Recommendations for sawing and sorting (photo gallery). The work of a band sawmill: sawing logs into boards. Band sawmill Taiga T3 and its features How to cut round wood on a band sawmill

The specification of sawmill raw materials is given in the task for the course project.

According to the specification, edged lumber is required, a significant part of which is a certain width. Therefore, the lumber method of cutting logs is chosen. In addition, logs with a diameter of 34, 32, 30, 28, and 26 cm are intended for cutting, which can be sawn using this method. In the specification of lumber, the most difficult (basic) assortment is boards with a thickness of 50 mm and a width of 275 mm. When producing lumber of a certain section in accordance with the rules for compiling sets when sawing with a bar, the thickness of the bar of the maximum volume is 0.6-0.8 of the top diameter of the log. Therefore, for the production of sawn timber with a width of 275 mm, sawn raw materials with a diameter of 34 cm are selected. Simultaneously with the main assortment, sawing out of lumber with a thickness of 25 and 19 mm is provided.

In table. 8.1 shows setting No. 1 for a board with a section of 50275 mm, boards with a thickness of 25 and 19 mm from logs with a diameter of 34 cm.

Let's determine the volumes of boards of the main and passing assortment from logs with a diameter of 34 cm with a volume of 94.16 m 3:

The obtained values are recorded in the corresponding columns of the “Plan for cutting logs into lumber”.

Total lumber for delivery (m 3). The correctness of filling out the “Plan for cutting logs into sawn timber” is determined by comparing the calculated volumetric yield with the actual yield according to the delivery P = 65.41%.

In this example, the task for the production of sawn timber of the main assortment was overfulfilled. The remaining volume of logs can be sawn into the following lumber according to the specification.

The resulting value is recorded in the plan for cutting logs, because the raw material of this diameter remains, we use it to obtain the next main assortment of 50 × 200 mm. and the calculations are repeated.

Similarly, we make calculations for subsequent sections, the results of the calculation are recorded in Table. 8.1.

Sawing a forest is a cycle of actions using a variety of technologies aimed at obtaining lumber from round timber suitable for further use in industry. The duration and labor intensity of the process depend on the chosen method of processing round timber, as well as the time of year.

Tool and equipment

Trunks and large-sized branches go into production. All material is divided into groups according to the thickness and presence of bark. Often, wood processing enterprises have workshops near the harvesting site, in which machines are installed for the initial processing of wood.

Manual debarking of the forest

The wood that has not passed the debarking stage can be used on the construction of floors or as a ridge beam in the corresponding interior, or as a supporting device during construction.

Industrial debarking

If another option for using the tree is planned, then sawing is carried out, resulting in the following segments:

unedged and semi-edged (rough material from which the bases of the floor, walls or ceiling are mounted);
edged (designed for finishing flooring).

The sawing can be carried out by a field organization that has all essential tool.

Tree sawing map

The rational use of the material is ensured by compliance with the sawing map. This allows you to reduce the cost due to waste, the percentage of which the card can significantly reduce. The used tools and types of forest processing equipment depend on the volume, desired quality and size of the finished lumber.

Wood sawing machine

Most often use a circular saw and various machines:

the circular saw allows you to make precise cuts of various directions. Suitable for both professional and home use, perfectly copes with the diameter of the round timber above the average;
chainsaw;
machines for clean removal of bark;
sawing for band sawmill makes it possible to process dense logs, is considered the most popular, since the output is high-quality material and a small amount of waste;
disk machine: production of two-edged timber and unedged boards;
a frame sawmill does not need a foundation, the technology with its use allows you to install equipment in close proximity to the cutting site;
thin gauge process universal machines, the output gives high-quality building materials even from low-grade whips;
sawing round timber at a large woodworking enterprise should be carried out with the largest amount of sawn timber, which differs from the rest in special quality and exact dimensions. For this purpose, special lines are installed for sawing.

