How to wash dishes without chemicals. Washing dishes with the eco sign The best way to wash dishes

Dishwashing detergents are highly polluting and harmful to health. We learned how to wash dishes without harming the environment. "Tips for a novice housewife" continues ...

All kinds of gels and powders smell, of course, wonderful. And the dishes seem to be washed well. But they are made from refined products, and almost all household chemicals that are sold to us are toxic. It pollutes the environment, and besides, it is not completely washed off the plates and pans, no matter how much you rinse the dishes.

Surfactants contained in detergents oh, they get into our stomachs, and there they behave in the same way as on the surface of the dishes that need to be washed - they corrode everything. Bottom line: gastritis, ulcers, allergies and a lot of other diseases.

Eco-friendly dishwashing detergents have now appeared in stores, but they are not always effective, and they are expensive. Meanwhile there is natural remedies with which you can perfectly wash a mountain of dishes. Most of them are in any kitchen, take and use.

It perfectly absorbs all the fat. Therefore, it is the best detergent for washing greasy dishes and pans. Can act different ways: dip a wet sponge into a saucer with mustard, apply it to the dishes, wipe the dishes with a paste of mustard and water. And you can dial in the sink or basin hot water, add a couple of teaspoons of mustard and wash the dishes in this solution with an ordinary sponge - everything is perfectly washed.

By the way, mustard can collect and not washed off chemicals from dishes. At the very least, it will wash them off much more effectively than just water. Therefore, some housewives wash heavily soiled dishes first with a small amount of detergent, and then douse with mustard.

Soda

It cleans pans and trays, washes away grease, deodorizes and neutralizes the acidic taste of water. Baking soda can be used to clean kettles, wash dishes like paste, and rub cutlery. But baking soda can scratch special coatings on dishes, such as Teflon. Therefore, it must be used selectively.

Baking soda can be added to a soap solution (made from laundry soap). It will further enhance the remedy.

In addition to baking soda, there is also household. It is caustic, although harmless, so it is better to use gloves when working with laundry soda. This soda is a stronger alkali than baking soda. In addition, its abrasive properties are higher. To wash smoked pans, you need to pour a glass of soda into the bucket, put the dishes in the solution and leave overnight.

Vinegar

It will not cope with fat alone, but it will help to disinfect dishes, destroy mold and viruses. It is for the purpose of disinfection that you can sprinkle washcloths and sponges for washing dishes with vinegar, add it to cleaning pastes.

Vinegar works well on staining glassware, for example, you can wipe glasses with it.

Laundry soap

A universal remedy especially loved by housewives. On women's forums, they even devote separate branches to him, consisting of declarations of love and enumeration of merits. Laundry soap can really replace a huge battery of funds household chemicals. Including dishwashing liquid.

Its advantage is that such soap is made from organic matter, it is not a petroleum product, so it does not pollute the environment. It does not add dyes, preservatives, fragrances.

Soap is well washed off the plates, does not leave a smell. It is used to make homemade dishwashing liquids or use it in its usual, solid form. In any case, laundry soap perfectly removes grease and other contaminants.

bamboo napkin

Such napkins are quite expensive, they are difficult to buy. But on the other hand, they perfectly remove grease and dirt from plates, even without any detergents, both environmentally friendly and not very. The wipes are easy to use - you only need to wash them periodically, and they will last for quite a long time.

Ash

A hard-to-reach tool, unless you are in the country or on a hike. From the fire or in the stove you can get as many excellent detergents as you want. Ash absorbs grease and also has a slightly abrasive effect, so it can be used to clean baking sheets or baking dishes. But, of course, you should not use it for Teflon coating.

The method of use is simple: pour a little ash on the surface to be washed, add a few drops of water and wash the dishes with the resulting paste.

By the way, ash can help if your enameled teapot or pan has darkened. It is necessary to fill the dishes 1/3 with water, pour water and boil it all for an hour. Then rinse the dishes.

Paste for cleaning pots, pans and other heavily soiled utensils

¼ bar of laundry soap (or remnants)

1 glass of hot water

1.5 tbsp soda

1.5 tbsp mustard

2 tbsp ammonia (4 ampoules)

Step 1. Grate laundry soap and pour half the water. Put in a water bath (or microwave).

Step 2 While the soap is melting, add the remaining water to it. You need to get the consistency of sour cream or gel.

