Do-it-yourself cyclone from a barrel. FORUMHOUSE experience. Do-it-yourself cyclone filter. ch1 Filter for a vacuum cleaner from a bucket

Wood has always been considered an environmentally friendly and safe material. Fine wood dust generated during the processing of a wooden blank is not as harmless as it might seem. Its inhalation does not contribute to the saturation of the body with useful microelements. Accumulating in the lungs and upper respiratory tract (and wood dust is not processed by the body), it slowly but effectively destroys the respiratory system. Large chips constantly accumulate near machines and working tools. It is better to remove it immediately, without waiting for the appearance of insurmountable blockages in the carpentry space.

In order to maintain the necessary level of cleanliness in the home carpentry, you can buy an expensive exhaust system, consisting of a powerful fan, cyclone, chip eliminators, a chip container and auxiliary elements. But the users of our portal are not one of those who are used to buying what they can do with their own hands. Using their experience, anyone can assemble an exhaust system that will meet the needs of a small home workshop.

Sawdust vacuum cleaner

Chip blower using a conventional household vacuum cleaner - the most a budget option of all existing solutions. And if you manage to use your old cleaning assistant, who, out of pity, has not yet been thrown into the trash, then your inherent thrift has once again served you in good stead.

ADKXXI FORUMHOUSE user

My vacuum cleaner is more than fifty years old (brand - "Uralets"). Completely copes with the role of a chip cutter. He is heavy only, like my sins, but he can not only suck, but also blow. Sometimes I take advantage of this opportunity.

By itself, a household vacuum cleaner installed in a place of honor in the workshop as a chip blower will be useless. And the main reason for this is that the volume of the bag (container) for collecting dust is too small. That is why between the vacuum cleaner and the machine there must be an additional unit of the exhaust system, consisting of a cyclone and a volumetric tank for collecting sawdust.

axis FORUMHOUSE user

The most easy installation –vacuum cleaner and cyclone. Moreover, the vacuum cleaner can be used at home. Instead of a cyclone (cylindrical cone), a separating cover can be used.

DIY sawdust vacuum cleaner

The scheme of the chip blower we are considering is extremely simple.

The device consists of two main modules: a cyclone (pos. 1) and a chip container (pos. 2). The principle of its operation is as follows: with the help of a vacuum cleaner, a vacuum is created in the cyclone chamber. Due to the pressure difference inside and outside the device, sawdust, together with air and dust, enters the internal cavity of the cyclone. Here, under the action of inertial and gravity forces, mechanical suspensions are separated from the air flow and fall into the lower container.

Consider the design of the device in more detail.

Cyclone

The cyclone can be made in the form of a cover that is installed on top of the storage tank, or you can simply combine these two modules. To begin with, consider the second option - a cyclone made in the body of the chip container.

First of all, we should purchase a tank with a suitable volume.

ForceUser FORUMHOUSE user,
Moscow.

Capacity - 65 l. I took it according to the principle - we need volume and convenience while carrying a filled container. This barrel has handles, which is very convenient for cleaning it.

Here is a list of additional items and materials that we will need to assemble the device:

• Screws, washers and nuts - for fastening the inlet pipe;
• Segment of a sewer pipe with cuffs;
• Transitional coupling (from the sewer pipe to the suction pipe of the vacuum cleaner);
• Glue gun.

Do-it-yourself barrel vacuum cleaner: assembly sequence

First of all, a hole is made in the sidewall of the tank for the inlet pipe, which will be located tangentially to the body. The figure shows a view from the outside of the tank.

It is advisable to install the branch pipe in the upper part of the plastic barrel. This will achieve the maximum degree of cleaning.

From the inside, the inlet pipe looks like this.

The gaps between the pipe and the walls of the tank should be filled with mounting sealant.

At the next stage, we make a hole in the lid, insert the adapter there and carefully seal all the cracks around the pipe. Ultimately, the design of the chip blower will look like this.

The vacuum cleaner is connected to the upper outlet of the device, and the pipe that removes the chips from the machine is threaded into the side pipe.

