Furniture production from scratch business plan. Equipment for the production of furniture production of furniture as a business. What taxation system to choose for a wood furniture business

The production of cabinet furniture is enough profitable business, since the demand for this species furniture stable throughout the year. For this business you will need:

1. Premises: workshop and office;
2. Employees: designer-technologist and furniture assembler;
3. Suppliers of materials and accessories;
4. Intermediaries to increase sales: furniture stores and design studios.

Depending on the planned volume of investments and experience in this area, you need to choose a way to organize production. Production can be organized in three ways, depending on the length of the technological process and the amount of investment:

• Full cycle production;
• Medium cycle production;
• Short cycle production.

A full description of the technological process is presented in other sections of this business plan.

To organize a private business from scratch, you do not need to try to cover all stages of furniture manufacturing. It is better to start with assembly from ready-made components in your own workshop. In this case, you will have time to build a system of work with a client, establish relationships with suppliers, research the market, and also develop a customer base. And as soon as the flow of customers becomes stable, it is possible to consider the possibility of expanding the business by covering other technological processes.

The range of cabinet furniture consists of office furniture (chairs, tables, racks, etc.) and home furniture (cabinets, wardrobes, chests of drawers, tables, chairs, stools, benches, etc.).

Initial investment - 640,000 rubles.

The average monthly profit is 86,615 rubles.

Break-even point - 4 months.

The payback period of the project is 11 months.

2. Description of the business, product or service

According to the companies operating in the market, the demand for cabinet furniture is distributed between office furniture and home furniture.

The range of offered products includes:

Office furniture: racks, cabinets, chairs, tables, cabinets;

Furniture for home: kitchens, dining tables, chairs, stools, cabinets, storage boxes, shelves, benches.

Due to the seasonality factor, the assortment may change. For example, in the summer, furniture is ordered in large quantities for relaxing in the country: benches, stools, tables. In autumn, the demand for school desks and chairs, racks for papers and documents increases. Demand for kitchens remains consistently high throughout the year.

The production of cabinet furniture can be carried out in three different ways, depending on the duration of the production cycle.

• First way implies the presence of a full cycle: from the manufacture of the material that acts as the basis for cabinet furniture (chipboard, chipboard, MDF) to the release of the finished product.
• Second way eliminates the material manufacturing process, i.e. Ready-made sheets of chipboard, fiberboard, MDF are purchased. It remains to cut them, make an edge and assemble until ready.
• Third option production is organized on the principle of a short cycle and includes only the furniture assembly process. Furniture is assembled from custom-cut chipboard, chipboard, MDF.

For organizing a small business from scratch, the best option is to work on the principle of a short cycle. In this case, there is no need to purchase expensive equipment, and the workshop works under a specific order.

Once you have established a customer base and the company has a steady flow of orders, you can expand production to cover other cycles. By this time, you will already have enough accumulated funds to purchase sawing and edge banding machines, which will allow you to increase the process chain.

The sale of finished products will be carried out in several ways:

1. Forming applications through your own office, which is also a showroom;
2. Through intermediaries: furniture stores, design studios. This way of cooperation will allow you to cover a geographically larger market;
3. Sales through an online store. Delivery in this case can be carried out by a third-party transport company.

3. Description of the market

Consumers of this type of business can be divided into three target groups:

Retail end consumers. These are the people who will use your furniture. They can be divided according to the age criterion and the frequency of purchases:

1. Young working people aged 25 to 30 who purchase furniture for the first time;
2. People aged 30 to 50 who update cabinet furniture in their homes and offices every 4-5 years.​​​​​​​

​​​​​​​wholesale clients. As a rule, these are private and public organizations that buy the same type of products in large quantities. This type of consumer includes schools, kindergartens, hotels, office centers, etc. As a rule, depending on the volume of the order, they are given a certain wholesale discount.

Intermediaries. These include interior showrooms and furniture stores. They are interested in long-term cooperation and work with you for a certain percentage of the order. Many of them exist in the showroom format, which allows them to host exhibition samples of their own products.

The competition in the market for the production of cabinet furniture is quite high, so you should not initially invest a lot of money in this type of business. The demand for your products will mainly depend on the quality, delivery time, as well as the price of the finished products. An important factor will also be the provision of guarantees for products within a year from the date of installation and start of operation.

The high level of competition is due to the fact that your competitors are not only the same private workshops, but also large companies. For example, the international network IKEA offers a large selection of cabinet furniture. However, a favorable factor is that with the appreciation of the dollar, the prices of Swedish furniture have increased significantly.

Let's highlight the main advantages that will allow your company to occupy a stable niche in the cabinet furniture business:

1. Work under the order. No need to organize a warehouse and store large stocks of materials;
2. The minimum set of tools. At the first stage, you do not need to invest in the purchase of expensive equipment;
3. Small staff. To get started, it will be enough for you to hire two employees in a permanent staff;
4. Availability of own showroom and exhibition samples in interior and furniture showrooms;
5. Possibility to change the range of products depending on the trend of demand;
6. Large selection of materials and accessories for customers with different income levels;
7. Creation of an online store with delivery in the region;
8. Manufacture of designer furniture according to author's drawings.

4. Sales and Marketing

Marketing channels

5. Production plan

Stages of creating a business for the production of cabinet furniture

Creating your own production consists of the following steps:

• State registration

To open a small workshop with a short cycle production, you can register as an individual entrepreneur. In this case, you do not need to open a current account and create an authorized capital.

However, if you intend to soon expand production and work with large suppliers and customers, it is better to register as an LLC right away. Optimal taxation system when working with orders coming from individuals- STS (15% income minus expenses). In this case, you will need a CCP installation.

