Saw material for wood. Characteristics and types of hand saws for wood. Dimensions and material of the canvas

Without a hacksaw, it is impossible to imagine a professional carpenter or carpenter, and in everyday life it is used quite often. The widespread use of this tool contributed to the emergence of its various types, designed for certain operations.

To choose the right hacksaw, you should study its characteristics, imagine what exactly needs to be sawed with it and how often it will be used.

Kinds

Like any common tool designed to perform a large number of jobs, a wood saw is classified according to several parameters.

By type of cut and purpose

Hacksaws can be designed for cross cutting, longitudinal (sweeping) or be universal. Between themselves, these species differ in the shape of the teeth.

The teeth of saws designed for longitudinal cutting of wood have the form of an oblique triangle. The angle between them is from 45 to 60°, which allows you to cut wood in only one direction, while providing an accurate and even cut line. Most often they are used in the manufacture of furniture.

Hacksaws with teeth resembling an isosceles triangle are used for cross-cutting wood. Sharpening at an angle of 45-55 ° makes it possible to cut workpieces both in the forward and in the opposite direction. Such a saw works most effectively on dry wood.

The universal hacksaw has two types of teeth - triangular and semicircular (with semicircular more triangular). When the saw moves forward, long teeth set the direction, and wider, triangular ones widen the cut, which allows sawdust and chips to freely exit. The smaller the angle between these teeth, the more accurate the cut.

Depending on the purpose, hacksaws for wood are classic, round and tenon. Classic saws are used for longitudinal or transverse cutting of wood. Circular hacksaws for wood are designed for cutting holes. With the help of tenon saws, elements are formed to connect individual parts.

Tooth size

One of the main parameters of any wood saw is the size of the teeth. The size is understood as a step, that is, the distance between adjacent points. Depending on this parameter, the saws may have teeth:

• small;
• medium;
• large.

Hacksaws with fine teeth (from 2.0 to 2.5 mm.) Provide cutting wood with high precision and are most often used to work with products of the smallest sizes.

Saws with large teeth (from 4 to 6 mm) are used for cutting logs or beams.

Hacksaws with an average tooth size (from 3.0 to 3.5 mm) are used when processing parts that do not have big sizes.

There are also types of hand saws for wood with teeth arranged in groups of 6-7 pieces, separated from each other by gaps. Raw wood is processed with such a tool. Thanks to the gaps, wet chips do not clog the cut channel.

Design classification

Structurally, hacksaws for wood are:

• narrow;
• standard;
• with a butt;
• with an award
• beam;
• folding.

Narrow hacksaws saw blanks, the thickness of which does not exceed 10 cm. They are also used for sawing branches in the garden, sawing out curved parts and other works. Structurally, these saws are a narrow blade with triangular teeth connected to an L-shaped handle.

The blade of a standard hacksaw (GOST 2615-84) can have any kind of teeth. Often they are equipped with sets of interchangeable sheets designed to perform a wide variety of carpentry and joinery work.

When processing hardwoods, hacksaw blades can be strongly bent. Saws are spared from this drawback, the blades of which are equipped with a butt, which acts as an additional stiffening rib. However, its presence does not allow making a cut deeper than the width of the blade itself.

A hacksaw with an award looks like a planer. It has two handles and is used in cases where it is necessary to make grooves or spikes. However, the depth of these elements can be different.

A bow saw is a blade stretched over a base made in the form of a large arc. It is connected to the handle by means of a threaded or tension connection, which allows the use of blades during operation. different type. In turn, this makes it possible to single-handedly cut blanks with complex sawing lines.

On the market you can also find folding hacksaws for wood. They are very light and stand out small size in the folded state, which makes it possible for outdoor enthusiasts to take them with them on a hike or fishing trip. This saw has a short, pointed blade with small teeth.

Other varieties

There are other types of wood saws. Among them, a garden hand saw is distinguished, equipped with a narrow blade, for the manufacture of which chromium steel is used. It is equipped with widely spaced teeth inclined towards the handle. It is convenient to work with such a tool in cases where the emphasis during the cut has to be done on yourself.

There is a two-handed saw with which it is convenient to cut large logs or cut down trees. Two people should work with her.

