The best projects of houses. Topics on the forum

Many people sometimes think about building an autonomous house. I want to live away from other people, in nature, to listen to the birds singing and the buzzing of insects, and not the noise of city streets. For people living in remote rural areas where communications are not yet laid down, a self-contained home may simply be a necessity. But it’s really expensive and not easy to build such a house, especially in the cold climate of Russia. However, it is still possible to make an autonomous house with a competent approach, using currently available technologies and taking into account Russian realities. So, what is a self-contained house?

autonomous house- this is a house that does not depend on infrastructure, external electrical and gas networks, water supply and sewerage systems, etc. The undoubted advantages of an autonomous house are a reduction in maintenance costs and a decrease in the degree of environmental impact, which corresponds to.

Minimum power consumption

First of all, in order to build an autonomous house, it is necessary to minimize energy consumption.

Electricity consumption can be reduced by:

• use of devices with energy efficiency class A+, A++;
• (although you need to know what LED lighting has);
• use ;
• heating systems with A+ pumps;
• septic tank with ultra-low consumption of electricity and / or;
• ventilation systems with heat recovery.

The concept of passive was proposed in Germany as early as 1988. In accordance with it, an indicator of the energy efficiency of a house is the loss of thermal energy in kilowatt-hours per square meter per year (kWh / m²). According to the standard, a house is considered passive if its heat loss is below 40 kWh/m² per year, in European countries this figure is limited to 15 kWh/m² per year. On average, the heat loss of a conventional brick house are 250-350 kWh/m² per year. A passive house must be very well insulated. Effective thermal insulation of walls, floors, ceilings, attic, basement and foundation should be provided. The walls should not "breathe", forced ventilation should work to create a good atmosphere in the house. The ventilation system in the passive house should be provided with recuperation, however, in Russian conditions, this system often requires too much energy due to moisture condensation. Therefore, it is necessary to choose energy-efficient equipment for these purposes.

In accordance with the principles of the passive house, the windows should face south and are made very large. The requirement for large windows is not very suitable for Russian climatic conditions. In winter, more heat is lost through large windows in colder climates than is gained. When designing a house, a balance must be found between maximizing daylight and minimizing heat loss through the glass. I also already wrote about houses with large windows. You can, of course, use thermal shutters, but their operation requires additional energy costs.

Thus, it is not rational to use all the principles of a passive house when building an autonomous house in Russia.

In our conditions, it is reasonable to build a house

• with superheated hermetic circuit;
• a minimum of northern windows, which are better to use the usual size, but high quality,;
• in the northern part of the house it is rational to locate technical rooms;
• the ventilation system must provide for heat recovery.

Heating and hot water

Usually, energy in a house is needed for space heating and cooling, hot water supply, cooking and food cooling (stove and refrigerator), lighting, laundry and various other household purposes. In the case when all the energy in the house is obtained from electricity, in moderate or cold climatic conditions more than 60% of energy is used only for space heating and hot water supply.

Heating sources

There is not so little sun in Russia. As a source of heat to provide home supply hot water and heating, it is quite possible to use water thermal collectors, I wrote about them in. You can store heat in a seasonal heat storage tank of large volume.

You can use normal wood stoves(since trees can be grown on your site, this will provide autonomy).

Heat pumps can be used, but they still require electricity to operate.

Heating type

Electric heating is irrational to use, as it leads to a large consumption of electricity. It is best to use a heat transfer fluid, water with alcohol, for example. It is safe, no toxic substances are released, as is the case with ethylene glycol. And water with alcohol freezes at a lower temperature than just water.

To heat with a low-temperature coolant (since heating up to high temperature the coolant in an autonomous house is an extra waste of resources), it is necessary to increase the heat exchange area, so it is best to use a warm floor in this case. There is an assumption that underfloor heating is harmful to immune system a person that it is better to walk on a cold floor. I did not find any research on this topic, but warm floors, in fact, are not that hot, only 25-27 ° C. In summer, ordinary floors can warm up to this temperature.

Electricity supply

Again, the sun can be used as a source of electricity. However, in the central regions of Russia, it is still necessary additional sources electricity, such as a diesel generator or, if the mains is still connected, the mains. Solar energy will be able to provide the house with electricity by about 80%. The use of wind energy is also possible, but we do not have much strong winds, especially in winter, so it is difficult to get a large amount of energy from a wind generator.