• Rental of premises for workshop and office

Since at the first stages you will not need to install large-sized equipment, it will be enough to rent a room of 200 sq.m. At the same time, 150 sq.m. accounts for the workshop and warehouse, and 50 sq.m. to the office space, where exhibition samples will be presented, as well as workplaces for the designer and manager.

An additional advantage when choosing a room will be the opportunity to increase the rental area up to 300 sq.m. during a year. Subsequently, when increasing production, you will need additional square meters to organize a warehouse for materials and finished products, as well as a place for machines and equipment.

Room requirements:

• Non-residential premises

The most suitable for this type of activity will be a production facility. This is due to the fact that the work of the workshop is accompanied by a high level of noise.

• Ground floor, two entrances

You will need to organize two separate entrances: to the office and to the workshop. In the second case, it is necessary to have access roads for trucks.

• Three-phase electricity 380W.

Some equipment has a high power consumption. This needs to be thought out in advance.

• Absence of moisture and high humidity.

This is a fundamentally important factor. Since the main material for work is wood, high humidity will immediately affect the quality of finished products.

Stages of working with a client

The implementation of the order is carried out in several stages:

• Client's contact with the company

At this stage, the manager or leader identifies the needs of the client and draws up a list of pieces of furniture that he needs. Further, the designer-technologist begins to work with the client. He helps the client decide on the design of the product, the number and size of drawers, the material, color and texture of the facade, etc.

• Cost calculation, ordering

After agreeing on the type and composition of products with the client, the designer-technologist calculates the cost of the order. Then the manager or manager agrees this cost with the client, places an order, and takes an advance payment. The term of the order is indicated as standard and ranges from 30 to 45 working days. In this case, early production of furniture is possible.

• Purchasing materials from suppliers

At this stage, the manager or manager orders individual components from suppliers.

Main material. In its role is chipboard, MDF or solid wood. You need to order not only a sheet of the right material, but also its sawing to size and edge. You can place an order from one supplier, or you can purchase sheets separately from one supplier, and processing from another.

facades. Kitchen facades, as well as cabinet doors are separate furniture elements. Their main function is decorative, so the range on the market is huge. You can choose to work with several suppliers by comparing prices for specific products.

Countertops. They can be made both from laminated chipboard sheets, and from natural and artificial stone.

Back walls and bottom of boxes. These elements are made mainly of HDF, the color is selected according to the main material of the furniture.

Furniture fasteners. These are metal products that act as connecting elements: furniture corners, wooden dowels, eccentric ties, euro screws, etc.

Accessories and guides. This category includes furniture hinges, lifting mechanisms, door handles, legs for furniture, as well as guides for sliding doors wardrobes.

To compare suppliers of materials, two criteria should be followed: price and production and delivery time. As a rule, lower prices are accompanied by longer lead times. It is of fundamental importance for the company that all individual elements were made in one time, and also that the entire order as a whole was completed as quickly as possible.

• Main job: assembling the furniture body

This work is performed by the furniture assembler in the workshop. It accepts the delivery of components and assembles the main body of products. Small and mobile products are fully assembled. These include bedside tables, chairs, small tables. Large-sized furniture involves partial assembly in the workshop and final installation on the object.

• Delivery and installation of the finished product

This is the last stage, which requires the presence of an assembler and a supervisor. The manager accepts the finished work, transfers it to the client and receives full payment. The order is considered completed.

6. Organizational structure

To start the organization, you will need three people: a manager, a designer-technologist, a furniture assembler.

With an increase in the scale of production, the staff will be replenished. In the future, the composition of the state:

Working staff - an increase in employees up to 5 workers and a production manager;

Despite the fact that every city has a large number of furniture stores, there are times when people come to these enterprises and cannot find what they really need. When funds allow, I want to make an exclusive renovation in the apartment and furnish it with expensive, refined and practical furniture. In some cases, these can even be individual orders with their own sketches. That is why it makes sense to open a furniture production workshop.

It is worth noting that (like any other) you need to start only if you have a plan of specific actions. Therefore, in order to open furniture shop, it is necessary to draw up a business plan that will help resolve all issues related to the production and supply of cabinet and other types of furniture.

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What does it take to start a furniture business?

The furniture workshop implies the opening of an enterprise that will accept orders for the production of cabinet and other types of furniture from local stores.

It is worth knowing that the degree of success of this project can be assessed as high. This can be justified by the fact that the demand for furniture has been actively growing since 2000, by 15-20% per year.

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In what form should a company be registered?

It should be said that the organizational and legal form that is necessary for running this type of business is an individual entrepreneur (individual entrepreneur). This is due to the fact that consumers of the services provided will be private individuals. However, in the event that there is a possibility of having customers among legal entities, it makes sense to open an LLC (limited liability company).

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Performing market analysis in your city

The first thing to do is to analyze the furniture production market in your city, consider the level of competition, find shortcomings and shortcomings in neighboring furniture workshops in order to avoid them in your business.

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Selection of the necessary premises for the production of furniture

The next thing to take care of is finding a suitable room for a furniture workshop. It is worth knowing that at least two rooms are required. Of these, one will need to be allocated for the office, which will accept all orders from potential customers for the production of furniture, and the other - directly for the workshop in which the supplied products will be manufactured.

Tangent office - it is worth understanding that it should be located in good location where a large number of people will see it every day. A workshop can also be opened outside the city if this helps to reduce costs. However the best option will open two rooms side by side. You can often see that some companies have an office, a workshop, and a store selling finished furniture nearby.

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The choice of equipment and software that you need to start production

To date, the market for the sale of equipment for the production of furniture presents the products of a large number of different manufacturers (both domestic and foreign), while all machines can be easily integrated with the most common computer software for the production and modeling of furniture. The best of them are KZ-Mebel, Astra Cutting, Astra Furniture Designer and many others.

