How to make an automatic gate: choose a drive. Do-it-yourself automation for swing gates: diagram and tips for making Do-it-yourself sliding gates control

The main convenience of automatic swing gates is that they can be closed or opened using a remote control. Every person today wants to make his life as comfortable as possible. That is why the owners of private houses or their own garages are increasingly finding automation, for you can mount it quite quickly, while obtaining an excellent result.

System features

It is worth figuring out how this whole system works. Gate automation is possible by means of a drive that is mounted directly on the gate. The gate automation kit is not difficult to assemble with your own hands. The installation process is not that simple. Here it is required to observe a clear sequence of actions in combination with accuracy and qualifications at each stage of work. There are several considerations when installing the drive. It is necessary to take into account the sash in relation to the height of the posts. If the installed automation does not imply the presence of limit switches, then it is required to install casement stops. If you miss such an important nuance, you can get a completely unexpected result. The electric motor will fail, and the functioning of the entire structure will hardly be called normal.

Equipment

A set of elements contains such a complex as automation for swing gates. It will be possible to mount it with your own hands only if all the components are available. For correct and quality installation gate is required to understand this and have minimal experience in solving such issues. The automation kit contains: 1 2 drives, 1 set of photocells, a small beacon and a remote control. The advantages of this type of mechanism include a long service life and exceptional durability. in operation, and the gate opens at a speed of up to 15 seconds. Among the shortcomings, one can single out such a moment as the presence of at least one obstacle on the path of the gate, because of which the drive may well fail, and this leads to jamming. There should be no obstacles in front of the opening. Only in this case can one expect that the do-it-yourself swing gate automation will function for a long time without failing. Carrying out preventive measures will eliminate equipment failures. All parts that require it must be periodically lubricated with special substances. If the automation fails, it is strictly forbidden to make physical efforts if necessary to open the gate, there is only one solution - to call the master.

Homemade drive

As it was already possible to understand, with a strong desire, do-it-yourself automation for swing gates is no longer such an unrealistic idea. It's pretty good way save your own money. If you have not only a practical interest in this business, but you are interested in the implementation of the idea itself, then this business is just for you. And it's a pretty fun process.

Required items

A satellite dish mechanism is used as the main element of such a drive. Its set of equipment includes a worm gear that replaces the electric drive. The heart of a satellite TV system consists of a pivoting mechanism. This is a motor that can be used to install automation. The worm gear works on a principle similar to the action of an electric drive. This option is more profitable in comparison with store drives, since its operation requires a voltage of 36 volts, and for store drives - the usual 220 volt mains drive. To assemble, you need to get two working drives from satellite dishes. It is worth choosing models with the longest stock. You will also need a remote control and a transformer, its power should be 36-40 watts. The remote control is used to open the structure and close it. It should work at a distance of about 50 meters. In addition, it would not hurt to stock up on two key chains sold in stores selling goods needed in the security sector.

6 hours will be enough to collect the drive. In order for the automation for the gates to work efficiently with their own hands, it is required to equip it with a current relay. If not, the motor may overheat and break. And with its help, you can easily make a gate operator with the most minimal investment. If you prefer a ready-made assembly, then you can save on installation.

Installation process

When installing an electric drive for swing gates, it is necessary to take into account the opening side of the gate leaves: outward or inward. So, if you are interested in how do-it-yourself gate automation is installed, then here you need to list necessary tools for these purposes. You will need: a drill, a hammer, pliers, a building meter, a screwdriver, electrical tape. In automatic gates, unlike conventional gates, there is an electric drive. Therefore, before installing it, you need to decide which option to choose.

Types of electric drives

Electric actuators can be linear or lever. To accurately determine the choice, you need to know the distance between the loop and the inside of the post. A linear actuator is required for distances up to 1.5 cm. Its cost is noticeably lower than that of the lever. If the measured distance is 1.5-3 cm, then it is appropriate to install a lever-type drive. It is as reliable as linear.

The gate assumes that it is required to install not only the drive, but also a set of equipment. It is important to determine the width of the sash, as well as possible wind vibrations. Many people are afraid to install all this equipment on their own, as they do not have the proper experience and knowledge. But here it is important to remember the need for attention to detail, then there will be no problems with the installation.

How it's done?

It is important to check that the movement of the leaves is easy when the drive is started. If something interferes with this, then it is required to find the cause and eliminate it, since the movement of the electric drive must be level. Otherwise, it is possible that the pole may tilt, the angle of movement will shift, and this has a bad effect on the automation of the entire structure. After eliminating various problems, you can proceed to the process of installing the automation. It is important to follow the instructions as closely as possible so that the operation of the system is as long as possible.

The usual scheme

Do-it-yourself automation for swing gates is installed on products that open inward, while it is appropriate to use any electric drive. When using steel pillars as a base, it is appropriate to install a linear actuator. It is compact and reliable, and its cost is relatively low. A linkage drive can also be used, but it is much more expensive. Difficult option when there are brick columns and the gate is right in the middle. In this case, a linear actuator is not suitable.

Lever-type automatics are mounted on a pole, while the gates are opened by levers, while they should be at a distance of no more than 200 mm from the posts.

The gate opens outward

In this case, two types of devices are available for use, however, the right choice would be automation for garage doors with a linear mechanism. This is a cheaper and better solution. The automation is mounted in the opening and takes no more than 150 mm on both sides. On narrow gates, the system is mounted at the top. The electric drive is usually mounted directly on a pole. Do-it-yourself swing gate automation is installed so that the hydraulic drive allows them to be opened outward. Further, the fastener bracket is welded to the structure. When opening a door with a linear drive, there must be 1 cm of free play. After that, you can check the correct movement of the leaves and the movement of the electric drives. The next step is to install stops for opening and closing, and then connect the motors. At the end, you need to equip jumpers, connect to the consoles, and also turn on the mechanism. If one leaf is to move in the other direction, then the wires on the motor must be swapped.

