What is the name of a large nightshade. We grow edible nightshade - black and yellow. The easiest way to get a beautiful front lawn

Nightshade is one of the underrated crops. Most of the gardeners undeservedly consider him only ornamental plant... But this is not entirely true - the topic deserves additional discussion.

What is it and what does it look like?

Nightshade (the name "solyanum" is also common) is one of the most interesting garden and garden plants... His appearance can be very diverse: there are tall grasses, shrubs of various sizes. But nightshade can also be a tree. Woody forms have different stem configurations: straight, recumbent or creeping. There is also a difference in the geometry of the leaves. Among them, along with the common ones, pinnately dissected specimens stand out.

During the formation of flowers in nightshade, they are grouped into various inflorescences:

• brush;
• shield;
• panicle.

There is not even a single "standard" for corolla color. They come in yellow, white, pink, and even purple. Everything is determined by the specific type of plant. This variety of appearance made nightshade extremely popular. decorative culture... Using various subspecies of it and combining them with each other, with other plants, you can create stunningly beautiful garden compositions.

Botany defines the fruits of the nightshade as real berries. They also differ in their graceful appearance, for the bright red tint the plant even received the nickname "coral tree". The culture is considered thermophilic, but it has no special claims to the type of soil. Nevertheless, experts advise to breed it on loose earth, composed of clays and loams with an alkaline reaction. Nightshade belongs to the vast family of nightshades, so its relatives are:

• pepper;
• potatoes;
• eggplant;
• tobacco;
• petunia;
• tomatoes.

In nature, this plant is found in the tropics, subtropics, partly in the temperate climatic zone. But outside of South America, chances of finding wild nightshade are slim. It should be noted that the prickly species (height from 30 to 100 cm) is a very aggressive weed. Other varieties are safe in this sense. However, they deserve a thorough discussion.

Kinds

Thorny nightshade is covered with completely strong, slightly yellow thorns, 5 to 12 cm long. These thorns cover not only the stem, but even the peduncles. One plant can form 60 or even 70 branches. The flowering period is in the summer and the first month of autumn. Fruiting period is approximately 1 August - 31 October.

The forming fruit is like a ball. These dry berries crack during ripening. There can be 180 berries per 1 bush (under favorable conditions). When the seeds are ripe, they do not germinate, but remain unchanged for 5 or 6 months. They are ideally sized for revitalization after wintering.

Seed germination of prickly nightshade lasts at least 7 years. They are easily carried over long distances by air currents and can suddenly settle on the site for gardeners. If this species is deliberately bred, it will have to be looked after with great attention, otherwise the soil will quickly become clogged with falling seeds. Soon 80 to 100% of cultivated and wild grasses in this area will be displaced, and it will not be so easy to bring them back.

False-pepper nightshade has another common name - "Jerusalem cherry". It is, however, misleading. This plant has nothing to do with cherries (except for the external similarity of fruits), nor with the Middle East. It comes from the island of Madeira. Wild thickets of pseudo-pepper nightshade have been repeatedly found on the Crimean peninsula.

Botanically, it is an evergreen dwarf shrub, mainly up to 1 meter high. The foliage is devoid of edging, belongs to the oval or lanceolate type. Flowering occurs in July and August. The flowers are not particularly attractive: they are small and discreet in appearance. The external beauty of the pseudo-pepper nightshade is revealed only with the formation of round, gradually reddening fruits.

Originating from Uruguay and southern regions Brazilian pepper solanum is somewhat larger than the pseudo-pepper subspecies. The difference in size also applies to the fruits of these plants. Young shoots on pepper-shaped shoots are distinguished by a grayish edge. The leaves are relatively short, flowering occurs in summer, and by the end of autumn, rich red berries are formed, slightly larger than a cherry.

Pepper-shaped nightshade has not only decorative, but also medicinal value... Like its false-pepper cousin, it can be used in indoor culture. Sunlight for him should be intense, but not falling directly. But the papillary nightshade got its name from the oblong endings of the fruit. Plant height can be noticeably more than 1 meter.

This species has leaves as soft as burdock. The relatively thick stem is densely covered with spines. The flowers of the papillary nightshade are small, painted in white or purple tones. Ripe fruits are orange or yellow berries with a waxy tint. It is worth noting that such a plant is quite rare, and this is its main drawback.

Red nightshade is a perennial dwarf shrub. It has large leaves. Stems of red nightshade are prone to woodiness. The fruits are bright scarlet. The plant is found in the wild, it has been repeatedly found in:

• Siberia;
• northern part of Mongolia;
• Himalayan mountains.

Bittersweet climbing nightshade is also a shrub with elongated creeping branches and slightly pointed foliage. It reaches a height of 30-180 cm. Flowers are painted in purple, and later, deep red fruits are formed from drooping brushes. Important: these berries can be considered edible only conditionally, since the alternation of sweet and bitter tastes is unlikely to please many people.

Bittersweet nightshade is used for hedges. In nature, it inhabits the shores:

• lakes;
• swamps.

It makes no sense to talk about the tuberous nightshade for a long time. After all, this is an ordinary potato, known to everyone from childhood. But the variety of species of this group does not end there. So, coastal nightshade is one of the climbing subspecies.

Quite true to its name, it inhabits sandy areas on the shores of lakes and seas.