At the sawmill, a beam and an edged board are obtained due to the cut of a log up to 7 m long and 15-80 cm in diameter along the longitudinal line. The circular saw has one or more discs, it processes different diameters of the forest according to their number.

If at home it is necessary to process a small amount of wood, then you can use a regular chainsaw.

cutting wood

Before choosing a tool, you need to decide on the type of cut, focusing on the annual rings of the log. There are several types:

radial (along the radius);
tangential (the cut is parallel to one radius, touches the annual rings);
the fibers are arranged parallel to the cut being made.

Among the cutting methods, the one that is most suitable for a particular case is selected:

Razval. Sawing wood in this way is carried out for deciduous trees with a small thickness of the trunk, is considered the simplest processing. Exit: unedged elements and slabs.
If there is another woodworking machine, then it is possible to cut up to 65% of the material to produce edged boards of the same width. First, a two-edged timber and boards are sawn from the sides, and then a certain amount of edged lumber is obtained from the timber.
More specific methods are sector and segment sawing. The number of elements in the first method varies from 4 to 8, and depends on the thickness of the trunk. After separation, elements are sawn from each sector along a tangential or radial line. The second method begins with the exit of the beam from the central part, and boards are sawn from the side segments in a tangential direction.
For individual sawing of wood, the circular method is suitable. It is based on turning the log along the longitudinal line by 90° after each sawn board. This allows you to monitor the quality of wood and timely remove the affected areas of the trunk.

Handmade: chainsaw application

For home cutting of several trunks, it is not advisable to purchase a tool whose cost is several times higher than the price of finished products. If you have the necessary skill, then it is more efficient and cheaper to do the whole necessary work conventional chainsaw, or chain equipment powered by electricity. Of course, such work requires much more physical costs and time, but the price of the issue is significantly reduced.

Work on garden plot needs pruning fruit trees, and it also becomes possible to additionally produce material for outbuildings without resorting to the services of specialists, so that any zealous owner would prefer to buy a chainsaw. Most often, conifers are harvested for the home, and this tool does an excellent job of sawing them. Thanks to even trunks, it is easier to outline the cut lines, which increases the speed of work. Professionals, by the way, most often use a chainsaw, since it is more powerful than an electric one and you can use it anywhere, regardless of whether there is a cutting or sawing of power supplies at the site.

To work with a chainsaw on cutting logs, you will need such a device as a nozzle on the saw, as well as saw cut guides and base-trunk fixers. The nozzle in the form of a frame is attached to the tool so that it remains possible to adjust the distance between the chain and the frame itself. This is done to enable the output of finished lumber, different in thickness. For the role of the guide, you can take either a profile of the desired length, or a flat wooden plank with sufficient rigidity. A special chain is selected for the tool, designed to cut the trunk along. Its difference from the rest is in the teeth, sharpened at a certain angle.

Before starting work, it is necessary not only to prepare all the necessary tools. Regardless of whether a woodworking machine is intended for processing the trunk or hand fixture, the first step is to familiarize yourself with the cut map. This is done in order to minimize the percentage of waste, and increase the yield of useful products.

The first thing you need to worry about when ripping is the uniform density of the finished boards. To do this, a competent sawmiller directs the tool from the east side of the log to the west, or in the opposite direction. This is due to the greater density of round timber in its northern part than in the southern.

Next, the slab is removed from both sides with a chainsaw in such a way as to obtain a two-edged beam. It, in turn, is sawn in accordance with the sawing scheme chosen at the beginning of the work. The output gives an unedged board. If there is a certain percentage of defects in the trunk, then a circular cut is possible with the trunk turning at a right angle or 180 °.

Quantity of finished material, cut price

Exit useful material from conifers and hardwood percentage difference. For lumber obtained from coniferous trees, are characterized by the following indicators:

provided that the operation is carried out by a professional and a sawmill is used, the percentage of finished wood will be the highest (80-85%);
edged material, which is given by machines, averages 55-70%;
unedged board when working with a chainsaw leaves up to 30% of waste.