Final work

After that, do-it-yourself automation for swing gates must be equipped with limit switches. If you have not provided for the use of such elements, then it is required to set the operating time of the sash on the board, as well as the opening and closing force. Do not set the maximum force, as this will shorten the devices. It is recommended to set the minimum effort so that the gate opens outward normally.

Problems and errors

Quite often there are cases when people assemble everything with their own hands, but cannot cope with this task due to insufficient experience. This leads to a host of errors due to which the automation refuses to work, and the drive completely fails. Everything should be connected in stages, as this is what will correct any problems in case of mistakes. Otherwise, it will be very problematic to establish the cause of the breakdown. Correct and accurate installation, combined with the high quality of the electric drive, allows the doors to function as long and correctly as possible. Even if you use automation for sliding gates, you can quickly assess how convenient it has become for you to call in. This is especially noticeable in winter, when you do not want to leave the warm interior of your car to open the cold doors.

To protect the entrance area on the territory of various purposes, sliding gates can be used, which operate using special automation. In this case, there are also certain installation features. Sliding automatics are installed in stages. First you need to weld a steel cantilever pipe to their structure from below. During the operation of the entire structure, it moves along roller carriages installed on a specially organized foundation. Came well-proven gate automation. In the closed position, the bottom corner of the gate is rolled into the catcher by the end roller. During the opening of the web, this movement helps to prevent lateral vibrations of the device.

Sliding gate automation must be installed taking into account certain points:

The installation of such structures begins with the arrangement of an independent foundation, as well as the base located in the opening and on the side of it, in the direction of opening the entire structure;

The door mountings and their frame itself must be characterized by a high degree of resistance to wind;

The installation of a special holding part is required, by means of which it is possible to increase the width of the leaf structure in the direction into which the gate opens;

Should be provided effective protection from burglary, as well as a special type of protection against various adverse factors.

findings

Now you know how do-it-yourself swing gate automation is mounted. If you have a strong desire, you need to strictly follow the instructions in order to get the desired result. It is important to note that automation for sectional doors is installed in a similar manner. Therefore, you should not have any difficulties with the installation process.

Sliding gates are quite popular in use. However, their cost is quite high, so it is much cheaper to build the gate yourself. There are several schemes for organizing an automatic drive. We will learn more about how to make automatic sliding gates by hand.

Do-it-yourself sliding gate automation - features and characteristics

With the help of a mechanized electronic drive, it is possible to ensure the opening of a massive gate by pressing a button. To assemble it, you will need materials at hand, and installation work will take a maximum of a day. The main part for an automatic drive is an asynchronous motor. Consider two options for signaling - chain and roller.

Before manufacturing the drive, it is necessary to select a suitable motor. If there is a three-phase meter on the site, we recommend stopping at the three-phase version of the motor, the windings of which have a star connection. Thus, it is possible to get rid of a large number of problems during start-up, and the engine power will be used with maximum efficiency.

If there is no three-phase meter, use a single-phase capacitor motor. Please note that such devices have low performance, especially during start-up. The optimum drive power is between 1 and 2.5 kW. This value is determined by the total weight of the web. The engine speed should be at least 500-1000 rpm. The low torque eliminates the surface stress on the drive shaft.

The drive wheel should make no more than one hundred rotations per minute. This value is the output torque to the gearbox. The input torque value must be equal to the motor speed. This do-it-yourself wiring diagram for sliding gate automation involves the use of single-stage type gearboxes.

If these parts could not be found, then it is possible to replace them with less expensive options. However, the kinematic diagram must be securely connected. The main component of this mechanism will be the power motor from the old washing machine. When connecting this motor, define the ends on each winding. For these purposes, a multimeter is used that measures the resistance force, the starting type winding of this motor will have a large value.

To connect the gear shaft to the motor, a rigid or semi-rigid coupling is used. The first version has the form of a sleeve, on which there are holes of various sizes, as well as keyways. The second version of the coupling consists of two flanges, which are connected using rubber tabs.

The belt drive will help to replace the gearbox. At the same time, in order to correctly determine the gear ratio, the size of the large pulley installed on the drive wheel is divided into the size of the smaller one located on the shaft of the motor.

This option is distinguished by the complexity of the assembly of tripod elements, as well as in the connection between the parts of the kinematic diagram. Quite a lot of problems arise with the connection of belt tensioning mechanisms. For this, an automobile belt tensioner is added to the mechanism.

In addition, using a belt drive, special attention is paid to the mechanism with an independent shaft, on which two bearings are located. Particular attention is paid to centering the shaft as it has two transmissions.

Self-made automation for sliding gates with your own hands

We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the option of manufacturing the simplest method of automating sliding gates. This transmission is called rack or chain. A bicycle or motorcycle sprocket is fixed to the gear shaft. Next, you need to put on a special chain, the diameter of the links of which corresponds to the type of sprocket. It must be fixed in a horizontal position along the entire door leaf. By rotating the sprocket in one direction or another, the rotation of the chain is transmitted, which opens the gate.

Pay special attention to fixing the engine on the gear mechanism. Initially, it is necessary to create a frame on which the engine with the transmission mechanism will be located. For these purposes, we recommend using a 5 cm corner steel. Fix the frame firmly on concrete base... The duration of operation of the entire mechanism depends on this. When choosing a gearbox with a motor, first of all, be guided by the height of axial rotation. If there are different values \u200b\u200bbetween these two mechanisms, it is necessary to build a two-level base under the equipment.

Bolts with special nuts are used to fix the gearbox and motor. At the same time, the support under them should be distinguished by jealousy and rigidity. Under the base, you need to build oblong holes to correctly adjust the position of the motor.

In the next step, the chain is installed on the gate. Most often, it is fixed on a rail-type guide. However, this is a big mistake, as the mechanical transmission constantly gets dirty and quickly breaks down. An additional drive-type beam is mounted directly on the canvas, At the same time, the mounting height of the chain installation is 50-80 cm from the ground.