The fluff makes coastal nightshade plants soft in appearance. Its leaves are green, with a bluish tint. In terms of the appearance of the berries, it is similar to the bittersweet type. In everyday life, the plant received the name “ Moon rock". But not a single botanical reference book or other official source uses this term.

Lobular nightshade deserves special attention. It is a highly developed perennial herb. Its height can reach 2 or even 2.5 m. The flowers are approximately the same in appearance as those of potatoes. The fruits are oval-shaped berries. They are not eaten due to toxic properties.

Lobular nightshade naturally lives in Australia, New Zealand and a number of subtropical regions of the world. In the post-Soviet space, it is found only as a cultivated plant (ornamental annual). Breeding for this purpose began only in 1955, for the first time the culture of lobular nightshade was bred in Romania.

The pharmaceutical industry is showing interest in this species, uses it as a raw material for the production of hormonal medicines.

It is worth mentioning the Rantonetti nightshade. It is an evergreen shrub up to 2 meters high, mainly used for planting standard trees. After flowering, small (up to 2 cm) heart-shaped berries are formed. Along with dark blue, purple flowers are also present. But it is worth noting that some breeders doubt that this culture belongs to the nightshade.

This kind of controversy does not arise around the Sunberry species. It was bred by the famous American botanist Burbank by hybridizing the European and Guinean varieties. It is an annual crop with a thick tetrahedral stem. Gardeners appreciate it for its dark berries, which are used in the preparation of jam and compote. There are no special requirements for growing Sunberry

How is it useful?

Give an unambiguous description of the benefits and medicinal properties nightshade is extremely difficult, because this genus has a good thousand species. Some of them have no practical value at all, many are used purely for decorative purposes. Nutritionists allocate only black (aka ordinary) nightshade. Important: when harvesting berries, you must mercilessly get rid of the stalks. It contains a number of toxic substances.

The chemical composition of black nightshade is well balanced. Thanks to ascorbic acid, it helps:

• strengthen immunity;
• improve the absorption of iron;
• intensify the action of some vitamins.

Glycosides are of great value. They not only help fight heart disease, but also suppress many serious infections. Regular intake of glycosides facilitates the fight against infectious pathologies of the digestive system. In addition, glycosides dilate blood vessels and increase phlegm waste.

Thanks to carotene, nightshade eliminates night blindness, and also reduces the risk of cancer.

The fruit contains manganese, which is very important for the full formation of connective tissue. It also improves the absorption of carbohydrates. Due to organic acids, nightshade berries:

• inhibit the development of atherosclerosis;
• optimize hematopoietic function;
• normalize the balance between acids and alkalis in the body.

The combination of calcium and magnesium helps to strengthen bones, slightly increases urine output and has a positive effect on the nervous system. Judging by the reviews, this combination improves sleep, reduces the risk of stress. The role of rutin (vitamin P) is threefold:

• prevention of varicose veins;
• reduction of bleeding gums;
• adrenal support.

Plant sugars provide replenishment of energy resources used by all organs, tissues and even individual cells. In addition, endorphins are produced from sugars. The use of tannins (tannins) is great. They stop bleeding and help heal abscesses, burns, and other mucosal lesions. With the help of tannins, it is possible to suppress viral skin lesions.

By consuming nightshade regularly, you can increase your insulin production while reducing your sugar concentration. This property is very valuable for patients with type 2 diabetes, as well as for everyone who is at risk. I must also say about quercetin. This flavonoid helps to cope with allergic reactions by blocking histamine.

Additionally, it is worth mentioning such valuable properties of quercetin as covering cells from free radicals and eliminating acute arthritic pain. Preparations based on nightshade and jam obtained from its berries are useful for:

• hypertension;
• gout;
• systematic constipation.

The choleretic effect of the plant reduces the likelihood of liver ailments. The role of nightshade is great in restoring the liver, which has been poisoned or accumulated excess fat. Doctors recommend supplementing with berries the intake of drugs intended for the treatment of cystitis and other diseases of the excretory organs. Of course, each combination must be selected individually: taking into account age, metabolism, concomitant pathologies, and so on.

The diaphoretic and antipyretic effects of nightshade allow it to be used for influenza and respiratory diseases.

The use of berries helps to reduce the severity of symptoms, make breathing easier, swallowing. The anti-inflammatory and anesthetic properties of the plant help to treat a number of diseases (they do not cure, they help!). The substances contained in the fruits relieve spasms and spasms of smooth muscles. Nightshade helps rejuvenate the body by enhancing collagen synthesis and helping to flush out toxins. Although nightshade jam is difficult to consider as a dietary food (it contains a lot of sugar), moderate consumption of it against the backdrop of strenuous training will definitely not hurt your figure.

Thanks to nightshade, the blood composition improves, a number of chronic pains are relieved. You can use it to combat worms of various nature. The benefits of this plant are also undeniable for:

• rheumatism;
• lichen;
• psoriasis;
• asthma;
• eczema;
• a variety of rashes;
• epilepsy;
• persistent rhinitis;
• headache.

Potential harm

The danger of nightshade is that it is a poisonous species (or rather, species). Only ripe black nightshade berries do not contain toxic substances. You need to pick the berries as carefully as possible. If the stem is touched, it is impossible to touch the skin with your hands, especially the face or eyes, as well as food products. We must first wash our hands.

