A band saw cuts an arc in the summer. What to do if a wave occurs during sawing? The need to adjust the band sawmill

The outward manifestation of the fact that your saw is set correctly is that 80-85% of the sawdust is thrown out of the cut.

If you open the saw too wide, there is a lot of air left and insufficient removal of the amount of sawdust.

In the case of not before saw wiring, densely pressed hot sawdust remains on the surface of the board.

A saw that is set too far will cut in jerks, a saw that is not set too far will cut in waves.

Another very important point: only the upper third of the tooth should be parted, only the sharp corner at the very top of the tooth should be involved in the sawing process.

Sharpen the saw with minimal metal removal (i.e. deburr) and then breed.

If you have a problem with sawing, then read the 13 points below - it will help you.

When entering the log, the saw jumps up and cuts exactly almost to the end of the log, after which it falls down. This phenomenon has received the name of "squeezing out", i.e. squeezes the saw. This is caused by too large a sharpening angle of the tooth. Reduce the sharpening angle by a couple of degrees.

When entering the log, the saw makes a jump up and the board turns out to be a curve “like a saber”. This is most likely due to the fact that the sharpening angle is too large, and the divorce is insufficient. It is necessary to reduce the angle of sharpening the tooth and increase the divorce. The saw “dives” down and the board turns out to be curved “like a saber”. This is caused by insufficient sharpening angle and insufficient wiring at the same time. You should increase the sharpening angle by a couple of degrees and increase the divorce.

There is too much sawdust left on the board and it feels loose to the touch. Divorce is not enough, it should be increased. Reduce sharpening angle.

The cut comes in waves. If the saw is sharp, then this is due to too little divorce, you should increase the divorce.

A dull, never sharpened saw cracks along the tooth cavities. This is caused by the blade not being thinned enough for the job it is trying to do, or by continuing to saw the blade after it has become dull.

The saw is covered with cracks at the back. This is because the back stops of the idlers are too far from the back of the blade.

Sawdust “rolls” on the saw blade. This is due to the fact that the saw is not sufficiently diluted and there is not enough air left in the cut, the saw blade rubs against the sawdust, it heats up and the wood dust bakes onto the saw. Increase divorce.

Sawdust "rolls" on inner surface tooth, but this does not happen on the surface of the saw. This is due to poor sharpening quality (too much feed or too much metal removal and, as a result, poor surface quality at the tooth cavity), or too high a sharpening angle of the tooth, or the fact that the blade was continued to saw after it had already become dull.

After sharpening, the blade is covered with cracks in the cavity of the teeth. During resharpening, too much metal was removed at one time, resulting in a regrinding of the tooth surface.

Many problems are created by the fact that the sharpening stone is not refueled often and accurately enough.

Do not forget that no matter how perfect the machine you use for sawing wood, it is just a device that "pulls" the saw through the log. The final result depends on 90% of the correct maintenance of the saw and only 10% on the setting of the machine as a whole.

*Remember that sawing with an unset saw is the most fast way break her.

Sharpening angle.

The sharpening angle is the angle of deviation of the end of the tooth from the vertical. The recommended sharpening angle for most cases is 10-12 degrees. For cutting hardwoods and frozen wood, the sharpening angle is 8-10 degrees. For working with soft rocks 12-15 degrees.

Tooth alignment.

Tooth setting is an important factor influencing blade performance. Remember that when sharpening the teeth and reducing their height, the setting also decreases.

Band saw sharpening parameters depending on the type of wood being processed (given in the table).

Band saw tooth parameters.

Har-ka blades	Very soft breeds	Breeds of medium softness
		Fresh resinous	Fresh non-resinous	Dried lain 3-5 years	ice cream
Sharpening angle
Tooth height
Tooth setting

* - minimum allowed parameter

The parameters indicated in the table are not mandatory and for each type of wood you need to individually select the parameters of the saw. Good sawing largely depends on the selection of these parameters, as well as in which region you are sawing, or where the wood is brought to you for sawing, since one or even a species may differ in density and resin content from a particular region. Certain types of business plans

To increase the durability of the band saw and obtain a high-quality cut, it is recommended to moisten the blade with plenty of water when sawing non-resinous rocks and? water containers? soap solution when sawing resin-containing wood species, and in case of frost it is recommended to use diesel fuel.

Very often, when working on a band sawmill, such a defect as a “wave” occurs, i.e. the uneven surface of the board, which is obtained after sawing the log. In order to avoid this defect, four adjustment factors must be taken into account. band sawmill, which directly affect the cut.

Setting up a band sawmill or how to deal with "waves"

It must be said that setting up a band sawmill is a very important task, especially if such a problem as a “wave” arises during operation. In other words, the uneven surface that is obtained after sawing the log. To prevent such a defect, three important factors that have a direct impact on sawing must be taken into account. It is in this case that setting up a band sawmill will solve not only issues of efficiency, but also the quality of work. Let's talk about everything in order.
1) The operator of the equipment must pay special attention to setting up the sawmill. His duties include correct selection saws, as well as setting the desired sawing speed. The speed is usually set depending on the type of material being processed. It is better to set the value slightly below the limit. If the speed is very high, then the surface will be wavy, and if, on the contrary, the speed is very low, then there will be protrusions on the treated surface.

It is preferable to set up the sawmill more often, for example, once a day. But if you set up woodworking equipment only once a week, then the setting will take much longer. Also, if possible, check the machine adjustments after any contact between the cam roller and the wood.

2) You should also inspect the parts of the machine that may affect the quality of processing. First, you need to watch the videos. So. on the sides of the rollers, deep scratches are not allowed, which are formed when the rollers do not rotate during sawing. In addition, there should not be any traces of wear on the rollers, otherwise the saw blade will vibrate. When inspecting the bearings, remember that there may be some play. When you change bearings, pay attention to how well they fit into the roller. If the seats are badly broken, then it is better to replace the roller, since it will definitely not work to eliminate the backlash by replacing only one bearing. Check the fastening of the roller axis, if the studs are normal, but there is play, then the housing must be changed.