The minimum set of equipment that will be needed to start the production of furniture:

• jigsaw;
• milling machine;
• lathe;
• format cutting machine.

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What kind of employees are needed for the functioning of the furniture workshop

An important step is the selection of personnel for the future enterprise. It will be necessary to put a person who is well versed in computer programs for the manufacture and modeling of furniture in the office (point of acceptance of orders). At the same time, he must be sociable so that he can find a common language with any potential customers.

In the furniture production workshop, you will need to hire several workers who have experience with the main types of machines and materials. An important condition is that employees must be teetotal so as not to slow down the process of making and delivering furniture.

The main materials that employees should be able to work with: chipboard (chipboard) and MDF (fibreboard medium density).

If you plan to open a store selling finished products, you will need to hire another employee - a sales assistant.

Accordingly, the general list of workers that will be needed to start production:

• driver - 1 person;
• seller in the store - 1 person (if necessary);
• workers in the workshop - 2-7 people (depending on the size furniture production);
• designer-receiver of orders - 1 person.

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Question about the supply of manufactured products

The following distribution channels are possible:

• individual customers;
• furniture stores;
• own shop or showroom.

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Expenses that will go into the creation of this business

• rent of premises for a workshop - 300,000 rubles per year;
• office space (order point) - 100,000 rubles per year;
• premises for a shop or showroom - 200,000 rubles per year;
• purchase necessary equipment- 200,000-1,500,000 rubles (depending on the chosen manufacturer);
• consumables (300,000 rubles per year);
• payment for the work performed by the staff (at least 1,200,000 rubles per year).

Total: the total costs that will be needed to start furniture production are approximately 2,300,000-3,600,000 rubles. It is important to note that all calculations were made based on the pricing policy of Perm.

On modern Russian market production of cabinet furniture occupies a quarter of all furniture production. Small and medium-sized businesses consider this industry profitable and profitable - the demand for quality products is stable. Consider how much investment is required to organize your own furniture workshop, how difficult it is to lead the market, and whether it is worth it for aspiring entrepreneurs to try themselves in this area.

Demand for cabinet furniture is currently very high. In general, it is always quite high, but at present, the growth of interest is due to the revival of the new housing market.

At the time of buying new apartment or repairing the old one, the acquisition of new cabinet furniture is almost inevitable. This is the basis of any interior.

Cabinet furniture is all furniture made of solid modules, installed and fastened horizontally and vertically. This variety includes:

• cabinets;
• buffets;
• headsets;
• storage areas;
• racks, "walls", shelves, bedside tables;
• dining and writing tables.

At the same time in modern conditions one cannot complain about the lack of supply. Both small workshops and huge corporations actively sell their furniture. The furniture manufacturing business exists in a highly competitive environment.- this is the main reason for the closure of most start-ups. Therefore, before trying to realize yourself in this area, it is worth drawing up a business plan, analyzing costs and taking into account all the pros and cons.

Cabinet furniture is all furniture made from solid modules.

What materials are cabinet furniture made of?

How to start furniture business from scratch? First you need to find out what modern cabinet furniture is made of. The most common material is chipboard (chipboard) or medium density wood panel (MDF). Solid wood furniture is less common: it costs significantly more, so the demand for it is lower.

Chipboard furniture is much cheaper, as it is made, in fact, from glued wood shavings. Modern methods decorations allow you to give it a more expensive and solid look, while maintaining a low cost.

If you are planning to start the production of cabinet furniture from chipboard, you definitely need a reliable supplier of materials who will provide you with blanks for work at the right time and in the required volume. It is better to conclude a supply contract with a chipboard manufacturer, rather than purchase materials on demand yourself.

As for related fittings and other materials, it is also necessary to conclude contracts with reliable counterparties for their supply in order to avoid a situation where it is impossible to fulfill an order in due time due to lack of components.

How cabinet furniture is made

Before you start compiling a list of the necessary equipment and other costs for your enterprise, it is important to get at least a general idea of ​​​​the technological process of manufacturing cabinet furniture. Simplified, it can be described as the following cycle:

1. Preparation of the product design, determination of the shape and size of the components
   modules.
2. Production of modules in accordance with the product design.
3. Mounting hole preparation.
4. Section processing (film, veneer, laminated edge).
5. Collection of the finished product.

Any workshop for the production of furniture reproduces this technological cycle in one way or another. Its minor changes depend on the equipment available at the enterprise, production optimization, qualification skills of employees.

The speed and comfort of work depend on the quality of machines and other equipment.

What equipment is required for your own furniture production

Now consider what equipment for the production of furniture is necessary for a start-up enterprise. First of all, this different kind machines for furniture production:

1. Format cutting. With the help of this machine, modules of the desired size and shape are created from chipboard blanks. They allow you to cut panels horizontally and vertically, as well as at an angle without chipping, with exact observance of the required dimensions. Such machines are divided into varieties depending on the technology of feeding the workpiece: manual, semi-automatic and fully automated.
   

   For small productions, manual ones are suitable - they allow you to serve the required volume and at the same time are cheaper. With the enlargement of the enterprise and the transition to mass production, it is reasonable to replace them with semi-automatic or automatic machines. The price of such machines starts from 200 thousand rubles.

2. Edge banding. The name of this machine speaks directly about its function - processing the edges of the product. Several options for processing sections are possible: gluing decorative film, melamine edging tape, installation of veneer or wooden slats. For a new such car, you will have to spend at least 600 thousand rubles, for a used one - about 300 thousand.
3. Drilling and filler. Required for mounting hinges and mounting holes. The cost of such a machine starts from 300 thousand rubles.