A chain hand saw is a short chain with hardened teeth and two handles at the ends. It is compact and suitable for use in hiking trips. You can work with it as one person, and two.

A modern and versatile tool is an electric saw, with which you can perform a large amount of various work. In some cases, it completely replaces the circular. Changing blades, it cuts not only wood, but also plastic and metal.

Main settings

The effectiveness of using a hacksaw for wood depends largely on its specifications. The main ones are:

• the material from which the saw blade is made;
• the length of the canvas and its shape;
• the size and shape of the tooth;
• handle type.

When choosing a tool, you need to pay attention to each element of the characteristic. Only in this case you will not have to regret the purchase.

Web material

The blade of modern hacksaws for wood is made from high-quality tool (alloyed) steel with a high content of carbon and silicon (65G, 8HF, U7 ... U10). Hardness should be at least HRC 45. There are also models that use a combined, more wear-resistant blade with a cutting part (teeth) that has increased hardness (HRC55 ... 60).

The length and shape of the canvas

On the domestic market, you can find wood saws with a length of 250 to 650 mm in increments of 25 mm. This parameter is set by GOST 2615-84 and depends on the distance between the teeth.

Note! It is necessary to choose a saw, guided by the rule: "The length of the blade should be 2 times the thickness (diameter) of the workpieces."

Otherwise, it will be uncomfortable to work with a hacksaw, as a short blade will stick inside the solid wood.

As a rule, hacksaws with a narrow blade have a length of no more than 350 mm and are equipped with a large number of small teeth. Universal tools are equipped with blades about 500 mm long with medium-sized teeth. Hacksaws with a wide blade are made with large teeth located at a great distance from each other (large step), their length can reach 650 mm.

Traditionally, a saw on a tree looks like a triangle narrowed on one side. This tool can work with any kind of wood. In addition, there are hacksaws adapted to work, for example, with tree branches or other objects located at some distance from the sawyer. They have a rounded shape and are light in weight.

Size and shape of the tooth

The dimensions of the teeth (pitch) of the hacksaw blade directly affect the performance and accuracy of the tool. The larger the teeth, the higher the speed of work, but the accuracy and quality of the cut deteriorates. Using a saw with fine teeth, on the contrary, guarantees a clean and even cut, but at the same time the speed drops.

The cutting accuracy is determined by the number of teeth per 1 inch of the blade length (TPI coefficient), that is, their density. Its value is marked on the side surface of the canvas (for example, 7x1 ″ or 7TPI). The more TPI, the smaller the step. So, 2TPI=12mm, and 12TPI=2mm.

When choosing a hacksaw for wood, it must be borne in mind that the minimum thickness of the workpiece must be more than a three-tooth pitch.

Essential when working with a hacksaw for wood is the appearance of sharpened teeth. In this case, teeth are considered standard, sharpened on both sides and having the form of an acute-angled or isosceles triangle.

Important! The latest generation of saws are equipped with hardened teeth of a non-standard shape. They have the appearance of a trapezoid and are distinguished by the presence of three sharpened edges and increased wear resistance. Cloths with such teeth do not lend themselves.

Handle type

The type of handle and the material from which it is made largely determine the convenience of working with a hacksaw for wood. It is best to work with a saw equipped with a one-piece molded plastic handle with rubberized finger inserts. The handle, made of two parts, is less comfortable, as it does not have sufficient rigidity.

Saw "Zubr Expert" is a universal tool with which you can carry out both longitudinal and transverse sawing of wood. The blade, 40 cm long, has hardened teeth set in a special way, arranged in 5 mm increments.

The Banco Laplander 396-LAP mini file is specially designed for outdoor use. The narrow, pointed blade has Sandvik XT-shaped teeth, which provide high-quality cuts in wood both along and across the grain. The length of the hacksaw when folded is 23 cm, and it weighs only 200 g.

Take away the saws from mankind and progress will stop. This statement is not a joke. Without a tool capable of cutting wood and metal, concrete and stone, the functioning of industrial enterprises and other areas of commodity production is impossible.

In the household, too, it is not possible to do without saws. Every man has at least one hacksaw, and good master you can find a whole arsenal of "toothy helpers."

We will look at the most common types of saws to get an idea of ​​their working capabilities and application features.