If the adjusting studs and nuts are out of order, then you need to replace them with new ones. After that, you need to use only a high-quality tool for adjustment so that there is no breakage. After you have replaced broken parts or assemblies, you need to fully adjust the rollers. The guide of the roller during its movement must be exclusively parallel to the supporting table. Often this adjustment is not made, resulting in "waves". Also adjust the position of the saw. If the saw runs off the pulleys, then the trailing edge can be greatly stretched, and therefore the saw begins to cut not at all steadily.

3) You also need to check the band saw. Often the cause of defects is: poor sharpening of the saw, sharpening angle of the saw (if the angle is small enough, then the sawing speed becomes slower, if the angle is too large, then the saw is overloaded and sticks in the tree), insufficient wiring, as well as uneven saw wiring.

The duration of operation of a band saw is influenced by such factors as the type of wood, the diameter of the workpiece being cut, the pressure of the saw, the professionalism of the operator, the cutting speed, and so on.

Appointment of band sawmills SLP

Band sawmills are designed for sawing wood logs of any species into:

Beam, half-beam, chopping block;
Unedged and edged board.

Benefits of SLP band sawmills

band sawmills provide high quality of the processed surface;
band sawmills provide processing accuracy of 0.5-1 mm at a length of 6.5 m;
band sawmills provide an increased yield of finished products compared to frame sawmills;
band sawmills of this type are characterized by low power consumption;
band sawmills provide the ability to cut small-sized wood with a length of 0.5 m and a diameter of up to 900 mm;
installation of a band sawmill without a special foundation;

It is easy to see the advantage of SLP band sawmills over frame sawmills in terms of output. Band sawmills produce quality lumber of precise dimensions, not sawdust. You get more boards from each log with less energy and effort.

The design and principle of operation of the band sawmill.

The band sawmill uses saws that are easy enough to prepare for work. It is only necessary to sharpen and set the teeth.

If the band sawmill is designed thoughtfully and competently, then there are no fundamental advantages of using wide saw blades (from seventy millimeters). Keep in mind that band saws that are designed for a wide saw are much more expensive.
With the help of a band sawmill, you can successfully saw logs of any tree species, even hard ones such as larch, as well as frozen wood.
To adjust sawing patterns according to tooth wear and wood type and density, great importance has smoothness of adjustment of the movement and speed of giving of a portal of the bandsaw machine. Thanks to this quality, the operational parameters of the band sawmill are significantly increased. The gantry of the band saw returns at an accelerated speed, which can also be adjusted. This setting has importance, if you have a goal to reduce the processing time of the sawlog, and also if there is an idle run in the cyclogram of the machine.

On each of the rollers of the rail track of the band saw, cleaning from sticking sawdust is provided.

The position of each of the wheels of the portal is adjustable, which ensures the guaranteed installation of the saw machine on all "four points". By adjusting the wheels, the length of the band saw can vary considerably.

Raising and lowering the saw head of the band sawmill is carried out through a closed two-row chain transmission, driven by a gear motor, which ensures the absence of backlash and reliable fixation of the saw head in the proper position, and its precise adjustment to a certain height.

Band saw adjustment

Acquisition for primary processing of logs in Ufa, Voronezh or other regions of our country, tape equipment for horizontal, vertical or dividing sawing will require further maintenance.

In particular, the adjustment and adjustment of such equipment can only be performed by specialists. It is not surprising that large woodworking plants must include an adjuster in their staff. Working on such equipment, the machinist does not know how to do it in order to get the most out of the machine. And if the price of equipment, in particular industrial equipment, is high, then the maximum return on it will be required.

Sawmills Wood Mizer, Vanguard, Avito, Astron, Beka-Mak, Lesnik, Taiga of other manufacturers will only work with full dedication when they are serviced by professionals. If, for example, when sawing logs, such a defect as a “wave” appears, that is, the board is uneven at the output, then you need to urgently contact the adjuster.

The operator of a band sawmill must independently be able to select the appropriate saw and set the desired sawing speed for a particular type of wood. If these operations are performed correctly, and the “wave” remains, then it is necessary to check all the nodes and mechanisms of the machine. In particular, we pay attention to the saw rollers, check their fastening, bearing wear. But first of all, we pay attention to the sharpening of the saw and the uniformity of its wiring.

Band sawmill "Atlant"

Band sawmill "Atlant" is used for longitudinal sawing roundwood on a board, beam, sleeper, veneer. In addition to the 11 kW engine required for this class of sawmills, a powerful design, a pulley diameter of at least 600 mm, as well as a full range of smaller components, Atlant has a number of important technical advantages.
Atlant band sawmills attract customers with their power, reliability and productivity, as well as important technical features, allowing you to save expensive cutting tools and your time spent working with them and get high-quality and competitive products.

Distinctive features:
Setting up a band sawmill video
"Atlant" is equipped with a pressure gauge used to control the tension of the saw. It is known that when applying the technology of band sawing, the “stumbling block” is the band saws themselves. Very often they do not reach or overtighten, thus significantly reducing the life of the saw. The pressure gauge allows you to set, and most importantly maintain the optimal degree of tension of the saw during operation.
An important node that requires special attention is the saw tension node. In the Atlant sawmill, the tension mechanism acts as a damper, which compensates for the thermal elongation of the saw, and also reduces shock and jerk loads.

The presence of an ammeter in the electrical circuit of the sawmill "Atlant" also allows you to extend the life of the band saw and prevent overloading the main engine. The ammeter allows you to constantly monitor the current strength, an increase in which indicates that the engine starts to work under load, and therefore the sawing process is difficult, which is an indicator of the bluntness of the saw and the need to replace it.
At the Atlant sawmill, pulleys with a diameter of 600 mm are installed, made of a special bimetallic alloy. This alloy ensures good grip of the saw with the pulley, preventing it from slipping. The steel of the band saws and the material of the pulley have a high coefficient of friction. This fact again has a positive effect on the condition of your band saw.

