plant Wolf's bast or Wolf's berry, as it is also called, is extremely dangerous. Outwardly, it looks like a shrub with glossy leaves and clusters. bright red fleshy berries that attract the eye. Despite its beauty, this plant is almost never used as an ornamental landscaping. Wolfberry contains a set of toxic substances. From one smell flowering plant a headache may ache, and if you eat more than 5 berries, a fatal outcome is extremely likely.

High salivation, burns, indigestion, burning in the eyes and mouth, bloody gastric discharge - this is an incomplete list of symptoms of this poisoning. the most dangerous plant. If the victim can still be saved, he is nevertheless guaranteed serious consequences for life associated with poor heart function.

Not only harm, but also benefit

Perhaps, reading this article, many will wonder - why, in fact, poisonous plants are needed?

In nature, there are no superfluous links: it is unique and thought out. The poisonous properties of individual plant species for humans is a disadvantage, while for the plants themselves it is the ability to evolve. Growth, survival, the ability to adapt to changing conditions - all this, many plants owe precisely to their toxicity.

In addition, over time, a person nevertheless learned to use harmful properties many herbs, flowers and berries for your benefit. An example of this is a huge number of medicines created on the basis of poisonous plants.

Poisonous medicinal plants

Avran officinalis. Higher doses cause uncontrollable vomiting. The plant is very poisonous, which is why it is generally not recommended to take it.

Spring Adonis. Poisonous plant. Dosage must be observed.

Calamus vulgaris (roots). With increased secretion of the stomach, the roots should not be taken.

Aloe (agave). The use of aloe preparations causes a rush of blood to the pelvic organs.

Agave is contraindicated in diseases of the liver and gallbladder, uterine bleeding, hemorrhoids, cystitis and pregnancy.

Aralia Manchurian. It is necessary to avoid the use of preparations from aralia for hypertension, insomnia, increased nervous excitability.

Arnica mountain. Arnica mountain is a poisonous plant, therefore, when using it, it is necessary to observe the exact dosage.

Marsh rosemary is also poisonous, its internal use requires great care, since the wrong dosage can cause inflammation of the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract.

Periwinkle is a poisonous plant. Follow the exact dosage.

Femur, or common anise - fresh can cause contact dermatitis.

Black henbane is a highly poisonous plant, it is necessary, when applying, to be extremely careful.

Warty birch. In view of the irritating effect on the kidneys, the use of infusion, decoction and tincture of birch buds as a diuretic is permissible only under the supervision of a physician. Do not take for a long time.

Immortelle (tsmin sandy) - increases blood pressure. Do not use in case of hypertension.

Budra is ivy-shaped. Internal application budry as a poisonous plant requires caution. It is required to strictly observe the dosage.

Valerian, roots. Do not use for a long time and in large quantities. In such cases, it acts depressingly on the digestive organs, causes headache, nausea, agitated state and disrupts the activity of the heart.

Cornflower blue. Due to the content of highly active compounds with a cyanic component in cornflower blue, care must be taken when using raw materials.

Basil. Take only as directed by a doctor, the plant is poisonous.

Field bindweed (birch). When using large amounts of the plant, phenomena such as vomiting, diarrhea, and general malaise may occur from the gastrointestinal tract.

Highlander pepper, highlander pochechuyny, highlander bird. It has a strong blood-clotting effect. Patients with thrombophlebitis do not take.

Pomegranate (fruit). Fruit juice should be drunk, always diluted with water, as the juice contains many different acids that irritate the stomach and corrode the enamel of the teeth.

It is necessary to use pomegranate bark carefully, since an overdose can cause dizziness, weakness, blurred vision, convulsions.

The hernia is smooth. It must be remembered that the hernia is a poisonous plant and, when used in higher doses than indicated, can cause severe poisoning.

Elecampane. Infusion and decoction are contraindicated in pregnancy and kidney disease.

Melilot medicinal. In case of overdose and prolonged use, it causes dizziness, nausea, vomiting, headaches, drowsiness, and sometimes damage to the liver and even the central nervous system.

Drok dyeing. In overdose, gorse poisoning resembles nicotine poisoning. The dosage must be strictly observed.

Datura ordinary. Poisonous plant. Do not take inside.