In order to receive electricity in the evening and at night when the sun has already set, it is necessary that the energy management system of the house has the ability to accumulate daylight solar energy in batteries.

There are a lot of subtleties and nuances when building an autonomous house - more than when building an ordinary house. Since such a house turns out to be expensive, all materials and equipment must be durable and reliable in order to pay off with further operation.

I also recommend watching a very interesting and useful lecture on the topic of a real autonomous house in Russia by Igor Glushchenko.

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The third open competition "Archnovation" involved both implemented projects (from 2012 to 2014) and buildings that have not yet been built. As a result, the jury selected 27 winners in 10 categories. This selection contains the winners in the nomination “Private Architecture. The buildings. The best individual residential building.

1 place

Villa in the village of Gurzuf, Crimea

Architect: Alexey Nikolashin, Bureau of Architecture SL*project

The house was built on a rather steep slope, which determined the complex architecture of the building. The upper level is a garage with access to the roof with a terrace for relaxation. The next floor is a living room, a fireplace room, a guest room, a kitchen and a bedroom. One level below there are two wings, one of which houses a spa, children's playroom and guest bedrooms, in the other - children's rooms. The lower tier is the pool.

2nd place

Residential building T_9 House, Moscow

Architect: Sergey Nasedkin, architectural company ARCH.625

The architects were faced with the task of fitting the building into the landscape and making it as invisible as possible. Country house with a total area of ​​180 sq. meters built according to frame technology with a linear layout: in the center there is a living room and a kitchen, on the sides there are three bedrooms and bathrooms.

3rd place

Private house in Kuzminka village, Nizhny Novgorod

Architects: Zoya Rurikova, Yuri Folman, design bureau "DA"

The building is 170 sq. meters built on a site with a very steep slope (with a height difference of up to 3 meters). Therefore, the foundation was made of bored piles and a house was already “planted” on them. The shape of the building seems to repeat the outlines of the slope, harmoniously fitting into the landscape.

As a bonus - a residential building with a sports center innovative technologies Barkli-park in Moscow, which received the Grand Prix of the competition. The authors of the project: Vera Butko, Anton Nadtochiy from the Atrium Architectural Studio (Moscow).

We talked about the project in more detail.

compact houses in many countries have already become an excellent alternative to classic housing. Young enthusiasts and professional architects are designing incredibly simple and functional houses that do not need major construction or can even move with their owners. We present you a selection interesting stories about compact green housing construction, which we published on the site in 2015.

This is the story of a young couple who decided to quit their job, build a small one on wheels to travel the world. If you are a nomad at heart, this story is just for you.

Many people now doubt that compact house can be suitable for everyday family life. Although we know very well that most families live in cramped apartments, the house in our understanding must be large.

Can compact small houses be luxurious and beautiful. This little camper has received one of the highest AA comfort categories. It is billed as "the first compact luxury smart home in the US." Let's see what is so comfortable there ...

In Bartislava, they designed a fully autonomous compact house in the shape of an egg, or maybe a submarine. After all, it is on boats that people learn to organize their life on small space. This house uses autonomous energy sources, has a compact volume, the comfort of a warm bed, running water and hot food.

The profession of architect is dying, already now about 90% of all buildings in the world are being built without the participation of an architect. The modern consumer is becoming more thrifty and responsible in the use of resources, time and money. Nobody wants to build a house for 10 million, everyone wants to build a house 10 times cheaper and faster. And now it is possible more than ever.

When building an eco-house, we mainly pursue one goal - to build the most inexpensive eco-house in a relatively short period of time. Studio Arkhgarazh proposed its 8 principles, which are based on the concept of "Anticonsumption Architecture".

Our gardeners have long been using different type wagons for arranging their sites. Here is a great example reuse of an old railway wagon into a cozy functional housing.

Four couples from Texas bought beautiful site land on the banks of the river, but instead of building one large house, they decided to save money and built 4 compact and environmentally friendly houses on one plot. And they made the kitchen and all communications common.

The absence of communications is not a reason not to buy a suburban area you like or affordable. And high prices for electricity and other energy sources are just an incentive to experiment and invent things that will help housing become independent and owners get big savings on property payments. Portal user experience, new offers on the market, interesting solutions- in this week's topic, we will look at everything you need to make a home self-contained.

Articles:

We have to build an autonomous country house, and this requires an integrated approach. Here you need to take care of proper insulation, and know what technologies to use.