The changed sawing angle used on the Atlant band sawmill reduces the dynamic load on the saw as a result of the fact that the band saw teeth enter the log not simultaneously, but sequentially. The feed rate of the carriage also increases, since more teeth are involved in the cut than when the carriage is perpendicular to the log, and as a result, the productivity of the sawmill increases by about 20%.

Belts. Goodyear is a world leader in product quality, supplying 68 percent of the European industry's belt needs. High-quality Goodyear belts in the drive mechanism ensure reliable and trouble-free operation of the sawmill. Goodyear products are ISO-9000 certified.

Motor-reducer with manual fine-tuning, allows you to set the required size of the board as accurately as possible.
Electrician. The control panel of the machine is made in accordance with the European standard ISO-9000, using electrical products IEC companies. Testing the readiness of the electrical circuit for operation, protection against electric shock, thermal protection provides the highest level of safety when working with equipment.

rail sections. Calibrated steel used as guides allows for smooth and straight movement of the carriage along the log, which is especially important for maintaining the exact geometric dimensions of your products.
Bearings. The pressure rollers are assembled using the world's most accurate bearings from the well-known SKF company (Sweden) and do not require lubrication during operation. Professional equipment for a profitable business!

Sharpening machine for band saws "SAZ 150.32"

Thanks to a wide range of settings, the machine is universal for sharpening band saws with a width of 32-50mm. The machine is provided convenient adjustments: SAW PITCH, SHARPENING ANGLE.
The special HEAD ROLL system allows you to adjust the SAW PROFILE without changing the cam.
The machine is equipped with an air cooling system for the drive mechanism, which allows it to work in a 3-shift mode.
The scope of delivery includes adjustable stops to support the saw.
All parts of the machine are galvanized, which significantly extends the service life of its main components.
The machine has two speeds: the first for convenient adjustment, the second for the working mode.
The machine is certified according to GOST +. The warranty period is 12 months.
To connect the machine, no additional electrical equipment is required, the machine operates from a 220 W socket.
The machine is equipped with a grinding wheel made in the Czech Republic. Setting up a band sawmill Hurricane Chronicles
Technical data

1. dimensions, mm 1650x750x300
2. Rated voltage (grinding wheel drive), V 220
3. Rated network frequency (grinding wheel drive), Hz 50
4. Engine power (grinding wheel drive), W 50
5. Grinding wheel rotation frequency, rpm, not less than 3000
6. Grinding wheel brand PP 150-6, 25A25NST16K2035BZ GOST 2424-83
7. Rated voltage (saw feed drive), V 220
8. Engine power (saw feed drive), W 70
9. Width of sharpened band saws, mm 30-50
10. Pitch of sharpened band saws, mm 19-25
11. Weight, kg 20.5

Very often, when working on a band sawmill, such a defect as a “wave” occurs, i.e. the uneven surface of the board, which is obtained after sawing the log. In order to avoid this defect, four factors must be taken into account band saw blade adjustment, which directly affect the cut.

Woodworking equipment operator
The operator must pay special attention to setting up the band sawmill. His duties include right choice saws, as well as setting the optimal sawing speed. The speed is set depending on the wood being processed. It is better to set the value slightly below the limit. If the speed is too high, the surface will be wavy, and if it is too low, the surface will have protrusions like on a washboard. You need to set up a band sawmill as often as possible (preferably once a day). If you set up your woodworking equipment once a week, then setting up will take you a very long time. If possible, check the adjustment of the machine after every possible contact between the wood and the support roller.

band sawmill
All parts of the machine that can cause the appearance of a "wave" should be inspected. First of all, you need to inspect the saw rollers. On the sides of the rollers, there should not be deep scratches, which, as a rule, are formed if the rollers do not rotate during cutting. The rollers must not show wear marks, otherwise the saw blade will vibrate. When inspecting the bearings, it is worth remembering that only a small amount of play is allowed. When you change bearings, pay attention to how well they fit into the roller. If the seats are broken, then it is better to immediately change the video, because. it will not be possible to remove the backlash by replacing the bearings alone.

Also check the fastening of the roller axle. If the studs are in order, but there is play, then the case should be changed. If the adjusting studs and locknuts are out of order, replace them with new ones. After that, use only a quality tool to adjust them to avoid quick breakage. After you have replaced the defective components and parts, fully adjust the rollers. The guide of the movable roller during its movement must be strictly parallel to the plane of the support table. Often this adjustment is not made, resulting in a "wave" on the surface. Adjust the position of the saw on the pulleys. If the saw runs off the pulleys, then the trailing edge is greatly stretched, and therefore the saw begins to saw unsteadily.
Band-saw
Often the following reasons lead to the appearance of a “wave” from the outside:
Poor sharpening of the saw (the saw is dull).
Insufficient amount of saw spreading, as well as uneven wiring.
Saw sharpening angle. If the angle is too small, the sawing speed is reduced. If it is too large, the saw is overloaded and starts to get stuck in the tree.
The following factors also affect the duration of the "life" of a band saw:
sawn log diameter
wood species
Operator professionalism
Saw pressure
Wood Purity
Cutting speed
Saw position.

Wood
A “wave” when sawing wood can form in the following cases:
Uneven density of wood. To avoid this shortcoming, it is necessary either to change the cutting pattern in different areas, or to constantly additionally level the surface of the resulting beam.
Frozen wood. If the tree is completely frozen, then there will be no problems when cutting. But if the tree froze quite a bit, then problems with uneven density will begin.
Wood with many knots. In this case, when passing each knot, it is worth gradually reducing, and then increasing the speed.
Resinous wood. If, when sawing on a band sawmill, resin sticks to the tool, the saw thickens, begins to rub against the walls of the cut and heats up.
Therefore, it is worth using a washing liquid to get rid of the resin on the saw.