Step 3 After the soap has dissolved, cool it a little and add soda and mustard. Mix.

Step 4. Add ammonia. Wear gloves when handling alcohol and open a window.

Step 5 Beat the whole mixture quickly with a mixer. The formed foam - to remove.

Step 6. Pour the resulting mass into containers with a wide neck and lids. This is done very quickly so that the volatile ammonia does not evaporate. Wait a few hours for the gel to thicken.

Mar 17, 2015 tigress…s

Many housewives every day, and not just once, have to wash a mountain of dishes. In supermarkets, in the departments of household chemicals, a wide range of products is presented to help speed up this process. It is generally accepted that they are economical, foam well, quickly dissolve fat, give porcelain, metal and ceramics a shine. Perhaps this explains the popularity of modern detergents.

But if you are not too lazy to read what substances are part of these miracle chemicals, then they will no longer seem so attractive to you. What's the matter? The fact that the composition of the dishware is close to washing powder, with which for some reason no one is in a hurry to scrub the pans. In other words, no kitchen product is complete without phosphates, surfactants, fragrances, preservatives and colorants.

It is doubtful that this "bouquet" is beneficial to the human body.

Why are dish detergents harmful?

Manufacturers promoting their products to the market invite us to close our eyes to health and safety issues and skillfully operate with the main trump cards: efficiency and economy. Thanks to such propaganda, even children know that concentrated products are good because they last for a long time. On the contrary, liquid products run out quickly, but they cost a penny.

We would like to remind you how surfactants and phosphates affect human health:

• First, they help weaken the immune system.
• Secondly, they adversely affect the skin and cause allergic reactions.
• Thirdly, they are one of the causes of diseases of the digestive system.
• Fourthly, the respiratory system also suffers from them.

It is impossible to reduce or neutralize this effect, since in fact chemicals are poorly washed off with water, even running water. To completely clean, for example, a fork, it must be kept under running water for at least 20 seconds. Therefore, the assertion that modern facilities save time, for no reason. By the way, they do not contribute to saving resources either: imagine how much water you need to spend to wash at least one set of dishes properly! Owners of counters will have a hard time.

But even if you do not save water and rinse each plate for at least 15 seconds, particles of harmful chemical compounds still remain on it. Subsequently, they enter your body with food and cause all of the above problems.

Scientists have calculated that a modern person willy-nilly drinks 500 ml of dishware during the year. People living in big cities are so accustomed to gas pollution, smog, emissions and dirty water from the tap that a certain amount of accidentally swallowed phosphates does not frighten them.

Those who care about their health sooner or later begin to wonder: “How to wash dishes without chemicals?”

How to safely wash dishes

For many centuries before the invention of "fast and economical" detergents, people somehow solved the problem of dirty dishes, and in some cases quite successfully. So what did they use?

mustard powder handles grease easily. Just sprinkle a little mustard on each plate, moisten it with water and wipe it with the resulting gruel. If you need to wash a large amount of dishes, then they should be placed in a basin with warm or hot water, and add 2 tbsp. spoons of powder. Dishes that have spent at least 10 minutes in mustard water are washed without difficulty. If the plates and pans are too greasy, use hotter water and don't skimp on the mustard.

Keep in mind that mustard is not the best effect on the skin: wash dishes with gloves.

Baking soda good for removing persistent tea or coffee deposits on the inner walls of cups, jugs, teapots. It degreases the surfaces of metal, porcelain and ceramic objects and cutlery. It dissolves deposits tiles, sink, chrome taps. Soda is also used to whiten teeth, adding it to toothpaste from time to time.

Distinguish between baking soda and soda ash. Nothing can stand against calcined: they clean plumbing and wash clothes with it. But you should still wash the dishes with baking soda. An exception can be made only for pots, basins or pans that need thorough cleaning. They are rubbed with soda ash, and then rinsed very well.

At the same time, one should not forget about gloves: soda ash is an aggressive alkali.

Laundry soap is a universal detergent with antibacterial effect. They do laundry and wash dishes. "Old-fashioned" soap is hypoallergenic: it contains only natural ingredients. It is based on animal and vegetable fats that are safe for humans. Such soap not only removes contaminants from the surface of dishes - it also destroys pathogens of various infections. If someone at home suffers from a seasonal cold or other contagious disease, his dishes should be disinfected with this particular remedy, which, by the way, is washed off with tap water without residue.