A chain with a gear-type rack is installed on the lower part of the beam; a rubber or plastic casing is used to protect it from extraneous factors and moisture. Electric welding is used to fix the end sections of the chain with the gate. Please note that all connections must be of high quality, therefore, in the absence of experience with a welding machine, it is better to entrust this process to a professional.

The chain transmission is characterized by a large number of difficulties that arise during its operation. First of all, the chain is stretched under the influence of the heavy gate. To eliminate this phenomenon, it is enough to install a hairpin on the last link of the chain, inside which the eyes are placed. With this tensioner, the target is gradually pulled up. Another option is to mount a special roller with a rigid spring on the chain. It is she who pulls up the chain during operation, preventing it from stretching.

Another unpleasant phenomenon is the chain slipping off the sprocket. In this case, it is better to replace the chain with a toothed rack; for these purposes, you need to contact a professional locksmith.

There are several types of automation for do-it-yourself sliding gates, which differ in the presence of pressure rollers in the drive system. It takes more time and effort to make such mechanisms. The advantage of this scheme is its dirt resistance, resistance to moisture, snow and ice.

This mechanism involves the installation of a roller on the outer wall of the rail parts. The roller has a protective cover made of rubber. The tire should have a straight tread profile to ensure reliable grip. Spring compression is used for additional force. The spring is mounted on a push pin and is connected to a nut mechanism. To fix the axial shafts, a P-shaped retainer is used.

In order to compensate for these forces, two counter-type rollers are mounted on the reverse side of the guide element, which are fixed in a stationary position.

In order to obtain suitable casters, you should contact the industrial trolley industry. Try to choose castors that have a steel base and sealed bearings. The maximum load on such a roller should be 350-600 kg, in relation to the weight of your gate. Pay particular attention to the pushrod springs. They must have a high clamping force. However, the bearing capacity of the spring must not exceed the bearing capacity.

Pay particular attention to the connection of the motor to the roller mechanism. For these purposes, a V-belt type transmission is used. A steel base is used to fix the driven pulley, as well as wheels with three studs. Also, take advantage of a few open gears. When choosing a place for fixing the roller, we recommend staying on the gear shaft or directly on the motor. Thus, the surface of the tensioning mechanism will interact not with the axial roller shaft, but with the base of the gearbox housing. Note that the radial pressure on the bearing must not exceed the clamping force of the spring mechanisms.

Do-it-yourself installation of automation on sliding gates

Please note that before installing the automation, you need to check simple sliding gates with your own hands without automation for defects in the process of opening them. Before the beginning installation works, you need to worry about leveling the gate strictly according to the level and about their correct installation.

In the process of standard equipment for automatic gate opening, there are most often:

• electric drive;
• the rack on which the teeth are located;
• some models are equipped with a remote control;
• safety elements;
• lamps - signal type.

In addition, in the process of work, you need to stock up on a welding machine, a drill and a set of drills for it, drives with which the lamp and safety elements are connected.

First, decide on the place of installation of the electric drive on the gate. After that, install the drive and set up the automatic elements. Place the rack, which has teeth on the surface of the drive, determine the mounting location of the drive so that the rack is in the center of the gear.

After that, the actuator is fixed in the previously determined place. For these purposes, a welding machine is used. If it is necessary to mount the drive slightly above a certain place, it is mounted on the surface of the previously welded shaped pipe... After mounting the channel, a bolted drive is installed on it.

The next step is to install a rack with teeth. First of all, open the gate, center the rail on which the gear is located. In order to fasten the limit switches, install the rail.

The rail is welded to the surface of the pipe, then it is pulled over the canvas. After mounting the rail, its operability is checked. All elements on which the automation is fixed are re-welded. A gap of one millimeter is left between the drive and the gear surface.

Next, limit switches are installed. Bolts are used to fix them on the surface of the rail. There are two types of switches - magnetic and mechanical. The first option is more efficient, since these switches operate even in adverse weather conditions. The magnet is installed on a rack with teeth, passing a certain section on the gate, starts to work, and the switches are divided into two types: positive and negative. These system elements are set at a distance of at least 100 cm from the gate. A conventional spring is used to operate mechanical switches.

The electric drive must be connected according to the manufacturer's instructions. A remote control is used for additional settings. In addition, photocells are additionally installed that capture light signals. Photocells must be fixed opposite each other. They can be installed on previously equipped poles. In order to connect the wires, make a hole in the pipe and route them from the power supply.

Next, you should install a signal type lamp, it will transmit information about nearby objects. This element is optional, but it significantly increases the safety level of the site.

For do-it-yourself sliding gate automation, the price is determined individually, in relation to the power of the main drive. This factor is determined by the size of the gate and its total weight. Do-it-yourself sliding gates without automation are quite difficult to use, since every time you need to use physical effort to open them.

Do-it-yourself sliding gate automation video:

They have long replaced wooden gates and have gained immense popularity among owners of individual houses. These doors save space and have attractive design... By equipping them with an electric drive, operation can be made more convenient. How to make an electric drive for sliding gates with your own hands, you should understand in more detail.

Drive design

Before you start manufacturing a drive, you should understand its design. The actuator for consists of the following parts:

• engine;
• gearbox (rotation converter);
• control unit.

These are the main mechanisms that set the canvas in motion, while the electric motor acts as a source of traction.

There are two options for transferring thrust:

• sprocket and chain;
• pressure roller.

If three-phase voltage is present, a star-wound motor is ideal to use the maximum motor power. In the absence of three-phase voltage, a single-phase motor can be used, but you should be prepared for the fact that the starting torque will have disadvantages due to low power.

When choosing an engine, the following parameters must be considered:

1. Sash size. The more massive the canvas, the more powerful the engine must be installed.
2. The intensity of use of the structure. The home gate is only used a few times a day. Even the smallest motor will be able to provide movement with the intensity of their operation 5-6 times per hour.
3. Reducer gear material. You should pay attention to this indicator, since when using a high-power engine, plastic gears-reducers will quickly fail.
4. Rotation frequency 500-1000 rpm.