The figures are given without taking into account the finished rejected wood, the amount of which can reach 30%. However, such material is used for products that allow a certain marriage.

Finished wood products after sawing

Deciduous round timber gives 60% of the finished unedged wood and about 40% of the trimmed wood. This is due to the initial curvature of the round timber. You can increase the amount of products received: this will require woodworking machines of various kinds. A certain kind of fixture can increase the amount of lumber by 10-20%. For one cube of lumber, you will need about 10 cubes of hardwood round timber. The price of installing additional equipment will pay off the cost of the finished forest. Special lines give more volume, but their use is advisable only on a large area. The average price of sawing wood at a conventional sawmill will be approximately 150-180 rubles per cubic meter of boards.

sawing map

The sawing map is a calculation of the optimal amount of finished lumber from one log. It can be calculated independently for each specific log diameter, or you can use computer program, which greatly facilitates the calculation, and the price of which is quite affordable.

Material yield after sawing wood

Or the source can be a regular guide to sawmilling. The result is a table that is taken as a basis. The sawmill must always be oriented to its data, in order to obtain more lumber of any kind of wood.

In this article we will talk about how cutting logs is performed on a band sawmill. In addition, we will consider what are the criteria for selecting one or another method of wood processing and how this affects the characteristics of finished lumber.

Methods for cutting logs to obtain various lumber have been developed and improved for a long time, since this is the only way to get an edged board, timber and other categories of similar products from a solid tree trunk.

An example of what can be obtained from a regular log

For a long time to this day, wood processing methods have evolved, and in addition, new, more productive equipment has appeared that allows you to get the necessary lumber quickly and with a minimum amount of production waste.

Features of wood processing

Cutting chart for automated wood processing

The instruction for processing raw materials and obtaining sawn products consists of a number of technological operations, including longitudinal cutting of logs, sawn timber trimming and cutting to width, sorting by standard sizes, sorting by workmanship quality, drying and storage.

Each of these stages is important in terms of the quality of the finished product. But, it is cutting that is the most time-consuming and responsible stage, during which the main characteristics of finished lumber are formed.

The scheme of cutting, common sawn products

Drawing up a plan for cutting logs into lumber (the choice of a suitable processing method) depends on the type of wood, on the standard sizes of raw materials, on the degree of humidity, on density and hardness, and on many other factors. Of course, the method of processing raw materials is largely determined based on the level of technical equipment of the enterprise.

Consider what equipment is used for industrial sawing of wood and what methods are relevant for each category of this equipment.

Equipment for cutting and features of its application

An example of group wood processing circular saws

The following categories of equipment are used for longitudinal cutting of logs:

Single band saws or circular (circular) saws are a traditional solution that has been used for a long time.
The group of frame saws is a more advanced solution that allows you to significantly increase the productivity of raw material processing without compromising the quality of the finished product.

Let us consider in more detail the features of the use of the listed categories of equipment.

Individual sawing is a method in which single saws are used. In this case, only one cut can be obtained in one pass of the saw. Therefore, the entire tree trunk can be cut in several passes.

Important: The advantage of individual sawing is the independence of each subsequent cut from the previous one.
That is, sawing can be carried out in different planes.
As a result, it becomes possible to more rationally use certain properties of different parts of the log.

At the same time, this method is inefficient, and therefore not suitable for use in large woodworking enterprises.

Group sawing is a technological process during which a group of frame saws is used.
The advantage of this method is that the log is cut completely in one pass. This saves time and, as a result, reduces the cost of production. But you need to remember that group sawing is performed in one plane.
To date, the following categories of equipment for group sawing are most widely used:

narrow-clear vertical frames, machines with circular saws, milling saws (diameter of processed raw materials from 14 to 22 cm).
medium-light vertical frames (diameter from 24 to 48 cm)
wide-clear vertical frames, double and quadruple band saw units (diameter of processed raw materials over 50 cm).

The main methods of longitudinal sawing

It looks like a table for cutting logs on a band sawmill

So, now that we have considered the current methods of processing wood raw materials using special equipment, we will consider the features of the implementation of these methods.