There are two main methods for washing dishes with laundry soap:

1. A sponge is lathered with a bar of soap. Dishes are washed with the resulting foam.
2. Soap is rubbed on a grater and poured into a special container. These "sawdust" are subsequently dissolved in the water intended for washing dishes.

furnace ash in the recent past was one of the few detergents available to the villagers. If you have an oven, then there should be no problems with washing dishes: just sprinkle wet plates and pans with ashes, and then wipe them with a rag or washcloth and rinse with water. Ash copes with plaque and fat no worse than soda and other natural remedies. It cleans boilers, cast irons, baking trays and other metal objects.

It is not recommended to use the ash formed after the burning of plastic, polyethylene, fabric and other waste for washing dishes. Only wood ash is suitable for this purpose!

As you can see, our ancestors knew very well how to wash dishes. We can also do without chemicals, since there are enough options: laundry soap is sold in any supermarket, baking soda and mustard powder. The owners of village houses can not spend money at all: there will always be ash in the stove.

Dishes, and they had never even heard of automatic machines. But with dirty cups, plates and fat in a frying pan, they coped no worse than modern devices. The question arises, how to replace bright expensive jars and is it possible to wash dishes with laundry soap, which costs mere pennies?

Criterias of choice

Despite the appearance of dishwashers on sale, not everyone has the means to buy it. And those who are not deprived of finances are sometimes in no hurry to purchase. They justify this step by saying that it is easier to wash one cup and plate than to wait for a whole set to be loaded.

And why spend money on expensive products designed for dishwashers, if you can quickly wash everything with your hands? In this case, how can dirt be removed and is it possible to wash dishes with laundry soap without losing quality?

On the shelves of hardware stores you can find a wide variety of products designed to destroy grease and dirt on kitchen utensils. The variety of prices and products is simply amazing. Sometimes advertising promises that the treasured liquid will cope with the problem in a matter of seconds without harming health.

The criteria for choosing when buying each person vary, but you should still adhere to the following tips:

1. The product should quickly cope with fat, but at the same time not irritate the skin on the hands.
2. Be thick enough and economical.
3. The liquid should be completely washed off, leaving no traces and streaks, and be safe.
4. Not the last role is played by the aroma, the appearance of the packaging and the cost.

It is better to choose fragrance-free dishwashing detergents if one of the family members has allergic reactions. In any case, before buying, you should feel free to smell the sample. If at the same time there are unpleasant sensations, then it is better to choose another product. Of course, it is difficult to find a product without preservatives and flavorings, so you should carefully study the composition on the packaging of laundry soap.

If the hostess is an adherent of folk remedies, then you can make soap yourself.

The composition of the brown bar

A reasonable question often arises whether it is possible to wash dishes with laundry soap. Certainly yes. Laundry soap, made in accordance with GOST, consists only of natural ingredients. No harmful surfactants or phosphates are added to it.

What is laundry soap made of? The basis is fats, oils of vegetable origin and sodium salts. Classic soap does not contain fragrances, preservatives and dyes. Therefore, you can not be afraid that the remnants of the product on the dishes will harm. Also, the soap solution is poured out without fear, because its composition is harmless to the environment.

The use of laundry soap can also be advised to allergy sufferers. At the same time, it effectively cleanses and even has a bactericidal effect.

Such a different laundry soap

On standard pieces, you can often see numbers, for example, laundry soap "72". They mean the percentage of fatty acids in a piece. You can also find other numbers that start from 65. Laundry soap "72" is the highest in terms of fat content. Efficiency and the so-called "soapiness" depend on it. This tool has a characteristic brown color.

Now on sale there are quite nice white pieces. Despite their aesthetic appearance, such soaps must be treated with caution. The point is that for effective appearance and a pleasant aroma, dyes and flavors are added to it. Therefore, such a composition of such a bar becomes unnatural. When choosing, you must carefully study the information on its packaging.

Another novelty is liquid laundry soap. However, such a product has nothing to do with the classic bar. If you study the composition, you can find not only dyes and fragrances, but also chemical elements. This product is suitable for washing clothes, but it is not recommended to use it as a dishwashing detergent.

Cons of laundry soap

Despite the advantages of a brown bar and the naturalness of the composition, this soap has its drawbacks. So, if hard water flows from the tap, then when washing dishes, soda should be added to the soap solution. Otherwise, there will be little foam, which will lead to a loss in the effectiveness of fatty acids.