In addition to machine tools, a modern furniture workshop should be equipped with:

1. Grinding machine - for polishing workpieces or finished products. From 2 thousand rubles, but for production purposes it is better to consider options from 10 thousand rubles.
2. Screwdrivers. There should be several of them, as each employee needs them. The purchase of screwdrivers will have to spend from 30 to 50 thousand rubles.
3. Perforator. From 10 to 20 thousand rubles.
4. Knives, drills and other cutting tools, about 20 thousand rubles.

Thus, only 1,200,000 - 1,500,000 rubles will have to be spent on equipment for making furniture and related tools. You can save money in several ways. For example, to purchase used equipment or to start leasing it.

When buying machines, new or used, carefully consider all associated warranties. good sign there will be a warranty service. Read customer reviews first. The quality of machine tools and other equipment determines the speed and comfort of work, and hence the quantity and quality of products.

Where to open a furniture production

The production of cabinet furniture for business purposes requires quite a lot of space. Conventionally, the entire space can be divided into zones:

• storage of blanks;
• installed machines/workplaces;
• collection and processing of finished products;
• storage of finished cabinet furniture.

A small business needs an area of ​​about 100 square meters. It is better to rent it in the industrial part of the city: it will cost much less. Make sure that the rented premises have convenient access roads for the delivery of materials and workpieces, as well as loading finished products. The cost of renting a room varies significantly depending on the region, but on average it will cost 100-200 thousand rubles.

For a small enterprise, an area of ​​\u200b\u200babout 100 square meters is required.

How furniture manufacturers work

The majority of furniture manufacturers, especially small businesses, prefer to make and assemble products to order. This approach is beneficial for both parties: buyers receive furniture of the right size, color and configuration, and the manufacturer spends exactly as many resources as necessary and does not work at a loss.

With this approach, one sample is made, which is exhibited in the store with an indication that the copy for sale will be made taking into account the wishes of the client. The main thing with this approach is to make furniture quickly enough and offer customers maximum number options.

Whom to hire

The basis of the furniture enterprise will be workers, mainly carpenters, whose task is to directly manufacture samples and products to order. The number of workers depends on the volume of production, for a small workshop, 2-4 people are enough.

A sales manager is needed to find channels for selling products, interact with customers and collect orders. This specialist negotiates with furniture stores, looking for customers in reality or via the Internet. May act as a marketer and work on the company's sales strategies. Purchasing manager performs reverse work- looking for suppliers, ensures timely delivery of components for production.

It is very good if it is possible to hire a furniture and interior designer (albeit at half the rate) who will design sample designs and recommend diversified solutions for customers.

When an enterprise assembles furniture according to the customer’s measurements, an employee is needed who takes orders and, if necessary, travels to the site and takes measurements (for example, for the manufacture of cabinets, “walls”, kitchen sets and shelving). This function can be taken over by a designer or a sales manager.

Advantages and disadvantages of the cabinet furniture business

How profitable would such a business be? Furniture is always in demand, but it is very difficult for start-ups to gain the upper hand over competitors. Therefore, before investing in organizing your own furniture business, carefully evaluate all the pros and cons of this business.

Strengths: high demand and self-realization

1. Cabinet furniture is always in demand, so the manufacturer of quality products will always be able to earn.
2. Relatively small investment in the enterprise. Of course, the initial capital for a furniture company cannot be called minimal. But, firstly, it is significantly lower than the capital required for most other industries. Secondly, investments can be significantly reduced by buying used equipment or leasing it.
3. The possibility of self-realization as a businessman or a craftsman who produces high-demand and high-quality products.

Furniture is always in demand, but it is very difficult for start-ups to gain the upper hand over competitors.

Flaws

The main disadvantage of the cabinet furniture business is very high competition. Such activities are carried out by small private workshops and huge factories. Startups find it hard to compete, many close after a year and a half of work, having suffered losses.

What gives furniture manufacturers an advantage in the market

Why do some workshops successfully operate in the cabinet furniture market for years, while others close after working for 12-16 months? The reasons can be very diverse, but there are several characteristics that unite successful companies:

1. good work with quality materials. By purchasing such furniture, buyers expect that it will serve them for at least 10-15 years and at the same time retain its “marketable” appearance. It is quite difficult to guarantee this when working with chipboard, so those companies that combine maximum quality with affordable prices are retained on the market.
2. Maximum attention to the wishes of customers, exact observance of dimensions, variability of colors and textures.
3. Manufacture of furniture of different price categories - for greater coverage of potential buyers.
4. Active advertising campaigns aimed at attracting new customers and loyalty programs for regular ones.

Conclusion

The cabinet furniture business requires an initial capital of at least 1.2 million rubles and a set of specific knowledge. A small business needs 4-6 employees. The competition in this area is very high and is explained by the steady demand among various categories of customers.

In this article:

The furniture business can be developed in two ways - to sell furniture already made by someone or to produce your own. But it is much more profitable to combine these two streams into one channel. And most simple option for the organization of own furniture production, it is considered the opening of a workshop for the manufacture of cabinet furniture.

What is included in the category "cabinet furniture"

Cabinet furniture is a piece of furniture that has a "box" design and is designed to be placed along the walls. This category includes: tables, racks, cabinets, cabinets, walls and other types of furnituremade from separate hard parts.

The production of cabinet furniture is regulated by the following standards:

• GOST 16371-93: Furniture. General specifications.
• GOST 19882-91: Cabinet furniture. Test methods for stability, strength and deformability.
• GOST 28105-89: Cabinet furniture and tables. Test Methods drawers and half boxes.
• GOST 13025.1-85: Household furniture. Functional dimensions of storage compartments.
• GOST 28136-89: Cabinet wall furniture. Strength test methods.
• GOST 26800.4-86: Furniture for administrative premises. Functional dimensions of cabinet compartments.