Band saw setup

Band sawmills must be operated in accordance with the purpose specified in the operation manual and setting up the band sawmill. Before work, it is necessary to check the presence and correctness of the grounding connection Band sawmills must be operated in accordance with the purpose specified in the instruction manual. Setting up band sawmills before work, you need to check:

Band sawmills must be operated in accordance with the purpose specified in the operation manual and setting up the band sawmill. Before work, it is necessary to check the presence and correctness of the ground connection.

Band sawmills must be operated in accordance with the purpose specified in the instruction manual.

Setting up band sawmills before work, you need to check:

Availability and correctness of ground connection in the band sawmill;
availability of shop ventilation connection to the branch pipe on the protective cover of the pulley and saw blade guard;
reliability and correct installation of the band saw.

The presence of moving parts and electrical equipment in the machine requires strict adherence to safety regulations during its operation:

Check the health of the insulation of conductive cables and the reliability of connecting their contacts;
check the integrity and reliability of ground wires;
adjust, replace the saw band and troubleshoot only after disconnecting the machine from the mains;
during the operation of the machine, hands should not be in the zone of the cutting tool;
the drive mechanism of the band saw, during the operation of the machine, must be closed with a casing;
when the band saw breaks or the supply of the machine is interrupted electric shock, it should be disabled immediately.
It is forbidden to operate band sawmills:

When the buttons on the control panel do not work clearly;
when a smell characteristic of burning insulation and smoke appears;
with the appearance of increased noise, knocking, vibration;
work on the machine without personal protective equipment (headphones);
in case of damage to the working tool;
It is forbidden to use the machine for work not specified in the instruction manual.

Workers servicing the machine must be familiar with the device and features of the machine and instructed on the following issues:

The order of work on the machine;
machine care;
safety regulations.

How to prevent a “wave” defect

How to prevent a “wave” defect - practical advice when working on a band sawmill.

Checking the saw rollers.
The main reason for the appearance of such a defect can be saw rollers. If the saw rollers do not rotate when sawing, deep “grooves” may form on the edges of the rollers. You also need to constantly clean the rollers of the sawmill from working out to avoid vibration of the saw blade.
Mounting of roller axles.
Do not forget to check the fastening of the roller axis and the play of the bearings. You should also replace the roller completely if the places for installing the bearings are broken, since without this operation it will not be possible to eliminate a large play.
Check the correctness of the adjusting locknuts and studs. If they are not working, then they need to be replaced and adjusted.
After replacing all faulty components and parts, be sure to carefully adjust the rollers. If you do not do this, then a “wave” defect on the surface of the wood is likely to occur. Make sure that the guide of the movable roller is strictly parallel to the plane of the table.
It may be necessary to adjust the position of the saw on the pulleys to avoid unstable cutting of wood.
Band-saw
Often, a defect can occur with such factors:
Saw not sharp enough
Incorrect choice of saw blade sharpening angle. At a large angle, the saw begins to experience overloads, and a small angle reduces the speed of the saw.
Immediate wood quality.

Also, the materials themselves are to blame as the cause of poor-quality cutting.

Many sawers are familiar with this problem: when sawing, an uneven surface of the board, a “wave”, is obtained. The problem is really serious, but, with the right approach, it is quite solvable. Let's sequentially analyze all the factors influencing the sawing process. There are only four of them: operator, machine, saw, wood.

Operator
The first item on our list can sometimes be the last. After all, the correct setting of the machine, the choice of sawing speed and the selection of a saw depending on the type of wood depends on the operator.
The sawing speed should be as close as possible to the maximum for the type of wood. If the sawing speed is insufficient, the surface takes on the appearance of a washboard. If the speed, on the contrary, is too high, the saw no longer has time to make a cut and, as a result, a “wave” occurs.

Particular attention is the setting of the machine. Often, even experienced operators do not pay due attention to the condition of the machine, referring to the fact that adjustments take a lot of time. And maintenance of the machine is carried out once a week, or even less often. Indeed, the adjustment and repair of the machine in this case is a rather lengthy process: after all, a lot of problems are accumulated in a week, which had not reached the hands before. Our recommendation is to check the machine setting every day, and always after possible contact between the saw's support rollers and the log. To check is not to regulate, and it takes a little time to do so.

The operator also has control over the selection and condition of saws, which I will talk about later.

Machine
Let's consider what parts and components of the machine can provoke the appearance of a "wave" when sawing.

Saw guide rollers. They determine the position of the saw relative to the support table of the machine. The correctness of the installation of the rollers is controlled using the adjusting ruler included in the machine kit. This ruler must be stored separately from other instruments to avoid damage. In case of loss or damage to the ruler, we recommend purchasing a new one, and not trying to make it yourself.

So, first we examine the videos. They must not show wear marks on the working surface that cause the saw blade to vibrate. On the sides of the rollers there should not be deep scratches that form if the rollers did not rotate when the saw was moving.

In addition, the condition of the bearings is checked. Let's just say a very small gap. In the event that the bearings are replaced, it is necessary to check how they fit in the roller housing. If the mounting holes are broken, you most likely will not be able to eliminate the play by replacing the bearings, and the newly installed bearings will quickly fail.

Next, the fastening of the axis (finger) of the roller in the housing is checked. If a backlash is detected (all the studs securing the axle are tightened), the housing is replaced. Often during operation, the place where the roller body is attached to the carriage guide is damaged, so it is not possible to correctly adjust the position of the rollers (there is no adjustment margin). You can try to straighten the bend by first dismantling the roller housing. True, this can damage the welding site, so it is better to replace the defective case with a new one.