Laundry soap also dries out the skin. Therefore, it is recommended to add glycerin to the prepared product or use special gloves. It is necessary to wash off the product from hands and dishes carefully, because sodium salts are not always safe when they enter the gastrointestinal tract.

Ways to wash dishes with laundry soap

The procedure is quite simple, it just requires some preparation. How to properly wash dishes with soap:

• it is better to arrange a sink in a small basin or sink with a cork;
• soap works better in warm water;
• washing dishes in hard water will lead to streaks and reduce the effectiveness of the soap solution, so you should add a little baking soda to the sink;
• rinse dishes only under running water, completely washing off the solution;
• if you want to remove fat from pans, it is recommended to first clean it off with a napkin.

Soot spots will disappear if you take a little water, grate laundry soap and put on a slow fire. After boiling, the burner must be turned off. As the water cools, the soot will gradually go away and it can be easily washed off.

Liquid detergent from laundry soap

Despite its effectiveness and low cost, many housewives are not ready to exchange convenient liquid dishwashing detergents for an uncomfortable brown bar of laundry soap. Therefore, you can prepare your own liquid, the composition of which will not contain harmful substances. The resulting gel can also be used as a detergent for washing children's dishes. You can use the following recipe:

1. Half of the bar must be grated on a fine grater.
2. Next, the soap needs to be melted. To do this, you can pour some hot water into a bowl, and put the solution in the microwave. Some heat soap in a water bath.
3. After that, you need to add another half liter of hot water, and then leave the solution to cool.
4. To protect the skin of the hands, add four tablespoons of glycerin to the soap. It is easy to find in any pharmacy. To prevent the product from spoiling, you need to add one tablespoon of vodka to it. The solution should be shaken well.
5. For convenience, it is better to pour the prepared home remedy into a container with a dispenser. For this, any bottle of store-bought liquid, thoroughly washed and dried, is suitable.
6. It is necessary to pour the prepared product while it has not cooled down yet. Then the liquid will become viscous, resembling a gel.

Useful Supplements

For greater efficiency some housewives use little tricks. So, if you need to get a detergent for washing children's dishes, you can add mustard to the solution. It helps to better cope with fat and has an antibacterial effect without harming the health of the child.

To remove stuck pieces of food and soot, experienced housewives advise adding coffee grounds to the soap. It should be noted that such a solution has the properties of a liquid with abrasive substances and is not suitable for cleaning Teflon.

To give a pleasant aroma, you can add a few drops of essential oil to the soap.

Paste for better cleansing

Laundry soap is tested by housewives and time. It can replace a large number of different means. Its undeniable dignity in the composition. Laundry soap consists only of organic components and is not a product of oil refining. Therefore, it is safe for humans and the environment.

From laundry soap, you can prepare both a liquid solution and a thick paste. It helps to get rid of fat and rinses well from plates and cups. Paste for washing dishes from laundry soap is prepared according to the following recipe:

1. A bar of laundry soap should be grated.
2. Stirring constantly, pour in a glass of hot water.
3. Then you need to add 100 g of soda, 10 g of glycerin, 50 g of mustard and a little lemon zest to the product.
4. The resulting paste must be thoroughly beaten and transferred to a convenient container. At first, the product will become like a gel, but after cooling it will turn into a paste. Some compare it with the famous "Palmyra", which our grandmothers loved so much.

When preparing detergent from laundry soap, you should not strive to maintain exact proportions. By experimenting, you can achieve the desired consistency and get the best result. Worked well as a fragrance essential oils. They are not only harmless, but also have different properties that help in the fight against pollution.

Grafova Polina

Research work on how it is better for housewives to wash dishes.

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Municipal treasury educational institution average educational school № 5

Regional competition for young researchers of the environment and school environmental monitoring.

Nomination: human ecology.

What is the best way to wash dishes?

4 G class

Leader: Berdinsky

Elena Leonidovna,

primary school teacher

MKOU secondary school No. 5

st. Gogol, 97

4 – 15 - 87

G. Slobodskoy 2014

Introduction 2

Chapter 1. Literature Review. 3 - 5

Chapter 2. Materials and methods of research. 6

Chapter 3. Results of the study and their discussion 7 – 8

3.1. Questioning.

3.2.2. Experience "Using a product that washes away fat in

Cold water."