In the modern woodworking industry, the following cutting methods are used:

"Razval" - a method of sawing logs, in which the cut planes are parallel to each other. In accordance with the location of the lumber in the log, the core board or timber is distinguished; central boards, one of the planes of which runs along the longitudinal axis of the log; side boards.

The photo shows a tree trunk installed in a slitting machine

Important: This method of processing wood raw materials is considered the simplest and least laborious.
But it must be taken into account that wooden planks unedged, and therefore you will additionally have to perform a cross-section of the log.

"With a bar" - the method allows you to get a bar with two edges. The remainder of the log is sawn into unedged side boards and a strip. That is, cutting is performed not in one, but in two passes. Moreover, the type of saws used for the first and second pass differ both in the number of cutting surfaces and in their direction.

Band saw cutting edge

The equipment on which the timber is made is called the first row machine, and the equipment by means of which the timber is cut into individual boards is called the second row machine.

The “sectoral” method, during which the log is cut into separate sectors, from which boards are subsequently made.
Sawing according to this method is performed in one pass, when the cutting tools are sequential or in several passes, when initial stage longitudinal sectors are obtained, and at subsequent stages these sectors are divided into lumber.
The sector method is relevant for the manufacture of radial and tangential sawn timber. According to the log diameter and the required dimensions of the workpiece, sawing is performed only into quarters or into quarters, followed by cutting into smaller sectors.
The disadvantages of this method include labor intensity, since the log cutting map is compiled individually. In addition, the processing of wood raw materials produces a large amount of waste.
The segmental method involves sawing the trunk into longitudinal segments, which, in turn, are cut into boards of the required size.
The segment-breaking method involves the simultaneous manufacture of segments and sawing them into lumber of the required size in one pass
Segment-beam method, in which the side segments are simultaneously sawn out, while a two-edged beam is obtained from the middle (central) part.
The method involves cutting in two passes. During the first pass, the log is divided into cant and side segments. During the second pass, the segments are divided into smaller boards.
Circular sawing involves the processing of a log, in which the boards are sawn off sequentially. During processing, the workpiece rotates around its axis, after the next board is sawn off.
Due to laboriousness and individual approach, circular sawing on an industrial scale is practically not used.
The aggregate method involves preliminary milling wooden log, after which the resulting beam with square section cut into required amount boards. During milling, a large amount of technological chips are formed, which, in turn, are used for the manufacture of chipboard or fibreboard.

Features of cross cutting

The most common configuration of crosscut saws

The cross section of a log is called trimming and is performed with special circular saws. Despite the fact that the price of sawn timber increases due to trimming, this stage is mandatory in the course of industrial wood processing. Cross-cutting is performed at the end of the longitudinal sawing of the log.

Lumber, after drying, often have simple, transverse and wavy curvature. Such deformations with their own hands are difficult to correct. To reduce the degree of deformation of the lumber, trimming is performed, during which the part of the wood that has undergone warping is simply cut off.

Automated cutting line for lumber

To perform these works, a cross-cutting machine is used in the form of a frame with a saw with a lower location. During cross-cutting, technological waste is generated, which can be processed into chips and used for the manufacture of particle boards. The location of the cut is determined in accordance with the type of assortment and taking into account the defects of the processed lumber.

Ways to perform cross cutting

Trimming machine in an industrial workshop

Currently, domestic and foreign manufacturers produce a wide range of trimming machines.

In accordance with the configuration of the equipment and the degree of its automation, several options for trimming can be performed:

Trimming beams and boards in a stack at a given constant length. This option is used in the manufacture of various joinery products (doors, windows, stairs, etc.), glued laminated timber and structural elements for wooden housing construction.
Trimming boards with different lengths. During this technological process boards are fed to the working tool, where they are automatically measured. Next, the control unit selects the optimal combination of workpieces that can be cut in one pass in accordance with the specified specification.
Facing with the removal of defects with a variable length of the finished product. This set of equipment allows you to minimize the volume of knots, rot, pigment spots and mechanical deformations by cutting off problem areas from the end of the workpiece.
This option is widely used in the manufacture furniture facades, where gluing of lamellas is allowed to obtain a solid slab. The choice of this trimming option allows to reduce the amount of production waste to a minimum and thus reduce the cost of the finished product.
Facing with removal of defects at fixed standard sizes of finished products. In this case, all blanks are cut to the same length in accordance with the specification.