It is better to immediately replace broken adjusting studs and rolled lock nuts with new ones, and in the future, in order to prevent their premature failure, we recommend using only a high-quality adjusting tool (14 spanner wrench and 3/16'' hex key). After replacing defective components and parts, the saw rollers are fully adjusted according to the factory instructions. To ensure uniform pressing of the rollers on the saw when moving the movable roller from one extreme position to another, the guide of the movable roller must move in a plane parallel to the plane of the support table. This adjustment is often forgotten or done incorrectly. As a result, when adjusting the kerf width, the rigidity of the saw blade changes, and this provokes the appearance of a “wave”. Also check that there is no play in the roller guide drive assembly. Even a slight backlash is unacceptable here.

Station rollers. It makes no sense to explain the need to replace the rollers that are out of order. Let's focus on the correctness of their adjustment. After adjusting the perpendicularity of the vertical guides to the frame, it is necessary to check the fit of the upper and lower rollers to the corresponding guides. If necessary, the lower pressure rollers (if any) are also adjusted.

Adjusting the position of the saw on the working pulleys. A large run of the saw from the pulleys leads to stretching of the trailing edge, and as a result, the saw becomes unstable in the cut. In this case, the defect does not appear immediately, sometimes after the second or third sharpening, and the operator naturally suspects that the blade is of poor quality. But the new saw, after several sharpenings, cuts just like its predecessors. The conclusion, I think, is up to you.

Machine installation. This is especially important in cases where the support legs of the machine are not secured with anchor bolts, as recommended in the machine's operating instructions. All supporting legs should touch the floor without any gaps. If a gap is found, it must be eliminated by placing a metal plate of the appropriate thickness under the supporting leg. On machines that were produced before 2000, there are no additional support legs that are installed instead of the chassis and prevent the bed from deflecting when the saw head is moved. If these legs are not available on your machine model, we strongly recommend that you install them yourself or purchase them from your Wood-Mizer dealer.

Saw
After making sure that all machine settings correspond to the recommendations, we move on to the main “culprit” of the “wave” occurrence. It is, of course, drinking. First of all, it must be remembered that the key to success in sawing is to strictly follow the instructions for sharpening band saws.

Most often, the "wave" occurs when sawing with blunt saws.

With an insufficient amount of wiring, the sawing speed is sharply reduced. In addition, the saw, even if it is sharp enough, heats up during operation and its tension has to be constantly restored.

The sharpening angle also affects the same. If this angle is more than optimal for a given type of wood, the saw is overloaded (sticky), and if it is insufficient, the sawing speed is reduced.

Separate consideration deserves uneven wiring. If the set is different from tooth to tooth, the “wave” will be random, and will depend mainly on the uneven density of the wood. If the setting is different for different sides of the saw blade, the “wave” will depend on the predominance of the amount of setting (in one direction or the other) and will occur when the sawing speed changes. Indirectly, the presence of such a defect is evidenced by the fact that after entering the wood, the saw dives down or rises up.

A saw whose tooth pitch or tooth height changes from tooth to tooth will cut jerkily and with significant vibration. We must not forget about the harm that unremoved burrs cause. In addition to increasing the risk of saw blade breakage, the presence of burrs leads to saw blade braking in the cut, its heating, and, consequently, to the appearance of a “wave”.

Often the saw is damaged when it jumps off the pulleys or when it is not properly released from a jam. They usually correct such a saw and try to cut it further, but you will not achieve a high-quality cut from this saw.

Wood
Consider those characteristics of wood that affect the formation of a "wave". First of all, it is the uneven density of the layers. In most cases, the density of the core of the log is much less than the density of the outer layers. Therefore, the amount of sawdust when sawing the core is greater. The saw, meeting such sections on its way, can no longer cope with the removal of sawdust. As a result, its back part heats up and increases in size. The saw bends in the cut, and we see the appearance of a "wave". It is difficult to choose the parameters of the saw in such a way that it equally well cuts both hard outer and soft inner layers at the same time. We recommend changing the cutting pattern or leveling the surface after receiving the timber.

The appearance of a "wave" when sawing frozen wood is well known to most operators. And if sawing completely frozen wood does not cause any particular problems, then sawing slightly frostbitten or partially frozen logs is a very, very difficult task. The sawing technique here is the same as when sawing wood with unequal density.

When sawing wood with a large number of knots, the risk of a “wave” increases many times over. Sawing in this case must be very carefully and smoothly reduced, and then just as smoothly increase the feed rate when passing each knot.

Particular problems are caused by sawing very resinous wood. The fact is that the sticking of sawdust and resin on the saw blade is tantamount to an increase in its thickness. And since the thickness of the cut does not change, the saw begins to rub against the walls of the cut, heat up and, as a result, the tension drops. "Wave" will appear right there.

Apply cleaning fluid (although this does not always help, as the liquid is usually applied only to one side of the saw, and the resin sticks to both sides). Wood Mizer has developed the LubeMizer system for simultaneously supplying washer fluid to both saw planes. We advise you to purchase this system and install it on the machine.

Andrey Fedorov
Mechanic, CJSC "Wood-Maiser East", St. Petersburg

Breakouts with sawing.

1. When entering the log, the saw jumps up and when you remove the board, it is curved like a saber. This is most likely due to the fact that the angle of sharpening the tooth is too large, and the set is not enough. sharpening the tooth by a couple of degrees and increase the divorce by 2-3 thousandths; to the side.
2. When entering the log, the saw jumps up and cuts exactly almost to the end of the log, after which it falls down. This phenomenon is called “squeezing out” or “squeezing out”, that is, they say: the saw is squeezed out. This is most likely caused by a too large angle of sharpening the tooth. Try reducing the sharpening angle a couple of degrees.

3. The saw dives down and cuts straight after that. This may be due to several reasons, for example, the fact that the saw has become blunt, however, most likely, the cause of this phenomenon is the insufficient angle of sharpening the saw, which in turn may be caused by the fact that the sharpener does not fill the stone in a timely manner, inspect the blade carefully if the shape tooth seems ideal to you, then you should increase the angle of sharpening the tooth by a couple of degrees.

4. The saw "dives" down and when you remove the board, it curves like a saber. This is most likely caused by insufficient sharpening angle and insufficient wiring at the same time. Look at the canvas carefully, if the shape of the tooth seems ideal to you, then you should increase the sharpening angle by a couple of degrees and increase it by 2-3 thousandths per side.

5. The cut comes in waves. If the saw is sharp, it is due to too little set, increase the set by 0.006-0.008 inch per side on the indicator.

6. There is too much sawdust left on the board and it feels loose to the touch. This is most likely caused by too much set-up and if you look closely you will see characteristic scratches across the board, the so-called "tooth marks". As you probably guessed, it should be a saw.

7. Sawdust “rolls” on the saw blade. This is due to the fact that the saw is not sufficiently diluted and there is not enough air left in the cut, the saw blade rubs against the sawdust, it heats up and the wood dust bakes onto the saw. Increase the set 0.005" per side of the indicator.

8. The filings "roll" on the top surface of the tooth, but this does not happen on the surface of the saw. This is due to poor sharpening quality (too much feed or too much metal removal and, as a result, poor surface quality at the tooth cavity), or too high a sharpening angle of the tooth, or the fact that the blade was continued to saw after it had already become dull.

9. The sawdust on the board is compressed and hot to the touch. The set is not enough, you should increase the set by 0.003 inch per side on the indicator. Reduce sharpening angle.

10. The saw is cracked at the back. This is because the back stops of the idlers are too far from the back of the blade. The distance from the back of the blade to the stop of the guide roller must not exceed the value indicated on the reverse, depending on the type of machine.

11. A new, never re-sharpened saw cracks in the cavity of the tooth. This is most often caused by the blade not being thinned enough for the job it is trying to do (see point 4 of the basic sawing rules), or by continuing to cut with the blade after it has become dull), or could have happened after the first cut, if the log was sufficiently "rolled" in the sand.

12. After resharpening, the blade is covered with cracks in the tooth cavities. During resharpening, too much metal was removed at one time, resulting in a regrind of the tooth surface. Or this is due to a change in the geometry of the tooth. Compare the geometry of the tooth with that which was originally by attaching a piece of blade to the saw that has never been resharpened.

Machine ANKORD

Key benefits and distinctive features machine:

1. Profile sharpening of the tooth. A special grinding wheel with a diameter of 127 mm (CBN, galvanized bond) enters the tooth at an angle and sharpens the entire tooth profile at once;
2. A constant band saw tooth profile is maintained.

3. Does not cauterize. During sharpening, the circle is constantly washed with a jet of oil, so the saw does not burn, does not harden, does not crack;

4. Updates saws. The elbor wheel effectively grinds out all the microcracks that appeared in the band saw during the sawing of logs;

5. Savings. It has been practically proven that with such sharpening, on average, savings of up to 70% on saws are achieved, and up to 3,000 band saws (4.0 m) can be sharpened with one such CBN wheel.

6. It does not require qualified personnel, only a person who is able to install the band saw on the machine and press the "Start" button is needed.

7. During operation, the machine does not need to be monitored, because after the quality, the machine will stop itself

8. Has a significantly lower price compared to analogues, not inferior to them in quality.

Advantages

1. Sharpening of band saws is carried out with an abrasive wheel on a ceramic or bakelite bond without coolant.
2. Significantly lower price.
3. Lighter weight, takes up less space.
4. When it trains the eye, the firmness of the hand and character, perseverance and hearing.

Flaws

1. A person is required when sharpening band saws.
2. A person should not be stupid and sober (preferably).
3. For dressing a circle when sharpening band saws, you need a diamond pencil and a certain skill.
If all this is there, then sharpening the saw will not be any particular problem, and your band sawmill will cut smoothly and for a long time, and you will be rich and happy.

The main characteristics of circles for sharpening band saws

Wheels for saws are designed and manufactured with a high degree of accuracy using advanced technologies and high-precision equipment that provide high quality sharpening of band saws for processing various types of wood. The wheel consists of a body made of steel and a profiled working part made of Borazon, which copies the profile of the tooth cavity of the band saw with high accuracy, which ensures the repeatability of the tooth profile of the band saw being sharpened during the entire period of durability. Application as cutting material The wear-resistant borazon of the working part of the circle can significantly increase the tool life and the quality of the teeth of band saws sharpened by it, reduce the roughness of the treated tooth surface.

Circles for sharpening band saws are characterized by:

High resistance and repeatability of the profile,
- high performance,
- high quality of the processed surfaces.

Bundle characteristic

The wheels are made on a galvanic bond using high-quality Borazon grades and steel bodies. The galvanic bond provides reliable retention of the Borazon grain on the working part of the circle and high accuracy of its profile in the process of sharpening band saws.

Additional requirements

For a more accurate production of a wheel with other profile parameters than those presented in this catalog, it is advisable to provide us with an element of a band saw with several teeth as a sample.

As practice shows, all the talk about summer and winter angles is carried out when sharpening the saw on ordinary grinding wheels, when a narrow grinding stone sequentially passes the saw tooth. For various reasons - mainly due to improper preparation of the grinding stone and machine backlash - the actual spread of the resulting rake angle on one saw on different teeth when measured with a goniometer usually has a spread of 3-7 °. With such real spreads, talking about winter 9° or summer 12° is simply meaningless. The saw always cuts well, only when the rake angle on all saw teeth is the same, and its value of 10 ° is optimal for working in winter and summer. The values ​​of the back angle of the tooth and the depth of the cavity are not so important.

Please note: the front and rear angles of all saw manufacturers are approximately the same. All of them differ slightly only in the shape of the cavity and the height of the tooth, which is of no fundamental importance. Also, no manufacturer ever exactly repeats the tooth profile from batch to batch. Therefore, when the saw is installed in grinding machine the first time, it must first be profiled by the disk, i.e. 2-4 circles are machined. That. You can get almost any profile on any saw. All subsequent sharpening of the band saw will be done in one pass.