As you can see, the presented design is not equipped with additional filters, which does not greatly affect the quality of air purification.

day_61 FORUMHOUSE user

I made a chip blower based on the theme. The vacuum cleaner "Rocket" with a power of 400 W and a barrel with a volume of 100 liters are taken as a basis. After assembly of the unit, tests were successfully carried out. Everything works as it should: the sawdust is in the barrel, the vacuum cleaner bag is empty. So far, the dust collector has been connected only to the router.

Whatever it was, but the cyclone still cannot detain a certain percentage of wood dust. And in order to bring the degree of purification to the maximum, some users of our portal are thinking about the need to install an additional fine filter. Yes, a filter is needed, but not every filter element will be appropriate.

axis FORUMHOUSE user

I think that it is not entirely correct to install a fine filter after a cyclone. Or rather, you need to install it, but you are tormented by cleaning it (you will have to very often). There, just a filter cloth will roll (like a bag in a vacuum cleaner). In my Corvette, the top bag holds the bulk of the fine dust. I see this when I remove the bottom bag to remove sawdust.

A fabric filter can be created by attaching a frame to the top cover of the cyclone and covering it with a dense material (can be a tarpaulin).

The main task of the cyclone is to remove sawdust and dust from working area(from the machine, etc.). Therefore, the quality of air flow cleaning from fine suspensions plays a secondary role in our case. And, given that the standard dust collector installed in the vacuum cleaner will certainly retain the remaining debris (not filtered by the cyclone), we will achieve the required degree of cleaning.

Cyclone cover

As we have already said, the cyclone can be made in the form of a cover that will be put on the storage tank. A working example of such a device is shown in the photo.

The point of the log FORUMHOUSE user

The design should be clear from the photographs. The plastic was soldered with an ordinary soldering iron using a fine steel mesh. The cyclone is quite effective: when filling a barrel of 40 liters, no more than a glass of garbage accumulated in the vacuum cleaner bag.

Despite the fact that this cyclone is part of a home-made construction vacuum cleaner, it can be successfully introduced into the design of a carpentry chip blower.

sawdust pipeline

Hoses connected to a chip extractor are best purchased from a vacuum cleaner. A plastic pipeline with smooth inner walls can be laid along the wall. It will connect the machine to the suction pipe of the cyclone.

A certain danger is static electricity, which is generated during the movement of sawdust through a plastic pipe: sticking of sawdust to the walls of the pipeline, ignition of wood dust, etc. If you want to neutralize this phenomenon, it is better to do this during the construction of the sawdust pipeline.

Far from all owners of home workshops pay attention to the phenomenon of static electricity inside the sawdust pipeline. But if the design of the chip blower is made in accordance with the rules of fire safety, then a corrugation with a built-in metal conductor should be used as a sawdust line. Connecting such a system to a ground loop will help avoid problems during operation.

alex_k11 FORUMHOUSE user

Plastic pipes must be grounded. Hoses should be taken with a wire, otherwise static accumulates very strongly.

What is the solution to deal with static electricity in plastic pipes is offered by one of the FORUMHOUSE users: plastic pipe foil and connect it to a ground loop.

Exhaust devices

The design of devices that remove chips directly from the working bodies of carpentry equipment depends on the characteristics of the machines themselves. Therefore, products made of plastic, plywood and other suitable materials can be used as exhaust elements.

In order to solve this problem, the tank body can be equipped with metal frame, or insert several metal hoops of a suitable diameter inside (as suggested by the user alex_k11). The design will turn out to be more cumbersome, but absolutely reliable.

Chip blower for multiple machines

The system based on a household vacuum cleaner has a small capacity. Therefore, it can only serve one machine at a time. In other words, if there are several machines, the suction pipe will have to be connected to them one by one. It is also possible to install a chip blower centrally. But in order for the suction power not to fall, idle machines should be disconnected from the general system using gates (flaps).

If a person has his own workshop, then one of critical issues cost of cleaning the room. But unlike dusting in an apartment, an ordinary household vacuum cleaner will not help here, since it is not designed for construction debris and sawdust - its garbage tank (dust collector or bag) will clog very quickly and become unusable. Therefore, a home-made cyclone filter is often used, which, together with a household vacuum cleaner, will help clean the workshop.