Analysis of the market for cabinet furniture

According to Rosstat, the production of cabinet furniture is the most demanded type of furniture business, which occupies about 25% of the niche of all furniture production. Today's consumer is well aware of what cabinet furniture is and why it is needed. At the same time, even the brand or the company's long stay on the market is not important - offer a lower price with decent quality - and your buyer is yours.

If you arrange consumer requirements in the form of a pyramid, then the lowest and most “weighty” tier will be the price, then the materials used, build quality, original design, and only then - the manufacturer's brand. Therefore, despite the huge competition in the cabinet furniture business, there is a place for everyone who can understand the desires of the consumer and predict fashion trends.

Who is a potential buyer?

According to the analysis of age characteristics, the target audience of cabinet furniture buyers is divided into two groups:

• young people under the age of 30 who purchase furniture for the first time;
• the older age category (40-50 years old), who buy new furniture to replace the old one.

The most demanded "representatives" of cabinet furniture are kitchens and walls for the hallway and living room.

Raw materials for the production of cabinet furniture

Cabinet furniture can be made from chipboard, MDF, solid wood. To reduce the cost of production and the final cost of the product, companies often combine these materials, for example, replacing expensive furniture panels in the wall area and partitions with chipboard or laminated fiberboard.

The easiest option to start production is to make furniture from double-sided laminated particle boards(LDSP). Why?

Firstly, there will never be any problems with the supply of such raw materials - chipboard is produced in plenty by both domestic and foreign manufacturers. Secondly, for the same reason (broad offer), it is possible to agree on favorable delivery terms (with deferred payment, discounts for large lots, etc.). Thirdly, the use of laminated chipboard significantly reduces the cost of production, since it reduces one stage - veneer or laminate veneer in the manufacture of furniture, which requires additional investment and makes sense only with large volumes of production.

For the selection of raw materials, it is necessary to be guided by the following indicators:

• thickness of chipboard boards (16-18 mm for external walls and 12 for internal partitions);
• density - compliance with GOST 10632-89;
• emission class according to 16371-93 - E1.

For the back walls of furniture, fiberboard (GOST 4598-86) can be used.

Features of the technological process for the production of cabinet furniture

There are several options for the technological process of manufacturing cabinet furniture. They can be divided into chains of various lengths:

• full technological process- from the manufacture of material for the hull base (chipboard, MDF, furniture board) to the finished product. This is the best option for mass and serial production, which can significantly reduce the cost of materials, but is very costly from the point of view of small businesses;
• medium - the manufacture of furniture, where the raw materials are finished sheets of chipboard, fiberboard, MDF - in fact, only cutting and assembly;
• short (assembly only) - the production of cabinet furniture is carried out from custom-cut chipboard, chipboard, MDF. This is the most popular option for starting a small business from scratch, which involves working on a specific order without buying expensive cutting equipment. Then, after developing an appropriate customer base and receiving serial orders, you can also think about purchasing your own cutting and edge banding machines in order to "lengthen" the process chain and expand production. This explains the relative ease of entering the furniture manufacturing business - in fact, it can be plan in any sequence of the production cycle.

The manufacturing technology of any cabinet furniture is divided into five main stages:

• Drawing up a project of the finished product in various planes;
• cutting necessary materials for details of future furniture;
• Drilling nests for fasteners;
• Facing trim edges (laminated edge, veneer, PVC film);
• Assembly of the finished product.

A detailed description of the technological process depends on the automation of production and the percentage of the use of manual and mechanized labor. The most progressive (and, accordingly, expensive) production is considered to be equipped with automated machines (CNC). The operator only needs to enter the dimensional data into a special computer program, design the desired product and give the “start” command.

In just a few minutes, the CNC machine will cut out the necessary walls and partitions of future cabinet furniture from clearly fixed materials, drill holes according to the development plan. It remains only to veneer the edges and assemble the finished furniture. But it is profitable to buy such lines in the presence of constant serial orders. It does not make sense to reconfigure the machine for each piece of furniture on an individual order. Therefore, consider for example the "golden mean" - the operation of a semi-automatic line of several machines with partial use manual labor.

To start such a production, you will need the following equipment:

1. panel saw with manual feed of materials;

2. edge banding machine for straight edges, concave and convex elements;

3. drilling and filler machine for making blind and open holes for fittings, hinges, dowels;

4. grinder;

5. screwdrivers;

6. perforator;

7. cutting tools (milling cutters, drills, knives).

Description of the production technology of cabinet furniture

1) After the development and approval of the sketch by the customer, a model of the future product is created using computer program , which can be installed on a regular laptop.

For example:

• Cutting- a program for choosing the optimal cutting of sheets of chipboard, chipboard, MDF with the least loss;
• PRO 100- a program for visualizing a sketch of a model in 3D, drawing up a design, constructing and calculating the necessary materials, parts and accessories for assembly.

But manufacturers of automatic and semi-automatic machines offer other types of programs already installed on their equipment, such as "UCANCAM V9", "ArtCAM", etc.

2) A plate of the material from which the product will be made is fixed on the machine, sawn into separate parts in accordance with the cutting charts.

If furniture is made from fiberboard - on this preparatory work and end - the parts go to the assembly. If we are talking about furniture made of chipboard or chipboard - rough blanks are subject to mandatory machining sawn edges;

3) Furniture parts made of chipboard come to the edge banding machine, where with the help of glue and pressure press slices of plates are faced with a laminated edge , PVC film, melamine or other edging materials;

4) Depending on the equipment of the machine, holes for fasteners are done:

• semi-automatically- on filler machines;
• manually, using rotary hammers and electric drills, using drawings with additive schemes.