Sharpening of band saws

Obviously, the band saw, that is, the tool that directly performs the work as part of the band sawmill, must be in good working order. Meanwhile, nothing lasts forever, and the saw in the process of work, like any cutting tool, loses its qualities.

How to sharpen band saws?

If an ordinary saw can, if desired, be sharpened with a different grinding tool, then for a band saw, alas, there is only one option - an industrial grinding machine. Therefore, good sharpening equipment is not a luxury, but a necessary component of a stable sawmill. Well established regular and correct sharpening band saws alone can lead to a significant increase in the production of lumber, not to mention serious savings in saws (especially if they are expensive and of high quality), and working time.
Already after the completion of two or three sawing cycles, the geometry of the saw tooth changes. Perhaps while this does not so clearly affect the quality of the lumber, and there is no small temptation to continue working until obvious failures begin - there will be a "wave", for example. Naturally, this approach (that is, the saw is removed and sharpened only when its further operation is impossible) reduces downtime and saves sharpener time. However, in this case, when regrinding, a greater removal of the saw material is inevitable, while the geometry of both the saw tooth and the grinding stone changes. All this inevitably leads to a fairly quick failure of the saw. With this approach, the saw blade to break the saw blade is usually up to 25 cubic meters.

Proper sharpening of band saw blades

Another approach is possible, when sharpening is done quite often, maybe every hour and a half (the same two or three cycles). At the same time, the saw is still quite sharp, in fact, it only slightly recovers (after rest!) And goes back to work. In this case, when sharpening, the minimum amount of material is removed, and the shape of the tooth practically does not change, that is, the saw remains in a state close to ideal for a long time. With this approach, the saw can withstand up to fifty regrindings, and the saw cut to break the saw is up to 80 cubic meters.

Of course, you can choose the optimal mode of operation for each enterprise only on the basis of specific conditions. But, as a rule, the cost of acquiring a professional semi-automatic bandsaw sharpener and a sufficient number of quality replacement blades for a stable operating sawmill pays off many times over.

We also remind you that sharpening and wiring of saws should be carried out only on a “rested” (10 or more hours) saw. The fact is that the saw blade is subjected to serious loads and “tired”, that is, it changes its physical properties during operation. This is another reason why a saw that is operated in "impact" mode, "no downtime", fails faster. After a "rest", when the physical properties and partially the geometry of the saw are restored, the sharpener restores the cutting edge without damaging the saw.

Sharpening and wiring of band saws

A band saw blade is the main cutting tool in a wood processing plant. Both the service life and the quality of the resulting cut depend on the correct wiring and sharpening of the band saw, which is why special attention must be paid to preparing the tool for work. Your profit and your expenses depend on how responsibly you approach this.
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The preparation of saws in our company begins with an inspection of the blade to find out whether the saw is still ready to serve its owner or it needs to be changed. If no cracks and unacceptable damage are found during the external examination, the saw is transferred to the workshop, where experienced craftsmen carry out the wiring and sharpening of the band saw.

Band saw wiring

The essence of the process is to set the saw teeth in different directions from the central axis of the blade. This is done in order to ensure the passage of the blade itself when cutting without overheating and excessive friction. The larger the tooth set - the wider the cut, the softer the wood - the greater should be the deviation of the tooth from the blade.

Band saw sharpening

It is carried out on specialized grinding equipment, under the supervision of an operator. Sharpening is usually carried out 4-5 hours after removing the saw from the machine.

In our company we are ready to offer you professional service to prepare the cutting tool for work at fairly adequate prices. Many timber merchants, both in our own and neighboring regions, have been trusting us for many years.

Proper preparation of the saw for work

When cutting wood with improperly sharpened hand saws the following main defects are possible: incorrect longitudinal cut (with improper setting and sharpening of the teeth); highly rough saw cut surface (unequal tooth setting); non-perpendicular cut of the board face during cross sawing (incorrectly set and sharpened teeth).

Therefore, it is necessary to carefully prepare the saws, first of all, to properly dilute and sharpen their teeth. Before adjustment, the canvas is cleaned of corrosion and resin with a rag soaked in kerosene. It is impossible to edit and use saws with shells and cracks.

Adjust the saw like this. The curved blade is ruled with a hammer on a straight iron or steel plate. You can also slowly pull the canvas, holding it in a vise between copper or aluminum plates. Then the profile and height of the teeth are aligned (jointed) using a special jointer. It consists of a block made of solid wood hardwood, with a hole and a slot for the blade and a trihedral file inserted into the hole. The fabric must be securely fastened.

Fugue so. A web is inserted into the slot of the block and, pressing slightly on the jointer, move it along the teeth of the saw. The teeth are leveled with a file. All teeth must have an equal shape, therefore, the worn teeth must be sharpened and the cavities between them should be leveled.

To avoid clamping the teeth of the blade in the cut and reduce the friction of the blade on the wood, it is necessary to spread the teeth using a tool. When divorced, all the teeth are bent by the same amount alternately (through one) in different directions. The teeth are bent to 7 g of height or 2/3 from their base; otherwise, cracks may form at the base, causing breakage of the teeth. The amount of divorce depends on the size of the teeth, but it should always not exceed the thickness of the blade.

Divorce and sharpening of the saw For saws with fine teeth, the divorce is made 0.1-0.2 mm on one side, for medium teeth 0.2-0.3 mm and for large teeth 0.3-0.6 mm. The teeth are bent back to a smaller value for sawing hardwood and to a larger one for sawing soft wood. So, for dry hard wood, each tooth is bent on average by 0.25-0.5 mm, and soft wood by 0.5-0.6 mm.

Due to the set of teeth, the cut is wider than the thickness of the blade, so it moves freely in the cut.

For divorce and sharpening of the saw, the blade is fixedly and rectilinearly securely clamped at a distance of 3-5 mm from the base line of the teeth between the bars, in special clamps mounted on a workbench.