Introduction

Wood dust and other technical debris, although it seems harmless at first glance, in fact, they are fraught with many different dangers, both for the master and for the equipment. For example, prolonged work without protective equipment to prevent dust from entering the respiratory system can cause serious complications with respiratory tract, worsen the sense of smell, etc. In addition, a tool that is in the workshop under the influence of dust can quickly fail. This happens because:

1. dust, mixed with the lubricant inside the tool, forms a mixture that is completely unsuitable for lubricating moving parts, resulting in overheating and further breakage
2. dust can impede the rotation of the moving parts of the tool, which leads to additional loads, overheating and failure,
3. dust clogs the air ducts designed to ventilate the heated parts of the tool and remove heat from them, as a result of overheating, deformation and failure again.

Thus, the issue of the quality of removal of sawing products and, in general, cleaning of the premises is very acute. Modern power tools are equipped with systems for removing dust and chips directly from the sawing area, which does not allow dust to spread throughout the workshop. In any case, a vacuum cleaner (or chip blower) is needed for the dust removal process!

There are good industrial vacuum cleaners and if possible, it is better to choose the most best option for price and quality and buy construction vacuum cleaner.

However, there are times when you already have a household vacuum cleaner and it is easier to upgrade it and solve the problem of collecting construction waste in the room. To do this, you need to use a cyclone filter - it is done in half an hour with all the necessary elements.

Principle of operation

There are a great many different designs of cyclones, but all of them are united by the same principle of operation. All designs of cyclone chip blowers consist of three main parts:

• household vacuum cleaner
• Cyclone filter
• Waste container

Its design is such that the flow of intake air is directed in a circle and its rotational movement is obtained. Accordingly, the construction waste contained in this air stream (these are large and heavy fractions) is affected by centrifugal force, which presses it against the walls of the cyclone chamber and, under the action of gravity, it gradually settles in the tank.

The disadvantage of a cyclone vacuum cleaner is that only dry garbage can be collected in this way, but if there is water in the garbage, then there will be problems when sucking such a substance.

The vacuum cleaner must be powerful enough, since in its normal operation it is supposed to suck air through a standard hose. In the case of using an additional cyclone filter, an additional filter appears in the air path, and the total length of the duct is more than doubled due to the additional duct. Since the design turns out to be as maneuverable as a separate vacuum cleaner, the length of the last hose must be sufficient for comfortable work.

Preparatory work

As mentioned above, you can make a cyclone filter for a workshop in half an hour, but for this you need to check the availability of everything necessary for the production of a chip blower with your own hands, namely: tools, materials and consumables.

Tools

The following tools will be needed to carry out the work:

1. electric drill,
2. screwdriver,
3. jigsaw,
4. compass,
5. clamps,
6. crosshead screwdriver,
7. pencil,
8. on wood (50-60mm),
9. kit .

Materials and fasteners

Materials can be used both new and used, so carefully review the list below - you may already have something in stock;

1. The air duct (hose) for the vacuum cleaner is corrugated or in a textile braid.
2. A sewer pipe with a diameter of 50 mm and a length of 100-150 mm, at one end of which the air duct of your household vacuum cleaner should be inserted.
3. Sewer outlet 30 or 45 degrees, 100–200 mm long, at one end of which the air duct specified in paragraph 1 will be inserted in the future.
4. Bucket ("large") plastic 11-26 liters with a hermetically sealed lid.
5. Bucket ("small") plastic 5-11 liters. Note. It is important that the difference between the two maximum bucket diameters is approximately 60–70 mm.
6. Sheet 15–20 mm thick. Note. The sheet size must be greater than the maximum diameter of the Big Bucket.
7. Self-tapping screws for wood with a flat wide head and a length of 2/3 of the thickness.
8. Gel sealant universal.

Table standard sizes round plastic buckets.

Volume, l	Cover diameter, mm	Height, mm
1,0	125	115
1,2	132	132
2,2	160	150
2,3	175	133
2,6	200	124
3,0	200	139
3,4	200	155
3,8	200	177
3,8	200	177
5,0	225	195
11	292	223
18	326	275
21	326	332
26	380	325
33	380	389

Making a cyclone filter

Creating a homemade chip blower consists of a number of steps:

1. Creating a retaining ring and curly insert
2. Retaining ring installation
3. Installing the side pipe
4. Setting the top entry
5. Curly insert installation
6. Assembling the cyclone filter

Creating a retaining ring and curly insert

It is necessary to cut off the side of the small bucket, which is used to attach the lid. As a result, you should get such a cylinder (well, a little on a cone).