6) After the holes are added, the product is ground along the edges (to smooth, remove the overhangs of the edging material in height and length) and sent for assembly;

7) Control Assembly using a hand tool helps to identify shortcomings and inconsistencies and eliminate them in the finished product. After that, the furniture is disassembled (if necessary), packed and sent to the finished product warehouse.

Estimated business plan for organizing the production of cabinet furniture

1. Project goals

The company plans to open a furniture shop for the production of cabinet furniture of the middle price segment.

Range: cabinets, tables, shelving, bedside tables. The production will be organized on the principle of an incomplete cycle: raw materials in the form of chipboard and fiberboard boards, as well as accessories, will be purchased from suppliers for further cutting according to patterns into finished panels, processing and assembling furniture according to the developed drawings.

2. Financing

To launch production, it is planned to attract the own funds of the founders of the LLC, which will reduce the payback period and give an advantage in the formation of pricing policy.

3. Target group of buyers:

• intermediaries - specialized furniture stores, repair and design studios;
• end consumers (retail) - people with an average income who prefer to update furniture every 3-4 years;
• end consumers (wholesale) - state-owned enterprises and state institutions, office centers, hotels.

4. Ways of implementation:

A) through a warehouse-shop in which samples of work will be exhibited and an office equipped to receive customers;

B) direct deliveries of furniture batches to private companies and government agencies; C) through dealer networks (including in other regions).

5. Advertising campaign

Advertising will be built with the expectation of the target group of consumers, for which the following will be used: media (advertising in the press of the relevant subject), the creation and promotion of your own website on the Internet, placement of advertising banners on websites dedicated to interior design and renovation of premises. It is planned to allocate 60,000 rubles per month for advertising purposes.

6. Organizational issues

For the legal registration of the business, it was decided to create a Limited Liability Company (LLC) on the general taxation system. This form makes it possible to work with both large wholesale suppliers and consumers, as well as retail buyers.

The following documents are required to register a company:

• information about the name of the enterprise;
• decision of the founders (protocol) on the opening;
• information about the director and accountant;
• details of the account opened for the contribution of the authorized capital (if the contribution is in cash), and the current account for conducting business activities;
• confirmation of payment of state duty;
• charter, indicating the amount of the authorized capital (at least 10,000 rubles) and such types of activities:
  • 36.12 Manufacture of furniture for offices and shops
  • 36.13 Manufacture of kitchen furniture
  • 36.14 Manufacture of other furniture
  • 51.47.11 Wholesale of furniture
  • 52.44.1 Retail sale of furniture
  • 52.44.5 Retail sale of wood products, cork and wickerwork
  • 52.61.2 Retail sales carried out directly by means of television, radio, telephone and the Internet.

7. Requirements for the premises for the production of cabinet furniture

• First floor,
• availability of all communications,
• three-phase electricity 380 W,
• access roads and loading docks,
• lack of moisture and high humidity.

It is planned to rent a room of 500 m 2 at a price of 240 rubles / m 2, broken down into 3 parts:

• office with an exhibition hall, with an area of ​​50 m 2 ;
• workshop for the production of cabinet furniture, with an area of ​​350 m 2;
• warehouse of raw materials and finished products - 100 m 2.

Total - 120,000 rubles / month (1,440,000 rubles / year).

8. Staff

To work in one shift (21 working days / month, including holidays and weekends), the following staff is required:

• director - 40,000 rubles / month;
• accountant - 35,000 rubles / month;
• customer service manager - 20,000 rubles / month;
• designer-designer - 25,000 rubles / month;
• master of production - 30,000 rubles / month;
• shop specialists - workers with knowledge of the main types of furniture machines and the features of working with chipboard, fiberboard and MDF boards (5 people for 20,000 rubles / month);
• auxiliary workers - (2 people at 12,000 rubles / month).

Total: 12 people.

Estimated Wage Fund - 274,000 rubles / month.

Payroll taxes (37.5%) - 102,750 rubles / month.

Total salary costs - 376,750 rubles / month.

9. Main and auxiliary equipment

Total cost - 423 950 rubles

10. Performance

It is planned to release products in the following volumes:

• pedestals - 100 pieces / month,
• tables - 100 pieces / month,
• cabinets - 100 pieces / month,
• racks - 100 pieces / month.

11. Calculation of the cost of production

According to the calculated data of the table of consumption of materials for output

and prices for materials

The cost of production will consist of the following material costs:

• consumption of materials,
• electricity,
• advertising,
• salary,
• depreciation,
• rent.

Pedestals - 18,354 (material costs) + 207.59 (electricity) + 94,187.5 (payroll + unified social tax) + 21,197.5 (depreciation) + 45,000 (other costs: rent, advertising) = 178,946.59 rubles /month.

Tables - 27,550 + 207.59 + 94,187.5 + 21,197.5 + 45,000 = 188,142.59 rubles / month.

Cabinets - 44,647 + 207.59 + 94,187.5 + 21,197.5 + 45,000 = 205,239.59 rubles / month.

Shelving - 19,210 + 207.59 + 94,187.5 + 21,197.5 + 45,000 = 179,802.59 rubles / month.

Total: 752,131.36 rubles / month.

12. Price

Calculation of the wholesale selling price per unit of production (cost per unit of production + profit margin):

Cabinets - (178,946.59 rubles: 100 pieces / month) + 25% = 2,236.83 rubles.