Sort the berries as carefully as possible. If you consume at least one unripe fruit, you can get severe poisoning. Before starting the collection and when using nightshade, it is imperative to study all the recommendations given by doctors and biologists. It is strictly unacceptable to use this plant when:

• persistently low blood pressure (hypotension);
• weakness of the kidneys;
• pregnancy;
• lactation;
• acute liver disorders;
• diarrhea;
• regular flatulence.

How can the plant be applied?

For preparation for the winter in medicinal purposes use both young shoots and ripe fruits. Grass can be collected during the flowering period. First, cut off the top of the blades of grass (everything that is higher than 20 cm above the ground). The shoots must be carefully checked so that there are no damaged leaves and rotten areas. Drying is carried out in a thoroughly shaded area that is well ventilated.

The workpieces are constantly agitated and turned over until they are 100% dry.

Fruits are harvested from the first days of August. First, the berries are torn off along with the stalks. Then they must be washed in cold water, air dry. Only after drying are the stalks removed. The collected fruits are laid out on pallets or baking sheets. The containers are pre-lined with paper or cotton fiber fabrics.

Important: there should be only one layer on the pallet. Put them in the same way after drying on a wide baking sheet. Shock freezing in the freezer takes 2 hours, then the nightshade is poured into those bags or containers in which they plan to store. Sugar is added there (as much by weight as berries), and after 3 or 4 hours it is ground to a puree state.

The easiest way to prepare nightshade for food is by cooking jam. First, the fruits are boiled in sugar syrup. Alternatively, mashed potatoes are boiled when making jam. Freezing nightshade is also a good option. This recipe, among other things, ensures that the beneficial characteristics of the product are preserved.

But nightshade can be used to prepare dishes of various kinds (not just jam). The open pie turns out to be very good. For its preparation use:

• 700 gr. water;
• some dry yeast;
• margarine in a pack;
• 15 gr. salt;
• 60 gr. Sahara.

Sugar and salt are dissolved in water, to speed up the process, you need to stir it. Then the margarine is melted in a skillet and poured into water. Yeast is mixed with flour. Important: no egg addition is required. After kneading the dough, knead it twice as soon as it rises.

Jam can be used as a filling instead of berries. Additionally, 30 grams are put there. starch (thickening the filling). After laying out the dough on a baking sheet, relatively low sides are formed. It remains to sprinkle the filling with powder, made up of:

• 60 gr. Sahara;
• 30 gr. sunflower oil;
• 15 gr. starch;
• 100 g wheat flour.

An attractive recipe is green cabbage soup. Cooking begins by boiling meat broth. While it is boiling, cut carrots, onions and parsley into smaller pieces. Then they are fried in sunflower oil, put in flour and fried for 2 minutes. The nightshade foliage is boiled until softened. Then this product is passed through a sieve.

Roots, which are pre-fried (preferably in the same saucepan), are mixed with grated nightshade. Together they are diluted with broth and decoction of the leaves. Pepper is added to enhance the taste. Cooking will take 20 minutes. When 5 or 10 minutes remain until cooked, add sorrel and table salt in a saucepan.

The total product costs will be:

• 500 gr. young leaves;
• 500 gr. preferred meat;
• 200 gr. sorrel leaves;
• 1 carrot;
• 1 root of fresh parsley;
• onion head;
• 60 ml of sunflower oil;
• 30 gr. wheat flour;
• salt and black peppercorns to your liking.

You can make scrambled eggs with nightshade. The leaves are cut larger, then they are simmered in a frying pan in heated ghee. After filling with beaten eggs, the dish is brought to readiness in the oven. Readiness is assessed individually. The dish is served with a sprinkle of black or green pepper. For 1 serving use:

• 200 gr. leaflets;
• a couple of eggs;
• 50 gr. ghee.

Lovers of Armenian cuisine will be happy to prepare a salad. Start by sorting and washing young nightshade leaves. Then they are cut into larger pieces and placed in boiling water. Having let the leaves in it, throw them on a strainer and cool. Having transferred the product to a salad bowl, salt it, add table vinegar.

Cut the garlic head as finely as possible. To prepare this dish, you spend:

• 250 gr. leaves;
• 15 ml vinegar;
• 2-3 gr. garlic;
• black pepper and salt on your own.

Another option is curd pudding. 75 gr. leaves use 150 gr. cottage cheese, 15 gr. butter, 10 gr. sugar, 15 gr. semolina, 40 gr. low-fat sour cream, 5 gr. ground crackers. You will also need a couple chicken eggs... First of all, cottage cheese is ground, then mixed with raw yolks, ground with sugar. Then add salt, semolina, 50% warmed butter. The workpiece is mixed well.

Raw nightshade leaves are applied to this mass. They are preliminarily peeled and chopped smaller. When foliage is laid, egg whites are added, beaten until foamy. Mix everything again, put on an oiled baking sheet, 2.5-3 cm each (on top of a biscuit sprinkle). Leveling the layer, smear the dish with sour cream, sprinkle with crackers, sprinkle sunflower oil and baked.

It's also helpful to know how to make nightshade gravy. The dish includes:

• sorrel;
• nightshade;
• parsley (all these are leaves);
• a couple of pieces of white bread or loaf;
• a couple of egg yolks;
• 1 protein;
• 15 gr. sunflower oil.