Common cocklebur. Poisonous plant. The dosage must be exactly followed.

Oregano ordinary. It should not be taken during pregnancy, as it acts abortively.

Medicinal fumes. Poisonous plant. Internal use requires great care.

Ginseng (root) - apply only in cold weather. The use of ginseng for a long time and in large doses causes negative effects: insomnia, palpitations, headaches, heart pain, decreased sexual potency, etc.

Larkspur is a poisonous plant. Internal use requires great care.

Joster laxative. Individual intolerance to the herb may be observed. Manifestations of intolerance - nausea and vomiting - are due to the fact that the substance emodin, present in the herb, irritates the mucous membrane of the digestive tract.

Hypericum perforatum. The plant is poisonous. Internal use requires great care. With prolonged use, it causes constriction of blood vessels and increases blood pressure.

Strawberry (berry). It should be remembered that some people have an increased sensitivity to strawberries, which causes allergic reactions in them, accompanied by urticaria, or other manifestations. In this case, you can not use strawberries.

Golden rose. Poisonous plant. The dosage must be exactly followed.

Viburnum ordinary. Due to the high content of purines, viburnum fruits are contraindicated in gout and kidney disease.

Cassia narrow-leaved. Large doses cause colic in the abdomen.

Kirkazon ordinary. The plant is poisonous, so it can be used only under the supervision of a doctor. During pregnancy, it can cause miscarriage.

Common sour. A poisonous plant, the dosage must be strictly observed.

European hoof. Its use as a highly poisonous plant requires great care.

The cat's foot is dioecious (immortelle). A strong blood-clotting agent. It should be used with caution in thrombophlebitis. Long-term use with high blood pressure is undesirable.

Nettle. Nettle without the advice of a doctor is not recommended. Preparations from this plant are contraindicated in people with increased blood clotting, patients with hypertension and atherosclerosis, and they should not be used for bleeding caused by cysts, polyps and tumors of the uterus and its appendages.

Red chilli pepper. Internal use of the tincture can cause acute gastrointestinal distress.

An ordinary cross. In case of an overdose, dry mouth is felt, palpitations occur. All varieties of the plant contain pyrozolidine alkaloids, which have a carcinogenic effect. Contraindications: glaucoma, organic diseases of the liver and kidneys.

Buckthorn brittle (bark). Poisonous plant. Bark should be used that has been aged for at least a year in a dry place or subjected to heating at 100 ° C for 1 hour. Otherwise, the use of bark is associated with a risk of poisoning (nausea, vomiting occur).

The cup is white. Poisonous plant. Internal use requires caution.

The cup is yellow. Poisonous plant. Internal use requires caution.

Corn silk. Strong blood clotting agent. Do not use in case of increased blood clotting.

European swimsuit. Poisonous plant, especially the roots. Application requires great care.

Kelp. Should not be taken with kidney disease.

May lily of the valley. Poisonous plant. The use of lily of the valley preparations is contraindicated in severe organic changes in the heart and blood vessels, acute myocardial infarction, endocarditis, and pronounced cardiosclerosis.

Leuzea safflower-like (maral root). The drug is used as directed and under the supervision of a physician, is contraindicated in people with severely elevated blood pressure, fundus disease.

Lemongrass Chinese. It is used according to the doctor's prescription and under his control, it is contraindicated in case of nervous excitement and overexcitation, insomnia, high blood pressure, severe cardiac disorders.

Bulb onions. Onion tincture is contraindicated in patients with heart and liver diseases, as well as kidney diseases.

Common flax. Poisonous plant. Internal use requires caution and precise dosage.

Flax-seed. Contraindications are cholecystitis and hepatitis. Long-term use of flaxseed is not recommended.

Lovage officinalis. May cause congestion of the pelvic organs, so it should not be used during pregnancy due to the risk of abortion.

Poppy self-seed (wild). High doses are poisonous.

Madder dyeing (krapp). It has an irritating effect on the mucous membrane of the stomach, increases the acidity of gastric juice. Contraindications: acute and chronic glomerulonephritis, peptic ulcer, hyperacid gastritis (with increased acidity).

Juniper ordinary. Juniper (berries) should not be used in acute inflammation of the kidneys. Internal use of berries requires precise dosage and is contraindicated in pregnancy.