Tables - (188,142.59 rubles: 100 pieces / month) + 25% = 2,351.78 rubles.

Cabinets - (205,239.59 rubles: 100 pieces / month) + 25% = 2,565.49 rubles.

Racks - (179,802.59 rubles: 100 pieces / month) + 25% \u003d 2,247.53 rubles.

13. Revenue and profit

Revenue: 2,236.83 * 100 pieces + 2,351.78 * 100 pieces + 2,565.49 * 100 pieces + 2,247.53 * 100 pieces = 940,163 rubles / month.

Cost: 752,131.36 rubles / month.

Balance sheet profit: 940,163 - 752,131.36 = 188,031.64 rubles / month.

Income tax (20%): RUB 37,606.33/month.

Net profit: 940,163 - 752,131.36 - 37,606.33 = 150,425.31 rubles / month.

14. Financial analysis

Expenditure part

• material costs - 752,131.36 rubles;
• capital costs - 423,950 rubles.

Total: 1,176,081.36

15. Product profitability

(Balance Sheet: Cost) * 100% = (188,031.64: 752,131.36) * 100% = 25%

With the manufacture of 400 units of cabinet furniture per month, the payback of the project will be 8 months.

In this material:

How to start a furniture business from scratch? You can also meet enterprises that make furniture without equipment and some serious industrial premises. But the consumer is already tired of cheap walls and tables, chipboard furniture, which falls apart after a few years. Now there are more requirements for the manufactured goods. To meet them, you will have to open a full-fledged furniture production workshop.

Market Review

How to start furniture production? Before you open a furniture shop, tune in that small and medium-sized businesses in this area are characterized by specialization in something specific. You should not grab onto the production of everything in a row, but you should try to make every effort to gain a foothold in some narrow niche. This is a fundamental rule in the strategy of survival in the furniture industry. You can focus your efforts on your own production of the following furniture:

• case;
• soft;
• advertising;
• for trade organizations.

Advertising furniture is used to decorate points of sale and attract as many buyers as possible to a product or service. For trade organizations such as shops, pharmacies, shopping centers, salons, special shelves and showcases are required, on which the assortment will be displayed.

Furniture manufacturing involves a large number of specializations. You can focus your efforts on collecting some products with limited functionality, such as, for example, Euro pallets or computer tables, or you can make glass tables and cabinets, make furniture from a certain material - plastic, natural wood.

Furniture manufacturing as a business does not mean only the creation of goods. Services for the restoration of hull and upholstered furniture. These services are especially in demand among citizens with a low level of income, and there are a lot of such people in the country. The opposite direction is the restoration and restoration of antiques. In this case, the services will be in demand in regions that are economically developed.

An unoccupied niche in this market is the production of wicker furniture. It can be mastered by a small enterprise, however, wicker chairs, sofas, cabinets continue to be imported from abroad, leaving them in the high price segment.

An excellent specialization for small and medium-sized businesses is built-in furniture. In this case, it is required individual approach to every client. Large enterprises cannot satisfy individual requirements customers.

To understand whether it makes sense to start a furniture manufacturing business, pay attention to the development trend of related fields. If the real estate market is developing, foreign cars, the market for antiques and advertising services is developing and this dynamics can be observed in the next two or three years, you can start in this direction. On the other hand, there will always be demand for furniture: after its decline, the upward trend returns very quickly.

Organization of production

Where to start making furniture? Once you have decided on a specialization, you need to find a suitable room. The minimum required area that will be required is 200 m 2. Its rent will cost 1300-6500 rubles a year for 1 m 2. This range of prices depends on the region.

In Moscow and St. Petersburg, you need to tune in to the cost of 1 m 2 at 5-6.5 tons. per year, and in regions, especially economically undeveloped, it is quite possible to count on the lowest prices. The average figure is 3300 rubles per year for 1 m 2. Total rent will cost 650-660 thousand rubles. in year. If you manage to get a room for a long-term lease cheaper, it will be very good.

For equipment, depending on the specialization, you need to spend from 350 thousand rubles. up to 1.5 million rubles. This does not include the purchase of office equipment, software, a truck with which the furniture will be delivered to the consumer or to points of sale. You can buy both standard machines and entire production lines that are made to order.

Pay attention to the purchase of quality components. Immediately take into account that it is impossible to produce furniture that will be of high quality and competitive, while relying only on parts and accessories of domestic production. We will have to establish contacts with distributors of foreign companies that offer everything necessary for the production of furniture.

Decide in advance and make a list of component suppliers, conclude supply contracts:

• MDF boards;
• laminated boards;
• films on plates;
• paintwork materials;
• accessories;
• aluminum profiles;
• sliding systems.

On initial stage it is necessary to duplicate suppliers for each position. Diversify the assortment so that there is not only the production of furniture from chipboard. During the work, some of them will be eliminated, cooperation will continue only with some of them, which turned out to be reliable and profitable in the price range.

The next issue is staffing. The level of training of employees should be high, but it also requires high pay. You can organize your own training in the specialty, if you have the experience and qualified personnel for this.

The staff of the furniture workshop should include:

• master;
• assembly fitter;
• joiners;
• glazier.

The production workshop can be from 10 to 50 people, depending on the volume of production.

In addition to them, you also need:

• driver;
• Sales Manager;
• courier;
• storekeeper;
• designer.

The total payroll fund (payroll), if there are no more than 15 employees, is from 350 thousand rubles.

These calculations are valid for the general case. Depending on the specialization and scale of the region, they can change both downward and upward. For example, for economically underdeveloped regions, the wage fund will decrease, but for Moscow and St. Petersburg it will increase several times. Consider specific examples in the niches for the production of cabinet and upholstered furniture.