3.2.5 Experience "Laundry soap is washed off the plates."

Bibliography. eleven

Application. 12 - 15

Introduction.

My grandmother ran out of dishwashing detergent. I went to the store with her. There was a huge selection of dishwashing detergents. Which one to choose?

This is how the topic came about. my research -"What's the best way to wash dishes?"

I hypothesized : the best dishwashing detergent is one that combines several qualities: it foams well, washes away grease from plates, does not dry the skin of the hands, is washed off the plate itself, inexpensive.

Target my research: explorewhat is the best dishwashing liquid. To achieve this goal, there were tasks :

1. Examine the literature on the research topic.
2. Select research methods.
3. Conduct experiments
4. Draw conclusions.
5. Give advice on the use of detergents.

My research was as follows plan:

1. Survey of adults.

2. Shopping

3 Experimental

4 Analysis of collected material

5 Compiling a memo

Chapter 1. Review of literature and information sources.

There was little literature on the topic of my research.

I read articles on the Internet from the AiF newspaper and an article by Y. Danchenko in the Novoye Delo newspaper No. 12 that modern detergents are harmful to human health, articles on the vsezdorovo website that talk about the use of laundry soap in everyday life.

I also used the materials of the book "Genealogy of things" (article Burovik K.A. "Soap") and the children's encyclopedia "I know the world."

An article by Pyatirikova Zh. “Patience and work will grind everything down” and articles from the Izvestia newspaper helped me find out how people washed dishes in the past.

I re-read some of the works of K. Chukovsky.

How did people wash dishes in the past?

The Indians in the stories of Seton-Thomson gave the dogs to lick the frying pans.

In ancient Korea, in the imperial kitchen, wood ash was dissolved in clay vats and heated to 45 degrees, then dishes were washed in it, rinsed in three boiled waters, adding lemongrass solution, coniferous solution. At the end, they simply rinsed in boiled water. Labor-intensive, but retained the exceptional taste of the products. [ 6 ]

The oldest villagers remember those times when the dishes were rubbed with brick chips. Even earlier, the dishes were washed with a solution of ash. Soda was good at scrubbing tea and other stains on cups and plates, soot on pots. Another folk remedy- nettle, which was instead of a washcloth. After it, it remained to douse the dishes with boiling water, and it shone like new. People who lived near water bodies used algae to wash dishes. Fat from dishes was easily removed with hemp leaves, a solution of mustard powder, hot potato broth. The pots boiled well with the addition paper glue and soda ash. Pots become like new again, only after boiling they should be washed well. [5] Remembering Chukovsky's "Fedorino's grief", we learn that it is good to wash dishes with the help of river sand.

“Oh you, my poor orphans,

Irons and frying pans are mine!

You go home, unwashed,

I will wash you with water.

I will sand you

I will douse you with boiling water ... "[ 8 ]

Many grandmothers washed and now wash dishes using laundry soap. It is good at killing germs.

Where did soap come from?

History of soap.

Historians claim that the predecessor of modern soap was familiar to the ancient Babylonians. Clay tablets found in Mesopotamia dating back to 2200 B.C. , contain detailed description technological process soap making. Ancient Rome, Egypt knew effective recipes detergents. The word soap comes from the Latin "sapo", the name of Mount Sapo in ancient rome where the ritual of sacrifice to the gods took place. Animal fat, which accumulated after the burning of the victim, was mixed with the ashes of the fire, washed off into the Tiber River. Housewives, washing clothes in this water, noticed that the washing process was much easier, things became clean much faster. However, a bar of soap received its modern composition only in 1808, thanks to the French chemist Michel Eugene Chevreul. It was he who developed the soap formula at the request of the owners of the textile factory. It turned out that the soap is nothing but the sodium salt of a carboxylic acid. Laundry soap is one of the types of detergents. It is obtained in the process of cooling soap glue. Animal and vegetable fats are used as raw materials for making soap, which is important for its use: such a product does not cause allergies, being environmentally friendly. , [ 2 ] .

Modern housewives most often use dishwashing detergents, because. it is believed that they are better at washing off fat from dishes, do not dry the skin of the hands, they are more convenient to use. Is it so?

Many women buy products with additives, taking care of the skin of their hands.