Taking into account the peculiarities of the technological process, it should be noted that the products obtained in this way are the most expensive, since a large amount of waste remains.

Conclusion

Now we have a general idea of how and with what equipment industrial wood processing is performed. Are there any questions that need clarification? In this case, we recommend watching the video in this article.

The tree has long been in great demand among humans. Houses were built from it, fortifications were erected. This substance is in great demand in our time not only for construction purposes, but also as a decorative material.

There is a huge amount of wood products, which are obtained mainly at sawmills. You can buy such products on the manufacturer's website skvagena.com.ua.

Getting Started

A band sawmill is a rather complex mechanism consisting of several parts:

the frame of the sawmill, on which all its constituent parts are located;
base for the tree in a horizontal position.

In order to start working with this type of sawmill, you first need:

1 Familiarize yourself with all the main parts of the mechanism and learn how they work.
Learn to change the saw and start the device.
Get the skills to adjust the location of the tape relative to the horizontal plane. This factor is very important, since the size of the product obtained in the future depends on it.

It is advisable to start work under the supervision of a person who has extensive experience in performing this procedure.

cutting process

After you have learned how to turn on, configure and change some components of the system, you can proceed to the cutting itself. It is very important to figure out how best to position the log and how it is attached.

To do this, consult a specialist and let him instruct you, where you will see all the nuances step by step. Before starting the saw, be sure to check the tension of the band, as well as the level of its sharpening.

The quality of the resulting board depends on these parameters. The first few times, make a cut under the supervision of a specialist who will tell you all the nuances, since there are a lot of them and it is difficult to remember them the first time.

When cutting, the saw should enter the tree smoothly and without much pressure, otherwise this may lead to its breakage. Carry out the cut carefully, without sudden movements.

Remember that the quality of the products depends on the sharpening and setting of the teeth of the tape, correct location it on the machine and the location of the log on the frame. When performing such work, it is imperative to follow all safety regulations so as not to injure yourself and other workers in the workshop.

Only serviceable products should be used for these purposes, and the sawing process at the very beginning should be controlled by a specialist who will teach you all the tricks. You can watch the process in this video:

Timber and boards are common materials used in the construction of houses. In the absence of funds for finished materials, you can make them yourself using a chainsaw. Before you cut a log into boards with your own hands, you should learn more about the features of this process.

Benefits of sawing logs with a chainsaw

Sawing into boards can be done with tools such as an electric chainsaw and accessories designed to make the job easier. When choosing certain products, it is necessary to focus on the amount of expected work. Stationary sawmills are expensive and are purchased only if you plan to organize a business to create boards.

The most accessible tool for the job is a chainsaw. Such devices have several advantages over electric ones:

the chainsaw can be used anywhere, regardless of the presence of the mains;
the tool is suitable for work in conditions of high humidity;
professional chainsaws are significantly superior to electric ones in terms of power;
You can use the chainsaw continuously for an hour.

For sawing logs into boards, a special frame is used together with a chainsaw, which is fixed on the device and allows you to create boards of the same thickness. You also need a device to secure the log in one position. In addition, you will need a guide.

Since household gasoline saws are not designed for heavy loads, it is worth using professional tools. When choosing, you should pay attention to devices with a capacity of more than 7 horsepower. Before work, the fixed frame is adjusted in accordance with the selected width of the boards. To create a frame, you can use the legs from a school desk or metal corners.