We make the markup - put a small bucket on and draw a line along the edge - we get a circle.

Then we determine the center of this circle (see Fig. school course geometry) and mark another circle, the radius of which is 30 mm larger than the existing one. Then we mark the ring and the curly insert, as shown in the figure.

Retaining ring installation

We fix the ring on the edge of the small bucket so that we get a rim. Fastening is done with self-tapping screws. It is advisable to pre-drill the holes so as not to split.

We mark the roof of a large bucket. For marking, you need to put the bucket itself on the lid of a large bucket and circle its outline. Marking is best done with a felt-tip pen, as the trace is clearly visible.

It is important to note that all connections must be airtight, respectively, before installing the cover, the connection must be smeared with sealant. You also need to smear the junction of the wooden ring and the small bucket.

Installing the side pipe

The side pipe is made from a sewer outlet of 30 degrees (or 45 degrees). To install it, you need to drill a hole in the top of the small bucket with a crown. Note that the bottom of the small bucket is now the top.

Setting the top entry

To make the top entry, you need to drill a hole in the upper part of the chip cutter (small bucket), that is, in the center of the former bottom.

For a strong fixation of the inlet pipe, it is necessary to use an additional strength element in the form of a square blank made of 20 mm thick with a central hole for a 50 mm pipe.

This workpiece is fastened from below with four self-tapping screws. Before installation, for tightness, the joint must be smeared with sealant.

Curly insert installation

The shaped insert is a very important component of a homemade chip blower, it must be fixed inside the cyclone filter, as shown in the photo.

Assembling the cyclone filter

Then you need to connect the air ducts correctly:

1. Upper nozzle - to a household vacuum cleaner
2. Angled elbow entering from the side at an angle - to the hose.

Homemade cyclone vacuum cleaner (chip blower) is ready.

Video

Video for this review:

Repair and construction works not only are they difficult, but also leave a lot of dust and debris, which is often too lazy to clean up, and ordinary home vacuum cleaners are simply not able to cope with the task. A cyclone for a vacuum cleaner will help, capable of sifting out chips, sawdust and other debris without clogging the dust collector itself.

Operating principle

Many people know what construction rubbish is and how difficult it is to clean, especially on an industrial scale. There are special construction vacuum cleaners on the market that have high power, in comparison with household ones, but at the same time they have large dimensions and a considerable price. Therefore, masters of their craft create cyclone type chip blowers with their own hands, thereby improving their household vacuum cleaners and facilitating their work.

The filter is a design of two compartments: external and internal. Under the action of centrifugal force, all rubbish entering the dust collector, based on the cyclone principle, sorted into large and small particles.

Large ones settle in the outer chamber, and small ones - in the inner one. It is because of this principle of operation of the filter that it was called a cyclone.

DIY manufacturing

Before starting work, you need to remember that it will not be difficult to build such a simple device, therefore, after mastering the principles, you can immediately make your own masterful improvements to the mechanism.

When making a cyclone with your own hands from improvised materials, you need:

To make a vacuum cleaner with your own hands, you need:

• In the lid of the container, it is necessary to make a hole for a 90-degree polypropylene elbow and in the side of the container itself the same hole for a 30-degree elbow.
• A filter is placed inside the container, already connected to a polypropylene elbow.
• All openings should be sealed tightly with sealant.

The hose is tightly fixed with a polypropylene elbow and is directed clearly down, thereby setting a stable trajectory. Testing is carried out on a hard litter.

Aquafilter from improvised means

If you have problems finding a store-bought aquafilter, you can safely make a cyclone filter for a vacuum cleaner with your own hands. To do this, you only need plastic pipe, the dimensions of which are set based on the size of the tank (suitable sewer small diameter).

To make a filter on your own, you need to cut the pipe into pieces and tightly connect it into a T-shape so that air can easily pass between the chambers, and the side branches need to be muffled with fabric breathable material.