Only fresh young leaves are needed for work. They are washed and finely flogged. Then the prepared mass is mixed with bread (soaked in milk) and a couple of yolks. One of the yolks is taken raw and the other is hard boiled. When the mixture is ready, add vegetable oil with a thin stream.

Season it all with lemon juice. Mustard, pepper, table salt, sugar are added. After them, chopped boiled protein is also added. The gravy can be used as an additive to cold meat, boiled eggs. But it is best compatible with various types of fish.

A very attractive recipe is dumplings with nightshade. It is simple, but at the same time allows you to experience an extraordinary taste. To prepare 45-50 pieces of dumplings you will need:

• 400 gr. quality flour;
• 200 gr. boiled water;
• a couple of eggs;
• 10 gr. salt;
• 800 gr. fruits;
• 100 g Sahara.

You can get ready for work in 19 minutes. The preparation itself will take 80 minutes. Experts recommend making this dish for breakfast. First of all, bread flour is sifted into a deep container (bowl). In a poured slide, a recess is made where you can break eggs, add water and salt.

Next, knead the elastic dough. Suitability criterion is minimal sticking to hands and table. After kneading it should "rest" for 30 minutes. Then they transfer the workpiece to the table and roll out "sausages" with a width of 6 to 8 cm. These pieces are cut into halves in length, and after boning in flour, they are slightly crushed.

Now you need to roll out the pieces of dough to the state of thin layers. On each of them put 15 grams. nightshade fruits and 7 gr. Sahara. By connecting the edges of the dough, dumplings are molded. Boil them in salted water. After surfacing, cooking takes no more than 4 or 5 minutes.

Some chefs prefer to make Canadian jam. First, the syrup is boiled, for which 2 kg of fruit are taken. The water is replaced with juice squeezed from 1 lemon. You will have to set aside the syrup 4 or 5 times during the cooking process. During the last cooking, juice from a couple of lemons is added, and after evaporation of the liquid, 2 or 3 mint leaves are laid. Following this, the fire is turned off.

A simpler recipe for jam involves pouring 600 gr. berries with syrup, which was boiled from 600 gr. sugar and 200 gr. water. The pan is left from evening to morning, waiting for the juice to come out. When the time comes, the berries should be boiled until softened. Grind them and put them to cook again.

The food is done when it has shrunk by 1/3 or more.

For information on how to grow nightshade at home, see the next video.

(Solanum nigrum L.) - a spring herbaceous annual up to 100 cm high. Its stem is erect, highly branched. Leaves are dark green, alternate, ovate, elliptical-ovate, or almost triangular, pointed, narrowed into a short petiole, angularly notched at the edges.

Young nightshade leaves can be used as spinach and in salads. Flowers are five-petal, small, collected in umbellate inflorescences. They look like potato flowers (after all, both of these plants are of the same family). The nightshade blooms from June to late autumn. The fruit is a berry, dark purple, almost black. Sometimes they can be yellow, green, or white. Nightshade bears fruit in July - October; not all fruits ripen. They taste good and can be eaten raw or used as pie filling. The opinion about their toxicity is wrong.

Black nightshade grows in garbage places, on the sides of automobile and railwayslike a weed in vegetable gardens. Prefers loose, moderately moist soils. It is quite rare in the Northwest. The nightshade propagates by seeds that germinate at temperatures above +10? С. Seedlings can appear from May to late summer.

In our nature, almost no one picks its berries, maybe because they do not know about their edibility, but rather because of their rarity. It makes no sense to start picking them because of 20 or even 100 berries. And another instance may not be found.

The aboveground part of the plant contains: glycoalkaloids solacein and solanein, alkaloid solanine, saponins, tannins, carotene, citric acid, vitamin C. And in ripe fruits - sugars, organic acids, tannins, vitamin C. Scientific medicine of our country does not use black nightshade ... But it is included in the pharmacopoeias of Great Britain, France, Turkey, Portugal and some other countries. In our country, nightshade is used only in homeopathy as an antidote for ergot poisoning. AT folk medicine it is used much more widely. For example, folk healers use an infusion or decoction of nightshade herb as a sedative for increased nervous excitability, for headaches, as an anticonvulsant, analgesic, wound healing for hemorrhoids, allergies, rheumatism, ear pain, cramps and pain in the stomach and intestines, to reduce blood pressure as an antiseptic. A decoction of nightshade herb is prepared as follows: 20 g of dry leaves are placed in 1 liter of water, boiled for 10 minutes. The broth is drunk 1 tablespoon three times a day. Pounded fresh leaves are applied to the abscesses for their ripening and on the swellings for their resorption.

Eating black nightshade fruit in food improves visual acuity. In addition, they have anthelmintic and mild laxative properties, help patients with hypertension, as well as atherosclerosis. With these diseases, take 5-6 g of nightshade fruits per day. A decoction of ripe fruits - (2 tablespoons of berries are boiled in 1 glass of water) take 1 tablespoon four times a day for stomach pains, enterocolitis, intestinal colic, urine - and gallstone diseases, edema, rheumatism, neuroses, eczema. In addition, nightshade helps with angina and diphtheria. The juice of its ripe berries is instilled into the nose for chronic rhinitis. Infusion of flowers is also curative, it has a diuretic, expectorant and laxative effect. It is prepared as follows: 1 teaspoon of nightshade flowers is brewed with one glass of boiling water and infused for 3-4 hours (more convenient in a thermos), drunk three times a day.