Euphorbia of any variety. The internal use of euphorbia as a highly poisonous plant requires great care.

Carrots, garden. Root crops, the upper parts of root crops that are above the surface of the earth and have green color. Negatively affects the activity of the heart.

Seaweed (kelp). You should not use seaweed for pulmonary tuberculosis, kidney disease, furunculosis, hemorrhagic diathesis, urticaria, during pregnancy, when the use of iodine preparations is contraindicated.

; Common soapwort. Poisonous plant. Internal use requires caution.

Mint field and forest. When taken orally, it disrupts the reproductive function. This does not apply to garden mint, cultural.

Purple foxglove. A highly poisonous plant, although a valuable heart remedy. The use of foxglove requires great care and mandatory medical supervision.

Greek collar. Periplocin contained in the cowberry is a strong toxic compound, and its use even in small doses can cause poisoning, so you need to be careful when using this plant. Use it for treatment only under the direct supervision of a physician.

Comfrey medicinal. Poisonous plant. Internal use requires caution and strict dosage.

Mistletoe. Poisonous plant. Internal use requires caution.

Walnut, hazelnut (forest). When ingesting walnut kernels and hazelnuts and some other nuts, it is often necessary to observe the dosage, that is, take in a small amount, since a slightly excess amount is enough, and a person soon begins to have headaches in the front of the head. This is due to the fact that the intake of nut kernels causes a spasm of cerebral vessels.

Stonecrop is caustic. Poisonous plant. The exact dosage must be observed. Fresh grass juice causes inflammation and blistering on the skin.

Male fern. A highly poisonous plant. Fern preparations are contraindicated in heart failure, liver and kidney diseases, gastric and duodenal ulcers, acute gastrointestinal diseases, pregnancy, severe exhaustion, anemia and active tuberculosis.

Bittersweet nightshade (black nightshade). Poisonous plant. Internal use requires caution.

Shepherd's bag. Shepherd's purse preparations are contraindicated in people with increased blood clotting.

The step is white. It should be noted that the step is a poisonous plant. An overdose of it can cause bloody diarrhea and nephritis.

Tansy ordinary. Poisonous plant. Internal use requires caution and precise dosage.

Pikulnik ordinary. When taking large amounts of the plant, signs of intoxication may occur, expressed by severe aching muscles. Signs of poisoning can begin when eating the meat of animals (most often pigs or birds) that were fed the seeds of this plant. Complaints last from 3 to 10 days, depending on the severity of intoxication, after which they disappear spontaneously.

Peony evasive. A highly poisonous plant. Internal use requires great care and precise dosage.

Ivy. The plant is poisonous. May cause poisoning, in more sensitive people, contact with raw materials causes dermatitis. Ivy fruits are especially toxic.

Wormwood bitter (silver). Poisonous plant. Internal use requires caution and precise dosage. Long-term use should be avoided. It can cause convulsions, hallucinations, and even mental disorders. The use of wormwood during pregnancy is contraindicated. Cannot be used for peptic ulcer.

Wormwood citvarnaya. Poisonous plant. Internal use requires caution and medical supervision.

Kidney tea (orthosiphon). Removes large amounts of water from the body. Care must be taken to avoid dehydration.

Lumbago meadow (sleep-grass). Poisonous plant. Internal use requires caution and precise dosage.

Rhodiola rosea (golden root). It is necessary to strictly observe the dosage, in case of an overdose, adverse reactions from the nervous system may occur in the form of insomnia, headaches, palpitations, and increased irritability. It is necessary to be treated under the supervision of a doctor. Taking the medicine is contraindicated in case of pronounced symptoms of nervous diseases, exhaustion of the cortical cells of the brain, hypertension, atherosclerosis, as well as hypotension caused by vegetative-vascular dystonia.

Rhubarb. When taking drugs containing rhubarb, urine, milk and sweat are stained in yellow. In an alkaline environment, the color is red. It should be avoided in patients with gout and patients suffering from nephrolithiasis with oxalate stones. Due to the fact that rhubarb can cause bleeding from the rectal veins, its use is not recommended for hemorrhoids.

Sowing radish. The internal use of radish is contraindicated for heart and liver patients, with peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract.