From below, at the base of the wide part, it is necessary to drill holes in a checkerboard pattern (for water intake). Next, you need to connect the cyclone filter to the water filter using a polypropylene elbow so that the water filter, while inside the tank, slightly touches the water.

Water is added just before the vacuum cleaner is used.

Dust bag

When making a bag for a vacuum cleaner with your own hands, any material will do, but it is important that it is dense. In order to make such a bag, you need only three materials:

• Textolite (the size is selected individually for each vacuum cleaner).
• Any textile tight bag (many use shoe bags).
• Clamp for debris dump part.

A hole is made in the textolite with a diameter of the outlet of the dust collection valve, the sizes are different for everyone, depending on the model of the vacuum cleaner. Further, the same hole is made in the bag and fixed between the textolite and the bag.

In the opposite part of the bag, a hole is made to dump dust and litter, after which the bag is fixed with a clamp.

Cyclone was created in 1986 Jameson Dyson and since then has gained its authority in the sales market and holds its position to this day.

none industrial sphere can not do without this invention, which has such qualities as speed and reliability.

Large garbage in the workshop can always be swept away and taken to a landfill in bags. But what about dust, metal or wood shavings, and numerous other microscopic waste products? Buying can be a good hit on the wallet. A regular vacuum cleaner can't do the job. But if you make a cyclone for a vacuum cleaner with your own hands or even your own construction vacuum cleaner, you can save yourself a number of problems!

Why do you need a cyclone filter?

Construction, metal or wood dust is completely harmless in appearance. But this is only at first glance. Working in a dusty environment can harm the respiratory system and cause serious illness. Yes, and the tools will deteriorate from the endless stream of garbage. There may be several reasons:

• Dust gets into the tool and onto the lubricant inside it. As a result, it overheats and fails.
• If the device has moving parts, then dust may well impede their operation, and also lead to breakage in the future.
• Dust can clog special ventilation holes that are designed to cool the tool. As a result - again overheating and breakdown.

The cyclone filter will ensure the collection of any debris in the workplace without harm to the vacuum cleaner.

Principle of operation

Using the aerodynamic air flow, the filter will bind the dust particles together. In turn, centrifugal force begins to act, pressing them against the walls of the container. And then gravity causes the debris to settle to the bottom.

There are many diagrams showing the operation of cyclone filters. One of them can be seen below.

Cyclone filter device

You can make such, or a similar filter yourself. There are a huge number of options for execution, but one thing unites them - the principle of operation. Any design will consist of:

• A conventional vacuum cleaner (preferably powerful);
• cyclone filter;
• Containers that collect garbage.

throughout the structure. In normal condition, it is designed for cleaning the house, suction of small debris and dust. In this case, a cyclone filter appears, which means that the length of the duct will be increased by almost three times, respectively, and the load on the device will be greater. The design turns out to be quite massive, unlike a conventional vacuum cleaner, so such a trick is necessary to ensure that the length of the hose is enough for comfortable cleaning.

Do-it-yourself construction vacuum cleaner: what you need

As mentioned above, you can use a regular household vacuum cleaner. But this option does not attract many masters, so a home-made unit becomes the best solution.

In order to make such a device, even if it has been preserved since the time of the distant Soviet past. This is the advantage that homemade vacuum cleaners can be made from unnecessary old units.

So, from the vacuum cleaner we extract such elements as:

• Motor;
• Cord connecting the device to the network;
• Power adjustment device;
• Suction corrugation.

Prepare for the body:

• A plastic pipe with a diameter of 5 cm;
• Container with lid;
• A sheet of plywood about 0.5 cm thick;
• 14 nuts and bolts M6;
• Galvanized sheet metal strip;
• Car filter (from a minibus);
• Switch - 220 V;
• sealant;
• Sandpaper;
• Glue gun rods;
• Corrugated hose (possible from a washing machine);
• Threaded stud with nuts and washers;
• Wiring corrugation PND32.

It is worth immediately preparing the tools:

• Drill;
• Glue gun;
• Sealant gun;
• Locksmith keys;
• Screwdrivers;
• Electric jigsaw;
• Wire cutters.