From the nightshade berries scalded with boiling water, you can make a filling for pies, cook jam and jam. They are a good food coloring for imparting color to processed products from lightly colored fruits and berries. The entire aerial part of the plant is a good insecticide against caterpillars and larvae.

In Western Europe and America, this type of nightshade was domesticated, and there are quite decent harvests of berries of cultivated varieties of black nightshade. This is the same Sunberry. Some of its varieties have already come to our country. Of course, there are many types and varieties of berries with a much better taste than nightshade, even domesticated. But he also has one indisputable advantage - he is an annual and gives a crop in the very first year. This is especially important for those who are just starting to develop the site. Someday the newly planted currants, gooseberries, sea buckthorn, and other bushes and trees will begin to bear fruit. And the Sunberry harvest for novice gardeners in the first year will be guaranteed. In addition, there is no need to discount medicinal as well as decorative beneficial features of this plant.

It's probably time for our breeders to start breeding domestic varieties of black nightshade, and experienced amateur gardeners could also take part in this work. Moreover, since it is an annual, the breeding of a new variety can be achieved rather quickly, in a few years. It is important that the resulting hybrids take unpretentiousness and stability from our wild parental forms, and from foreign varieties - the size of the fruits, yield and taste.

Vladimir Starostin,
candidate of agricultural sciences

SUNBERRY - MEANS SUNBERRY

He uncorked a jar of black nightshade berry jam, and an amazing thick aroma spread through the room. It seems that summer has returned and has forced winter out of the windows, painted with a patterned brush of frost.

Some unknown power lurks in the berries of this amazing plant... And every time you understand how correctly it is called - a sun berry. This is exactly how "Sunberry" is translated from English - the name of large-fruited garden form black nightshade (Solanum nigrum var berbankii ). This variety was bred by the famous American breeder - a kind of "American Michurin" - Luther Burbank (1848-1926). Crossing Guinea nightshade (Solanum nigrum var quineense ) - it is also called "African garden blueberry" - with common in Europe creeping nightshade (Solanum nigrum var villosum ) he got a completely new plant that does not occur in nature. He gave him two names "Sunberry" and "Miracle Berry".

This thermophilic plant (a relative of tomato, pepper and eggplant) gives an excellent harvest outdoors even in Siberia. Naturally, it must be grown through seedlings. I sow seeds in March in a box to a depth of 0.5 ... 1 cm. To obtain friendly seedlings, a temperature of at least 25 ° C is necessary. Shoots appear in 8 ... 10 days. In the phase of 3 ... 4 true leaves, I dive the seedlings into pots with a volume of 8x8x8 cm. The mode of raising seedlings is usual for nightshades. AT open ground I plant nightshade at the same time as tomatoes - around June 10. Plants are placed no closer than 70 cm from each other. On fertile soil with sufficient moisture, nightshade grows vigorously and reaches a height of 2 meters in early August. The stem is up to 3 cm in diameter and even woody in the lower part. It is clear that such a giant does not need support. There is no need to pinch him, so the move for the nightshade is not difficult. 15 ... 20 white flowers are collected in drooping umbellate brushes. Usually in nightshades, flower clusters form in the forks of branches or in the axils of leaves. American nightshade is an exception. His hands are laid anywhere, even on the trunk near the ground. The berries grow quickly and, reaching the size of a cherry, become black and shiny. But they need some more time to ripen. When they will slip in your fingers, then they are ready to use. The main crop ripens in September. Nightshade can withstand light frost. In mid-September, before the onset of stable cold weather, I either wrap the bushes with plastic wrap, or uproot them and put them in a greenhouse that is empty by this time - so they ripen well.

Fresh garden nightshade berries are stored for a month. They are used in food in processed form. They contain a lot of sugar and tannins, and less organic acids. This is the reason for the taste of the berries - spicy (reminiscent of blueberries), sweet, but bland. Therefore, it is good to add acidic components (quince fruits, semi-crops) to the jam, as well as flavorings (lemon mint leaves, snakehead, lofant, cherry, lemon and orange zest). The optimal ratio of sugar and berries is 1.2: 1. The berries are boiled down and a lot of syrup is obtained. By diluting the syrup with vodka 1: 1, you can make a wonderful liqueur of purple-raspberry color. Delicious and beautiful jelly is being prepared. For jelly, berries can be dried for the winter. Excellent dumplings and pies are made with nightshade. The filling for pies can be made from fresh berries, filling them with whipped cream made from egg white, sour cream and sugar.

Black nightshade berries contain many useful substances: ascorbic acid, carotene, glycoalkaloids, lipids, saponins, steroids and others. The use of berries in food helps with rheumatism and hemorrhoids, increases visual acuity, has an anticonvulsant, sedative, coughing, diuretic and mild laxative effect.

This is what the Sunberry garden nightshade is. And in the garden it is remarkable, and the harvest gives excellent - a bucket of berries from two bushes, and it will not linger on the table. Grow your nightshade yourself and have a lot of fun. If you do not know where to get the seeds, then I will gladly help. I send seeds of garden nightshade by mail throughout Russia and the CIS. The package contains more than 50 seeds (how many in the photo). Germination lasts 3 years.