Three-phase electric motors A100L8 or single-phase AIRE 80 brands are perfect for installation.

Choosing a converter for a homemade drive sliding gate, you should focus on important points:

1. The output torque should be around 80-100 rpm.
2. The motor speed must match the inverter input torque.

Converters with polymer gears will fail faster than with steel gears, so when choosing, you need to pay special attention to these details.

Making the main units yourself

With knowledge of kinematic diagrams, tools that are always at hand can be used to manufacture drive parts. With the role of the power unit, the engine will perfectly cope with the deteriorated washing machine. During the connection, use a multimeter to determine the ends of both pairs of windings, for this set the resistance measurement mode on the multimeter. Fasten the motor and converter shaft with a coupling.

Instead of a gearbox, you can make a belt drive. To accurately calculate the gear ratio, it is necessary to divide the value of the two radii of the larger pulley, which is connected to the drive wheel, by the diameter of the smaller one, which is located on the motor shaft.

However, this option is fraught with the problem of making a tensioning structure for the belt. The issue can be solved by using a car timing belt tensioner wheel. In addition, in this case it is necessary to pay special attention to the design of an independent shaft equipped with radial-axial bearings in the amount of two pieces. The shaft needs to be fine-tuned as it is the basis for the installation of the main transmission parts: the belt pulley and the drive wheel.

Installation of rack and pinion drive

This is one of the most popular options for supplying power from the motor to the gate using a chain. Weld a sprocket onto the converter shaft, which is used on rotating elements of bicycles and motorcycles. A chain tape with an identical pitch of the links as in the sprocket should be pulled along the lower perimeter of the canvas and fixed at its ends. When the gear makes rotational movements in different directions, the thrust is transmitted to the chain belt, which, in turn, tightens the blade frame.

To install the frame, where the traction transmission system and the engine will be located, it is better to use angular steel, while the width of the shelf should be about 5 centimeters. The motor and inverter are bolted to a metal support. Longitudinal holes must be provided in the base to be able to correctly adjust the position.

To attach the chain strap to the gate, it is recommended to attach an additional drive beam to the door leaf. In this case, a height of approximately 600-1000 mm from the road surface should be observed. To the bottom of the beam, screw a chain tape or a rack with teeth, protected by a lateral rubber or plastic cover, using self-tapping screws. The edges of the chain belt are attached to the web by welding.

Important! The chain has the property of stretching, especially under heavy loads, which will negatively affect the operation of the mechanism. This drawback can be easily eliminated by welding the studs to the last link of the chain belt and passing them through the brackets installed on the canvas frame.

Stretching problems can be avoided by using a toothed metal bar instead of a chain belt. However, making it with your own hands is very problematic, so it is better to contact a locksmith's workshop equipped with special equipment for such work.

Drive roller transmission

There is another type of electric drive, in which the pressure roller performs the main task. The mechanism of such a plan is more difficult to mount on your own, at the same time it is convenient in that it is not required to place additional accessories on the gate. In addition, such a mechanism is not subject to pollution and the formation of ice deposits.

The working principle of the pressure roller consists of several points:

1. TO outer wall a roller, protected by a rubber tire, is pressed against the rail.
2. The force is provided by the compression force of the spring, which is installed on the pusher stud
3. The shaft axes are fixed to the shelves of the U-shaped bracket.

To compensate for the pressure created by the rotating wheel on the door leaf, two identical wheels are attached to the opposite side of the rail.

Tips for selecting parts for constructing the pinch roller:

1. Wheels should be chosen only those where the base is metal, the bearings are covered with a casing.
2. The load pressure level should be 300-360 kg.
3. The pusher springs must have a force of at least 3.5-4 kN, while it is important that it does not exceed the bearing capacity of the wheels.

Options for transferring torque to the roller:

1. The V-belt transmission provides for the fastening of the pulley to the wheel base using 3 M12 studs and makes it possible to use a pair of open gears if they can be securely fastened.
2. The rotating wheel can be mounted on the shaft of the converter or motor by first removing the bearings from the wheel base. In this case, it is unacceptable for the tensioning mechanism to act on the axial shaft of the wheel, since this will immediately lead to breakage. The force of impact should be directed to the base of the transducer housing, which is freely mounted in the slots of the bed.

In addition, the load on the front bearing of the transmission must be taken into account, which must be less than the contact force of the springs.

For the manufacture of automatic gates, you will need certain skills in working with technology; you do not need to believe those who convince you otherwise. This has been repeatedly proven by craftsmen.

The types of automatic gates, as well as how to make automation for them, will be discussed in this article.

The popularity of such gates has influenced the increase in supply, and numerous modern models can be roughly divided into three large groups:

• swing structures;
• recoil;
• garage.

Considering the pros and cons of each group, it can be concluded that the best option are exactly swing gates.

The main advantages swing structure are simplicity and ease of operation, moreover, when opening it does not take much free space... It is these positive qualities that determine the popularity of such gates.

Important! The average operating time of swing gates is approximately 50 thousand open / close cycles.

What is required in the work

Here is a list of all the components that will be required for installation:

Manufacturing instruction

Gate manufacturing should start with the choice of material.

Stage 1. Material selection

In this case, everything depends solely on the preferences and financial capabilities of the site owner. For the door leaf you can use:

• professional flooring;
• polycarbonate;
• iron picket fence;
• steel sheet;
• wood;
• forging.

Stage 2. Size

After choosing the material, you need to decide on the dimensions of the structure. It is on the size that the weight of the gate and the distance required to move the leaves depend.

Important! It is desirable that this distance be 1.5 times the opening itself.

Stage 3. Support pillars

One of the following materials can be used to make the support pillars:

When installing, the pillars must go into the ground at least a meter, otherwise in winter they will shift along the vertical axis, as a result of which the entire structure is deformed.

When installing the support, you must:

Stage 4. Foundation

The foundation is the base of the gate that performs two functions at once. Firstly, it will withstand the weight of the structure, moreover, considerable. Secondly, a channel for the movement of the rollers is installed in it.