Types of working nozzles

The choice of nozzles for work depends on the volume and type of work being done. The following accessories are used with a chainsaw:

drum debarker, which is necessary for removing bark from logs;
lightweight nozzle for sawing logs;
standard nozzle used to create boards.

Related article: How to lay a cable underground

Longitudinal cutter

When using such a nozzle, sawing occurs in a horizontal direction. It is fixed on the tire with special clamps and allows you to create boards of equal thickness. After the work, the boards are dried, and after that they can be used in construction.

Lightweight nozzle

Such devices are often used, but they should only be used when creating boards for fences or sheds. This is due to the fact that the attachment of the nozzle on the tire occurs only on one side.

rounder

The nozzle for removing the bark from logs is used due to the clinomeric transmission. Attachment occurs with belts - special pulleys are used for this. It is worth noting that the performance of the nozzle can be changed, since the speed of rotation of the shaft depends on the size of the pulleys.

Features of sawing logs when using a chainsaw

Creating additional equipment for sawing logs is quite simple:

To create a support, a frame is used, which can be created from the legs of a school desk. The most suitable are pipes with a square section of 20 × 20 mm.
When constructing the frame, it is necessary to create 2 clamps, and fix the cross member at one end. This element must have holes for the tie bolts. A protrusion for the tire is created in the middle.
In order to cut a log along, it is necessary to construct a support frame, the width of which must be at least 8 cm longer than the length.
For the convenience of work, a handle must be welded on the frame.
Before carrying out work, it is necessary to carefully check whether the frame is securely fixed to the tire.

Using a homemade tool is quite simple. Before sawing, it is necessary to install 2 goats - they will be used as a support for the log. In addition, a metal rail or a flat board is being prepared, which will serve as a guide element.

Find out from which part of the trunk they are cutboards or timberit is possible according to the pattern of growth rings, looking at their end, as well as by the number of knots on the boards or bars. The butt part of the trunk is always thicker than the top part and, as a rule, does not have branches, that is, it contains better quality wood.

From the middle part of the whip, the so-called technological wood raw material is obtained - wood supplied to the mechanical (for chipboard production, fiberboard) or chemical (for example, for hydrolysis production) processing. The remaining butt part of the whip is sawn into two or three parts, which are fed to sawmills.

At sawmills, lumber is produced from logs by sawing them parallel to the longitudinal axis.

Among lumber, there are:

timber (width and thickness more than 100 mm)

segmented timber or quarters (obtained from a log sawn into four pieces)

bars (thickness up to 100 mm and width no more than double thickness)

Boards (thickness up to 100 mm, width more than double thickness)

obapol - side parts of the log

slats - thin boards and bars cut during longitudinal sawing

In addition to the listed basic lumber, there are also so-called semi-finished products, in particular, grooved and profiled boards, plinth and other molded products.

The thickness of the boards coming out of the saw frame is determined by the distance between the blades of the saw frame

1 - a beam is cut out of logs from heartwood;
2 - upon receipt of half beams, the log is sawn along the longitudinal axis;
3 - upon receipt of segmented bars, the log is sawn along the longitudinal axis crosswise;
4 - during group sawing (tossed), unedged boards are obtained in one pass of a log through a sawmill frame;
5 - with individual sawing with a bar, during the first pass through the frame, a two-edged beam, slabs and side boards are obtained;
6 - the most difficult is the radial sawing of a log, in which floorboards with vertically arranged growth rings;
7 - during the second pass, the two-edged timber is rotated by 90 ° and sawn into

Edged boards, separating side wane from it;
8 - for boards with horizontally arranged growth rings, the front side is called the side facing the core (core), and the back side is the side facing the sapwood (peripheral part of the trunk)

1. The outer layer of the bark, which protects the tree from cold and heat, and therefore from intense evaporation of moisture.
2. Through the inner layer of the bark (bast), the tree receives the necessary for its development nutrients. In the process of tree growth, the bast dies off, joining the outer layer of the bark.
3. Between the bast and the actual wood there is a cambium, which ensures the growth of the tree in thickness and the formation of growth rings.
4. Sapwood - external, a layer of active wood adjacent to the cambium and nourishing the tree with moisture. The older inner layers of sapwood are gradually receding towards the heartwood.
5. The internal dead layers of wood, no longer nourished by moisture, form the core (core), which, due to its strength, is the bearing and supporting core of the tree

For processing logs on a band sawmill, it is necessary to adhere to the accepted technology. In this way, you can get the maximum quality materials- boards and beams. But first you should familiarize yourself with the basic rules of cutting.