Execution of the order in a week. More 200 other rare medicinal, spicy plants, vegetables, flowers and shrubs can be ordered from the catalog. Send an envelope with your address - in it you will receive a catalog for free. The catalog can also be viewed on the website www .sem -ot -anis .narod .ru or received by e-mail - send a request to E - mail: sem- ot- [email protected] mail. ru

Anisimov Gennady Pavlovich

634034, Tomsk, PO Box 343

mob. (MTS) 8913 8518 103

admin 15.11.2016

Nightshade is a fairly well-known annual herb that is actively used in folk medicine. Its other names are pozdnik, funnel and bzdnik. For many centuries, nightshade berries have been used for medicinal purposes. Before starting treatment, it is worthwhile to get acquainted in detail with its properties, characteristics and indications for treatment. With this information, treatment will pass with maximum benefit and without negative consequences for the body. Let's consider today the question of what is useful for nightshade, how it can be used in traditional medicine and what contraindications it has.

What does the black nightshade look like and where does it grow

The habitats of the nightshade are diverse; it is found in ravines, forests and even in vegetable gardens. The height of this herbaceous plant is up to 65 cm, with a straight stem, slightly curling. It blooms in small snow-white inflorescences, usually in July. Ripening occurs in late August - early September. Ripe fruits look like black, rounded berries, sweet in taste.

Nightshade photos

Nightshade fruits are fully ripe, usually by September. It is at this time that the harvest takes place. Black nightshade is common in Europe, Asia and North America. Often found in the forests of Russia and the Caucasus. This annual grows actively along the banks of rivers and lakes, on roadsides and wastelands. It is considered a real weed.

Types of nightshade

There are many types of nightshade. Several of them are most common.

Nightshade red found on the lands of Mongolia and in the Himalayas. it perennial with red fruits.

False nightshade grows in warm countries. Poisonous fruits ripen in autumn or winter and have a rich orange hue.

Black nightshade is a herbaceous annual. it poisonous plant, leaves and unripe fruits can cause serious harm to health.

Pseudocapsicum most often grown at home. This poisonous species is compact, does not require pruning and special conditions.

Thorny nightshade - a real weed plant. It got its name from the thorns that have grown on its entire surface. Even its roots and flowers prickle. Due to the peculiarities of the structure of the root system, this nightshade captures vast areas.

Curly nightshade bittersweet most common among climbing nightshade species. Looks like a bush with vines. The stems can be up to 3 meters long. This poisonous species is mainly prized for its decorative effect and is often used for decorating parks.

Why nightshade is useful

The usefulness of nightshade is mentioned even in the works of Hippocrates. This plant contains many useful microelements - vitamin C, carotene, some amino acids. Therefore, it has a positive effect on nervous system, useful, atherosclerosis, rheumatism and gout. Black nightshade - helps out well during acute respiratory infections, with otitis media and. In addition, it is used to heal lichens, abscesses, and cuts.

The main benefits of nightshade:

- astringent;

- diuretic;

- choleretic agent;

- blood purifier;

- anesthetic;

- an anthelmintic agent.

Nightshade is useful for the following ailments:

- metabolic disease;

- skin diseases (rash, urticaria, eczema and lichen);

- rheumatism;

- convulsions;

- psoriasis;

- inflammation of the urinary tract;

- kidney inflammation;

- prostatitis;

- epilepsy;

- chronic rhinitis;

- disruptions in the menstrual cycle.

The healing properties of nightshade

The healing effects of black nightshade berries are surprisingly varied:

- relieve dizziness and headache;

- relieve spasms and female recurrent pain;

- have a sedative effect;

- help to improve mood;

- help to cope with rheumatism and participate in strengthening bones;

- used as an expectorant;

- have a diuretic effect;

- reduce fever and remove toxins from the body.

Attention! It is important to remember that all the listed qualities of nightshade relate to the use of fully ripe berries. Unripe fruits are dangerous and contain poison.

How is nightshade used in folk medicine

Traditional medicine actively and varied uses nightshade. Jam is made from berries, tinctures are made and tea is simply brewed. For pains of various etiologies, tea from leaves is used. Take 1 tablespoon in a glass of boiling water and infuse for 4 hours. It is consumed cold for half a glass in the morning and evening. It is worth remembering about the strong diuretic effect. This is normal and should not be scared. In case of skin diseases, it is possible to take such a decoction of the leaves for 10 days, 3 times a day.

Nightshade for kidney disease

At this time, the balance of the skin is restored and the skin shines again with an even shade. Remove kidney stones, solve problems with bladder, colic and intestines can be steamed with boiling water ripe nightshade fruits.

This mild remedy helps to normalize digestion from the very first day of use. As a preventive measure, it is better to use the decoction for 7 days, in the morning.

Nightshade for hypertension

Hypertensive patients can eat ripe nightshade berries indefinitely. An excess of substances will not affect health or appearance person. Jam and jam can also be used in any quantity.