As a result of the divorce, all the teeth of the blade must be bent by the same amount, and their tops on each side of the blade should be on the same line.

The correct divorce and sharpening of the saw is controlled by a template that is applied to the blade and carried out along the crown of teeth on both sides of the blade. Incorrectly bent teeth must be corrected, as they will give an uneven cut and take the blade away from the risk. In addition, less bent teeth will not participate in the work, and more bent ones will cut with increased load and quickly fail.

Divorced saw teeth are sharpened with files provided for by GOST 6476-67 “Files for sharpening saws on wood”, selecting them according to the shape and size of the tooth.
They are made of steel U13 or U13A trihedral, rhombic, round and flat with double and single notches.

Files with a double cut should have 24 main and 20 auxiliary cuts per 10 mm length, and with a single cut - 24 main cuts. Large files and narrow sides of triangular, rhombic and flat files should only have a single cut. The narrow sides of triangular and rhombic files should be flat or oval. The file is installed in the bosom of the blade and, pressing it slightly against the tooth, during the working stroke “away from you”, three or four movements are made with the file. During the reverse movement “toward yourself”, you must not touch the teeth with a file. You have to sharpen smoothly. With fast movement and strong pressure, the saw may heat up and temper the hardened steel.
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Saws for longitudinal sawing, the teeth of which have the shape of an oblique triangle, are sharpened on one side perpendicular to the saw blade. Saws for transverse sawing, having the shape of a tooth in the form of an isosceles triangle, are sharpened by placing the file at an angle of 60-70 ° to the saw blade. The teeth are sharpened through one; sharpening on one side, turn the blade on the other side and sharpen the missing teeth.

Sometimes when sawing, an uneven, wavy surface of the board occurs, which naturally reduces the quality of the product.

• correct machine settings
• cutting speed
• saw quality
• wood quality

Machine setup.
The machine setting should be checked daily, and always after possible contact between the saw support rollers and the log. The guide rollers of the saw determine the position of the saw relative to the support table of the machine. The correctness of their installation is controlled by the adjusting ruler. The rollers themselves should not have traces of wear on the working surface - this leads to vibration of the saw. There should be no deep scratches on the sides of the rollers (they are obtained if the rollers did not rotate when the saw was moving). The condition of the bearings is also checked. If bearings are being replaced, it is necessary to check the condition of the mounting holes in the roller housing - they should not be broken. In this case, the roller assembly must be replaced.

Next, the fastening of the axis (finger) of the roller in the housing is checked. If a backlash is detected (all the studs securing the axle are tightened), the housing is replaced. Often during operation, the place where the roller body is attached to the carriage guide is damaged, so it is not possible to correctly adjust the position of the rollers (there is no adjustment margin). You can try to straighten the bend by first dismantling the roller housing. True, this can damage the welding site, so it is better to replace the defective case with a new one. Broken adjusting studs and rolled locknuts should be replaced immediately with new ones.

After replacing defective components and parts, a complete adjustment of the saw rollers is carried out. To ensure uniform pressing of the rollers on the saw when moving the movable roller from one extreme position to another, the guide of the movable roller must move in a plane parallel to the plane of the support table. Without such an adjustment, when the kerf changes, the stiffness of the saw blade changes, and this provokes the appearance of a “wave”.

Please note: there should not be even a slight play in the drive unit of the movable roller guide.

Station rollers.
After adjusting the perpendicularity of the vertical guides to the frame, it is necessary to check the fit of the upper and lower rollers to the corresponding guides. If necessary, the lower pressure rollers (if any) are also adjusted.

Adjusting the position of the saw on the working pulleys.
A large run of the saw from the pulleys leads to stretching of the trailing edge, and as a result, the saw becomes unstable in the cut. In this case, the defect does not occur immediately, sometimes after the second or third sharpening.

Machine installation.
This is especially important in cases where the support legs of the machine are not secured with anchor bolts, as recommended in the machine's operating instructions. All supporting legs should touch the floor without any gaps. If a gap is found, it must be eliminated.

sawing speed.

The sawing speed should be as close as possible to the maximum for the type of wood. If the sawing speed is insufficient or, conversely, too high, there is a chance of getting a "wave". Saw quality. Sawing speed directly depends on the quality of the saw. Often a "wave" occurs if the saw is blunt, or the amount of its wiring is insufficient - all this reduces the sawing speed. The angle of sharpening has the same effect. If this angle is more than optimal for a given type of wood, the saw is overloaded (sticky), and if it is insufficient, the sawing speed is reduced.

Separate consideration deserves uneven wiring. If the set is different from tooth to tooth, the “wave” will be random, and will depend mainly on the uneven density of the wood. If the setting is different for different sides of the saw blade, the “wave” will depend on the predominance of the amount of setting (in one direction or the other) and will occur when the sawing speed changes. It is possible to assume the presence of such a defect if, after entering the wood, the saw dives down or rises up.

A saw whose tooth pitch or tooth height changes from tooth to tooth will cut jerkily and with significant vibration - and as a result, with a "wave". If there are burrs left on the saw, this will cause the saw to heat up, and hence a "wave".

If the saw has been damaged, then, as a rule, even after straightening it cannot provide a quality cut.

Wood quality.

In the occurrence of a wave, wood is “guilty”. Basically, the point here is the uneven density of the various layers of the log, which is due either to the type of wood, the presence of knots, or the degree of “frostiness”. It is difficult to deal with this: it is almost impossible to choose the parameters of the saw in such a way that it cuts equally well both hard outer and soft inner layers at the same time. We recommend changing the cutting pattern or leveling the surface after receiving the timber.

When sawing knotty wood, the risk of “waves” increases. Care is needed here: you will have to smoothly reduce, and then just as smoothly increase the feed rate when passing a knot.

If the wood is very resinous, the sticking of sawdust and resin on the saw blade significantly increases its thickness, the saw heats up and, as a result, the tension drops and a “wave” appears. Washing liquid should be used.