It all started with a simple hacksaw

It is this saw that is the ancestor of the family of hand tools designed for woodworking. As soon as the first ingot of iron was smelted, a man had the idea to forge a tool for cultivating the earth from it.

It can be assumed that the ax became the second after the hoe. The third was probably a saw with a handle, known to us today as a hacksaw. Over the centuries that have passed since its invention, she has acquired numerous "brothers and sisters" who perform dozens of different jobs.

The accepted classification divides this type of hand saws into two groups:

• Hacksaws for wood;
• Hacksaws for metal.

Depending on the cutting direction, hand saws for wood are divided into three categories:

• For ripping cutting;
• For cross cutting;
• Universal (longitudinal-transverse).

The difference between them is in the shape of the cutting teeth: on a rip saw they are inclined forward, while on a crosscut saw they are straight.

The universal hacksaw tooth is also inclined forward, but has a special sharpening. It allows you to cut along and across the fibers.

By appointment, hand saws are divided into several types:

• Classic hacksaws (transverse or longitudinal cutting);
• Circular saws (for cutting holes);
• Spike saws (for cutting connecting spikes).

When choosing a hand saw, an important role is played not only by the shape, but also by the size of the teeth.

There are three types of incisors:

• Small tooth - 2.0-2.5 mm (for high-precision sawing and cutting of small products);
• Medium tooth - 3.0-3.5 mm (for medium-sized parts);
• Large tooth - 4.0-6.0 mm (for rough cutting of timber and logs).

The international classification divides hacksaws not by the height of the teeth, but by their number per 1 inch of the cutting blade. This standard has taken root with us, so do not be surprised if you see the letters PPI or TPI on the tool label. The number behind them is the number of teeth per inch of length. The larger it is, the smaller the tooth (eg PPI 8 or TPI 14).

Today on the market you can see a modernized look of hacksaws. They are easy to distinguish by the gaps cut in the canvas. As a result, the teeth are arranged in groups of 6-7 pieces.

This tool is designed for cutting raw wood. The gaps between the teeth are needed so that wet chips do not clog the cut and are easily removed during operation.

In addition to the usual hand saws, users today are offered an electrified version of the tool. A powerful electric saw can easily handle a large amount of lumber cutting work without tiring the owner too much.

The versatility of its application is achieved due to the configuration of saws with different lengths and widths of the blade and the size of the teeth. This allows you to successfully work not only on wood, but also on plastic and metal. Another name for this tool is a reciprocating saw.

The main parameter characterizing the capabilities of electric cutters is power. It is in the range from 400 to 1600 watts. The depth of cut directly depends on it, which ranges from 90 mm for household to 200 mm for professional models.

Hand tools for metal processing are not so diverse. There is only one type of hand saw that can cut this material. Its working body is a wide or narrow blade with fine hardened teeth. It is inserted into the bow holder and tightened with a screw.

Circular saws

The idea to replace the reciprocating movement of the cutting blade with a circular one can rightly be called revolutionary. It arose after the advent of the electric motor and significantly increased the speed and productivity of work.

A typical representative of a tool that uses this principle is a circular saw. Its main advantages - mobility and high power overshadowed the modest capabilities of a hand hacksaw.

By design, circular electric saws are divided into gear and gearless. In the first case, the electric motor rotates the gear reducer, on the shaft of which stands saw blade. The second option is to mount the disk directly on the motor rotor shaft. Both designs have a mechanism for adjusting the depth of cut and the angle of inclination.

The advantage of gear mechanisms is the ability to perform deeper cuts. Gearless saws have two advantages: lighter weight and affordable price.

In the passive, they are inclined against the course (negative sharpening angle).

Passive discs are indispensable when cutting metal. Active ones are used for wood processing. The disc teeth can be hard-faced. They make it possible to cut harder materials, but negatively affect the cleanliness of the cut.

The working capabilities of the tool depend on the power of the electric motor (from 0.65 to 2.5 kW). Manufacturers also indicate the maximum depth of cut that a circular saw can perform (from 25 to 85 mm).

A variation of this power tool is a circular saw, which is mounted on a fixed frame. This solution allows you to cut long and wide material with high accuracy.

Some manufacturers offer an interesting compromise - hand-held circular saws that can be turned over and fixed on the table, turning it into a stationary "circular saw".

When answering the question of what kind of saws are, it is impossible not to mention trimming devices. In this case, the circular saw is mounted on a pendulum arm. As a bed, a rotary plate with a conveyor (angular) marking is used.

Advantages miter saw in front of the disc are obvious: you can make a perfectly accurate cross cut at any angle. This operation is especially important when docking different wooden parts(platband, plinth, lining, timber).

Chain saws

Often, when working with wood, it is not the cleanliness and accuracy of the cut that is important, but its depth. This is precisely the task that the chain saw solves - a powerful device with an electric or gasoline engine, designed for felling trees and cutting firewood.

It has two main interrelated technical parameters:

• Engine power;
• Tire length.

A tire is called two flat plates interconnected with a small gap for installing a saw chain. At one end it has a driven sprocket, and at the other there are cutouts for the tensioner.

Power chain saws with electric drive range from 1.5 to 4 kW. When choosing a device for household work on the site, it is better to stop at a power of 1.5 to 2 kW with a saw bar length of 30 to 40 cm. This is quite enough not only for sanitary pruning of the garden, but also for harvesting firewood.

If necessary, such a tool can dissolve a board, log or beam, although you will not get high quality and cutting accuracy.

There are two subspecies of chain saws:

• With lateral (transverse) placement of the engine;
• With longitudinal motor mounting.

The first type is simpler in design and cheaper in price. But the second one is more convenient to use, although more expensive due to the introduction of a gearbox into the design.

The main thing that gives the owner a chainsaw is autonomy. With such a tool, you can go to the forest and cut firewood there. You will have to pay a price for such a significant plus: chainsaws are more complex in design than electric ones. This difference is especially felt when buying a cheap "but-hire" device. Problems with starting, carburetor, rings and candles are frequent companions of such a purchase. Therefore, it is better to purchase a more expensive chainsaw than to lose money when operating an economy option.

Electric jigsaw

Disk and chain saws cannot replace a device that uses a narrow cutting blade that moves up and down at a high frequency.

Thanks to this arrangement of the working body, the jigsaw allows you to quickly and accurately cut curved flat parts. Plywood, ceramics and plastic, OSB and soft metal - all this can be cut with a good jigsaw with a quality file.

Electric jigsaw

For each material, manufacturers make special saws that differ both in the inclination of the teeth and in their frequency.

For example, wood is better cut with a file with a large tooth. A sheet with a fine serrated notch will confidently handle sheet metal. We will not give special recommendations for choosing saws for electric jigsaws, since the manufacturer indicates the recommended type of material on each of them.

Main technical specifications electric jigsaw - engine power, saw blade stroke rate and maximum cutting depth (indicated for different materials).

For household models these parameters are within the following limits:

• Power from 400 to 900 W.;
• Stroke frequency (with the possibility smooth adjustment from 0 to 3000 rpm);
• Cutting depth (wood - 45-80 mm, steel from 4 to 20 mm).

Useful jigsaw option - laser pointer. It helps to clearly see the direction of the cut when the marking line is hidden under a layer of sawdust. When choosing an electric jigsaw, pay special attention to the nozzle in which the file is attached. It should provide the most reliable clamp. Otherwise, the file will regularly jump out of its weak "embrace".

A logical development of the design of the electric jigsaw has become a compact band-saw. Its working body is a closed steel tape with teeth, which is rotated by an electric motor.

Sawing with it is easier than working with a jigsaw, which vibrates strongly and strives to escape from your hands. The cleanliness and precision of the cut of the band saw is perfect. This not only reduces waste, but also produces a cut surface that does not need to be sanded.

The workpiece here can be held with two hands, which increases the accuracy of operations when cutting curved elements.

The main indicator of band saws for wood is the depth of cut, which can be from 8 to 50 cm. An electric jigsaw and a circular saw are not able to cut such a thick material.

The remaining characteristics refer to cutting blades.

There are two categories here:

• Carbon saws (manufactured steel C75 and analogues);
• Alloyed saw blades made of D6A steel (have increased wear resistance and resistance to alternating loads).

Depending on the manufacturing technology and hardening of the cutting teeth, the blades are divided into two types:

• Saw bands with notched non-hardened teeth;
• Blades with cut hardened teeth.

The advantages of saws of the first type are low cost and the ability to cut wood with foreign inclusions: nails, stones, fragments. Such a blade works with small sawing volumes (2-4 m3 per day) and at a minimum feed rate (6-10 meters per minute).

The main advantage of a saw blade with a hardened tooth is its high wear resistance (2 times higher than that of saw blades with non-hardened cutters). Disadvantages - high cost and sensitivity to foreign inclusions.

The remaining parameters of band saws are reduced to a simple list:

• Web width;
• Number of teeth per length inch (TPI).

For standard wood sawing jobs, a 1/2″ wide band is optimal. Narrower blades (3/8") are used for curly cutting.

The number of teeth of the cutting belt directly affects the evenness of the cut (the more teeth, the smoother the cut). Coarse saw blades (2.3 TPI) are used for cutting wood and logs up to 200 mm thick. For cleaner work use saws with 6 TPI, and for precise cutting use size 10-14 TPI. Optimal size, which achieves high productivity and good cut quality - 8 TPI.

A table band saw for metal is similar in design to a wood cutting device. However, its capabilities are more modest. This tool can only perform cross cutting of rolled steel (pipes, angle bars, fittings, channel bars) at different angles.

One of the differences between wood and many other building materials is the ease of processing. And, nevertheless, manufacturers produce a tool for sawing it in various modifications. What is the difference between this tool, how important it is, how to choose the right hacksaw for wood - this article will help you find answers to all questions on this topic.

Hacksaws for wood are categorized according to the specifics of use for carpentry and joinery. The tools of the last group are designed for cutting dried wood. They provide a cleaner cut, and exactly on the markup. In other words, hacksaws of the carpentry category are chosen for fine work. Carpentry, respectively, for rough.

Such a tool is used when sawing logs, timber, pruning trees, and the like, that is, in situations where it is not necessary to maintain certain linear parameters, significant errors in work are allowed, or it is enough to cut not according to a template, but “by eye”.

Blade length (mm)

This is the first selection criterion. Without deciding on the length, it makes no sense to evaluate all other parameters of the hacksaw.

There is a generally accepted norm of choice for this indicator, which it is desirable to adhere to. The length of the blade should exceed the size of the most dimensional lumber with which it is supposed to work, approximately 2 times, at least.

Why? Firstly, the teeth of a hacksaw in the process of sawing a tree are clogged with sawdust. The double excess of the length ensures that the blade in the extreme positions will completely come out of the wood. As a result, its self-cleaning due to the fall of debris.

Secondly, the greater the amplitude of movement of the hands when working with the tool, the less they get tired. And this directly affects performance. If a hacksaw is chosen for intensive use, sawing large volumes of wood is more than important.

• If a hacksaw for wood is purchased as a household hand tool, for all cases, a canvas for 300 is enough.
• Overhaul, especially construction, is, among other things, sawing up of dimensional samples (log, board,). For such purposes, you should choose a hacksaw with a blade in the range of 475 ± 25.

Steel type

There are many grades of metals. For hacksaws for wood, as a rule, this is 45 HRC. The teeth are more difficult. They can be hardened (have a shade darker than that of the canvas) or without prior heat treatment.

Hardened teeth will not be sharpened. In fact, this hacksaw, although more durable, is in a sense disposable. If, due to negligence, non-compliance with the operating rules, the cutting edges of the tool are blunted, then it will not be possible to bring them into working condition. But for occasional work, small household chores related to sawing wood - best option. Having chosen a hacksaw from a well-known manufacturer, there is no doubt that it will last for a long time.

Teeth that have not been hardened can be sharpened and straightened on their own. On the one hand, it is convenient and practical. But this requires experience in this matter. How many can boast of it? As a tool for everyday use it is hardly worth buying such a hacksaw. But if we are talking about large-scale work with wood (the same construction), then this is the right choice. Involuntarily, you will have to master the basics of sharpening and editing, especially since it is not so difficult.