Outward swing gates - scheme of embedded elements

Below is the technology for laying the foundation.

Step 1. A U-shaped trench with a size of 45x100 cm and a depth of 115-120 cm is pulled out, after which a crushed stone "pillow" of the same thickness is filled up.

Step 2. A channel is made for the movement of the rollers (or "banquet", as it is also called). To do this, you will need steel reinforcement ø12 cm and the channel itself 20 cm wide. Meter “swords” are cut from the reinforcement and welded to the shelves of the channel.

Step 3. "Bench" is installed and poured with concrete.

Important!

1. At the end of pouring, the concrete must be allowed to stand for at least a week.

2. During this time, it must be watered daily to avoid cracking.

3. The upper part of the "bench" is installed flush with the road.

Stage 5. Support frame

It is better to use a profiled steel pipe for the manufacture of the supporting frame. The manufacturing procedure takes place in several stages.

Step 1. The profile is cut into pieces of the required length.

Step 2. Pipes are cleaned of rust.

Step 3. The surface of the profile is treated with a solvent, after which an anti-corrosion primer is applied.

Step 4. The frame is welded.

Step 5. Welding seams are cleaned, after which the entire structure is primed again.

Here are some helpful tips.

1. A 3x4 cm pipe can be used as stiffeners.
2. The outer contour is made of a 4x6 cm profiled pipe.
3. All components of the frame and guide should only be assembled in a staggered manner. Otherwise, when the temperature rises, the gate will necessarily "lead".

Stage 6. Sewing, painting

The paint is applied after the primer is completely dry. It is recommended to use alkyd enamel, moreover, to apply it in at least two layers - so the gate will look "rich". Pause between applying the first and second coats to allow the paint to dry.

Important! Sewing material is selected based on the wishes and financial capabilities.

The material is fixed on the stiffeners with rivets or self-tapping screws.

Step 7. Installation

A structure is being assembled, catchers are welded to the support posts, automation is installed (we will talk about its manufacture a little later). Then the gate is tested.

Important! This design will cost several times cheaper than the factory model. You can save even more by making an automatic drive yourself.

To manufacture the drive, you will need two carriages from a bicycle with driving sprockets.

Step 1. Cut the bike frame so that the vertical tube extending from the axle protrudes 2-3 cm above the sprocket.

Step 2. On the one hand, you only need to remove the pedal, while on the other, the connecting rod is additionally removed.

You will need two such sprockets, the main thing is that they are the same size and with the same tooth pitch (one chain will be used for the drive).

Step 3. The carriages are welded to the top of the frame. It is important that the stars located in the corners are opposite each other. The connecting rods are parallel to the frame and the connecting rods to the gate are matched to the dimensions of the sprockets. When the latter rotate, the bar connecting the gate leaf with the connecting rod will make the canvas move.

Important! The exact length of the bar is difficult to determine, because there are many models of bicycles. Let's just note that a product with a diameter of M-8 will be quite enough. The bar itself is made of steel strip.

Step 4. The chain is put on the sprockets. This must be done crosswise so that they rotate in opposite directions. To make such a chain, you will need several bicycle chains at once - they are connected to each other.

The chain needs to be well tensioned, but even then it will sag and therefore jump off. To avoid this, a couple of metal strips are welded to the frame, which will support the chain and at the same time serve as guides. There is another option - to fix the wide rollers so that the chain moves along them.

Important! The chain must be put on when the gate is closed. Next, a design check is carried out - one sash is pushed out, while the second should move symmetrically to the first. If the flaps overlap, then you need to move the chain one tooth.

Installing an electric motor

So, to open the gate, you either need to push one leaf or pull the chain towards you. In the future, you can automate the design - for example, install an electric motor and connect it to gearboxes from car wipers. The advantage of this option is that even an old battery is quite applicable as an energy source, thanks to which the automation will not depend on electricity. But there is one drawback: the flaps may open too slowly due to the low power of the battery.

Video - DIY automatic gates

In addition, you can use a motor from a washing machine. The average power of such motors is 110-115 W, the rotation speed is 1500 rpm. The reducer in this case will be screw jack for passenger car... The jack needs to be slightly modernized - install a pulley from the same washer behind the bevel gear. So the jack will turn into a linear gearbox (or an actuator, as it is also called).

Video - Automatic swing gates. Installation

The jack is welded parallel to the chain in such a way that when moving its slider pulls the chain behind it. To connect the latter to each other, you can use ordinary steel wire.

Important! When the electricity goes out, you will have to unwind the wire every time to open the gate.

A regular belt from a washing machine is used to connect the motor to the pulley. The engine speed will decrease by about 1: 4, so it is advisable to make the pulley yourself, moreover, the minimum diameter.

The gate is now ready for use. For a more detailed acquaintance with automation, you can watch a thematic video.

Video - Homemade swing gates

It is not easy to build an automatic gate yourself. Certain skills and knowledge will be required. However, if you take a responsible approach to doing the work with your own hands, then the task is doable.

Automatic gate device

These gates are in increasing demand every day. The designs can be divided into 3 main groups:

• sliding automatic structures;
• swing structure with automation;
• automatic structures for garages.

Each of the gate types has its own characteristics.

Sliding automatic structures are gates familiar to many, which are used quite often.

Swing gates require free space in the side

It's all about cheapness and simple device... The disadvantage is the need for free opening space in the side parts.

The frame is most often made of a rigid metal profile. Further, the structure will need to be sheathed. The cladding can be made of wood or metal. Another option is to use forged carved lattices for door trim.

The design consists of the following elements:

• gate leaves;
• fixing supports;
• a set of loops;
• bolt;
• one or more drives;
• handles for opening;
• elements for a side stop;
• center stop;
• brackets for fixing the electric drive to the supports and sashes.

Side and center stops are mandatory design details. These are limiters that will not allow the shutters to go beyond certain limits. Stops can be stationary or removable.

Handles and bolts are also required design details.