Unfortunately, scientists have found that the balm is easily washed off with water, without leaving on the hands and, moreover, without being absorbed into the skin. Glycerin, on the other hand, instantly dissolves in water, without even getting on your hands. [ 3 ]

Conclusion: “emollient” additives do not benefit the skin of the hands. In any case, you should wear gloves when washing dishes, since all detergents dry out the skin.

How the product itself is washed off the plates.

Experts say that the substances contained in dishwashing detergents are very harmful, because. detergents are listed as household chemicals. Dish detergents have approximately the same washability. And you can't test it at home. In addition, laboratory studies show that it will not be possible to completely wash off surfactants from plates - microscopic doses will still remain.

Once in the human body, they are destroyed, which leads to various diseases: gastritis, ulcers, allergies and others. How do these substances enter our body? When rinsing the foam from the detergent, we do not wash off all the detergent to the end. Despite the fact that we washed the foam itself clean. And the remnants of this remedy already with the next meal enters our stomach. To completely wash off the detergent from the plates, scientists advise rinsing the dishes 70 times. Since this is very difficult to do, for simplicity, you need to at least wipe the dishes with a towel. [3], [4].

Conclusion: all detergents are very poorly washed off with water.

What happens. Are we harming our body when using detergents?

Chapter 2 Materials and research methods.

Detergents: soda, laundry soap, Cinderella detergent ( 19 rubles 70 kopecks), means "AOS" (49 rubles 20 kopecks).

Research methods: experience, questioning, photographic fixation (a CANON camera was used for photographing), work with literary sources.

Equipment: petri dishes, reagents, phenolphthalein.

Chapter 3 Results of the survey and their discussion.

3.1 Questioning.

Employees of school No. 5 in Slobodsky participated in the survey. 9 people answered the question "How do you choose dishwashing detergent?"

Answers:

1. Cheap and cleans well. (1 person).
2. It lathers well and does not irritate the skin (2 people).
3. Cheap (3 people).
4. Rinses off dishes quickly and does not irritate hands (1 person).
5. Washes grease off plates (2 people).

(Annex 1).

3.2 Experiments to determine the best detergent.

3.2.1. Experience " The best remedy whatever is cheaper."

Target . Find out which detergent is more economical.

Location: school canteen.

Main part.

First, 1/3 can of cheap detergent was poured into the dishwashing tank. After washing the dishes, the kitchen worker told me that all the dishes were washed well.

The next day, at the same break, I poured a more expensive product into the tank, but 1/6 of a can. The kitchen worker said that this remedy is better, because. it could be used on more plates.

Conclusion.

It turns out that a more expensive product is more economical, it will be enough for more dishes. So the one who buys cheap remedy even losing money.

3.2.2. Experience "Using a product that washes away fat in cold water».

Target. Find out which detergent is best for removing grease in cold water.

Main part .

Poured on a spoon sunflower oil into the bowls. The first plate was washed with Cinderella, the second with AOS. Both plates were washed in cold water.

It turns out that the main component of all detergents is a complex of "surfactants" (surfactants). These substances interact with the fat on the surface of the dishes. They form compounds with fat particles that are easily washed off with water, leaving no residue on the surface.

Conclusion: any detergent easily washes away grease in cold water.

3.2.3. Experience "It is better to wash dishes with a product that foams."

Target. To know, Which product lathers better?

Main part.

I poured 100 grams of water into two identical saucers. On two identical sponges, a drop of the product was applied. Foam from "AOS" was 3 times more.

(Appendix 2).

But scientists believe that it is not necessary to evaluate the foaming ability of detergents, since the surfactant washes everything off perfectly without the formation of abundant foam - this property is used in powders for washing machines.

Conclusion: foam does not affect the quality of washing dishes.

3.2.4. Experience "How laundry soap washes away grease from plates."

Target. Find out if laundry soap washes grease off the plate.

Main part

Vegetable oil was dropped onto the plate. The sponge was soaked in water and lathered with laundry soap. I washed the plate in cold water with a sponge. There was no fat left on the plate.

Conclusion: Laundry soap washes away grease from plates.

3.2.5.Experiment "Laundry soap is washed off the plates."

Target. Check if the laundry soap is washed off the plates.

Main part.

Phenolphthalein was dropped onto a plate with foam from laundry soap (phenolphthalein changes color depending on the pH level of the medium. Thisacid-base indicator that changes color from colorless to red-violet, "crimson" (in alkaline), the foam turned pink. This plate was rinsed in cold running water. Again dripped phenolphthalein, the color has not changed. (Appendix 3).