How to check the quality of steel and sharpening

• You can check the quality of steel without a certificate. The hacksaw blade has a bend limit. Initially, it is perfectly flat. You need to gently bend it (the permissible extreme position, when it is ready to break, the hand will “understand” itself), and then release it and check the geometry. Deviation of the section subjected to deformation from the center line by more than 2 mm is an indicator of low quality steel. It is better to overpay, but choose another hacksaw for wood.
• The type of teeth can be determined visually. If they are of a traditional, triangular configuration, then the hacksaw is subject to editing and sharpening. Trapezoidal cutting edges are hardened. They have already been mentioned above.

Tooth size

This characteristic of the hacksaw is displayed on the canvas with TPI symbols. The dimension of the value is the number of teeth / inch.

As a rule, masters are interested in 2 indicators of the efficiency of sawing wood - the speed and accuracy of the cut. The fact is that these parameters are inversely related. The cleanliness of the cut is ensured by fine teeth, but at the same time, the speed of cutting the material is reduced. And vice versa - a hacksaw with large cutting edges produces a cut at a higher speed, but its accuracy deteriorates.

• 3 - 6. This hacksaw is suitable for rough woodworking. For example, pruning large branches on the site, sawing small logs, boards, and so on. That is, in cases where the presence of a fringe on the edges is not critical, and cutting accuracy is not a defining requirement when working with wood.
• 7 - 9 or more. This type of hacksaw is advisable to choose when you plan to work with sheet materials- Chipboard, MDF, OSV, FC and so on. Such a tool will provide a "delicate" cutting, after which there is no fringe and torn edges.

Hacksaw handle type

• Check if it is comfortable in your hand. The main difference between the hands of people is in size. The solution is simple - take a hacksaw in the palm of your hand, squeeze your fingers and make a few forward movements. A man will immediately understand whether “his” is a tool or it is better to choose something else.
• The handles of hacksaws for wood are classic (cast) and flip. The first allows you to replace the canvas.

And here it is more interesting. If you choose a hacksaw with a flip handle, then it makes sense to purchase a product with a “disposable” blade with hardened teeth. Even in the case of careless handling of the tool, it will be possible to “repair” it. It should only be clarified whether there are replacement canvases on sale (it is at this outlet or another in this locality) and whether they are in short supply. When buying a hacksaw for small chores, it is enough to take 1 spare. Given the increased wear resistance of the teeth and their strength, such a “set” will last for many years.

There is a relationship between the size of the teeth and their location. The “pitch” of three adjacent cutting edges must be less than the cross section of the wood blank being cut. It is easy to calculate if a hacksaw is chosen for sawing boards or small bars, that is, for everyday work, which is most often encountered in everyday life.

The method of cutting depends on the type of sharpening of the teeth. Longitudinal blades have a length of up to half a meter, a greater slope of the cutting edges to the side and their one-sided sharpening. Sawing with such a hacksaw is carried out only in the direction “away from you”. This tool is quite specific and as a household one, you should not choose it for everyday use.

Hacksaws for wood with a transverse blade are considered universal. Sawing is carried out during its course both forward and backward. Such a tool is easy to determine by the two-sided sharpening of the cutting edges.

A brief overview of the most purchased hacksaws for wood

This TOP-list is based on the results of the analysis of reviews, opinions posted on thematic forums. To say that they are the only true ones would not be entirely correct. But it is hardly worth ignoring them completely. If people in practice used one or another hacksaw for wood, then it makes sense to listen to their assessments. And then finally decide which one to choose.

All prices are in Russian rubles, for the Moscow region.

"Zubr Expert"

Such a hacksaw for wood, given its reasonable price and versatility, is in high demand. Triangular teeth, hardened plastic handle, cut both longitudinal and transverse. The range is impressive. A large selection of hacksaws of this brand in terms of TPI and blade length allows you to purchase the best option.

Price - from 738 (canvas 40 cm).

"Stanley General Purpose"

A hacksaw from a French manufacturer is characterized by a length of 0.5 m, hardened teeth with a TPI = 8. Wood is cut in any direction. For a private house or cottage - an excellent choice.

Price - 849.

"Gross Piranha"

This hacksaw is available in the market in different versions. Differences in the number of cutting edges and blade length (400 - 550). The quality of the steel (52 HRc) is further enhanced by a Teflon coating that facilitates the cutting process. In addition, edge cleanliness close to ideal is achieved.