Golden rhododendron. Poisonous plant. In case of an overdose, poisoning may occur, the signs of which are: severe salivation, urge to vomit, severe pain along the digestive tract, the state of intoxication, depression of the cardiovascular system and respiration, lowering blood pressure. Plant preparations have an irritating effect on the urinary tract. Contraindicated in kidney disease.

Ruta is fragrant. Poisonous plant. The fresh plant is especially poisonous. Requires caution when dosing.

Candle ordinary. When taking fresh beet juice, a strong spasm of blood vessels occurs. Therefore, freshly squeezed juice is allowed to stand for 2–3 hours so that harmful fractions evaporate. After that, the juice can be used.

Lilac ordinary. Poisonous plant. Internal use requires caution.

Licorice naked. With prolonged use of licorice, there is an increase in blood pressure, fluid retention up to the appearance of edema, disorders in the genital area - weakening of libido, development of gynecomastia, limitation or disappearance of hair growth, etc.

Ergot (uterine horns). A highly poisonous plant, the use of ergot requires very great care and mandatory medical supervision.

Tartar prickly, or ordinary. Do not use if you have high blood pressure.

Thermopsis lanceolate. Poisonous plant. Internal use requires caution. With hemoptysis, oral administration is contraindicated.

Bearberry common. Can't be used for a long time! Some authors do not recommend using the leaves in the form of a decoction, as it irritates the lining of the gastrointestinal tract.

Yarrow. Poisonous plant. The internal use of all types of yarrow as a poisonous plant requires caution. Prolonged use of the plant and overdose cause dizziness and skin rashes. The dosage must be exactly followed.

Violet tricolor, pansies. Long-term use of violet preparations and overdose can vomit, diarrhea and an itchy rash.

Physalis ordinary, bubble cherry, field cherry. It must be remembered that the plant contains substances with severe toxicity. Fruits should be used without a bubble cup, as it contains toxic substances.

Horsetail. Poisonous plant, use is contraindicated in acute inflammation of the kidneys, dangerous even with slight irritation. Internal use requires precise dosage.

Hop. Poisonous plant. Requires precise dosage, beware of overdose when taken orally.

Horseradish is ordinary. You should beware of taking horseradish inside in large quantities.

Chinese tea. Excessive consumption of tea can lead to increased excitability. Strong tea is contraindicated in heart disease, peptic ulcer and neuroses.

Hellebore. Hellebore and all drugs prepared from it are very poisonous. External use of hellebore can also cause severe, even fatal, poisoning.

Common bird cherry. The plant is poisonous. The internal use of bird cherry requires caution (especially the bark, fruits, leaves).

Cheremsha. Patients with gastritis and stomach ulcers should avoid the use of wild garlic.

Blackroot medicinal. Poisonous plant. Internal use requires great care, especially in dosage.

Garlic. Garlic should not be consumed by patients with epilepsy, full-blooded people and pregnant women.

Forest cleaner. Poisonous plant. Internal use requires caution.

Cleanliness l great. All parts of the plant, especially the roots, are poisonous. Internal use requires a very large, careful and precise dosage. It should only be used under medical supervision. Immoderate and prolonged use causes nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, depression of the respiratory center.

Rose hip. After ingestion of rosehip infusion, be sure to rinse your mouth with plain warm or soda water. The acids contained in the infusion corrode tooth enamel.

Sorrel is sour. Contains purines and oxalic acid. It is not recommended to use sorrel with impaired salt metabolism (rheumatism, gout) and related diseases, with inflammation of the intestines and tuberculosis.

Ephedra bicuspid. Poisonous plant. Internal use requires caution in hypertension, atherosclerosis, severe organic heart disease and insomnia.

Common ash. The plant is poisonous. Internal use requires caution.

Fraxinella. When in contact with the plant, especially during flowering, severe skin lesions can appear, like burns, which are painful and difficult to heal. It has been proven that poisoning can occur when inhaling vapors essential oil ash tree.

Fragrant woodruff. Poisonous plant. Internal use requires great care, with an overdose, vomiting, headache, dizziness, and even death occur.

Poisonous plants and their medicinal and poisonous properties. Potent and poisonous medicinal plants. Mass harvesting of medicinal plants in the region is not carried out, but there is such a possibility

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