How to prepare nightshade

In alternative medicine active use found ripe nightshade berries and green stems with leaves. In unripe berries, corned beef poison is present, which disappears when fully ripe. Shoots with leaves are collected in summer season and dried in an open space. The shelf life of dried raw materials can be up to 8 years. The nightshade berries are harvested only in autumn, when they are fully ripe. The fruits are most often dried in special dryers or ovens. Also, they are often frozen and twisted with honey. Black nightshade berries can be used directly in food. On their basis, jam, jelly are cooked, and filling for pies is prepared. Also, ointments, infusions, decoctions are made from it. They use fresh berries and juice from the leaves. In pharmacies, you can find preparations based on nightshade or with its addition.

Is it possible to eat nightshade during pregnancy

For effective and safe use of nightshade, you should remember a number of contraindications. Most doctors agree that nightshade berries can be dangerous:

- pregnant women;

- nursing mothers;

- allergy sufferers.

On the other hand, there are situations where the perceived benefits of ripe berries are much higher than possible harm for future mother and the fetus. In this case, a pregnant woman needs to get professional medical advice and carefully monitor the reactions of her body to the use of nightshade.

Is nightshade good for children

Eating ripe nightshade berries is considered possible and even beneficial for children. The only exception is allergies or individual intolerance to this plant. In other cases, nightshade promotes harmonious growth and development of the child.

If a child accidentally ate an unripe nightshade berry, he must be given plenty of water or milk. It is believed that eating a lot of berries will not work due to their sharp bitter taste. In any case, you should seek professional medical help as soon as possible.

The use of nightshade in cooking - how to make nightshade jam

Many people remember the taste of nightshade jam from childhood. It was distributed in countryside... Black nightshade jam and jam are tasty and aromatic.

For classic nightshade jam, you need the following products:

Water - 1.5 cups;

Nightshade - 500 gr;

Granulated sugar - 500 gr.

The berries are gently washed with running water. Berries, sugar and water are placed in a saucepan at the same time. Cook over low heat until the nightshade softens. After cooling, the jam can be eaten immediately or placed in sterilized containers for storage.

What do tomatoes, eggplant, potatoes, and nightshade have in common? All belong to the same family. If everything is clear with vegetables, then the berry raises many questions. Some consider it a dangerous weed, from childhood they were taught to bypass it, others, on the contrary, are not afraid to use it in the treatment of various diseases or even use it for food. Meet: black nightshade, its benefits and harms.

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Solanaceae are impressive in their variety: there are more than 1,500 species of them. Classified differently, for example, by type of crops:

• agricultural;
• medicinal;
• decorative;
• room, etc.

Among this family are shrubs, trees, herbaceous plants. They can also be divided into:

• poisonous and non-poisonous;
• edible and inedible.

Of the wild in Russia, there are two types:

1. Nightshade red (sweet - bitter) - perennial. Very high from 4 to 7 meters. The flowers are purple, the leaves are oval elongated. All parts of it are poisonous, but there are also medicinal properties... It is used for treatment as a diuretic, wound healing, analgesic and anthelmintic.
2. Black nightshade.

Vegetable types of nightshade include:

• tomato;
• eggplant;
• physalis;
• melon pear;
• potatoes.

Medicinal species of this family:

• belladonna;
• henbane is black;
• dope ordinary;
• mandrake;
• tobacco.

Some types are used only in traditional medicine. There are also those that are part of the drugs of official pharmacology.

Decorative varieties delight with flowering. This type includes:

• petunia hybrid;
• scented tobacco;
• nightshade is sweet and bitter;
• jasmine and others.

Description

Black nightshade has several popular names: wolf berry, late, viper grass, mother grass. The Latin name is solyanum. The species is found throughout the territory of Russia, with the exception of the northern ones. Late - annuals herbaceous plant standing about one meter. The stem is straight, grassy, \u200b\u200bbranched at the top. Happens naked or slightly pubescent. The leaf is ovoid, slightly elongated, with a pointed end. The color is deep green, on the surface there is a pronounced venation.

The flowers are small, similar to potato flowers, they are found in white or blue-violet flowers, collected in umbrella-shaped inflorescences. Blossoming can be admired from June to September. The late fruit is berries. At first they are green and taste hot - sour, after ripening they turn black, the taste changes to sweet and sour, but bad smell remains. Fruit ripening July - October.

Is it poisonous or not?

Black nightshade berries are very common, whether they are poisonous or not - this is the question that worries children and especially their parents. The poison is in all parts of the plant, just in different concentrations. There are especially many poisonous components (dulcamarine, solacein, solanine) in grass, flowers and unripe berries.

The fruits are poisonous only as long as they are green, not ripe.

Can I have a late night?

Ripe berries can be eaten after heat treatment and raw. Raw nightshade smells very unpleasant, to get rid of the smell, it is treated with boiling water.

Where does it grow?

Pozdnik grows all over the world, with the exception of cold places, as it is thermophilic.

Solyanum is unpretentious, therefore it easily takes root both on fertile lands with abundant watering, and in arid steppes. Favorite places: forest edges, ravines, roadsides, orchards and vegetable gardens.

Weed or not?

Not all species of nightshade can be considered weeds. These include one species - prickly nightshade. A meter-long plant, which has yellowish thorns on the leaves, stems and peduncles. One bush gives up to 180 berries, each of which contains from 50 to 100 seeds. The peculiarity of the seeds is that they remain viable in the soil for up to 10 years. Can be carried long distances by wind. If not removed, it can displace all herbaceous crops.

Wild species are considered by many to be weeds because of the way they spread: with the help of birds that eat berries, or self-seeding. That is, they can appear where they were not planted and expected.