Price - from 913.

"Irwin Xpert"

The main characteristics are identical to the hacksaw of the previous brand, although the cost is slightly higher. Users note the high quality and ease of cutting, regardless of the density of the wood. Even when sawing hard rocks, no significant effort is required. Those who have to regularly work with lumber at home should pay attention.

Price - from 705.

Bahco

Previously, such wood saws went on sale under the Sandvik logo, so they are known to many. Production has been established at several sites, and in the Russian Federation these samples are more often imported under the brand name "Tescha". The cost is lower while the quality remains high. Bahco hacksaws belong to the group professional tool, which is hardly appropriate to choose for petty work with wood. But cheaper products "Tescha" - just right for those who want to save money wisely.

Price - from 389 (360 mm).

About what criteria should be used to evaluate a hacksaw for sawing wood, it is described in detail, the main recommendations are given. And what exactly to choose, it's up to you, dear reader.

1. How to choose a saw?
2. Tooth size
3. Steel selection
4. Blade length
5. Handle shape
6. Varieties
7. Type 1: Classic
8. Type 2: Narrow
9. Type 3: With collar
10. Type 4: Archery
11. Type 5: Reward
12. Type 6: Folding tool
13. Choice by purpose
14. How to decide

Without hand saw hard to imagine an arsenal of tools home master or locksmith. Its other name is a hacksaw. With this tool, you can file branches in the garden, shorten picket fences and do a lot of work where you need to change the length of a wooden product: laminate, boards for the household, etc.

Perhaps you have not thought about it, but the right choice of a hacksaw determines not only its service life, but also the convenience of work, the quality of the cut. Consider the main parameters right choice this necessary tool in the economy and carpentry activities.

How to choose a saw?

The wood saw is on the market in different options. How products may differ:

• The shape and size of the tooth;
• canvas size;
• The steel grade from which the working part (sheet) is made;
• Handle shape.

A hacksaw with a change in one of these parameters can radically change its characteristics. Also, sitting comfortably in the hand of one master, it will not fit another at all. These factors must be taken into account when choosing a tool for different purposes.

Tooth size

This parameter affects the quality and speed of work. For the convenience of determining the size and number of teeth, the designation TPI was introduced, indicating the number of teeth in one inch. This parameter can be seen in the description of a hand saw for wood, often the value is applied to the blade.

The carpenter's saw is selected, first of all, according to the size of the tooth. Yes, for ordinary tree small and large are suitable, and for “delicate” materials such as fiberboard, a fine-toothed saw is needed. In stores, you can now find similar designations: “for wood”, “for drywall”, etc. Their main difference is the size of the teeth, which is optimal for sawing each of the materials indicated on the label.

The teeth are distinguished by shape, depending on this, the tool acquires a different purpose:

Steel selection

In order for the tool to last longer, you should choose high grades of steel for the production of blades. Better if it is stainless.

Teeth can be hardened or regular. Ordinary ones can be sharpened at home, saws with hardened teeth are disposable, after wear, nothing can be done with them. They are easy to recognize by the dark color as in the photo.

Blade length

This parameter is determined by the size and pitch of the saw tooth.

• A mini-hacksaw is always equipped with small frequent teeth, the length of its blade does not exceed 350 mm;
• The universal hacksaw has the average size tooth and length no more than 550 mm;
• The wide hacksaw is equipped with large teeth with an increased pitch, the length of its blade is over 600 mm.

In addition to length, the canvas may vary in shape. A traditional saw has the shape of a rectangle narrowed on one side. This is a universal type of tool that can cut anything.

The rounded blade is adapted for working with branches and other objects from a distance: it is light, easily glides over the wood without much effort.

Handle shape

This part of the saw determines the convenience of work. The tool should fit perfectly with the hand and be comfortable. For the manufacture of handles, various plastics are used that are pleasant to the body. An important note - the material should not slip if the hand suddenly becomes sweaty. To do this, recesses and grooves, a rubberized lining are provided in the handle body.

Varieties

By combining the above factors, manufacturers have developed and today produce standard products with different canvases, the shape of the handle and tooth. To understand how to choose a hacksaw for wood, you first need to familiarize yourself with the existing types of saws.