Elements are needed in case of power failure

If there is a problem with electricity, the gate can only be locked and unlocked manually. The electric drive comes in a set with these parts. It is undesirable to purchase separately, as the elements may be incompatible with each other.

According to the device, automation can be divided into:

• an actuator that performs the operations of opening and closing the leaves with securing the required position;
• automation, which controls the operation of the main parts of the drive mechanism.

All moving parts must move freely along the guides. The owner must periodically monitor them. It is important to regularly clean and lubricate the moving parts. If the leaves are difficult to move, then the load on the drive and the electric motor may increase. In this case, malfunctions of mechanisms may occur.

The design of the sliding

The drive consists of the following elements:

Each type of gate requires an individual drive, which can provide a certain type of movement of the device at the required distances.

Swing design

By the principle of functioning, they are divided into:

1. Lever. Consist of a set of blocks with levers.

   Lever gate drive

2. Linear. Fixed at one point. The moving bracket moves in a straight line inside the chassis. The most common use is turning a screw over a nut, transmission with a chain or belts.

   Linear drive of automatic gates

3. Hydraulic. They are used for heavy structures with a sash weight of 950 kg or more. The required sash width is from 4.5 m. The elements will be subjected to intensive use.

   A hydraulic drive is required for structures that are subject to heavy loads

4. Telescopic. Elements are divided into sections. The design consists of internal sliders that allow the sections to move apart to move the end holder.

   Telescopic automatic gate drive

The drive must be rigidly fixed to the base. Distortions and cracks are not allowed during the operation of mechanisms, therefore, the deepening of the base under the gate and automatic devices should be greater than the level of freezing of the earth in winter period... Only then can the quality of the gate function be guaranteed.

In order for the automatic control of the shutters to function reliably, all devices must be debugged and checked manually. These works are being carried out at the final stage construction works... Automatic mechanisms can work:

1. Remotely. Based on the transmission of commands via radio waves from the console to the receiving device, which controls the operation of the electric motor and other parts.
2. From a stationary remote control, which is located on the wall of a private house.
3. From a combination of the first two options.

Remote control is based on the same principles as for a permanently mounted remote control with ordinary on and off buttons for a simple electric motor. The difference is that in this case it is possible to solve auxiliary technical problems.

The principle of operation of automation

First of all, the method of operation of the automation from the console will be considered. In this case, a slight addition to the previous scheme is used. It consists in connecting an electronic key in parallel with the control keys. It works from the signals of the receiving device, which receives commands via radio waves from the transmitter in the form of a remote control. Devices are presented in a wide range and can have different functionality and appearance, however, the principle of operation remains unchanged.

The placement of control sensors and lift mechanism components will depend on the gate design and local conditions. For example, the automation of sliding gates can be realized according to the following scheme:

You can implement automation in swing gates according to this scheme

Photocells will control the quality of the work surface. To do this, they will need to be mounted on the posts fixing the racks, walls and supports. After that, they need to be configured so that they can clearly cover the entry zones, control the flaps reaching extreme positions and exclude them from hitting people, cars or animals that may suddenly appear.

The drive for each of the leaves must be installed on supporting parts.

The drive must be placed on the inside of the yard

The key for disabling the structure is located on the inside of the wall near the gate.

A warning lamp is needed to illuminate the roadway.

A signal lamp is needed to signal the opening of the gate

The device for receiving signals from the transmitter, which is located in the control unit, together with a separate drive, is fixed to the rack support. A closed terminal box with wires should be located near it, which connect the system components to the locking panel and the protective cover.

Electrical wiring must be hidden in special channels and protected from unforeseen damage. The command transmitter, which is built into the remote control, can be controlled by pressing the keys on the body.

You can control the gate using the remote control

As a result, the transmitter will broadcast encrypted radio signals of the set frequency through the antenna, which can only be perceived by the receiving device inserted into the main control unit.

After processing, the received commands are sent to the key and executed. The circuit will then work in the same way as in the case of a stationary control unit.

For the convenience of working with the remote control, it is recommended to pre-configure the device for various algorithms. For example, you can open or close the gate leaves by single or double pressing the control button. To do this, the receiving device and the transmitter will need to be turned on and programmed according to a certain algorithm for pressing buttons on the configured mechanism. The electronics will remember this sequence of actions and will follow it in the future.

The system can be integrated with the ability to disable the automatic mechanism so that the gate is operated only manually. A manual lock and a lock key should be used to complete the task. Parts should be placed in a place convenient for operation, but inaccessible to unauthorized persons.

If it is planned to manufacture automatic sliding gates, then the locations of the drive and devices for automation are somewhat different, but the principle of operation remains unchanged. You just need to take into account the conditions of the construction, the region and the requests of the owner of a private house. For the sliding sash, you only need to place 2 safety photocells. The stopping of the drive can be provided by mechanical end devices for switching off.

All automation schemes provide for a system of repetition of specified processes. It allows redundant protection functions. For example, if the limit switch fails to suspend the leaves, the motor overload protection must trip. As a result, the drive will stop working. This prevents damage to the entire system.

Preparation for construction: drawings and diagrams

Installation of automatic gates should begin with drawing up a drawing. Using a pencil on a sheet of paper, you should draw the gate scheme, taking into account the dimensions. It is desirable to indicate the main dimensions of the parts on the diagram.

The dimensions of the automatic structure must be specified as accurately as possible. In the calculation process, the following requirements should be observed:

• when the vehicle enters the garage, at least 30 cm must remain on each side;
• the higher this indicator, the easier it will be to enter the territory of the site;
• width should be determined taking into account the type of vehicle.

For an ordinary passenger car, a width of 2.5 m and a height of 2 m are enough.For a minibus, the height should be about 2.5 m.

The automatic one differs from the standard swing design only in the presence of a drive. At this stage, you should decide on the type of device - a lever or linear one will be installed. If you plan to install sliding gates, then most often a drive with levers is used. Linear is installed if there is a minimum distance from the extreme part of the support to the hinge. If there is a gap of more than 15 cm, then it is advisable to use a lever device.