Manufacturing

At about a distance of 10 centimeters from the top of the container, we make a hole into which we connect the pipe. The hole should be an oval even shape. The branch pipe is placed in it slightly at an angle downwards, tightly adhering to the wall. With a glue gun, you need to fix the result, as in image 2.

A pipe inserted into a pre-drilled hole in a barrel

From the inside we fasten the adapter to connect the suction hose.

We cut out two circles about half the size of the cover, drill holes for the bolts. Parts are attached on both sides. After other circles are drilled, and with sandpaper, their surface is cleaned of burrs. We cover the products around the perimeter with sealant, after that, they are installed and finally fixed. The hole for the pin is made in the center. A little to the left there will be a larger hole for air intake.

Location of stud and air outlet

We will need an air filter without a mesh (it will be clogged with debris, which is extremely unprofitable) in which it is placed. It must be removed with clippers. One side of the cylinder should be closed with a plywood plug. The filter is attached to the stud with a nut.

By the way, the filter will help not only get rid of dust, but also prevent the inhalation of dangerous small particles, such as toner. If you use a conventional vacuum cleaner in this case, the bags are easily clogged with toner dust. In this case, all particles will settle in the collection container.

In order to make it more convenient to mount, it can be cut out along with the plastic parts. To fix it on the lid, you will need a clamp, which can be made from a strip of tin.

The switch and regulator are placed side by side. After that, all parts are connected to each other with wires, and a wire with a plug is connected.

Make sure that everything is connected correctly and there are no bare wires, and only after that check the operation of the device.

Location of motor, switch and power regulator

The length of the suction hose is usually not enough, so it is extended with a corrugated pipe.

Standard nozzles from a vacuum cleaner will help to put things in order in any workshop. They can also be used to connect to equipment, for direct garbage collection, using simple adapters.

So, a home-made cyclone-type construction vacuum cleaner is ready!

What to do if there is no way to make a vacuum cleaner with your own hands?

Of course, not everyone wants to make a vacuum cleaner from scratch, and necessary details may not be. In this case, a regular household vacuum cleaner is perfect, preferably with high power. Next, you just need to make a cyclone filter for it, which will not require large expenditures. Most often it is made from a traffic cone or bucket. Let's consider both options.

Drawing makeshift cyclone can be seen below.

Cyclone drawing

Road cone cyclone

Simple and fast way to build a cyclone on a vacuum cleaner directly with your own hands is to make it from a traffic cone.

What is needed for work?

Since the manufacture of the cyclone will be carried out with my own hands need to prepare necessary tools And Consumables. So we are preparing:

• traffic cone;
• Plastic pipes (about 40 mm)
• 45 degree angle;
• Plywood;
• Pieces of chipboard;
• Glue gun and rods;
• A container with a lid, it is possible from under the paint.

Let's start manufacturing

To begin with, we take plywood to make a cover from it that closes the cone. Cutting a circle desired diameter and cut two holes in it. One will be in the middle, the second parallel at the edge, as in Figure 6.

Plywood circle with holes for air inlet and outlet

Pipe inserted into one of the holes

It is also necessary to insert a pipe into the second hole, but a 45-degree angle is put on top of it. It is moving along it that the air will twist into a whirlwind. The angle is inside the cone.

Corner location for proper air circulation in the cyclone

After the pipe is glued as in the case of the first. The lid is ready. Then it is glued into a cone.

The tip of the cone must be cut off. After, it is inserted into the bucket lid in the center into a pre-prepared hole. The place of attachment is glued. From the inside, the cover must be reinforced with pieces of chipboard. After they are pulled together with self-tapping screws.

The result is a product as in Figure 9.

Ready product

Bucket cyclone filter

Another simple material for making a cyclone filter will be an ordinary bucket, you can even use paint. The volume must be calculated based on the power of the vacuum cleaner - this is approximately 1 liter of capacity for every 80-100W.

The bucket must have a hermetically sealed lid, and the shape of the container itself must be round!

For manufacturing you will need:

• A bucket with a lid (can be from under construction mixtures);
• Compass;
• 2 knees 90 and 45 degrees;
• plastic pipe;
• Silicone;
• Rubber or o-rings;
• Stationery knife;
• Glue gun.