Type 1: Classic

The main type of saw that almost every man has, even far from construction and carpentry. This hacksaw can have a blade of any length with a different number of teeth, often the tool is equipped with interchangeable blades that come with the purchase.

Type 2: Narrow

Its other name is a hacksaw. Takes the name from the main application - she cut out the lines different shapes And she does it neatly and clearly. It is also used for cutting through round, square holes. The saw blade is narrow, the teeth are frequent, they can be located both on one working plane and on both.

When working with a saw, you should be careful: with an uncertain movement, the blade will turn in the other direction, so the choice of a hacksaw for wood with a narrow blade should be stopped on a product made of high-quality hard steel, which will not bend during the sawing process.

Type 3: With collar

A hacksaw with a backing is equipped with a stiffening rib (the same backing), which prevents the blade from bending during operation. Thus, the tool is not able to make a cut lower than the width of the working part of the saw.

The edge hacksaw is always equipped with a comfortable handle at an angle of 45 0 to the blade for easy work.

Type 4: Archery

For plumbing, a bow saw is indispensable: it is used for sawing off the rough parts of the trunk, knots, for sawing figures out of plywood and other wood materials, for sawing wood along and across the fibers. The use of the bow saw is so widespread that it alone can replace a small woodworking machine.

A wide range of work carried out slightly obscure the main disadvantages:

1. Bulky. A bow saw is a complex structure, its bearing part is made in the form of a large curved arc, to which is attached a blade as narrow as a thread with teeth.
2. Fragility. You need to work with the tool very carefully: the blade can fly off the mounts and tear during work, and it needs to be replaced frequently.

Type 5: Reward

An award-winning saw takes a lot of effort to master. It is a tool that resembles a planer. It is equipped with two handles. Its main application is the cutting of grooves and spikes, the depth of holes and recesses can be different sizes, moreover, on rocks of any hardness.

Type 6: Folding tool

A mechanical hacksaw that you can take with you on a hike or vacation. It is compact, lightweight, and folds completely safe. Folding hacksaw has fine teeth, short pointed blade.

Choice by purpose

In addition to taking into account the main types of saws, the choice of a hacksaw for wood should be carried out on request for a certain type of work:

1. Swing for longitudinal sawing;
2. The transverse one copes well with wood across the location of the fibers;
3. Spike for cutting grooves, spikes and technological recesses in products;
4. Vyruzhnaya for cutting holes of various shapes;
5. Folding wood saw

These types of wood saws generalize the above tool models. The choice should be made according to the main purpose, for which the selected type of tool is acquired. For household it is advisable to purchase a saw with interchangeable blades or have several different types of hacksaws in the arsenal.

How to decide

This amount of new information is not easy to put into practice, so we will give you some tips on how to consistently choose the right saw.

1. The first factor to consider is what kind of material will be cut and what is the desired cut quality. Carpenters working with small wood products choose small saws with a short blade. For carpenter it is better to use large teeth and canvas - this master does not require high accuracy of work, speed is a priority. A folding garden hacksaw is ideal for summer residents who will only cut through trees and shrubs.
2. Application frequency. Determine how often you will need to work with the tool. If the need is rare, take a saw with hardened teeth, if often there will be a need for sharpening - from ordinary steel.
3. The quality of steel must be high for a tool with any frequency of use. The higher the class of metal, the better the product. Before buying, take the tool in hand and gently bend the canvas to 45 0. Good metal is resilient and, when the end of the saw is released, will restore its shape without shifting the central axis. Noticed a deviation - return the hacksaw to the seller.
4. The price in this case is the guarantor of quality. Of course, provided that the seller is honest and does not offer you a fake. A good product cannot be cheap. Choose in the middle price range, if your wallet allows - do not skimp on an expensive saw. Choose a manufacturer by trust rating and give preference to their products in the store. In most cases, this tactic allows you to avoid buying incomprehensibly what instead of a good tool.
5. Take a hacksaw tool in your hand. You should be comfortable holding it. The material of manufacture can be solid plastic with a rubberized handle.

Adhering to these simple rules you can easily choose the right wood saw for your needs.