Automation installation diagram indicating the number of cable cores and their cross-sections

The sliding gate will be influenced by the wind load, so it is important to take care of the protection of the devices in advance.

If you plan to install automatic garage doors, then the ceiling level must be reduced by 25 cm. This should be taken into account, since the installation will require space under the ceiling structure.

The scheme of a sliding automatic design is practically no different.

Layout of elements of automatic sliding gates

In this case, only one electric motor will be needed.

Having decided to install the automation, the owner of a private house assumes that it will serve for decades. A high-quality set can function for many decades, but low-quality components can become an unnecessary "headache". To do right choice, you should consider the following recommendations:

Manufacturer's choice

Today, in construction supermarkets, you can find automation from Chinese and European factories. Chinese devices aim to significantly reduce cost at the expense of quality, but there are exceptions. Well-known Chinese companies offer quality products for automation of different types of doors.

Of the European manufacturers, Italian and German fittings should be preferred, but the latter is more expensive. Regardless of which manufacturer is chosen, you should not buy cheap parts that no one has heard of. Automatic mechanisms are purchased for a long time, so you should not save on it.

Choosing a gate operator

The best option can be recommended by a specialist in the installation of automation, however, you need to understand this issue yourself. As mentioned earlier, the drive can be worm or lever. The choice must first of all be made based on preferences for appearance products. You should also take into account in which direction the structure will open - into the courtyard or the roadway.

The worm drive is easy to install, easy to maintain and has a long service life. This view mechanism can be installed on gates that open both inside the building and out. If the structure opens outwards, then there are restrictions: the door opening will decrease by about 30 cm. This is due to the peculiarities of the installation. If there is no free space, then such a drive is not suitable.

With the help of a drive with levers, gates that open inside the territory are automated.

The lever drive can only open the door inward

The lever mechanism is more advanced in terms of manufacturability. The disadvantage is the high cost.

Accordingly, if the gate will open inside the territory, then you can choose any type of drive. If outside, then only the use of a worm gear is allowed.

Selecting drive power

In the process of choosing automatic mechanisms, the weight of the sashes must be taken into account. IN technical documentation indicates the weight of the device. It is recommended to mount an electric actuator that is designed for a higher weight. The recommended power reserve is 30%. If the device is operated at the power limit, the drive will overheat. This will entail the failure of the mechanism earlier than the period stated by the manufacturer.

Also consider the wind load. If the door consists of a single piece, then the drive will have to overcome the effect of the wind. Accordingly, a more powerful design will be needed.

Another problem is climate change during cold weather. In summer, the structure can easily open a gate weighing 250 kg, but in winter, difficulties may arise, since the drive will function in labor-intensive conditions. It is imperative to take into account that in some regions during this period the power supply voltage drops. In this case, drives without power reserves may not start.

Availability of additional functions

Manufacturers produce a wide range of accessories. Be sure to purchase photocells that help stop the gate closing process if obstacles appear in the coverage area:

It is also recommended to purchase an antenna that can increase the range of the remote control. Signal lamps can warn others about the opening of the gate. Such a function will be needed if the exit goes onto the sidewalk on which people walk.

The choice of additional options depends on the operating conditions of the door.

It is also important to take into account the technical parameters that are used to classify automatic mechanisms:

1. Torque (Nm) is the basic parameter of automation for a lever swing structure. This characteristic is not used for worm gear automation. The torque can indicate how much weight the structure can open the drive with. The higher the indicator, the more the weight of the doors can be opened by the automatic mechanism. For doors weighing up to 800 kg, the optimum torque is 3000 Nm.
2. Intensity (%) - a parameter that shows the maximum intensity of use of the electric motor. Intensity is the ratio of the period of operation of the device to the total time. For example, if the parameter is 30%, then the structure can work 30% of the time, while the break in work will be 70% of the time. Usually this value is sufficient for standard gate parameters.
3. Pulling force (N) - the parameter will show with what force the mechanism presses on the flaps. The larger the characteristic, the more powerful the drive. Optimal value for gates 6 m - 400 N.

The parameter of the maximum sash weight should not be taken into account. The selection must be made based on tractive effort and torque.

Material calculation and tool list

The minimum set of automation includes the following elements:

• rack;
• limit switches;
• electric drive.

• photocells;
• warning lamp;
• remote antenna.

The laying of a cable with a voltage of 220 V in the territory of a private house underground can be performed without additional protection of the wire from damage. Additional cable protection must be used under the vehicle's passage. At this point, the wire should be routed in the case. The structure can be built from metal or plastic pipe... The depth of the wire is 0.8–1.2 m.

Cable laying underground is best done in technical HDPE pipes

Such pipes are 2 times lower than standard ones, since they will not be able to withstand the same pressure that ordinary water pipes can withstand. For laying the electrical cable, 3 mm pipes will be enough.

To bend pipes at an angle, fittings, transitions and flanges are required.

Underground cable routing and pipe fittings

It is important to know the typology of wires and their minimum cross-section:

The antenna is connected using RG58 coaxial wire with a characteristic impedance of 50 Ohm.

If you plan to install an additional intercom near the gate, then from a private house to the structure you need to lay 2 two-core wires 2x0.5 mm² or 2x0.75 mm².

Materials for sliding gates

For the installation of an automatic sliding structure, you must also prepare the following elements:

• bike carriages;

  Bicycle carriages can be used in automatic gates

• dampers;
• upper supporting rollers;

  Upper gate rollers

• guide bar;
• knurled rollers;

  Knurled roller for gates

• several catchers;

  Gate catcher

• jack;
• covering material (profiled or iron sheets, polycarbonate or wood);
• channel;
• brick.

You also need to prepare an unused washing machine, some elements will be needed for automation.

Materials for sliding gates

For automatic gates of this type, you need to prepare the following elements:

• reinforced hinges with bearings;
• handles;
• center and side stops;
• gate valve;
• washing machine;
• covering material;
• shaped pipes;
• carriages from a bicycle.