Collection and storage. Application

The collection begins in the month of July. Flowers and leaves are finished picking in September, but ripe berries in mid-October. Parts of the plant are dried on paper in a shady, ventilated place. Raw materials are stored in a semi-dark place. Shelf life up to eight years.

Ripe fruits can be stored frozen, dried, or ground and mixed with sugar or honey.

Medicines from solanum. Contraindications

Stems, leaves, flowers, berries contain healing propertiesare used in traditional medicine.

They are used to prepare ointments, bath products, tinctures, decoctions, compresses. Medicinal formulations are used for various diseases:

• angina;
• diphtheria;
• asthma;
• tuberculosis;
• skin diseases;
• atherosclerosis;
• rheumatism;
• gout;
• hypertension;
• scrofula;
• epilepsy;
• headache;
• cirrhosis of the liver;
• gastrointestinal colic;
• pancreatitis;
• inflammation and many others.

The use of drugs on a late basis is contraindicated in children, during pregnancy, with diseases of the liver and pancreas, low blood pressure.

If the following symptoms appear:

• severe nausea;
• vomiting, diarrhea;
• speech disorder;
• drowsiness;
• convulsions;
• violation of the heart rhythm;
• confusion in breathing, you must immediately start gastric lavage and call an ambulance.

In cooking

In cooking, only ripe fruits are used. Pies and pies are baked with berries filling. Few will be left indifferent by the nightshade jam. The recipe for its preparation is very simple: 1 kg of fruit is poured with hot syrup (1 kg of sugar and 2 glasses of water). Insists. Boil over low heat until cooked.

To make healthy jam, pour boiling water over the fruits and boil, then rub, add 0.5 kg of sugar. Let it brew. Cook until tender.

Caring for indoor nightshade

Two interesting room types. One is distinguished by its unusual fruit, the other's berries are used for treatment.

1. Nightshade papillary. Its main difference from others is bright orange-yellow fruits of an unusual shape, reminiscent of a cow's udder or a woman's breast. For this solyanum, you need to choose a spacious place, because its height reaches one meter. The stem is prickly, the leaves are fluffy. You can grow in a potted room or outdoors in the garden.
2. Pepper nightshade (angina) also belongs to the room. This is a perennial, its fruits are round, very similar to cherries. Leaves are rich green. The flowers are white five-leafed. Anginnik attracts with medicinal properties, helps with angina, it is enough to eat two berries a day.

They are unpretentious in care, if you follow some of the recommendations of flower growers.

Temperature

Homemade solyanum is thermophilic. A comfortable temperature for him is from +18 to +25 degrees. In autumn and winter, it is worth maintaining a moderate temperature of about +15 degrees. Then it bears fruit longer. In the summer, you can take the plant out to the balcony or garden, protecting it from the sun and wind.

Lighting

Photophilous, however, does not tolerate direct sun rays... It is better if the light is diffused.

Watering

During the period of active flowering and fruiting, frequent abundant watering is recommended, alternating with spraying with warm water. In summer, watering is needed more often, the cooler it is in the room, the less water is needed.

The air humidity in the room must be at least 60%. If the room is very dry, the pot with saltum can be placed on a pallet with damp pebbles or wet expanded clay, avoiding contact of the roots with water.

Top dressing and fertilizers

The plant is fed in the summer once every two weeks with a special store-bought fertilizer for flowering plants... In winter, one top dressing per month is sufficient, using half the dose recommended by the fertilizer manufacturer.

Pruning is necessary to "refresh" the nightshade, removing part of the main stem and yellowed leaves during rest (in winter), will accelerate its growth and improve its decorative effect.

Transfer

It is necessary to replant before intensive growth, that is, in early spring. Pruned by about 1/3, then replanted. The soil should be slightly acidic, loose, air-permeable. Be sure to use a drainage layer.

Reproduction

Two methods are used for reproduction:

• Seed method. The first option is the plant is planted in a wide pot. Then, after the fruit has ripened, it multiplies by self-seeding. After the ripe berries fall into the soil, the seeds germinate. The grown plants are carefully removed and transplanted into a separate pot.

• The second option is to plant pre-harvested seeds. Seeds are sown in a shallow pot with a large diameter over the soil. You do not need to deepen them, they are simply sprinkled with sand. Cover the container with foil or glass jar, the temperature for germination is 20-22 degrees. Sowing takes place in the spring.

• Cutting method. Held in spring or summer. The stalk is placed shallowly into moist soil. After germination, the shoot is pinched. Then it is shaped with a few trims.

Pests and diseases. Ways to fight

1. Whitefly - sucks the juice, populates all the leaves with its larvae. When they appear, the leaves turn yellow, curl and fall off. To fight apply chemicals... Spray them three times a day.
2. Orange aphids also attack nightshade leaves. Sprayed with either insecticides or soapy water.
3. The spider mite appears as specks and cobwebs on the back of the leaf. To eliminate it, it is necessary to humidify the air in the room, if this does not help, then use acaricidal agents.

Conclusion

Despite the prohibitions of parents, many are familiar with the taste of childhood - the taste of black nightshade berries. They are full of vitamins, the rest of the ground parts are just a storehouse of medicinal properties. Why not, having studied in more detail the dangers and useful properties of this plant, not plant it on your site?