Manufacturing

We make holes in the lid. You can use a factory compass, or you can make a homemade one. Screw two self-tapping screws into the wooden rail at a distance of exactly 2.7 centimeters from each other.

The center of each hole is marked 4 cm from the edge. Next, circles are cut out for pipes at the marked places.

We insert the knee tightly into the socket, having previously applied silicone to its side. From the inside of the product, a sealant is pulled onto the socket. If necessary, crimp with a clamp. It will turn out as in Figure 10.

We insert the pipes into the bucket lid, turning the corner correctly

From the outside, the inlet pipe is almost flush with the cover. On the reverse side, the knee is directed by the rotary part to the center of the bucket. But for the desired effect, it is supplied with a 45-degree turn, which is directed obliquely down as in Figure 11.

View from the back

The second branch pipe, which will draw air, is located in the opposite direction. A knee is inserted into it so that air is taken from the wall of the bucket. O-rings must be used in each case, they will securely fasten the pipes and prevent them from turning.

We conclude that you can make a cyclone for a vacuum cleaner with your own hands quickly and easily, using improvised means. At the output, you should get approximately the same device as in the figure below.

Cyclone filter connected to a household vacuum cleaner

Difficulties you may encounter while working

It is not difficult to create a cyclone filter with your own hands, or even a home-made vacuum cleaner, as we have seen, if you have the necessary materials.

In some cases, it is recommended to take metal containers for collecting garbage, as they are considered more durable. In the presence of a vacuum cleaner with huge power, a plastic bucket can “collapse” so to speak. It is drawn in due to the strong flow of intake air. This happens extremely rarely, but it is better to immediately provide for such an option. It can be leveled, but damage to the product will be on the face. So you always need to consider the quality of the plastic and the power of the device. In the case of a traffic cone, this problem does not arise.

Today we will tell you about the cyclone filter for a vacuum cleaner in the workshop, because one of the problems that you have to deal with in woodworking is dust removal. Industrial equipment is quite expensive, so we will make a cyclone with our own hands - it's not difficult at all.

What is a cyclone and why is it needed

In the workshop, there is almost always a need to remove garbage of a sufficiently large fraction. Sawdust, small scraps, metal shavings - all this, in principle, can be caught by a regular vacuum cleaner filter, but with a high probability it will quickly become unusable. In addition, it will not be superfluous to remove liquid waste.

The cyclone filter uses an aerodynamic swirl to bind the specks different sizes. Spinning in a circle, the garbage manages to stick together to such a consistency that it can no longer be carried away by the air flow and settles at the bottom. This effect almost always occurs if the air flow passes through a cylindrical container at a sufficient speed.

Such filters are included in the kit of many industrial vacuum cleaners, but their cost cannot be called affordable for the layman. At the same time, the range of problems solved with the help of homemade devices, not at all anymore. A handicraft cyclone can be used both in conjunction with planers, perforators or jigsaws, and for removing sawdust or chips from various types of machines. In the end, even simple cleaning with such a device is much easier, because the bulk of dust and debris settles in a container, from where it can be easily removed.

Difference Between Wet and Dry Cyclone

To create a swirling flow, the main requirement is that the air entering the tank does not follow the shortest path to the exhaust port. To do this, the inlet pipe must have a special shape and be directed either to the bottom of the tank or tangentially to the walls. The exhaust channel, according to a similar principle, is recommended to be made rotatable, optimally if it is directed towards the cover of the device. The increase in aerodynamic drag due to pipe bends can be neglected.

As already mentioned, the cyclone filter has the potential to remove liquid waste as well. With a liquid, everything is somewhat more complicated: the air in the pipe and the cyclone is partially rarefied, which contributes to the evaporation of moisture and its breakdown into very small drops. Therefore, the inlet pipe must be located as close as possible to the surface of the water or even lowered under it.

Most washing vacuum cleaners air is supplied to the water through a diffuser, so any moisture it contains is effectively dissolved. However, for greater versatility with a minimum number of alterations, it is not recommended to use such a scheme.