Conclusion: Laundry soap is completely washed off with water.

Laundry soap costs 16 rubles, it's cheap. It washes away fat from plates, it is quickly washed off the plate itself. Disadvantage: dries the skin of the hands.

conclusions

1. Experiments carried out

It is best to wash dishes with laundry soap. It is economical, safe, high quality. Dishes washed with a bar of soap shine with cleanliness, no streaks or films. And, if someone is used to using liquid detergents, then he will be interested in the recipe that I found on the Internet.

To make a liquid, you need: 25 grams of laundry soap, 0.5 liters of hot water, 4 tablespoons of glycerin, 1 tablespoon of vodka.

Cooking method: grate soap, pour soap shavings with a small amount of hot water and set to melt in a water bath (or microwave). While stirring, gradually pour out all the water. After the soap is completely dissolved, let it cool a little and add glycerin and vodka, mix everything thoroughly. We collect the foam that appeared as a result of mixing from the surface.

The result was a liquid mass without unnecessary chemical additives. It is very convenient to wash dishes. But it takes time to make liquid. [ 7 ]

And you can put small pieces (remnants) of laundry soap into a bottle and pour hot water. After a few hours, thick dishwashing liquid is ready (my grandmother does).

I also decided to make a memo for everyone who washes dishes. (Appendix 4).

Literature

1. Burovik K.A. Soap: only facts // Genealogy of things - M .: Knowledge -1991
2. Burovik K.A. Orlova N.G. Wash with clay in the morning! // I know the world.

Children's encyclopedia - M .: Astrel - 2002

1. Danchenko Y. "New Case" No. 12 //www.polinadurandina.icnn.ru
2. According to the materials of the newspaper "AiF" // www.alhimik.ru
3. According to the materials of the newspaper "Izvestia" // www.alhimik.ru
4. Pyatirikova Zh. Patience and work - they will grind everything // www. womenclub.ru
5. Site in INTERNET // www.vsezdorovo.com
6. Chukovsky K. Fedorino grief//Collected works in two volumes - M.; True - 1990

Annex 1

Reasons for using detergents

Appendix 2

The amount of foam when using different detergents.

Appendix 3

Action of phenolphthalein.

Appendix 4

memo

So that in the pursuit of clean dishes you do not have to pay with your health and the health of your loved ones, follow a few rules:

1 Wash dishes only with gloves

2 Use laundry soap and soda when washing dishes.

If you are using detergent:

1) first drip the product onto a sponge or into water, but not onto the dishes themselves (this makes it easier to wash off).

2) Rinse each plate under running water for as long as possible.

3) wipe the dishes with a towel (this way you can remove up to 90% of surfactants).

4) Keep detergent bottles closed to prevent toxic fumes. Enough of the fact that you breathe them while washing dishes.

Annotation.

Research work "What is the best way to wash dishes?".

The purpose of the study: to study which dishwashing detergent is better. It can be used in the lessons of the world around 3rd grade in the sections "We and our health", "Our safety", on class hour on the aunt "Friends of Moidodyr" (grades 3-4), at the parent meeting on the topic "Our Health".

Abstracts for research work"The better to wash dishes."

Grafova Polina , Grade 4, MKOU " high school No. 5 "of the city of Slobodsky.

Head - Berdinsky Elena Leonidovna, primary school teacher.

My grandmother ran out of dishwashing detergent. I went to the store with her. There was a huge selection of dishwashing detergents. Which one to choose? Appeared problem: what is more important when choosing a detergent facilities

So the topic of my research appeared - “What is the best way to wash dishes?”

I hypothesized:

Target my research: to study which dishwashing detergent is best.

Tasks:

1. Study the literature on the research topic.

2. Select research methods.

3. Conduct experimentsto find out the similarities and differences on the example of some dishwashing detergents.

4. Draw conclusions.

Materials and methods of research

The object of the study is a variety of dishwashing detergents. Thisdetergents: soda, laundry soap, Cinderella detergent ( 19 rubles 70 kopecks), means "AOS" (49 rubles 20 kopecks).

Research methods:

Experiences;

Questioning;

Photofixation (for photographing, a CANON camera was used);

Work with literary sources.

Research results.

I started my research with a survey. I asked the employees of School No. 5: “How do you choose your dishwashing liquid?” The answers were different.