Unlike a retractable design, in this case, you will need 2 electric motors.

For the construction of a sliding or sliding gate drive, you will need to prepare several carriages with asterisks.

Gear motors can be used as motion activators different types... If you plan to install small doors with a low weight, then an electric screwdriver motor on a battery, a drive for a car glass cleaner or a window regulator will do.

You will also need to resolve the issue with the clutch for the shafts of electric motors. To do this, determine the required torque. For example, the closing force of the flaps can be 13.5 kg. Each kg corresponds to 9.8 N. Accordingly, the traction force is 132.3 N. This value must be divided by the diameter of the drive wheel.

You will need the following tools:

• electric drill;
• insulating tape;
• pliers;
• meter;
• hammer;
• soldering iron;
• screwdriver.

A step-by-step guide to making gate automation

There are many options for making a drive with your own hands from various materials.

How to build a sliding gate drive?

You can make a drive from two carriages. You will need to perform the following actions:

1. The frame must be cut so that the vertical pipe that comes from the axis protrudes several cm above the star.
2. On the one hand, you need to dismantle the pedal, and on the other, remove the pedal and connecting rod.
3. There should be 2 sprockets. Their dimensions and pitch of teeth should be the same, since the drive will use a single chain.
4. The carriages must be welded to the top of the frame. The stars that are placed at the corners must be parallel to each other.
5. The connecting rods should be positioned a short distance from the frame.
6. The rods that connect the connecting rods to the gate are recommended to be selected in accordance with the dimensions of the stars.
7. When the sprockets move, the bar that connects the flaps to the connecting rods will move the blade.
8. It is problematic to choose the exact length of the rod, since there is different models bicycles. A design with a diameter of M-8 is suitable. The bar can be made from a metal strip.
9. The chain must be crosswise put on the stars. As a result, they should scroll in different directions. The design is made from several bike chains. They will need to be fastened to each other.
10. It is important to tighten the chain well. However, this will not solve the problem with the fact that it may sag or come off. This can only be remedied by welding a few steel strips to the frame to support the chain. The details will also be used as guides. Another option is to fix the wide rollers on which the chain will move.

Self-made operator for the gate from the bicycle frame assembly

The chain is mounted exclusively on a closed gate. After that, a design check should be performed. To do this, push out one flap. The second will have to move symmetrically to the first. If an overlap occurs, then the chain should be moved one tooth.

How to make a sliding gate operator?

A light sash can be set in motion by a drive from a modernized window regulator mechanism. The advantages of the method include ease of manufacture and operation with virtually no noise. The following power windows can be used as a drive:

• a drive that operates with a gear wheel;
• a design in which a bar with teeth is used as a movable element.

In each case, the drive unit must be installed on an iron platform that is securely attached to the post. The metal bar should move parallel to the base of the gate and extend towards them.

The window regulator mechanism needs to be modified:

Automation issue for sliding and sliding gates

The next step is the installation of the sliding gate motor.

After making the drive, you will need to install the gate automation

To open the gate, you need to push one leaf or pull the chain towards you. To automate the design, you can install an electric motor and connect it to the gearboxes from the car wipers.

The electric motor will need to be connected to the gearboxes of the car wipers

An old battery can be used as an energy source. Due to this device, the automation will not depend on electricity. The disadvantage of the old battery is that it will open the sash slowly.

Another option is to use an electric motor from a washing machine. The average power of the device is 105-115 W, the scrolling speed is 1500 rpm. A screw jack for light vehicles can be used as a reducer. The jack will need to be improved. To do this, a pulley from a washing machine must be installed behind the bevel gear. In this way, you can turn the jack into a linear gearbox.

The jack must be welded parallel to the chain so that during movement the slider pulls the chain. Iron wire is used to fasten the parts together.

It is important to know: if the electricity is turned off, you will have to unwind the wire every time to open the gate.

To connect the electric motor to the pulley, a washing machine belt will be needed. The engine speed will be reduced by approximately 1: 4, so the pulley diameter should be kept to a minimum.

To control the gate remotely, you will need to buy a single-channel 12 V car alarm and connect it.

Connect the radio control with car alarm it is possible according to this scheme

Sliding gate automation consists of the same elements. The only difference is that the electric motor will need 2. They are located in the side parts of the gate. You will also need to install levers. You can make them from a shaped pipe.

How to set up automation?

Each mechanism has its own characteristics. In order for the structure to serve for a long time, it will be necessary to correctly program the control apparatus. Different manufacturers have different parameters, but most often the following parameters are configured:

1. Current sensitivity. The parameter is responsible for starting the protective device. If an obstacle appears, the gate stops.
2. Change in speed. The speed of movement of the flaps can be changed by decreasing or increasing the power of the electric motor. It is not recommended to set a fast pace, as this can lead to equipment failure. To increase the speed, you can raise the voltage to 38 V.
3. Automatic closing. To implement this function, the design must include a timer. The part is best purchased ready-made.

Other functions can be realized by adding appropriate parts to the construction diagram.

In order for this gate to serve for a long time, you need to adhere to the following tips for use:

1. Mechanisms need to be serviced from time to time. The process consists in lubricating the moving parts. Use only anti-freeze grease.
2. Periodically inspect the guides and clean them of debris. If ice forms, the web can jam.
3. Automation mechanisms are also subject to verification. Parts should be checked at least once a year. If any of the elements is out of order, it is recommended to entrust the repair to specialists.
4. You need to follow the canvas. It has an anti-corrosion coating, but it is often damaged. It is recommended to promptly clean the gate from dirt with water and soap solution. If any of the sections is bent or scratched, then it should be treated with special anti-corrosion agents or replaced.

It often happens that some of the parts made by hand are easier and cheaper to replace with others.

Video: do it yourself automatic gates

You need to start installing the automation after adjusting the hinges and the position of the gate.

You can make an automatic gate with your own hands, but at least minimal knowledge of connecting electrical appliances is required.