Uninterruptible power supply, solid fuel boiler, diesel generator and home solar power plant. Introducing the products needed by those who create self-contained housing.

Modular frame house For permanent residence- we talk about the magnificent work of the craftsman of our portal.

The power supply system (autonomous) of a private house will come to the rescue. FORUMHOUSE users talk about autonomous power supply systems: from the simplest to the most complex.

Not every person has the opportunity to connect to the "blue fuel" pipeline. What to do if there is no gas in the room, or its connection does not shine in the near future? An alternative would be liquefied gas from cylinders.

The primary task of any country dweller is to provide their home with heat and light. Alternative energy sources will help reduce heating costs.

Video:

Installation of solar panels. For those country houses and houses in which there is no electrical network, a good source of electricity can be solar panels. The specialist will demonstrate the installation of an autonomous power supply system on the facade of the building and the connection of cable lines.

Heat pumps. Heat pumps invented over 100 years ago. It's pretty original solution take energy from the earth and multiply it. Supplying gas is a serious problem, and it takes too much money to heat a home with electricity, so it is worth considering and considering this option.

Alternative heating. Complex of systems. The topic of using alternative energy is becoming more and more relevant in the world every year, even in apartment buildings. For many Russians, this issue is especially relevant. In this story, we will consider an unusual complex consisting of several sources of alternative energy, such as a solar collector and air pump. We are also considering the option of connecting a heat pump.

Autonomous sewerage. Features of choice. Thinking about the drainage of sewage on the site, it is worth taking a closer look at the market and taking a closer look at modern treatment facilities. Autonomous sewerage is perhaps the most popular option, but choosing the right setup is important.

Installing an inverter for the boiler. In this story, we will tell you about the pressing problem of every owner of a private house: uninterrupted power supply to the boiler and other heating equipment. In order to prevent a breakdown with electricity, you need to install an inverter or an uninterruptible power supply. How to choose it, choose a battery, install it correctly and what conditions to provide - we will tell you in order.

Generators: selection, features of operation and maintenance. A generator is an engine that converts its energy into electricity. It is often used in construction "in the field", as well as in those country houses where there are problems with constant electricity. Let's talk about how to choose the right generator and how to use it.

Forum topics:

In this topic, portal members consider technical solutions and the required materials for the energy supply of an autonomous house, which allow you to create simple and reliable systems for heating, ventilation, power supply, etc., requiring minimal maintenance over the entire life of the house. Create standalone a private house with your own hands - you can, the main thing is to read FORUMHOUSE.

How to make the wind and sun work for themselves, what equipment is needed for autonomous life at home - users talk about their experience of acquiring and using it.

Portal member Vit555, "resting with all four, slowly but surely sails to the autonomy." How to make an autonomous house - readers have joined the discussion of this topic.

Here, FORUMHOUSE participants share their experience in organizing autonomous gasification at the site.

From the moment when Aleksei2011 made the first "alternative", a lot of time passed. Now the topikstarter lives in the country, and his electricity is from a home-made wind and solar system, consisting of two wind generators - this is a real autonomous residential building. During this time, the portal participant learned a lot of information and made a lot of "all sorts of experiments and conclusions."

Where and what kind of wind generator to buy in Moscow and throughout the post-Soviet space, what is the cost, what power is enough for its operation - in this topic, portal participants discuss how to achieve energy independence in suburban area.

And in cases where there is no central water supply in a suburban area, and where water seems to be carried out, but is supplied irregularly, an independent source of water supply will help. In this hot topic portal users are discussing how to drill a well on their own.

What it takes to make your own, independent power supply system for a residential building - FORUMHOUSE members share tips and experience.

The cherished dream of many families begins with one best project. And last year was no exception. Someone made a big decision about at the beginning of the year and already arrives at the construction site with thoughts of a quick settlement, and someone has decided on the project closer to the New Year and is in an exciting wait for their turn for production and installation. Our architects prepared more than a dozen projects in 2015, among them were and individual, and each next was not like the previous one. But according to the emerging tradition, there were favorites among our projects, which more often than others attracted the attention of future new settlers.

We present the top three most popular projects in 2015 and one project that won the Grand Prix.

Golden medal

Functional approach to beauty

The concentration of beauty and functionality per square meter in this project has reached its maximum. This wooden house is made of round logs 240 mm. has a relatively small size (145 sq. m - total area, 58.2 sq. m - living area), but the thoughtfulness of its layout guarantees comfortable accommodation for every member of your family. It has several zones, each of which meets all the most necessary needs of a modern family.