I studied the literature and information sources on this topic and found out:

1. "Emollient" additives do not bringbenefits for the skin of the hands. Unfortunately, scientists have found that the balm is easily washed off with water, without leaving on the hands and, moreover, without being absorbed into the skin. Glycerin, on the other hand, instantly dissolves in water, without even getting on your hands. In any case, you should wear gloves when washing dishes, since all detergents dry out the skin.
2. All detergents are very poorly washed off with water. Experts say that the substances contained in dishwashing detergents are very harmful, because. detergents are listed as household chemicals. Once in the human body, they are destroyed, which leads to various diseases. How do these substances enter our body? We do not wash off all the detergent to the end .. To completely wash off the detergent from the plates, scientists advise rinsing the dishes 70 times. Since this is very difficult to do, for simplicity, you need to at least wipe the dishes with a towel.

5 experiments were carried out. Thanks to them, I came to the following conclusions:

1. A more expensive detergent is more economical, it will last for more dishes. This means that the one who buys a cheap product even loses money.
2. Any detergent can easily wash off grease in cold water.
3. Foam does not affect the quality of washing dishes.
4. Laundry soap removes grease from dishes
5. Laundry soap is completely washed off with water.

Conclusions.

1. Studied 8 literary sources on the research topic.
2. Research methods have been selected.
3. Experiments carried out to clarify the similarities and differences on the example of some dishwashing detergents.
4. Based on the results of each experiment, conclusions are drawn.
5. Compiled a memo with recommendations for the use of detergents for washing dishes.

An impressive amount of time of a modern person is spent on washing dishes. On the shelves in stores, an abundance of bottles of liquid products that facilitate this work. To great joy, housewives are now concerned not only with the smell and price category of such products, but also with the impact on health: human and our planet.

Why are dishwashing detergents dangerous?

The main component of household chemicals for washing dishes is a variety of surface-active substances (surfactants), which determine their washing properties. Surfactants are divided into:

• cationic (CSAV)
• anionic (AS)
• amphoteric (amphoteric)
• non-ionic (nonionic surfactants)

These chemical compounds are extremely difficult to wash off from the surface of the dishes: one plate must be rinsed at least 15 times, completely immersed in clean water. Can you imagine how much water you need? (After all, even in nature studies classes at school, we were told how important it is to save water resources!) Even if the plate creaks after rinsing, this does not mean at all that the substances have been removed from the surface.

There are dissolved surfactants in the water droplets on the dishes. After drying, these substances still remain, forming a film on the surface. When we put food in this dish, the surfactants join the food and are safely eaten by us. There is a saying that a person consumes half a liter of dishwashing liquid in a year!

What consequences? Unpredictable. Synthetic surfactants in dishwashing detergents. When ingested, they cause gradual poisoning. It all starts with allergic reactions, and can end with the development of tumors in the gastrointestinal tract - the fact is that the decay products of many surfactants are carcinogens.

Not only that, when the surfactant comes into contact with the skin, the protective barrier is destroyed, the compounds are absorbed into the blood and are carried throughout the body.

Damage to the body is caused not only by the surfactants of detergents, but also by chemical flavorings and preservatives. When washing dishes, a person actively inhales fragrances, which, according to scientists, leads to many diseases of the respiratory system, including asthma.

sewage domestic water with surfactants dissolved in them cause great damage to the environment. Detergents with surfactants with a long decay period are more harmful. While the compounds decompose, they contribute to the waterlogging of water bodies, oxygen starvation of their inhabitants, and subsequently to the death of the latter. Therefore, the shorter the decay period of the surfactant, the safer remedy for ecology. The trouble is, manufacturers do not write the names of surfactants in the composition.

The most aggressive are anionic surfactants, although some of them have good biodegradability (up to 90%). Non-ionic completely decompose, that is, they turn into carbon dioxide and water, so they do less harm to the environment.

How to protect yourself from the harmful effects of dishwashing detergents

Of course, the less chemistry comes into contact with human body the better for his health. No one encourages readers to completely abandon detergents, but some tips can help reduce the harmful effect.

When washing dishes, it would be great to take care of the environment. To do this, choose safe means.

And also let's notice how much water we spend in the process of cleaning the kitchen? Using a special basin for washing and rinsing dishes will not only save you money on paying for water supply. This is one way to take care of what we have been given.