Production of cabinet furniture

The production technology of cabinet furniture includes the following:

• preparation of a project of a conceived product in different planes;
• work on cutting materials, the formation of details of the future product;
• work on drilling holes and sockets for fasteners;
• works on facing cut edges;
• final assembly of finished furniture.

This process depends on how automated it is. It is believed that the use of CNC machines reduces the percentage of manual labor, increases the automation of the process. The operator of such a machine only needs to enter the size data into the program, create the required product, and the machine, after starting up, will cut out everything that is needed in a few minutes. This method of manufacturing is considered advanced and high-tech.

The disadvantage of such production is that constantly reconfiguring the program for an individual order is considered an unprofitable exercise. Therefore, to work with individual orders the use of CNC machines is not suitable. The best option the organization of furniture production on several machines, which form a semi-automatic line with combined manual labor, is considered.

For such a furniture manufacturing workshop, you will need to purchase the following equipment and tools:

• panel saw with manual feed of materials;
• edge banding machine, with which rectilinear edges, concave and convex elements are lined;
• drilling and filler machine, which allows you to make holes - both deaf and open;
• grinding machine;
• screwdrivers and perforator;
• cutters, drills, knives.

With all this, you can count on the simultaneous monthly release of 100 units:

• cabinets;
• tables;
• pedestals;
• shelving.

Only 400 units of finished products. The expenses must include:

• for materials;
• for electricity,
• for advertising;
• for depreciation.

In addition, the cost of furniture production is formed by payroll and rent. The payroll together with taxes on wages is about 400 thousand rubles, rent - 50-55 thousand rubles. The cost of 400 of these products will be about 500 thousand rubles.

The cost of a table or cabinet varies from 2.3-3.3 thousand rubles, and the cost of cabinets and racks - 3.5-5 thousand rubles. Approximate income will be - 1160-1660 thousand rubles. The profit will be 590-1060 thousand rubles. per month. This is the perfect calculation. To get real numbers, the final values ​​can be divided in half, even if labor efficiency is high.

Production of upholstered furniture

The need for upholstered furniture among the population forms a sixth of the total furniture market, which makes this niche very promising and attractive for both medium and small businesses.

There is a trend towards the manufacture of sofas and armchairs to order, which enables small enterprises to successfully compete with large industries that will not chase an individual customer. It is just convenient for small and medium-sized businesses to produce small batches of armchairs and sofas.

For small and medium-sized businesses, this niche is also attractive because it does not require the purchase of expensive equipment.

The main operations are performed manually. Finally, such small and medium-sized businesses easily adapt to fashion trends and are ready to quickly fulfill an order, even if the novelty has just appeared on the market. For this, the factory needs a quarter to transfer the equipment and the technological process to the production of some specific models. A small workshop can only provide the customer with a whole line of models due to combinations of upholstery, accessories and material, thereby benefiting from exclusivity.

Its production of upholstered furniture requires the purchase of the following machines:

• combined - for wood processing;
• edged multi-blade;
• turning;
• milling;
• trimming;
• grinding.

Their total cost is 150-160 thousand rubles. In addition to machines, you will need drying equipment and pneumatic clamps, as well as hand tool, sewing machine and cutting tables. This is another 40 thousand rubles. In total, the technology for the production of upholstered furniture will require about 200 thousand rubles for equipment and tools.

In addition to equipment for production shop need to purchase and office equipment- office equipment and furniture with a total cost of 60-90 thousand rubles. This equipment allows monthly production of up to 100 sofas, each of which can be offered for sale at a price of 7.5 tons. The income of the enterprise will be from 750 thousand rubles.

The cost of own production of upholstered furniture is:

• FOT - 150-250 thousand rubles;
• rent - 50 thousand rubles;
• materials - 150 thousand rubles;
• electricity, utilities, internet, communications - 20 thousand rubles;
• advertising - 30-50 thousand rubles;
• unforeseen expenses - 40-60 thousand rubles

Total total production costs are 440-580 tons. The profit of the enterprise before taxes is 170-310 thousand rubles, and after - 160-290 thousand rubles. The real value of profit will be 1.5-2 times lower. The average payback period for investments in equipment and tools in this type of activity, if the efficiency is high, is considered normal from 4 months.

Take into account the production of facades. The number of enterprises that specialize in this is growing every year, but many manufacturers do not have high quality products. Buyers are ready to spend more money on high-quality facades, therefore, if the emphasis is on product quality, without striving to reduce the cost at the expense of it, then the production of facades can turn out to be a very profitable enterprise.

It will take 1.5 million rubles to open its own production. One piece of equipment, its purchase, delivery and installation will cost 1 million rubles. It is also necessary to provide for the purchase of raw materials for a month of furniture production, which will cost another 250-300 thousand rubles.

One person can work on the equipment, so the payroll will be small. In a month, such a furniture production workshop produces 400-500 m 2 of MDF facades. The cost of 1 m 2 reaches 1 tr. The income of such an enterprise is 400-500 thousand rubles. Expenditure - up to 200 thousand rubles. The initial investment will pay off in 8-12 months.

What to focus on?

How to organize your furniture manufacturing business in order to achieve high labor efficiency? First, safety precautions must be observed. Second: the staff should have a personal interest in high and quality production. Therefore, establish that the salary is formed from a fixed rate and a percentage for the work performed, and marriage is calculated from the salary. This will raise the interest of workers and improve labor efficiency.

After the work is established in the workshop, engage in an active search for customers. You can sell products both through retail chains in your city and in other cities.

It is very good if you have your own online store for the sale of manufactured furniture. If you invest in its promotion and contextual advertising, it allows you to increase sales several times, while advertising costs will be low.

Order a business plan

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