Types of sawing wood

At the first stage, a carriage is formed from a log. To do this, cuts are made on its two sides. In some cases, processing is performed on four sides. A map of the band cut of the workpiece is preliminarily drawn up, on which the dimensions of the components are indicated.

The determining parameter when choosing a scheme is the direction of processing the log. In particular, the movement of the cutting edge relative to annual rings. According to this, lumber of various qualities is formed, which has a unique appearance. Not only their aesthetic qualities depend on this, but also the price.

There are the following types of cuts:

tangential. The cut is made tangentially relative to the annual rings. As a result, oblong patterns in the form of arches, rings are formed on the surface;
radial. For its implementation, perpendicular processing along the annual rings is necessary. A feature is a uniform pattern;
transverse. Processing occurs across the fibers, the cut pattern is an even cut of annual rings;
rustic. It can be done at any angle, contains a certain amount of knots, sapwood or other similar defects.

Often in the woodworking industry, waste from band sawing of logs is used - slab. On the one hand, a flat plane, and the other remains unfinished.

For the most accurate cutting, it is recommended to use special programs. They take into account not only the dimensions source material but also the type of wood.

Sawing on a sawmill with a log rotation of 180 °

To form the maximum number of boards, it is recommended to use a technology in which some of the tape processing processes are rotated by 180°. This allows you to achieve the maximum amount of lumber with various types cuts.

The principle of processing is to make initial cuts along the edges of the log, which are at an angle of 90 ° relative to each other. They will serve as the basis for further tape cutting. Works are carried out on equipment with a vertical arrangement of cutting elements. The diameter of the trunk must be at least 26 centimeters.

Step by step workflow.

Processing of the side with the cut edge part. The result is two boards.
Turning the workpiece by 90°. The cut is made from the opposite side. The number of products varies from 3 to 4.
Repeated 90° turn. The main part of the source material is being processed. Depending on the planned ones, 7-8 blanks can be obtained.

Despite all their positive traits, this method has one significant drawback - the low production rate. It is recommended to use it on equipment that has a block for automatically changing the position of the log relative to the cutting part of the machine.

A detailed scheme is most often used for the manufacture of rustic boards, which are subject to reduced quality requirements.

Sawing on a sawmill with a log rotation of 90 °

For the manufacture of tangential and radial boards, it is recommended to use a different technique. It consists in systematic band processing of logs with simultaneous analysis of defects. Thus, products of the required quality can be obtained.

After delimbing, the workpiece is placed on the feed frame sawing machine. Then you need to do the following.

Removal of the primary slab. It is carried out until the width of the base is 110-115 mm.
Removing unedged boards with a thickness of about 28 mm.
If the number of defects on the surface exceeds the required level, the material is rotated by 90°. If the quality of the board is high enough, the next one is cut off.
Repetition of the operation.

A similar technique is applicable for processing installations that have one cutting surface or have the function of temporarily dismantling the rest.

With a sufficiently large number of defects, it is possible not to postpone the workpiece, but to perform its processing using the 180° turn method.

The above tape processing technique can be applied to create any configuration of wood products. Often, the core area is used to form a beam, and the remaining parts are used to make boards. But there may be exceptions - it all depends on the required shape of the blanks.

The quality of work is affected by the current state of the sawmill, the level of saw sharpening and processing speed. These factors must be taken into account before production process. If necessary, preventive maintenance or repair of equipment is carried out.

The video shows the method of sawing logs on a homemade band sawmill: