Ceiling fan by its own. Wall and ceiling fans are the simplest way to clean and cool indoor air. Main advantages and disadvantages

A ceiling fan has long been used to cool indoor air. Many people probably remember catering canteens, where it was simply impossible to do without this device in the hot season. Such a device is used in our time, albeit with some improvements and additions.

All about fans

Device

• An ordinary household fan operates from a network with a voltage of 220V and a frequency of 50Hz... The blades rotate with the help of an electric motor, which is located in a decorative plastic or metal housing.

• A typical ceiling fan has three or six blades, which can be made of plastic, metal, MDF and wood in different colors or patterns. This number of rotating elements ensures the aerodynamic properties of the module and corresponds to its intended purpose - air ventilation.
• Sometimes you can find a fan with two or, in general, ten to fifteen blades, but the aerodynamic properties of such devices are very underestimated in favor of design. Such a fan can rather be regarded as a decorative device.

• The bracket is designed to attach the blade to the moving part of the electric motor. Such components are usually made of metal.
• The ceiling fan module is usually attached to the ceiling only on a hook, which, in turn, can have different device. First optionThis is when the hook is fixed to a plate that is bolted to the ceiling and the J-pin can rotate in different directions. Second option provides a threaded hook that can be screwed into either the dowel or directly into the ceiling.

• To adjust the distance of the blades from the ceiling, the ceiling fan module is equipped with a bar that can be shortened to 0.25 m or lengthened to 1.5 m. For example, ceiling fan mr 1 from the beginning of the rod to the end of the case has a size of 156 cm. But in any case, one should not forget that the distance from the fan blades to the floor that can be allowed must be at least 230cm.
• There are usually two decorative caps on the fan - one above and the other below. Top cap closes the fastening device and lower - wires, capacitors and terminal box. There are also small decorative caps on the module that cover the bolts of the brackets and blades.

• Often there is a regulator on the fan housing that changes the direction of the air flow. - up or down (reversible fans). Such modules are also equipped with lazy-type switch cords, one of which is responsible for the actions of the blades, and the other for the lighting built into the fan.
• Ventilation is carried out in three or five-speed mode, and these modes can be controlled either with a lazy cord or with a remote control. The remote control also allows you to control the lighting that is built into the fan module.

Fan types and scope

• Ventilation on the ceiling can be used both for direct use and for room decoration. Modern ceiling fans allow you to combine these two requirements, and very often without prejudice to each other.

• Ceiling fans can be divided into two categories - those that are not provided. The first category can be quite varied, as the number of fixtures can vary from one to twelve. In this case, fluorescent, halogen or diode lamps can be used, and the power and color can also be adjusted from the remote control.
• The use of ceiling fans is most often found not in everyday life, but in administrative buildings and hospitals. Also, such a device is almost always in educational institutions and in catering points.
• At home, a ceiling fan is used in large rooms in the absence of an air conditioner, and sometimes together with it, using these devices in turn. Sometimes it is simply impossible to do without a ventilator, because conditioned air can be contraindicated from a medical point of view (asthma).

• Ventilation in the stretch ceiling is carried out in a slightly different way. There it is possible not to install the usual module on a long rod - priority is given to the built-in device. The exact same built-in fan can be used on anyone. So you can solve the floor clearance requirement (230cm from floor to blades).

Recommendations. Sometimes the use of fans is regulated by regulatory documents. So in regions with outside air temperature above 25⁰ C for premises with constant presence of people it is necessary to install a fan.

Fans should be installed on the ceiling to increase the air flow rate, from 0.3 to 0.5m / second. The requirements are established by SNiP for household and administrative premises (from 2.09.04-87, clause 4.6).

Conclusion

There are rumors among the population that an allegedly working ceiling fan is able to cut off a person's head, but this statement only brings a smile. The power from the impact of the blade is so small that it is not even able to damage the skin on the arm or at least leave a hematoma. In fact, using such a device brings freshness to the room by moving air currents around the room.

Fan installation is a delicate matter. Before making a fan with your own hands, you need to determine its installation location. The fact is that today two types of engines are used in the manufacture of a structure:

• collector;
• asynchronous.

The collector ones make a loud noise during operation, a spark occurs when it is switched. In addition, the movement of the brushes also makes a lot of noise.

Asynchronous motors, which are equipped with a squirrel cage rotor, are the exact opposite. When self-production fans, an element from the refrigerator can be used as a starting relay.

Fan manufacturing principles

When making a fan with your own hands, you need to consider some aspects, the most important of which is noise. To have an idea of \u200b\u200bthe work of the collector motor, you just need to remember how the Cyclone vacuum cleaner works, its volume is about 70 dB. Based on this, one should think about whether to use such an engine or not. In this regard, it is most realistic to use an asynchronous motor, moreover, when performing the simplest fan model, a starting winding is not required. And its power is low, and the secondary EMF is induced by the field from the stator.

The drum in an asynchronous motor has a squirrel cage rotor with cut copper conductors along the generatrix, passing at an angle with respect to the axis. It is this bias that determines the direction of rotation of the rotor in the engine. The copper conductors are not insulated from the drum material, as they have a conductivity that is superior to the surrounding material, and the potential difference between adjacent conductors is small. And in this regard, the flow of current flows through the copper. The stator and rotor are not connected to each other by contacts, and therefore a spark does not occur, since the wire is covered with varnish insulation. That is why the noise of an induction motor is determined by the following factors:

• the ratio of the stator and rotor;
• the quality of the bearing elements.

With the correct setting of the induction motor, you can achieve silent operation of the motor. Well, if we are talking about how to properly make a duct fan with your own hands, then you can allow the installation of a collector motor, but taking into account where the section will be located.

The duct fan is installed in the duct section itself and is located in the center of the duct. For this reason, when a fan is made in the air duct, the noise does not play a special role, since the sound wave, while passing the channel, attenuates.

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To make a fan with your own hands, you need to purchase a kitchen or bathroom fan model, the one that is mounted to the hood. A box from under it will also come in handy, and you will also need:

• scissors;
• grid;
• glue or tape.

Fan installation diagram.

The structure will be powered from the network, but consuming little electricity. To begin with, a box is taken, and a through hole is made in it. The design of the fan for hoods is cylindrical, it will also be the basis for the shape of the hole.

Subsequently, a fan will be installed in this hole. The hole is cut with a smaller diameter than the structure itself in order to make it more stable and safer. An opening is made from the side at the bottom of the box for the cord outlet. To prevent the fan from dangling in the box, you can put cardboard scraps into it, and fix it with electrical tape. For safety, a protective mesh is installed on the front part, where the blades are located. The denser the mesh in the mesh, the less likely it is to get under the blades. Making a homemade fan does not require large expenses, and if you decorate the box, you can get an additional element of the interior arrangement.

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USB fans: features

This model will not be easy to make. This is a great option for individual cooling when working at a computer. Such a device is obtained with sufficient power, and the energy consumption is not much higher. For the device of this design you will need:

• a pair of CDs for a computer;
• cord with USB plug;
• wires;
• an old motor, such as are usually installed on children's toys;
• wine stopper;
• cylindrical cardboard;
• glue and scissors.

The first step is to cut the disc into blades. The power of the air flow depends on the presence of blades, the more of them, the stronger it will blow, but the segments themselves should not be small.

Only one disc is cut, the second will be used as a stand.

To bend the blades, they are heated over a small flame and bent forward at an angle.

They should be facing the same direction. When the vane disc is ready, a plug is inserted into its center, and a hole is made in it.

In order to make the wire usable, the outer winding is removed from one end of the USB cable, under which there are 4 wires. The steam rooms can be separated, connected to a motor and insulated.

Read in this post:
Varieties of ceiling fans: what are they and where they are used
Ceiling fan: additional functionality
How to install a ceiling fan with your own hands: installation features

Summer heat makes a person look differently at their habitat - if in winter period few people think about the issue of lowering the air temperature in an apartment or house, but in the summer this issue becomes very relevant. Traditionally, it is solved by installing an air conditioner, but besides it, there are a number of other devices that can reduce the air temperature in a room - this is a fan, which can be portable, floor or ceiling. In this article we will talk about a ceiling device of this type - together with the website stroisovety.org we will study its varieties, get acquainted with their features and consider the question of how to install a ceiling fan with your own hands?

Installation of ceiling fans photo

If we consider the ceiling fan globally and do not enter into such differences as power and design, then all existing models can be divided into five groups.

1. Household ceiling fans. Their main difference is their attractive design. They can be used not only to cool the air in living quarters, but also in gazebos and in general where there is a roof or ceiling to which it can be attached.
2. Industrial ceiling fans. We can say that this is a complete antipode of household devices of this type - beauty and design here recedes a little into the background, and power, durability and reliability come forward. Such units are used in most cases in industrial workshops, warehouses and various public buildings.

   How to make a ceiling fan with your own hands photo

3. Street fans. Yes, it is difficult to find a ceiling on the street, but nevertheless such devices exist and they are installed either on special racks, or in gazebos and pavilions, the roof of which forms a frame for climbing plants... The main difference between fans of this type is the degree of dust and moisture protection - such fans are reliably protected from almost any aggressive natural factors.
4. Energy efficient ceiling fans. The only thing that distinguishes them from standard devices of this type are ultra-efficient motors with low consumption of electrical energy - their whole secret lies in the internal filling.
5. Universal ceiling fans. They can work in any type of premises and in any weather - with equal success they can be used both in workshops and warehouses, and in living rooms, as well as outdoors.

Naturally, these are not all the differences that ceiling fans can boast of.

For example, in a separate category can be distinguished combined devices of this type. For domestic and industrial needs, such devices often combine both a chandelier and a fan - for rooms this is generally an ideal option. In addition, almost all of the ceiling-type fan units listed above may differ in a different set of functionality - this should be discussed in a little more detail, which we will deal with further.

DIY ceiling fan photo

Ceiling fan: additional functionality

Before purchasing and installing a fan on the ceiling with your own hands, you should familiarize yourself with the additional capabilities of these devices - by and large, they are not small, and their presence will not make anyone worse. Quite the opposite - each additional quality will greatly simplify the life of the owner of such an installation. Some of the most commonly used fan add-ons include:

1. Remote control. There are no comments here, since a person has become accustomed to various types of remote controls for a long time.
2. Motion Sensor. This device allows you to turn on the fan when a person appears in the room - this sensor detects movement and starts the fan motor. In the same way, it turns off the device when the sensor stops detecting movement for a certain time.
3. Air ionizer - it is also sometimes called a fan for air purification, although this is not entirely correct. A special device saturates the air in the room with ions, due to which it acquires the smell of a thunderstorm or rain - thus the coolness is felt many times more.
4. Programmable timer - this device allows you to set the time for turning on and off the fan for 24 hours and seven days a week. For example, in order to save energy, you can program the fan cycle - we work for half an hour, rest for half an hour. Also, through this device, you can come home after work and at the same time get into a cool and ventilated room.

   Connecting a ceiling fan photo

5. The humidity sensor is indispensable when a ceiling fan is installed in the bathroom. You set normal humidity values, and the fan does not turn off until excess moisture vapor has been removed from this room.

All of these add-ons have one wonderful point - even if they are absent in the ceiling fan model you like, you can always buy them separately and integrate them into the device through simple manipulations.

For any electrician, this is a very simple matter. Alternatively, when purchasing this device for airing the room, you can order the necessary set of functional additions.

How to install a ceiling fan with your own hands: installation features

Have you ever installed a chandelier yourself? If so, then the solution to the question of how to install a ceiling fan with your own hands will not cause you a single problem. Everything is simple and clear to the limit, and the entire installation process of this device can be divided into two parts.

1. Fastening the fan to the ceiling. Everything is elementary here, and almost all available fan models can be attached to the ceiling in two ways - exactly the same as a chandelier. In one case, when the device is heavy, a hook mounting is provided. And in the second situation, a U-shaped or cross bracket is used. In the first version, a hole is made in the slab into which a special hook is walled up - as an option, you can use an anchor hook on which a ceiling fan is hung. In the second situation, instead of a hook, a bracket is mounted by means of special metal dowels, to which the fan is attached by means of two or four decorative screws.
2. Connect your device to electrical wiring... Here, too, the fan has few differences compared to the chandelier. You can even say that its installation is easier, since there is no need to break the light bulbs into inclusion groups - they simply do not exist. There are only three wires here, which must be connected to the apartment wiring. The first (green or yellow) is ground. If it is not in the apartment, then the wiring can be insulated and not taken into account at all. The other two wires are phase and zero, which must be connected to the corresponding wires in the wiring.

   How to install a ceiling fan photo

The situation with connecting a fan combined with a chandelier is somewhat more complicated. In principle, there is nothing complicated here either, if you figure out which wires belong to which device - usually this moment is marked, but if there are no marks, then everything can be determined empirically. In addition, every manufacturer who respects himself and his consumers completes his devices with instructions, according to which almost everyone can connect ceiling fans.

It should also be mentioned that there may be two schemes for connecting the fan to the power supply network - in one case they are connected to the wiring according to the chandelier principle (they need a separate switch), and in the other case they can be connected according to the sconce principle (they do not have a separate switch needed).

The disconnecting device is built into the fan and controlled by a remote control. Considering that consoles tend to get lost, it is better to resort to a connection scheme that involves the use of a separate switch - in this situation, you can use both the key and the remote control. It turns out a kind of universal option.

And at the end of the topic about how a ceiling fan is made with your own hands, I will say a few words about connecting a device with additional devices - they scare many people, especially if the fan is realized completely disassembled, which happens very often. Let's face it - if it scares you, then hire a specialist, and best of all, purchase a fan with an assembled electrical circuit. As a rule, such devices for airing premises have only a couple of wires at the output, which were mentioned above.

The author of the article is Alexander Kulikov

To create coolness in the room, engineers have come up with a lot of varieties climatic technology, among which the clear favorite is the air conditioner. But this device is quite expensive and requires certain conditions for installation.

The cheapest and most affordable alternative to an air conditioner is an ordinary and familiar fan. This device has a lot of variations and solutions: desktop, floor, wall and ceiling, bladeless, etc. In addition, it is a fairly functional device that combines high performance, functionality and attractive design.

Each type of such device has its own advantages and disadvantages. In this publication I would like to touch upon the topic of using ceiling fans for an apartment, house, hotel and other non-industrial premises.

A bit of history

The prototype of the first device that turns mechanical energy a fan, invented in ancient China, became into the air currents.

All devices that were subsequently used to create directional air movement were only an improved version of the fan operation. The breakthrough came in the USA in 1860 when the first two-blade ceiling fan was invented. To set the blades in motion, a system of belts was used, which were driven by a water wheel.

Due to the fact that this invention was the only salvation for the inhabitants of the hot climate of the southern states, fans on "water draft" gained immense popularity.

Varieties and types

All ceiling fans can be classified by function, impeller shape and position, and installation.

According to their purpose, such devices are usually distinguished into mixing and retracting. By the shape of the impeller, they are distinguished as axial and centrifugal. It is customary to call axial vane devices, and centrifugal - turbine.

Centrifugal fans, due to their design features, have large enough dimensions and are not used in residential premises.

The bulk of the models that are present on the domestic market of climatic equipment are suspended from ceiling slab, with the help of a special fixing or built into a prepared hole in a suspended or stretch ceiling.

Suspended devices for ceiling mounting

A modern ceiling fan is a device suspended or recessed into the ceiling, equipped with an impeller for creating an air flow or mixing air masses. The material for making the blades can be different: plastic, metal, wood and even glass. The device is set in motion by means of a built-in electric motor, with a supply voltage of 12 or 220 V, depending on the purpose.

Any modern ceiling vane fan is usually equipped with an impeller speed controller. Many manufacturers have significantly expanded the capabilities of a conventional fan by adding the following functionality:

• Possibility to work in reverse mode.
• Equipped with a presence sensor that turns on the device in the presence of a person and turns it off when there is no one in the room.
• Equipped with a CPP system (variable pitch propeller), in which the performance is regulated depending on the rotation of the blades.
• The presence of lighting built into the device.

The performance of such a device varies, depending on the angle of rotation of the blade and the speed of rotation of the impeller. On average, the rotational speed of a household ceiling three-speed fan is 110/170/2350 rpm. The hanging fans are fixed by attaching a J-hook mounting plate to the ceiling, at a height of at least 2 m 15 cm.

The scope of application of such devices is very large: apartments, cottages, office premises, children's institutions, shopping centers, hotels and catering places, etc.

Air handling units for ceiling mounting

The main purpose of such devices is forced air extraction from the room.

It is the purpose of such fans that determines their installation method. As a rule, all exhaust fans are built-in models that are mounted in a suspended or suspended ceiling, and are connected to the exhaust ventilation system of the house through a flexible duct. In private houses, quite often the air duct is taken out under the eaves of the roof, where it is connected to a decorative lattice.

The blades of built-in hoods are usually protected by a decorative grill and an insect screen, which makes them comfortable and safe to use. The advantages of such fans:

• From 3 to 5 speeds of rotation of the impeller.
• High performance with low noise level (25 - 40 dB.)
• The possibility of continuous use for a complete replacement of the exhaust ventilation system of the home.
• Nice design.

In addition, many models are equipped with automatic fan control units, infrared presence sensors, etc.

Most often, an exhaust ceiling fan is used for a bathroom or kitchen in apartments and private houses.

The first such device appeared in the United States at the beginning of the 20th century.

Since there were no alternatives to the fan at that time, there was high competition among the manufacturers of these devices. To win the competition, some companies fitted the models with lighting systems. This is how a fan chandelier appeared, which is successfully used today.

A modern chandelier-fan allows you to cool and ventilate the room, effectively combining the function of a lighting fixture. Such devices have from 3 to 11 lamps, which are part of the body or built into the blades, and practically do not differ in their functionality from conventional pendant models.

• They have several speeds of rotation.
• Can be used separately as a fan and as a chandelier.
• They can be switched on from the switch for overhead lighting provided in our apartments.

In addition, some models are equipped with remote controls and built-in dimmers.

You should be aware that such products are very afraid of moisture, so they are not intended for installation in bathrooms, showers, baths and saunas.

Most often, fan chandeliers are installed in living rooms, bedrooms and kitchens. In addition, these devices are very often used in children's institutions, hotels and office buildings.

"Do it yourself"

Our man is not used to spending money on something that you can do yourself. This fact leaves no doubt that with a little imagination and available materials, you can easily make a ceiling fan with your own hands.

However, to create such a masterpiece, you will need an engine and an impeller, not counting the wiring, fasteners, etc. The motor from the processor cooling cooler is pampering. It can be used for a desktop fan, as the diameter of its blades is not large enough to create airflow from the ceiling.

You can use the engine from the old washing machine, but if not properly secured, such a device can cause serious injury. You can use a motor and an impeller from a broken Chinese floor fan, whose weakest point is the rack. But we still do not recommend making this device yourself.

It is best to purchase a ready-made device in a store. This is not difficult given its relatively low cost.

Many users complain about vibration, which is more or less inherent in all devices that use the principle of rotation.

That is why the owners of such equipment often ask themselves the question: "How to balance a ceiling fan?" Balancing is performed using a special tool that, when rotating, shows where the impeller is overweight. In that place it is necessary to drill a hole to reduce its weight. Very much affects the vibration and the angle of rotation of the blades.

You should know that in order to create optimal air circulation with minimal vibration, the angle of rotation of the blades in relation to the horizon line should be 12 °.

Follow these instructions and you will learn how you can install your own ceiling fan. All you need to complete this project is a helper and a few simple tools.

Cut off the electricity

As a safety precaution, always disconnect the power supply before starting any electrical work. Make sure you affix a bold note on the current breaker box: "Do not touch. I work with electricity.".

Read the manufacturer's instructions carefully and assemble all necessary tools.

Install the support brace

Attach a support bar between the beams on the ceiling where you want to install the fan, as it can weigh up to 23 kg. If the ceiling is covered with plasterboard, the main ceiling must be accessed to attach the stability brace and cut a piece of drywall to fit the junction box.

Attach the fan bracket

After removing the lamp, attach the ceiling fan bracket by simply screwing it to the junction box with a couple of screws.

Determining the connection and installation of the motor

Identify the wiring that comes out of the box. In this case, work with bare copper wire, as well as black (phase) and white neutral (zero) wires. They will supply electricity to the fan. There is also a green wire that belongs to him.

Place the fan motor in the sleeve bearing.

Match the wires and attach the cover

Match the wires from the junction box with the wires from the ceiling fan following the manufacturer's instructions and twisting them. Secure the ends together with decorative caps.

Place the wires back into the junction box and attach the cover. Insert the screws through the keyways so that the cover is held in place. Then fasten the screws and thread the removable rim (trim ring) through them until they are completely closed.

The ceiling fan is considered a reliable, proven means of efficient air cooling and is an excellent alternative to expensive air conditioning systems. Despite the fact that the devices are quite popular and in demand all over the world, they have not yet found wide application in Russia and are just beginning to conquer the market.

Device and principle of operation

The first ceiling fan appeared in 1860 in the United States and was a two-blade device that was attached to the ceiling and was a real salvation from the heat. Ceiling fans are currently available in two designs.

• The first type is represented by axial models, the principle of which is reduced to capturing air masses by means of an impeller and their further advance along the axis of rotation. In this case, the intensity of the passage of air flows is ensured by the positive angle of attack of the incoming blades.
• Centrifugal models work differently. In such devices, air is entrained by means of oncoming blades and, under the action of centrifugal force, is pushed out in a radial direction relative to the axis.

According to their functional purpose, ceiling fans can be bladed and exhaust.

• Vane models consist of an electric motor, a plastic or metal housing, and an impeller, which includes an axle and blades. The fan is fixed to the ceiling by means of a strip, which is a decorative cover and covers the fastening mechanism. In addition, many models are equipped with a remote control function and are equipped with a remote control and switches.
• Exhaust devices also consist of an impeller and an electric motor and are additionally equipped decorative latticecovering the working parts of the device.

The operating principles of a ceiling fan and an air conditioner are fundamentally different from each other. And if the air conditioner provides a decrease in the internal air temperature to the set value, then when the fan is running, this indicator remains unchanged. The cooling function of the device is due to its ability to create a continuous flow of air, which ensures increased evaporation of moisture from the human skin and does not allow the body to overheat.

Maintaining a stable temperature regime is achieved by mixing cold downdrafts with warm masses going to the ceiling. For the ability to mix multidirectional air flows within the same room, ceiling fans are called mixing. However, in order to mix sufficiently impressive volumes of air, powerful work and a large blade span are required, which is why many devices are equipped with folding blades.

The second type of ceiling fans is represented by exhaust devices, the principle of which is as follows: a device installed in ventilation duct, discharges the exhaust air to the outside. As a result, a zone of reduced pressure is formed inside the room, which contributes to the active inflow of fresh air masses into the discharged space of the room. Air begins to be drawn in through the vents, windows and supply ducts, due to which a complete replacement of the entire air volume of the room occurs in a short period of time.

Some hi-tech models are equipped with variable pitch impellers. Thanks to such design features it is possible to synchronously change the angle of attack of the blades without stopping the electric motor. This significantly reduces room noise and allows more precise control of the intensity and direction of the air jets. In addition, many models are combined in a single unit with lighting fixtures, which significantly increases the functionality of ceiling fans.

Ceiling appliances work in summer and winter modes... In the first case, the fan serves to cool the people in the room, and in the second it contributes to a more even distribution of hot air when the room is heated by convector systems. The devices have a high level of protection IP 65, which allows them to be installed in kitchens, bathrooms, showers and other rooms with high humidity. In addition, unlike air conditioners, suspended fans can be installed on outdoor terraces and outdoor verandas. The noise level of most models does not exceed 30 dB.

Advantages and disadvantages

The growing popularity of ceiling fans due to a number of indisputable advantages of these devices.

• Low, in comparison with air conditioners, the cost allows you to equip the room with an effective cooling device, while significantly saving money. The cost of devices varies from 4 to 18 thousand rubles and depends on the functionality and power of the device.
• Complete harmlessness to human health also distinguishes ceiling models from air conditioning systems. It is impossible to freeze and catch cold under the fan, which makes it possible to install devices in children's rooms and bedrooms.

• Many modern models equipped with auto-reverse and motion sensors that allow the electric motor to start only when a person appears in the room. This reduces the idle time of the fan and significantly reduces energy costs.
• Ease of installation makes it possible to install the device yourself, without resorting to the use of special equipment and the invitation of specialists. In addition, the installation does not require approval from the relevant organizations.

• Combining a fan and a lighting device in one device significantly expands the scope of the unit and increases its popularity.
• A wide range of models with a wide variety of design options and colors makes the choice much easier and allows you to purchase a product for any interior style.
• Thanks to the possibility of installing fans on summer terraces and in cafes, the level of comfortable stay in them is significantly increased.

• Ceiling models, unlike wall and floor ones, do not take up much space and fit harmoniously into the interior. It is impossible to injure yourself about such a device, which is especially important if there are small children and pets in the house.
• Exhaust fans are able to quickly replace the entire volume of air in the room and get rid of it unpleasant odor burning and dampness.

The disadvantages of ceiling models include the rapid wear of the impeller, as well as the need for regular hygiene procedures to wash and clean the blades from dust, pet hair and hair. In addition, some models emit a certain noise during operation, which, however, is partially eliminated by adjusting the angle of attack of the blades and balancing.

Kinds

One of the main criteria for classifying ceiling fans is their functional purpose or, in other words, the place of installation. On this basis, four types of devices are distinguished.

• Universal models are designed for installation in premises of any purpose, as well as on open verandas of summer cafes and terraces. The products are often equipped with a remote control, lighting fixture and can be used both for cooling in the summer months and for circulating warm air in the winter.

• Domestic fans are designed for installation in apartments. The appliances are of medium power, often combined with a chandelier and produce little noise. Besides, household models possess beautiful design and are able to revive any interior.

• Outdoor models are equipped with increased protection against moisture penetration and are highly resistant to extreme temperatures. Such devices, along with universal ones, are designed to work in outdoor conditions and are distinguished by an anti-corrosion coating, high power and a long service life.

• Industrial appliances are characterized by increased power and a great work resource. Fans of this type are installed in factory halls, shopping centers and public places with a large number of people at the same time. Models, as a rule, do not have design delights and are made in a laconic style. In their production, special attention is paid to functional qualities, and the decorative component fades into the background.

How to choose?

The main criterion when choosing a ceiling fan is its power. The volume of air processed by each blade per unit of time depends on the value of this indicator. To accurately calculate the required power, you should use the universal formula: P \u003d Sx2, where P denotes the power of the device in watts, and S is the area of \u200b\u200bthe room in square meters.

After the required power has been determined, you can proceed to the selection of the standard size, which indicates the span of the blades and is indicated in inches. So, for a small room with an area of \u200b\u200b9 m2, a 30-inch fan with a blade span of 762 mm will suffice. Medium sized fans with 42´´ or 1066 mm impeller, designed for spacious bedrooms and children's rooms with an area of \u200b\u200b16 m2. In large rooms, the area of \u200b\u200bwhich exceeds 32 m2, choose models with blades of 52´´, which corresponds to 1320 mm.

The next selection criterion is the availability of additional functions. The most convenient models in operation are those with the ability to control the intensity of the blowing and are able to smoothly or stepwise change the speed of rotation of the impeller. Often such devices have a remote control and are equipped with a remote control. Some high-tech devices are equipped with electronic timers, which allow you to program the engine for a day or even a week. So, in hot daytime hours the fan will operate at maximum speed, in the evening - at moderate speed, and at night it will automatically switch to standby mode.

Movement and humidity sensors are also convenient options. They allow you to save energy by starting the fan only in the presence of people, and also automatically turn on the device when the humidity level rises above the set mark. In addition, many devices are equipped with sources of ionizing radiation and fragrances that saturate the air in the room with negative ions and a pleasant smell.

Popular models and reviews

The modern market for ventilation and exhaust equipment presents a wide range of models. Most of the devices meet high performance requirements and has many positive reviews, but I would like to highlight some of them separately.

• German fans Helios Ventilatoren are well known to the domestic consumer. Products are distinguished by their structural strength and durability of mechanisms, have a stylish appearance and can be used both in summer and winter. In addition, the units consume little electricity, which compares favorably with other known analogues. During operation, the devices practically do not produce noise and do not vibrate.

• Italian fans Nordic have only four blades and are distinguished by high performance, quiet operation and long working life. Many models are combined with a chandelier and equipped with a remote control.

• Russian ceiling fans Olympic Starenjoy well-deserved popularity not only in Russia, but also in neighboring countries. The models are distinguished by a patinated body, the color of which is reminiscent of aged gilding, and blades with a wood texture. The devices have a five-blade design and are combined with a chandelier, consisting of five shades. Moreover, the lighting can work both independently of the fan, and simultaneously with it. For all manufactured products, the manufacturer provides a one-year warranty, however, if correct installation and careful operation, the devices can last up to 10 years.

• Spanish Mini Eter models They can operate in six speed modes, they are equipped with a remote control, combined with a single lamp and have a two-year warranty. Due to their low weight, reaching only 5.3 kg, the devices are easy to install and can be installed on the light ceilings of open verandas and terraces.

• Italian model Vortice Nordik Evolution120 closes the top five and features a simple, laconic design and a long service life. The power of the devices reaches 72 W, which allows them to be installed in spacious living rooms and halls with an area of \u200b\u200bup to 35 squares.

The models listed above are most often mentioned in reviews of Russian consumers. An acceptable cost of devices is noted, which ranges from 4 to 15 thousand rubles, an attractive appearance and a long service life. Attention is drawn to the availability of additional options, such as remote control, built-in lighting and the ability to change operating modes. Among the disadvantages are the low availability of spare parts for foreign models and the large weight of some devices. For example, the Vortice Nordik Evolution 120 fan weighs 7 kg, which imposes certain requirements for reinforcing fasteners when installing devices on tension and suspended ceiling structures.

Mounting

Trouble-free and safe operation of the fan largely depends on its correct installation. This is due to the fact that an improperly secured device will generate significant vibration and produce a lot of noise. Therefore, before installing the device with your own hands, you must read the instructions and clearly follow the connection diagram.

• It is necessary to understand that for the equipment of the mounting bracket, at least 4 mounting holes should be used, otherwise, due to the high dynamic load, the device will quickly loosen the mounts and begin to vibrate violently. In addition, the instrument body should be secured to the mounting bracket with movable pivot joints, leaving small clearances.

• The place of installation also plays an important role. For a more even redistribution of air masses throughout the room, it is recommended to install the fan exactly in the middle of the room, and if it is used to service the local area, installation should be done in the center of this area. Particular attention should be paid to the height of the device. For safe operation of the fan, the distance from the floor to the blades should not be less than 210 cm.

Reducing the recommended distance may affect not only the safety of using the device. The lower the blades are located above the floor, the lower the performance of each of them and the longer it takes to complete replacement air volume when using exhaust models. However, placing the impeller too close to the ceiling is also undesirable, especially for stretch ceilings fabric performance: during prolonged operation of the blades, the fabric does not withstand constant vibration and quickly breaks.

• When installing fans in high rooms or mansards with sloping roofs, it is recommended to use an extension bar and position the units so that 2.4-2.8 meters are obtained from the impeller to the ceiling.
• When installing on reinforced concrete bases, it is recommended to use dowels and self-tapping screws, while when installing on tension or suspended structures it is necessary to use spacers connecting the mounting brackets to the main ceiling.

• The final stage of the installation will be to connect the fan terminals to the electrical network. This requires a wire brown connect to terminal L, wire blue - with terminal N, and connect the yellow-green wire to the screw with the PE sign, which means protective earth. After the installation of the fan is completed, it is necessary to test all operating modes and check the operation of the remote control. If all the installation steps are performed correctly, then there should be no problems with a trial run.

The fan is a complex electrical appliance, so its repair should be carried out by specialists of service centers. However, it is still possible to extend the life of the device and ensure its stable operation for a long time. To do this, it is necessary to follow a number of recommendations given by the repairmen of ventilation equipment, and service the device in time.

• So, one of the most common fan malfunctions is strong vibration and high noise levels. In some cases, the device begins to hum violently and wobble threateningly. The reason for this behavior of the device is the imbalance of the blade unit. You can fix such a malfunction yourself, and the first step will be to purchase a repair balancing kit, consisting of self-adhesive weights and weight clamps.

• Next, you need to check how reliable the connection is between the blades and the rotating hub located on the shaft of the electric motor. Loose threads should be tightened with a screwdriver or hexagon.
• The next step will be to measure the distance from the end of each of the blades to the ceiling. If deviations are found, the problem blade should be leveled, and then tightened the fastening screws.
• Then it is necessary to alternately put on a weight clamp on each blade and turn on the device. If vibration is reduced, either attach another clamp or start moving the first one gradually.

• It is necessary to move the clamp along the blade in the direction from the middle to the tail end. The manipulations should be continued until the vibration completely disappears. Then you need to unhook the weight clamp and stick a self-adhesive metal weight strictly in its place. The balancing of the impeller units of the exhaust fans is done in the same way, except that the weights with the clamps must be smaller.