We make from improvised materials

The most simple and affordable option for the capacity of the cyclone there will be a bucket of paint or other building mixtures. The volume should be comparable to the power of the vacuum cleaner used, approximately one liter for every 80-100 watts.

The bucket lid must be intact and hermetically put on the body of the future cyclone. It will have to be finalized by making a couple of holes. Regardless of the material of the bucket, the easiest way to make holes of the desired diameter is to use a homemade compass. IN wooden lath you need to screw in two self-tapping screws so that their tips are at a distance of 27 mm from each other, no more, no less.

The centers of the holes should be marked 40 mm from the edge of the cover, it is desirable that they be as far apart as possible. Both metal and plastic are excellently scratched with such a home-made tool, forming smooth edges with virtually no burrs.

The second element of the cyclone will be a set of sewer elbows at 90º and 45º. In advance, we draw your attention to the fact that the position of the corners must correspond to the direction of air flow. Their fastening in the housing cover is carried out according to the following scheme:

1. The knee is inserted all the way into the side of the socket. Silicone sealant is pre-applied under the side.
2. On the reverse side, a rubber sealing ring is pulled with force onto the socket. To be sure, you can additionally compress it with a screw clamp.

The inlet pipe is located with a narrow turning part inside the bucket, the socket is on the outside almost flush with the lid. The knee must be provided with another turn at 45º and directed obliquely down and tangentially to the wall of the bucket. If the cyclone is manufactured with the expectation of wet cleaning, you should increase the extreme elbow by cutting the pipe, reducing the distance from the bottom to 10-15 cm.

The exhaust pipe is located in the opposite position and its socket is located under the bucket lid. You also need to insert one knee into it so that the air intake occurs at the wall or make two turns for suction from under the center of the lid. The latter is preferable. Do not forget about the o-rings, for more reliable fixation and to prevent turning of the knees, they can be wrapped with plumbing tape.

How to adapt the device for machines and tools

To be able to draw in waste when working with hand and stationary tools, a system of adapters is required. Typically, a vacuum cleaner hose ends in a curved tube, the diameter of which is comparable to the nozzles for power tool dust bags. In extreme cases, you can seal the joint with several layers of double-sided mirror tape wrapped with vinyl tape to eliminate stickiness.

With stationary equipment, everything is more complicated. Dust vents have a very different configuration, especially for homemade machines, so we can only give a few useful recommendations:

1. If the dust extraction of the machine is designed for a 110 mm or larger hose, use plumbing adapters with a diameter of 50 mm to connect the corrugated hose of the vacuum cleaner.
2. For docking with a dust trap of home-made machines, it is convenient to use press fittings for 50 mm HDPE pipes.
3. When designing the dust collector cover and outlet, use the convection current created by the moving parts of the tool to greater efficiency. For example: a branch pipe for removing sawdust from circular saw must be tangential to the saw blade.
4. Sometimes it is required to provide dust extraction from different sides of the workpiece, for example, for band saw or a cutter. Use 50 mm sewer tees and corrugated drain hoses.

Which vacuum cleaner and connection system to use

Usually, a vacuum cleaner for a homemade cyclone is not chosen independently, but the one that is available is used. However, there are a number of limitations in addition to the power mentioned above. If you want to continue using the vacuum cleaner for domestic purposes, then at a minimum you will need to find an additional hose.

The beauty of the sewer elbows used in the design is that they ideally fit the diameter of the most common hoses. Therefore, the spare hose can be safely cut into 2/3 and 1/3, a shorter segment must be joined to the vacuum cleaner. The other, longer section, in this form, is refueled into the socket of the cyclone inlet pipe. The maximum that is required in this place is to seal the connection with silicone sealant or plumbing tape, but usually the planting density is quite high. Especially with the o-ring.

In the video, another example of the manufacture of a cyclone for dust removal in the workshop

To pull a short piece of hose onto the exhaust pipe, the extreme part of the corrugated pipe will have to be leveled. Depending on the diameter of the hose, it may be more convenient to tuck it in. If the straightened edge does not fit slightly on the pipe, it is recommended to warm it up a little with a hair dryer or an indirect flame of a gas burner. The latter is considered an excellent option, because this way the connection will be located optimally in relation to the direction of the moving stream.