On the ground floor in the house from the OCB according to the S-136 project there is a zone for daytime rest and eating. The absence of extra walls helps to create a feeling of lightness and spaciousness, which is especially important when small sizes residential premises. Here you can not only relax after a hard day, gather at the dinner table with the whole family, celebrate an important event with close friends, but also, if necessary, work productively in a secluded corner with a laptop.

IN country house the functionality of not only the interior is important, it is also necessary to use the outdoor area. In project wooden house from round logs S-136 there is a spacious terrace overlooking the backyard. It will be nice to spend time here in the summer with a glass of homemade lemonade and an interesting book, or even arrange board game fights.

The attic floor of the wooden house S-136 is completely reserved for the evening relaxation area. There are three bedrooms and a bathroom with a shared bathroom. From the rooms, the windows of which look at the backyard, there is an exit to a wide balcony. Its functionality and popularity among households will be difficult to overestimate, especially in the summer.

silver medal

Space and aesthetic pleasure

The popularity of this project from year to year sets new records, and the number of restylings of this house has become the pride of our team.

The project of a wooden house made of glued laminated timber S-101 fascinates with its spaciousness and aesthetics. It is very minimalistic and thanks to the presence of large windows around the entire perimeter of the house, a feeling of extraordinary lightness is created. The organization of the interior spaces also supports the effect of an abundance of air and spaciousness.

Upon entering the house, you are greeted by a large living room with a comfortable seating area, which is adjacent to the kitchen-dining room. The abundance of natural light in this room creates a special atmosphere of coziness and comfort. There is enough space for an evening rest with the family for a pleasant conversation and watching your favorite movie, as well as meeting a large group of friends.

Some distance from the spacious living and dining area are three secluded bedrooms. They are hidden from prying eyes, and the sounds from the living room will not disturb your family, who are already getting ready for bed. The bathroom is conveniently located next to the bedrooms.

In addition, the S-101 project provides for a wide terrace encircling half of the house. The entrance to it is located on two sides: from the side of the main entrance and the living room.

Bronze medal

All inclusive

The wooden house project S-114 rightfully became one of the most popular in 2015, according to our future newcomers. At first glance, it is even difficult to imagine how it is possible to place all the necessary functional areas on 143 so successfully. square meters. In this project, every detail is thought out and the best solution for organizing a room for a comfortable country life, relaxing holidays and productive work of a small family is proposed.

The wooden house designed by the S-114 project wins the hearts of active families, where a thoughtful approach to the organization of the surrounding space is appreciated. Interior spaces in this house are fully consistent modern requirements dynamic pace of life. There is a spacious living room, cozy kitchen, combined with the dining room; a secluded bedroom and a full study.

In addition, the project separately thought out a system convenient storage things in the dressing room, the presence of a spacious bathroom with a separate toilet and a separate laundry room.

A comfortable life outside the city provides for a private car or even several for a family, therefore, in the project of a wooden house made of S-114 profiled timber, a garage space with additional parking spaces in front of the garage entrance was also implemented.

The Grand Prix

The best home for a large family

Families with two or three children are more likely to get tired of the cramped conditions of city apartments. Therefore, their dream of their own wooden house, as a rule, takes on the features of a spacious one-story or two-story own house. And the most popular project in 2015, which harmoniously combines all the necessary premises for a comfortable life of a large family, was the S-121 project. This is a unique project in which every square centimeter of the area is used to the maximum. The skill and professionalism of the architect made it possible to organize a 140 sq. m with a total area of ​​100 sq. m of living space!

It takes into account the characteristics of each member of your family, young and old, and each of them will have their own favorite room in this house. For family breakfasts and dinners, there is a kitchen combined with a dining room, where a large dining table can easily be placed. Here the kitchen-dining room acts as a separate room and is not combined with the living room.

You can relax after work or have fun with friends in the spacious living room. And if you need to work in silence, in one of the three rooms provided for by the S-121 project, you can organize a full-fledged study.

In the summer, a spacious terrace with access to the patio will be especially popular with your household. Here you can organize a summer dining room or place a few sun loungers for sunbathing. And your children will surely like the idea of ​​organizing family table tennis tournaments on the terrace.

Always happy to answer your questions